The Bitcoin Trading Ecosystem
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Detecting Roles of Money Laundering in Bitcoin Mixing Transactions: a Goal Modeling and Mining Framework
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 06 July 2021 doi: 10.3389/fphy.2021.665399 Detecting Roles of Money Laundering in Bitcoin Mixing Transactions: A Goal Modeling and Mining Framework Mingdong Liu 1, Hu Chen 2 and Jiaqi Yan 3* 1School of Economics and Management, Southeast University, Nanjing, China, 2School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, 3School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China Cryptocurrency has become a new venue for money laundering. Bitcoin mixing services deliberately obfuscate the relationship between senders and recipients, making it difficult to trace suspicious money flow. We believe that the key to demystifying the bitcoin mixing services is to discover agents’ roles in the money laundering process. We propose a goal- oriented approach to modeling, discovering, and analyzing different types of roles in the agent-based business process of the bitcoin mixing scenario using historical bitcoin transaction data. It adopts the agents’ goal perspective to study the roles in the bitcoin money laundering process. Moreover, it provides a foundation to discover real- world agents’ roles in bitcoin money laundering scenarios. Edited by: Keywords: goal modeling, money laundering, bitcoin mixing transactions, data analysis, agents’ roles Xiao Fan Liu, City University of Hong Kong, SAR China INTRODUCTION Reviewed by: Daning Hu, Financial crimes not only directly disturb the national financial order and affect social stability Southern University of Science and but also occur with other crimes to provide financial support for various types of organized Technology, China fi Hong-Liang Sun, crimes. Money laundering is a nancial criminal activity, which mainly refers to the processing Nanjing University of Finance and of illegal income by various means to cover up and conceal its source and nature. -
Bitcoin Tumbles As Miners Face Crackdown - the Buttonwood Tree Bitcoin Tumbles As Miners Face Crackdown
6/8/2021 Bitcoin Tumbles as Miners Face Crackdown - The Buttonwood Tree Bitcoin Tumbles as Miners Face Crackdown By Haley Cafarella - June 1, 2021 Bitcoin tumbles as Crypto miners face crackdown from China. Cryptocurrency miners, including HashCow and BTC.TOP, have halted all or part of their China operations. This comes after Beijing intensified a crackdown on bitcoin mining and trading. Beijing intends to hammer digital currencies amid heightened global regulatory scrutiny. This marks the first time China’s cabinet has targeted virtual currency mining, which is a sizable business in the world’s second-biggest economy. Some estimates say China accounts for as much as 70 percent of the world’s crypto supply. Cryptocurrency exchange Huobi suspended both crypto-mining and some trading services to new clients from China. The plan is that China will instead focus on overseas businesses. BTC.TOP, a crypto mining pool, also announced the suspension of its China business citing regulatory risks. On top of that, crypto miner HashCow said it would halt buying new bitcoin mining rigs. Crypto miners use specially-designed computer equipment, or rigs, to verify virtual coin transactions. READ MORE: Sustainable Mineral Exploration Powers Electric Vehicle Revolution This process produces newly minted crypto currencies like bitcoin. “Crypto mining consumes a lot of energy, which runs counter to China’s carbon neutrality goals,” said Chen Jiahe, chief investment officer of Beijing-based family office Novem Arcae Technologies. Additionally, he said this is part of China’s goal of curbing speculative crypto trading. As result, bitcoin has taken a beating in the stock market. -
Optimal Execution in Cryptocurrency Markets
Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont CMC Senior Theses CMC Student Scholarship 2020 Optimal Execution in Cryptocurrency Markets Ethan Kurz Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses Part of the Finance Commons, and the Mathematics Commons Recommended Citation Kurz, Ethan, "Optimal Execution in Cryptocurrency Markets" (2020). CMC Senior Theses. 2387. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2387 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you by Scholarship@Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in this collection by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Claremont McKenna College Optimal Execution in Cryptocurrency Markets submitted to Professor Benjamin Gillen and Professor Chiu-Yen Kao written by Ethan Kurz Senior Thesis Spring 2020 May 11, 2020 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my family and friends for keeping my spirits up and being a great support system. I would also like to extend my deepest gratitude towards my thesis readers, Professor Benjamin Gillen and Professor Chiu-Yen Kao for their patience and thoughtful guidance throughout this process. Contents 1 Abstract 1 2 Introduction 2 3 Literature Review 6 3.1 Stock Market Microstructure . .6 3.2 Cryptocurrency Market Microstructure . .8 3.3 Microstructure in Almgren-Chriss . 11 4 Almgren-Chriss model 14 4.1 The “Efficient Frontier" . 14 4.2 Optimal Strategies . 14 4.3 Comparative Statics . 15 4.4 NYSE Stock Parameters and Models . 18 5 Empirical Analysis of Cryptocurrency Markets 23 5.1 Choosing Parameters and Modeling . 23 5.2 Comparison of the Markets . 25 5.2.1 Consumer Value Provided by Coinbase . -
Pwc I 2Nd Global Crypto M&A and Fundraising Report
2nd Global Crypto M&A and Fundraising Report April 2020 2 PwC I 2nd Global Crypto M&A and Fundraising Report Dear Clients and Friends, We are proud to launch the 2nd edition of our Global Crypto M&A and Fundraising Report. We hope that the market colour and insights from this report will be useful data points. We will continue to publish this report twice a year to enable you to monitor the ongoing trends in the crypto ecosystem. PwC has put together a “one stop shop” offering, focused on crypto services across our various lines of services in over 25 jurisdictions, including the most active crypto jurisdictions. Our goal is to service your needs in the best possible way leveraging the PwC network and allowing you to make your project a success. Our crypto clients include crypto exchanges, crypto investors, crypto asset managers, ICOs/IEOs/STOs/stable and asset backed tokens, traditional financial institutions entering the crypto space as well as governments, central banks, regulators and other policy makers looking at the crypto ecosystem. As part of our “one stop shop” offering, we provide an entire range of services to the crypto ecosystem including strategy, legal, regulatory, accounting, tax, governance, risk assurance, audit, cybersecurity, M&A advisory as well as capital raising. More details are available on our global crypto page as well as at the back of this report. 2nd Global Crypto M&A and Fundraising Report April 2020 PwC 2 3 PwC I 2nd Global Crypto M&A and Fundraising Report 5 Key takeaways when comparing 2018 vs 2019 There -
Banking on Bitcoin: BTC As Collateral
Banking on Bitcoin: BTC as Collateral Arcane Research Bitstamp Arcane Research is a part of Arcane Crypto, Bitstamp is the world’s longest-running bringing data-driven analysis and research cryptocurrency exchange, supporting to the cryptocurrency space. After launch in investors, traders and leading financial August 2019, Arcane Research has become institutions since 2011. With a proven track a trusted brand, helping clients strengthen record, cutting-edge market infrastructure their credibility and visibility through and dedication to personal service with a research reports and analysis. In addition, human touch, Bitstamp’s secure and reliable we regularly publish reports, weekly market trading venue is trusted by over four million updates and articles to educate and share customers worldwide. Whether it’s through insights. their intuitive web platform and mobile app or industry-leading APIs, Bitstamp is where crypto enters the world of finance. For more information, visit www.bitstamp.net 2 Banking on Bitcoin: BTC as Collateral Banking on bitcoin The case for bitcoin as collateral The value of the global market for collateral is estimated to be close to $20 trillion in assets. Government bonds and cash-based securities alike are currently the most important parts of a well- functioning collateral market. However, in that, there is a growing weakness as rehypothecation creates a systemic risk in the financial system as a whole. The increasing reuse of collateral makes these assets far from risk-free and shows the potential instability of the financial markets and that it is more fragile than many would like to admit. Bitcoin could become an important part of the solution and challenge the dominating collateral assets in the future. -
Consent Order: HDR Global Trading Limited, Et Al
Case 1:20-cv-08132-MKV Document 62 Filed 08/10/21 Page 1 of 22 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK USDC SDNY DOCUMENT ELECTRONICALLY FILED COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING DOC #: COMMISSION, DATE FILED: 8/10/2021 Plaintiff v. Case No. 1:20-cv-08132 HDR GLOBAL TRADING LIMITED, 100x Hon. Mary Kay Vyskocil HOLDINGS LIMITED, ABS GLOBAL TRADING LIMITED, SHINE EFFORT INC LIMITED, HDR GLOBAL SERVICES (BERMUDA) LIMITED, ARTHUR HAYES, BENJAMIN DELO, and SAMUEL REED, Defendants CONSENT ORDER FOR PERMANENT INJUNCTION, CIVIL MONETARY PENALTY, AND OTHER EQUITABLE RELIEF AGAINST DEFENDANTS HDR GLOBAL TRADING LIMITED, 100x HOLDINGS LIMITED, SHINE EFFORT INC LIMITED, and HDR GLOBAL SERVICES (BERMUDA) LIMITED I. INTRODUCTION On October 1, 2020, Plaintiff Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“Commission” or “CFTC”) filed a Complaint against Defendants HDR Global Trading Limited (“HDR”), 100x Holdings Limited (100x”), ABS Global Trading Limited (“ABS”), Shine Effort Inc Limited (“Shine”), and HDR Global Services (Bermuda) Limited (“HDR Services”), all doing business as “BitMEX” (collectively “BitMEX”) as well as BitMEX’s co-founders Arthur Hayes (“Hayes”), Benjamin Delo (“Delo”), and Samuel Reed (“Reed”), (collectively “Defendants”), seeking injunctive and other equitable relief, as well as the imposition of civil penalties, for violations of the Commodity Exchange Act (“Act”), 7 U.S.C. §§ 1–26 (2018), and the Case 1:20-cv-08132-MKV Document 62 Filed 08/10/21 Page 2 of 22 Commission’s Regulations (“Regulations”) promulgated thereunder, 17 C.F.R. pts. 1–190 (2020). (“Complaint,” ECF No. 1.)1 II. CONSENTS AND AGREEMENTS To effect settlement of all charges alleged in the Complaint against Defendants HDR, 100x, ABS, Shine, and HDR Services (“Settling Defendants”) without a trial on the merits or any further judicial proceedings, Settling Defendants: 1. -
The Basics of Cryptocurrency February 2021
The Basics of Cryptocurrency February 2021 © 2021 What Is Cryptocurrency? The Basics of Cryptocurrency Key Players www.onepagethinking.net Overview Fiat Currency Cryptocurrency Uses of Crypto Blockchain Digital Wallet Cryptocurrency Network Investors Cryptocurrency (crypto) is a digital currency A way to understand cryptocurrency and its Crypto uses encryption technology to quickly Two common transactions Each crypto transaction is communicated to all participating peer-to-peer (P2P) computers Crypto is stored in that can be used to buy goods and services. It vocabulary is to compare it to the U.S. dollar. process, secure, and verify transactions. involve crypto: (1) the use of (nodes) in the crypto network. Each P2P node verifies the transaction according to network a digital wallet, Computer Network Storage Role: Safekeeping of Market Operators Influencers and Investors uses an online ledger and encryption to U.S currency is issued by the Federal Reserve Each transaction conducted in crypto is crypto to buy and sell goods and rules. A group of verified transactions form a block (like a link in a chain) which is added to secured by a 24- of Miners Role: Facilitate Efficient Role: Promote Investment Role: Mine and Validate Blocks, Add Digital Wallet and Private Key secure transactions. Bitcoin was released in System (a central bank), and as such is called published in a ledger (the “blockchain”) that is services, and (2) the acquisition the blockchain by the miner who wins a “guessing game” built into the system. Miners are word private key. Exchange of Cryptocurrency In, and Adoption of, Cryptocurrency (i.e., Owner’s Password) 2009 as open-source software, developed by “fiat” currency. -
Short Selling Attack: a Self-Destructive but Profitable 51% Attack on Pos Blockchains
Short Selling Attack: A Self-Destructive But Profitable 51% Attack On PoS Blockchains Suhyeon Lee and Seungjoo Kim CIST (Center for Information Security Technologies), Korea University, Korea Abstract—There have been several 51% attacks on Proof-of- With a PoS, the attacker needs to obtain 51% of the Work (PoW) blockchains recently, including Verge and Game- cryptocurrency to carry out a 51% attack. But unlike PoW, Credits, but the most noteworthy has been the attack that saw attacker in a PoS system is highly discouraged from launching hackers make off with up to $18 million after a successful double spend was executed on the Bitcoin Gold network. For this reason, 51% attack because he would have to risk of depreciation the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) algorithm, which already has advantages of his entire stake amount to do so. In comparison, bad of energy efficiency and throughput, is attracting attention as an actor in a PoW system will not lose their expensive alternative to the PoW algorithm. With a PoS, the attacker needs mining equipment if he launch a 51% attack. Moreover, to obtain 51% of the cryptocurrency to carry out a 51% attack. even if a 51% attack succeeds, the value of PoS-based But unlike PoW, attacker in a PoS system is highly discouraged from launching 51% attack because he would have to risk losing cryptocurrency will fall, and the attacker with the most stake his entire stake amount to do so. Moreover, even if a 51% attack will eventually lose the most. For these reasons, those who succeeds, the value of PoS-based cryptocurrency will fall, and attempt to attack 51% of the PoS blockchain will not be the attacker with the most stake will eventually lose the most. -
Bitmex Xbt Price on Spreadsheet
Bitmex Xbt Price On Spreadsheet Follow-up Barty sometimes enounces his Beaulieu stalwartly and configure so apologetically! If unteachable or goadSolutrean her Stafford Troy usually insufferably, risks his Salopian roneos prickle and uniplanar. amok or solemnized proximo and farther, how piniest is Zeb? Uli BitMEX Topics covered in Lesson 2 Cash an Carry. Bitmex Bans Its sister Country Trustnodes. Bitmex XBTUSD historical price data order books and OHLCV candlesticks. American authorities police criminal charges on Thursday against the owners of kiss of surgery world's biggest cryptocurrency trading exchanges BitMEX accusing them of allowing the Hong Kong-based company to launder money and engage in other illegal transactions. This call does return Bitcoin traded volume in XBT over since last 24h on Kraken. The Calculator can show his current ProfitLoss PnL Target prices at set. 6 July 2019 AntiLiquidation is a BitMEX Anti-Liquidation Tool Position Calculator. 24 Hours BitMex Liquidation Data of XBTUSD ETHUSD and All Supported Asset. BTC USD Bitfinex Historical Data Investingcom. It is Buyer's move bitcoin analysis price bitmex inverse contract process are playing. For market trades fees are 0075 of your stop for both entry exit So total fees on a 1000 trade with 100x leverage are 150 100 x 1000 x 000075 x 2 Fees are 15 in industry case. Bitcoin Price Bitmex and Coinbase Trading News Value of Wallet Bitcoin. In a dramatic day for Bitcoin BTC bulls pushed the price of BitMEX's XBT. Demo Binance Huobi Bitmex And Others In Spreadsheet Using Api Excel. The price on an ma in any such levels indicator would come under cftc. -
Coinbase Explores Crypto ETF (9/6) Coinbase Spoke to Asset Manager Blackrock About Creating a Crypto ETF, Business Insider Reports
Crypto Week in Review (9/1-9/7) Goldman Sachs CFO Denies Crypto Strategy Shift (9/6) GS CFO Marty Chavez addressed claims from an unsubstantiated report earlier this week that the firm may be delaying previous plans to open a crypto trading desk, calling the report “fake news”. Coinbase Explores Crypto ETF (9/6) Coinbase spoke to asset manager BlackRock about creating a crypto ETF, Business Insider reports. While the current status of the discussions is unclear, BlackRock is said to have “no interest in being a crypto fund issuer,” and SEC approval in the near term remains uncertain. Looking ahead, the Wednesday confirmation of Trump nominee Elad Roisman has the potential to tip the scales towards a more favorable cryptoasset approach. Twitter CEO Comments on Blockchain (9/5) Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey, speaking in a congressional hearing, indicated that blockchain technology could prove useful for “distributed trust and distributed enforcement.” The platform, given its struggles with how best to address fraud, harassment, and other misuse, could be a prime testing ground for decentralized identity solutions. Ripio Facilitates Peer-to-Peer Loans (9/5) Ripio began to facilitate blockchain powered peer-to-peer loans, available to wallet users in Argentina, Mexico, and Brazil. The loans, which utilize the Ripple Credit Network (RCN) token, are funded in RCN and dispensed to users in fiat through a network of local partners. Since all details of the loan and payments are recorded on the Ethereum blockchain, the solution could contribute to wider access to credit for the unbanked. IBM’s Payment Protocol Out of Beta (9/4) Blockchain World Wire, a global blockchain based payments network by IBM, is out of beta, CoinDesk reports. -
Cinnober Bitgo PR FINAL
Press Release 11 July 2018 Cinnober and BitGo cooperate on cryptocurrency exchange offering Cinnober, a global independent provider of exchange technology, and BitGo, the market leader in institutional-grade cryptocurrency security, announced today a collaboration to provide solutions to cryptocurrency exchanges. BitGo’s wallet solution will expand Cinnober’s trading and post-trade platform to provide an end-to-end secure, institutional-grade digital asset exchange solution. Cinnober serves leading financial marketplaces globally with robust, multi-asset trading and clearing solutions. Through Irisium, Cinnober also provides a market surveillance platform to help safeguard market integrity. Through the collaboration with BitGo, Cinnober is consolidating its offering to cryptocurrency exchanges in need of a reliable and proven, high-performance trading solution to handle increasing market volumes, expectations from institutional investors and requirements from regulators. BitGo’s wallets and custodial services allow clients to store and transfer digital assets using industry standards for security and financial privacy. The solutions include security key management, multi-signature setups, setting of procedures and client-driven policies to ensure assets are held in a highly secure environment. “This cooperation strengthens our offering to cryptocurrency exchanges,” says Veronica Augustsson, CEO of Cinnober. “The cryptocurrency market has grown significantly in the past few years, and we’ve seen exchanges in this segment struggle with capacity, scalability challenges and repeated outages. There is an opportunity for Cinnober to support this market with proven trading and surveillance solutions used by established financial markets, and, with BitGo’s secure and reliable wallet and custody services, we can offer a competitive solution with short time-to-market.” “BitGo has a long history of successfully serving cryptocurrency exchanges, and we’re pleased to partner with Cinnober,” says Mike Belshe, CEO of BitGo. -
Blockchain Task Force
Blockchain Task Force September 24-25, 2018 FOIA Confidential Treatment Requested Shahla Ali serves as CLO/CCO at BitGo, heading up the legal team and ensuring compliance with laws and regulatory requirements. She brings more than 17 years of experience to the company having held senior legal and compliance roles at Carlson Capital, L.P. and Millennium Management, LLC. As Global CCO of Carlson, Shahla managed a team charged with implementing global compliance policies and procedures and was the global AML Officer/MLRO responsible for firm-wide global AML compliance, and other domestic and international KYC/AML/CIP requirements. At Millenium, Shahla led efforts to enforce compliance policies and procedures to meet SEC, CFTC, FINRA, NFA, Shahla F. Ali UK FSA, MAS, and Japan FSA requirements. Chief Legal & Compliance Officer Shahla served as Assistant Attorney General under Attorneys General Eliot Spitzer and Andrew M. Cuomo in the Office of the BitGo, Inc. New York State Attorney General (NYAG). Shahla earned her undergraduate degree from Boston University and a Juris Doctorate from Boston University School of Law. 2 FOIA Confidential Treatment Requested Isaac Eleftheriadis serves as the Senior Technical Product Manager responsible for BitGo’s core blockchain platform services, which are the foundation for all BitGo service offerings. Isaac and his team are responsible for infrastructure development, monitoring protocol development of new and existing coins, and expanding BitGo’s support of coins and tokens. Isaac’s primary focus is ensuring customer funds remain secure and accessible at all times. Isaac has 11 years of experience building products that engage and delight users across mobile, desktop, and web platforms.