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Arthropoda Selecta 20(1): 2156 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2011 Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Abkhazia Ïàóêè (Arachnida: Aranei) Àáõàçèè Mykola M. Kovblyuk1, Yuri M. Marusik2, Aleksandr V. Ponomarev 3, Valery A. Gnelitsa4, Anton A. Nadolny1 Í.Ì. Êîâáëþê1, Þ.Ì. Ìàðóñèê2, À.Â. Ïîíîìàð¸â3, Â.À. Ãíåëèöà4, À.À. Íàäîëüíûé1 1 Zoology Department, National Taurida V.I. Vernadsky University, Yaltinskaya street 4, Simferopol 95007, Ukraine. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Institute for Biological Problems of the North, RAS, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan 685000, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Institute of Arid Zones, South Scientific Centre RAS, Chekhov str., 41, Rostov-on-Don 344006 Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Biological Faculty, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kiev, Volodymyrska street 64, Kiev 01033, Ukraine. E-mail: [email protected] 1 Êàôåäðà çîîëîãèè Òàâðè÷åñêîãî íàöèîíàëüíîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà èì. Â.È.Âåðíàäñêîãî, óë. ßëòèíñêàÿ 4, Ñèìôåðîïîëü 95007, Óêðàèíà. 2 Èíñòèòóò Áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ Ïðîáëåì Ñåâåðà ÄÂÎ ÐÀÍ, óë. Ïîðòîâàÿ 18, Ìàãàäàí 685000, Ðîññèÿ. 3 Èíñòèòóò àðèäíûõ çîí ÞÍÖ ÐÀÍ, ïð. ×åõîâà, 41, Ðîñòîâ-íà-Äîíó 344006 Ðîññèÿ. 4 Áèîëîãè÷åñêèé ôàêóëüòåò Êèåâñêîãî íàöèîíàëüíîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà èì. Ò.Ã. Øåâ÷åíêî, óë. Âëàäèìèðñêàÿ 64, Êèåâ 01033, Óêðàèíà. KEY WORDS: spiders, Aranei, annotated check-list, West Caucasus, Abkhazia. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: ïàóêè, àííîòèðîâàííûé ñïèñîê, Çàïàäíûé Êàâêàç, Àáõàçèÿ. ABSTRACT: A list of 283 species belonging to 42 Charitonov, 1947; Carpathonesticus caucasicus (Chari- families found in Abkhazia is presented. Eleven fami- tonov, 1947) and C. zaitzevi (Charitonov, 1939)). Fur- lies (Atypidae, Coelotidae, Dictynidae, Filistatidae, ther contributions were made by Buchar [1966], Mc- Hahniidae, Leptonetidae, Liocranidae, Mysmenidae, heidze & Utotchkin [1971], Tanasevitch [1986, 1990] Philodromidae, Theridiosomatidae, Zoridae) and 130 and Dunin [1992a,b]. They described seven species species have been found in Abkhazia for the first time. from Abkhazia (Pirata hurkai Buchar, 1966; Xysticus Seven species are illustrated. kochi abchasicus Mcheidze et Utotchkin, 1971; Hy- grocrates caucasicus Dunin, 1992; Diplocephalus cau- ÐÅÇÞÌÅ: Ïðèâåä¸í ñïèñîê ïàóêîâ, âûÿâëåííûõ casicus Tanasevitch, 1987; Oedothorax meridionalis â Àáõàçèè (ïî ëèòåðàòóðíûì è ñîáñòâåííûì Tanasevitch, 1987; Stemonyphantes agnatus Ta- äàííûì): 283 âèäà èç 42 ñåìåéñòâ. Èç íèõ 11 ñå- nasevitch, 1990 and Troglohyphantes deelemanae Ta- ìåéñòâ (Atypidae, Coelotidae, Dictynidae, Filistatidae, nasevitch, 1986). Further contribution was made by Hahniidae, Leptonetidae, Liocranidae, Mysmenidae, Mcheidze [1997] who surveyed fauna of Georgia (in- Philodromidae, Theridiosomatidae, Zoridae) è 130 cluding Abkhazia). Recently, during the last decade, âèäîâ óêàçûâàþòñÿ äëÿ Àáõàçèè âïåðâûå. Ñåìü Abkhazia and its spider fauna became a subject of âèäîâ èëëþñòðèðîâàíû. intensive studies and seven papers dealing with differ- ent groups of spiders have been published [Marusik et al., 2004; Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2004; Kovblyuk & Introduction Ponomarev, 2008; Kovblyuk & Nadolny, 2009; Marusik & Gnelitsa, 2009; Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2010; Kovbly- Abkhazia is the small region on the southwestern uk et al., 2010]. This became possible thanks to several edge of the Caucasus Major, at the northeastern shore expeditions held by Russian and Ukrainian arachnolo- of the Black Sea and south of Russia. Spiders of this gists in 2003, 2004, 2008 and 2009. All these data area were never studied purposely and therefore the were summarized in the database of Caucasian spiders fauna of Abkhazia remains rather poorly known . First [Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. So, until recently 153 species spiders from this region were reported by Schmidt of spiders were known in Abkhasia. [1895], Simon [1899], Verzhbitsky [1902] and Chari- Most of the material collected by two first authors tonov [1939, 1941, 1947]. In last papers Charitonov in Abkhazia was identified, but a list of these identifi- described four new species from the caves (Tegenaria cations was never published. It is the main aim of this abchasica Charitonov, 1941; Cybaeus abchasicus paper to summarize all literature and collection data 22 M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny concerning spiders of Abkhazia and to present the first 17. Sukhum, left bank of Kelasur River (42°58N checklist of spiders from the region. 41°04E), litter along river bank, 11.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 18. Sukhum, Botanical Garden, 13.10.2004, Yu.M. Material and Methods Marusik; 19. Gudauta Distr., road to Ritsa Lake (43°28N, Most of new material presented here was collected 40°30E), shaking moss epiphytes and in moss, 14.10. by two first authors, and also by our colleagues Yu.G. 2004, Yu.M. Marusik; Arzanov, P.P. Ivliev, E.A. Khachikov and N.N. Yunak- 20. Gudauta Distr., road to Ritsa Lake (43°15N ov in the period 20012010. 40°20E), gravels on Bzyb River bank, 14.10.2004, Besides the identified species, we also list several Yu.M. Marusik; unidentified ones, in case they belong to interesting 21. Gudauta Distr., road to Ritsa Lake (43°28N supraspecific taxa. Numbers of identified and unidenti- 40°30E), shaking moss epiphytes and in moss, 14.10. fied species are presented in table 1. Several species 2004, Yu.M.Marusik; represented in our collection by juvenile specimens 22. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., My- were not included in the list, although they can be usser highland (43°10.756N 40°21.244E), Pinus pity- identified with high certainty because of a characteris- usa litter and branch shaking on steep slope, 15.10.2004, tic body shape or pattern. A. Shavlokhov; Numbers of samples are provided in the text in 23. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., My- square brackets in bold. Detailed data for all 63 locali- usser highland, Ldzaa cave (43°10.8N 40°21E), 15.10. ties visited and surveyed are indicated on Map 1 as 2004, Yu.M. Marusik & A. Shavlokhov; follows (in chronological order): 24. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., My- 01. Gudauta Distr., Bzyb Mt. Range, Achybakh usser highland (43°10.756N 40°21.244E), Pinus pity- Mt., 30.06.2001, Yu.G. Arzanov; usa litter on steep slope, 15.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 02. Gudauta Distr., confluence of Bzyb and Gega 25. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., My- Rivers, 6.07.2001, Yu.G. Arzanov; usser highland (43°10.756N 40°21.244E), 15-16.10. 03. Gagra, 12.07.2001, Yu.G. Arzanov; 2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 04. Gudauta Distr., Khabyu Vil., 47.06.2003, P.P. 26. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., My- Ivliev; usser highland (43°10.255N 40°22.370E), full grown 05. Gudauta Distr., Khabyu Vil., 2224.06.2003, Pinus pityusa along seashore, litter and shaking, 16.10. P.P. Ivliev; 2004, A. Shavlokhov; 06. Sukhum, University Campus (42°58.4N 41° 27. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., My- 04.04 E, ca 50 m), litter, Eucalyptus, tree shaking, usser highland (43°10.255N 40°22.370E), full grown 7.12.2003, Yu.M. Marusik; Pinus pityusa along seashore, litter, 16.10.2004, Yu.M. 07. Sukhum, Botanical Garden (43°00.329N Marusik; 41°01.400E), litter and tree shaking, 9.12.2003, Yu.M. 28. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., My- Marusik & G.N.Antipova; usser highland (43°10.255N 40°22.370E), young 2 08. Sukhum, Kelasur (42°58.4N 41°04.04E), main- 3 m Pinus pityusa along seashore, litter, 16.10.2004, ly under Eucalyptus bark, 910.12.2003, Yu.M. Yu.M. Marusik; Marusik; 29. Gagra Distr., Bzyb Vil., 1315.06.2005, P.P. 09. Gudauta Distr., 25 km N Gudauta, 15 km N Ivliev; from Achandara Vil., Gunarkhva, 1214.08.2004, P.P. 30. Gudauta, 7.10.2005, E.A. Khachikov; Ivliev; 31. Sukhhum Distr., West Gumista River, middle 10. Sukhum (42°58.4N 41°04.04E), 910.10.2004, course of Doukuara River (43°16N, 40°53E, 565 m), Yu.M. Marusik; 22.06.2007, N.N. Yunakov; 11. Sukhum (42°58.4N 41°04.04E), sandy sea- 32. Gagra Distr., middle course of Ghegha River shore, on grass, 910.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; (43°25N, 40°26E, 500 m), 12.07.2007, N.N. Yunakov; 12. Sukhum (42°58.4N 41°04.04E), litter of co- 33. Gudauta Distr., 25 km N Gudauta, 15 km N from niferous trees along the seashore, 10.10.2004, Yu.M. Achandara Vil., Gunarkhva, 710.10.2007, P.P. Ivliev; Marusik; 34. Gudauta Distr., Malaya Ritsa Lake, 6.06.2008, 13. Sukhum, shaking trees, 10.10.2004, Yu.M. P.P. Ivliev; Marusik; 35. Gagra Distr., Ritsa Lake, 7.06.2008, P.P. Ivliev; 14. Sukhum, left bank of Kelasur River (42°58N 36. Gudauta Distr., environs of Pitsunda, mouth of 41°04E), clay shadowed cliffs, 11.10.2004, Yu.M. Ryapsh River, Myusser Distr. of Pitsundo-Myusser Marusik; Reserve (43°09N, 40°25E, 27 m), kolhida wood (Ar- 15. Sukhum, left bank of Kelasur River (42°58N butus, Alnus, Ficus, Carpinus, Quercus, Acer, Rhodo- 41°04E), cellar of uninhabited house, 11.10.2004, dendron, Erica arborea, Rubus, Smilax excelsa, Cas- Yu.M. Marusik; tanea sativa, Laurocerasus officinalis, Cornus mas, 16. Sukhum, left bank of Kelasur River, tree shak- Pinus pityusa, Crataegus, Tilia, Ruscus), 17.07.2008, ing in university campus, 11.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; M.M. Kovblyuk; Spiders of Abkhazia 23 Map 1. Collecting sites in Abkhazia. Êàðòà 1. Ìåñòà ñáîðà ìàòåðèàëà â Àáõàçèè. 37. Gudauta Distr., environs of Pitsunda, Myusser 42. Sukhum Distr., Buru Range, Dzykhva Mt., Kot- Distr. of Pitsundo-Myusser Reserve (43°09N, 40° Kot River (43°13N, 41°07E, ~2500 m), alpine zone, 25E), cave, 6.07.2008, N.N. Yunakov; near of snow, 24.07.2008, A.A. Khaustov; 38. Sukhum, 8.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk; 43. Sukhum Distr., Buru Range, Dzykhva Mt., 39. Sukhum Distr., Gumysta Reserve, East Gumys- (43°13N, 41°07E, ~2200 m), wood (Fagus, Abies, ta River, kordon Tsymur (43°10N, 41°02E, 420 m, Acer), 25.07.2008, M.M.
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    STATUS AND PROTECTION OF GLOBALLY THREATENED SPECIES IN THE CAUCASUS CEPF Biodiversity Investments in the Caucasus Hotspot 2004-2009 Edited by Nugzar Zazanashvili and David Mallon Tbilisi 2009 The contents of this book do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of CEPF, WWF, or their sponsoring organizations. Neither the CEPF, WWF nor any other entities thereof, assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product or process disclosed in this book. Citation: Zazanashvili, N. and Mallon, D. (Editors) 2009. Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus. Tbilisi: CEPF, WWF. Contour Ltd., 232 pp. ISBN 978-9941-0-2203-6 Design and printing Contour Ltd. 8, Kargareteli st., 0164 Tbilisi, Georgia December 2009 The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, the Global Environment Facility, the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. This book shows the effort of the Caucasus NGOs, experts, scientific institutions and governmental agencies for conserving globally threatened species in the Caucasus: CEPF investments in the region made it possible for the first time to carry out simultaneous assessments of species’ populations at national and regional scales, setting up strategies and developing action plans for their survival, as well as implementation of some urgent conservation measures. Contents Foreword 7 Acknowledgments 8 Introduction CEPF Investment in the Caucasus Hotspot A. W. Tordoff, N. Zazanashvili, M. Bitsadze, K. Manvelyan, E. Askerov, V. Krever, S. Kalem, B. Avcioglu, S. Galstyan and R. Mnatsekanov 9 The Caucasus Hotspot N.
  • Higher-Level Phylogenetics of Linyphiid Spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence

    Higher-Level Phylogenetics of Linyphiid Spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence

    Cladistics Cladistics 25 (2009) 231–262 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00249.x Higher-level phylogenetics of linyphiid spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence Miquel A. Arnedoa,*, Gustavo Hormigab and Nikolaj Scharff c aDepartament Biologia Animal, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, E-8028 Barcelona, Spain; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; cDepartment of Entomology, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark Accepted 19 November 2008 Abstract This study infers the higher-level cladistic relationships of linyphiid spiders from five genes (mitochondrial CO1, 16S; nuclear 28S, 18S, histone H3) and morphological data. In total, the character matrix includes 47 taxa: 35 linyphiids representing the currently used subfamilies of Linyphiidae (Stemonyphantinae, Mynogleninae, Erigoninae, and Linyphiinae (Micronetini plus Linyphiini)) and 12 outgroup species representing nine araneoid families (Pimoidae, Theridiidae, Nesticidae, Synotaxidae, Cyatholipidae, Mysmenidae, Theridiosomatidae, Tetragnathidae, and Araneidae). The morphological characters include those used in recent studies of linyphiid phylogenetics, covering both genitalic and somatic morphology. Different sequence alignments and analytical methods produce different cladistic hypotheses. Lack of congruence among different analyses is, in part, due to the shifting placement of Labulla, Pityohyphantes,
  • Georgia/Abkhazia

    Georgia/Abkhazia

    HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH ARMS PROJECT HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH/HELSINKI March 1995 Vol. 7, No. 7 GEORGIA/ABKHAZIA: VIOLATIONS OF THE LAWS OF WAR AND RUSSIA'S ROLE IN THE CONFLICT CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................................................5 EVOLUTION OF THE WAR.......................................................................................................................................6 The Role of the Russian Federation in the Conflict.........................................................................................7 RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................................................8 To the Government of the Republic of Georgia ..............................................................................................8 To the Commanders of the Abkhaz Forces .....................................................................................................8 To the Government of the Russian Federation................................................................................................8 To the Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus...........................................................................9 To the United Nations .....................................................................................................................................9 To the Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe..........................................................................9
  • A Summary List of Fossil Spiders

    A Summary List of Fossil Spiders

    A summary list of fossil spiders compiled by Jason A. Dunlop (Berlin), David Penney (Manchester) & Denise Jekel (Berlin) Suggested citation: Dunlop, J. A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. 2010. A summary list of fossil spiders. In Platnick, N. I. (ed.) The world spider catalog, version 10.5. American Museum of Natural History, online at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.html Last udated: 10.12.2009 INTRODUCTION Fossil spiders have not been fully cataloged since Bonnet’s Bibliographia Araneorum and are not included in the current Catalog. Since Bonnet’s time there has been considerable progress in our understanding of the spider fossil record and numerous new taxa have been described. As part of a larger project to catalog the diversity of fossil arachnids and their relatives, our aim here is to offer a summary list of the known fossil spiders in their current systematic position; as a first step towards the eventual goal of combining fossil and Recent data within a single arachnological resource. To integrate our data as smoothly as possible with standards used for living spiders, our list follows the names and sequence of families adopted in the Catalog. For this reason some of the family groupings proposed in Wunderlich’s (2004, 2008) monographs of amber and copal spiders are not reflected here, and we encourage the reader to consult these studies for details and alternative opinions. Extinct families have been inserted in the position which we hope best reflects their probable affinities. Genus and species names were compiled from established lists and cross-referenced against the primary literature.
  • Kryptonesticus Georgescuae Spec. Nov. from Movile Cave, Romania (Araneae: Nesticidae)

    Kryptonesticus Georgescuae Spec. Nov. from Movile Cave, Romania (Araneae: Nesticidae)

    Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 55: 22-24 Karlsruhe, April 2018 Kryptonesticus georgescuae spec. nov. from Movile Cave, Romania (Araneae: Nesticidae) Augustin Nae, Serban M. Sarbu & Ingmar Weiss doi: 10.30963/aramit5503 Abstract. Kryptonesticus georgescuae spec. nov., a blind troglobitic spider species from the mesothermal sulfidic Movile Cave (Romania), is described and illustrated based on two female specimens. The male is unknown. The relationship between this new species and other European species of Nesticidae is discussed. Keywords: blind, cave-spider, chemo-autotrophically based ecosystem, endemic, new species, troglobites Zusammenfassung. Kryptonesticus georgescuae spec. nov. aus der Movile-Höhle, Rumänien (Araneae: Nesticidae). Eine blinde, troglobionte Spinnenart aus der mesothermalen Schwefelwasserstoff-Höhle Movile (Rumänien) wird anhand von zwei weiblichen In- dividuen beschrieben und abgebildet. Das Männchen ist unbekannt. Die Beziehung dieser neuen Art zu europäischen Nesticidae wird diskutiert. Movile Cave is located near the town of Mangalia in sou- Material and methods theastern Romania, at a distance of two kilometers from the This study is based on two females from the Movile Cave, Black Sea shore. It was discovered in 1986 when a 20 m deep deposited in the following institutions: artificial shaft intercepted a natural cave passage developed in SMF: Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Sarmatian limestones (12.5 MY). The lower sections of Mo- Germany vile Cave are flooded by thermomineral water (21 °C) rich in ISER: Institute of Speleology „Emil Racovitza“, Buca rest, + reduced chemical compounds such as H2S, CH4 and NH4 . Romania. The redox interface created at the water surface between these The specimens were conserved in 70 % ethanol.
  • New Data on Aituaria Pontica (Spassky, 1932) (Aranei: Nesticidae)

    New Data on Aituaria Pontica (Spassky, 1932) (Aranei: Nesticidae)

    Arthropoda Selecta 26(3): 241–243 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2017 New data on Aituaria pontica (Spassky, 1932) (Aranei: Nesticidae) Íîâûå äàííûå î Aituaria pontica (Spassky, 1932) (Aranei: Nesticidae) Sergei L. Esyunin Ñ.Ë. Åñþíèí Perm State University, Bukireva Street 15, Perm, Russia, 614600. E-mail: [email protected] Пермский государственный университет, ул. Букирева 15, Пермь 614600 Россия. KEY WORDS: cave cobweb spiders, Aituaria, distribution, new synonym. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: пауки нестициды, Aituaria, распространение, новый синоним. ABSTRACT. The genus Aituaria Esyunin et Efimik, Recently, additional Aituaria specimens have been 1998 is redefined as monotypic. It is close to the pre- collected from the City of Perm (Russia). Having ex- dominantly Caucasian borutzkyi species group of the amined them, the author has come to the conclusion genus Carpathonesticus Lehtinen et Saaristo, 1980, that A. nataliae and A. pontica are to be considered but can easily be distinguished from it by the broad, conspecific. The main aims of this paper are (1) to ribbon-shaped embolus notched at its tip, as compared synonymize both species names, (2) to illustrate im- to the narrow, tapering off embolus in the borutzkyi portant diagnostic characteristics of the male palp, and species group. The species Aituaria nataliae Esyunin (3) to provide new distributional and ecological data et Efimik, 1998 is synonymized with A. pontica for A. pontica. (Spassky, 1932). A. pontica is reported from the Mid- dle Urals for the first time, its male palp is illustrated Material and methods and distributional and ecological data are also summa- rized. SEM micrographs were made by means of a Hita- chi TM3000 SEM microscope with BSE (back-scat- РЕЗЮМЕ.