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Bridging Science and Heritage in the Balkans’ Intends to Show That the Volume Is Part of This Effort Cover Palincaş and Ponta (eds) (eds) Palincaş and Ponta In a period when, particularly in the West, the study of archaeological remains is enriched through new methods derived from the natural sciences and when there is general agreement on the need for more investment in the study, restoration and conservation of the tangible cultural heritage, this book presents contributions to these fields from South-Eastern Europe. Bridging Science and This region is characterised by a contrast between the rather limited development of the above scientific methods and the particularly rich and diverse material remains of its past societies, as well as by an obvious need to bring closer together traditionally-trained archaeologists with Heritage in the Balkans specialists in natural sciences interested in the research and conservation of ancient material remains. The title ‘Bridging Science and Heritage in the Balkans’ intends to show that the volume is part of this effort. Studies in archaeometry, cultural The departing point of Bridging Science and Heritage in the Balkans: Studies in archaeometry, cultural heritage restoration and conservation is the 5th Balkan Symposium of Archaeometry heritage restoration and conservation (25–29 September 2016, Sinaia, Romania), where most of the papers published here were presented in preliminary form. The contributors are specialists from South-Eastern Europe as well as from other European countries working there. Some chapters focus on methods (in the research of glass, restoration of stone monuments affected by contemporary graffiti, conservation by irradiation of organic materials such as wood and human and animal body Science and Heritage in the Balkans Bridging remains); most chapters present case studies (analyses of ceramics, metals, soils, wood anatomy, isotope-based reconstruction of human diet, ancient DNA, radiocarbon dating, technology assisted field survey, as well as restoration of paper and pigments); sometimes several methods are combined. The volume covers nearly all aspects of heritage sciences employed in this part of Europe. Nona Palincaş is senior researcher with the Vasile Pârvan Institute of Archeology of the Romanian Academy in Bucharest. Her research interests include both social archaeology (particularly gender, body practices, power, knowledge, agency and creativity in the south-east European Bronze and Iron Ages and in contemporary archaeology) and archaeometry (primarily radiocarbon dating and analysis of archaeological ceramics). She has conducted excavations in the pre- and protohistoric settlement at Popeşti (Romania), the Late Iron Age habitation of which was identified with Argedaon/Argedava − the residence of the father of the Dacian king Burebista. In various publications she has pleaded for stronger development of archaeological theory and of archaeometry in Romania and in South-Eastern Europe in general. Corneliu C. Ponta, PhD, chemical engineer, has worked for more than 40 years at the Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH) in Măgurele, Romania. He established, developed and led the IRASM Radiation Processing Centre – a department orientated to research and development, treatments, consulting, promotion and implementation of applications of gamma irradiation. Among these the disinfection of cultural heritage by gamma irradiation is now an accepted conservation alternative in Romania. Recently he contributed to the book Uses of Ionizing Radiation for Tangible Cultural Heritage Conservation (IAEA, Radiation Technology Series No. 6, 2017). edited by Nona Palincaş and Corneliu C. Ponta Archaeopress Archaeology www.archaeopress.com Palincas cover new.indd 1 21/03/2019 12:48:12 Bridging Science and Heritage in the Balkans: Studies in archaeometry, cultural heritage restoration and conservation edited by Nona Palincaş and Corneliu C. Ponta Archaeopress Archaeology Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Summertown Pavilion 18-24 Middle Way Summertown Oxford OX2 7LG www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978-1-78969-196-2 ISBN 978-1-78969-197-9 (e-Pdf) © Authors and Archaeopress 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Printed in England by Oxuniprint, Oxford This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Contents Foreword ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������iii Multiple Investigation Methods Combined Micro- and Macroarchaeology – How Can the Two Be Combined? ������������������������������������������������������������������ 1 Ulrike Sommer, Silvia Amicone and Elena Chernysheva Archaeometry and Individual Biographies: Evidence from Radiocarbon Dating, Isotope-Based Diet Reconstruction and Metal Composition from the 14th-17th-Century Cemetery in Bărăşti (Southern Romania) �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������16 Nona Palincaş, Corina Anca Simion, Gabriela Odilia Sava, Oana Gâza, Tiberiu Bogdan Sava, Bogdan Constantinescu (†), Daniela Stan and Maria Mihaela Manea Radiocarbon Dating Case Studies on the Radiocarbon Dating of Bronze Age Cremation Burials in Hungary ��������������������������������29 János Dani, Kitti Köhler, Gabriella Kulcsár, István Major, Eszter Melis, Róbert Patay, Géza Szabó, Tamás Hajdu, István Futó, Róbert Huszánk and Viktória Kiss Revisiting the Radiocarbon-Based Chronology of the Wietenberg Culture (Middle Bronze Age Transylvania): A Debate of Supra-Regional Relevance �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������38 Nona Palincaş, Mihai Rotea, Tiberiu Bogdan Sava, Gabriela Odilia Sava, Oana Gâza, Monica Bodea and Constantin David Archaeological-Historical Information and Radiocarbon Dating: Problems of the Late Bronze-Early Iron Age Chronology of the Carpathian-Danubian-Balkan Region �����������������������������������������������������������������52 Attila László Radiocarbon Dating of the Wooden Church in Borovineşti (Southern Romania, 19th Century): An Attempt to Elucidate the History of the Church ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������64 Corina Anca Simion, Nona Palincaş, Gabriela Odilia Sava, Oana Gâza, Iuliana Mădălina Stanciu, Tiberiu Bogdan Sava, Doru Gheorghe Păceşilă, Iulia Anania and Laurenţiu Dragomir Archaeometallurgy Compositional Analysis of the Agighiol Hoard: Provenance and Possible Links to Pieces in the Detroit Institute of Arts and the NYC Metropolitan Museum of Art ���������������������������������������������������������������������������72 Bogdan Constantinescu (†), Daniela Stan, Angela Vasilescu and Mircea Babeş Ceramics Compositional Analysis of the White and Red Colours in the Chalcolithic ‘Sanctuary’ at Căscioarele-‘Ostrovel’ Tell (Southern Romania, c� 4800-4550 cal BC) �������������������������������������������������������������81 Radu-Alexandru Dragoman, Maria-Mihaela Manea, Radu Florin Andrei, Dragoş Alexandru Mirea, Mădălina Răvar, Corina Anca Simion and Mihai Straticiuc Archaeometric Studies of Boian Pottery from Nanov-‘Vistireasa 3’ (Teleorman County, Romania, c� 4800-4500 cal BC) ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������92 Vasile Opriș, Dragoș Alexandru Mirea, Radu Florin Andrei, Mihai Straticiuc, Corina Anca Simion, Ioana Stănculescu, Lucreția Miu and Laurențiu Dincă i Glass Glass Analysis in Relation to Historical Questions ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������103 Žiga Šmit Paper and Pigments A Decorated Islamic Manuscript from the Ottoman Turkish Period: Paper Characterisation, Dating and Conservation ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������110 Maja Kostadinovska, Irena Naumovska, Zorica Jakovleska Spirovska and Tatijana Kančevska Smičkovska The Micro-Chemical and Spectroscopic Study of Component Materials in 18th-and 19th- Century Printed Holy Books ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������115 Maja Kostadinovska, Orhideja Grupče, Zorica Jakovleska Spirovska and Biljana Minčeva Šukarova DNA Analysis DNA Analysis of the Human Remains Found in a Cucuteni Ritual Pit in Eastern Romania (4100-3800 cal BC) ��� 118 Neculai Bolohan, Florica Măţău, Mitică Ciorpac and Dragoş Lucian Gorgan Archaeometric Field Research Methods The Boyadzhik Concession Area: the Use of GIS Technology in the Protection of Cultural Heritage ����������124 Todor Valchev and Stefan Bakardzhiev Heritage Restoration and Conservation Methods Laser-Assisted Removal of Graffiti Paint on Stone: Potential Use in the Restoration of Cultural Heritage Monuments �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������131 Victoria Atanassova, Ivan Kostadinov, Peter Zahariev and Margarita Grozeva Cultural Heritage Disinfection by Irradiation �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������140 Corneliu C. Ponta Nuclear Techniques in Preservation
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