Index

Abbeville Agreement, 26 Army and Aviation Missile Command Abrams’ Doctrine, 160 (AMCOM), 242 Advanced Section (ADSEC), 42, 87 Army Appropriations Act, 1916, 17 Advance headquarters (ADSOS), 42 Army aviation, 167 Advise and Assist Brigades (AABs), Army Capabilities Integration Center 278 (ARCIC), 296 Afghan National Army (ANA), 223 Army Field Support Brigade (AFSB), Afloat preposition stocks, 167–169 275 Air Defense Artillery, 268 Army Force Generation Air Force airlift control elements (ARFORGEN), 283 (ALCE), 157 Army Forces (ARFOR), 194 Air Operations Center (AOC), Army Preposition Stocks (APS), 168, 157 249 Airport of embarkation (APOE), Army Service Command (ASCOM), 157 44 Airports of debarkation (APOD), 157, Army Transport Service (ATS), 219, 202, 220 15, 27 Air Terminal Movement Control Army watercraft, 158–159 Team (ATMCT), 213, 256 Arrival airfield control group (AACG), Air transportation, 155 157 Air Transport Command (ATC), 52 Arrival/Departure Airfield Control Allied Forces Southern Europe Group (A/DACG), 176, (AFSOUTH), 210 207, 220, 222, 313 Al Qaeda, 220 Asia Pacific Theater, World War II Altair, 196, 197 China Burma India Theater of Alternate Supply Route (ASR), 257 Operation, 50–56 American Comorant, 196, 197 Leyte, 44–46 American Eagle, 162 Luzon, 46–48 American military transportation military transportation before war, Great War, 16–28 31–36 interwar reforms, 15–16 New Guinea Campaign, 39–44 Spanish–American War, 11–15 retrograde, 49 American Railway Association, 17 Southwest Pacific Area, 36–38 Area Transportation Movement surrender, 49 Offices (ATMO) Australia Base Section (ABSEC), 47 ATMO I, 165 Automated Manifest System (AMS), ATMO II, 165 208 ATMO III, 165 Automation, 169–171, 324 Armored Division, 214 “Auto-Zone” concept, 263 364 Index

Aviation Applied Technology COMZ, Europe, 101–105 Directorate (AATD), 119 DeLong Pier, 122–123 Aviation Corps, 324 DEW line, 122 Aviation intermediate maintenance Europe, 155, 316 (AVIM), 202 Korean War, 106–107 Maneuver Campaign, 1950, Baltimore–Washington International 107–112 (BWI), 226 origins, 99 Barge Amphibious Resupply Cargo Pentomic Division, 105–106 (BARC), 121 retrograde, 116–118 Basic Officer Leadership Course stalemate operations, 112–115 (BOLC), 320 TC aviation, 118–120 “Block-Operators” training, 113 technological development, Brigade combat team (BCT), 224 118 Brigade Special Troops Battalion Combat sustainment support battal- (BSTB), 287 ions (CSSBs), 225 Brigade support battalions (BSBs), 225 Combined Arms Route Clearance Operations (CARCO), Camp Able Sentry (CAS), 214 244 CENTCOM Deployment and Combined Arms Support Command Distribution Operations (CASCOM), 208, 224, 281, Center (CDDOC), 225–226 318 CENTCOM Materiel Retrograde Combined Forces Air Component Element (CMRE), 243 Command (CFACC), Central Receiving and Shipping Point 219 (CRSP), 322 Combined Joint Task Force-180 Chief of Transportation, 169 (CJTF-180), 221 Chief regulating officer (CREGO), 43 Combined Operations Service China Burma India Theater of Opera- Command (COSC), 40 tion, 50–56 Combined Task Force 48 (CTF-48), Chinese Communist Army (CCA), 110 289 Cigarette Camps, 93 Commander’s Emergency Response Civic Crusade, 171 Program (CERP), 240 Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF), 178, Commercial railroad companies, 32 252 Common User Land Transportation Civil War, 5, 10, 24 (CULT), 262, 317 Coalition Forces Land Component Communications-Electronics Com- Command (CFLCC), 250, mand (CECOM), 242 254 Communication Zone (COMZ), 4, 22, Cold War, 316 33, 57 Aerial Tramway, 122–123 Consequences of Haiti, 296–298 armistice, 116 Containers express (CONEX), 8 Army watercraft, 120–122 Contingency Response Group, 219 Berlin airlift, 99–101 Corps Support Battalion (CSB), 220 Index 365

Corps Support Command (COSCOM), Expeditionary Railway Center, 238 162, 165, 185, 195, 248 Explosive Ordnance Demolition headquarters, 202 (EOD), 9 mission essential tasks, 201 Express Cargo Service, 44

Defense Depot Region East (DDRE), Field Artillery, 268 209 Foreign Excess Personal Property Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), 232, (FEPP), 242 239, 303 Foreign Excess Real Property (FERP), Defense Transportation Tracking 242 System (DTTS), 171 Forward Area Armament and Refuel Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), 116 Points (FAARPs), 176, 202, Department of the Army Movement 261–262 Management Systems Forward logistical element (FLE), 220 (DAMMS), 170 French rail lines, 22 Department of the Army Movement Functional vs. multifunctional Management logistics, 319–323 Systems-Redesign (DAMMS-R), 170 General Dynamics Mission System Deployment/Redeployment Control (GDMS), 231 Cell (DRCC), 294 Global Positioning Satellite, 256 Desert Shield/Desert Storm, 177–192, Global positioning system (GPS), 171 239 G-3 Plans, 160 Dingidads, 173 Director General of Transportation Heavy Equipment Transports (HETs), (DGT), 21 159, 210 Distribution Deployment Support Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Team (DDST), 282 Truck (HEMTT), 159 Division Support Command High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled (DISCOM), 161 Vehicle (HMMWV), 199, Doppler Effect, 170 200, 264 DUKWs, 86 Hurricane Maria, 306–309 Hurricane Matthew, 304–306 Eagle Express, 213 Eastern Inspection Branch (EIB), 201 Improved Navy Lighterage System Eighth US Army (EUSA), 164 (INLS), 288 Elaborate Maze, 172 Improvised Explosive Device (IED), Embarkation Service, 18 36, 227 Emergency Deployment Readiness Inland Petroleum Distribution System Exercises (EDRE), 157 (IPDS), 254 Energy formed projectile (EFP), 268 Intermediate Section (INTERSEC), 42 Engineer Special Brigades (ESBs), 34 Intermediate staging base (ISB), 200, European Theater of Operations 218, 300 (ETO), 57–95, 84–93 Internal combustion engine, 6 366 Index

International Security Assistance Force Landing craft, vehicle, personnel (ISAF), 221, 275 (LCVP), 41 In-transit visibility, 221 Landing ship dock (LSD), 41 Intrinsic Action, 249–251 Landing ship personnel (LSP), 41 Iranian Hostage Crisis, 167 Landing Ship, Tank (LST), 41, 67 Iraqi Railroad (IRR), 261 Laundry-Shower-Vitals, 205 Iraqi Truck Company (ITC), 274 LCU-2000, 159 Iraqi Trucking Network (ITN), 274 Leapfrogging, 66, 247, 259 Legacy, 9–10 Jingle Air, 228 Leyte, 44–46 Joint Airlift Control (JALCO), 110 Liberty Truck, 24 Joint Contracting Command Iraq/ Light Armored Infantry (LAI), 173 Afghanistan (JCCIA), 274 Light Armored Vehicles (LAV), 173 Joint Development System (JDS), 156 Lighter Air Cushion Vehicle Joint High Speed Vessels (JHSVs), 252 (LACV)-30, 158 Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Lighter, Amphibious Resupply Cargo Organization (JIDO), 269 (LARC), 7 Joint Logistics Command (JLC), 222 Lines of communication, 21, 37 Joint Logistics Over the Shore Load Handling Systems (LHS), 230 (JLOTS), 195, 251, 281, 291 Logistical Support Area (LSA), 290 Joint Movement Center (JMC), 201, Logistics Application of Automated 206, 219, 248 Marking and Reading Joint Movement Control Battalion Symbols (LOGMARS), (JMCB), 243 170 Joint Operating, Planning and Logistics branches, US army, 9–10 Execution System (JOPES), Logistics Civil Augmentation Program 156, 172, 245, 283 (LOGCAP), 166, 207, 254, Joint Operations Planning System 275 (JOPS), 156, 160 Logistics operation, 3–5, 5 Joint Task Force, 199, 206 Logistics over the shore (LOTS), 104, Joint Task Force-Port Opening 313 (JTF-PO), 237 Logistic Support Vessels (LSV), 158 Logistic Task Force (LTF), 220 Korean Communication Zone Low Cost, Low Altitude (LCLA), 228 (KCOMZ), 114 Luzon, 46–48 Korean War, 124, 166, 316 Luzon Base Section (LUBSEC), 47 Kosovo Liberation Army, 214 Kurds, 247 Main Supply Route (MSR), 183, 257, La Comandancia, 175 261 Landing Craft Mechanized-3 Marine Air Ground Task Force (LCM-3), 41 (MAGTF), 305 Landing Craft, Tank (LCT), 67 Marine Air Ground Task Force II Landing Craft Utilities (LCUs), 120, Deployment Support System 159, 284 II (MDSS II), 207 Index 367

Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF), Military Traffic Management 194 Command (MTMC), 194, Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU), 281 195, 218 Military transportation Maritime Prepositioning Squadrons communication, 2–3 (MPS) Explosive Ordnance Demolition MPS-1, 168 (EOD), 9 MPS-2, 168 legacy vs. function, 9–10 MPS-3, 168 logistics branches, US army, 9–10 Maritime Sealift Command, 4, 168, technology, 5–8 169 US Armed Forces, 1 M-1117 Armored Support Vehicle, war and logistics operations levels, 273 3–5 Materiel handling equipment (MHE), Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected 251 (MRAP), 273 Materiel Redistribution Teams Mobile Container Assistance Teams (MRTs), 243 (MCATs), 242 Maximum on the ground (MOG), 289 Mobile Tracking System (MTS), 236, McKinley, William, 14 256 Meals-ready-to-eat (MREs), 291 Monrovian Medical Units (MMU), Military Airlift Command (MAC), 155 299 Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point Monster Garage, 265 (MOTSU), 179 Motor Transport Branch, 33 Military Operations Other Than War Motor Transport Corps, 25, 27 (MOOTW) Motor Transport Service (MTS), 49 Kosovo, 214–216 Motortruck companies, 24 Operation Joint Endeavor, 209–214 Mujahidin, 220 Operation Restore Hope, 194–200 Multi-National Corps-Iraq, 265 Operation Uphold Democracy, 200–208 National Afghan Trucking (NAT) Radio Frequency Identification Contract, 243 (RFID), 208–209 Naval Mobile Construction Battalion Military rail, 10 (NMCB), 196 Military Region (MR) I, 165 Naval Overseas Transportation Service Military Sealift Command (MSC), 155 (NOTS), 20 Military Standard Requisition and Navigation System with Timing and Issue Procedures Ranging (NAVSTAR), 171 (MILSTRIP), 209 New army, 155–192 Military Standard Transportation and New Guinea Base Section (NUBSEC), Movement Procedures 47 (MILSTAMP), 209 New Guinea Campaign, 39–44 Military Traffic Management and Nimrod Dancer, 173 Terminal Service North Africa Theater of Operation, (MTMTS), 99 58–66 368 Index

North Atlantic Treaty Organization Operation Unified Response, 282–296 (NATO), 155 Operation United Assistance, 298–304 Northern Distribution Network Operation Uphold Democracy, (NDN), 233–234, 240 200–208 Northern Offshore Discharge Exercise Operation Urgent Fury, 160–163 (NODEX), 123, 124 Ordnance Corps, 9, 10 North Vietnamese Army, 155 Pakistan Ground Line of Office of the Chief of Transportation Communication (OCOT), 34 (PakGLOC), 226, 233, 244 Offshore Discharge of Container Ship Palletized Load Handling Systems Exercise II (OSDOCII), (PLS), 211, 220, 230, 250 158 Pearl Harbor, 36 Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm, Philippine Base Section (PHIBSEC), 177–191 48 Operation Drumbeat, 242–245 Pollux, 196, 197 Operation Enduring Freedom Portable bar code reader (PBCR), CDDOC, 225–226 170 distribution, 231–233 Port of Debarkation (POD), 3 expansion, 226–231 Port of Embarkation (POE), 3 Expeditionary Railway Center, 238 Post-Vietnam Army, 160, 224 modularity, 223–225 Prepositioning of Materiel Configured Northern Distribution Network in Unit Sets (POMCUS), (NDN), 233–234 155 Operation Drumbeat, 242–245 Program Executive Office for Tactical retrograde, 238–242 Wheeled Vehicles surge, 234–238 (PEO-TWV), 199 Operation Iraqi Freedom, 217, 312 Provincial reconstruction teams deployment, 251–257 (PRTs), 223 ground offensive, 257–260 Public Warehousing Company (PWC), Intrinsic Action, 249–251 255 modularity, 270–272 Operation Scatter, 248–249 Quartermaster Corps, 9, 10, 24, 32, 33, Operations Plan (OPLAN) 1003V, 320 248–249 Quartermaster truck regiments, 33 retrograde, 274–278 surge, 272–274 Radio frequency identification sustainment matures, 260–269 (RFID), 208–209, 214 Operation Joint Endeavor, 209–214 Railway Transportation Corps, 22 Operation Just Cause, 171–177 Railway Transportation Officer Operation Restore Hope, 194–200 (RTO), 23–24 Operation Scatter, 248–249 Rapid Deployment Force (RDF), 155 Operations Plan (OPLAN) 1003V, Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force 248–249 (RDJTF), 157 Index 369

Rapid port opening Southern France, 79–84 consequences of Haiti, 296–298 Southwest Pacific Area, 36–38 Hurricane Maria, 306–309 Spanish–American War, 4, 11–15 Hurricane Matthew, 304–306 Special Army Observer Group Operation Unified Response, (SPOBS), 57 282–296 Special Troops Battalion (STB), 225, Operation United Assistance, 271 298–304 Standard Army Retail Supply System Rapid Port Opening Elements (SARSS), 242 (RPOE), 282, 285, 290, 305, Steam-powered river boats, 6 313 Strategic Movement Center (SMC), Reception, Staging and Onward 248 movement (RSO), 4, 313 Strategic transportation, 4 Reception, Staging, Onward Subsistence Prime Vendor (SPV), 231 Movement, and Integration Subsistence Total Ordering and (RSO&I), 4 Receipt Electronic System Red Ball Express, 91 (STORES), 232 Redeployment, Europe, 93–94 Sunnis, 247 Redistribution Property Account- Supply over the beach (SOB), 104 ability Team (RPAT), 240 Supply Support Activity (SSA), 263 Reorganization Objective Army Supply Unit Northeastern Command Division (ROAD), 106 (SUNEC), 122 Republic of Korea Army (ROKA), 117 Surface Deployment and Distribution Republic of Korean (ROK) Army, 107 Command (SDDC), 15, 223, Retrograde, 49, 93–94 239, 269, 281, 313 Return of Forces to Germany Surrender, 49 (REFORGER), 155 Sustainment brigades (SBs), 225 Reverse Osmosis Water Purification Sustainment operations, 5 Unit (ROWPU), 181, 205, 254 Table of distribution and allowances Rotary-wing aircraft, 119 (TDA), 164 Rough Terrain Cargo Handler Tables of organization and equipment (RTCH), 162, 196 (TOE), 164 Royal Australian Navy and Air Force, Tactical Assembly Area (TAA), 211 36 Taliban, 220, 227, 230 Tank-Automotive Command Seaport Operations Company (SOC), (TACOM), 242 291 Task Force Support Command Ship Priority and Destination Board (JTFSC), 195 (SPDB), 185 Technology, 5–8 Sicily, 66–72 Temporary truck units, 113 Skunk Werks, 265 Terminal Supervisory Team (TST), 294 Software Development Center-Lee Theater Army Area Command (SDCL), 170 (TAACOM), 210 370 Index

Theater Army Control Agency United Nations Somalia (UNISOM), (TAMCA), 166 194 Theater Permanent Equipment (TPE), United States Atlantic Command 226 (USLANTCOM), 200 Theater Support Command (TSC), United States Railway Administration 247 (USRA), 17–18 Theater Support Vessel (TSV)-X1, 252 United Task Force (UNITAF), 194 Time Phased Force Deployment Data Unit Movement Officers (UMOs), 207 (TPFDD), 171, 174, 181, Unmanned aerial drones, 324 195, 249 US Armed Forces, 155, 312 Total Army Allocation, 238 US Army Air Corps, 36 Total Army Analysis (TAA), 325 US Army Aviation Logistics School Traffic Control Branch, 33 (USAALS), 167 Training and Doctrine Command US Army Europe (USAREUR), 155, (TRADOC), 167, 224, 296 170 Transportation Battalion, 249 US Army Forces, British Isles Transportation Command (USAFBI), 58 (TRANSCOM), 248 US Army Forces – Far East Transportation Coordinators (USAFFE), 36–37 Automated Command and US Army Services of Supply Control Information System (USASOS), 37 (TC-ACCIS), 170 US Army South (USARSO), 173 Transportation Corps, 9, 10 US Army Transportation Command Transportation Corps Regiment, 169 Europe (USATCE), 165 Transportation Major Port (TMP), 122 US Central Air Force (CENTAF), Transportation Military Railway 248 Service (TMRS), 108 US Central Command (CENTCOM), Transportation Movement Control 177, 218, 219 Agency (TMCA), 165 US Forces-Afghanistan (USFOR-A), Transportation movement requests 239 (TMR), 303 US Forces Command (FORSCOM), Transportation Service, 22, 23, 33, 91 177, 313 Transportation Terminal Group, US Marine Corps, 41 Europe (TTGE), 156 US Navy to the Army Quartermaster Transportation Theater Opening Department, 10 Element (TTOE), 225, 237, US Southern Command 271, 281 (SOUTHCOM), 172, 283 Transport Movement Control (TMC), US Special Operations Command 110 (USSOCOM), 163–164 “Trigger pullers,” 14 US Transportation Command “Truck Bank.”, 114 (TRANSCOM), 163, 178, 285 United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR), 210 V Corps, 252, 259, 279 Index 371

Vietnam, 155, 162, 247, 314 sustainment, 136–137 advisor phase, 126–127 third buildup, 144–145 convoy security, 145–149 expediting sea cargo, 143–144 Water Transportation Branch, 33 Government Operational Wheeled vehicle fleet, 159–160 Experimental Research World Food Program (WFP), 294 (GOER), 142–143 World War I, 20, 160, 316 JLOTS, 149–150 World War II, 8, 160, 312, 324 LAPES, 149–150 World Wide Command and Control lesson, 152–153 System (WWMCS), 195 onward movement, 133–136 Worldwide Military Command and reception, 133–136 Control System retrograde, 151–152 (WWMCCS), 171 Riverine, 149–150 second increment, 137–142 XVIII Airborne Corps, 174, 175, 179, strategic deployment, 131–133 190, 287, 295 strategic transportation, 127–131