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f 998 National Onion (and other Allium) Research Conference Sacramento, California, USA and Information Center y University of California, Davis http:flvricMCdavis.edu .' •■ ..•■(•. '•■ •. : ^*5M . I^SRI Organizing Committee AI Burkett, Seminis Vegetable Seeds Roy "Tule" Kreizenbeck, Rio Colorado Seeds, Inc. Tom Ikesaki, Empire Research David Visher, Vegetable Research and Information Center, UCD Kitty Schlosser, Vegetable Research and Information Center, UCD Ron Voss, Vegetable Crops Department, UCDavis (Chair) Sponsors f Asgrow Vegetable Seeds Basic Vegetable Products Christopher Ranch m Colusa Produce Company Crookham Seed Company De Francesco Company & Sons, Inc. Emerald Seed Company Empire Research m Gilroy Festival Foods, Gilroy CA Gilroy Foods . Onion World Magazine **■ Rio Colorado Seed Company Rio Farms Seed Dynamics, Inc. Seminis Vegetable Seeds Shamrock Seed Company Snow Seed Company Sunseeds PROGRAM and ABSTRACTS p National Onion (and other Allium) Research Conference December 10-12,1998 Sacramento, California .;. 7 WEDNESDAYDecembet 9 . ,„. 5 - 7:00 p.m. Conference Registration at the Radisson Hotel in the Hospitality Suite, Room 121 _ £5f THURSDAY,December 10 .i, ; £-- 7:00 a.m. Conference Registration and Continental Breakfast in the Conference Center - Pavilion Room f" 8:00 am. Opening, Welcome - Conference Center - Room 302 ORAL PRESENTATIONS Session 1A: Breeding and Genetics - Conference Center - Room 302 8: IS a.m. History and pedigree of publicly-released onion germplasm in the United States during the 20th _ century - LL. Goldman and M J. Havey, Department of Horticulture, and USDA-ARS, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (1) 8:45 am. Cytoplasms used commercially to produce hybrid onion - M J. Havey, USDA. ARS. Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (2) „ 9:00 a.m. The USDA onion breeding program: new releases and new directions - M.J. Havey, USDA, ARS, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (3) 915 a.m. Onion breeding for the dehydration industry in Argentina - Claudio R. Galmarini. La Consulta. Mendoza, Argentina and Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (4) TO 9:30 am. Screening of onions for ability to produce large, mild bulbs in New York - B. L, Phillips, L. A. Ellcrbrock, and A. Pappas. Department of Fruit and Vegetable Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (5) 9:45 a.m.: Break - Conference Center - Pavillion Room Session IB: Breeding and Genetics (Continued) - Conference Center - Room 302 10: IS am. Onion breeding research at New Mexico State University - Christopher S. Cramer. Marisa M. Wall and Joe N. Corgan, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, New Mexico State University, New Mexico (6) 1S3- 10:45 a.m. Analyses of recombinant Allium cepa x A. fisiulosum backcross individuals - Anfu Hou, Ellen B. 1 Pcfiley, Department of Plant & Soil Science. Texas Tech University (7) 11:00 am Estimation of quantitative trait loci controlling solid content, pungency, and antiplatelet activity of onion (Allium cepa L.) - Claudio R. Galmarini, I Goldman, and M. J. Havey. USDA-ARS and Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (8) U:l5a.m. RFLP and FISH analysis of advanced backcrosses of in Allium interspecific hybrid (Allium cepax Allium fistulosum) to Allium cepa - Eduardo Villanueva-Moiqueda and Michael J. Havey, USDA-ARS and frr Department of Horticulture. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Wisconsin (9) 11:30 a.m. Molecular-facilitated selection of maintainer lines in onion • All Fuai Cokce and Michael J. Havey. USDA-ARS and Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (10) 11:45 a.m. Transformation of onion (Allium cepa L.) - Eady C.C., R.J. Weld, and C.E. Lister, New Zealand Institute o#i for Crop and Food Research Ltd . Christchurch, New Zealand (11) 12 noon. Lynclj- Conference Center - Pavillion Room and Room 304 "^ University of California. Davu Program Page I Session 1C: Breeding and Genetics (Continued) - Conference Center - Room 302 1:00 p.m. Direct somatic organogenesis induced on mature onion ovaries or flowers - Bonn Bohanec, Zlaia Lulhar, University of Ljubljana. Biotechitical Faculty, Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Breeding, Jamnikarjeva. Slovenia (12) 1:15 p.m. Molecular analysis of cytoplasmic diversity in leek - Danicla Lopez Uitc and Michael J. Havcy. USDA- ARS and Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (13) 1:30 p.m. First report on storage longevity and genetic diversity of the USDA garlic (A. salivum) collection - Richard llannan and Barbara Hellicr, USDA-ARS. Western Regional Plant Introduction Station, Washington State University, Pullman. Washington (14) 1:4S p.m. Genetic diversity in garlic (AIlium salivum L) as assessed by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) - Meryem Ipek and Philipp W. Simon, USDA-ARS, Vegetable Crops, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (15) 2:00 p.m. Microprojectile bombardment of garlic, Allium sativum L. - J. Michele Myers and Philipp W. Simon, USDA-ARS, Vegetable Crops. Department or Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (16) Session 2: Seed Production - Conference Center - Room 302 2:15pm The effects of hybrid onion floral characteristics on honey bee activity - Bill B. Dean and Erin M. Silva, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture. Washington Stale University, Prosser, Washington (17) 2:30 p.m. Onion seed production in the lower Sacramento Valley - Mike Murray and Ron Voss, Farm Advisor/County Director, University of California-Cooperative Extension. Colusa County and Vegetable Specialist. University of California. Davis (18) 2:45 p.m. Effect of harvest practices on seed quality of three onion hybrid varieties - Ron Von. Mike Murray. Kent Bradford, Herb Phillips. Jim Thompson, Vegetable Specialist, University of California-Cooperative Extension, Colusa County, Vegetable Crops Department, Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department. University of California, Davis (19) 3:00 p,m.; Break - POSTER SESSION-|r- Conference Center - Pavillion Room Session 3A: Flavor, Human Health and Nutrition - Conference Center - Room 302 3:30 p.m A review of the regulation of sulfur metabolism and its effect on quality in onions and garlic - Jane E. Lancaster, Martin L Shaw. Meeghan D. Pilher, Julie P. Farrant and John A. McCallum. New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research. Chrisichurch. New Zealand (20) 3:45 p.m. Nitrogen and its interaction with sulfur will affect onion flavors • William M. Handle, Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (21) 4:00 p.m. Probing further into the nature of onion flavor development during storage - David E. Kopsell and William M. Randle, University of Georgia, Department of Horticulture, Athens, Georgia (22) 4:15 p.m. Juice extraction methods make difference in pungency estimation of onion - Brian K. Hamilton, Kil Sun Yoo. and Leonard M. Pike. Vegetable Improvement Center. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station. Texas (23) 4:30 p.m. Considerations for implementing pungency field testing and its practical implications - William M. Randle, D.E. Kopsell, DA Kopsell, Department of Horticulture. University of Georgia. Athens. Georgia (24) 4:45 p.m. Development of an automated system for pyruvic acid analysis • Kil Sun Yoo and Leonard M Pike. Vegetable Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (25) 5:00 p.tpi Adjourn 6:00 p.m. Busses leave for Banquet 6:30 • 10 p.m. Banquet • Heidrick Ag History Center, Woodland Speaker • Irwin Goldman, "From Pharaohs to Free Radicals: 5,000 Years of AJIiums and Human Well-Being" Univcnity ofCttiTomia, Davn Program Pigc 2 FBWAY, December 11 m 7:00 a.m. Conference Registration and Continental Breakfast in the Conference Center - Pavilion Room Session 3B: Flavor, Human Health and Nutrition (Continued) - Conference Center - Room 302 m 8:00 am A Comparison of Onion-induced Platelet Aggregation by Plasma or Whole Blood Aggregometry - , K. S. Orvis. C. R. Galmarini, I. L. Goldman and M. J. Havcy, University or Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin (26) 8:1S a.m. The forms of selenium delivered by onions to human diet • Dean A. Kopscll and William M. Randlc, University of Georgia, Dcpamnent of Honicullurc, Athens, Georgia (27) p, 8:30 a.m. Designing the ultimate onion for human health - Leonard Pike, Kil Sun Yoo. Roger Horn, and Carmen ; Lander, Vegetable Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (28) 8:45 a.m. Opportunities to market garlic based on health outcomes: alliin, a cholesterol-lowering compound ym - S.J. Sterling and DR. Eagling. Institute for Horticultural Development (Agriculture Victoria), Victoria, Australia (29) Session 4A: Pest Management - Conference Center - Room 302 m 9:00 a.m. Summary of white rot research presented at the 2"* Int. Symposium on Edible Alliaceae (1997, Australia), and at the 6th Int. Workshop on Allium White Rot (1998, Mexico) - Fred Crowe and Mary Ruth McDonald, Central Oregon Agr. Res. Center, Oregon Slate University. Madras Oregon and University of Guelph, Muck Crops Research Station, Kcilleby. Ontario, Canada (30) f™ 9:30 a.m. Screening onion lines for resistance to white rot (Sclerolium cepivorum) and onion maggot fly (Delia antiqua) - MHY llovius. MR McDonald, S Janse and K Vander Kooi.
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  • Triparental Origin of Triploid Onion, Allium

    Triparental Origin of Triploid Onion, Allium

    Fredotović et al. BMC Plant Biology 2014, 14:24 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/14/24 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Triparental origin of triploid onion, Allium × cornutum (Clementi ex Visiani, 1842), as evidenced by molecular, phylogenetic and cytogenetic analyses Željana Fredotović1, Ivica Šamanić1, Hanna Weiss-Schneeweiss2, Juraj Kamenjarin1, Tae-Soo Jang2 and Jasna Puizina1* Abstract Background: Reconstruction of the parental origins of cultivated plants from wild relatives, especially after long periods of domestication, is not a trivial task. However, recent advances in molecular phylogenetics, among other approaches, have proved to be very informative in analyses of the origin and evolution of polyploid genomes. An established minor garden crop, triploid onion Allium × cornutum (Clementi ex Visiani, 1842) (2n =3x = 24), is widespread in southeastern Asia and Europe. Our previous cytogenetic analyses confirmed its highly heterozygous karyotype and indicated its possible complex triparental genome origin. Allium cepa L. and Allium roylei Stearn were suggested as two putative parental species of A. × cornutum, whereas the third parental species remained hitherto unknown. Results: Here we report the phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacers ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 of 35S rDNA and the non-transcribed spacer (NTS) region of 5S rDNA of A.×cornutum and its relatives of the section Cepa. Both ITS and NTS sequence data revealed intra-individual variation in triploid onion, and these data clustered into the three main clades, each with high sequence homology to one of three other species of section Cepa: A. cepa, A. roylei, and unexpectedly, the wild Asian species Allium pskemense B. Fedtsh. Allium pskemense is therefore inferred to be the third, so far unknown, putative parental species of triploid onion Allium × cornutum.
  • Antimicrobial Activity Test of Genus Allium: a Review

    Antimicrobial Activity Test of Genus Allium: a Review

    Fadhilah Arifa et al. Int. Res. J. Pharm. 2020, 11 (12) INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY www.irjponline.com ISSN 2230 – 8407 Review Article ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF GENUS ALLIUM: A REVIEW Fadhilah Arifa, Anzharni Fajrina*, Aried Eriadi, Ridho Asra School of Pharmaceutical Science (STIFARM) Padang, Indonesia *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Article Received on: 4/12/20 Approved for publication: 31/12/20 DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1112102 ABSTRACT The genus Allium plants are often used by people as a food flavoring. These plants are also used for medicinal purposes. The genus Allium plants are known to inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites by having the Allicin, Ajoene main compounds, and secondary metabolites. This review article describes plants from the genus Allium that have antimicrobial potential. In the writing process, this review article used literature study techniques by finding literature in the form of official books, national journals, and international journals in the last 10 years (2010-2020). The literature search in writing this review article was conducted through online media search with keywords as follows: antimicrobial, Allium, and inhibition zone diameter. The search for the main references in this review article was done through Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Reserachgate, and other published journals. Some plants of the genus Allium such as Allium ascalonicum, Allium cepa, Allium chinense, Allium porrum, Allium roseum, Allium sativum, Allium staticiforme, Allium subhirsutum, Allium tuberosum, Allium tuncelianum, and Allium wallichii showed antimicrobial activity. The potential antimicrobial activity of each part of the plant depends on the solvent used, the concentration and levels of secondary metabolites contained therein.
  • Taufiq Hidayat

    Taufiq Hidayat

    Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) Vol. 3 No. 2 August, 2018: 66–71 Available online at http://journal.ugm.ac.id/jip DOI: doi.org/10.22146/ipas.26749 The Growth and Yield of Shallot ( Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) in Application of Beneficial Microorganisms T aufiq Hidayat 1, 2 , Prapto Yudono 1, Endang Sulistyaningsih 1*, Arif Wibowo 3 1Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora no. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 5528, Indonesia 2Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta JL. Brawijaya, Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta 55183 3Department of Phytopatholoy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora no. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 5528, Indonesia *Corresponding email: [email protected] Received: 19 th July 2017; Revised: 21 st March 2018; Accepted: 05 th May 2018 ABSTRACT Shallot ( Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) is one of the most widely utilized vegetables in Indonesia. Some technologies have been adapted to improve its productivity, e.g. the application of beneficial microorganisms. Mycorrhizal fungi, Trichoderma sp., and Bacillus thuringiensis as well as the combination of these microorganisms were applied on shallot cultivations. The experiment aims to investigate the effect of those microorganisms on the growth and yield of shallot. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with two treatment factors: (1) two shallot cultivars, Biru Lancor and Crok Kuning and (2) six beneficial microorganism treatments, i.e., control, mycorrhizae, Trichoderma sp., Bacillus thuringiensis , mycorrhizae and Trichoderma sp., combination, and those three microorganism combination. The objective was to study the effect of those microorganism application and their combination on the improvement of growth and yield of Crok Kuning and Biru Lancor cultivars.
  • Morphological, Cytological and Embryological Characterization of F1 A

    Morphological, Cytological and Embryological Characterization of F1 A

    ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA Series Botanica 57/2: 98–105, 2015 DOI: 10.1515/abcsb-2015-0025 MORPHOLOGICAL, CYTOLOGICAL AND EMBRYOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF F1 A. CEPA × A. ROYLEI HYBRIDS ALICJA CHUDA*, KAROLINA KŁOSOWSKA AND ADELA ADAMUS Unit of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland Received July 28, 2015; revision accepted November 17, 2015 In the previous study we obtained a population of interspecific F1 A. cepa × A. roylei hybrids. In this study, in comparison to the parental species: A. cepa and A. roylei, the F1 hybrids were evaluated in terms of plant mor- phology, pollen viability, microsporogenesis and female gametophyte. Most of the morphological characters of the F1 hybrids were intermediate as compared to those of both parental accessions. In pollen mother cells (PMCs) of the F1 hybrids abnormalities were observed in meiosis as well as at the tetrad stage. Pollen viability of F1 A. cepa × A. roylei hybrids was reduced to 30.1%. In the F1 hybrids, 45.8% of the analyzed ovules showed developmental disturbances, whereas in 26.7% of the ovules necrotic processes were observed. Key words: Allium cepa, A. roylei, embryo sac, interspecific hybrids, microsporogenesis, morpho- logical characters, pollen viability INTRODUCTION al., 2007). The first sexual hybridization between Allium cepa and A. fistulosum was reported by Interspecific hybridization has always been consid- Emsweller and Jones (1935). However, backcross- ered an important tool for broadening the genetic ing and successful introgression of desirable traits variation of cultivated Allium species (Kik, 2002; such as resistance to pink root and onion leaf blight, Chuda and Adamus, 2009).