Lord Howe Island Biodiversity Management Plan 229
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae)
Zootaxa 4759 (3): 421–426 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4759.3.8 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F725F128-FCF3-4182-8E88-ECC01F881515 Two new monobasic thrips genera for a gall-inducing species and its kleptoparasite (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae) LAURENCE A. MOUND & ALICE WELLS Australian National Insect Collection CSIRO, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601 [email protected] Abstract Drypetothrips korykis gen. et sp.n. is described as inducing leaf-margin galls on a small tree in Australia, Drypetes deplanchei [Putranjivaceae]. This thrips is similar in appearance to the smaller species of the genus Kladothrips that induce galls on Acacia species. The galls are invaded by a phytophagous kleptoparasitic thrips, Pharothrips hynnis gen. et sp.n., females of which have a forked plough-like structure protruding ventrally on the frons that is unique amongst Thysanoptera. Key words: autapomorphy, systematic relationships, leaf-margin galls, Australia Introduction The small tree, Drypetes deplanchei [Putranjivaceae], is widespread across northern Australia as far south as New- castle on the east coast. This tree is sometimes referred to as native holly, because the leaf margins can be sharply dentate, but these margins may also be almost smooth, and a species of thrips has been found inducing rolled margin galls on both leaf forms (Fig. 1). These galls and their thrips have been found at sites near Taree in coastal New South Wales, and also at Mt. Nebo near Brisbane in south-eastern Queensland. -
Growing Plants for Hawaiian Lei ‘A‘Ali‘I
6 Growing Plants for Hawaiian Lei ‘a‘ali‘i OTHER COMMON NAMES: ‘a‘ali‘i kū range of habitats from dunes at sea makani, ‘a‘ali‘i kū ma kua, kū- level up through leeward and dry makani, hop bush, hopseed bush forests and to the highest peaks SCIENTIFIC NAME: Dodonaea viscosa CURRENT STATUS IN THE WILD IN HAWAI‘I: common FAMILY: Sapindaceae (soapberry family) CULTIVARS: female cultivars such as ‘Purpurea’ and ‘Saratoga’ have NATURAL SETTING/LOCATION: indigenous, been selected for good fruit color pantropical species, found on all the main Hawaiian Islands except Kaho‘olawe; grows in a wide Growing your own PROPAGATION FORM: seeds; semi-hardwood cuttings or air layering for selected color forms PREPLANTING TREATMENT: step on seed capsule to release small, round, black seeds, or use heavy gloves and rub capsules vigorously between hands; put seeds in water that has been brought to a boil and removed from heat, soak for about 24 hours; if seeds start to swell, sow imme- diately; discard floating, nonviable seeds; use strong rooting hormone on cuttings TEMPERATURE: PLANTING DEPTH: sow seeds ¼" deep in tolerates dry heat; tem- after fruiting period to shape or keep medium; insert base of cutting 1–2" perature 32–90°F short; can be shaped into a small tree or maintained as a shrub, hedge, or into medium ELEVATION: 10–7700' espalier (on a trellis) GERMINATION TIME: 2–4 weeks SALT TOLERANCE: good (moderate at SPECIAL CULTURAL HINTS: male and female CUTTING ROOTING TIME: 1½–3 months higher elevations) plants are separate, although bisex- WIND RESISTANCE: -
Pu'u Wa'awa'a Biological Assessment
PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A, NORTH KONA, HAWAII Prepared by: Jon G. Giffin Forestry & Wildlife Manager August 2003 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................................................. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. ii GENERAL SETTING...................................................................................................................1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 Land Use Practices...............................................................................................................1 Geology..................................................................................................................................3 Lava Flows............................................................................................................................5 Lava Tubes ...........................................................................................................................5 Cinder Cones ........................................................................................................................7 Soils .......................................................................................................................................9 -
Contrasting Bacterial Communities in Two Indigenous Chionochloa (Poaceae) Grassland Soils in New Zealand
RESEARCH ARTICLE Contrasting bacterial communities in two indigenous Chionochloa (Poaceae) grassland soils in New Zealand Jocelyn C. Griffith1, William G. Lee2, David A. Orlovich1, Tina C. Summerfield1* 1 Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, 2 Landcare Research, Dunedin, New Zealand * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 a1111111111 The cultivation of grasslands can modify both bacterial community structure and impact on a1111111111 nutrient cycling as well as the productivity and diversity of plant communities. In this study, two pristine New Zealand grassland sites dominated by indigenous tall tussocks (Chiono- chloa pallens or C. teretifolia) were examined to investigate the extent and predictability of variation of the bacterial community. The contribution of free-living bacteria to biological OPEN ACCESS nitrogen fixation is predicted to be ecologically significant in these soils; therefore, the diazo- Citation: Griffith JC, Lee WG, Orlovich DA, trophic community was also examined. The C. teretifolia site had N-poor and poorly-drained Summerfield TC (2017) Contrasting bacterial peaty soils, and the C. pallens had N-rich and well-drained fertile soils. These soils also dif- communities in two indigenous Chionochloa (Poaceae) grassland soils in New Zealand. PLoS fer in the proportion of organic carbon (C), Olsen phosphorus (P) and soil pH. The nutrient- ONE 12(6): e0179652. https://doi.org/10.1371/ rich soils showed increased relative abundances of some copiotrophic bacterial taxa (includ- journal.pone.0179652 ing members of the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla). Other copiotrophs, Editor: Brenda A Wilson, University of Illinois at Actinobacteria and the oliogotrophic Acidobacteria showed increased relative abundance in Urbana-Champaign, UNITED STATES nutrient-poor soils. -
Chionochloa Flavicans F. Temata
Chionochloa flavicans f. temata COMMON NAME Te Mata Peak Snow Tussock SYNONYMS None (first described in 1991) FAMILY Poaceae AUTHORITY Chionochloa flavicans f. temata Connor FLORA CATEGORY Vascular – Native ENDEMIC TAXON Yes ENDEMIC GENUS No ENDEMIC FAMILY No STRUCTURAL CLASS Grasses CHROMOSOME NUMBER 2n = 42 CURRENT CONSERVATION STATUS 2012 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: OL PREVIOUS CONSERVATION STATUSES 2009 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: OL 2004 | Range Restricted DISTRIBUTION Endemic. North Island, Hawkes Bay, where it is only known from Te Mata Peak, Havelock North. HABITAT Confined to limestone cliffs where it can at times be locally dominant. FEATURES Tall, rather stout, often sprawling, flabellate tussock with persistent leaves and sheaths. Leaf-sheath to 150 mm, pinkish or purplish, chartaceous, entire, becoming fibrous, keeled, glabrous or with a few long hairs, apical tuft of hairs to 1 mm. Ligule to 0.7 mm. Leaf-blade to 750 × 8 mm, dark green, often distinctly glaucous, keeled, persistent, glabrous except for some short hairs above ligule and prickle-teeth on margins and abaxially at apex. Culm to 1.5 m, internodes glabrous. Inflorescence to 300 mm, clavate, dense and compact, not naked below; rachis smooth below, branches and pedicels densely scabrid and with some long hairs at branch axils. Spikelets of up to 4 distant florets. Glumes to 4 mm, broad, shallowly bifid, sometimes purpled, margins ciliate, prickle-teeth adaxially above, < nearest lemma lobes; lower 3-nerved, upper 5-nerved. Lemma to 4 mm, shorter and broader than typical form; hairs dense on margin, few aside central nerve, rarely reaching sinus, prickle-teeth above adaxially and abaxially on nerves; lateral lobes to 0.2 mm, conspicuously awned adjacent to a small lobe; central awn to 6 mm, reflexed, column absent. -
Will Climate Change, Genetic and Demographic Variation Or Rat Predation Pose the Greatest Risk for Persistence of an Altitudinally Distributed Island Endemic?
Biology 2012, 1, 736-765; doi:10.3390/biology1030736 OPEN ACCESS biology ISSN 2079-7737 www.mdpi.com/journal/biology Article Will Climate Change, Genetic and Demographic Variation or Rat Predation Pose the Greatest Risk for Persistence of an Altitudinally Distributed Island Endemic? Catherine Laura Simmons 1, Tony D. Auld 2, Ian Hutton 3, William J. Baker 4 and Alison Shapcott 1,* 1 Faculty of Science Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Office of Environment and Heritage (NSW), P.O. Box 1967 Hurstville, NSW 2220, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 P.O. Box 157, Lord Howe Island, NSW 2898, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-7-5430-1211; Fax: +61-7-5430-2881. Received: 3 September 2012; in revised form: 29 October 2012 / Accepted: 16 November 2012 / Published: 23 November 2012 Abstract: Species endemic to mountains on oceanic islands are subject to a number of existing threats (in particular, invasive species) along with the impacts of a rapidly changing climate. The Lord Howe Island endemic palm Hedyscepe canterburyana is restricted to two mountains above 300 m altitude. Predation by the introduced Black Rat (Rattus rattus) is known to significantly reduce seedling recruitment. We examined the variation in Hedyscepe in terms of genetic variation, morphology, reproductive output and demographic structure, across an altitudinal gradient. -
Take Another Look
Take Contact Details Another SUNSHINE COAST REGIONAL COUNCIL Caloundra Customer Service Look..... 1 Omrah Avenue, Caloundra FRONT p: 07 5420 8200 e: [email protected] Maroochydore Customer Service 11-13 Ocean Street, Maroochydore p: 07 5475 8501 e: [email protected] Nambour Customer Service Cnr Currie & Bury Street, Nambour p: 07 5475 8501 e: [email protected] Tewantin Customer Service 9 Pelican Street, Tewantin p: 07 5449 5200 e: [email protected] YOUR LOCAL CONTACT Our Locals are Beauties HINTERLAND EDITION HINTERLAND EDITION 0 Local native plant guide 2 What you grow in your garden can have major impact, Introduction 3 for better or worse, on the biodiversity of the Sunshine Native plants 4 - 41 Coast. Growing a variety of native plants on your property can help to attract a wide range of beautiful Wildlife Gardening 20 - 21 native birds and animals. Native plants provide food and Introduction Conservation Partnerships 31 shelter for wildlife, help to conserve local species and Table of Contents Table Environmental weeds 42 - 73 enable birds and animals to move through the landscape. Method of removal 43 Choosing species which flower and fruit in different Succulent plants and cacti 62 seasons, produce different types of fruit and provide Water weeds 70 - 71 roost or shelter sites for birds, frogs and lizards can greatly increase your garden’s real estate value for native References and further reading 74 fauna. You and your family will benefit from the natural pest control, life and colour that these residents and PLANT TYPE ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS visitors provide – free of charge! Habitat for native frogs Tall Palm/Treefern Local native plants also improve our quality of life in Attracts native insects other ways. -
Bio 308-Course Guide
COURSE GUIDE BIO 308 BIOGEOGRAPHY Course Team Dr. Kelechi L. Njoku (Course Developer/Writer) Professor A. Adebanjo (Programme Leader)- NOUN Abiodun E. Adams (Course Coordinator)-NOUN NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos Abuja Office No. 5 Dar es Salaam Street Off Aminu Kano Crescent Wuse II, Abuja e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.nou.edu.ng Published by National Open University of Nigeria Printed 2013 ISBN: 978-058-434-X All Rights Reserved Printed by: ii BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ……………………………………......................... iv What you will Learn from this Course …………………............ iv Course Aims ……………………………………………............ iv Course Objectives …………………………………………....... iv Working through this Course …………………………….......... v Course Materials ………………………………………….......... v Study Units ………………………………………………......... v Textbooks and References ………………………………........... vi Assessment ……………………………………………….......... vi End of Course Examination and Grading..................................... vi Course Marking Scheme................................................................ vii Presentation Schedule.................................................................... vii Tutor-Marked Assignment ……………………………….......... vii Tutors and Tutorials....................................................................... viii iii BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE INTRODUCTION BIO 308: Biogeography is a one-semester, 2 credit- hour course in Biology. It is a 300 level, second semester undergraduate course offered to students admitted in the School of Science and Technology, School of Education who are offering Biology or related programmes. The course guide tells you briefly what the course is all about, what course materials you will be using and how you can work your way through these materials. It gives you some guidance on your Tutor- Marked Assignments. There are Self-Assessment Exercises within the body of a unit and/or at the end of each unit. -
Plant Life of Western Australia
INTRODUCTION The characteristic features of the vegetation of Australia I. General Physiography At present the animals and plants of Australia are isolated from the rest of the world, except by way of the Torres Straits to New Guinea and southeast Asia. Even here adverse climatic conditions restrict or make it impossible for migration. Over a long period this isolation has meant that even what was common to the floras of the southern Asiatic Archipelago and Australia has become restricted to small areas. This resulted in an ever increasing divergence. As a consequence, Australia is a true island continent, with its own peculiar flora and fauna. As in southern Africa, Australia is largely an extensive plateau, although at a lower elevation. As in Africa too, the plateau increases gradually in height towards the east, culminating in a high ridge from which the land then drops steeply to a narrow coastal plain crossed by short rivers. On the west coast the plateau is only 00-00 m in height but there is usually an abrupt descent to the narrow coastal region. The plateau drops towards the center, and the major rivers flow into this depression. Fed from the high eastern margin of the plateau, these rivers run through low rainfall areas to the sea. While the tropical northern region is characterized by a wet summer and dry win- ter, the actual amount of rain is determined by additional factors. On the mountainous east coast the rainfall is high, while it diminishes with surprising rapidity towards the interior. Thus in New South Wales, the yearly rainfall at the edge of the plateau and the adjacent coast often reaches over 100 cm. -
Honey and Pollen Flora of SE Australia Species
List of families - genus/species Page Acanthaceae ........................................................................................................................................................................34 Avicennia marina grey mangrove 34 Aizoaceae ............................................................................................................................................................................... 35 Mesembryanthemum crystallinum ice plant 35 Alliaceae ................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Allium cepa onions 36 Amaranthaceae ..................................................................................................................................................................37 Ptilotus species foxtails 37 Anacardiaceae ................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Schinus molle var areira pepper tree 38 Schinus terebinthifolius Brazilian pepper tree 39 Apiaceae .................................................................................................................................................................................. 40 Daucus carota carrot 40 Foeniculum vulgare fennel 41 Araliaceae ................................................................................................................................................................................42 -
Insect Conservation and Islands Insect Conservation and Islands
INSECT CONSERVATION AND ISLANDS INSECT CONSERVATION AND ISLANDS Editor T. R. New La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia Reprinted from Journal of Insect Conservation Volume 12, Numbers 3–4 (2008) 123 A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the library of Congress. ISBN-13 978-1-4020-8781-3 (HB) ISBN-13 978-1-4020-8782-0 (e-book) Published by Springer P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands www.springer.com Cover illustration: The cover illustration shows several examples of spectacular weta (Orthoptera) from New Zealand, where their conservation has depended largely on offshore islands as refuges and introduction sites, as discussed in papers in this publication. The insects can be fitted with harmonic radar transponders or micro- transmitters for individual tracking. Shown are a Cook Strait Giant Weta, and two Mercury Island Tusked Weta (photograph courtesy of Danny Thornburrow, Corinne Watts and Ian Stringer). Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved Ó 2008 Springer No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. Table of Contents EDITORIAL A special issue on insect conservation and islands T.R. New 1 PAPERS Insect conservation on islands: setting the scene and defining the needs T.R. New 3–10 Butterflies of European islands: the implications of the geography and ecology of rarity and endemicity for conservation R.L.H. Dennis · L. -
Saving the Atlantic Rainforests
2 Mission World Land Trust–US is dedicated to buying and protecting lands that conserve rare or endangered species and endangered ecosystems rich in biodiversity. We work largely in the rainforests and cloud forests of the Latin American tropics, home to over 50% of the planet’s biodiversity and one of the world’s highest conservation priorities. Methods WLT-US focuses on tangible projects with long-term impacts for conservation, such as land purchase for the creation of new natural protected areas. We work in alliance with World Land Trust in the United Kingdom, and always work in close partnership with carefully selected local conservation groups, who own and manage the reserves that we help to create. Accomplishments Since our founding in 1989, we and our partner WLT in the UK have saved almost 1 million acres of high priority lands! In 2008, WLT-US bought and conserved 15,000 acres protecting some of the most endangered species and critical habitats in the tropics. Our program exceeded $2 million, used to buy and manage nature reserves of exceptional biodiversity value with local partners. Often we pay $100 an acre or less for these critical areas! World Land Trust - US 2806 P Street, NW, Washington, DC 20007 www.worldlandtrust-us.org Tel: 800-456-4930 3 Leadership message Time to Act for rainforests! It’s time to stop talking and start saving our planet. We all know that far too many wonderful natural places are perilously close to being lost forever. We also know their fate is in our hands! 2008 was World Land Trust-US’s most successful year yet, with $2 million raised that has secured 15,000 acres of rare and vanishing tropical forest at 17 critical habitat sites in six countries in the New World tropics, the world's richest biome.