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Bitcoin Tumbles As Miners Face Crackdown - the Buttonwood Tree Bitcoin Tumbles As Miners Face Crackdown
6/8/2021 Bitcoin Tumbles as Miners Face Crackdown - The Buttonwood Tree Bitcoin Tumbles as Miners Face Crackdown By Haley Cafarella - June 1, 2021 Bitcoin tumbles as Crypto miners face crackdown from China. Cryptocurrency miners, including HashCow and BTC.TOP, have halted all or part of their China operations. This comes after Beijing intensified a crackdown on bitcoin mining and trading. Beijing intends to hammer digital currencies amid heightened global regulatory scrutiny. This marks the first time China’s cabinet has targeted virtual currency mining, which is a sizable business in the world’s second-biggest economy. Some estimates say China accounts for as much as 70 percent of the world’s crypto supply. Cryptocurrency exchange Huobi suspended both crypto-mining and some trading services to new clients from China. The plan is that China will instead focus on overseas businesses. BTC.TOP, a crypto mining pool, also announced the suspension of its China business citing regulatory risks. On top of that, crypto miner HashCow said it would halt buying new bitcoin mining rigs. Crypto miners use specially-designed computer equipment, or rigs, to verify virtual coin transactions. READ MORE: Sustainable Mineral Exploration Powers Electric Vehicle Revolution This process produces newly minted crypto currencies like bitcoin. “Crypto mining consumes a lot of energy, which runs counter to China’s carbon neutrality goals,” said Chen Jiahe, chief investment officer of Beijing-based family office Novem Arcae Technologies. Additionally, he said this is part of China’s goal of curbing speculative crypto trading. As result, bitcoin has taken a beating in the stock market. -
Bitcoin Making Gold Redundant?
March 2021 Edition BloombergMarch 2021 GalaxyEdition Crypto Index (BGCI) Bloomberg Crypto Outlook 2021 Bloomberg Crypto Outlook Bitcoin Making Gold Redundant? `There's No Alternative' Tilting Toward Bitcoin vs. Gold, Stocks Bitcoin $40,000-$60,000 Consolidation and 60/40 Mix Migration Grayscale Bitcoin Trust Discount May Signal March to $100,000 Bitcoin Replacing Gold Is Happening -- A Question of Endurance Death, Taxes and Bitcoin Volatility Dropping Toward Gold, Amazon Worried About Bitcoin Sellers? They Appear Similar to 2017 Start 1 March 2021 Edition Bloomberg Crypto Outlook 2021 CONTENTS 3 Overview 3 60/40 Mix Migration 5 Rising Bitcoin Wave and GBTC 5 Bitcoin Is Replacing Gold 6 Bitcoin Volatity In Decline 7 Diminishing Bitcon Supply, Reluctant Sellers 2 March 2021 Edition Bloomberg Crypto Outlook 2021 Learn more about Bloomberg Indices Most data and outlook as of March 2, 2021 Mike McGlone – BI Senior Commodity Strategist BI COMD (the commodity dashboard) Note ‐ Click on graphics to get to the Bloomberg terminal `There's No Alternative' Tilting Toward Bitcoin vs. Gold, Stocks $100,000 May Be Bitcoin's Next Threshold. Maturation makes sense in the Bitcoin price-discovery process, but we see the upward trajectory more likely to simply stay the Performance: Bloomberg Galaxy Cypto Index (BGCI) course on rising demand vs. declining supply and an February +24%, 2021 to March 2: +77% increasingly favorable macroeconomic environment. Having February +40%, 2021 +64% Bitcoin met the initial 2021 threshold just above $50,000 and a $1 trillion market cap, the benchmark crypto asset is ripe to (Bloomberg Intelligence) -- Bitcoin in 2021 is transitioning stabilize for awhile, with $40,000 marking initial retracement from a speculative risk asset to a global digital store-of-value, support. -
Consent Order: HDR Global Trading Limited, Et Al
Case 1:20-cv-08132-MKV Document 62 Filed 08/10/21 Page 1 of 22 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK USDC SDNY DOCUMENT ELECTRONICALLY FILED COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING DOC #: COMMISSION, DATE FILED: 8/10/2021 Plaintiff v. Case No. 1:20-cv-08132 HDR GLOBAL TRADING LIMITED, 100x Hon. Mary Kay Vyskocil HOLDINGS LIMITED, ABS GLOBAL TRADING LIMITED, SHINE EFFORT INC LIMITED, HDR GLOBAL SERVICES (BERMUDA) LIMITED, ARTHUR HAYES, BENJAMIN DELO, and SAMUEL REED, Defendants CONSENT ORDER FOR PERMANENT INJUNCTION, CIVIL MONETARY PENALTY, AND OTHER EQUITABLE RELIEF AGAINST DEFENDANTS HDR GLOBAL TRADING LIMITED, 100x HOLDINGS LIMITED, SHINE EFFORT INC LIMITED, and HDR GLOBAL SERVICES (BERMUDA) LIMITED I. INTRODUCTION On October 1, 2020, Plaintiff Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“Commission” or “CFTC”) filed a Complaint against Defendants HDR Global Trading Limited (“HDR”), 100x Holdings Limited (100x”), ABS Global Trading Limited (“ABS”), Shine Effort Inc Limited (“Shine”), and HDR Global Services (Bermuda) Limited (“HDR Services”), all doing business as “BitMEX” (collectively “BitMEX”) as well as BitMEX’s co-founders Arthur Hayes (“Hayes”), Benjamin Delo (“Delo”), and Samuel Reed (“Reed”), (collectively “Defendants”), seeking injunctive and other equitable relief, as well as the imposition of civil penalties, for violations of the Commodity Exchange Act (“Act”), 7 U.S.C. §§ 1–26 (2018), and the Case 1:20-cv-08132-MKV Document 62 Filed 08/10/21 Page 2 of 22 Commission’s Regulations (“Regulations”) promulgated thereunder, 17 C.F.R. pts. 1–190 (2020). (“Complaint,” ECF No. 1.)1 II. CONSENTS AND AGREEMENTS To effect settlement of all charges alleged in the Complaint against Defendants HDR, 100x, ABS, Shine, and HDR Services (“Settling Defendants”) without a trial on the merits or any further judicial proceedings, Settling Defendants: 1. -
Cryptocurrency: the Economics of Money and Selected Policy Issues
Cryptocurrency: The Economics of Money and Selected Policy Issues Updated April 9, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45427 SUMMARY R45427 Cryptocurrency: The Economics of Money and April 9, 2020 Selected Policy Issues David W. Perkins Cryptocurrencies are digital money in electronic payment systems that generally do not require Specialist in government backing or the involvement of an intermediary, such as a bank. Instead, users of the Macroeconomic Policy system validate payments using certain protocols. Since the 2008 invention of the first cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies have proliferated. In recent years, they experienced a rapid increase and subsequent decrease in value. One estimate found that, as of March 2020, there were more than 5,100 different cryptocurrencies worth about $231 billion. Given this rapid growth and volatility, cryptocurrencies have drawn the attention of the public and policymakers. A particularly notable feature of cryptocurrencies is their potential to act as an alternative form of money. Historically, money has either had intrinsic value or derived value from government decree. Using money electronically generally has involved using the private ledgers and systems of at least one trusted intermediary. Cryptocurrencies, by contrast, generally employ user agreement, a network of users, and cryptographic protocols to achieve valid transfers of value. Cryptocurrency users typically use a pseudonymous address to identify each other and a passcode or private key to make changes to a public ledger in order to transfer value between accounts. Other computers in the network validate these transfers. Through this use of blockchain technology, cryptocurrency systems protect their public ledgers of accounts against manipulation, so that users can only send cryptocurrency to which they have access, thus allowing users to make valid transfers without a centralized, trusted intermediary. -
Eclipse Attacks on Bitcoin's Peer-To-Peer Network
Eclipse Attacks on Bitcoin’s Peer-to-Peer Network ∗ Ethan Heilman∗ Alison Kendler∗ Aviv Zohar† Sharon Goldberg∗ ∗Boston University †Hebrew University/MSR Israel Abstract While the last few years have seen extensive research We present eclipse attacks on bitcoin’s peer-to-peer net- into the security of bitcoin’s computational proof-of- work. Our attack allows an adversary controlling a suffi- work protocol e.g., [14, 29, 36, 37, 45, 49, 50, 52, 58, 60], cient number of IP addresses to monopolize all connec- less attention has been paid to the peer-to-peer network tions to and from a victim bitcoin node. The attacker can used to broadcast information between bitcoin nodes (see then exploit the victim for attacks on bitcoin’s mining Section 8). The bitcoin peer-to-peer network, which and consensus system, including N-confirmation double is bundled into the core bitcoind implementation, aka., spending, selfish mining, and adversarial forks in the the Satoshi client, is designed to be open, decentralized, blockchain. We take a detailed look at bitcoin’s peer- and independent of a public-key infrastructure. As such, to-peer network, and quantify the resources involved in cryptographic authentication between peers is not used, our attack via probabilistic analysis, Monte Carlo simu- and nodes are identified by their IP addresses (Section 2). lations, measurements and experiments with live bitcoin Each node uses a randomized protocol to select eight nodes. Finally, we present countermeasures, inspired by peers with which it forms long-lived outgoing connec- botnet architectures, that are designed to raise the bar for tions, and to propagate and store addresses of other po- eclipse attacks while preserving the openness and decen- tential peers in the network. -
The Bitcoin Trading Ecosystem
ArcaneReport(PrintReady).qxp 21/07/2021 14:43 Page 1 THE INSTITUTIONAL CRYPTO CURRENCY EXCHANGE INSIDE FRONT COVER: BLANK ArcaneReport(PrintReady).qxp 21/07/2021 14:43 Page 3 The Bitcoin Trading Ecosystem Arcane Research LMAX Digital Arcane Research is a part of Arcane Crypto, bringing LMAX Digital is the leading institutional spot data-driven analysis and research to the cryptocurrency exchange, run by the LMAX Group, cryptocurrency space. After launch in August 2019, which also operates several leading FCA regulated Arcane Research has become a trusted brand, trading venues for FX, metals and indices. Based on helping clients strengthen their credibility and proven, proprietary technology from LMAX Group, visibility through research reports and analysis. In LMAX Digital allows global institutions to acquire, addition, we regularly publish reports, weekly market trade and hold the most liquid digital assets, Bitcoin, updates and articles to educate and share insights. Ethereum, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash and XRP, safely and securely. Arcane Crypto develops and invests in projects, focusing on bitcoin and digital assets. Arcane Trading with all the largest institutions globally, operates a portfolio of businesses, spanning the LMAX Digital is a primary price discovery venue, value chain for digital nance. As a group, Arcane streaming real-time market data to the industry’s deliver services targeting payments, investment, and leading indices and analytics platforms, enhancing trading, in addition to a media and research leg. the quality of market information available to investors and enabling a credible overview of the Arcane has the ambition to become a leading player spot crypto currency market. in the digital assets space by growing the existing businesses, invest in cutting edge projects, and LMAX Digital is regulated by the Gibraltar Financial through acquisitions and consolidation. -
Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies Law Enforcement Investigative Guide
2018-46528652 Regional Organized Crime Information Center Special Research Report Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies Law Enforcement Investigative Guide Ref # 8091-4ee9-ae43-3d3759fc46fb 2018-46528652 Regional Organized Crime Information Center Special Research Report Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies Law Enforcement Investigative Guide verybody’s heard about Bitcoin by now. How the value of this new virtual currency wildly swings with the latest industry news or even rumors. Criminals use Bitcoin for money laundering and other Enefarious activities because they think it can’t be traced and can be used with anonymity. How speculators are making millions dealing in this trend or fad that seems more like fanciful digital technology than real paper money or currency. Some critics call Bitcoin a scam in and of itself, a new high-tech vehicle for bilking the masses. But what are the facts? What exactly is Bitcoin and how is it regulated? How can criminal investigators track its usage and use transactions as evidence of money laundering or other financial crimes? Is Bitcoin itself fraudulent? Ref # 8091-4ee9-ae43-3d3759fc46fb 2018-46528652 Bitcoin Basics Law Enforcement Needs to Know About Cryptocurrencies aw enforcement will need to gain at least a basic Bitcoins was determined by its creator (a person Lunderstanding of cyptocurrencies because or entity known only as Satoshi Nakamoto) and criminals are using cryptocurrencies to launder money is controlled by its inherent formula or algorithm. and make transactions contrary to law, many of them The total possible number of Bitcoins is 21 million, believing that cryptocurrencies cannot be tracked or estimated to be reached in the year 2140. -
Transparent and Collaborative Proof-Of-Work Consensus
StrongChain: Transparent and Collaborative Proof-of-Work Consensus Pawel Szalachowski, Daniël Reijsbergen, and Ivan Homoliak, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD); Siwei Sun, Institute of Information Engineering and DCS Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity19/presentation/szalachowski This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 28th USENIX Security Symposium. August 14–16, 2019 • Santa Clara, CA, USA 978-1-939133-06-9 Open access to the Proceedings of the 28th USENIX Security Symposium is sponsored by USENIX. StrongChain: Transparent and Collaborative Proof-of-Work Consensus Pawel Szalachowski1 Daniel¨ Reijsbergen1 Ivan Homoliak1 Siwei Sun2;∗ 1Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) 2Institute of Information Engineering and DCS Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Abstract a cryptographically-protected append-only list [2] is intro- duced. This list consists of transactions grouped into blocks Bitcoin is the most successful cryptocurrency so far. This and is usually referred to as a blockchain. Every active pro- is mainly due to its novel consensus algorithm, which is tocol participant (called a miner) collects transactions sent based on proof-of-work combined with a cryptographically- by users and tries to solve a computationally-hard puzzle in protected data structure and a rewarding scheme that incen- order to be able to write to the blockchain (the process of tivizes nodes to participate. However, despite its unprece- solving the puzzle is called mining). When a valid solution dented success Bitcoin suffers from many inefficiencies. For is found, it is disseminated along with the transactions that instance, Bitcoin’s consensus mechanism has been proved to the miner wishes to append. -
Bitflyer Raises Approximately JPY 130 Million in Funds
bitFlyer, Inc Yuzo Kano, CEO bitFlyer Raises JPY 130 million in Funds We are delighted to announce that bitFlyer (Company Headquarters: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Yuzo Kano, CEO), in order to expand its comprehensive Bitcoin platform and marketplace, has closed a fundraising round of approximately JPY 130 million. We are pleased to have received an investment from several third party investment organizations, including the below (titles omitted, in no particular order): RSP Fund No. 5 (Headquarters: Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Akihiko Okamoto, President) GMO Venture Partners (Headquarters: Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Masatoshi Kumagai, CEO) Bitcoin Opportunity Corp (Headquarters: New York, USA, Barry Silbert, CEO) The purpose of this funding will be to further strengthen our Bitcoin related businesses in the domestic as well as international markets, set up overseas offices, recruit new talent, accelerate service development, and carry out marketing and advertising campaigns to promote business growth. In addition, the synergies gained through close collaboration with our investment partners, customer base expansion, and the strengthening of our revenue base will help to facilitate our global business expansion. We will continue to pursue our primary goals of improving security while providing the best possible services to our customers. Thank you for using bitFlyer. Reference 1. Information Regarding our Investment Partners RSP Fund No. 5 RSP Fund No. 5 is a wholly owned subsidiary of Recruit Holdings, Co., Ltd. Headquartered in Tokyo and with offices in Silicon Valley, RSP invests in and provides management support to IT companies that provide innovative products and services around the world. GMO Venture Partners GMO Venture Partners is the venture capital arm of GMO Internet Group, investing more than JPY 5 billion to 51 companies in total, including 8 listed companies. -
Regulating Storage Overhead in Existing Pow-Based Blockchains
Regulating Storage Overhead in Existing PoW-based Blockchains Frederik Armknecht Jens-Matthias Bohli* University of Mannheim Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Germany Germany [email protected] [email protected] Ghassan O. Karame Wenting Li NEC Laboratories Europe NEC Laboratories Europe Germany Germany [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT so far. This resulted in a sharp variance in the number of Proof of Work (PoW) blockchains regulate the frequency and blockchain replicas over time. Namely, during the early years security of extensions to the blockchain in a decentralized of PoW blockchains, every miner was also a \full-node" and manner by adjusting the difficulty in the network. However, stored a full copy of the blockchain. As a result, the blockchain analogous decentralized measures to regulate the replica- witnessed an unprecedented level of replication (>200,000 tion level of the associated transactions and blocks data are replica) until early 2014 [14, 15]. Nowadays, the current completely missing so far. We argue that such measures are difficulty level of PoW mining is prohibitively high enough required as well. On the one hand, the smaller the number that miners do not have incentives to operate solo. Instead, of replicas, the higher the vulnerability of the system against joining a mining pool emerges as an attractive option for compromises and DoS-attacks. On the other hand, the larger miners to receive a portion of the block reward on a consistent the number of replicas, the higher the storage overhead, and basis. Here, workers do not connect directly to the blockchain; the higher the operational blockchain cost are. -
Mastercard Creates Simpli Ed Payments Card O Ering For
NEWS RELEASE Mastercard Creates Simplied Payments Card Oering for Cryptocurrency Companies 7/20/2021 Reduces friction in experience and provides greater choice for consumers by helping crypto companies oer card programs Suite of partners include Circle, Paxos, Evolve Bank & Trust, Metropolitan Commercial Bank, Uphold, BitPay, Apto Payments, i2c Inc. and Galileo Financial Technologies PURCHASE, N.Y.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Mastercard announced today it will enhance its card program for cryptocurrency wallets and exchanges, making it simpler for partners to convert cryptocurrency to traditional at currency. Working with Evolve Bank & Trust and Paxos Trust Company, the leading blockchain infrastructure and regulated stablecoin issuance platform, and Circle, a global nancial technology rm and the principal operator of the USD Coin (USDC), a dollar digital currency or stablecoin, Mastercard and its partners will test this new capability to enable more banks and crypto companies to oer a card option to people wanting to spend their digital assets anywhere Mastercard is accepted. Today, when people spend cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ether, or Litecoin, it must enter and settle on Mastercard’s network as traditional at currency, such as the U.S. dollar. Until now, crypto providers planning to launch or expand card programs could nd it operationally challenging to perform the currency conversion, a critical step preceding the settlement on Mastercard’s network. Mastercard’s engagement with Evolve, Paxos and Circle solves this challenge for players across the industry. Mastercard announced in February 2021 it is preparing to enable select stablecoins directly on its network, expanding the future potential of digital assets and payments. -
Difference Between Coin Token and Protocol
Difference Between Coin Token And Protocol campanileBjorne patch-up and attack hydrostatically his sortes while so peevishly! hyperbolic Ordovician Bo prod buzzinglyand unwifely or tows Tremaine derisively. never Salpiform propine hisAngus deerstalker! nomadizes some Furthermore Lumens coins are inflationary while XRPs are deflationary meaning. Coinbase added COMP to our supported assets for Coinbase and Coinbase Pro. Another difference between different protocols and differences between parties. Facilitate collaboration and quickly gained strong background in. Difference Between Coins and Tokens by Spiking Editor. For example, DAI and USDC are both pegged to the US dollar. The tokens and between the laws and represents a system can host a stable cryptocurrencies and whether the steem went up? To appoint my band well, slowly research existing malware so bizarre I can inform my customers how serious or how harmful these viruses could be. Why air New Tokens Are Ethereum ICOs skalex. Offers based on different coins, protocol tokens in a difference between placement of mining works when attempting to develop it would farm, ripple refers to. Security tokens are created through a type my initial coin offering ICO sometimes referred to skirt a security token offering STO to plug it whether other types of. This problem describes the dilemma that a critical number of sellers or vendors is necessary to be of cover to customers as a platform. Sec regulation s options and each has included on leveraged crypto businesses that difference between coin token and protocol tokens are similar to. Bitcoin and coins differ from the difference. But whenever you growing like other, you well go cheer the nearest machine and reward them.