DOCSLIB.ORG

(Cf Eatonii) from the Antarctic Waters O

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Cf Eatonii) from the Antarctic Waters O THE COMPARISON OF TWO UNDESCRIBED SPECIES OF SKATES, BATHYRAJA SP. 2 AND BATHYRAJA SP (C.F. EATONII) FROM THE ANTARCTIC WATERS OF THE SOUTH ORKNEY ISLANDS by Heather Kalisz A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Wilkes Honors College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences with a Concentration in Marine Biology Wilkes Honors College of Florida Atlantic University Jupiter, Florida May 2013 THE COMPARISON OF TWO UNDESCRIBED SPECIES OF SKATES, BATHYRAJA SP. 2 AND BATHYRAJA SP (C.F. EATONII) FROM THE ANTARCTIC WATERS OF THE SOUTH ORKNEY ISLANDS by Heather Kalisz This thesis was prepared under the direction of the candidate’s thesis advisor, Dr. Jon Moore, and has been approved by the members of his/her supervisory committee. It was submitted to the faculty of The Honors College and was accepted in partial fulfillment of all the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences. SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: ____________________________ Dr. Jon Moore ____________________________ Dr. Nicholas Quintyne ____________________________ Dean Jeffery Buller, Wilkes Honors College _______________ Date ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Jon Moore of Florida Atlantic University for giving me the opportunity to conduct my research on both the Bathyraja sp. 2 and Bathyraja c.f. eatonii specimens, allowing me access to the laboratory and tools needed to conduct the research, and for being my thesis advisor. I would also like to thank Dr. Nicholas Quintyne for being on my thesis committee and assisting me in improving my thesis. iii ABSTRACT Author: Heather Kalisz Title: The comparison of two undescribed species of skates, Bathyraja sp. 2 and Bathyraja sp. (c.f. eatonii) from the Antarctic waters of the South Orkney Islands Institution: Wilkes Honors College of Florida Atlantic University Thesis Advisor: Dr. Jon Moore Degree: Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences Concentration: Marine Biology Year: 2013 Skates of the genus Bathyraja belong to the subfamily Arhynchobatinae in the family Rajidae. This family is comprised currently of 228 recognized species and about 50 unnamed species (McEachran and Dunn, 1998). Some authors elevate the Arhynchobatidae to the rank of family (Nelson, 2006). Two unnamed species of skates Bathyraja sp. 2 and Bahtyraja cf. eatonii were examined and measured in the preparation of formally describing these species. A total of 20 preserved specimens of Bathyraja sp. 2 and a total of 4 preserved specimens of Bathyraja cf. eatonii, collected during the 2008- 2009 AMLR survey cruise of the South Orkney Islands, were measured. The measurements of each skate were taken following the measurement descriptions in Hubbs and Ishiyama (1968). The body proportions of B. sp. 2 and B. cf. eatonii were compared and contrasted and a preliminary species description of each species is given. iv To Anita and Robert Bottoms, for without you, I would not be who I am I Love You TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………….1 Materials and Methods ……………………………………………………………………8 Results …………………………………………………………………………………...19 Discussion ……………………………………………………………………………….21 References ……………………………………………………………………………….26 v LIST OF TABLES 1. Illustrates the corresponding station numbers, date, latitude, longitude, and average depth for the specimens. The data used to create this table contains information provided by Jones et al., (2009). ……………………………………………………...9 2. Illustrates the Specimen I.D number (tissue tag numbers) from Table 1 and the correlating catalog numbers for each specimen. …………………………………….10 3. The proportional dimensions are expressed in percentages of disc width and total length. This table was created using the same format as Springer, 1971. …………..20 vi LIST OF FIGURES 1. Smith et al., (2008) Illustrates through a phylogenetic tree the relation between Bathyraja sp. 2 (in this research it is known as Bathyraja sp. (dwarf)) and Bathyraja cf. eatonii. ……………………………………………………………………………7 2. Illustrates the station locations, particularly station numbers 15, 89, 21, 24, 27, 73, and 5 from Leg II of the 2008-2009 AMLR survey, from which the studied specimens were collected. These stations are all located in the South Orkney Islands (Jones et al., 2009). ……………………………………………………………………………..8 3. Photograph of a preserved specimen from the AMLR 2008-2009 survey cruise, Bathyraja sp. 2. Photograph credit: Heather Kalisz ………………………………...12 4. Photograph of a preserved specimen from the AMLR 2008-2009 survey cruise, Bathyraja cf. eatonii. Photograph credit: Heather Kalisz …………………………...13 5. Technical terms and method of measurements referred to and used in the study of skates (from Stehmann and Bürkel, 1990; originally found in Stehmann 1981). …...14 vii Introduction: Skates belong to the suborder Rajoidea and are typically placed in the family Rajidae (McEachran and Dunn, 1998) or split between the families Rajidae and Arhynchobatidae (Nelson, 2006). Skates are unique to the class of cartilaginous fishes, Chondrichthyes, due to their high species diversity yet low morphological differences (McEachran and Dunn, 1998). Fishes of the family Rajidae, as characterized by McEachran and Dunn (1998), range in size from 20-30 cm to more than 2 m in total length (Stehmann, 1981) and are located worldwide in marine waters ranging from the shoreline to 3000 m in depth, but are not found in the Pacific plate or the Red Sea (McEachran and Dunn, 1998). There are currently 228 recognized species and about 50 unnamed species (McEachran and Dunn, 1998). The following is the description of the characteristics given to the family Rajidae (Skates) by Stehmann (1985) in the FAO species identification sheets of the Southern Ocean. The Rajidae fishes have a body consisting of the head, trunk, and enlarged pectoral fins, which are dorsoventrally flattened forming a rhombic to roundish disc. Their pectoral fins are completely fused to the sides of the head and trunk from tip or the midlength of the snout to the insertion of the pelvic fins. The tail is moderately slender, yet distinctly marked off from the disc, and its length is less than two times the disc width, with a narrow fold (lateral tail fold) along each of the tail’s edges. The eyes and spiracles are located on the dorsal side of the body. The spiracles are located immediately behind the eyes and include a pseudobranchial fold at their anterior wall. Stehmann, (1985), also stated that the shape of the snout can range from acutely angled and long to obtusely rounded and short. The front of the cranium is extended in most species as a 1 rostral process, which can be stout or delicate, and in the latter case can be segmented distally or basally. The anterior pectoral fin rays and their basal elements are either extending almost to tip of the snout (soft-snouted species, with a delicate or even reduced rostral process) or to about the midlength of the snout only (hard-snouted species with a stout rostral process). The transverse mouth gap located on the ventral side of the body is straight to more or less arched in shape. There are numerous rows of teeth present in bands on the upper and lower jaws and are obtuse or pointed in shape, showing sexual dimorphism in many species. The teeth bands are placed in a pavement pattern also known as quincunx, in parallel rows, or in a combination of both. The nasal apertures are small and located shortly anterior of the mouth on the ventral side. The nasal aperture’s inner margins expand rearward as a large bilobed nasal curtain with both lobes joined to form a broad transverse isthmus, which is close to the front of the mouth and basally fused to the upper jaw. The pelvic fins of the Rajidae family are bilobed with the two lobes separated externally by a more or less deep notch in their outer margins only. On the tail there are two small dorsal fins on the far posterior end. A caudal fin is also present at the most posterior end of the tail, as well as a rudimentary ventral fold or keel is also sometimes present. The dorsal surface of the skin is densely to sparsely set with spinules (prickles) and often thornlets and or thorns are present too. The pattern of the spinules, thornlets, and/or thorns consists of an arrangement of patches, rows, and/or single tubercles in distinct regions. There is at the minimum a median row of thorns present along the midline of the tail (except in some species of Malacoraja), and sometimes extending forward onto the midline of the back. Malar and alar thorns on the lateral portions of the disc may also be developed in sexually mature males only. The 2 ventral surface of the skin is smooth to more or less prickley, rarely also with some irregularly distributed thorns. Patterns of spinules, thornlets, and thorns may vary with growth, age, and sexual maturity. The dorsal color of skates is in nearly all shades of grey to brown. A few species are reddish, or blue-violet, and coloration can occur in many different patterns. The ventral surface may be uniformly dark or light, or mottled, or a light centre of the disc with dark edges, while some species have darkly pigmented pores. Deep water skates can, as a rule, be characterized as plain dark on both surfaces, whereas shallow-water species are predominately white ventrally and often extremely variegated on the dorsal surface. The color pattern may vary with the nature of the bottom substrate and also with growth and age. According to McEachran and Dunn (1998), the characters that help distinguish the Rajidae from all other batoids include: oviparous development; alar and/or malar thorns in mature males; lateral muscle bundles of tail converted into electric organs; second hypobranchial cartilage fused with basibranchial cupula; anterior portion of 2nd hypobranchial cartilage absent, therefore 2nd hypobranchial cartilage lacks articulation with 2nd ceratobranchial; clasper skeleton with dorsal terminal cartilage; clasper skeleton with ventral terminal cartilage.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Notoraja Martinezi Sp. Nov., a New Species of Deepwater Skate and The
    Zootaxa 4098 (1): 179–190 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.9 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C7826AC7-6493-42D3-A0A4-89FEBB5AB3E3 Notoraja martinezi sp. nov., a new species of deepwater skate and the first record of the genus Notoraja Ishiyama, 1958 (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae) from the eastern Pacific Ocean FRANCISCO J. CONCHA1,2,7, DAVID A. EBERT3,4,5 & DOUGLAS J. LONG4,6 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut. 75 North Eagleville Road – Unit 3043 Storrs, CT, 06269, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Valparaíso. Av. Borgoño 16344, Viña del Mar, Chile. 3Pacific Shark Research Center, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA. 4Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA. 94118, USA. 5South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] state.edu. 6Department of Biology, St. Mary’s College, 1928 St. Mary’s Road, Moraga, California 94575. E-mail: [email protected] 7Corresponding author Abstract A new arhynchobatid skate, Notoraja martinezi, sp. nov., is described from four specimens collected from the eastern Central Pacific from Costa Rica to Ecuador and between depths of 1256–1472 m. The new species is placed in the genus Notoraja based on the long and flexible rostrum and its proportionally long tail with respect to total length.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography Database of Living/Fossil Sharks, Rays and Chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) Papers of the Year 2016
    www.shark-references.com Version 13.01.2017 Bibliography database of living/fossil sharks, rays and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) Papers of the year 2016 published by Jürgen Pollerspöck, Benediktinerring 34, 94569 Stephansposching, Germany and Nicolas Straube, Munich, Germany ISSN: 2195-6499 copyright by the authors 1 please inform us about missing papers: [email protected] www.shark-references.com Version 13.01.2017 Abstract: This paper contains a collection of 803 citations (no conference abstracts) on topics related to extant and extinct Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, and chimaeras) as well as a list of Chondrichthyan species and hosted parasites newly described in 2016. The list is the result of regular queries in numerous journals, books and online publications. It provides a complete list of publication citations as well as a database report containing rearranged subsets of the list sorted by the keyword statistics, extant and extinct genera and species descriptions from the years 2000 to 2016, list of descriptions of extinct and extant species from 2016, parasitology, reproduction, distribution, diet, conservation, and taxonomy. The paper is intended to be consulted for information. In addition, we provide information on the geographic and depth distribution of newly described species, i.e. the type specimens from the year 1990- 2016 in a hot spot analysis. Please note that the content of this paper has been compiled to the best of our abilities based on current knowledge and practice, however,
    [Show full text]
  • Age, Growth, and Sexual Maturity of the Deepsea Skate, Bathyraja
    AGE, GROWTH, AND SEXUAL MATURITY OF THE DEEPSEA SKATE, BATHYRAJA ABYSSICOLA A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Alaska Pacific University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science in Environmental Science by Cameron Murray Provost April 2016 Pro Q u est Nu m b er: 10104548 All rig hts reserv e d INF O RM ATI O N T O ALL USERS Th e q u a lity of this re pro d u ctio n is d e p e n d e nt u p o n th e q u a lity of th e c o p y su b mitt e d. In th e unlik e ly e v e nt th a t th e a uth or did n ot se n d a c o m ple t e m a nuscript a n d th ere are missin g p a g es, th ese will b e n ot e d. Also, if m a t eria l h a d to b e re m o v e d, a n ot e will in dic a t e th e d e le tio n. Pro Q u est 10104548 Pu blish e d b y Pro Q u est LL C (2016). C o p yrig ht of th e Dissert a tio n is h e ld b y th e A uth or. All rig hts reserv e d. This w ork is prot e ct e d a g a inst un a uth orize d c o p yin g un d er Title 17, Unit e d St a t es C o d e Microform Editio n © Pro Q u est LL C .
    [Show full text]
  • Skates and Rays Diversity, Exploration and Conservation – Case-Study of the Thornback Ray, Raja Clavata
    UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL SKATES AND RAYS DIVERSITY, EXPLORATION AND CONSERVATION – CASE-STUDY OF THE THORNBACK RAY, RAJA CLAVATA Bárbara Marques Serra Pereira Doutoramento em Ciências do Mar 2010 UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL SKATES AND RAYS DIVERSITY, EXPLORATION AND CONSERVATION – CASE-STUDY OF THE THORNBACK RAY, RAJA CLAVATA Bárbara Marques Serra Pereira Tese orientada por Professor Auxiliar com Agregação Leonel Serrano Gordo e Investigadora Auxiliar Ivone Figueiredo Doutoramento em Ciências do Mar 2010 The research reported in this thesis was carried out at the Instituto de Investigação das Pescas e do Mar (IPIMAR - INRB), Unidade de Recursos Marinhos e Sustentabilidade. This research was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/23777/2005) and the research project EU Data Collection/DCR (PNAB). Skates and rays diversity, exploration and conservation | Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables ............................................................................................................................. v List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. viii Agradecimentos ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • BETTER DATA COLLECTION in SHARK FISHERIES LEARNING from PRACTICE Cover Image: Cacaodesign.It FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No
    NFIF/C1227 (En) FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular ISSN 2070-6065 BETTER DATA COLLECTION IN SHARK FISHERIES LEARNING FROM PRACTICE Cover image: cacaodesign.it FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1227 NFIF/C1227 (En) BETTER DATA COLLECTION IN SHARK FISHERIES LEARNING FROM PRACTICE by Monica Barone Fishery Resources Consultant FAO Fisheries Department Rome, Italy and Kim Friedman Senior Fishery Resources Officer FAO Fisheries Department Rome, Italy FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2021 Required citation: FAO. 2021. Better data collection in shark fisheries – Learning from practice. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1227. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb5378en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-134622-8 © FAO, 2021 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode).
    [Show full text]
  • Identification Guide to the Deep-Sea Cartilaginous Fishes Of
    Identification guide to the deep–sea cartilaginous fishes of the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean FAO. 2015. Identification guide to the deep–sea cartilaginous fishes of the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean. FishFinder Programme, by Ebert, D.A. and Mostarda, E., Rome, Italy. Supervision: Merete Tandstad, Jessica Sanders (FAO, Rome) Technical editor: Edoardo Mostarda (FAO, Rome) Colour illustrations, cover and graphic design: Emanuela D’Antoni (FAO, Rome) This guide was prepared under the “FAO Deep–sea Fisheries Programme” thanks to a generous funding from the Government of Norway (Support to the implementation of the International Guidelines on the Management of Deep-Sea Fisheries in the High Seas project) for the purpose of assisting states, institutions, the fishing industry and RFMO/As in the implementation of FAO International Guidelines for the Management of Deep-sea Fisheries in the High Seas. It was developed in close collaboration with the FishFinder Programme of the Marine and Inland Fisheries Branch, Fisheries Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The present guide covers the deep–sea Southeastern Atlantic Ocean and that portion of Southwestern Indian Ocean from 18°42’E to 30°00’E (FAO Fishing Area 47). It includes a selection of cartilaginous fish species of major, moderate and minor importance to fisheries as well as those of doubtful or potential use to fisheries. It also covers those little known species that may be of research, educational, and ecological importance. In this region, the deep–sea chondrichthyan fauna is currently represented by 50 shark, 20 batoid and 8 chimaera species. This guide includes full species accounts for 37 shark, 9 batoid and 4 chimaera species selected as being the more difficult to identify and/or commonly caught.
    [Show full text]
  • XIV. Appendices
    Appendix 1, Page 1 XIV. Appendices Appendix 1. Vertebrate Species of Alaska1 * Threatened/Endangered Fishes Scientific Name Common Name Eptatretus deani black hagfish Lampetra tridentata Pacific lamprey Lampetra camtschatica Arctic lamprey Lampetra alaskense Alaskan brook lamprey Lampetra ayresii river lamprey Lampetra richardsoni western brook lamprey Hydrolagus colliei spotted ratfish Prionace glauca blue shark Apristurus brunneus brown cat shark Lamna ditropis salmon shark Carcharodon carcharias white shark Cetorhinus maximus basking shark Hexanchus griseus bluntnose sixgill shark Somniosus pacificus Pacific sleeper shark Squalus acanthias spiny dogfish Raja binoculata big skate Raja rhina longnose skate Bathyraja parmifera Alaska skate Bathyraja aleutica Aleutian skate Bathyraja interrupta sandpaper skate Bathyraja lindbergi Commander skate Bathyraja abyssicola deepsea skate Bathyraja maculata whiteblotched skate Bathyraja minispinosa whitebrow skate Bathyraja trachura roughtail skate Bathyraja taranetzi mud skate Bathyraja violacea Okhotsk skate Acipenser medirostris green sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus white sturgeon Polyacanthonotus challengeri longnose tapirfish Synaphobranchus affinis slope cutthroat eel Histiobranchus bathybius deepwater cutthroat eel Avocettina infans blackline snipe eel Nemichthys scolopaceus slender snipe eel Alosa sapidissima American shad Clupea pallasii Pacific herring 1 This appendix lists the vertebrate species of Alaska, but it does not include subspecies, even though some of those are featured in the CWCS.
    [Show full text]
  • Redescription and Taxonomic Status of Dipturus Chilensis (Guichenot, 1848), and Description of Dipturus Lamillai Sp
    Zootaxa 4590 (5): 501–524 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4590.5.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F484C560-CAE9-4A9E-B408-AEC2C8893DAD Redescription and taxonomic status of Dipturus chilensis (Guichenot, 1848), and description of Dipturus lamillai sp. nov. (Rajiformes: Rajidae), a new species of long-snout skate from the Falkland Islands FRANCISCO J. CONCHA1,2,7, JANINE N. CAIRA1, DAVID A. EBERT3,4,5 & JOOST H. W. POMPERT6 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3043 Storrs, CT 06269 – 3043, USA 2Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Borgoño 16344, Viña del Mar, Chile 3Pacific Shark Research Center, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA 4Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA 5South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa 6Georgia Seafoods Ltd, Waverley House, Stanley, Falkland Islands, United Kingdom 7Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Recent molecular evidence has called into question the identity of skates collected in the waters off the Falkland Islands previously identified as Zearaja chilensis. NADH2 sequence data indicate that these specimens are not conspecific with those currently referred to as Z. chilensis from Chile and, in fact, represent a novel cryptic species. This study aimed to investigate this hypothesis based on morphological comparisons of specimens from the coasts of both western and eastern South America.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, a Review of the Australian Skate Genus Pavoraja Whitley
    Zootaxa 1812: 1–45 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A review of the Australian skate genus Pavoraja Whitley (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae) PETER R. LAST1, STEPHEN MALLICK2 AND GORDON K.YEARSLEY1 1 Marine and Atmospheric Research, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 2 121A Antill St, Downer ACT 2602, Australia Table of contents Abstract . 1 Introduction . 2 Materials and methods . 2 Genus Pavoraja Whitley . 3 Pavoraja alleni McEachran and Fechhelm . 5 Pavoraja arenaria sp. nov. 13 Pavoraja mosaica sp. nov. 19 Pavoraja nitida (Günther) . 24 Pavoraja pseudonitida sp. nov. 30 Pavoraja umbrosa sp. nov. 37 Key to species of the genus Pavoraja . .43 Acknowledgements . 44 References . 44 Abstract The Australian endemic skate genus Pavoraja Whitley, which contains six species including two valid nominal species (P. alleni and P. nitida) and four new species (P. are na ria sp. nov., P. m o sa ic a sp. nov., P. pseudonitida sp. nov. and P. umbrosa sp. nov.), is redefined based on additional material. Members of the group occur primarily on the outer conti- nental shelf and upper slope in both temperate and tropical Australian seas. The species are strongly partitioned geo- graphically with small- to medium-scale ranges. Pavoraja arenaria is known to have a broad southern distribution but none is widespread in the Australian region. Only two species pairs, P. nitida and P. are na ria (off southern Australia), and P. m os ai c a and P.
    [Show full text]
  • Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997
    The IUCN Species Survival Commission Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997 Edited by Sarah L. Fowler, Tim M. Reed and Frances A. Dipper Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 25 IUCN The World Conservation Union Donors to the SSC Conservation Communications Programme and Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management: Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997 The IUCN/Species Survival Commission is committed to communicate important species conservation information to natural resource managers, decision-makers and others whose actions affect the conservation of biodiversity. The SSC's Action Plans, Occasional Papers, newsletter Species and other publications are supported by a wide variety of generous donors including: The Sultanate of Oman established the Peter Scott IUCN/SSC Action Plan Fund in 1990. The Fund supports Action Plan development and implementation. To date, more than 80 grants have been made from the Fund to SSC Specialist Groups. The SSC is grateful to the Sultanate of Oman for its confidence in and support for species conservation worldwide. The Council of Agriculture (COA), Taiwan has awarded major grants to the SSC's Wildlife Trade Programme and Conservation Communications Programme. This support has enabled SSC to continue its valuable technical advisory service to the Parties to CITES as well as to the larger global conservation community. Among other responsibilities, the COA is in charge of matters concerning the designation and management of nature reserves, conservation of wildlife and their habitats, conservation of natural landscapes, coordination of law enforcement efforts as well as promotion of conservation education, research and international cooperation.
    [Show full text]
  • Chondrichthyan Diversity, Conservation Status, and Management Challenges in Costa Rica
    REVIEW published: 13 March 2018 doi: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00085 Chondrichthyan Diversity, Conservation Status, and Management Challenges in Costa Rica Mario Espinoza 1,2*, Eric Díaz 3, Arturo Angulo 1,4,5, Sebastián Hernández 6,7 and Tayler M. Clarke 1,8 1 Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, 2 Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, 3 Escuela de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, San José, Costa Rica, 4 Museo de Zoología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, 5 Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil, 6 Biomolecular Laboratory, Center for International Programs, Universidad VERITAS, San José, Costa Rica, 7 Sala de Colecciones Biologicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Catolica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile, 8 Changing Ocean Research Unit, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada Understanding key aspects of the biology and ecology of chondrichthyan fishes (sharks, rays, and chimeras), as well as the range of threats affecting their populations is crucial Edited by: Steven W. Purcell, given the rapid rate at which some species are declining. In the Eastern Tropical Pacific Southern Cross University, Australia (ETP), the lack of knowledge, unreliable (or non-existent) landing statistics, and limited Reviewed by: enforcement of existing fisheries regulations has hindered management and conservation Mourier Johann, USR3278 Centre de Recherche efforts for chondrichthyan species. This review evaluated our current understanding of Insulaire et Observatoire de Costa Rican chondrichthyans and their conservation status.
    [Show full text]
  • Dental Abnormalities of the Southern Thorny Skate
    Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía Vol. 47, Nº1: 135-140, abril 2012 Research Note Dental abnormalities of the southern thorny skate Amblyraja doellojuradoi (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae) Anomalías dentarias de la raya erizo Amblyraja doellojuradoi (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae) Gabriela Delpiani1,2, Daniel E. Figueroa1 and Ezequiel Mabragaña1,2 1Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata (B7602AYL), Argentina. [email protected] 2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina Abstract.- Teeth morphology has been widely used in taxonomic, biological and fossil teeth studies of Chondrichthyes. Herein, dental abnormalities in Amblyraja doellojuradoi are described. Almost 10% of 182 specimens sampled presented any of these types of dental anomalies: (1) an additional incomplete tooth row between two complete rows, (2) an increasing tooth base size and division of its cusps until the complete splitting of teeth in the same row, and (3) an irregular tooth arrangement on the right side of the lower jaw. Possible causes producing these malformations such as mutation, damage by feeding or reproductive behavior are discussed. Key words: Teeth, malformation, Southern Atlantic INTRODUCTION The genus Amblyraja Malm, 1877 consists of 10 species morphology made by Herman et al. (1994, 1995, 1996), characterized by having a very rough dorsal disc with who described and illustrated dentition of representatives scattered coarse spinules and strong thornlets. of 26 different genus worldwide, but nothing about teeth Amblyraja doellojuradoi (Pozzi, 1935), inhabits the malformation was reported. Southwest Atlantic (SWA) (Menni & Stehmann 2000) and Given the paucity of information on teeth malformation the Southeastern Pacific Ocean (Lamilla & Bustamante in skates, the purpose of this study was to provide a 2005).
    [Show full text]