DOCSLIB.ORG

Novel Skin Stretching Device

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Novel Skin Stretching Device Novel Skin Stretching Device A Major Qualifying Project Report submitted to the Faculty of Worcester Polytechnic Institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science by ___________________________ Katie Hutchinson __________________________ Daniel Keenan ___________________________ Laura Piccione ___________________________ Hussein Yatim May 2012 Approved by: ___________________________ Professor George Pins, Advisor ___________________________ Professor John Sullivan, Advisor Amanda Clement Dr. Michael Chin Dr. Raymond Dunn Dr. Ronald Ignotz Dr. Janice Lalikos Keywords: skin graft, in vitro, cyclical testing Table of Contents Table of Contents ................................................................................................................ 1 Authorship Page .................................................................................................................. 5 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. 6 Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 7 Table of Figures ................................................................................................................... 8 Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 2: Literature Review ............................................................................................ 13 2.1 Clinical Significance ............................................................................................. 13 2.1 A The Importance of Skin .................................................................................. 13 2.1 B The Need for Skin Substitutes ....................................................................... 14 2.2 Current Skin Grafts .............................................................................................. 15 2.2 A Biological Tissues ........................................................................................... 16 2.2 B Engineered Tissues ........................................................................................ 17 2.2 C Limitations ..................................................................................................... 19 2.3 Improving the Current Gold Standard ................................................................ 20 2.3 A The influence of Mechanical Stress ............................................................... 20 2.3 B The Limitations of Current Technology ......................................................... 21 2.3 C Moving From an in vivo to an in vitro Model................................................. 22 2.3 D Proposed Contribution to the Field ............................................................... 22 2.4 Relevant Mathematical Models .......................................................................... 23 Chapter 3: Project Strategy ............................................................................................... 27 3.1 Initial Client Statement ....................................................................................... 27 3.2 Objectives ............................................................................................................ 28 1 3.3 Constraints .......................................................................................................... 30 3.4 Revised Client Statement .................................................................................... 32 3.5 Project Approach ................................................................................................. 33 Chapter 4: The Design Process ......................................................................................... 35 4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 35 4.2 Needs Analysis ..................................................................................................... 36 4.3 Functions and Specifications ............................................................................... 38 4.4 Preliminary Designs ............................................................................................. 42 4.4 A The Column Design ........................................................................................ 44 4.4 B The Custom Fit Design ................................................................................... 45 4.4 C The Expanding Ring Design ............................................................................ 46 4.4 D The Piston Design .......................................................................................... 47 4.4 E Summary ........................................................................................................ 48 4.5 Final Design ......................................................................................................... 49 4.5 A Design Refinement ........................................................................................ 50 4.5 B The Device ...................................................................................................... 51 4.5 C Dimensional Analysis ..................................................................................... 54 4.5 D CAD Drawings ................................................................................................ 57 4.5 E Machining ....................................................................................................... 58 Chapter 5: Design Verification .......................................................................................... 59 5.1 Preliminary Data .................................................................................................. 59 5.1 A Pullout Testing ............................................................................................... 59 5.1 B Force Calculations .......................................................................................... 59 5.1 C Power Output Required for Motor ................................................................ 60 2 5.1 D Rack and Pinion, Motor, and Load Cell ......................................................... 60 5.2 Design Feasibility ................................................................................................. 62 Chapter 6: Discussion ........................................................................................................ 65 6.1 Product Impact .................................................................................................... 66 6.2 Environmental Impact ......................................................................................... 66 6.3 Economics............................................................................................................ 67 6.4 Societal Influence ................................................................................................ 67 6.5 Political Ramifications ......................................................................................... 68 6.6 Ethical Concerns .................................................................................................. 68 6.7 Health and Safety Issue ....................................................................................... 68 6.8 Manufacturability ................................................................................................ 69 6.9 Sustainability ....................................................................................................... 70 Chapter 7: Validation ........................................................................................................ 71 7.1 Sterility and Gas Exchange .................................................................................. 71 7.1 A Procedure ...................................................................................................... 72 7.1 B Results ............................................................................................................ 73 Chapter 8: Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................... 75 8.1 Conclusions.......................................................................................................... 75 8.2 Recommended Analytical Data ........................................................................... 75 8.3 Characterization of Cells in Scaffold .................................................................... 76 8.4 Future Modifications ........................................................................................... 76 References ........................................................................................................................ 78 Appendices ........................................................................................................................ 84 Appendix A: The Design Process ................................................................................... 84 3 Appendix A.1 Gantt chart ....................................................................................... 84 Appendix A.2 Pairwise Comparison Chart .............................................................. 85 Appendix A.3 Metrics .............................................................................................. 89 Appendix A.4 Evaluation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Science Inside Skin
    the science inside SKIN AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE Dear Reader: Science data and statistics are always changing, and it is important to be informed of current research. To help keep you up-to-date with the latest information on skin health, the American Association for the Advancement of Science would like to share the following updates regarding skin health: N Major medical groups, including the CDC, recommend using sun- screen with an SPF of 15 or higher. However, a growing number of health care providers, including the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, suggest products of SPF 30 or higher, particularly for those whose skin burns easily. (See references on pages 17, 32, and 45.) N The number of doctor visits Americans make each year to get skin rashes checked out has dropped from 11.8 million to 10 million, according to the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2006 Summary, National Health Statistics Report No. 3. (See reference on page 23.) http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr003.pdf is the most recent data. Check the site for regular updates to the statistics. N According to the CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries, 53,792 new cases of melanoma were reported in 2005, the most recent year for which statistics were available in Summer 2009. The National Cancer Institute estimates that 68,720 new cases will be diagnosed in 2009. (See reference on page 36.) N Estimates vary as to the likelihood of developing melanoma during the average American’s lifetime. MedlinePlus, developed by the National Institutes of Health, estimates that 1 in 65 people will be diagnosed with melanoma at some point in their life.
    [Show full text]
  • The Garment of Adam in Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Tradition
    24 The Garmentof Adam in Jewish, Muslim, and ChristianTradition Stephen D. Ricks Although rarely occurring in any detail, the motif of Adam's garment appears with surprising frequency in ancient Jewish and Christian literature. (I am using the term "Adam's garment" as a cover term to include any garment bestowed by a divine being to one of the patri­ archs that is preserved and passed on, in many instances, from one generation to another. I will thus also consider garments divinely granted to other patriarchal figures, including Noah, Abraham, and Joseph.) Although attested less often than in the Jewish and Christian sources, the motif also occurs in the literature of early Islam, espe­ cially in the Isra'iliyyiit literature in the Muslim authors al­ ThaclabI and al-Kisa'I as well as in the Rasii'il Ikhwiin al­ ~afa (Epistles of the Brethren of Purity). Particularly when discussing the garment of Adam in the Jewish tradition, I will shatter chronological boundaries, ranging from the biblical, pseudepigraphic, and midrashic references to the garment of Adam to its medieval attestations. 1 In what fol­ lows, I wish to consider (1) the garment of Adam as a pri­ mordial creation; (2) the garment as a locus of power, a symbol of authority, and a high priestly garb; and (3) the garment of Adam and heavenly robes. 2 705 706 STEPHEN D. RICKS 1. The Garment of Adam as a Primordial Creation The traditions of Adam's garment in the Hebrew Bible begin quite sparely, with a single verse in Genesis 3:21, where we are informed that "God made garments of skins for Adam and for his wife and clothed them." Probably the oldest rabbinic traditions include the view that God gave garments to Adam and Eve before the Fall but that these were not garments of skin (Hebrew 'or) but instead gar­ ments of light (Hebrew 'or).
    [Show full text]
  • Young Adult Realistic Fiction Book List
    Young Adult Realistic Fiction Book List Denotes new titles recently added to the list while the severity of her older sister's injuries Abuse and the urging of her younger sister, their uncle, and a friend tempt her to testify against Anderson, Laurie Halse him, her mother and other well-meaning Speak adults persuade her to claim responsibility. A traumatic event in the (Mature) (2007) summer has a devastating effect on Melinda's freshman Flinn, Alexandra year of high school. (2002) Breathing Underwater Sent to counseling for hitting his Avasthi, Swati girlfriend, Caitlin, and ordered to Split keep a journal, A teenaged boy thrown out of his 16-year-old Nick examines his controlling house by his abusive father goes behavior and anger and describes living with to live with his older brother, his abusive father. (2001) who ran away from home years earlier under similar circumstances. (Summary McCormick, Patricia from Follett Destiny, November 2010). Sold Thirteen-year-old Lakshmi Draper, Sharon leaves her poor mountain Forged by Fire home in Nepal thinking that Teenaged Gerald, who has she is to work in the city as a spent years protecting his maid only to find that she has fragile half-sister from their been sold into the sex slave trade in India and abusive father, faces the that there is no hope of escape. (2006) prospect of one final confrontation before the problem can be solved. McMurchy-Barber, Gina Free as a Bird Erskine, Kathryn Eight-year-old Ruby Jean Sharp, Quaking born with Down syndrome, is In a Pennsylvania town where anti- placed in Woodlands School in war sentiments are treated with New Westminster, British contempt and violence, Matt, a Columbia, after the death of her grandmother fourteen-year-old girl living with a Quaker who took care of her, and she learns to family, deals with the demons of her past as survive every kind of abuse before she is she battles bullies of the present, eventually placed in a program designed to help her live learning to trust in others as well as her.
    [Show full text]
  • The Trouble with Paradise: Exploring Communities of Difference in Three American Novels
    The Trouble With Paradise: Exploring Communities of Difference in Three American Novels by Blair Nosan The Trouble With Paradise: Exploring Communities of Difference in Three American Novels by Blair Nosan A thesis presented for the B. A. degree with Honors in The Department of English University of Michigan Spring 2008 © March 17, 2008 Blair Elizabeth Nosan Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor, Anne Herrmann, for her discerning eye and her vital input throughout this writing process. Scotti Parrish for her encouragement and willingness to devote time and concern to the entire thesis cohort. Her support has been indispensable. And Megan Sweeney for her inspiration, and her suggestion of resources—including two of the three novels I have analyzed as primary sources. I am indebted to Eileen Pollack, who was willing to meet with me and provide a personal interview, which was central to my analysis of her work. I have also benefited from the support of my roommates, Peter Schottenfels, Jacob Nathan, and Anna Bernstein, who have provided me with a respite, which was often greatly needed. To my friend Claire Smith who edited this essay in its entirety, and to Nicole Cohen, the 2008 honors cohort, and my sister Loren: these individuals devoted their time and effort to my project and I am very grateful. Finally, I want to thank my family, who not only supported my decision to remain at university for an extra year in order to pursue this very thesis, but also for providing me with emotional guidance throughout this rollercoaster of an experience.
    [Show full text]
  • Minnie Bruce Pratt “Identity: Skin Blood Heart”
    This essay was originally published in Yours in Struggle: Three Feminist Perspectives on Anti-Semitism and Racism (Long Haul Press, 1984), co- authored by Elly Bulkin, Minnie Bruce Pratt and Barbara Smith. Minnie Bruce Pratt “Identity: Skin Blood Heart” I live in a part of Washington, D.C., that white suburbanites called “the jungle” during the uprising of the sixties—perhaps still do, for all I know. When I walk the two-and-a-half blocks to H Street, N.E., to stop in at the bank, to leave my boots off at the shoe-repair- and-lock shop, I am most usually the only white person in sight. I’ve seen two other whites, women, in the year I’ve lived here. (This does not count white folks in cars, passing through. In official language, H Street, N.E., is known as the “H Street Corridor,” as in something to be passed through quickly, going from your place on the way to elsewhere.) From Rebellion: Essays 1984-1992 (Firebrand Books). Minnie Bruce Pratt ©1984 When I walk three blocks in a slightly different direction, down Maryland Avenue, to go to my lover’s house, I pass yards of Black folks: the yard of the lady who keeps children, with its blue-and- red windmill, its roses of Sharon; the yard of the man who delivers vegetables, with its stacked slatted crates; the yard of the people next to the Righteous Branch Commandment Church of God (Seventh Day), with its tomatoes in the summer, its collards in the fall. In the summer, folks sit out on their porches or steps or sidewalks.
    [Show full text]
  • A Book of Christian History Bound in the Flayed Skin of an American
    Redskin, Tanned Hide: A Book of Christian History Bound in the Flayed Skin of an American Indian: The Colonial Romance, christian Denial and the Cleansing of a christian School of Theology* Tink Tinker (wazhazhe / Osage Nation) [email protected] “…a priceless vestment for the teachings of brotherly love.” — Rocky Mountain News , 1934, describing the History of Christianity book bound in the skin of an American Indian. Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Religion Volume 5, Issue 9 (October 2014) ©Sopher Press (contact [email protected] ) Page 1 of 43 For eighty years, the Iliff School of Theology proudly and publicly displayed a volume bound in the skin taken from an American Indian killed by a quaker settler in western Virginia. 1 As an American Indian scholar, the macabre topic of this essay touches me in a way immeasurably more deeply than it can even the most sensitive and self-aware euro-christian on this continent. 2 It touches the nerve center of abject horror that we Indian folk must suppress and *I would like to acknowledge the broad sources of critique and help in writing this essay. My wife, Dr. Loring Abeyta, put a great deal of time into this project, both in engaging primary research and creatively in helping me with producing text. A number of colleagues at Iliff, including especially Dr. Julie Todd, and current student Debra Stinnett, also contributed generous editing energies. I received great encouragement from Iliff students like Natasha Drake, who is working on a collateral essay, and alumni like Rachel Pater, who spearheaded the graduating class gift idea in 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • White, Black and Green Photograph Business Proposal
    B O O K C L U B K I T D I S C U S S I O N Q U E S T I O N S 1. At the beginning of What’s Mine and Yours, Robbie Ventura tells Ray Gilbert to get property that no one will ever take away from his children, in order to build a legacy. What other legacies do the parents in this novel leave their children? What would you want to leave your loved ones? 2. The parents and children of What’s Mine and Yours exist with a significant chasm between them. Discuss the ways that the Ventura daughters and Gee don’t often see the motivations behind their parents’ choices, nor the sacrifice, and how did it resonate with you and your own life? 3. When Inéz visits Noelle in Golden Brook, she’s afraid that her friend is losing her sense of self while out in the suburbs, especially after hearing the story of a Black woman and her son threatened with the police by a neighbor. How did you feel about the party’s reaction to that story and Inéz’s criticism of Noelle’s silence? 4. There are many versions of caregiving in this novel that go beyond just parent and child. Discuss the ways that these characters are playing the role of mother for one another. 5. The two mothers in the novel, Lacey May and Jade, both wanted what was best for their children, regardless of how it’s received by them and the broader implications of their actions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Race, Religion, Skin Color, and National Origin on the Duration of Processing for Permanent Resident Visas?
    University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2012 The Effect Of Race, Religion, Skin Color, And National Origin On The Duration Of Processing For Permanent Resident Visas? Lindsey S. Bares University of Central Florida Part of the Sociology Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Bares, Lindsey S., "The Effect Of Race, Religion, Skin Color, And National Origin On The Duration Of Processing For Permanent Resident Visas?" (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 2183. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/2183 THE EFFECT OF RACE, SKIN COLOR, RELIGION AND NATIONAL ORIGIN ON THE DURATION OF PROCESSING FOR PERMANENT RESIDENT VISAS by LINDSEY S. BARES B.A. University of Central Florida, 2012 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Sociology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2012 ABSTRACT A great deal of attention has recently been focused on America’s undocumented immigrants, a population estimated at around 10 million people (Passel, Capps, and Fix 2004). Much less attention has been paid (in both scholarly and academic circles) to legal immigrants, although in 2010 (the most recent year for which complete data are available), the Department of Homeland Security granted 1,042,625 permanent resident visas.
    [Show full text]
  • Hatred Is Only Skin Deep - Transcript John Allen Chalk
    Abilene Christian University Digital Commons @ ACU Herald of Truth Documents Herald of Truth Records 7-7-1968 Hatred is Only Skin Deep - Transcript John Allen Chalk Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.acu.edu/hot_docs Recommended Citation Chalk, John Allen, "Hatred is Only Skin Deep - Transcript" (1968). Herald of Truth Documents. 215. https://digitalcommons.acu.edu/hot_docs/215 This Manuscript is brought to you for free and open access by the Herald of Truth Records at Digital Commons @ ACU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Herald of Truth Documents by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ ACU. ~ . .;;;.. o/J1o.-C:f Herald of Truth /{//-<_ _Pr~grarn #8Sa "Hatred Is Only Skin Deep 11 Program #858 CHALK: ~r/Jz John ·Allen Chalk. In just a minute I will be discussing the Racial 1 4/e Revolution . •••• what it. means to you. p(~a-g-eVct- 1(2t'tJtJt.J/ED -- t<.h lET11£1? yot/ J..J/!1:- 1T o,,e11./oT.I ~~ ~,¥- ~ -fl-~- =e ~- efl--wJ~::e- MUSIC: A WONDERFULSAVIOR ALLISON: Churches of Christ welcome you t *r~Jo the 858th broadcast of Herald . of Truth. Produced by the Highland Church of J Christ, Abilene, Texas, each Herald of Truth broadcast is designed to proclaim the eternal Word of Christ for a changing world of crisis. MUSIC: LEAD, KINDLY LIGHT ALLISON: Throughout this summer on Herald of Truth~ you can hear a special series called "Three American Revolutions." Today's discussion begins a July series on the Racial Revolution. Information on how to receive a free copy of this and other messages will follow shortly.
    [Show full text]
  • Light Skinned with Good Hair: the Role of the Media and Christianity in the Maintenance of Self-Hatred in African Americans
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 408 962 IR 018 375 AUTHOR Akintunde, Omowale TITLE Light Skinned with Good Hair: The Role of the Media and Christianity in the Maintenance of Self-Hatred in African Americans. PUB DATE Jan 97 NOTE 9p.; In: VisionQuest: Journeys toward Visual Literacy. Selected Readings from the Annual Conference of the International Visual Literacy Association (28th, Cheyenne, Wyoming, October, 1996); see IR 018 353. PUB TYPE Opinion Papers (120) Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Aesthetic Values; *Blacks; Christianity; *Mass Media Effects; Mass Media Role; Physical Attractiveness; Racial Bias; Racial Differences; Religious Factors; *Self Concept; *Self Esteem; Social Cognition; Social Influences IDENTIFIERS *African Americans; Hairstyles; Skin Color ABSTRACT This paper explores how feelings of self-hatred in African Americans are perpetuated through media and the standard physical and ideological manifestations of Christianity. The notion that skin that is closer to white and hair that is closer to white are both more desirable attributes is a dominant theme underlying the African American experience. The implications of such a notion (being African American is unattractive) cannot survive as a singular pejorative idea; it must be reinforced from every possible social milieu. Yet most African Americans deny or are at least unaware on a conscious level of the impact of their perceptions of these phenomena on the formulation of their self-image. The consequences of such pervasive beliefs erects
    [Show full text]
  • Facts About Skin Cancer: Nevada (PDF)
    Office of Air and Radiation (6205J) EPA-430-F-10-032 March 2011 facts about: Skin Cancer A LL RY FO NT R OUR COU NEVADA Skin■cancer■is■the■most■common■cancer■diagnosed■in■the■ United■States.1-4 This fact sheet presents statistics about skin Annual■Rate■of■New■■ Melanoma■Diagnoses,■■ cancer for Nevada and the United States as a whole. 2002–200610 All■Races,■Both■Sexes,■All■Ages just the facts: Skin Cancer in Nevada ■■ Sunburns. A 2004 survey found that 38.3% of white adults in Nevada had at least one sunburn in the past year.5 Sunburns are a significant risk factor for the development of skin cancer.6-8 ■■ New■Cases■of■Melanoma. An estimated 480 state residents were diagnosed with melanoma in 2009. Melanoma is responsible for about 75% of all skin cancer deaths.2,9 ■■ Humboldt County has the highest rate of new melanoma diagnoses in Nevada, a rate that also exceeds the national average.10 ■■ Deaths■from■Melanoma. About 68 people in Nevada die of melanoma every year.11 ■■ The melanoma death rate among Nevada residents is higher than the national average.11 ■■ The melanoma death rate is nearly three times higher among Nevadan men than women.11 Melanoma■Death■Rates,■■ 2003–200711 1–41 All references can be found on the SunWise Web site at: www.epa.gov/sunwise/statefacts.html All■Races,■Both■Sexes,■All■Ages survivor story: Stacey Escalante “You better get that checked.” Despite my family’s concern, I waited six months before having a doctor check the small, red spot on my back.
    [Show full text]
  • Skin Deep: a Mind/Body Program for Healthy Skin
    SKIN DEEP A Mind/Body Program for Healthy Skin Ted A. Grossbart, Ph.D. Carl Sherman, Ph.D. Health Press NA Inc. Albuquerque, New Mexico Find out more at http://www.grossbart.com To Selma Fraiberg: She brought light to so many kinds of darkness — T. G. To my mother — C. S. Copyright 1986 (First Edition) by Ted A. Grossbart, Ph.D. Copyright 1992 (Revised and Expanded Edition) by Ted A. Grossbart, Ph.D. Copyright 2009 (Digital Edition) by Ted A. Grossbart, Ph.D. Released for free under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License 3.0 Published by Health Press P.O. Box 37470 Albuquerque, NM 87176-37470 All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. Printed in the United States of America 96 95 94 93 92 5 4 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Grossbart, Ted A. Skin Deep : a mind/body program for healthy skin / Ted A. Grossbart and Carl Sherman. – 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-929173-11-2 (trade pbk.) : $14.95 1. Skin – Diseases – Psychosomatic aspects. 2. Mental suggestion. 3. Hypnotism — Therapeutic use. 4. Mind and body.I. Sherman, Carl. II. Title. RL72.G76 1992 616.5’08 — dc20 92-23697 CIP Revised and Expanded Edition ISBN 0-0929173-11-2 ISBN 13 978-92173-11-5 Edited by Denice A. Anderson Cover design by Florence J. Plecki Find out more at http://www.grossbart.com Contents FOREWORD INTRODUCTION TO FIRST EDITION, 1986 INTRODUCTION REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION, 1992 PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First Edition, 1986 Revised and Expanded Edition, 1992 PART ONE THE STORY BEHIND YOUR SKIN 1 Your Skin: Sensing and Responding to the World Around You 2 Listening To Your Skin 3 Why Me? The Skin Has Its Reasons 4.
    [Show full text]