John Lindley’s pamphlet collection

Brent Elliott formerly Historian, Royal Horticultural Society, Lindley Library 5.2.1799 – 1.11.1865

Drawing by his daughter Carte de visite, c.1860 Portrait by E.U. Eddis, 1862

Lindley’s functions at the Horticultural Society [equivalents in modern departments]

• Administration (Secretariat) General administration of the Society, dealing with correspondence and complaints, overseeing financial administration • Identification of sent from abroad by the Society’s collectors, and naming them if they were new to science • Publications Editing the Society’s Transactions, and later (after financial cutbacks) its Journal • Education Managing the training programme for staff at the garden at Chiswick, and establishing the staff library there • Shows Running the Society’s programme of flower shows at Chiswick John Lindley’s career - extramural

• 1828-62 Professor of Botany, University College • 1829-47 Editor, Botanical Register • 1835-53 Professor of Botany, Society of Apothecaries (Chelsea Physic Garden) • 1837-38 Compiler of report on the future of • 1841-63 Editor, Gardeners’ Chronicle • 1862 Superintendent, Colonial Section, Great Exhibition of 1862 Volumes on specific themes Louis de Vilmorin (1816-1860)

Louis de Vilmorin, sending Lindley various installments of the French laws relating to sugar beet production The creation of the Indian tea trade

Andrew Charlton, Correspondence regarding the discovery of the tea plant of Assam, 1841

Robert Fortune (1812-1880)

The grave of John Lindley Fortune, son of Robert Fortune, in Brompton Cemetery, William Griffith (1810-1845)

Above: Journal of the Asiatic Society, 1836. “This is full of mistakes: but I was 600 miles from Calcutta and could not obtain advice or books for consultation”

Right: Transactions of the Agricultural and Horticultural Society of India, 1838. “The great number of errata in this report is due to its having appeared in the Transaction[s] of the Agricultural Society of Calcu[tta] / Wm. Griffith"

The Gardeners’ Chronicle and the potato famine 1845

Miles J. Berkeley (1803-1889)

Pamphlets on the potato famine Pamphlets on the potato famine (continued)

Peter Knecht Ascension Island

1847: Lindley was consulted by the Admiralty on the cultivation of Ascension Island, which they wanted to furnish for a naval garrison. Joseph Hooker and Lindley were asked to recommend suitable plants for afforestation and agriculture. Darwin’s first publication (not that he knew about it)

Charles Darwin, Extracts from letters addressed to Professor Henslow (1835)

Henslow printed these excerpts from the letters Darwin had been sending him from the Beagle voyage, for private distribution to friends. The adulteration of coffee, 1852-53

Lindley, report on the adulteration of coffee, 1852; plus manuscript notes on adulteration, and lithographed illustration to accompany report The adulteration of coffee, 1852-53

Lindley, lithographed illustration to accompany report, 1852 William Benjamin Carpenter, lithographed illustration to accompany his report on adulteration, 1852-53 Lindley’s system(s) of classification

Illustrations from the entries for Endogens and Exogens, in the Penny Cyclopaedia Lindley’s annotations – one example of few

Lindley’s annotation on Helm’s Dissertatio, pasted on the title-page verso: “Professor Jacquin in a note which accompanied this, mentions that it is to be considered a exposition of Prof Mohs’s views of systematic arrangements, & of the principles of classification. J.L. March 1835.” Taxonomic pamphlets

Karl Sigismund Kunth (1788-1850) Matthias Jacob Schleiden (1804-1881) The Fossil Flora of Britain, 1831-37, by Lindley and William Hutton

Calamites mougeotii Stigmaria fucoides Artists included Lindley, Hutton, and Sarah Anne Drake, but not all plates are signed Palaeobotany

Illustrations from Henry T.M. Witham, ‘The internal structure of fossil vegetables found in the carboniferous and oolitic deposits of Great Britain’, 1833 Palaeobotany: Adolphe Brongniart (1801-1876)

Adolphe Brongniart: carte de visite, 1866 Chemistry

Sir John Herschel (1792-1871) Daniel Pereira Gardner (+1853) “Dr Lindley with the Auth[or’s] best Compts” American Journal of Science and Arts, 1844 Philosophy of science

Karl Heinrich Schultz-Schultzenstein (1798-1861) The promotion of glasshouses

Samuel Hereman, engineer for Paxton’s “Glasshouses for the million” Pamphlets on the establishment of the University of London

Joseph Hume (1777-1855) was a radical politician and one of the founders of University College – and, in his youth, a plant collector in Turkey Pamphlets on educational controversies Colonial administration Mettray Penal Colony

Mettray: founded 1840 to reform young offenders through agricultural work. The Philanthropic Society followed its example by setting up a Farm School for Boys at Redhill, 1849. Benedict Roezl (c.1824-1885)

Benedict Roezl: carte de visite, 1866 The most frequently represented authors Ten pamphlets or more

• Charles Morren 46 • Augustin Pyramus de Candolle 32 • 25 • Robert Wight 23 • Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius 22 • Eduard Fenzl 20 • Guglielmo Gasparrini 19 • Michele Tenore 19 • F. W. A. Miquel 18 • Pierre Duchartre 17 • Carl Anton von Meyer 16 • Johann Friedrich Klotzsch 15 • Karl Sigismund Kunth 13 • J. G. Christian Lehmann 13 • Filippo Parlatore 13 • Johan Emanuel Wikström 13 • Alphonse de Candolle 12 • 12 • Auguste de Saint-Hilaire 12 • Matthias Jacob Schleiden 12 • W. H. de Vriese 12 • Jacques Denis Choisy 11 • Joseph Decaisne 11 • 10 • William Griffith 10 • Christian Gottfried Nees von Esenbeck 10 Some significant authors with four or more pamphlets

• Heinrich Friedrich Link 9 • Carl Wilhelm Nägeli 9 • 9 • Robert Caspary 8 • Luigi Colla 7 • 7 • 7 • 7 • Hugo von Mohl 7 • J. E. Planchon 7 • Nicolas Charles Seringe 7 • Ludolph Christian Treviranus 7 • August H. R. Grisebach 6 • Carl Hasskarl 6 • Félix Pouchet 6 • Jakob Georg Agardh 5 • Alexander Braun 5 • Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré 5 • Ferdinand von Mueller 5 • Philipp Franz von Siebold 5 • 5 • Joseph G. Zuccarini 5 • Carl Adolf Agardh 4 • John Hutton Balfour 4 • Adolphe Brongniart 4 • Charles Naudin 4 • Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach 4 • Louis René Tulasne 4 • Philip Barker Webb 4 Sources of pamphlets: sent to Lindley at University College

Giovanni de Brignoni di Brunnhoff (1774-1857) Presented to “Sir John Lindley”, 1843 Testimonials: Hooker vs Balfour for the Professorship of Botany at , 1845

John Hutton Balfour Joseph Dalton Hooker (1808-1884) (1817-1911)

Balfour was appointed Professor Testimonials: Watson vs Thwaites for the Professorship of Botany at the Irish universities, 1847

Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804-1881) George Henry Kendrick Thwaites (1812-1882)

Lindley supported both candidates. Neither was awarded the Professorship.

Sources of pamphlets: sent to Lindley at the Gardeners’ Chronicle

Pseudonymous pamphlet on rural education, 1850 Addressed “To the Editor of the Gardeners Chronicle” John Martin (1789-1854) in apocalyptic mode

Belshazzaar’s feast, 1820 The great day of His wrath, 1853

The plains of Heaven, 1853 John Martin (1789-1854) in civil engineering mode Inscribers of presentation copies of pamphlets

Carl Adolph Agardh Jakob Georg Agardh Giovanni Battista Amici Robert Arthur, nurseryman Henri Ernest Baillon Carl Otto Berg Willibald von Besser William Billington, forester Edward W. Brayley, zoologist John Briggs, Indian administrator Giovanni de Brignoli di Brunnhoff Adolphe Brongniart Samuel Broome, gardener Robert Brown Francis Buckland, zoologist James Buckman, chemist Gilbert Thomas Burnett James Caird, agriculturist Alphonse de Candolle Augustin Pyramus de Candolle Clement Carlyon, physician Robert Caspary Andrew Charlton, colonial admin. Jacques Denis Choisy Ferdinand Cohn Miguel Colmeiro y Penido Égide Norbert Cornelissen Carl Bernhard von Cotta, geologist Éd. Croiser de Berges, agriculturist John Curtis, entomologist John Frederick Daniell, chemist Charles Daubeny Joseph Decaisne Jean Marie Delalande Alire Raffeneau Delire John Bailey Denton, engineer George Dickie Alexander Dickson Robert Dickson, physician Albert Gottfried Dietrich Lewis Weston Dillwyn David Don Henry Drummond, politician Pierre Étienne Simon Duchartre Barthélemy Charles Dumortier H. Erhardt, writer on tobacco Eduard Fenzl William Ferguson, colonial administrator Friedrich Ernst Ludwig von Fischer Charles Fox, engraver George Gardner Jacques Étienne Gay Mariano Graells, entomologist Asa Gray William Griffith August Grisebach James Hamerton, forester Daniel Hanbury Justus Carl Hasskarl Charles Hatchett, chemist Arthur Henfrey John Stevens Henslow William Herbert John Herschel, physicist Richard Brinsley Hinds [Sir] Joseph Dalton Hooker William Dawson Hooker Paul Fedorowitsch Horaninov Joseph Hume, politician Robert Hunt, chemist William Hutton, geologist William Jameson Jean de Jonghe, gardener William King, geologist Johann Friedrich Klotzsch Peter Knecht, manufacturer Karl Sigismund Kunth Edwin Lankester George Lawson John Le Couteur, agriculturist Comte Lelieur, agriculturist Antoine Charles Lemaire Johann Georg Christian Lehmann Heinrich Friedrich Link [Sir] Charles Lyell, geologist John Charles Lyons, orchid grower Andrew Douglas Maclagan, physician Alexander Maconochie, colonial ad. William Marshall John Martin, painter Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius Theodor Wilhelm Christian Martius Maxwell T. Masters Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel Charles Francois Brisseau de Mirbel Camille Montagne Charles Morren Ferdinand von Mueller Johannes Müller-Argoviensis

Inscribers of presentation copies of pamphlets (continued)

Charles Naudin Louis Neumann, gardener John Birkbeck Nevins George Newport, zoologist Anders Sandoe Oersted Daniel Oliver Eugene O’Meara Wilhelm Opatowski Christoph Friedrich Otto, gardener James Eugene Owen, physician Josiah Parkes, civil engineer Charles Christopher Parry Alexander Patullo, agriculturist Sir Robert Peel, politician Eugène Melchior Péligot, chemist William Hasledine Pepys Jonathan Pereira, pharmacologist Francois Haken Philippar, gardener Jules Émile Planchon Félix Pouchet Karel Borivoj Presl Auguste de Pronville, nurseryman Ludwig Radlkofer Eugène de Reboul Louis Claude Marie Richard Hugh Robertson, engineer George Wilhelm Julius Rossmann John Forbes Royle Auguste deSaint-Hilaire William Devonshire Saull, geologist Hermann Schacht Adolph von Schlagintweit Matthias Jacob Schleiden Robert Hermann Schomburgk Heinrich Adolph Schrader Frederik Christian Schübeler Karl Heinrich Schultz-Schultzenstein Berthold Seemann Nicolas Charles Seringe George Sigerson T. Hookham Silvester, physician [Sir] John Simon, physician John Smith James Smithson Edward Solly, chemist William Spence, entomologist Joachim Steetz John Stenhouse, chemist George Henry Kendrick Thwaites Thomas Thomson Ernst Rudolf von Trautvetter Louis de Vilmorin Roberto de Visiani Robert Wight Nathaniel J. Winch William Withers, forester Heinrich Wydler Agustin Yañez y Girona, pharmacologist The Genevan connection: Alphonse de Candolle (1806-1893)

Alphonse de Candolle: carte de visite, 1866 The Genevan connection: Jacques Denis Choisy (1799-1859)

Choisy mis-spells Lindley’s name: "Mr Lyndley, de la part a l'auteur". Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794-1868)

Martius: carte de visite, 1866 Martius, paper from Allgemeine Martius, inscription on wrapper of botanische Zeitung, 1831 Wegweiser für … K. Botanischen Gartens München, 1852 Robert Wight (1796-1872)

Robert Wight: carte de visite, 1865 Charles Lyell (1797-1875): presentation copies of works on roses

Charles Lyell: carte de visite, n.d. Félix Alexandre Pouchet (1800-1872)

Pouchet’s grave in Rouen Johann Friedrich Klotzsch (1805-1860)

Klotzsch, “Beschreibung der Protea Mundi Kl.” Klotzsch, “Cyclosia Kl. Eine neue Orchideengattung” "To Professor Lindley / with Dr. Klotzschs Kindest reg[ards]". Joseph Decaisne (1807-1882)

Decaisne: carte de visite, 1866

Extrait des Mémoires de la Société Impériale et Centrale d'Agriculture, 1854.

Eduard Fenzl (1808-1879)

Eduard Fenzl: carte de visite, 1866 "Viro illustrissimo Je Lindley F.R.S. / Auctor” Frederik Anton Willem Miquel (1811-1871)

Miquel: carte de visite, 1866 Presentation by Miquel and Vriese Justus Carl Hasskarl (1811-1894)

Hasskarl: carte de visite, 1866 Hasskarl, ‘Adnotationes de plantis quibusdam Javanicis’, Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie, 1843, sent to Lindley by W.H. de Vriese Justus Carl Hasskarl (1811-1894)

Hasskarl: carte de visite, 1866 Hasskarl, ‘Adnotationes de plantis horti Bogoriensis’, Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie, 1844 August Heinrich Rudolf Grisebach (1814-1879)

Grisebach: carte de visite, 1866 Charles Naudin (1815-1899)

Naudin: carte de visites, 1866 and 1881

Naudin on Cucurbita, Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 1856 Charles Morren (1807-1858)

Charles Morren: carte de visite, 1866 Bulletin de l’Académie Royale de Bruxelles, 1834 Charles Morren (1807-1858)

Charles Morren: carte de visite, 1866 Morren’s inscription, presenting to Lindley a pamphlet by Quetelet on statistical chorology: “Instructions pour l'observation des phénomènes périodiques”, 1842

“A Mr. Lindley de la part de Ch. Morren en réponse à un voeu exprimé dans le célèbre Theory of ” Ferdinand Cohn (1828-1898)

Ferdinand Cohn: carte de visite, 1866 Cohn, Untersuchungen über ... Algen und Pilze, 1854 Joseph Leidy (1823-1891)

Leidy: carte de visite, 1865 Gut flora of a dung beetle, as illustrated in Leidy’s ‘A flora and fauna within living animals’, 1853 The brothers Schlagintweit

Adolf von Schlagintweit (1829-1857), chapter in Hermann Rudolf von Schlagintweit, Untersuchungen über die physikalische Geographie der Alpen (1850) Robert Caspary (1818-1887)

Caspary: carte de visite, 1866

Caspary, De abietinearum, 1861 Baron Ferdinand von Mueller (1825-1896)

Mueller: carte de visite, 1866 Mueller, ‘On the systematic position of the nardoo plant’, Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 1865 - one of the last papers Lindley would have received And now, over to you:

Did John Lindley send copies of his own pamphlets to your botanists? Did he sign them? Any inscriptions of interest?