What is Malnutrition? NutriCaRe - Improving Nutrition & Hydration, Enhancing Care & Recovery Malnutrition, or undernutrition, happens when your body does not receive enough calories and protein that it needs

Poor eating/drinking can happen because of:

Cognitive/ Illness/diseases Taste change Mood issues Environment changes

Chewing/ Bloatedness Nausea/vomiting swallowing issues Diarrhoea Malnutrition can result in… • Higher risk for falls • Poor healing and increased infections • Hospital re-admissions • Longer hospital stays

Signs of malnutrition or risk of malnutrition

Loss of fat and/or muscles

Developed by Nutrition & Dietetics Department (2018) Food Fortification NutriCaRe - Improving Nutrition & Hydration, Enhancing Care & Recovery

How can I help someone to improve his/her overall nutritional intake? Add any of the ingredients here to the main food item to improve its nutritional value without increasing its portion size!

Canned Tuna Fruit jam* Chocolate spread* in Oil

2 tbsp (30g) 1/3 can (40g) 2 tbsp (30g) 170 kcal, 90 kcal, 110 kcal, 2g protein Wholemeal 10g protein 0g protein bread Sesame oil 1 slice (30g) Kaya* Honey* 80 kcal 3g protein 2 tbsp (30g) 1 tbsp (15ml) 2 tbsp (30g) 110 kcal, 110 kcal, 90 kcal, 0g protein 0g protein 0g protein 1 bowl, (250ml) Sliced cheese Cooked minced meat 210 kcal Peanut butter 3g protein

2 tbsp (30g) 1 slice (20g) 190 kcal, 3 tbsp (90g) 70 kcal, 150 kcal, 8g Cream crackers 4g protein 21g protein 3 pieces (30g) Braised Canned Chicken floss 120 kcal peanuts sardines 2g protein

2 tbsp (30g) Oats /Nestum 3 tbsp (45g) 1 piece (70g) 110 kcal, 100 kcal, 130 kcal, 4 tbsp (30g) 6g protein 10g protein 10g protein 120 kcal Gravy, curry (meat) Egg 5g protein Tofu

This food may 1 large whole raise sugar levels 2/3 block * (60g) in patients with (200g) ½ cup (125ml) 80 kcal, diabetes 100 kcal, 240 kcal, 7g protein 10g protein 3g protein All nutritional values are an estimate from available information sources (i.e. Health Promotion Board database, food packaging).

Developed by Nutrition & Dietetics Department (2018) High Calorie NutriCaRe - Improving Nutrition & Hydration, Enhancing Care & Recovery

Local : 1 serving size = 1 bowl (250ml) unless otherwise stated

Chicken Pau Cream wafers * 1 medium (60g) 3 pieces (30g) 140kcal 5g protein Yam paste/ Or Ni * 140kcal * 480kcal 1g protein 380kcal 3g protein 5g protein

Pulut Hitam with Yam Soya Beancurd coconut milk * Laddu * 1 piece (130g) with beancurd * Pandan Cake * 210kcal 1 piece (30g) 200kcal 160kcal 1 piece (40g) 2g protein 170kcal 3g protein 5g protein 100kcal 3g protein 3g protein Snacks between meals may be a helpful way Chocolate * to increase Jalebi * 1 bar (40g) caloric/protein intake 1 piece (50g) 200kcal You Tiao 150kcal 2g protein 1 stick (50g) 2g protein 200kcal Keropok 4g protein 1 serve (30g) 130kcal 1g protein Siew Mai Goreng Pisang * 2 pieces (50g) Payasam * 1 piece (65g) 160kcal 270kcal 200kcal 4g protein 1g protein Rainbow Kueh * 4g protein Butter Cake * 1 piece (70g) 1 slice (40g) 120kcal 160kcal 1g protein Ice cream * 2g protein 1 scoop (50g) 180kcal Agar-agar * 3g protein Tang Yuan (glutinous Vadai rice balls)2 pieces * 1 piece (50g) 1 piece (150g) 120kcal This food may raise sugar 150kcal 150kcal 0g protein * levels in patients with 2g protein 5g protein diabetes Use Variety, Be Creative!

*This food may contribute to high blood sugar levels for patient with diabetes.

All nutritional values are an estimate from available information sources (i.e. Health Promotion Board database, food packaging). Developed by Nutrition & Dietetics Department (2018) Ensure Adequate Fluids & Hydration NutriCaRe - Improving Nutrition & Hydration, Enhancing Care & Recovery

Dehydration can result in adverse effects on function & clinical outcomes. Older adults are especially susceptible due to limited fluid intake. Poor fluid intake may result in complications such as:

Low blood pressure Constipation Urinary tract infection Pressure sores Causes: Signs and symptoms: • Vomiting • Tiredness and/or Headache • Diarrhoea • Dry mouth/lips • Insufficient water intake • Dark colored or strong-smelling urine • Dry & loose skin • Fever

Nourishing fluids can be served to increase nutritional intake keep ensure enough hydration

Malted Full cream milk/ 3-in-1 or Bandung* Barley drink* Soya milk 3 tbsp powder 1 cup Yoghurt drink* 1 cup 1 cup (250ml) 1 cup (e.g. , Horlicks)* *This food may raise sugar levels in patients with diabetes Oral Nutritional Supplements (ONS): • specially formulated beverages that contain energy, protein, vitamins & minerals • complete in nutrition or modular (contain only 1 nutrient) • used to supplement nutritional intake when someone is eating poorly at meals

Developed by Nutrition & Dietetics Department (2018)