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The Balkan Endemics Moehringia Jankae Griseb. Ex Janka and Moehringia Grisebachii Janka in Bulgaria

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The Balkan Endemics Moehringia Jankae Griseb. Ex Janka and Moehringia Grisebachii Janka in Bulgaria Trakia Journal of Sciences, No 4, pp 261-269, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Trakia University Available online at: http://www.uni-sz.bg ISSN 1313-7050 (print) ISSN 1313-3551 (online) doi:10.15547/tjs.2018.04.001 Original Contribution THE BALKAN ENDEMICS MOEHRINGIA JANKAE GRISEB. EX JANKA AND MOEHRINGIA GRISEBACHII JANKA IN BULGARIA M. Zhelyazkova1*, N. Grozeva2, M. Gerdzhikova3, S. Terzieva2 1Department of Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria 2Department of Biology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria 3Department of Plamt Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to establish the current distribution оf Balkan endemics Moehringia jankae Griseb. ex Janka and Moehringia grisebachii Janka in Bulgaria. The routing method was used. All areas which the species inhabit according to literary sources were visited. Established were 12 populations of M. jankae and 32 populations of M. grisebachii. All established populations of M. jankae were from the Eastern Balkan Range on the territory of Sinite Kamani Natural Park. Three of the registered populations of M. grisebachii were from North-Eastern Bulgaria (Shumen region, near village Madara). Thirteen were from Sredna Gora Mts (nine on the territory of village Rozovets, two between village Rozovets and Bratan peak, two on peak Orlite and one between peak Orlite and the megalith Popova turla, rock formation along the road from village Rozovets to the rock formation Pravite kamani, the rock formation Pravite kamani, rock formations west of the megalith Pravite kamani, and one above village Pesnopoy in the area Usoykata). Nineteen were from the Eastern Balkan Range on the territory of Sinite Kamani Natural Park. Each population was assessed and the factors with negative influence were indicated. Key words: Moehringia jankae, Moehringia grisebachii, Bulgaria, distribution, Balkan endemics INTRODUCTION Shumensko), Eastern Balkan Range (Sinite The Bulgarian flora is rich and diverse and Kamani Natural Park above the town of includes 270 endemic Balkan species which Sliven), Sredna Gora Mts (between the village belong to 116 genera and 35 families (1). The of Rozovets and Bratan peak), Thracian Plane endemic taxa, among which are Moehringia (the surroundings of Simeonovgrad), Tundja grisebachii and Moehringia jankae, are among Hilly Plain (Sakar Mountains, north of the the most attractive components in each flora village of Matochina, Svilengrad). Distribution and play an important role in understanding in the Balkans includes Bulgaria, Romania, biogeographical patterns and are often used in and Turkey. planning nature conservation strategies. The Balkan endemic M. grisebachii is included in The Balkan endemic M. jankae is protected by the Red Book of Bulgaria, vol.1. Plants and the Biological Diversity Act (11), included in fungi under category „endangered” (2). the Red Book of Bulgaria, vol. 1. Plants and According to literary sources (2-10) in fungi under category „endangered” (12). It is Bulgaria the species is distributed in North- protected by Annex I of the Bern Conservation Eastern Bulgaria (above the village of Madara, (13) and according to the criteria of the IUCN ________________________ Red Lists of Threatened Plants (14) it has been *Correspondence to: M. Zhelyazkova, Department of rated as „Data Deficient (DD)” on a global Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of scale. The species is included in Annex II of Agriculture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, Directive 92/43/EEC (15). The species is [email protected] distributed in North-Eastern Bulgaria (Shumen Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol. 16, № 4, 2018 261 ZHELYAZKOVA M., et al. region) and Eastern Balkan Range - Sinite For taxonomic database was used Flora of PR Kamani Natural Park above the town of Sliven Bulgaria (17), Field Guide to the Vascular (6-8, 10, 12, 16). Distribution in the Balkans Plants in Bulgaria (18), Key to the Plants of includes Bulgaria and Romania. Bulgaria (6). The aim of the study is to establish the current Through the use of Methodology for distribution оf Moehringia jankae Griseb. Ex monitoring vascular plants in Bulgaria, we Janka and Moehringia grisebachii Janka in were able to determine the status of each Bulgaria. population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The formation in the rocks of the studied area The study was conducted during the vegetation was identified based on the Geological Map of periods of 2017 – 2018. The routing method Bulgaria scale 1:500000, Ministry of was applied to establish the distribution of the Environment and Waters National Geofund species. To determine the locations and status and Geology. of M. jankae and M. grisebachii in Bulgaria we visited and researched mainly on the territory The voucher specimens were deposited in the of: Eastern Balkan Range (Sinite Kamani herbarium of the Agricultural University in Natural Park), Sredna Gora Mts. (village Plovdiv (SOA). Rozovets – peak Bratan – village Svejen – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION village Pesnopoy); Thracian Plane (Haskovo – Moehringia jankae Simeonovgrad); Tundja Hilly Plain (village In the present study there were no discovered Matochina – village Mihalich – village populations of the species in North-Eastern Varnik); North-Eastern Bulgaria (Shumen – Bulgaria (Shumen region). village Kiylevcha – village Troica – village Madara). On the territory of Eastern Balkan Range - Sinite Kamani Natural Park were registered a A Global positioning system (GPS) was used total of 12 populations of Moehringia jankae – to determine the coordinates of the sampling 4 in Kamilata area, 3 along Haiduschka pateka points. The habitats of the species are area, 2 in Karandila area, and 1 population presented on the maps using Google Earth (the each in Karandilska polyana, Micro dam area, World Geodetic System since 1984 (WGS'84). Kaloyanovi kuli (Figure 1). Data for the established populations are shown in Table 1. Figure 1. Distribution of Moehringia jankae in Bulgaria *populations are labeled with the numbers indicated in Table 1 The populations of M. jankae located 350 m. formations near Karandilska polyana, Micro south of hotel complex Karandila, 450 m. dam area, area Kaloyanovi kuli, rock formation south-west of hotel complex Karandila, rock in Kamilata area, along Haiduschka pateka 262 Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol. 16, № 4, 2018 ZHELYAZKOVA M., et al. area east of hotel complex Karandila, along specimen in 2017 respectively. Regarding the Haiduschka pateka area going south from hotel area they cover there has been no discovered complex Karandila, on rock formations near decrease during the six-year period. Two of the Haiduschka pateka area, east of Каmilata area, populations – from Karandilska polyana and north of Каmilata area, rocks between hotel Kaloyanovi kuli area have retained their area, complex Karandila and Каmilata area were while for the other seven populations is recorded described by Grozeva & al. (8) after field an increase in the area. This, according to studies during the vegetation periods 2013 – Grozeva et al. (8), is most probably due to the 2015. For the six-year period (2013-2018) they wetter spring and summer and the more abundant have increased in number while only the moisture allowed for the majority of mature population from Kaloyanovi kuli area has seeds that had fallen in rock crevices to develop experienced slight decrease in 2018 compared successfully. For the newly established three with 2015. A great increase in the numbers populations of the species from Каmilata area, was registered for the population along indicated under numbers 10 to 12 in Table 1, there were no recorded changes in the area and Haiduschka pateka area east of hotel complex numbers during the two-year period of study. Karandila, from 4 specimens in 2013 to 24 Table 1. Data for the registered populations of Moehringia jankae on the territory of Sinite Kamani Natural Park“, Eastern Balkan Range during the vegetation periods 2017-2018 Geographic coordinates in Number of Dominant and the central part Area and number herbarium Location Rock, facing accompanying of the of specimens speciments species population, elevation SOA 1. 350 m. south of N 42° 42.709´, Vertical quartz- Area of 2.5 m2 and lichens and 062311 hotel complex E 26° 22.355´, porphyry rocks 14 specimens mosses Karandila 933 m facing north SOA 2. 450 m. south- N 42° 42.712´, Vertical Area of 55,5 m2 and lichens and 062311 west of hotel E 26° 22.252´, conglomerates 55 specimens in mosses complex 908 m facing south 2017 and 61 Karandila specimens in 2018 SOA 3. rock formations N 42° 42.873´, Vertical quartz- Area of 796 m2 and Moehringia 062309 near Karandilska E 26° 22.452´, porphyry rocks 63 specimens grisebachii, polyana 955 m facing south lichens and mosses SOA 4. Micro dam area N 42° 42.790´, Vertical quartz- Area of 26 m2 and Moehringia 062313 E 26° 22.612´, porphyry rocks 22 specimens grisebachii 972 m facing east lichens and mosses SOA 5. Kaloyanovi kuli N 42° 42.755´, Vertical quartz- Area of 19 m2 and lichens and 062312 area E 26° 23.015´, porphyry rocks 45 specimens mosses 756 m facing west SOA 6. rock formation N 42° 42.603´, Vertical quartz- Area of 4.8 m2 and Moehringia 062314 in Kamilata area E 26° 22.180´, porphyry rocks 35 specimens in grisebachii, 857 m facing south 2017 and 33 lichens and specimens in 2018 mosses SOA 7. along N 42° 42.704´, Vertical quartz- Area of 82 m2 and lichens and 062311 Haiduschka E 26° 22.261´, porphyry rocks 22 specimens in mosses pateka area east of 889 m facing north-west 2017 and 33 hotel complex specimens in 2018 Karandila SOA 8. along N 42° 42.654´, Vertical quartz- Area of 1.2 m2 and lichens and 062315 Haiduschka E 26° 22.160´, porphyry rocks 19 specimens mosses pateka area going 879 m facing west south from hotel complex Karandila Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol.
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