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Reconciliation Between Police and Communities: Case Studies and Lessons Learned

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Reconciliation Between Police and Communities: Case Studies and Lessons Learned This project was supported by grant number 2013-CKWX-K006 awarded by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, US Department of Justice. The opinions contained herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the US Department of Justice. References to specific agencies, companies, products, or services should not be considered an endorsement by the author(s) or the US Department of Justice. Rather, the references are illustrations to supplement discussion of the issues. The Internet references cited in this publication were valid as of the date of publication. Given that URLs and websites are in constant flux, the author(s) cannot vouch for their current validity. Recommended citation: Kuhn, Sam, and Stephen Lurie. 2018. Reconciliation between Police and Communities: Case Studies and Lessons Learned. New York: John Jay College. Published 2018 Contents Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................... v Reconciliation between Police and Minority Communities: Why and How? ............................................. vii Part One. Guide to Components of Police-Community Reconciliation ........................................................ 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Acknowledgment of Harm ............................................................................................................................ 5 Statements and Discussions ......................................................................................................................... 7 Remarks by national law enforcement leaders ............................................................................... 7 Local acknowledgment .................................................................................................................... 8 Lessons ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Listening and Narrative Sharing .................................................................................................................. 13 Executive-level listening sessions .................................................................................................. 13 Expanding through the department .............................................................................................. 15 Share narrative at a general and public level ................................................................................ 16 Lessons ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Fact Finding ................................................................................................................................................. 19 Types of fact finding ....................................................................................................................... 19 Lessons ........................................................................................................................................... 21 Policy and Practice Changes ........................................................................................................................ 23 Examples of Changing Policy and Practice .................................................................................................. 25 Lessons ........................................................................................................................................... 25 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................... 27 Contents i Part Two. The Practice of Acknowledgment ............................................................................................... 29 Introduction. Acknowledgment and Apology about Injustice .................................................................... 31 Injustices of Past Eras .................................................................................................................................. 33 Example 1. Montgomery Freedom Riders ..................................................................................... 33 Example 2. Tulsa race riots ............................................................................................................ 38 Police Tactics and Practice .......................................................................................................................... 43 Example 3. High Point crime fighting ............................................................................................. 43 Addressing Contemporary Contexts ........................................................................................................... 47 Example 4. Pittsburgh and discussing race .................................................................................... 47 Acknowledging Harm as the First Step in a Defined Reconciliation Process .............................................. 49 Minneapolis, Minnesota ................................................................................................................ 50 Birmingham, Alabama.................................................................................................................... 51 Stockton, California ........................................................................................................................ 53 A national audience: Chief Terry Cunningham, President of the IACP .......................................... 53 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................... 57 ii Reconciliation between Police and Communities Part Three. Case Studies of Police-Community Reconciliation ................................................................... 59 Case Study One: West Las Vegas, Nevada .................................................................................................. 61 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 61 Context ........................................................................................................................................... 62 Origins of the Safe Village Initiative ............................................................................................... 66 SVI: Open and collaborative crime reduction ................................................................................ 67 Operational inclusion: SVI policy and practice changes ................................................................ 68 Initial outcomes ............................................................................................................................. 69 Building sustainable relationships: Further reconciliation in the SVI ............................................ 70 Crisis and new understanding: Moving beyond community policing ............................................ 70 A commitment to listening and reconciliation .............................................................................. 71 Changing enforcement and creating opportunities for rank-and-file exchange ........................... 73 Result of SVI’s reconciliation efforts: Expanding the SVI philosophy to the department ............. 75 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 78 Case Study Two: Rockford, Illinois .............................................................................................................. 81 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 81 Context: City and problems ........................................................................................................... 82 The new approach: DMI................................................................................................................. 84 Initiating reconciliation work ......................................................................................................... 85 Acknowledging harm and committing to improvement ............................................................... 85 Implementing DMI in Rockford: Proof of a new commitment ...................................................... 86 Impact and opening for new engagement .................................................................................... 87 New attitude, new initiatives ......................................................................................................... 88 Challenges and resistance to trust-building .................................................................................. 89 Connect Rockford: Collective impact with community input ........................................................ 91 Developing a collaborative policy and practice body .................................................................... 91 Conclusion .....................................................................................................................................
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