DOCSLIB.ORG

Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul Faculdade De Biociências Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Zoologia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul Faculdade De Biociências Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Zoologia PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL FACULDADE DE BIOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ZOOLOGIA TESE DE DOUTORADO ANÁLISE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DO MELANISMO NA FAMÍLIA FELIDAE EM FUNÇÃO DE CONDICIONANTES AMBIENTAIS Lucas Gonçalves da Silva Orientador: Dr. Eduardo Eizirik Porto Alegre – RS – Brasil 2014 LUCAS GONÇALVES DA SILVA ANÁLISE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DO MELANISMO NA FAMÍLIA FELIDAE EM FUNÇÃO DE CONDICIONANTES AMBIENTAIS Tese apresentada como requisito para obtenção do grau de Doutor pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia da Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Orientador: Dr. Eduardo Eizirik Porto Alegre – RS – Brasil 2014 LUCAS GONÇALVES DA SILVA ANÁLISE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DO MELANISMO NA FAMÍLIA FELIDAE EM FUNÇÃO DE CONDICIONANTES AMBIENTAIS Tese apresentada como requisito para obtenção do grau de Doutor pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia da Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Aprovada em: _____ de ____________________ de ______. BANCA EXAMINADORA: ___________________________________ Prof. Dr. ___________________________________ Prof. Dr. ___________________________________ Prof. Dr. Porto Alegre – RS – Brasil 2014 Aos que acreditaram, incentivaram e colaboraram com esse projeto. AGRADECIMENTOS Durante quatro anos do doutorado estive rodeado de muitas pessoas importantes e sem elas alcançar esse objetivo provavelmente teria sido muito mais difícil. Porém, como muitas coisas na minha vida descendem de muitos anos, não só pessoas que conviveram comigo nesse período dos últimos quatro anos, mas que contribuíram na minha história tem uma parte da minha gratidão nesse momento. Com certeza a união de todos que citarei nas próximas linhas que fez tudo isso acontecer. Em primeiro lugar agradeço ao meu orientador Prof. Dr. Eduardo Eizirik pela oportunidade, confiança, orientação e parceria durante esse período. Sem os ensinamentos, compartilhamento de experiências e de todo o conhecimento científico esse projeto não seria possível. Orientado normalmente espelha-se muito em seu orientador, e você é um exemplo de grande pesquisador e chama atenção pela dedicação e entusiasmo com que encara o trabalho. Duda, meu sincero muito obrigado. Em segundo lugar gostaria de agradecer a minha família. Meus pais Nersi Maria G. da Silva e Luiz Alberto G. da Silva por toda a educação, compreensão e incentivo a estudar minha vida toda. Aos meus irmãos Diego G. da Silva, Luis Felipe G. da Silva e Valentina G. da Silva pelos momentos familiares e todo o carinho. Também aos meus avós e demais familiares. Amo todos vocês. Um agradecimento especial a todos os pesquisadores/colaboradores brasileiros e estrangeiros que de alguma forma contribuíram com esse projeto. Foram mais de 100 pesquisadores de mais de 20 países que compartilharam seus dados, fotos, experiências e produções conosco, parte muito importante para a elaboração desse estudo. São eles: Peter Crawshaw Jr., Ronaldo Morato, Laury Cullen Jr., Leandro Silveira, Edsel Amorim Jr., Tadeu de Oliveira, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Jorge Cherém, Rony García-Anleu, Katia Barros Ferraz, Francesca Palmeira, Daniel Rocha, Emiliano Ramalho, Renata Pitman, Patricia Medici, Christoph Knogge, Rogerio Cunha de Paula, Tiago Freitas, Esteban Payan, Benoit de Thoisy, Agustin Paviolo, Mario DiBitteti, Alexandre Vogliotti, Linda Gordon, Denis Sana, Kristofer Helgen, Eileen Westwig, Andrew Stein, Esther Langan, Milind Pariwakam, Biswajit Mohanty, Kashmira Kakati, Philip Ross, Anton Ario, Ezekiel Fabiano, Andrew Kittle, Kae Kawanishi, Bruce Kekule, Reuben Clements, Arezoo Sanei, Thomas Gray, Shu Jin Luo, Beatriz Beisiegel, Philipp Henschel, Stephen Brend, Stuart Pimm, Corey Bradshaw, Vidya Atreya, Dipankar Ghose, Sandeep Sharma, Arash Ghoddousi, Thaiane Weinert, Sayed Babak, Bertha Ferrars, Jane Budd, Yury Shibnev, Ekaterina Nicolaeva, Alexander Reebin, João Feliz de Moraes, Guy Balme, Michelle Altenkirk, Allwen Jesudasan, Igor Khorozian, David Stanton, David Macdonald, Mel Sunquist, Accioly Gomes, Micheline Vergara, Johnny Jensen, Kevin Flesher, Keila Juarez, Angad Achappa, Guilherme Ferreira, Divya Mudappa, Joseph Vattakaven, Andrew Hearn, Jean Remy Makana, Ashley Vosper, John Hart, David Burslem, Staline Kibet, Glen Reynolds, Dale Miquelle, Muhammad Waseem, Annemarie Stewart, Constanza Napolitano, Hans Bauer, Ullas Karanth, Carlos DeAngelo, Sonam Wang, John Goodrich, Shomita Mukherjee, Limin Feng, Will Mesquita, Leonardo Viana, Fabricio Santos, Fernando Tortato, Felipe Gomes, Marcelo Mazzoli, Iran de Souza, Marina Xavier, Felipe Peters, Caroline Sartor, Everton Behr, Germano Woehl Jr., Rafael Garziera, Guilherme Trovati, Flavia Conte, Veronica Quiroga, Erika Cuyckens, Javier Pereira, Juan Carlos Chebez, Leonardo Maffei, Juan Ortega, Jose Moreira, Rob Pickles, Rodolfo Vasquez, Jonatan Soares, Juliana Santos, Anibal Parera, Michael Tewes, Francisco Illescas, Samuel Santos, Adriano Paglia, Amanda Galvão, Ashok Kumar, Paula Almeida, Diana Uribe, Marco Antonio Rego, Rose Morato, Christina Connoly, Samuel Perez, Analice Calaça, Eric Sanderson, Regis Lahm, Julio Cesar Bicca-Marques, Sandro Bonatto, Nelson Fontoura, Natalia Tôrres, Fabio Mazim, Tathiana Bagatini, Ricardo Boulhosa, Carlos de Angelo, Gustavo Fonseca, Adilson Schneider, Mauro Lucherini, Diego Queirolo, Alexandre Uezu, Cláudio Pádua, Frederico Lemos, Rodolpho Mafei, Suely Aguiar, Apolonio Nelson, Vladimir Dinets, Rebeca Mascarenhas, Raquel Moura, Neil Carter, Anthony Giordano e Alice Laguardia. Gostaria também de agradecer às instituições que cederam dados e colaboraram com o andamento do trabalho: American Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Panthera, Wildlife Conservation Society, World Wild Fund, IUCN Cat Specialist Group, Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, Instituto Biotrópicos, CENAP ICMBio, Instituto Pro-Carnívoros, Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis, National Geographic Society, Projeto Carnívoros do Iguaçu, Jaguar Conservation Fund, Conservation International, Universidade de São Paulo, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Society for Conservation Biology, Instituto Mamirauá, Ceiba, Proyecto Yaguarete, Asian Leopard Specialist Group, Carnívoros das Serras, S.P.E.C.I.E.S, International Society of Zoological Sciences, Lion Guardians, Projeto Onçafari, Wildlife Conservation Trust, Duke University, Peking University, MunYa Wana Leopard Project, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Oxford WildCru, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Conicet, Felidae Conservation Fund, Conservation India, Cape Leopard Trust, Atree India, Cheetah Conservation Project, Ocelot Project, Nature Conservation Foundation, Environmental Systems Research Institute, Clark Labs, Global Biodiversity Information Facility e Ministério do Meio Ambiente do Brasil. Agradeço à Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia e aos professores do PPG. Agradeço ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) pela bolsa concedida. Um muito obrigado a todos os colegas de laboratório, pela convivência e trabalho em equipe de todos os dias: Manoel Rodrigues, Renata Bornholdt, Taiana Haag, Tatiane Trigo, Flavia Tirelli, Henrique Fiqueiró, Fernanda Pedone, Talita Pereira, Cris Trinca, Mirian Tsuchiya, Alexsandra Schneider, Laura Heidtmann, Ana Cypriano, Carla Pires, Adriana Giongo, Taiz Simão, Marina Favarini, Tiago Ferraz, Mauricio Bogo, Laura Utz, Italo Mourthe, Fabíola Pereira e demais colegas. Valeu "Genômicos"!. Muito obrigado Liana Webber, pelo amor e compreensão em todos os momentos. O último ano do meu doutorado foi bem mais feliz ao teu lado. Agradeço aos meus muitos amigos, do Brasil e exterior, pelos momentos felizes e pelo apoio em todas as horas. E a todas as pessoas que não estão citadas aqui mas participaram de alguma forma de tudo isso. Sinceros agradecimentos a todos, de coração. “Earth and sky, woods and fields, lakes and rivers, the mountain and the sea, are excellent schoolmasters, and teach some of us more than we can ever learn from books.” - John Lubbock (The Use of Life, 1894) - SUMÁRIO RESUMO ...................................................................................................................... 01 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. 03 CAPÍTULO 1: INTRODUÇÃO GERAL .................................................................. 05 1. Diversidade de coloração e o melanismo em populações naturais ...................... 06 2. Ocorrência do melanismo em felinos ..................................................................... 08 3. Aspectos biológicos das espécies foco ..................................................................... 11 3.1. A onça-pintada ( Panthera onca ) (Linneaus, 1758) .................................................... 11 3.2. O jaguarundi ( Puma yagouaroundi ) (Geoffroy, 1803) ............................................... 14 3.3. O leopardo ( Panthera pardus ) (Linneaus, 1758) ....................................................... 15 4. Modelagem de distribuição de espécies como ferramenta para estudos de ecologia, conservação e evolução ................................................................................ 17 5. Objetivos ..................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Buhlmann Etal 2009.Pdf
    Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 2009, 8(2): 116–149 g 2009 Chelonian Research Foundation A Global Analysis of Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Distributions with Identification of Priority Conservation Areas 1 2 3 KURT A. BUHLMANN ,THOMAS S.B. AKRE ,JOHN B. IVERSON , 1,4 5 6 DENO KARAPATAKIS ,RUSSELL A. MITTERMEIER ,ARTHUR GEORGES , 7 5 1 ANDERS G.J. RHODIN ,PETER PAUL VAN DIJK , AND J. WHITFIELD GIBBONS 1University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, South Carolina 29802 USA [[email protected]; [email protected]]; 2Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Longwood University, 201 High Street, Farmville, Virginia 23909 USA [[email protected]]; 3Department of Biology, Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana 47374 USA [[email protected]]; 4Savannah River National Laboratory, Savannah River Site, Building 773-42A, Aiken, South Carolina 29802 USA [[email protected]]; 5Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, Virginia 22202 USA [[email protected]; [email protected]]; 6Institute for Applied Ecology Research Group, University of Canberra, Australian Capitol Territory 2601, Canberra, Australia [[email protected]]; 7Chelonian Research Foundation, 168 Goodrich Street, Lunenburg, Massachusetts 01462 USA [[email protected]] ABSTRACT. – There are currently ca. 317 recognized species of turtles and tortoises in the world. Of those that have been assessed on the IUCN Red List, 63% are considered threatened, and 10% are critically endangered, with ca. 42% of all known turtle species threatened. Without directed strategic conservation planning, a significant portion of turtle diversity could be lost over the next century. Toward that conservation effort, we compiled museum and literature occurrence records for all of the world’s tortoises and freshwater turtle species to determine their distributions and identify priority regions for conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Endemism of Woody Plant Species in the Equatorial Pacific Seasonally Dry Forests
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector Biodivers Conserv (2010) 19:169–185 DOI 10.1007/s10531-009-9713-4 ORIGINAL PAPER Diversity and endemism of woody plant species in the Equatorial Pacific seasonally dry forests Reynaldo Linares-Palomino Æ Lars Peter Kvist Æ Zhofre Aguirre-Mendoza Æ Carlos Gonzales-Inca Received: 7 October 2008 / Accepted: 10 August 2009 / Published online: 16 September 2009 Ó The Author(s) 2009. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract The biodiversity hotspot of the Equatorial Pacific region in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru comprises the most extensive seasonally dry forest formations west of the Andes. Based on a recently assembled checklist of the woody plants occurring in this region, we analysed their geographical and altitudinal distribution patterns. The montane seasonally dry forest region (at an altitude between 1,000 and 1,100 m, and the smallest in terms of area) was outstanding in terms of total species richness and number of endemics. The extensive seasonally dry forest formations in the Ecuadorean and Peruvian lowlands and hills (i.e., forests below 500 m altitude) were comparatively much more species poor. It is remarkable though, that there were so many fewer collections in the Peruvian departments and Ecuadorean provinces with substantial mountainous areas, such as Ca- jamarca and Loja, respectively, indicating that these places have a potentially higher number of species. We estimate that some form of protected area (at country, state or private level) is currently conserving only 5% of the approximately 55,000 km2 of remaining SDF in the region, and many of these areas protect vegetation at altitudes below 500 m altitude.
    [Show full text]
  • Zi[ EN BIODIVERSIDAD)? 11I
    _ ---------- -i _l_ - ________ _ _ .. ~~~_._.G=.:_.__ _ _ ._.._,_,___,_____ _,_,o_ssw__ r____I_____.-- ,.................. ,,. 15_ j s - -- ,,.nn......................................... == -- -_: _: . -. - . = -- LO NI~~~- Public Disclosure Authorized CIP)~~ ~ ~~- = I 7 i s s s Public Disclosure Authorized - i, z 2. L ~LLj t1~ t !- (9~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~L Public Disclosure Authorized 0E 0 . _ - . _ _ - . r~ ~ ~ ~ .. Public Disclosure Authorized . I''U' "71111 ;:01i11:Ii 1^/]N: 1 I 1 HO1riON INVESTMENTS: I diversity Funding in H i J the Caribbean I ( Z t rt .I 'I ussell, L. Cornwell and E. Fajer zI[ EN BIODIVERSIDAD)? 11i. lEvwili I liento para la Biodiversidad ri c I 1:i na y el Caribe (: ( Linv c ) 1 Russell, L. Cornwell y E. Fajer 35111 Biodiversity Support Program Washington, DC 'l t 1 DII" World Bank -~W .~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~. IA11I.E (! ) iTi NTrs TABLA DE CONTENIDOS Ackrio' v eil I ntsri 5 Reconocimientos 5 Exerut ve r via ryt 7 Resumen Ejecutivo 7 I i -,)du I c- to Introduccion Io 're\ c:l', ( ' w tion Funri v k ;essn mnt 12 Evaluaciones Previas sobre Financiamiento Bloc vn r! j r dme Asscs i 1 i i )r LA 13 para la Conservaci6n 12 Evaluacion del Financiamiento para la Mle t iod i 14 Biodiversidad en LAC 13 Metodos '4 Info nia: ( ^ llected 14 Encuesta 14 IPot( ] la ii m-sof Errot 15 Informacion Recolectada 14 Re5zu Its et id t ssicn 1 Fuentes Potenciales de Error 15 Gen r:il t .I s i6 Resultados y Discusi6n 16 Fun itig 1 nor Type 20 Resultados Generales i6 Funi itig ) r jecl Caategoi 21 Financiamiento por Tipo de Donante 20
    [Show full text]
  • SOUTH AMERICAN NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS, STATUS of Philip M
    SOUTH AMERICAN NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS, STATUS OF Philip M. Fearnside National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA) I. Original Extent of Terrestrial Ecosystems ilar general structure, climatic regimes, major eco- II. Present Extent of Terrestrial Ecosystems logical processes, ͱ diversity, and flora and fauna III. Human Use of Converted Areas with similar guild structures and life histories. IV. Human Use of Remaining Natural Habitats V. Threats to Remaining Natural Habitats VI. Status of Protected Areas VII. Priorities for Conservation THE TERM ECOREGION, as used in this article, refers to ‘‘natural’’ ecological systems, or terrestrial and aquatic areas as they were when Europeans first arrived in the GLOSSARY New World. The original extent of natural ecoregions is presented, grouped by bioregion, major habitat type, bioregion One of six biogeographic divisions of South and major ecosystem type. The definitions of these America consisting of contiguous ecoregions. Biore- terms, given in the Glossary, are taken from Dinerstein gions are delimited to better address the biogeo- et al. (1995); the rating codes are given in the footnotes graphic distinctiveness of ecoregions. to the table. Indications of the extent of remaining ecoregion A geographically distinct assemblage of nat- natural ecosystems, the threats to their continued exis- ural communities that share a large majority of their tence, and the status of protected areas are discussed, species and ecological dynamics, share similar envi- together with priorities for conservation. ronmental conditions, and interact ecologically in ways that are critical for their long-term persistence. ecosystem A set of interacting living and nonliving I. ORIGINAL EXTENT OF components in a defined geographic space.
    [Show full text]
  • Banning Goats Could Exacerbate Deforestation of the Ecuadorian Dry Forest – How the Effectiveness of Conservation Payments Is Influenced by Productive Use Options
    2016 Vol. 70 · No. 1 · 49–67 BANNING GOATS COULD EXACERBATE DEFORESTATION OF THE ECUADORIAN DRY FOREST – HOW THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONSERVATION PAYMENTS IS INFLUENCED BY PRODUCTIVE USE OPTIONS W. SANTIAGO OCHOA M., CAROLA PAUL, LUZ MARÍA CASTRO, LIZ VALLE and THOMAS KNOKE With 5 figures, 3 tables and appendix Received 13 July 2015 · Accepted 16 December 2015 Summary: Due to ongoing conversion of the dry forests of southern Ecuador to pasture and farmland, they are among the most threatened ecosystems globally. This study explored how to control deforestation in the region while securing the livelihoods of local people through land-use diversification and compensation payments. Results are based on interview data collected from 163 households near the Laipuna Reserve in southern Ecuador. Combining modern financial theory and von Thünen’s theory of land distribution, we optimized land-use shares of two types of forest management (banning and allow- ing goat grazing) and three crops (maize, beans and peanuts). Land-use portfolios were calculated for four different farm sizes, represented by the quartiles of the farm size distribution. We found that goat grazing was important for diversifying farm income and reducing financial risks for all farm sizes. However, forest area would still be converted to cropland under the current financial coefficients. The amount of compensation needed to maintain current forest cover was calculated for two different scenarios: 1) banning goat grazing and 2) allowing forest use where the farmer could decide how much for- est area would be allocated to each land-use option. Offering financial compensation for forest preservation (Scenario 1) reduced deforestation but would still lead to a conversion of at least 23 % of current forests to croplands.
    [Show full text]
  • As Aves Do Tocantins 1: Região Sudeste
    Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 14 (2) 85-100 Junho de 2006 As Aves do Tocantins 1: Região Sudeste José Fernando Pacheco 1, 3 e Fábio Olmos 2, 3 1 Rua Bambina 50 ap. 104, 22251-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Largo do Paissandú 100/4C, 01034-010, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3 CBRO – Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos Recebido em 07 de dezembro de 2005; aceito em 09 de abril de 2006 ABSTRACT. Birds of Tocantins 1. southeast region. This paper is the fi rst of a series on the birds of the state of Tocantins, Brazil. We relate the results of rapid surveys in three areas in southeastern Tocantins (Palmeiras River valley, Tocantins-Paranã interfl uvium and Aurora do Tocantins) including cerrado, riparian habitats, seasonal forests and dry forests. A total of 308 species were recorded, with most species in Palmeiras River valley. Threatened species, including Penelope ochrogaster, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus and Geositta poeciloptera, plus noteworthy records such as Phyllomyias reiseri are discussed. We emphasize the need to conserve signifi cant areas of dry forests, a special habitat harboring endemic or near-endemic species such as Pyrrhura pfrimeri and Knipolegus franciscanus. KEY WORDS: birds, Brazil, cerrado, deciduous forests, dry forests, Tocantins. RESUMO. Este trabalho é o primeiro de uma série sobre a avifauna do Estado do Tocantins, Brasil. São descritos os resultados de inventários rápidos de aves em três áreas na região sudeste do estado (Vale do Rio Palmeiras, Interfl úvio Tocantins-Paranã e Aurora do Tocantins), abrangendo cerrados, ambientes ripários e fl orestas estacionais, incluindo as ameaçadas “matas secas”.
    [Show full text]
  • C:\February Sabal 2006.Vp
    Volume23,number2,February2006 The Sabal www.nativeplantproject.org Greetings, Fellow Native Plant More and more private individuals are Enthusiast! finding out about the great importance of planting native species of plants in yards, byMartin Hagne businesses, parks, and schools. The NPP can be proud to have been a big part of this It was with great humility that I accepted the new and much needed trend. Many local position of President of the Native Plant and national organizations strive for the Project. Following in the great footsteps of protection, understanding, and use of those such plant experts as Joe Ideker and, more very special plants that belong to our area. recently, Gene Lester will be no easy task! The NPP has always been in the forefront of The organization is left in great shape from such efforts, and every member, volunteer, the leadership of Gene, and a very and board member who ever belonged or dedicated board. The NPP has always served should be commended for their been a group that has drawn wonderful efforts!! volunteers having much expertise in the Let’s continue to work hard for these plants native plant communities of the Lower Rio that we all love so much! Join me in another Grande Valley. The organization’s purpose great year of the NPP!! There is much to is as true and needed today as ever before! celebrate with the release of new NPP plant Threats to the area’s native habitat and their booklets, native plant sales, the Sabal plants are a real danger, and we are losing newsletter, and informative presentations at acreafteracreofplants.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Environmental Assessment for the Rio Grande City Station Road
    DRAFT FINDING OF NO SIGNIFIGANT IMPACT (FONSI) RIO GRANDE CITY STATION ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT, RIO GRANDE CITY, TEXAS, RIO GRANDE VALLEY SECTOR, U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY U.S. BORDER PATROL, RIO GRANDE VALLEY SECTOR, TEXAS U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY WASHINGTON, D.C. INTRODUCTION: United States (U.S.) Customs and Border Protection (CBP) plans to upgrade and lengthen four existing roads in the U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) Rio Grande City (RGC) Station’s Area of Responsibility (AOR). The Border Patrol Air and Marine Program Management Office (BPAM-PMO) within CBP has prepared an Environmental Assessment (EA). This EA addresses the proposed upgrade and construction of the four aforementioned roads and the BPAM-PMO is preparing this EA on behalf of the USBP Headquarters. CBP is the law enforcement component of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) that is responsible for securing the border and facilitating lawful international trade and travel. USBP is the uniformed law enforcement subcomponent of CBP responsible for patrolling and securing the border between the land ports of entry. PROJECT LOCATION: The roads are located within the RGC Station’s AOR, Rio Grande Valley (RGV) Sector, in Starr County, Texas. The RGC Station’s AOR encompasses approximately 1,228 square miles, including approximately 68 miles along the U.S.-Mexico border and the Rio Grande from the Starr/Zapata County line to the Starr/Hidalgo County line. From north to south, the four road segments are named Mouth of River to Chapeno Hard Top, Chapeno USIBWC Gate to Salineno, Salineno to Enron, and 19-20 Area to Fronton Fishing, and all of these segments are located south of Falcon International Reservoir (Falcon Lake), generally parallel to the Rio Grande.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change Versus Deforestation: Implications for Tree Species Distribution in the Dry Forests of Southern Ecuador
    CORRECTION Correction: Climate change versus deforestation: Implications for tree species distribution in the dry forests of southern Ecuador Carlos E. Manchego, Patrick Hildebrandt, Jorge Cueva, Carlos IvaÂn Espinosa, Bernd Stimm, Sven GuÈ nter There is an error in the first sentence of the second paragraph in the Introduction section. The correct sentence is: Ecuador, one of the ten most biodiversity-rich nations in the world [11, 12], has one-sixth of its territory covered by deciduous and semi-deciduous forests [13] with a reported national deforestation rate of approximately 475 km2/year during 2008±2014 [14]. Reference 1. Manchego CE, Hildebrandt P, Cueva J, Espinosa CI, Stimm B, GuÈnter S (2017) Climate change versus deforestation: Implications for tree species distribution in the dry forests of southern Ecuador. PLoS ONE 12(12): e0190092. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190092 PMID: 29267357 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 OPEN ACCESS Citation: Manchego CE, Hildebrandt P, Cueva J, Espinosa CI, Stimm B, GuÈnter S (2018) Correction: Climate change versus deforestation: Implications for tree species distribution in the dry forests of southern Ecuador. PLoS ONE 13(4): e0195851. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195851 Published: April 9, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Manchego et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195851 April 9, 2018 1 / 1 RESEARCH ARTICLE Climate change versus deforestation: Implications for tree species distribution in the dry forests of southern Ecuador Carlos E.
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous and Traditional Peoples of the World and Ecoregion Conservation
    Indigenous and Traditional Peoples of the World and Ecoregion Conservation An Integrated Approach to Conserving the World’s Biological and Cultural Diversity Written by Gonzalo Oviedo (WWF International) and Luisa Maffi (Terralingua). Parts II and III written by Peter Bille Larsen (WWF International) with contributions from Gonzalo Oviedo and Luisa Maffi. The views expressed in this paper are not necessarily those of WWF or Terralingua. Any inaccuracies remain the responsibility of the authors. The material and the geographical designations in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WWF concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Editing and layout: Tim Davis Coordination of publication: Diwata Olalia Hunziker Cover photographs: Top (l-r): Sing-sing (Sinasina, Papua New Guinea), WWF/Panda Photo/M. Pala; Itelmen (Russia), Viktor Nikiforov; Himba/Zemba (Namibia), WWF-Canon/John E. Newby. Middle: Kayapo (Brazil), WWF/Mauri Rautkari. Bottom: Koryak (Russia), Kevin Schafer ISBN 2-88085-247-1 Published November 2000 by WWF-World Wide Fund For Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund), 1196 Gland, Switzerland. Any reproduction in full or in part of this publication must mention the title and credit the above-mentioned publisher as the copyright owner. © text 2000 WWF Indigenous and Traditional Peoples of the World and Ecoregion Conservation An Integrated Approach to Conserving the World’s Biological and Cultural Diversity WWF International – Terralingua Gland, Switzerland "The power to act has moved away from governments, and... the real force for environmental improvement lies with people...
    [Show full text]
  • Revisiting the Historic Distribution and Habitats of the Whooping Crane Jane E
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center US Geological Survey 2019 Revisiting the Historic Distribution and Habitats of the Whooping Crane Jane E. Austin Matthew A. Hayes Jeb A. Barzen Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsnpwrc Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Behavior and Ethology Commons, Biodiversity Commons, Environmental Policy Commons, Recreation, Parks and Tourism Administration Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the US Geological Survey at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. CHAPTER 3 Revisiting the Historic Distribution and Habitats of the Whooping Crane Jane E. Austin*, Matthew A. Hayes**, Jeb A. Barzen** *U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, United States **International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, WI, United States INTRODUCTION habitat (Prince, 1997). Many endangered species persist only on the periphery of their historic Understanding the historic range and habitats range because of habitat loss or modification in of an endangered species can assist in conserva- their core range (Channell and Lomolino, 2000), tion and reintroduction efforts for that species. which can bias our understanding of the spe- Individuals reintroduced into a species’ historic cies’ habitat preferences. Further, habitat models core range have a higher survival rate compared based on locations where species persist neces- to individuals introduced near the periphery or sarily emphasize local conditions rather than outside the historic range (Falk and Olwell, 1992; historical conditions ( Kuemmerle et al., 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • A Conservation Assessment of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean
    A Conservation Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Eric Dinerstein David M. Olson Douglas ). Graham Avis L. Webster Steven A. Primm Marnie P. Bookbinder George Ledec Public Disclosure Authorized r Published in association with The World Wildlife Fund The World Bank WWF Washington, D.C. A ConservationAssessment of the TerrestrialEcoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean A Conservation Assessment of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean Eric Dinerstein David M. Olson Douglas J. Graham Avis L. Webster Steven A. Primm Marnie P. Bookbinder George Ledec Published in association with The World Wildlife Fund The World Bank Washington, D.C. © 1995 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing September 1995 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this study are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organiza- tions, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any consequence of their use. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this volume do not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
    [Show full text]