Indigenous Peoples Resources

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more

Indigenous Peoples BOOKS AND OTHER RESOURCES F O R C H I L D R E N At the Mountain’s Base by Tracy Sorell Bowwow Powwow : Bagosenjige-niimi'idim by Brenda J. Child Chester Nez and the Unbreakable Code: A Navajo Code Talker’s Story by Joseph Bruchac Encounter by Brittany Luby The Forever Sky by Thomas D. Peacock Fry Bread: A Native American Family Story by Kevin Noble Maillard Hiawatha and the Peacemaker by Robbie Robertson The Girl Who Helped Thunder and Other Native American Folktales by Joseph Bruchac I Am Not a Number by Jenny Kay Dupuis In My Anaana’s Amautik by Nadia Sammurtok Johnny’s Pheasant by Cheryl Minnema My Heart Fills With Happiness by Monique Gray Smith Red Bird Sings: The Story of Zitkala-S a, Native American Author, Musician, and Activist by Gina Capaldi Squanto’s Journey: The Story of the First Thanksgiving by Joseph Bruchac Vivian and the Legend of the Hoodoos by Terry Catasus Jennings We Are Grateful: Otsaliheliga by Traci Sorell We Are Water Protectors by Carole Lindstrom When We Were Alone by David Robertson F O R M I D D L E - G R A D E R E A D E R S The Birchbark House by Louise Erdrich Blue Birds by Caroline Starr Rose Code Talker: A Novel about the Navajo Marines of World War Two by Joseph Bruchac I Can Make This Promise by Christine Day Indian No More by Charlene Willing McManis Indian Shoes by Cynthia Leitich Smith An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United States for Young People by Debbie Reese In the Footsteps of Crazy Horse by Joseph Marshall Little Whale: A Story of the Last Tlingit War Canoe by Roy A. Peratrovich The Lost Ones by Michaela MacColl Mask That Sang by Susan Currie My Name Is Seepeetza by Shirley Sterling Indigenous Peoples BOOKS AND OTHER RESOURCES M I D D L E - G R A D E C O N T ' D Skeleton Man by Joseph Bruchac Two Roads by Joseph Bruchac Undefeated: Jim Thorpe and the Carlisle Indian School Football Team by Steve Sheinkin Written in Stone by Rosanne Parry F O R T E E N S Apple in the Middle by Dawn Quigley Dreaming in Indian Fire Song by Adam Garnet Jones Elatsoe by Darcie Little Badger Hearts Unbroken by Cynthia Leitich Smith He Who Dreams by Melanie Florence The Marrow Thieves by Cherie Dimaline More Than Good Enough by Crissa-Jean Chappell #NotYourPrincess: Voices of Native American Women by Mary Beth Leatherdale Pemmican Wars by Katherena Vermette Standing Strong by Gary Robinson Surviving the City by Tasha Spillet Trickster: Native American Tales (A Graphic Collection) by Matt Dembicki F O R A D U L T S All The Real Indians Died Off: And 20 Other Myths About Native Americans by Roxanne Dunbar- Ortiz and Dina Gilio-Whitaker An American Sunrise by Joy Harjo The Apache Wars: The Hunt for Geronimo, the Apache Kid, and the Captive Boy Who Started the Longest War in American History by Paul Andrew Hutton Black Hawk: The Battle for the Heart of America by Kerry A. Trask Black Sun by Rebecca Roanhorse The Book of the Little Axe by Lauren Francis-Sharma Canyon Dreams: A Basketball Season on the Navajo Nation by Michael Powell Carry: A Memoir of Survival on Stolen Land by Toni Jensen Crazy Brave by Joy Harjo Indigenous Peoples BOOKS AND OTHER RESOURCES F O R A D U L T S C O N T ' D Crooked Hallelujah by Kelly Jo Ford The Death of Sitting Bear by N. Scott Momaday Earth Keeper: Reflections on the American Land by N. Scott Momaday Even as We Breathe by Annette Saunooke Clapsaddle The Heartbeat of Wounded Knee: Native America from 1890 to the Present by David Treuer Heart Berries by Terese Marie Mailhot Indian Horse by Richard Wagamese An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States by Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz In the Night of Memory by Linda LeGarde Grover It All Falls Down by Sheena Kamal Jacksonland: President Andrew Jackson, Cherokee Chief John Ross, and a Great American Land Grab by Steve Inskeep Lakota America: A New History of Indigenous Power by Pekka Hämäläinen Love After the End: An Anthology of Two-Spirit & Indigiqueer Speculative Fiction, edited by Joshua Whitehead Love Medicine by Louise Erdrich Marvel Voices: Indigenous Voices 1 A Mind Spread Out On the Ground by Alicia Elliott Native: Identity, Belonging, and Rediscovering God by Kaitlin B. Curtice New Poets of Native Nations edited by Heid E. Erdrich The Night Watchman by Louise Erdrich The Only Good Indians by Stephen Graham-Jones The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America by Andrés Reséndez Paying the Land by Joe Sacco Postcolonial Love Poem by Natalie Diaz Quiet Until the Thaw by Alexandra Fuller Redbone: The True Story of a Native American Rock Band by Christian Staebler Religion and Culture in Native America by Suzanne Crawford O'Brien The Roundhouse by Louise Erdrich Shapes of Native Nonfiction: Collected Essays by Contemporary Writers A Sorrow in our Heart: The Life of Tecumseh by Allan W. Eckert Spirit Run: a 6,000-Mile Marathon Through North America's Stolen Land by Noé Alvarez There There by Tommy Orange Indigenous Peoples BOOKS AND OTHER RESOURCES F O R A D U L T S C O N T ' D This Land is Their Land: The Wampanoag Indians, Plymouth Colony, and the Troubled History of Thanksgiving by David J. Silverman This Town Sleeps by Dennis E. Staples Unworthy Republic: The Dispossession of Native Americans and the Road to Indian Territory by Claudio Saunt When My Brother Was an Aztec by Natalie Diaz When the Light of the World was Subdued, Our Songs Came Through edited by Joy Harjo Where the Dead Sit Talking by Brandon Hobson Why We Serve: Native Americans in the United States Armed Forces by Alexandra N. Harris Winter Counts by David Heska Wanbli Weiden Yellow Bird: Oil, Murder, and a Woman’s Search for Justice in Indian Country by Sierra Crane Murdoch P O D C A S T S All My Relations Coffee & Quaq Let’s Talk Native Native Opinion This Land M O V I E S Atanarjuat: The Fast Runner Reel Injun Skins Warrior Women We Shall Remain; A five-part PBS documentary that was part of the American Experience series (available on hoopla) Winter in the Blood Indigenous Peoples BOOKS AND OTHER RESOURCES O N L I N E R E S O U R C E S Amnesty International: https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/indigenous-peoples/ Indigenous Peoples Movement: https://indigenouspeoplesmovement.com/ Library of Congress's "Living Nations, Living Worlds" project, from Joy Harjo: https://www.loc.gov/programs/poetry-and-literature/poet-laureate/poet-laureate- projects/living-nations-living-words/ Native American Heritage Month official website: http://nativeamericanheritagemonth.gov/? &loclr=reclnk Smithsonian Magazine: “Rethinking How We Celebrate American History—Indigenous Peoples’ Day” https://www.smithsonianmag.com/blogs/national-museum-american- indian/2020/10/12/indigenous-peoples-day-updated2020/ UNESCO: https://en.unesco.org/indigenous-peoples USAID: https://www.usaid.gov/indigenous-peoples Looking for more? This list is just a starting point. Call, email, or use our online chat service to ask for more recommendations. .
Recommended publications
  • Fools Crow, James Welch

    Fools Crow, James Welch

    by James Welch Model Teaching Unit English Language Arts Secondary Level with Montana Common Core Standards Written by Dorothea M. Susag Published by the Montana Office of Public Instruction 2010 Revised 2014 Indian Education for All opi.mt.gov Cover: #955-523, Putting up Tepee poles, Blackfeet Indians [no date]; Photograph courtesy of the Montana Historical Society Research Center Photograph Archives, Helena, MT. by James Welch Model Teaching Unit English Language Arts Secondary Level with Montana Common Core Standards Written by Dorothea M. Susag Published by the Montana Ofce of Public Instruction 2010 Revised 2014 Indian Education for All opi.mt.gov #X1937.01.03, Elk Head Kills a Buffalo Horse Stolen From the Whites, Graphite on paper, 1883-1885; digital image courtesy of the Montana Historical Society, Helena, MT. Anchor Text Welch, James. Fools Crow. New York: Viking/Penguin, 1986. Highly Recommended Teacher Companion Text Goebel, Bruce A. Reading Native American Literature: A Teacher’s Guide. National Council of Teachers of English, 2004. Fast Facts Genre Historical Fiction Suggested Grade Level Grades 9-12 Tribes Blackfeet (Pikuni), Crow Place North and South-central Montana territory Time 1869-1870 Overview Length of Time: To make full use of accompanying non-fiction texts and opportunities for activities that meet the Common Core Standards, Fools Crow is best taught as a four-to-five week English unit—and history if possible-- with Title I support for students who have difficulty reading. Teaching and Learning Objectives: Through reading Fools Crow and participating in this unit, students can develop lasting understandings such as these: a.
  • Am Lit 1945-Present List

    Am Lit 1945-Present List

    Renee Hudson American Literature 1945-Present (Ngai) Primary Texts: 1. A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams (1947) 2. Strangers on a Train by Patricia Highsmith (1950) 3. The Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison (1953) 4. A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery O’Connor (1955) 5. Howl by Allen Ginsberg (1956) 6. Catch-22 by Joseph Heller (1961) 7. Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? by Edward Albee (1962) 8. The Man in the High Castle by Philip K. Dick (1962) 9. Lunch Poems by Frank O’Hara (1964) 10. Ariel by Sylvia Plath (1965) 11. Mumbo Jumbo by Ishmael Reed (1972) 12. Gravity’s Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon (1973) 13. Ragtime by E. L. Doctorow (1975) 14. Meridian by Alice Walker (1976) 15. Buried Child by Sam Shepard (1978) 16. Sixty Stories by Donald Barthelme (1982) 17. Dictee by Theresa Hak Kyung Cha (1982) 18. Great Expectations by Kathy Acker (1983) 19. Blood Meridian by Cormac McCarthy (1985) 20. White Noise by Don DeLillo (1985) 21. Beloved by Toni Morrison (1987) 22. The Mezzanine by Nicholson Baker (1990) 23. Woman Hollering Creek by Sandra Cisneros (1991) 24. Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson (1995) 25. Infinite Jest by David Foster Wallace (1996) 26. Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita (1997) 27. American Pastoral by Philip Roth (1997) 28. Palestine by Joe Sacco (2001) 29. Pattern Recognition by William Gibson (2003) 30. The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao by Junot Diaz (2007) Renee Hudson Secondary Texts: 1. The Society of the Spectacle by Guy Debord (1973) 2.
  • Joy Harjo Reads from 'Crazy Brave' at the Central Library

    Joy Harjo Reads from 'Crazy Brave' at the Central Library

    Joy Harjo Reads From 'Crazy Brave' at the Central Library [0:00:05] Podcast Announcer: Welcome to the Seattle Public Library's podcasts of author readings and Library events; a series of readings, performances, lectures and discussions. Library podcasts are brought to you by the Seattle Public Library and Foundation. To learn more about our programs and podcasts visit our website at www.spl.org. To learn how you can help the Library Foundation support the Seattle Public Library go to foundation.spl.org. [0:00:40] Marion Scichilone: Thank you for joining us for an evening with Joy Harjo who is here with her new book Crazy Brave. Thank you to Elliot Bay Book Company for inviting us to co-present this event, to the Seattle Times for generous promotional support for library programs. We thank our authors series sponsor Gary Kunis. Now, I'm going to turn the podium over to Karen Maeda Allman from Elliott Bay Book Company to introduce our special guest. Thank you. [0:01:22] Karen Maeda Allman: Thanks Marion. And thank you all for coming this evening. I know this is one of the readings I've most look forward to this summer. And as I know many of you and I know that many of you have been reading Joy Harjo's poetry for many many years. And, so is exciting to finally, not only get to hear her read, but also to hear her play her music. Joy Harjo is of Muscogee Creek and also a Cherokee descent. And she is a graduate of the Iowa Writers Workshop at the University of Iowa.
  • Contemporary Voices Teacher Guide

    Contemporary Voices Teacher Guide

    Teacher Guide for High School for use with the educational DVD Contemporary Voices along the Lewis & Clark Trail First Edition The Regional Learning Project collaborates with tribal educators to produce top quality, primary resource materials about Native Americans, Montana, and regional history. Bob Boyer, Kim Lugthart, Elizabeth Sperry, Sally Thompson © 2008 Regional Learning Project, The University of Montana, Center for Continuing Education Regional Learning Project at the University of Montana–Missoula grants teachers permission to photocopy the activity pages from this book for classroom use. No other part of this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher. For more information regarding permission, write to Regional Learning Project, UM Continuing Education, Missoula, MT 59812. Acknowledgements Regional Learning Project extends grateful acknowledgement to the tribal representatives contributing to this project. The following is a list of those appearing in the DVD, from interviews conducted by Sally Thompson, Ph.D. Lewis Malatare (Yakama) Lee Bourgeau (Nez Perce) Allen Pinkham (Nez Perce) Julie Cajune (Salish) Pat Courtney Gold (Wasco) Maria Pascua (Makah) Armand Minthorn (Cayuse/Nez Perce) Cecelia Bearchum (Walla Walla/Yakama) Vernon Finley (Kootenai) Otis Halfmoon (Nez Perce) Louis Adams (Salish) Kathleen Gordon (Cayuse/Walla Walla) Felix
  • COMPARATIVE LITERATURE (Div

    COMPARATIVE LITERATURE (Div

    COMPARATIVE LITERATURE (Div. I) Chair, Associate Professor CHRISTOPHER NUGENT Professors: BELL-VILLADA, CASSIDAY, DRUXES, S. FOX, FRENCH, KAGAYA**, NEWMAN***, ROUHI, VAN DE STADT. Associate Professors: C. BOLTON***, DEKEL, S. FOX, HOLZAPFEL, MARTIN, NUGENT, PIEPRZAK***, THORNE, WANG**. Assistant Professors: BRAGGS*, VARGAS. Visiting Assistant Professor: EQEIQ. Students motivated by a desire to study literary art in the broadest sense of the term will find an intellectual home in the Program in Comparative Literature. The Program in Comparative Literature gives students the opportunity to develop their critical faculties through the analysis of literature across cultures, and through the exploration of literary and critical theory. By crossing national, linguistic, historical, and disciplinary boundaries, students of Comparative Literature learn to read texts for the ways they make meaning, the assumptions that underlie that meaning, and the aesthetic elements evinced in the making. Students of Comparative Literature are encouraged to examine the widest possible range of literary communication, including the metamorphosis of media, genres, forms, and themes. Whereas specific literature programs allow the student to trace the development of one literature in a particular culture over a period of time, Comparative Literature juxtaposes the writings of different cultures and epochs in a variety of ways. Because interpretive methods from other disciplines play a crucial role in investigating literature’s larger context, the Program offers courses intended for students in all divisions of the college and of all interests. These include courses that introduce students to the comparative study of world literature and courses designed to enhance any foreign language major in the Williams curriculum. In addition, the Program offers courses in literary theory that illuminate the study of texts of all sorts.
  • Considering Ethical Questions in (Non)Fiction: Reading and Writing About Graphic Novels

    Considering Ethical Questions in (Non)Fiction: Reading and Writing About Graphic Novels

    e Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy Considering Ethical Questions in (Non)Fiction: Reading and Writing about Graphic Novels Gene McQuillan Kingsborough Community College /The City University of New York Brooklyn, NY, USA [email protected] ABSTRACT Teachers often feature graphic novels in college courses, and recent research notes how these texts can help make the process of reading more engaging as well as more complex. Graphic novels help enhance a variety of “literacies”; they offer bold representations of people dealing with trauma or marginalization; they explore how “texts” can be re-invented; they exemplify how verbal and visual texts are often adapted; they are ideal primers for introducing basic concepts of “post-modernism.” However, two recurring textual complications in graphic novels can pose difficulties for students who are writing about ethical questions. First, graphic novels often present crucial scenes by relying heavily on the use of verbal silence (or near silence) while emphasizing visual images; second, the deeper ethical dimensions of such scenes are suggested rather than discussed through narration or dialogue. This article will explain some of the challenges and options for writing about graphic novels and ethics. Keywords: Graphic novels; ethics; literacies; Art Spiegelman; Maus; Alison Bechdel; Fun Home 38 Volume 5, Issue 1 Considering Ethical Questions in (Non)Fiction I am committed to using graphic novels in my English courses. This commitment can be a heavy one- -in my case, it sometimes weighs about 40 pounds. If one stopped by my Introduction to Literature course at Kingsborough Community College (the City University of New York), one could see exactly what I mean.
  • English 233: Tradition and Renewal in American Indian Literature

    English 233: Tradition and Renewal in American Indian Literature

    ENGLISH 233 Tradition and Renewal in American Indian Literature COURSE DESCRIPTION English 233 is an introduction to North American Indian verbal art. This course is designed to satisfy the General Education literary studies ("FSLT") requirement. FSLT courses are supposed to concentrate on textual interpretation; they are supposed to prompt you to analyze how meaning is (or, at least, may be) constructed by verbal artists and their audiences. Such courses are also supposed to give significant attention to how texts are created and received, to the historical and cultural contexts in which they are created and received, and to the relationship of texts to one another. In this course you will be doing all these things as you study both oral and written texts representative of emerging Native American literary tradition. You will be introduced to three interrelated kinds of "text": oral texts (in the form of videotapes of live traditional storytelling performances), ethnographic texts (in the form of transcriptions of the sorts of verbal artistry covered above), and "literary" texts (poetry and novels) written by Native Americans within the past 30 years that derive much of their authority from oral tradition. The primary focus of the course will be on analyzing the ways that meaning gets constructed in these oral and print texts. Additionally, in order to remain consistent with the objectives of the FSLT requirement, you will be expected to pay attention to some other matters that these particular texts raise and/or illustrate. These other concerns include (a) the shaping influence of various cultural and historical contexts in which representative Native American works are embedded; (b) the various literary techniques Native American writers use to carry storyteller-audience intersubjectivity over into print texts; and (c) the role that language plays as a generative, reality-inducing force in Native American cultural traditions.
  • Comics As a Medium Dor Inquiry: Urban Students (Re-)Designing Critical Social Worlds

    Comics As a Medium Dor Inquiry: Urban Students (Re-)Designing Critical Social Worlds

    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2015 Comics as a Medium dor Inquiry: Urban Students (Re-)Designing Critical Social Worlds David Eric Low University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Low, David Eric, "Comics as a Medium dor Inquiry: Urban Students (Re-)Designing Critical Social Worlds" (2015). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 1090. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1090 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1090 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Comics as a Medium dor Inquiry: Urban Students (Re-)Designing Critical Social Worlds Abstract Literacy scholars have argued that curricular remediation marginalizes the dynamic meaning-making practices of urban youth and ignores contemporary definitions of literacy as multimodal, socially situated, and tied to people's identities as members of cultural communities. For this reason, it is imperative that school-based literacy research unsettle status quos by foregrounding the sophisticated practices that urban students enact as a result, and in spite of, the marginalization they manage in educational settings. A hopeful site for honoring the knowledge of urban students is the nexus of alternative learning spaces that have taken on increased significance in ouths'y lives. Many of these spaces focus on young people's engagements with new literacies, multimodalities, the arts, and popular media, taking the stance that students' interests are inherently intellectual. The Cabrini Comics Inquiry Community (CCIC), located in a K-8 Catholic school in South Philadelphia, is one such space.
  • Native American Heritage

    Native American Heritage

    Contents 777777 Introduction . p.1 Important Points to Consider When Teaching About Native Americans . .p.2 Native American Storytelling Activities . .p.4 An Interview with Joseph Bruchac . .p.7 Native American Interest Titles . .p.11 Picture Books . .p.11 Novels . .p.14 illustration © Anna Vojtech from The First Strawberries: A Cherokee Story INTRODUCTION 777777 We are living in an age when it is possible for us to communicate almost instantaneously with people who live on the other side of the world. Yet, we are still strangers to one another. We have so much more to learn about each other's culture, history and traditions. As teachers, librarians and parents, we have the opportunity to help instill personal pride and a keen aware- ness of cultural identity in our young people. We also have a global responsibility to teach respect for our friends, for our neighbors and for the people we may never meet in person, but who share this place we call home, Earth. Books allow us to share our stories, our histories and to describe our hopes for the future. They provide a way in which we can express pride in who we are. We can read about the culture, traditions and dreams of others. In so doing, books open the door to creating a better under- standing of one another, help us to develop inter-cultural links and make it easier for us to lay the foundation of a more peaceful coexistence for future generations. One hundred years ago, it was estimated that there were as few as 240,000 Native Americans left.
  • American Literature Association a Coalition of Societies Devoted to the Study of American Authors

    American Literature Association a Coalition of Societies Devoted to the Study of American Authors

    American Literature Association A Coalition of Societies Devoted to the Study of American Authors 28th Annual Conference on American Literature May 25-28, 2017 Conference Director Olivia Carr Edenfield Georgia Southern University Program Draft as of April 25, 2017 This on-line draft of the program is designed to provide information to participants in our 28th conference and provide them with an opportunity to make corrections. Participants should check the description of their papers and panels to ensure that names and titles and other information are spelled appropriately. Organizers of Panels should verify that all sessions are listed properly, including business meetings that have been requested. It may be possible to add a business meeting. Also, organizers must make sure that they have contacted each of their panelists about registering for the conference. Please see below the important information regarding conference registration. Times of Panels: If there is a conflict in the program (i.e., someone is booked to appear in two places at the same time), please let me know immediately. The program indicates that a few slots for business meetings are still open, but it will be difficult to make other changes. You can presume that the day of your panel is now fixed in stone (and it will not change without the concurrence of every person on that panel) but it may be necessary to make minor changes in the time of a panel. Audio-Visual Equipment: The program makes note of all sessions that have requested AV. Please understand that it may be difficult or impossible to add any audio-visual requests at this point, but individuals may make such requests.
  • A Coalition of Societies Devoted to the Study of American Authors 28 Annual Conference on American Literature May 25 – 28, 20

    A Coalition of Societies Devoted to the Study of American Authors 28 Annual Conference on American Literature May 25 – 28, 20

    American Literature Association A Coalition of Societies Devoted to the Study of American Authors 28th Annual Conference on American Literature May 25 – 28, 2017 The Westin Copley Place 10 Huntington Avenue Boston, MA 02116 Conference Director: Olivia Carr Edenfield Georgia Southern University American Literature Association A Coalition of Societies Devoted to the Study of American Authors 28th Annual Conference on American Literature May 25 – 28, 2017 Acknowledgements: The Conference Director, along with the Executive Board of the ALA, wishes to thank all of the society representatives and panelists for their contributions to the conference. Special appreciation to those good sports who good-heartedly agreed to chair sessions. The American Literature Association expresses its gratitude to Georgia Southern University and its Department of Literature and Philosophy for its consistent support. We are grateful to Rebecca Malott, Administrative Assistant for the Department of Literature and Philosophy at Georgia Southern University, for her patient assistance throughout the year. Particular thanks go once again to Georgia Southern University alumna Megan Flanery for her assistance with the program. We are indebted to Molly J. Donehoo, ALA Executive Assistant, for her wise council and careful oversight of countless details. The Association remains grateful for our webmaster, Rene H. Treviño, California State University, Long Beach, and thank him for his timely service. I speak for all attendees when I express my sincerest appreciation to Alfred Bendixen, Princeton University, Founder and Executive Director of the American Literature Association, for his 28 years of devoted service. We offer thanks as well to ALA Executive Coordinators James Nagel, University of Georgia, and Gloria Cronin, Brigham Young University.
  • The Gullah Language

    The Gullah Language

    The Gullah Language The Gullah language is what linguists call an English-based creole language. Creoles arise in the context of trade, colonialism, and slavery when people of diverse backgrounds are thrown together and must forge a common means of communication. According to one view, creole languages are essentially hybrids that blend linguistic influences from a variety of different sources. In the case of Gullah, the vocabulary is largely from the English "target language," the speech of the socially and economically dominant group; but the African "substrate languages" have altered the pronunciation of almost all the English words, influenced the grammar and sentence structure, and provided a sizable minority of the vocabulary. Many early scholars made the mistake of viewing the Gullah language as "broken English," because they failed to recognize the strong underlying influence of African languages. But linguists today view Gullah, and other creoles, as full and complete Sea Island Gullahs, about 1930. languages with their own systematic grammatical structures. Source: http://www.yale.edu/glc/gullah/06.htm 4/21/2014 Native Words Native Warriors The Code Talkers’ role in war required intelligence and brav ery . They dev eloped and memorized a special code. They endured some of the most dangerous battles and remained calm under fire. They serv ed proudly , with honor and distinction. Their actions prov ed critical in sev eral important campaigns, and they are credited with sav ing thousands of American and allies’ liv es. Nav ajo Code Talkers Corporal For thousands of y ears, American Indian men hav e Henry Bake, Jr., (lef t) and Priv ate protected their communities and lands.