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Brutus Poetry and Protest.Pdf Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 1 Poetry &Protest Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 2 Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 3 Poetry Protest & A Dennis Brutus Reader Edited by Lee Sustar & Aisha Karim Chicago, IL Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 4 Memoirs, documents, and poetry © 2006 Dennis Brutus except as noted. Compilation and additional materials © 2006 Lee Sustar and Aisha Karim For a complete list of original sources, see pages 394–401. First published in 2006 by Haymarket Books P.O. Box 180165 Chicago, IL 60618 773-583-7884 www.haymarketbooks.org Cover design by Ragina Johnson Interior design by David Whitehouse Printed in Canada 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data Poetry & protest : a Dennis Brutus reader / edited by Aisha Karim and Lee Sustar. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-931859-22-6 ISBN-10: 1-931859-22-1 1. Brutus, Dennis, 1924- 2. Poets, South African--20th century-- Biography. 3. Protest poetry, South African (English)--History and criticism. 4. Apartheid in literature. 5. South Africa--In literature. I. Title: Poetry and protest. II. Karim, Aisha, 1968- III. Sustar, Lee, 1961- PR9390.93B7Z82 2006 821'.914--dc22 2005034855 Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 5 Contents Acknowledgments 8 Introduction: Dennis Brutus’s “ticking explosives” 11 Aisha Karim and Lee Sustar Part 1: Early Years: Radicalization and Rebellion ◆ Editors’ Introduction 21 ◆ Memoir: From Protest to Prison 23 ◆ Documents: 45 Letter from Balthazaar Johannes Vorster, minister of justice ◆ Silent poets, strangled writers ◆ Negritude, literature and nationalism: A word from South Africa ◆ In a Cape packing shed ◆ Sports: Threat to the security of the state ◆ Walking home to Mofolo ◆ “You’ve come to Hell Island”: A political prisoner under apartheid ◆ Poems 94 Part 2: From Exile to International Activist ◆ Editors’ Introduction 127 Section 1. Racism, Sports, and Resistance ◆ Memoir: Isolating Apartheid— South Africa and International Sports 129 Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 6 ◆ Documents: 145 “Certain countries are determined to protect South Africa” ◆ Open letter from the South African Non-Racial Olympic Committee Section 2. Poetry, Culture and Liberation ◆ Memoir: The Artist as Political Activist 153 ◆ Documents: 167 Somehow tenderness survives ◆ Protest against apartheid: Alan Paton, Nadine Gordimer, Athol Fugard, Alfred Hutchinson, and Arthur Nortje ◆ African culture and liberation ◆ Cultural liberation and the African revolution ◆ Literature and commitment in South Africa ◆ Meeting of African writers ◆ English and the dynamics of South African creative writing Section 3. Apartheid’s Last Stand ◆ Memoir: Fighting Deportation from the United States 220 ◆ Documents: 222 Letters ◆ Speech before the United Nations Special Commit- tee on Apartheid ◆ Notes on the South African liberation struggle ◆ Steve Biko: In memoriam ◆ Statement by Ad-Hoc Group to End Northwestern Investments in South Africa ◆ The escalation of resistance in South Africa ◆ Poems 247 Part 3: From National Liberation to Global Justice ◆ Editors’ Introduction 283 ◆ Memoir: Apartheid, Neoliberalism, Resistance 285 Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 7 ◆ Documents: 294 South Africa: Transition to freedom? ◆ Martin Luther King Day: Globalize the struggle for justice ◆ Africa 2000 in the new global context: A commentary ◆ Why I protested at the World Bank ◆ It’s time for new confrontations ◆ Africa’s progressive movements ◆ South Africa supports global apartheid ◆ World Conference Against Racism: South Africa between a rock and a hard place ◆ Reflections on Durban ◆ World Summit on Sustainable Development ◆ Global agendas are set by the usual suspects ◆ Africa’s struggles today ◆ Statement on the Palestinian campaign for the academic and cultural boycott of Israel ◆ Africa: Can Blair and Brown deliver? ◆ Imperialism, sub-imperialism and popular resistance in South Africa ◆ Poems 363 Document Sources 394 Poetry Sources 399 Further Reading 402 Glossary of Acronyms 405 Index of Poems 406 Index 410 Biographies 414 Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 8 Acknowledgments This book would have been impossible to produce without the collective efforts of many people, most of all the team at Haymarket Books. Julie Fain supervised the project from beginning to end, en- during numerous delays and handling multiple tasks ranging from suggestions on content to final production. Bill Roberts helped turn materials from scattered sources into a manuscript and helped keep the process moving at every stage. Anthony Arnove, who first pro- posed this project, provided professional advice on organizing the source material and arranged the cover photography. Lance Selfa’s editorial comments and suggestions were key to shaping the final form of this book. Sherry Wolf and Deborah Roberts meticulously proofread the entire manuscript. Jeff Bale and Katherine Dwyer graciously agreed to transcribe recorded interviews. Danyal Rizvi, Alivia Moid, Syed Karim, and Tamiz Haiderali helped prepare out- of-print material for republication. Annie Zirin generously agreed to help locate materials at Worcester State College. Jesse Kindig took on similar tasks at the New York Public Library’s Schomberg Center for Research in Black Culture. David Whitehouse created the book’s excellent interior design, and Ragina Johnson designed the striking cover. Thanks are also due to those who read this book in manuscript form at various stages. Patrick Bond offered not only comments and suggestions, but pointed us to numerous resources and gave us the benefit of his vast knowledge of South African society today. William Keach’s expertise in editing poetry and his comments on the manuscript were invaluable. Bernth Lindfors, who edited and originally published several of the documents in this book, kindly 8 Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 9 Acknowledgments 9 gave us permission to reuse that material, while providing critical suggestions and much encouragement. In addition, we were fortunate to be able to build upon the work of others who have edited and published Dennis Brutus’s work and collaborated with his political projects. These include Wayne Kamin, who provided us with a recording of Brutus’s pow- erful tribute to Steve Biko and gave us permission to reuse material he previously edited and published, and Hal Wylie, who helped us fill gaps in the bibliography and likewise granted us permission to republish. We also benefited from the critical analysis of Brutus’s work by Simon Lewis, as well as the tribute to Brutus in the maga- zine Lewis edits, Illuminations. Another key resource was Craig W. McLuckie and Patrick J. Colbert’s edited collection, Critical Per- spectives on Dennis Brutus, which provides biographical data, a detailed bibliography and a range of critical views. We are greatly indebted to others’ work in publishing Brutus’s political commentary. Michael Albert, David Barsamian, Linda Barton, Beverly Bell, Ben Cashdan, Ted Glick, lamont b. steptoe, and the IndyMedia South Africa collective generously allowed us to use previously published material. The work of Brutus’ collaborators in the global justice move- ment has been especially important, in particular Njoki Njehu and Soren Ambrose of the 50 Years is Enough campaign, and the au- thors and activists Jeremy Brecher and Kevin Danaher. A number of people supported this project through their work in their respective institutions. Kathy Alaimo, Dean of Arts and Sci- ences at St. Xavier University supported this project through a gen- erous research grant. The Northwestern University Archives staff spent years organizing Dennis Brutus’s papers, making our research possible. We would like to thank in particular University Archivist Patrick M. Quinn, Assistant University Archivist Janet C. Olson, Associate Archivist Kevin B. Leonard, and Assistant Archivist Allen J. Streicker. Also at Northwestern, the Herskovits Library of African Studies staff generously allowed use of their facilities. We would like especially to thank Curator David Easterbrook and Matthew Teti of the library’s staff. At Worcester State College, Dr. Henry Theriault, Coordinator of the Center for the Study of Human Rights, gave us permission Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 10 10 Poetry and Protest: A Dennis Brutus Reader to access the center’s Dennis Brutus Collection; Worcester’s Library Director Donald Hochstetler sorted through the material and made it available to us. A similar valuable service was provided to us at Yale Divinity School Library by Archives Assistant Joan R. Duffy. In South Africa, Andrew Martin, of the National English Literary Museum, located original source material unavailable elsewhere; we also found his Poems of Dennis Brutus: A Checklist, 1945- 2004 to be indispensable. Glenn Cowley at the University of KwaZulu-Natal Press deserves special mention for making this the first time that a volume of Dennis Brutus’s work is being published in South Africa. For advice on resources on the history of the South African left we would like to thank Ted Crawford, Allison Drew, and Hilel Ticktin. We would also like to acknowledge our debt to our parents, Zeenat Karim, the late Syed Letafat Karim, Gloria Sustar, and Frank Sustar. Through the entire process, we’ve enjoyed the collaboration and friendship of Dennis Brutus. We would like to thank him for sitting through interviews and reviewing manuscripts despite a schedule crammed with speaking, teaching, and organizing on a world scale. In his eighth decade, Dennis Brutus remains a trouba- dour for global justice. Brutus all 12-5-05 with index 12/5/05 10:10 PM Page 11 Introduction Dennis Brutus’s “Ticking Explosives” “ he struggle continues”: This well-known slogan of the left Tcertainly characterizes Dennis Brutus’s life’s work.
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