Lake Titicaca, the Mother of the Inca Empire 12 World Festival in Water - Thingyan: the Water Festival in Myanmar

Water

www.kwater.or.krNature| 2007 SPRING & People )

2007Korea water resourcesspring corporation water ( Whisper of

Sunlight Whispering To Stone-Wall

Kim, Yung-Nang

I want to gaze at the skies all day long, Lying quiet on spring's path; Like sunrays whispering to a stone-wall, Like a smiling stream underneath the grasses.

I want to gaze at the silken sky Where a soft emerald-stream flows Like shyness on a maiden cheek, Like the ripples that caress Poesy's bosom. * KOREA WATER RESOURCES CORPORATION

02 Whisper of water

SCENERY OF WATER 04 Korea's Five Greatest Rivers 1 - Seomjin River, a spring-heralding river 08 World Wide Water - Lake Titicaca, the Mother of the Inca Empire 12 World Festival in water - Thingyan: the Water Festival in Myanmar

VIEW OF K-WATER 16 STEP to Global Best 1 - The Storm Water Drainage Construction Project , Sri Lanka 18 STEP to Global Best 2 - Generation Integrated Operation System (GIOS) 20 Rendezvous with K-water People -Water Resources Policy & Economy Research Institute 22 Spot K-water

24 Art Treasure of Korea -Cheonmachong Gold Crown of the Shilla era

Water, Nature & People SPRING 2007 Vol.9 Published by the Korea Water Resources Corporation _ March 17, 2007 Design Luck’s Way Edit. Co., LTD. Inquiries & Application (8242)6292236/Email:[email protected] ‘Water, Nature&People’ is K-water’s Quarterly magazine for overseas countries. ● SCENERY OF WATER Series of Korea's Five Greatest Rivers 1

The Seomjin River is a river derived from Daemisaem at the lower edge of Palgongsan (1151m in height), the boundary of Jinan-gun and Jangsoo-gun of Jeollabuk-do. This river runs through Jinan, Imsil and Goksung, and continues to flow southeast after being joined by Yocheon in Namwon. Finally, it runs into the Boseong River at Aprok-myeon of Sooncheon-si. When it enters into the land of Goorye of Jeollanam-do, it brings together all of rivulets running through clean villages of the south of Jirisan, and at the point of Hadong, it reaches Gwangyang cleaving the boundary of Gyeongsang-do and Jeolla-do, and finally slips through Galsa-man to be part of the sea. Ranked the 9th longest river in Korea, the Seomjin River is called the river of Hadong even though it runs through many country regions. This is because the river rising from Palgongsan becomes neither wide nor deep enough until it reaches Whagae-myeon of Hadong-gun after passing through Toji-myeon of Goorye- gun. It gives the authentic appearance as a great river only at this point. A great river is supposed to give plenty of benefits to people. As you see in other large-scaled rivers, the Seomjin River harbored bulk ships and huge markets at its lower edge. Though shrinking into itself, Hadong village market had given great reputation as one of the top 10 largest village markets in the Joseon Dynasty. And thanks to its abundant water resources, it played a backdrop of an epic novel named 'The Land' written by Park, Gyeong-li.

Seomjin River, a spring-heralding river

By Nam, Jeong-woo Photographer of a journey

04 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 Seomjin River spring春

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 05 The Seomjin River with the legend of toads The way to‘ Daemisaem’, its source of flowing The mouth of the Seomjin River boasts a vast There is a Korean adjective 'Moojinjang, meaning that it sand soil field; its sands are very fine and high- is 'very abundant, infinite number of things'. The word quality. It was a river with plenty of sands in the stemmed from the jargon of Buddhism, meaning to 'show Baekje era, and it had once been called endless mercy'. However, it is currently used as the first Sacheon(sand stream). The character of 'Seom' meaning. The word was composed of three initials of found in the name of the Seomjin River is the Moojoo, Jinan and Jangsoo, three mountain villages of Chinese character meaning 'toad'. It was because of Jeollabuk-do, and has been used as the meaning of 'way too two old legends. much, abundantly and a great deal of'. The first legend is as follows. At the end of the Since a long time ago, Moojinjang has been considered one of Goryeo Dynasty during the reign of King Woo the deepest hinterlands in the South. It is surrounded by a (1385), Japanese piracy was at its peak. The pirates range of mountains to become a secluded area full of unique were often coming up Gwangyang-man and the mountain village cultures. From the innermost spot of this Seomjin River. Once, they tried to go across the mountain rise two branches of the Geum-River and the river in the side of Hadong. At that moment, the Seomjin River. Of the two, Seomjin River flows back to millions of toads residing in Seomgeo of Jinsang- DaemiSam at the lower edge of Palgongsan, Shinam-li, myeon had all come out and croaked scaring them Baekwoon-myeon, Jinan-gun of Jeollabuk-do. away. In other words, the noise of toads delivered 'Daemi' in the indigenous word meaning 'a mountain peak'. the village; and from then on, the name of the river It is also called 'Celestial Daemi', which means that listed up has been Seomjin. to the heaven from the Seomjin River. It felt as if searching The second legend is also a very funny story, hap- for the deepest hinterland to trace the path towards pening at the same historic period at the end of the Daemisaem. It can be reached only after passing by divine Goryeo Dynasty with the peak of Japanese piracy. mysterious Maisan which looks like two ears of a horse, trav- The Korean soldiers were running from the elling through a small number of remote mountain villages, Japanese and reached Seomjin Naru, but there was and climbing over mountain ridges several times. Despite the no ship found in the river and they were in danger. curiosity how other outer people can find this hindmost At that moment, the Toads appeared on the river mountain area, it is known to be a popular venue for many and formed a bridge with their bodies and let them explorers thanks to its reputation as the origin of the Seomjin across. When the Japanese tried to cross them the River. Since it has not so much in the amount of water in toads subsided into the river with all of Japanese comparison to Geomryongso, the source of the Han River or soldiers drowning. Hwangji Pond, the source of the Nakdong River, it is very mysterious that this small spring is the mother of such a vast river. The locals seem to take great pride in having such a famous root of the river.

06 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 Korea's most scenic river in the spring seasonal view Korean's representative literature named 'The Land'. It is In spring, the daybreak of the Seomjin River begins a good idea to enjoy the harmonious view of the river with fog. Silent fog is chased around to the dancing and stretched fields after climbing over Gososeong of winds, and mountain villages and all sides of the moun- Akyang, but if it is too laborious to climb up the steep tain are filled with mysterious ambiance. It renders a path, it is also recommended to peek into the view over bizarre enchantment; cool but cozy, invisible but the ice- the fence of the house of Choi Champan in Pyeongsa-ri. breaks in your heart. The sunrise daybreak of the There is one more thing not to be missed out in the Seomjin River always makes my heart palpitate with joy. Seomjin River. It is the Marsh clam soup. Marsh clam is Whenever under the weather and feeling weary, I drive a fresh water clam 2-5cm in size, living in the river with to the Seomjin River. So, the river is the healing river for the influx of sea water. It had once been common around me. the country, including the Seomjin River, the Nakdong- Spring endows the Seomjin River with the carpet of pic- River and the Yoengsan-River, but it is disappearing in turesque flowers. The river is surrounded by all kinds of other river areas with the exception of the Seomjin River. full blossoms, and villages of blossom hold flower gala It is served in clear broth topped with leeks, and its taste attracting people to enjoy the stunning spectacle of the is deep, palatable and fresh. The king crab and raw river front view. The riverside become usually packed sweetfish are the major dishes of the river, alluring gour- with tourist cars in the weekends of the spring time. It met travelers. The spring of the Seomjin River is starts from Cornus officinalis of Sandong Village in pompous and abundant. The river with full blossom in Goorye, followed by ume flowers of Da-ap Village in March is the exemplary scenic venue to symbolize the Gwangyang. When the river finally sees the full cherry beauty of Korean rivers. blossoms of Whagaedongcheon Sipli Road, the river area turns into castles of flowers. Furthermore, when the gen- tle touch of spring rain is landed, it feels like bathing in the dream with the shower of floating flowers. The lower edge of the Seomjin River is also a travelling destination full of aromatic scent. The aroma of trees in the 1000 year old time-honored temples of Cheoneunsa, Hwaeomsa, Yeongoksa and Ssanggyesa; the vague tea scents of Whagaedongcheon; and the floral balms are well blend- ed. The Seomjin River warms up the frozen body, and gives delightful facial expressions to the people. Pyeongsa-ri of Handong served as the setting of

蟾津江

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 07 ● SCENERY OF WATER World Wide Water

By Yun, Chang-ho Photographer of a journey

Lake Titicaca, the Mother of the Inca Empire

Lake Titicaca is the highest commercially navigable lake in the world, as well as being the largest freshwater lake in South America. Located in the Altiplano high in the Andes on the border of Peru and Bolivia, Lake Titicaca is steeped in Latin American tradition. It is the mirror that reflects modern life ruled by time and money.

08 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 Lake Titicaca: the Place That Created the Inca Civilization

The eye-catching civilization of Inca is stained with a bloody history. It is said that when Spanish conquistadors reached Inca territory in the 13th century, they were absolutely stunned by the great civilization. Then, in 1533, Francisco Pizarro captured Atahualpa, the then

The Scenery of world king of Inca, in Cajamarca, a city located in the northern highlands of Peru. Atahualpa paid Pizarro a ransom of gold enough to fill the room in which he was imprisoned. However, Pizarro put Atahualpa to death, advanced toward Cuzco, and destroyed everything but gold. At the time the Inca Empire was the biggest country in South America. The Empire arose from Lake Titicaca around the 12th century B.C. The administrative, political, and military center of the Empire was in Cuzco. In its heyday the Empire was a large dominion with a population of 25 million, governing large parts of modern southern Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Northern Chile, and some parts of Argentina.

Lake Titicaca

Titicaca-Bound Highland Trains

In order to go to Lake Titicaca, first you have to go to the Puno Region of Peru. I had been waiting at a train station without even a waiting room. At last a train arrived and the porters got busy. I hopped on the train, and then the train started moving slowly at the crew's whistle. Soon the noise of the station died away, and I was enchanted by the fields on the outskirts of Cuzco. The reddish farmhouses standing on the outer edge of the vast plains reminded me of the familiar Korean countryside decades ago. Here and there were short Incans with beautiful traditional dresses herding flocks of sheep and horses-the ancient exotica of the highlands untouched by modern civilization. I felt as if I had taken a time machine to visit the Inca Empire of thousands of years ago shrouded in the mysteries surrounding the rise and fall of the Empire.

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 09 The native people still catch fish on the lake and plough the fields; they are the mirror that reflect our lives and make us reflect on our lives.

Puno, the Land to Which the Gods of Heaven Came

Just before the train reached Puno, the final destination, it was running along Lake Titicaca. Some of the passengers awoke to exclaim in delight at the scene. I had never seen a lake as clear and blue as that one. With the sunset clearly visible, the sky and clouds reflected on the lake looked beautiful, mystical, and even sacred. The travelers by the windows pressed the camera shutters to take the pictures of the fishing boats passing among theTiticaca dense reed beds. Looking at the constant flow of the blue water was as refreshing as having a soft drink.

It was not until around 9 p.m. that the train arrived at Puno Station. Puno is said to be the birthplace of Manco Capac, the first king of the Inca Kingdom. It is Peru's holy land where the Gods of Heaven are believed to have come. The heat of the midday had given way to a chill, and I had to wear a long-sleeved shirt and a jumper. The marketplace was crowded with people. Various goods were so abundant in the market that I could not believe that Peru had long been suffering from civil unrest and a flagging economy. People were swarming around the restaurants that serve for only one dollar fare too heavy for one serving and the street food vendors with almost all kinds of delicious looking food.

10 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 Those Who Rely on Lake Titicaca for Their Lives

The great drops of rain that had been falling from the overcast sky early in the morning stopped suddenly. As the boat began to slide across the lake, the sun shone in the clear sky. The passengers, their faces lit up, got out of the cabin to chat and admire the scenery. Lake Titicaca has a maximum length of 190km, a maximum width of 64km, and a maximum depth of 280m; its vast- ness is such that it might be called the sea. It could be described as nothing but the mystery of nature that such a lake exists in the highlands about 4,000m above sea level.

The lake has several islands inhabited by Indios. One of the most notable islands in the lake is the Uros, a group of artificial islands made of floating reeds. Piled up for a long time, the layer of the reeds is over 10m thick. It remains an enigma how some Indios came to live there. There is a theory that the first settlers of the Uros were the political refugees of the Inca Empire. Anyway, the inhabitants of the Uros, who have been piling the reeds for hundreds of years to live on the island, encourage us to cherish the long-forgotten tradition and the life of those who maintain it.

The Indios live in huts made of reed on the 400 square meter island. Their major sources of income are fishing and selling handmade souvenirs; they cannot depend solely on the meager government grants. There are many other islands in Lake Titicaca where the Indios have kept their own way of life. Though the tourists who have descended on the lake have brought about a considerable change in their lifestyle, the native people still catch fish on the lake and plough the fields; they are the mirror that reflect our lives and make us reflect on our lives.

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 11 ● SCENERY OF WATER World Festival in Water

By Lee, Ji-sang Photographer of a journey

Thingyan ; the Water Festival That Gives Myanmar People an Outlet for Their Energy

Festivals can be an escape from the routine drudgery of life. They are a means of catharsis which gives you an outlet for your energy that has been sapped

12 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 by reason and the norms of civilized society. Thingyan, a festival of Myanmar, is one of them.

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 13 Soaking Wet for Happy New Year

Every country has a festival to see in the New Year. Unlike most countries where people spend the New Year having delicacies and wishing one another the best of luck, Myanmar's new year is a time of water, dance, and songs. Having no idea what the Myanmar festival is like, I reached Yangon, the capital of Myanmar. Then I went downtown on a truck without a canopy. Although the city was rather underdeveloped, the scene was quiet, peaceful, and relaxing. Then suddenly a bag filled with water went flying toward me. And another, Bam! One of them hit me right in the face. I got dazed and quickly soaked through, but I made sure my camera was not wet by holding my backpack in my arms. I didn't know who was throwing them or why they were doing it. When I entered a guest house completely taken aback, the hotel manager said chuckling,“ Welcome to Yangon. Getting soaking wet will give you a happy New Year. The Water Festival begins tomorrow.”

The Frenzy of Thingyan

The next morning I went into the street with my camera tightly wrapped in sheets of plastic. Already there were people pouring water at passing cars and pedestrians through rubber hoses on sidewalks and roads. People passed by the water cannon willingly to enjoy the cold water. After seeing the sight for some time trying hard to avoid getting hit with water, I went to the square in front of the Yangon City Hall, where a frenzied festival was taking place.On the big stage were dancing girls with traditional Myanmar dresses, and in front of the platform scores of people were pouring water in the air from hoses. The young people, passing by in trucks, tricy- cles, and cars, were going crazy dancing and shouting as if they had been dying for this day. In the gush of water they flushed with excitement. Not only the square but all over Yangon was going crazy. Everywhere water was spouting, the roads heavily congested, and youngsters weaving in and out of the traffic in rented trucks. The youngsters threw bags of water at the crowd at random, and the streets were crowded with people carrying bags of water. It was an exciting battle against everyone; people threw water bags at one another, giggling. Some lit- tle boys poured water on women's heads and necks, and some mischievous boys even hit some women walking by on the buttocks with gourds. I was no exception; I had woman pour water on my back while I was having noodles sold by a street ven- dor. I snatched the gourd from her, put some water from a nearby jar, and poured it on her back. It was a lot of fun so I continued pouring water to anybody. There were water and gourds everywhere. And I bought some water bags, flung them at the people on the trucks, and then I hopped in a Jeep. The Jeep moved in front of the platform in the city hall square. Hearing that I came from Korea, the young men began shouting“ Korean!”and I got caught in the crossfire of water. I felt a dull pain in my nose and breathless, but it was an excellent experience for relieving stress.

Change Over to Start a New Life

Thingyan is a Myanmar word that means 'change over' and that originated from 'Thitau', a Sanskrit word. It means to wash away things which are time-worn,

14 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 impure, and ugly. Pouring water on one another signifies clearing them of old things and praying for God's blessing. That's why nobody gets angry if drenched by some- body. The Thingyan Festival has been held since the Bagan Era. The water from the Irrawaddy River flowing through Yangon was drawn to be used in the occasion of the court. It was originally a religious festival. It is said that during the festival, the god Thagyamin comes down to earth and judges the conduct of humans. 'The water battle' is not the only occasion of the festival. In temples people clean the pagodas and Buddhist images, and wash the hair of the elderly. Thagyamin is Indra, the Hindu god of the storm, in Buddhism. Some pious worshippers accumulate vir- tuous deeds by meditation or benevolent acts.

Relieving Stress and Getting Ready for a Cool Summer

Thingyan is related with the climate of Myanmar as well. Around Thingyan the heat begins to grow, so the festival helps to stay healthy in hot weather. But the young people nowadays don't think about climate or religion very much; they just want to relieve stress. Myanmar is a socialist country ruled by the military. It is an extremely closed society, and notorious for the corrupt dictatorship. In general, the Myanmar people are politically naive, and their life is mostly monotonous and boring. Furthermore, they are under a lot of stress from political oppression, so they try to get rid of stress by drinking, dancing, singing, and throwing water bags at one another. In the night when the water battle is over, people dance and sing on the numerous stages in the street. On the stage in the city hall square local representatives have a singing&dancing contest. The traditional Myanmar dance is alluring. It looks like the Indian dance, but it has a very swift, exciting dance routine performed with almost all parts of the body--fingers, wrists, shoulders, chests, hips, buttocks, knees, toes, soles. When the following morning dawns, the water battle is waged again. The festival lasts three days in Yangon, and four days in the other parts of Myanmar. By tradition, on the last day of the festival, people take time to meditate, contemplate, and give offerings to Buddhist monks.

Recharge Your Batteries for Happy New Year

The day after the festival is New Year's Day in Myanmar. Myanmar during the festival is totally different from Myanmar after the festival. It gets scorching hot; wet lands become as dry as a bone, the boring routine begins. People who were in a frenzy of excitement become incredibly meek and mild. They seem to live very innocent and peaceful lives in such places as Yangon, about 40 % of which is surrounded with beautiful parks and lakes, and Bagan, a tranquil city covered in the glory of the ancient dynasty with splendid Buddhist pagodas. But they are full of enthusiasm again during the festival. There are many other festivals in the world, but none seems as frenzied and primitive as the water festival of Myanmar.

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 15 VIEW OF K-WATER ● STEP to Global Best 1

The Storm Water Drainage Construction Project for Valachchenai, Sri Lanka

By Sri Lanka seashore, one of the most devastated areas in the aftermath of the tsunami Lim, Gun-mook International Business Department

An Island of Splendor and Brilliance, Sri Lanka Sri Lanka is a beautiful, tropical island in the Indian Ocean located between the Equator and the Tropic of Cancer. Globally renowned for black tea, it is a heaven-blessed tourist destination with an unspoiled natural environment. The island is rich in natural resources. Indeed, the great ruby presented by King Solomon to the Queen of Sheba to win her heart around the 10th century B.C. was from Sri Lanka. It was just this beautiful island that had been ravaged by the tsunami that swept through much of the Indian Ocean in December 2004. Sri Lanka was completely without an efficient or scientific water resource management and disaster pre- vention system, and the damage was so severe that the Sri Lankan government has since asked the international commu- nity for assistance to establish one. In response, the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) decided to spon- sor the Storm Water Drainage Construction Project for Valachchenai, Sri Lanka.

K-water Helps Valachchenai Recover Leveraging its cutting-edge technology, K-water conducts water resource management projects all around the world as well as in Korea. Since October 2006, we have been pursuing the Storm Water Draining Construction Project for Valachchenai, with KOICA support. The objective of the project is to establish drainage facilities to prevent future flood damage in Valachchenai, In collaboration with a private company, K-water made a bid in an open public tender and won the project. K-water has 70% equity, and Daebo Construction has 30%. Valachchenai is located in Batticaloa, an eastern coastal city that suffered the brunt of the tsunami damage in December

16 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 The local existing drain in Valachchenai is clogged with daily garbage and polluted water.

K-water, a business leader to steer local enterprises deploying the advanced technology.

2004. Valachchenai had a main channel for discharge of sewage and rainwater, but it is now mostly clogged with domestic waste and earth and sand. It is woefully inadequate for its purpose. The storm drainage facilities had lost over 90% of their function during the tsunami disaster, but the greatest challenges are raising sufficient funds and securing necessary technology to restore the facilities and raising public awareness of the need for facility maintenance. K-water is undertaking the project while guiding local companies. Our main responsibilities include reviewing and improving designs and selecting constructors through bidding to help the local economy. We are also in charge of project management and supervision of construction to ensure flawless execution. Going forward, K-water plans to build a 20 km- long channel and dredge and expand some sections of the current channel. In addition, about 70 culverts and 20 grit cham- bers will be built, and six small bridges will be built and existing bridges repaired. When this project is completed in 2008, Valachchenai will have an effective rain water drainage system.

K-water Reaching Out to Local Residents Nearly all of Valachchenai residents are Muslims. They read the Koran and pray three times a day at village mosques. They eat rice mixed with curry or rice noodles by using the first joint of their right hands. Valachchenai is a quiet fishing village, and most the people are kind to foreigners. Every time the project team conducts on-site surveys, local villagers marvel at us, and we are naturally disarmed by their pure, innocent eyes. The International Business Department will spare no effort to successfully undertake this project in Sri Lanka to make Korea's excellent water resource technology known in Southwest Asia and secure more business opportunities for K-water.

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 17 VIEW OF K-WATER ● STEP to Global Best 2

Remarkable Technological Achievement Generation Integrated Operation System

By Hwang, In-kwang

Water Resources Operations Center Juam Dam from the air

Korea's First Remote Generation Integrated Operation System (GIOS) The Generation Integrated Operation System (GIOS) located at the K-water Head Office The cutting-edge IT technology enables GIOS System to remotely Control Center (HOCC) remotely operates the power generation and floodgate facilities of take control of the power genera- nine multi-purpose dams throughout Korea. It uses state-of-the-art information technology tor in the local site. and is the first integrated operation system in Korea for nationwide remote control and monitoring of hydroelectric power generators and floodgates. The Generation Integrated Operation System Development Plan was established in accor- dance with the Master Technology Advancement Plan devised in December 1998. In Phase 1, which continued from 2001 through June 2003, Daecheong Dam, Yongdam Dam, Namgang Dam, Andong Dam, and Imha Dam were put under GIOS control. In Phase 2, which was completed in December 2004, GIOS control was extended to Soyanggang Dam, Chungju Dam, Hapcheon Dam, and Juam Dam. The eight dams are now smoothly operated from the head office. The system allows K-water to remotely run 33 hydroelectric power generators with annual power generation capacity of 1 million kW and annual power generation of about 2.2 billion kWh.

18 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 State-of-the-art Technology by K-water _ GIOS GIOS largely consists of three parts: the Head Office Control Center (HOCC) for monitoring and control of power generators at nationwide, the Remote Data Acquisition Center (RDAC) for monitoring and control of facilities at each multi-purpose dam, and a telecom network connecting the two centers. GIOS Configuration Map

GIOS was independently developed by K-water and affords many outstand- ing advantages. First of all, GIOS has stabilized dam control through its three means of control. Facilities at each power plant are controlled and monitored by dual means of control by which the HOCC and RDAC are connected through a wired network. It has a main telecom network (DACOM) and a back-up telecom network (ATM). In the event of interruption of control through the wired network, the Direct Control Panel (DCP) allows for direct CDMA wireless control of each plant by the Programing Logical Controller (PLC). This triple control configuration assures network sta- bility. Second, GIOS is extremely reliable because all major systems are dualized. In order to minimize service stoppage from a breakdown in the telecom network, there are two of every type of network system within GIOS. Dualization models used in SCADA and DB servers are also applied, widely considered the most robust of all dual systems. During normal operation, service is provided through the primary system. If a problem occurs in the primary system, service is automatically transferred to the secondary system. Third, GIOS facilitates information sharing with other systems. It can receive dam operation data from the real-time water management system of each dam and utilize information on power generation and floodgates. This system has wide applicability. Fourth, it enables data exchange and acquisition between systems because OLE for Process Control (OPC), the industrial standard, was used for system design and configuration,

System dualization

Expected Benefits, GIOS Unmanned remote integrated operation by GIOS promises tremendous benefits. Effective irrigation and flood control allows for more efficient water uti- lization, and state-of-the-art power generation technology and IT-based core technology maximize the efficiency of power generation. In addition, the change from a shift-based staffing system to a regular staffing system for operation and monitoring personnel and from a labor-intensive operation management system to a technology-driven system has greatly improved business management. Costs have been reduced as a result of the minimization of manpower and diversion of excess manpower to other functions. This, in turn, has created employment opportunities in new areas and rep- resents a significant contribution to the development of the national economy.

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 19 ● We learn wisdom from the flowing water. On the other side of those of us who have only VIEW OF K-WATER gone forward for the development and growth, there is a history of many conflicts. Now is Rendezvous with K-water people the time to pursue the value which is greater than development. Watching the phenome- non of narrow and shallow water gathering in a broad river, we realize that harmonious coexistence is the mission of this age. An organization was born to realize this mission. It is called (Water Resources Policy & Economy Research Institute). Let's meet these people who gather to realize the wisdom of water.

Dreaming About the‘Think Tank’and Realizing the Invisible Value of Coexistence Water Resources Policy & Economy Research Institute

By Lee, Hyeong-jong /Jeong, Gwang-won Senior Clerk / Photographer

Gweon, Hyoung-joon [Director], Kim, Sang-ryeol (Manager), Jo, Eun-chae (Assistant Manager) Kim, Shang-mun (Senior Researcher), Ju, Sung-yeal (Manager) , Park, Doo-ho (Senior Researcher) 20 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 The Preparation of a Rational Policy is the Cornerstone for Success When city water is not supplied to a home, a clean and convenient water system is the most important factor for a healthy and comfortable life, and the Water Resources Corporation's business, which is to provide that water, carries a big social responsibility as a government agency. Because making water systems and building dams are recognized as businesses for the national economy and people's lives, it could be easily accepted and conflicts with residents were not big obstacles. Along with the growth of the economy, the individual's benefits and needs are recognized as important, and the social conflicts for the Water Resources Corporation became restrictive factors. The best decision that can satisfy everybody may not exist, however, (Water Resources Policy Institute) believes that it is possible, and should make a satisfactory decision for everybody. Their role is now very important at this moment when it is needed to find rational success rather than reckless growth. (Water Resources Policy Institute) is trying to resolve the irrational factors by studying the policies and systems for rational water use and effective water management, also prepare the infrastructure to promote a new business by analyzing economic possibilities of each water resources business. Moreover, they will help to promote the water related businesses effectively without problems by preparing rational and trustworthy policies and will make a good foundation for Water Resources Corporation by developing a new high added-value water industry.

The future of K-water, led by 6 who will lead the changes Their manpower is absolutely the best. The people with sharp judgment and warm hearts are gathered here because this field requires professionalism, rational analysis, warm-heartedness, and the insight to see into the future. "It is of course a big responsibility. However, our members' passion and manpower is absolutely the best. We will make the policies that will lead to a brighter future." The director Gweon, Hyoung-joon in the research institute stated his strong passion and willingness with a smiling face. "Most of the employees at K-water are experts in the engineering field so it is their first experience with the political and economic fields which are the social and humanity fields." Senior researcher Park, Doo-ho couldn't hide his pleasure when he stated that even though there will be many difficulties; it will provide a sense of achievement by laying down the foundation. Manager Ju, Sung-yeol says that he will do his best for the Think Tank to lead the change, and manager Kim, Sang-ryeal says that he will make the most effective plan by considering environmental and social aspects with the proper business analysis, assistant manager Jo, Eun-chae says that she will help Water Resources Corporation to process the business without problem by making the rational plan with her soft charisma and the senior researcher Kim, Shang-mun says that he will lead the high additional value water industry by changing the recognition about the water all the members' passion is hot and strong. (Water Resources Policy Research Institute) considers the invisible value as important and builds a road that nobody walks. The future of K-water is behind all of them who become more luminous when their work is harder and gives them heavy responsibility.

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 21 ● SPOT K-water K-water NEWS

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Contract for the Development of The First Environmental the Deep Water off the Coast of Declaration of Product Certificate Gangneung for City-water in Korea On Jan. 10, K-water and The city water produced by K- Gangneung City (Mayor Choi water's Gosan Water Treatment Myeonghee) signed a contract to Plant received the first develop the deep water off the Environmental Declaration of coast of Gangneung. As a result of The New K-water Website Products in Korea. This system cal- this opportunity, K-water was able The K-water website, which effec- culates the resources that are used to occupy the position of technical tively advertised the company in the life cycle and the environ- superiority in the deep water field online, was remodeled in March, mental pollution factors that are which is the clean water resource 2007. The new site reduces the discharged and the certificate also in the 21st Century, and could give amount of duplicated contents by declares its effect on the environ- impetus to a new developmental reflecting the new trend through ment. K-water stated 'we will engine by dividing the business simple organization, so it will per- apply EDP certification program to field into various fields. At the form an important role as the main the all treatment plants' with a same time, Gangneung City can medium to provide reliable infor- strong will. enjoy the development of the vari- mation, and to advertise the mis- ous local resources. sion, strategies, and business inno- vation of K-water. (www.kwater.or.kr)

22 ∷∷ Water, nature and people ▶ 2007 * 05 * 06

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Received the Gold Medal in Cycling during the Asian Games Promoting the Validity Research K-water players received good for the Water Construction scores during the Asian Games, Business in Hoa Binh, Vietnam which was held last December in K-water participated in the validity Doha, Qatar. Hwang, Yin-hyeok, research for the water construction who is a prop of the K-water cycle business in Cao Phong Luong Son, team received the bronze medal in Hoa Binh of Vietnam as the first The World's Largest Centrifugal the individual game on the 10th, business for the EDCF (Economic Experimental Model Center and he received a gold medal in Development Corporation Fund). The K-water built and started the the group game on the 12th. Our purpose of this business, which largest centrifugal experimental cycle team who has one year of was ordered by Export-Import model center in the Water experience as a professional team Bank of Korea and which will be Resources Research Institute at the showed their fine ability in the completed by March 15, 2007, is to Daedeok Institution Complex in Asian Games and contributed to research the validity of construct- Daejeon. The ground based cen- achieve the Korean goal which was ing two pumping plants, 4 distri- trifugal model tester can be 2nd Place in the Asian Games. bution plants, and water pumps. equipped with a 7.5ton model. We will participate in researching Also, the test accuracy has been the water system in Vietnam and greatly increased with the 8m long engineers will participate in inter- arm. The center was built over a 20 national business which will month period with a 10 billion won become the foundation for us to research budget and it made rapid participate in designing and super- progress of Korean construction vising this business in the future. techniques through the advanced techniques in large-scale construction and environmental project and the infra structure for large-scale construction.

2007 ◀ Water, nature and people ∷∷ 23 Art Treasure of Korea Water

www.kwater.or.krNature| 2007 SPRING & People

Cheonmachong Gold Crown of the Shilla era

* * * This is one of the gold crowns created during the Shilla dynasty, now designated as National Treasure No. 188. Including this gold crown, Cheonmado(wall painting of celestial horse) was excavated from Cheonmachong along with a great bulk of relics such as bracelets and accessories. This gold crown is a typical crown of the Shilla era, with a height of 32.5cm. It was regarded as a more mysterious one as it was found on the head of a dead body in the tomb. There are 3lines rendered in the form of San(山-mountain) on top of the front broad band, and 2lines in the shape of antlers, which reveal its lofty and glorious profile. The entire body of this gold crown is beautifully embellished along with circular gold plates and curved jades with gold wires drooping down, gold plate embellishments tightly interwoven, and 2strings of leaf-shaped ornaments hanging from the crown. It serves to embody the quintessence of the delicate aesthetic sense of the Shilla era. * * *