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Débats De La Chambre Des Communes CANADA Débats de la Chambre des communes re e VOLUME 141 Ï NUMÉRO 082 Ï 1 SESSION Ï 39 LÉGISLATURE COMPTE RENDU OFFICIEL (HANSARD) Le lundi 20 novembre 2006 Présidence de l'honorable Peter Milliken TABLE DES MATIÈRES (La table des matières quotidienne des délibérations se trouve à la fin du présent numéro.) Aussi disponible sur le site Web du Parlement du Canada à l’adresse suivante : http://www.parl.gc.ca 5041 CHAMBRE DES COMMUNES Le lundi 20 novembre 2006 La séance est ouverte à 11 heures. puissent le faire sans trop se soucier de l'endettement, ce qui est un autre problème. Personnellement, j'ai dû contracter des prêts étudiants lorsque Prière j'étudiais —, prêts que j'ai remboursés par la suite. Le taux d'endettement des étudiants aujourd'hui est assez important, et il était temps qu'on s'entende pour dire qu'au Canada, personne ne devrait être pénalisé pour poursuivre ses études secondaires. Également, il INITIATIVES PARLEMENTAIRES est toujours tentant pour les jeunes, très tôt dans leur vie, d'occuper un premier emploi plutôt mal rémunéré, qui va retarder la poursuite Ï (1105) de leurs études. [Français] Cela dit, même si nous avons certaines petites réserves quant à ce projet de loi, grosso modo nous en sommes satisfaits. En ce qui LA LOI FÉDÉRALE SUR L'AIDE FINANCIÈRE AUX concerne ces réserves, vous ne serez pas surpris d'apprendre que ÉTUDIANTS nous considérons que ce projet de loi empiète sur un champ de La Chambre reprend l'étude, interrompue le 2 octobre, de la compétence provinciale. Cependant, à l'article 14 du projet de loi motion portant que le projet de loi C-284, Loi modifiant la Loi dont nous sommes saisis, il est dit qu'une province peut se soustraire fédérale sur l'aide financière aux étudiants (subventions canadiennes du programme avec pleine compensation, et cela fait notre affaire. d'accès), soit maintenant lu une deuxième fois et renvoyé à un Grosso modo, en ce qui a trait aux frais de scolarité, le projet de comité. loi dit qu'on peut payer jusqu'à la moitié des frais, sans dépasser M. Claude Bachand (Saint-Jean, BQ): Monsieur le Président, 3 000 $. Cela concerne les étudiants ordinaires. Le projet de loi c'est avec plaisir que je prends la parole, ce matin, au sujet du projet permet également d'aller au-delà d'une année. En effet, en vertu des de loi d'initiative parlementaire dont nous sommes saisis. C'est un anciens règlements, on ne permettait d'accorder une aide que pour la projet de loi qui a une certaine portée sociale. En effet, il s'adresse première année. Maintenant, on a compris que si l'étudiant veut aux étudiants et s'assure qu'ils puissent avoir certains bénéfices poursuivre ses études postsecondaires jusqu'au bout, il serait peut- pécuniaires pour leur maintien aux études. C'est un projet de loi qui être important, si sa famille n'en a pas les moyens, de l'accompagner est dû depuis longtemps. Dans le fond, c'est une sorte de mise à jour jusqu'à la fin de ces études. Donc, on accorde jusqu'à 3 000 $ à ce d'une loi, car on reprend surtout les règlements de l'ancien projet de sujet. loi pour les incorporer dans une loi. C'est donc beaucoup plus solide. Il y a un autre élément important dans ce projet de loi: on vient en Je disais que ce projet de loi a une certaine portée sociale, car ce aide aux jeunes étudiants atteints d'un dysfonctionnement. Il peut n'est malheureusement pas tout le monde, dans notre société, qui s'agir de jeunes aveugles ou de personnes qui ont des difficultés de peut se permettre des études postsecondaires. À ce sujet, je vous déplacement. On vient à leur aide à cet égard, et c'est tout à fait donne l'exemple du dossier autochtone que j'ai eu le privilège de méritoire. Comme je viens de le dire, ce ne sera pas seulement lors défendre durant mes sept premières années, ici, au Parlement. J'allais de leur première année d'études, mais cela va dorénavant pouvoir quelquefois dans certaines réserves où l'on disait aux enfants qui s'appliquer à l'ensemble de leurs études postsecondaires. finissaient leurs études secondaires que c'était bien dommage, car le En ce qui concerne les réserves dont je parlais plus tôt, outre conseil de bande n'avait pas d'argent pour les envoyer poursuivre des l'ingérence dans un champ de compétence du Québec, il y a aussi le études postsecondaires. fait qu'on ne règle pas le problème fondamental, à notre point de vue: Cela me faisait toujours un petit peu mal au coeur que, dans un si le gouvernement fédéral passait aux actes quant au déséquilibre pays plein de moyens et ressources comme le Canada, l'on dise à fiscal, nous pensons que ce type de problème serait réglé dans son certains jeunes qu'ils ne pourront pas aller à l'école l'année suivante. ensemble, plutôt que pièce par pièce. Vous n'êtes pas sans savoir qu'il Pour moi, c'était inadmissible. y en a un déséquilibre fiscal. Les parlementaires de l'Assemblée La même chose se produit maintenant dans la nouvelle société. En nationale du Québec, y compris le gouvernement libéral, l'ont effet, nous savons que de nouvelles réalités se concrétisent de plus en reconnu eux aussi. Il est de l'ordre de 3,9 milliards de dollars. C'est plus, comme les familles monoparentales. Cela fait en sorte que, beaucoup d'argent. souvent, non seulement le parent qui est seul avec ses enfants a du D'ailleurs, les associations étudiantes demandent présentement mal à subvenir à leurs besoins, mais il est obligé de leur dire qu'il n'a qu'un milliard de dollars soit injecté dans l'éducation. Régler ce point pas assez d'argent pour les envoyer poursuivre des études fondamental du déséquilibre fiscal éviterait qu'on soit toujours obligé postsecondaires. Cela aussi est inadmissible. Il faut veiller à ce d'agir à la pièce: une petite ingérence dans la compétence du Québec que l'ensemble des jeunes qui veulent poursuivre leurs études par-ci, une autre par-là. 5042 DÉBATS DES COMMUNES 20 novembre 2006 Initiatives parlementaires Le premier ministre a dit qu'il ne voulait pas faire d'ingérence dans qu'elles s'appliquent non seulement à la première année, mais à les champs de compétence des provinces. Il veut aussi procéder par chaque année d'un programme d'études postsecondaires auquel un des transferts, que ce soit par le biais du règlement du déséquilibre étudiant est inscrit pour la première fois. fiscal, de points d'impôt ou autrement. Il faut régler cette question, ce qui ne se fait pas en ce moment. Bien que ce projet de loi ne règle pas tous les problèmes en Il faut dire aussi que le régime du Québec est exemplaire. Selon matière d'enseignement postsecondaire et comporte des imperfec- moi, nous l'avons démontré dans le cas des fameuses bourses du tions, je l'appuie. Il représente, selon moi, une approche plus millénaire. Le régime du Québec ne prend pas que le mérite en progressive et efficace pour rendre plus accessible l'enseignement compte, contrairement aux bourses du millénaire. postsecondaire du fait qu'il assure un financement direct aux Je ne connais pas la corrélation exacte, mais souvent, les étudiants étudiants nécessiteux au moment où les frais de scolarité sont qui ont une grande facilité à l'école ont eu une jeunesse aisée et des exigibles. parents qui avaient un peu plus de moyens. Cela leur a permis de développer leur apprentissage. Maintenant, ce sont eux qui méritent Dans ma collectivité, à Toronto, j'ai parlé à des jeunes qui ont les bourses du millénaire. complètement abandonné l'idée de faire des études postsecondaires. Le programme du Québec est davantage universel, et il est basé Pour eux, seuls les riches peuvent se le permettre. De plus en plus, sur les besoins. Ainsi, si une famille monoparentale est incapable de me semble-t-il, ces jeunes sont en train de perdre l'espoir de payer les frais de scolarité au niveau postsecondaire de son enfant, le s'améliorer et de contribuer à la société. Quelle terrible tragédie. Québec le reconnaît et veut aider cette clientèle. Comme je l'ai déjà dit, je suis reconnaissant au proposeur d'avoir Je parle également à de nombreux jeunes qui ont terminé des conclu que ce champ de compétence est provincial et qu'il peut y études postsecondaires mais qui, aujourd'hui, ploient sous le fardeau avoir un transfert avec compensation. Je pense que ce sera très de l'endettement. Certains d'entre eux doivent des dizaines de intéressant. milliers de dollars, ce qui peut représenter le montant d'une De plus, il faut tenir compte du fait qu'il y a de plus en plus de hypothèque dans certaines régions du pays. familles monoparentales. La pauvreté des familles monoparentales est assez grande. Si on peut sauver cette clientèle de jeunes désireux de poursuivre des études, ce sera tout à fait méritoire. Il est ridicule pour des jeunes qui cherchent à faire leur place au soleil sur le marché du travail de devoir assumer au départ une dette Plus tôt, je parlais de ceux et celles qui sont victimes d'un de cette ampleur, surtout s'ils vivent dans une ville comme Toronto, dysfonctionnement. Une description de cette clientèle existe. On où les prix du logement sont fort élevés.
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