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Analiza Osobina Web Preglednika SVEUČILIŠTE U ZAGREBU FAKULTET ORGANIZACIJE I INFORMATIKE V A R A Ţ D I N Robert Ivanović ANALIZA OSOBINA WEB PREGLEDNIKA SEMINARSKI RAD Varaţdin, 2009. SVEUČILIŠTE U ZAGREBU FAKULTET ORGANIZACIJE I INFORMATIKE V A R A Ţ D I N Robert Ivanović Izvanredni student Broj indeksa: S-36348/07-I, 2007. Smjer: Primjena informacijske tehnologije u poslovanju VI/1 stupanj ANALIZA OSOBINA WEB PREGLEDNIKA SEMINARSKI RAD Voditelj rada: Dr. sc. Dragutin Kermek Varaţdin, svibanj 2009. 2 Sadrţaj 1. Uvod ................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1. Razvoj web preglednika......................................................................................................................... 4 1.2. Najvažniji podaci o web preglednicima ............................................................................................. 6 1.3. Web preglednici s posebnim namjenama .................................................................................... 9 1.4. Tekstualni web preglednici s početka ere interneta .................................................................. 10 1.5. Web preglednici za mobilnu platformu(mobitele ili PDA) ...................................................... 10 1.6. Web preglednici za Java platformu ......................................................................................... 10 1.7. Web preglednici za djecu .......................................................................................................... 10 2. Osobine web preglednika i njihova analiza .................................................................................... 11 2.1. Najvažnije osobine ...............................................................................................................................12 2.2. Dodatne osobine .................................................................................................................................... 15 2.2.1.Podrška protokolima .................................................................................................................... 19 2.2.2. Podrška tehnologijama i standardima..................................................................................... 21 2.2.3. Podrška JavaScript tehnologiji .................................................................................................22 2.2.4. Podrška za Plug-in i Web Feed ................................................................................................ 24 2.2.7. Podrška za različite formate slika ............................................................................................. 25 3. Dodaci .............................................................................................................................................. 25 3.1.Acid test ..................................................................................................................................... 25 3.2.Ranjivosti web preglednika ....................................................................................................... 29 3.3. Lokalizacija web preglednika...................................................................................................30 4. Zaključak ......................................................................................................................................... 33 5. Literatura ......................................................................................................................................... 34 6. Linkovi ............................................................................................................................................. 34 Popis slika Slika 1 "Idealni prikaz Acid3 testa u web pregledniku" ...................................................................... 27 Slika 2 "Internet Explorer u Acid3 testu" ............................................................................................ 27 Slika 3 "Opera donedavno u Acid3 testu" ........................................................................................... 28 Slika 4 "Opera 10 BETA Acid3 Test" ................................................................................................. 28 Slika 5 "Firefox na Acid3 testu" .......................................................................................................... 29 Slika 6 "Firefox 3,5 u Beta 4 verziji na Acid3 testu" ............................................................................ 29 Slika 7 "Safari na Acid3 testu" ............................................................................................................. 30 Slika 8 "Google Chrome na Acid3 testu" ............................................................................................ 30 Popis tablica Tabela 1 "Povijesni razvoj (važnijih) web preglednika" ....................................................................... 6 Tabela 2 "Najvažniji podaci o web preglednicima" ................................................................................ 8 Tabela 3 "Osnovne osobine, prva tablica" ............................................................................................ 14 Tabela 4 "Osnovne osobine, druga tablica" .......................................................................................... 15 Tabela 5 "Dodatne osobine, prva tablica" ............................................................................................. 17 Tabela 6 "Dodatne osobine, druga tablica" ........................................................................................... 18 Tabela 7 "Podrška protokolima" ...........................................................................................................21 Tabela 8 "Podrška tehnologijama i standardima" ................................................................................. 22 Tabela 9 "Podrška JavaScript tehnologiji"............................................................................................ 24 Tabela 10 "Lokalizacija web preglednika" .......................................................................................... 31 3 1.Uvod Iako je ime i svrha ovog seminarskog rada analiza osobina web preglednika, autor je smatrao potrebnim započeti radnju opisom pojma web preglednik (engl. Web Browser) i kratkom povijesti razvoja internet preglednika i navođenjem podataka o nekima od važnijih i poznatijih browsera. Za surfanje internetom koristimo aplikacijski sofware sa grafičkim sučeljem koji prevodi HTML kod i prikazuje Internet stranicu i omogućuje korisniku interakciju sa tekstom, slikom, videom, glazbom i dr. multimedijskim sadržajima na internetu. Taj softver se zove web browser, na hrvatskom web preglednik. Tražeći točnu definiciju preko www.google.com pronašao sam hrpu definicija, ali najjednostavnija bi bila ona s weba Princeton univerziteta: „Browser: program korišten za gledanje HTML dokumenata" (wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn). 1.1. Razvoj web preglednika Razvoj nekih važnijih i poznatijih web preglednika: Razvoj web preglednika počinje krajem 80-tih i početkom 90-ih godina prošlog stoljeća. Početkom 1991. Britanski fizičar Tim Berners-Lee patentirao je prvi Internet preglednik WorldWideWeb (http ://info.cern.ch/ ) (ujedno i WYSIWYG ,"what you see is what you get" HTML editor), koji je koristio je ne samo FTP(File Transfer Protocol), nego i HTP(Hypertext Transport Protocol). Slijedio ga je Mosaic, razvijen na NSCA(National Centre for Supercomputing Applications). Marc Andreessen, djelatnik istog centra, pokrenuo je vlastitu kompaniju Netscape, i izumio vlastiti web browser Netscape, koji ubrzo postaje najrašireniji preglednik tog doba, kojeg koristi 90% tadašnjih korisnika interneta. Microsoft odgovara razvojem svojeg browsera Internet Explorer, započinjući prvi rat browsera. Pošto Internet Explorer dolazi u paketu sa OS Windows, uskoro MS IE postaje dominantan i zadržava pokrivenost tržišta sve do danas. U listopadu 1994. na internetu se prvi put pojavljuje novi Netscape-ov preglednika Mozilla. 1998. Netscape postaje Mozilla Foundation i počinje razvoj novog web preglednika, koji će uskoro postati poznat pod imenom Firefox. Opera se objavljuje 1996.(rad na njezinom razvoju počeo je još 1994.) i iako unatoč svim svojim kvalitetama ne uspijeva postati popularna(1%), raste joj tržišni udjel među browserima za mobitele. U siječnju 2003. Apple izbacuje Safari, koji pokriva Mac-ovo tržište i malo izvan toga(oko 8%). Zadnji važniji web preglednik koji se pojavio na web pozornici je Google-ov Chrome (rujan 2008.), i dosada je ostvario 1,5 tržišnog udjela. Kronološki razvoj web browsera(koja uključuje i manje poznate preglednike) možete pogledati u tablici Povijesni razvoj web preglednika ispod: Tabela 11"Povijesni razvoj (vaţnijih) web preglednika" Godina Web preglednici 1991. WorldWideWeb 1992. ViolaWWW, Erwise, MidasWWW, MacWWW, Samba(Mac) 1993. Mosaic, Lynx 2.0, Arena, AMosaic 1.0, Cello 1994. IBM Web Explorer, Netscape navigator, SlipKnot 1.0, MacWeb, Ibrowse, Argo, Minuet, Navipress(Mac,PC) 1995. Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator 2.0, OmniWeb, WebRouser, IE2, Grail 4 1996. Arachne 1.0, IE 3.o, Netscape Navigator 3.0, Opera 2.0, PowerBrowser 1.5, Cyberdog, Amaya 0.9, Aweb, Voyager 1997. IE 4.0, Netscape Navigator 4.0, Netscape Communicator 4.o, Opera 3.0, Amaya 1.0 1998. IE 5.0 Beta, iCab, Mozilla 1999. Amaya 2.0, Mozilla M3, IE 5.0 2000. Konqueror, Netscape 6, Opera 4, Opera 5, K-Meleon 0.2, Amaya 3, Amaya 4 2001. IE
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