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Mauritius Country Profile Pdf Mauritius country profile pdf Continue The first Europeans to visit Mauritius were the Portuguese in the early 16th century. In 1598, a Dutch naval expedition landed in a sheltered bay on a volcanic island in the Indian Ocean. Its members decided to name the island after the navy's main ship, Mauritius, which in turn was named after the Dutch prince Maurita van Nassau. They introduced sugar cane and Javanese deer. After the Dutch left the island in 1710, the French occupied the island and renamed it Island of France. Today, the population of the Republic of Mauritius is estimated at 1.3 million; the capital is Port Louis. The island nation has a tropical climate influenced by the southeastern trade winds. It is known for its multicultural society, consisting of various religions (Hindu, Christian, Muslim) and ethnic groups (Indian, African, Chinese) living together in harmony. The main languages are Mauritian Creole, French, English and Bhojpuri, and English is the official language of the National Assembly. The civil-legal system is based on French civil law with certain elements of English common law. The country gained independence from Great Britain on March 12, 1968 and became a republic in 1992. It occupies full democracy by the Economist Intelligence Unit. The current President is the Honourable Amina Gurib-Fakim, the first woman to take up the post. The Prime Minister is the Honourable Pravind Jugnaut. FACTS AND FIGURES The economy of Mauritius is considered the most competitive economy in sub-Saharan Africa, with very high GDP per capita. The country's economy is based on a variety of sectors, including the sugar and textile industry, tourism and financial services. Mauritius is one of Africa's most popular tourist destinations. It is famous for its natural beauty, with sandy beaches, crystal clear turquoise lagoons, ubiquitous sugar cane fields and breathtaking peaks and valleys. The tourism industry, as one of the main pillars of the country's economy, is vital for its economic development. The sector attracts revenue and is responsible for the creation of 70,000 direct and indirect jobs. Hotels in Mauritius are usually of high standard and welcome tourists from all over the world. Sugar continues to be one of the most important contributors to Mauritius' economy. About 72,000 hectares of land are dedicated to sugar cane. Experts estimate that 600,000 tons of sugar are produced annually, with slightly more than 80% exported to Europe. The Government is committed to modernizing the economy through information and communication technologies (ICT), hospitality and real estate development. Mauritius has completely revamped its ICT industry and now boasts Africa's highest ICC development index. Since independence in 1968, the Mauritian education system has generally been based on the British model. Model. significant changes and improvements have been made over time. The Government provides citizens with free education in order to improve their opportunities in the labour market. Children attend six grades of primary school between the ages of 5 and 11; the middle level goes from seventh grade to 12th grade. According to statistics, the adult literacy rate for both sexes is estimated at 90.6% (men 92.9%, women 88.5%). to make Mauritius a smart island based on digital communication. Among the advances are the country's high-tech infrastructure, especially Ebene Cyber City, which provides high-speed Internet and backup power generators to cope with frequent power outages. The adoption of e-schools in Mauritius was introduced into digital education as part of the Sancore project launched by DIENA (D'egation interminist'rielle and l'ducation num'ruique en Afrique). These efforts enable teachers to create, use, and share digital resources. In addition, in March 2016, an e-learning system (ELS) was launched for public servants, providing them with short, practical online courses that complement traditional such proposals, a system developed by the Ministry of Civil Service and Administrative Reforms in collaboration with UNDP and helping public servants learn at their own pace. The Government firmly believes that ICTs promote the acquisition of knowledge and thus contribute to and strengthen the personal and professional development of Mauritians. In addition, Mauritius has four public and two private universities, including a number of other institutions of higher education, five of which were established in 2000 or later. The oldest institution, the University of Mauritius, was founded in 1965. In 2001, the University of Mauritius began work on the e-learning element and has since developed these resources, expanding access to both university and education in a wide range of courses. The Open University of Mauritius was established in 2012 as a result of the unification of the Mauritius Air College. This element has provided a strong focus on distance education through e-learning platforms. eLearning Africa 2017 eLearning Africa 2017 will be held in Balaclava, Mauritius, September 27-29. Photo Ashok Prabhakaran under the following CC license This article on the African island indian Ocean. For a country on the African continent, see For other purposes, see Mauritius (disambigation). Island Nation in the Indian Ocean Republic mauritiusUnpublic De Maurice (French) Repiblik Maurice (Morisien) Flag Herb Motto: Stella Clavisque Maris Indici (Latin) Archipelago Chagos and Tromelin claim Mauritius.Capitali largest cityPort Louis 20'S 57'30'E / 20.2'S 57'E/20.2 57.5Coordinates: 20'12's 57'30'E / 20.2'S 57.5'E / -20.2; 57.5Official languagesNone (de jure)[Note 1][2]Languages spoken[Note 2][3]84.0% Mauritian Creole5.3% Bhojpuri3.6% French7.1% OtherEthnic groups See Ethnic groups in MauritiusReligion (2011 census)[4]48.54% Hinduism32.71% Christianity—26.26% Catholicism—6.45% Other Christian17.30% Islam1.45% Others/NoneDemonym(s)MauritianGovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic• President Prithvirajsing Roopun• Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth• Speaker of the National Assembly Sooroojdev Phokeer LegislatureNational AssemblyIndependence from the United Kingdom• Constitution of Mauritius 12 March 1968• Republic 12 March 1992 Area • Total2,040 km2 (790 sq mi) (170th)• Water (%)0.07Population• 2019 estimate1,265,475[5] (158th)• 2011 census1,237,091[3]• Density618.24/km2 (1,601.2/sq mi) (10th)GDP (PPP)2019 estimate• Total$31.705 billion[6] (133rd)• Per capita$25,029[6] (61st)GDP (nominal)2019 estimate• Total$14.812 billion[6] (129th)• Per capita$11,693[6] (64th)Gini (2017)36.8[7]mediumHDI (2018) 0.796[8]high · 66thCurrencyMauritian rupee (MUR)Time zoneUTC+4 (MUT)Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (AD)Driving sideleftCalling code+230ISO 3166 codeMUInternet TLD.mu Mauritius (/məˈrɪʃ(i)əs , mɔːˈ-/ (listen) mae RISH-(e-) , mau-; French: Maurice (mɔʁis, moʁis) (listen); Morisien: Maurice (moʁis), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about 2,000 kilometers (1,200 miles) off the southeastern coast of the African continent. It includes the eponymous main island of Mauritius and Rodriguez, Agalaga and St. Brandon. The islands of Mauritius and Rodriguez are part of the Mascarene Islands, along with nearby Reunion, the French Overseas Department. The capital and largest city of Port Louis is located in Mauritius, where most of the population is concentrated. The country covers 2,040 square kilometers (790 square miles) and has an exclusive economic zone covering 2.3 million square kilometers. Arab sailors may have been the first to discover the uninhabited island around 975, which they named Dina Arobi. The earliest confirmed discovery was in 1507 by Portuguese sailors who were otherwise little interested in the islands. The Dutch took in 1598, the establishment of a number of short-lived settlements before abandoning their efforts in 1710. France took control in 1715, renaming it the island of De France. In 1810, the island was captured by Great Britain, and four years later France led to Mauritius and its dependence on the former. As a British colony, Mauritius included Rodriguez, Agalega, St. Brandon, Tromelin, the Chagos archipelago, and, until 1906, the Seychelles. Sovereignty over Tromelin is disputed between Mauritius and France because it was not specifically mentioned in the Treaty of Paris. Mauritius remained mainly plantation colonies of the United Kingdom until independence in 1968. In 1965, three years before Mauritius gained independence, Great Britain separated the Chagos archipelago from Mauritian territory, and the islands of Aldabra, Farquhar and Destrohees from the Seychelles to form the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT). The local population was forcibly expelled, and the largest island, Diego Garcia, was leased to the United States. Britain has restricted access to the Chagos archipelago for casual tourists, the media and its former inhabitants. Chagos' sovereignty is disputed between Mauritius and the United Kingdom. In February 2019, the International Court of Justice issued an advisory opinion ordering the UK to return the Chagos Islands to Mauritius as soon as possible in order to complete the decolonization of Mauritius. Because of their geographical location and centuries of colonialism, the people of Mauritius are very diverse in ethnicity, culture, language and faith; it is the only country in Africa where Hinduism is the largest religion. The Island's Government is closely based on the Westminster parliamentary system, and Mauritius ranks high in the ranking for democracy and economic and political freedom. Mauritius is classified as high in the Human Development Index. According to the World Bank, the country is classified as a high-income economy. Mauritius is considered to be the most competitive and one of the most developed economies in the African region. The country is a welfare state; the Government provides free universal health care, free education to the highest level and free public transport for students, the elderly and the disabled. Mauritius has been recognized as one of the safest and most peaceful countries in the global Peace Index of 2019.
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