Union Calendar No. 550

113TH CONGRESS " ! REPORT 2d Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 113–719

REPORT ON LEGISLATIVE AND OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES

OF THE

HOUSE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

ONE HUNDRED THIRTEENTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

(Pursuant to House Rule XI, 1(d))

DECEMBER 30, 2014.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

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Union Calendar No. 550

113TH CONGRESS " ! REPORT 2d Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 113–719

REPORT ON LEGISLATIVE AND OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES

OF THE

HOUSE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

ONE HUNDRED THIRTEENTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

(Pursuant to House Rule XI, 1(d))

DECEMBER 30, 2014.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 91–986 WASHINGTON : 2014

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HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY, Washington, DC, December 30, 2014. Hon. KAREN L. HAAS, Clerk of the House of Representatives, The Capitol, Washington, DC. DEAR MS. HAAS: Pursuant to Rule X and clause 1(d)(1) of Rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives, attached, please find the report of the legislative and oversight activities of the Committee on Homeland Security during the 113th Congress. Sincerely, MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Chairman.

(III)

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113TH CONGRESS REPORT " ! 2st Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 113–719

LEGISLATIVE AND OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

113TH CONGRESS

DECEMBER 30, 2014.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

Mr. MCCAUL, from the Committee on Homeland Security, submitted the following

R E P O R T

OVERVIEW The Committee on Homeland Security met on January 23, 2013, for an organizational meeting for the 113th Congress under the direction of Chairman Michael T. McCaul of Texas. The Committee Membership, was set at 32 Members; with 18 Republicans and 14 Democrats. The Committee established six Subcommittees: The Sub- committee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence; the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security; the Subcommittee on Cybersecu- rity, Infrastructure Protection and Security Technologies; the Sub- committee on Oversight and Management Efficiency; the Sub- committee on Transportation Security; and the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications. CONTENTS

Page Jurisdiction and Legislative History ...... 3 Membership and Organization ...... 11 History of the Committee on Homeland Security ...... 15 Full Committee ...... 25 Legislative Activities ...... 26 Oversight Activities ...... 60 Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence ...... Legislative Activities ...... 79 Oversight Activities ...... 77 Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security ...... Legislative Activities ...... 97

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Oversight Activities ...... 106 Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Tech- nologies ...... Legislative Activities ...... 119 Oversight Activities ...... 126 Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency ...... Legislative Activities ...... 137 Oversight Activities ...... 139 Subcommittee on Transportation Security ...... Legislative Activities ...... 159 Oversight Activities ...... 171 Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications .. Legislative Activities ...... 189 Oversight Activities ...... 194 Committee Oversight Plan ...... Part A, Oversight Plan As Agreed to ...... 217 Part B, Implementation of the Oversight Plan ...... 233 Appendices Appendix I—Committee Rules ...... 261 Appendix II—Membership Changes to the Committee ...... 271 Appendix III—List of Public Laws ...... 285 Appendix IV—Committee Legislative Reports ...... 287 Appendix V—Status of Legislation Referred to the Committee ...... 291 Appendix VI—Executive Communications, Memorials, and Presidential Messages ...... 299 Appendix VII—Committee Staff ...... 303 Appendix VIII—Witnesses ...... 307 Appendix IX—Printed Hearings ...... 333 Appendix X—Committee Prints ...... 341 Appendix XI—Summary of Committee Activities ...... 343

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JURISDICTION AND LEGISLATIVE HISTORY

A provision for the establishment of a Committee on Homeland Security was included in H. Res. 5, the Rules of the House of Rep- resentatives for the 113th Congress, agreed to on January 3, 2013. The jurisdiction of the Committee is as follows: HOUSE RULE X ORGANIZATION OF COMMITTEES Committees and their legislative jurisdictions 1. There shall be in the House the following standing committees, each of which shall have the jurisdiction and related functions assigned by this clause and clauses 2, 3, and 4. All bills, resolutions, and other matters relating to subjects within the jurisdiction of the standing committees listed in this clause shall be referred to those committees, in accordance with clause 2 of rule XII, as follows: (I) Committee on Homeland Security (1) Overall homeland security policy. (2) Organization, administration, and general management of the Department of Homeland Security. (3) Functions of the Department of Homeland Security relating to the following: (A) Border and port security (except immigration policy and non–border enforcement). (B) Customs (except customs revenue). (C) Integration, analysis, and dissemination of homeland security information. (D) Domestic preparedness for and collective response to terrorism. (E) Research and development. (F) Transportation security. General oversight responsibilities 2. (a) The various standing committees shall have general oversight responsibilities as provided in paragraph (b) in order to assist the House in— (1) its analysis, appraisal, and evaluation of— (A) the application, administration, execution, and effectiveness of Federal laws; and (B) conditions and circumstances that may indicate the necessity or desirability of enacting new or additional legislation; and (2) its formulation, consideration, and enactment of changes in Federal laws, and of such additional legislation as may be necessary or appropriate. (b)(1) In order to determine whether laws and programs addressing subjects within the jurisdiction of a committee are being implemented and carried out in accordance with the intent of Congress and whether they should be continued, curtailed, or eliminated, each standing committee (other than the Committee on Appropriations) shall review and study on a continuing basis—

VerDate Sep 11 2014 20:05 Jan 05, 2015 Jkt 049006 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 4 (A) the application, administration, execution, and effectiveness of laws and programs addressing subjects within its jurisdiction; (B) the organization and operation of Federal agencies and entities having responsibilities for the administration and execution of laws and programs addressing subjects within its jurisdiction; (C) any conditions or circumstances that may indicate the necessity or desirability of enacting new or additional legislation addressing subjects within its jurisdiction (whether or not a bill or resolution has been introduced with respect thereto); and (D) future research and forecasting on subjects within its jurisdiction. (2) Each committee to which subparagraph (1) applies having more than 20 members shall establish an oversight subcommittee, or require its subcommittees to conduct oversight in their respective jurisdictions, to assist in carrying out its responsibilities under this clause. The establishment of an oversight subcommittee does not limit the responsibility of a subcommittee with legislative jurisdiction in carrying out its oversight responsibilities. (c) Each standing committee shall review and study on a continuing basis the impact or probable impact of tax policies affecting subjects within its jurisdiction as described in clauses 1 and 3. (d)(1) Not later than February 15 of the first session of a Con- gress, each standing committee shall, in a meeting that is open to the public and with a quorum present, adopt its oversight plan for that Congress. Such plan shall be submitted simultaneously to the Committee on Over- sight and Government Reform and to the Committee on House Administration. In developing its plan each committee shall, to the maximum extent feasible— (A) consult with other committees that have jurisdiction over the same or related laws, programs, or agencies within its jurisdiction with the objective of ensuring maximum coordination and cooperation among committees when conducting reviews of such laws, programs, or agencies and include in its plan an explanation of steps that have been or will be taken to ensure such coordination and cooperation; (B) review specific problems with Federal rules, regulations, statutes, and court decisions that are ambiguous, arbi- trary, or nonsensical, or that impose severe financial burdens on individuals; (C) give priority consideration to including in its plan the review of those laws, programs, or agencies operating under permanent budget authority or permanent statutory authority; (D) have a view toward ensuring that all significant laws, programs, or agencies within its jurisdiction are subject to review every 10 years; (E) have a view toward insuring against duplication of Fed- eral programs; and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 5 (F) include proposals to cut or eliminate programs, including mandatory spending programs, that are inefficient, duplicative, outdated, or more appropriately administered by State or local governments. (2) Not later than March 31 in the first session of a Congress, after consultation with the Speaker, the Majority Leader, and the Minority Leader, the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform shall report to the House the oversight plans submitted by committees together with any recommendations that it, or the House leadership group described above, may make to ensure the most effective coordination of oversight plans and otherwise to achieve the objectives of this clause. (e) The Speaker, with the approval of the House, may appoint special ad hoc oversight committees for the purpose of reviewing specific matters within the jurisdiction of two or more standing committees. Special oversight functions 3. (g)(1) The Committee on Homeland Security shall review and study on a continuing basis all Government activities relating to homeland security, including the interaction of all departments and agencies with the Department of Homeland Security. (2) In addition, the committee shall review and study on a primary and continuing basis all Government activities, programs and organizations related to homeland security that fall within its primary legislative jurisdiction.

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY TO ACCOMPANY CHANGES TO RULE X (Congressional Record, January 4, 2005, Page H25) Rule X and the Committee on Homeland Security Legislative History Overall homeland security policy—The jurisdiction of the Com- mittee on Homeland Security over ‘‘overall homeland security policy’’ is to be interpreted on a government–wide or multi–agency basis similar to the Committee on Government Reform’s jurisdiction over ‘‘overall economy, efficiency, and management of government operations and activities. . . .’’ Surgical addresses of homeland security policy in sundry areas of jurisdiction occupied by other committees would not be referred to the Committee on Homeland Security on the basis of ‘‘overall’’ homeland security policy jurisdiction. For example, the Committee on Homeland Security shall have jurisdiction over a bill coordinating the homeland security efforts by all of the critical infrastructure protection sectors. Jurisdiction over a bill addressing the protection of a particular sector would lie with the committee otherwise having jurisdiction over that sector. Organization and administration of the Department of Homeland Security—The jurisdiction of the Committee on Homeland Security would apply only to organizational or administrative aspects of the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 6 Department where another committee’s jurisdiction did not clearly apply. The Committee’s jurisdiction is to be confined to organizational and administrative efforts and would not apply to programmatic efforts within the Department of Homeland Security within the jurisdiction of other committees. Homeland Security Oversight—This would vest the Committee on Homeland Security with oversight jurisdiction over the homeland security community of the United States. Nothing in this clause shall be construed as prohibiting or otherwise restricting the authority of any other committee to study and review homeland security activities to the extent that such activity directly affects a matter otherwise within the jurisdiction of that committee. Individual Committee Concerns Agriculture—The jurisdiction of the Committee on Homeland Se- curity over ‘‘border and port security’’ shall be limited to agricultural importation and entry inspection activities of the Department of Homeland Security under section 421 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002. The Committee on Agriculture shall retain jurisdiction over animal and plant disease policy including the authority re- served to the Department of Agriculture to regulate policy under section 421 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, and the Animal Health Protection Act, the Plant Protection Act, the Plant Quar- antine Act, and the Agriculture Quarantine Inspection User Fee Account. The Committee on Agriculture shall retain jurisdiction over the agricultural research and diagnosis mission at the Plum Island Animal Disease Center. Armed Services—The Committee on Armed Services shall retain jurisdiction over warfighting, the military defense of the United States, and other military activities, including any military response to terrorism, pursuant to section 876 of the Homeland Secu- rity Act of 2002. Energy and Commerce—The Committee on Homeland Security shall have jurisdiction over measures that address the Department of Homeland Security’s activities for domestic preparedness and collective response to terrorism. The words ‘‘to terrorism’’ require a direct relation to terrorism. The Committee on Homeland Secu- rity’s jurisdiction over ‘‘collective response to terrorism’’ means that it shall receive referrals of bills addressing the Department of Homeland Security’s responsibilities for, and assistance to, first responders as a whole. The Committee on Energy and Commerce (and other relevant committees) shall retain their jurisdiction over bills addressing the separate entities that comprise the first responders. For example, the Committee on Energy and Commerce shall retain its jurisdiction over a bill directing the Department of Health and Human Services to train emergency medical personnel. Financial Services—The Committee on Financial Services shall retain jurisdiction over the National Flood Insurance Program and Emergency Food and Shelter Program of FEMA, and the Defense Production Act. The Committee on Financial Services shall retain its jurisdiction over the anti–money laundering, terrorist financing, and anti–counterfeiting activities within the Department of the Treasury and the financial regulators. Government Reform—The Committee on Homeland Security shall have jurisdiction over ‘‘the organization and administration of

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VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 8 mittee on Homeland Security. The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure shall retain its jurisdiction under clause 1(r)(2) over ‘‘federal management of emergencies and natural disasters.’’ This means that the committee retains its general jurisdiction over the emergency preparedness and response operations of the Fed- eral Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Bills addressing FEMA’s general preparation for disaster from any cause shall be referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. The Committee on Homeland Security shall have jurisdiction over the Department of Homeland Security’s responsibilities with regard to emergency preparedness only as they relate to acts of terrorism. Thus, the Committee on Homeland Security shall have jurisdiction over the responsibilities of the Office for Domestic Preparedness, in accordance with section 430 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002. As indicated earlier, the Committee on Homeland Security’s jurisdiction over ‘‘collective response to terrorism’’ means that it would receive referrals of bills addressing the Department of Homeland Security’s responsibilities for, and assistance to, first responders as a whole and not over measures addressing first responder communities individually. The Committee on Homeland Security shall have jurisdiction over the functions of the Department of Homeland Security relating to transportation security, while the Committee on Transpor- tation and Infrastructure shall retain its jurisdiction over transportation safety. In general, the Committee on Homeland Security would have jurisdiction over bills addressing the Transportation Security Administration and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure would have jurisdiction over bills addressing the various entities within the Department of Transportation having responsibility for transportation safety, such as the Federal Avia- tion Administration and the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Adminis- tration. The jurisdiction of the Committee on Homeland Security does not include expenditures from trust funds under the jurisdiction of other committees, including but not limited to the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Harbor Main- tenance Trust Fund, the Federal Buildings Fund, and the Inland Waterways Trust Fund. Ways and Means—The jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means over ‘‘customs revenue’’ is intended to include those functions contemplated in section 412(b)(2) of the Homeland Secu- rity Act of 2002 and includes those functions as carried out in collection districts and ports of entry and delivery.

MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY [Congressional Record,H15, January 4, 2007] On January 4, 2005, the U.S. House of Representatives adoptedH. Res. 5, establishing the Rules of the House for the 109th Congress. Section 2(a) established the Committee on Home- land Security as a standing committee of the House of Representa- tives with specific legislative jurisdiction under House Rule X. A

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 9 legislative history to accompany the changes to House Rule X was inserted in the Congressional Record on January 4, 2005. The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and theCommittee on Homeland Security (hereinafter ‘‘Committees’’) jointly agree to the January 4, 2005 legislative history as the au- thoritative source of legislative history of section 2(a) of H. Res. 5 with the following two clarifications. First, with regard to the Federal Emergency Management Agen- cy’s, FEMA, emergency preparedness and response programs, theCommittee on Homeland Security has jurisdiction over the De- partment of Homeland Security’s responsibilities with regard to emergency preparedness and collective response only as they relate to terrorism. However, in light of the federal emergency management reforms that were enacted as title VI of Public Law 109(295, a bill amending FEMA’s all–hazards emergency preparedness programs that necessarily addresses FEMA’s terrorism preparedness programs would be referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure; in addition, the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity would have a jurisdictional interest in such bill. Nothing in this Memorandum of Understanding affects the jurisdiction of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act and the Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974. Second, with regard to port security, the Committee on Home- land Security has jurisdiction over port security, and some Coast Guard responsibilities in that area fall within the jurisdiction of both Committees. A bill addressing the activities, programs, assets, and personnel of the Coast Guard as they relate to port security and non–port security missions would be referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure; in addition, the Committee on Homeland Security would have a jurisdictional interest in such bill. This Memorandum of Understanding between the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on Home- land Security provides further clarification to the January 4, 2005 legislative history of the jurisdiction of the Committees only with regard to these two specific issues. The Memorandum does not address any other issues and does not affect the jurisdiction of other committees. JAMES L. OBERSTAR Chairman–designate, Committee on Transportation & Infrastructure BENNIE G. THOMPSON Chairman–designate, Committee on Homeland Security

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(18–14) COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

LAMAR SMITH,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi PETER T. KING,New York LORETTA SANCHEZ,California MIKE ROGERS,Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania CEDRIC L. RICHMOND,Louisiana JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania RON BARBER,Arizona JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina FILEMON VELA,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana ERIC SWALWELL,California SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania MARK SANFORD,South Carolina CURTIS CLAWSON,Florida

Appointment of Mr. Michael T. McCaul as Chair, and Mr. Bennie G. Thompson of Mississippi as Ranking Minority Member on January 3, 2013, pursuant to H. Res. 6 and H. Res. 7, respectively. The Majority Members of the Committee were elected to the Committee on Janu- ary 4, 2013, pursuant to H. Res. 17; and the Minority Members on January 3, 2013, pursuant to H. Res. 7. Ms. Janice Hahn of California resigned as a Member of the Committee on Home- land Security on January 14, 2013. Mr. Filemon Vela of Texas, Mr. Steven A. Horsford of Nevada, and Mr. Eric Swalwell of California were elected to the Committee on January 14, 2013, pursuant to H. Res. 22. Mr. Keith J. Rothfus of Pennsylvania resigned as a Member of the Committee on Homeland Security on April 16, 2013. Mr. Mark Sanford of South Carolina was elected to the Committee on June 12, 2013, pursuant to H. Res. 257. Mr. Chris Stewart of Utah resigned as a member of the Committee on Homeland Security on December 11, 2013. Ms. Tulsi Gabbard of Hawaii and Mr. Steven A. Horsford of Nevada as members of the Committee on Homeland Security on December 11, 2013. Mr. Curtus Clawson of Florida was elected to the Committee on July 9, 2014, pursuant to H. Res. 660.

(11)

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Vice LORETTA SANCHEZ,California Chair WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi CURTIS CLAWSON,Florida (ex officio) MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania LORETTA SANCHEZ,California STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania VACANCY CURTIS CLAWSON,Florida BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah FILEMON VELA,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana VACANCY SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania, Vice Chair BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia RON BARBER,Arizona LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania DONALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina BETO O’ROURKE,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana, Vice Chair BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama, Vice Chair CEDRIC L. RICHMOND, LOUISIANA, CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan RANKING MEMBER SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana SHEILA JACKSON LEE, TEXAS MARK SANFORD,South Carolina ERIC SWALWELL, CALIFORNIA MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON, MISSISSIPPI (ex officio) (ex officio)

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND COMMUNICATIONS

SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

PETER T. KING,New York DONALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi, Vice YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MARK SANFORD,South Carolina (ex officio) MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6621 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6621 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS HISTORY OF THE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

SELECT COMMITTEES ON HOMELAND SECURITY 107th Congress In the 107th Congress, the House Select Committee on Home- land Security was established on June 19, 2002, pursuant to H. Res. 449 (adopted by voice vote). The Committee was composed of nine Members of the House: Mr. Richard ‘‘Dick’’ Armey of Texas, Chairman; Mr. Thomas DeLay of Texas; Mr. Julius Caesar ‘‘J.C.’’ Watts of Oklahoma; Ms. Deborah Pryce of Ohio; Mr. Robert Portman of Ohio; Ms. Nancy Pelosi of California; Mr. Jonas Mar- tin Frost of Texas; Mr. Robert Menendez of New Jersey; and Ms. Rosa L. DeLauro of Connecticut. The mandate of the Select Committee in the 107th Congress was to ‘‘develop recommendations and report to the House on such matters that relate to the establishment of a department of homeland security.’’ The Select Committee accomplished its mandate on No- vember 22, 2002, when the House concurred in the Senate amendment to H.R. 5005, a bill establishing the Department of Home- land Security, by unanimous consent, and cleared H.R. 5005 for the President. The bill was presented to the President on Novem- ber 22, 2002, and was signed on November 25, 2002, becoming Public Law 107–296. The termination date of the House Select Committee on Home- land Security was ‘‘after final disposition of a bill [ . . . ] including final disposition of any veto message on such bill,’’ which occurred on November 25, 2002.

Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 107–296 The Homeland Security Act of 2002...... H.R. 5005

108th Congress The second House Select Committee on Homeland Security was established in the 108th Congress on January 7, 2003, pursuant to provisions of H. Res. 5 (adopted by a recorded vote of 221 yeas and 203 nays). The Membership of the Select Committee was established on February 12, 2003, as: Mr. Christopher Cox of Cali- fornia, Chairman; Ms. Jennifer Dunn of Washington; Mr. William ‘‘Bill’’ Young of Florida; Mr. Donald ‘‘Don’’ Young of Alaska; Mr. F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr. of Wisconsin; Mr. Wilbert Joseph ‘‘Billy’’ Tauzin of Louisiana; Mr. David Dreier of California; Mr. Duncan Hunter of California; Mr. Harold Rogers of Kentucky; Mr. Sherwood Boehlert of New York; Mr. Lamar Smith of Texas; (15)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 16 Mr. Wayne Curtis ‘‘Curt’’ Weldon of Pennsylvania; Mr. Chris- topher Shays of Connecticut; Mr. Porter J. Goss of Florida; Mr. David Camp of Michigan; Mr. Lincoln Diaz–Balart of Florida; Mr. Robert W. Goodlatte of Virginia; Mr. Ernest James Istook, Jr. of Oklahoma; Mr. Peter T. King of New York; Mr. John E. Linder of Georgia; Mr. John B. Shadegg of Arizona; Mr. Mark E. Souder of Indiana; Mr. William McClellan ‘‘Mac’’ Thornberry of Texas; Mr. James A. Gibbons of Nevada; Ms. Kay Granger of Texas; Mr. Pete Sessions of Texas; Mr. John E. Sweeney of New York; Mr. Jim Turner of Texas; Mr. Bennie G. Thompson of Mis- sissippi; Ms. Loretta Sanchez of California; Mr. Edward J. Mar- key of Massachusetts; Mr. Norman D. Dicks of Washington; Mr. Barney Frank of Massachusetts; Ms. Jane Harman of California; Mr. Benjamin L. Cardin of Maryland; Ms. Louise M. Slaughter of New York; Mr. Peter A. DeFazio of Oregon; Mrs. Nita M. Lowey of New York; Mr. Robert E. Andrews of New Jersey; Ms. Eleanor Holmes Norton, a Delegate from the District of Columbia; Ms. Zoe Lofgren of California; Ms. Karen McCarthy of Missouri; Ms. Shiela Jackson Lee of Texas; Mr. William ‘‘Bill’’ Pascrell, Jr. of New Jer- sey; Mrs. Donna M. Christensen, a Delegate from the U.S. Virgin Islands; Mr. Bobby ‘‘Bob’’ Etheridge of North Carolina; Mr. Charles Gonzalez of Texas; Mr. Ken Lucas of Kentucky; Mr. James R. Langevin of Rhode Island; and Mr. Kendrick B. Meek of Florida. The Select Committee was authorized to develop recommendations and report to the House by bill or otherwise on such matters that relate to the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Public Law 107– 296) as may be referred to it by the Speaker, and was charged with reviewing and studying on a continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to homeland security. In addition, the Select Committee was directed to conduct a thorough and complete study of the operation and implementation of the Rules of the House, including Rule X, with respect to the issue of homeland security, and submit its recommendations regarding any changes in the Rules of the House to the Committee on Rules not later than September 30, 2004. On September 30, 2004, the Select Committee on Homeland Se- curity submitted its recommendations on jurisdictional changes to the Rules of the House of Representatives to the Committee on Rules. The Committee had six measures signed into law during the 108th Congress:

Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 108–136 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004. .. H.R. 1588★ 1 Pub. L. 108–268 To provide for the transfer of the Nebraska Avenue Naval H.R. 4332★ Complex in the District of Columbia to facilitate the establishment of the headquarters for the Department of Homeland Security, to provide for the acquisition by the Department of the Navy of suitable replacement facilities.. Pub. L. 108–276 Project BioShield Act of 2004...... S. 15 (H.R. 2122) Pub. L. 108–293 Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Act of 2004...... H.R. 2443★

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Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 108–330 Department of Homeland Security Financial Account- H.R. 4259 ability Act.. Pub. L. 108–458 Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004. S. 2845 (H.R. 5223) 1 ★ Indicates measures which were not referred directly to the Committee on Homeland Security. Pursuant to H. Res. 5, the Select Committee terminated on Jan- uary 2, 2005, with the expiration of the 108th Congress.

COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY 109th Congress The 109th Congress marked the first Congress for the standing Committee on Homeland Security. During the two previous Con- gresses, the House of Representatives established separate Select Committees on Homeland Security: the first—to establish the De- partment of Homeland Security, the second—to monitor the initial activities of the Department and to examine the need for a standing committee in the House with jurisdictional authority over matters relating to the issue of homeland security. The Committee on Homeland Security was established as a standing Committee of the House with the passage of H. Res. 5, on January 4, 2005. The resolution was adopted by a recorded vote of 220 yeas and 195 nays. The Committee Membership was set at 34 Members with 19 Re- publicans and 15 Democrats. The following Members were appointed to the Committee on Homeland Security for all or part of the Congress: Mr. Christopher Cox of California; Mr. Peter T. King of New York; Mr. Don Young of Alaska; Mr. Lamar S. Smith of Texas; Mr. Curt Weldon of Pennsylvania; Mr. Christopher Shays of Connecticut; Mr. John Linder of Georgia; Mr. Mark E. Souder of Indiana; Mr. Tom Davis of Virginia; Mr. Daniel E. Lun- gren of California; Mr. Jim Gibbons of Nevada; Mr. Rob Simmons of Connecticut; Mr. Mike Rogers of Alabama; Mr. Stevan Pearce of New Mexico; Ms. Katherine Harris of Florida; Mr. Bobby Jindal of Louisiana; Mr. David G. Reichert of Washington; Mr. Michael T. McCaul of Texas; Mr. Charles W. Dent of Pennsylvania; Ms. Ginny Brown–Waite of Florida; Mr. Bennie G. Thompson of Mississippi; Ms. Loretta Sanchez of California; Mr. Edward J. Markey of Massachusetts; Mr. Norman D. Dicks of Washington; Ms. Jane Harman of California; Mr. Peter A. DeFazio of Oregon; Ms. Nita M. Lowey of New York; Ms. Eleanor Holmes Norton of District of Columbia; Ms. Zoe Lofgren of California; Ms. Sheila Jackson Lee of Texas; Mr. Bill Pascrell of Jr., New Jersey; Ms. Donna M. Christensen of U.S. Virgin Islands; Mr. Bob Etheridge of North Carolina; Mr. James R. Langevin of Rhode Is- land; and Mr. Kendrick B. Meek of Florida. On February 9, 2005, the Committee on Homeland Security adopted its Rules, which provided for the establishment of five Sub- committees. The Subcommittee on Prevention of Nuclear and Bio- logical Attack; the Subcommittee on Intelligence, Information Shar- ing, and Terrorism Risk Assessment; the Subcommittee on Eco- nomic Security, Infrastructure Protection, and Cybersecurity; the Subcommittee on Management, Integration, and Oversight; and the

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Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 109–13 .. Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, H.R. 1268★ 2 the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, 2005.. (H.R. 418) Pub. L. 109–59 .. Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Eq- H.R. 3★ uity Act: A Legacy for Users.. Pub. L. 109–163 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006. .. H.R. 1815★ Pub. L. 109–239 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006. .. H.R. 4310★ Pub. L. 109–241 Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Act of 2006...... H.R. 889★ Pub. L. 109–271 Clothe a Homeless Hero Act...... H.R. 6328 Pub. L. 109–295 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, H.R. 5441★ 2007.. (Title VI – Post Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act) ...... Pub. L. 109–347 ‘‘Security and Accountability For Every Port Act of 2006’’ H.R. 4954 or the ‘‘SAFE Port Act’’.. Pub. L. 109–364 John Warner National Defense Authorization Act for Fis- H.R. 5122★ cal Year 2007.. Pub. L. 109–367 Secure Fence Act of 2006...... H.R. 6061 2 ★ Indicates measures which were not referred directly to the Committee on Homeland Security.

110th Congress The Committee on Homeland Security continued as a standing Committee pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 5, agreed to in the House on January 4, 2007, by a record vote of 235 yeas and 195 nays. The Committee on Homeland Security met on January 23, 2007, for an organizational meeting for the 110th Congress under the direction of Chairman Bennie G. Thompson of Mississippi. The Com- mittee Membership was set at 34 Members with 19 Democrats and 15 Republicans. The following Members were appointed to the Committee on Homeland Security for all or part of the Congress: Mr. Bennie G. Thompson of Mississippi; Ms. Loretta Sanchez of California; Mr. Edward J. Markey of Massachusetts; Mr. Norman D. Dicks of Washington; Ms. Jane Harman of California; Mr. Peter A. DeFazio of Oregon; Mrs. Nita M. Lowey of New York; Ms. Eleanor Holmes Norton a Delegate from the District of Colum- bia; Ms. Zoe Lofgren of California; Ms. Sheila Jackson–Lee of Texas; Mrs. Donna M. Christensen a Delegate from the U.S. Virgin Islands; Mr. Bob Etheridge of North Carolina; Mr. James R. Lan- gevin of Rhode Island; Mr. Henry Cuellar of Texas; Mr. Christopher P. Carney of Pennsylvania; Ms. Yvette D. Clarke of New York; Mr. Al Green of Texas; Mr. Ed Perlmutter of Colo- rado; Mr. Bill Pascrell, Jr. of New Jersey; Mr. Peter T. King of New York; Mr. Lamar Smith of Texas; Mr. Christopher Shays of Connecticut; Mr. Mark E. Souder of Indiana; Mr. Tom Davis of Virginia; Mr. Daniel E. Lungren of California; Mr. Mike Rogers of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 19 Alabama; Mr. David G. Reichert of Washington; Mr. Michael T. McCaul of Texas; Mr. Charles W. Dent of Pennsylvania; Ms. Ginny Brown–Waite of Florida; Mr. Gus M. Bilirakis of Flor- ida; Mr. David Davis of Tennessee; Mr. Paul C. Broun of Georgia; Mrs. Candice S. Miller of Michigan; Ms. Marsha Blackburn of Tennessee; Mr. Kevin McCarthy of California; and Mr. Bobby Jindal of Louisiana. The Committee established six Subcommittees: the Sub- committee on Border, Maritime, and Global Counterterrorism; the Subcommittee on Intelligence, Information Sharing, and Terrorism Risk Assessment; the Subcommittee on Transportation Security and Infrastructure Protection; the Subcommittee on Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology; the Sub- committee on Emergency Communications, Preparedness, and Re- sponse; and the Subcommittee on Management, Investigations, and Oversight. The Committee had four measures signed into law during the 110th Congress:

Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 110–53 .. Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission H.R. 1 Act of 2007.. Pub. L. 110–181 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008. .. H.R. 4986★ 3 (H.R. 1585)★ Pub. L. 110–388 A bill to provide for the appointment of the Chief Human S. 2816 Capital Officer of the Department of Homeland Security by the Secretary of Homeland Security.. Pub. L. 110–412 Personnel Reimbursement for Intelligence Cooperation H.R. 6098 and Enhancement of Homeland Security Act of 2008.. 3 ★ Indicates measures which were not referred directly to the Committee on Homeland Security.

111th Congress

The Committee on Homeland Security continued as a standing Committee pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 5, agreed to in the House on January 6, 2009, by a record vote of 235 yeas and 195 nays. The Committee on Homeland Security met on February 4, 2009, for an organizational meeting for the 111th Congress under the direction of Chairman Bennie G. Thompson of Mississippi. The Com- mittee Membership, was set at 34 Members with 21 Democrats and 13 Republicans. The following Members were appointed to the Committee on Homeland Security for all or part of the Congress: Mr. Bennie G. Thompson of Mississippi; Ms. Loretta Sanchez, of California; Ms. Jane Harman of California; Mr. Peter A. DeFazio of Oregon; Ms. Eleanor Holmes Norton a Delegate from the Dis- trict of Columbia; Ms. Zoe Lofgren of California; Ms. Sheila Jack- son–Lee of Texas; Mr. Henry Cuellar of Texas; Mr. Christopher P. Carney of Pennsylvania; Ms. Yvette D. Clarke of New York; Ms. Laura Richardson of California; Mrs. Ann Kirkpatrick of Ari- zona; Mr. Ben Ray Luja´n of New Mexico; Mr. Bill Pascrell, Jr. of New Jersey; Mr. Emmanuel Cleaver of Missouri; Mr. Al Green of Texas; Mr. James A. Himes of Connecticut; Ms. Mary Jo Kilroy of Ohio; Mr. Eric J.J. Massa of New York; Ms. Dina Titus of Nevada;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 20 Mr. William L. Owens of New York; Mr. Peter T. King of New York; Mr. Lamar Smith of Texas; Mr. Mark E. Souder of Indiana; Mr. Daniel E. Lungren of California; Mr. Mike Rogers of Alabama; Mr. Michael T. McCaul of Texas; Mr. Charles W. Dent of Pennsyl- vania; Mr. Gus M. Bilirakis of Florida; Mr. Paul C. Broun of Geor- gia; Mrs. Candice S. Miller of Michigan; Mr. Pete Olson of Texas; Mr. Anh ‘‘Joseph’’ Cao of Louisiana; Mr. Steve Austria of Ohio; and Mr. Tom Graves of Georgia. The Committee established six Subcommittees: the Sub- committee on Border, Maritime, and Global Counterterrorism; the Subcommittee on Intelligence, Information Sharing, and Terrorism Risk Assessment; the Subcommittee on Transportation Security and Infrastructure Protection; the Subcommittee on Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology; the Sub- committee on Emergency Communications, Preparedness, and Re- sponse; and the Subcommittee on Management, Investigations, and Oversight. The Committee had 14 measures signed into law during the 111th Congress:

111th Congress

Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 111—84 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010. .. H.R. 2647★ 4 Pub. L. 111—140 Nuclear Forensics and Attribution Act...... H.R. 730 Pub. L. 111—145 United States Capitol Police Administrative Technical H.R. 1299† 5 Correction Act of 2009.. (H.R. 2935) Pub. L. 111—198 Homebuyer Assistance and Improvement Act...... H.R. 5623 Pub. L. 111—207 Cruise Vessel Security and Safety Act of 2009...... H.R. 3360★ Pub. L. 111—245 First Responder Anti–Terrorism Training Resources Act. ... H.R. 3978 Pub. L. 111—252 To allow certain U.S. Customs and Border Protection employees who serve under H.R. 1517 an overseas limited appointment for at least 2 years, and whose service is rated fully successful or higher throughout that time, to be converted to a permanent appointment in the competitive service.. Pub. L. 111—258 Reducing Over–Classification Act...... H.R. 553 Pub. L. 111—259 Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2011...... H.R. 2701★ Pub. L. 111—271 Redundancy Elimination and Enhanced Performance for H.R. 3980 Preparedness Grants Act.. Pub. L. 111—281 Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2010...... H.R. 3619 Pub. L. 111—356 Northern Border Counternarcotics Strategy Act of 2010...... H.R. 4748 Pub. L. 111—376 Anti–Border Corruption Act of 2010...... S. 3243 Pub. L. 111—l Ike Skelton National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal H.R. 6523† Year 2011..

4 ★ Indicates measures which were not referred directly to the Committee on Homeland Security. 5 † Indicates measures which were not referred to the Committee, but to which measures were included during Congressional action. 112th Congress The Committee on Homeland Security continued as a standing Committee pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 5, agreed to in the House on January 5, 2011, by a record vote of 238 yeas and 191 nays.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 21 The Committee on Homeland Security met on January 26, 2011, for an organizational meeting for the 112th Congress under the direction of Chairman Peter T. King of New York. The Committee Membership, was set at 33 Members with 19 Republicans and 14 Democrats. The following Members were appointed to the Com- mittee on Homeland Security for all or part of the Congress: Mr. Peter T. King of New York; Mr. Lamar Smith of Texas; Mr. Daniel E. Lungren of California; Mr. Mike Rogers of Alabama; Mr. Michael T. McCaul of Texas; Mr. Gus M. Bilirakis of Florida; Mr. Paul C. Broun of Georgia; Mrs. Candice S. Miller of Michigan; Mr. Tim Walberg of Michigan; Mr. Chip Cravaack of Minnesota; Mr. Joe Walsh of Illinois; Mr. Patrick Meehan of Pennsylvania; Mr. Benjamin Quayle of Arizona; Mr. Scott Rigell of Virginia; Mr. Billy Long of Missouri; Mr. Jeff Duncan of South Carolina; Mr. Tom Marino of Pennsylvania; Mr. Blake Farenthold of Texas; Mr. Mo Brooks of Alabama; and Mr. Robert L. Turner of New York.Mr. Bennie G. Thompson of Mississippi; Ms. Loretta San- chez, of California; Ms. Jane Harman of California; Ms. Sheila Jackson Lee of Texas; Mr. Henry Cuellar of Texas; Ms. Yvette D. Clarke of New York; Ms. Laura Richardson of California; Mrs. Donna M. Christensen a Delegate from the U.S. Virgin Is- lands; Mr. Danny K. Davis of Illinois; Mr. Brian Higgins of New York; Ms. Jackie Speier of California; Mr. Cedric L. Richmond of Louisiana; Mr. Hansen Clarke of Michigan; Mr. William R. Keating of Massachusetts; Ms. Kathleen C. Hochul of New York; Ms. Janice Hahn of California; and Mr. Ron Barber of Arizona. The Committee established six Subcommittees: The Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Secu- rity Technologies; the Subcommittee on Transportation Security; the Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Management; the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications; the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Secu- rity; and the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence. The Committee had 10 measures signed into law during the 112th Congress:

112th Congress

Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 112—54 Asia–Pacific Economic Cooperation Business Travel S. 1487★ Cards Act of 2011.. (H.R. 2042) Pub. L. 112—81 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012. .. H.R. 1540† Pub. L. 112—86 Risk–Based Security Screening for Members of the Armed H.R. 1801 Forces Act. Pub. L. 112—127 Border Tunnel Prevention Act of 2012 ...... H.R. 4119 Pub. L. 112—171 To require the Transportation Security Administration to comply with the Uniformed H.R. 3670 Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act.. Pub. L. 112—199 Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act of 2012...... S. 743★ (H.R. 3289) Pub. L. 112—205 Jaime Zapata Border Enforcement Security Task Force H.R. 915 Act.. Pub. L. 112—213 Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Act of 2012 . .... H.R. 2838

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Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 112—217 DHS Audit Requirement Target Act of 2012...... S. 1998 (H.R. 5941) Pub. L. 112—218 No–Hassle Flying Act of 2012...... S. 3542 (H.R. 6028)

6 ★ Indicates measures which were not referred directly to the Committee on Homeland Security. 7 † Indicates measures which were not referred to the Committee, but to which Members were appointed as Conferees.

113th Congress

The Committee on Homeland Security continued as a standing Committee pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 5, agreed to in the House on January 3, 2013, by a record vote of 228 yeas and 196 nays. The Committee on Homeland Security met on January 23, 2013, for an organizational meeting for the 113th Congress under the direction of Chairman Michael T. McCaul of Texas. The Committee Membership, was set at 32 Members with 18 Republicans and 14 Democrats. The following Members were appointed to the Com- mittee on Homeland Security for all or part of the Congress: Mr. Michael T. McCaul of Texas; Mr. Lamar Smith of Texas; Mr. Peter T. King of New York; Mr. Mike Rogers of Alabama; Mr. Paul C. Broun of Georgia; Mrs. Candice S. Miller of Michigan; Mr. Patrick Meehan of Pennsylvania; Mr. Jeff Duncan of South Carolina; Mr. Tom Marino of Pennsylvania; Mr. Jason Chaffetz of Utah; Mr. Steven M. Palazzo of Mississippi; Mr. Lou Barletta of Pennsylvania; Mr. Chris Stewart of Utah; Mr. Keith J. Rothfus of Pennsylvania; Mr. Richard Hudson of North Carolina; Mr. Steve Daines of Montana; Mrs. Susan W. Brooks of Indiana; Mr. Scott Perry of Pennsylvania; Mr. Mark Sanford of South Carolina; Mr. Curtis Clawson of Florida; Mr. Bennie G. Thompson of Mis- sissippi; Ms. Loretta Sanchez of California; Ms. Sheila Jackson Lee of Texas; Ms. Yvette D. Clarke of New York; Mr. Brian Hig- gins of New York; Mr. Cedric L. Richmond of Louisiana; Mr. William R. Keating of Massachusetts; Mr. Ron Barber of Ari- zona; Mr. Donald M. Payne, Jr. of New Jersey; Mr. Beto O’Rourke of Texas; Ms. Tulsi Gabbard of Hawaii; Mr. Filemon Vela of Texas; Mr. Steven A. Horsford of Nevada; and Mr. Eric Swalwell of California. The Committee established six Subcommittees: the Sub- committee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence; the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security; the Subcommittee no Cybersecu- rity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies; the Sub- committee on Oversight and Management Efficiency; the Sub- committee on Transportation Security; and the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications. The Committee had 11 measures signed into law during the 113th Congress:

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Law Title Bill

Pub. L. 113—27 Helping Heroes Fly Act...... H.R. 1344 (S. 1367) (S. 1403) Pub. L. 113—221 Honor Flight Act...... H.R. 4812 (S. 2659) (S. 2671) Pub. L. 113—238 Aviation Security Stakeholder Participation Act of 2014. ... H.R. 1204 (S. 1804) Pub. L. 113—245 Transportation Security Acquisition Reform Act...... H.R. 2719 (S. 1893) Pub. L. 113—246 Cybersecurity Workforce Assessment Act...... H.R.2952 Pub. L. 113—254 Protecting and Securing Chemical Facilities from Ter- H.R. 4007 rorist Attacks Act of 2014.. Pub. L. 113—277 Patrol Agent Pay Reform Act of 2014...... S. 1691 Pub. L. 113—282 National Cybersecurity Protection Act of 2014...... S. 2519 (H.R. 3696) Pub. L. 113—283 Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014 . S. 2521 (H.R. 1163) Pub. L. 113—284 DHS OIG Mandates Revision Act of 2014 ...... S. 2651 Pub. L. 113—294 To amend title 49, United States Code, to provide for limitations on the fees H.R. 5462 charged to passengers of air carriers..

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MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

LAMAR SMITH,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi PETER T. KING,New York LORETTA SANCHEZ,California MIKE ROGERS,Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York CANDICE S. –MILLER,Michigan, BRIAN HIGGINS,New York Vice Chair CEDRIC L. RICHMOND,Louisiana PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina RON BARBER,Arizona TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah BETO O’ROURKE,Texas STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi FILEMON VELA,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania ERIC SWALWELL,California CHRIS STEWART,Utah VACANCY RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina VACANCY STEVE DAINES,Montana SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania MARK SANFORD,South Carolina CURTIS CLAWSON,Florida

During the 113th Congress, the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity held 23 hearings, receiving testimony from 88 witnesses, and considered 19 measures.

ORGANIZATIONAL MEETING OF THE COMMITTEE The Committee on Homeland Security met on January 23, 2013, for an organizational meeting for the 113th Congress under the direction of Chairman Michael T. McCaul of Texas. The Full Committee met, pursuant to notice, and adopted the Committee Rules for the 113th Congress by unanimous consent. The Committee also approved the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity’s Oversight Plan for the 113th Congress and Committee Reso- lution No. 1, relating to staff hiring, both adopted by unanimous consent.

(25)

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LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE

HELPING HEROES FLY ACT

PUB. LAW 113–27, H.R. 1344 (S. 1367, S. 1403) To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the Assistant Secretary of Home- land Security (Transportation Security Administration) to provide expedited air passenger screening to severely injured or disabled members of the Armed Forces and severely injured or disabled veterans, and for other purposes. Summary This law directs the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to develop and implement a process to ease travel and, to the extent possible, provide expedited passenger screening services for severely injured or disabled Armed Forces members and veterans, and their accompanying family members or non–medical attendants. The TSA is required to maintain an operations center to provide for the movement of such members and veterans through screening before boarding a domestic or foreign passenger aircraft. Additionally, the law requires TSA to establish and publish certain protocols to contact the operations center to request expedited screening services for the service member or veteran. Furthermore, the TSA is directed to annually report to Congress on the implementation of the program. The TSA retains its flexibility to require additional screening of any individual if intelligence or law enforcement information indicates that additional screening is necessary. As of March 2013, TSA began implementing the policies codified in this law at security screening checkpoints. This law seeks to facilitate the screening of our Nation’s wounded warriors’ through airports and free up TSA screeners to focus on real threats to our aviation systems. The Committee has long advocated for less oner- ous airport screening for our men and women in uniform. In fact, this bill builds upon past legislation promoted by the Committee, including the Risk–Based Security Screening for Members of the Armed Forces Act (Pub. L. 112–86), which requires TSA to provide expedited screening to active duty military traveling on official orders. Legislative History H.R. 1344 was introduced in the House on March 21, 2013, by Ms. Gabbard, Mr. Joyce, and Mr. Richmond, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1344 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Se- curity. The House considered H.R. 1344 on May 21, 2013, under Sus- pension of the Rules and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 413 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 166). H.R. 1344 was received in the Senate on May 22, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. On August 1, 2013, the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 1344 by unanimous consent. The Senate then passed H.R. 1344, with an amendment, by unanimous consent.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 27 The House concurred in the Senate amendment to H.R. 1344, on August 2, 2013, by unanimous consent. H.R. 1344 was presented to the President on August 6, 2013, and signed into law on August 9, 2013, as Public Law 113–27. S. 1367 S. 1367, a Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on July 25, 2013, by Mr. Pryor and Ms. Ayotte; and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans- portation. S. 1403 S. 1403, a second Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on July 31, 2013, by Mr. Pryor and Ms. Ayotte; and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans- portation. The text of S. 1403 was adopted by the Senate during consideration of H.R. 1344 on August 1, 2013.

HONOR FLIGHT ACT

PUB. LAW 113––221, H.R. 4812 (S. 2659 / S.2671) To amend title 49, United States Code, to require the Administrator of the Trans- portation Security Administration to establish a process for providing expedited and dignified passenger screening services for veterans traveling to visit war memorials built and dedicated to honor their service, and for other purposes. Summary The Honor Flight Network is a non–profit organization that works to transport veterans on charter flights operated by commercial airlines to Washington, DC, to visit memorials built and dedicated in honor of their service. Currently, the Honor Flight Net- work prioritizes transporting WWII veterans, as well as veterans from any war who have a terminal illness, but the organization intends to expand the program to transport veterans who served during the Korean and Vietnam Wars, eventually extending to veterans of more current wars. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) supports the Honor Flight Network by expediting the screening process for veterans visiting their memorials in the District of Columbia, saving the veterans time and showing them their due respect and appre- ciation. H.R. 4812 statutorily authorizes the collaboration between TSA and the Honor Flight Network, as well as with other non– profit organizations that transport veterans to visit memorials, so that the agency’s practice of ensuring expedited and dignified screening for veterans continues. Legislative History H.R. 4812 was introduced in the House on June 9, 2014, by Mr. Richmond, Mr. Hudson, and Mr. Palazzo, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4812 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Se- curity. The Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Secu- rity from further consideration of H.R. 4812 on June 11, 2014. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4812 on June 11, 2014, and or-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 28 dered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, without amendment, by voice vote. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 4812 to the House on July 3, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–516. The House considered H.R. 4812 under Suspension of the Rules and passed the measure, as amended, by voice vote. H.R. 4812 was received in the Senate on July 23, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 4812 on December 4, 2014, and passed by unanimous consent. Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 4812 was presented to the President on December 9, 2014. The President signed H.R. 4812 into law on December 16, 2014, as Public Law 113–221. S. 2659 S. 2659, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on July 24, 2014, by Mr. Murphy of Connecticut, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans- portation. S. 2671 S. 2671, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on July 28, 2014, by Mr. Toomey, and referred to the Sen- ate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

AVIATION SECURITY STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION ACT OF 2014

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 29 ASAC. This legislation not only codifies current Department and TSA policy but also ensures that the ASAC remains intact. It is imperative that the TSA interact with industry stakeholders for input on security procedures and technology to ensure that the Administration is implementing policies that are effective, workable, and will enhance aviation security for the traveling public. Legislative History 112th Congress H.R. 1447 was introduced in the House on April 8, 2011, by Mr. Thompson of Mississippi and Ms. Jackson Lee of Texas, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Com- mittee, H.R. 1447 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transpor- tation Security. On September 21, 2011, the Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Security from further consideration of H.R. 1447. The Committee proceeded to the consideration of H.R. 1447 and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, without amendment, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1447 to the House on November 4, 2011, as H. Rpt. 112–269. The House considered H.R. 1447 under Suspension of the Rules, on June 26, 2012, and passed the bill on June 28, 2012 by voice vote. H.R. 1447 was received in the Senate on June 29, 2012, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. 113th Congress H.R. 1204 was introduced in the House on March 14, 2013, by Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, Mr. Richmond, Ms. Jackson Lee, and Mr. Swalwell of California and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1204 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Security. The Subcommittee considered H.R. 1204 on July 24, 2013, and forwarded H.R. 1204 to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 1204 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1204 to the House on December 2, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–278. The House considered H.R. 1204 under Suspension of the Rules, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 record vote of 411 yeas and 3 nays, (Roll No. 617). H.R. 1204 was received in the Senate on December 9, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 1204; the Senate then proceeded to the consideration of H.R. 1204 and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The House concurred to the Senate amendment to H.R. 1204 on December 10, 2014, under Suspension of the Rules, by a 2⁄3 re-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 30 corded vote of 416 yeas and 5 nays (Roll No. 560). Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 1204 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed H.R. 1204 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–238.

TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ACQUISITION REFORM ACT

PUB. LAW 113–245, H.R. 2719 (S. 1893) To require the Transportation Security Administration to implement best practices and improve transparency with regard to technology acquisition programs, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 2719 was developed with valuable input from stakeholders across the Federal Government and industry. The bill introduces greater transparency and accountability for the Transportation Se- curity Administration (TSA) spending decisions through a series of commonsense reforms. Specifically, it requires TSA to develop and share with the public, for the first time: A strategic, multiyear technology investment plan; share key information with Congress on technology acquisitions, including cost overruns, delays, or technical failures within 30 days of identifying the problem; establish principles for managing equipment in inventory to eliminate expensive storage of unusable or outdated technologies; and report on its goals for contracting with small businesses. H.R. 2719 requires TSA to do a better job of not only managing its own resources, but also leveraging resources outside of the De- partment of Homeland Security. Legislative History H.R. 2719 was introduced in the House on July 18, 2013, by Mr. Hudson, Mr. McCaul, Mr. Richmond, and Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 2719 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security. The Subcommittee considered H.R. 2719 on July 24, 2013, and forwarded H.R. 2719 to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 2719 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 2719 to the House on November 21, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–275. The House considered H.R. 2719 under Suspension of the Rules, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 record vote of 416 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 616). H.R. 2719 was received in the Senate on December 9, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 2719; the Senate then proceeded to the consideration of H.R. 2719 and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 31 The House concurred to the Senate amendment to H.R. 2719 on December 10, 2014, under Suspension of the Rules, by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 425 yeas and 0 nays (Roll No. 559). Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 2719 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed H.R. 2719 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–245. S. 1893 S. 1893, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on December 20, 2013, and referred to the Senate Com- mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation considered S. 1893 on July 23, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the Senate with an Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute, favorably. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation, reported S. 1893 on November 17, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113– 274.

CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE ASSESSMENT ACT

PUB. LAW 113–246, H.R. 2952 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to make certain improvements in the laws relating to the advancement of security technologies for critical infrastructure protection, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 2952 directs the Department of Homeland Security to facilitate the development of a research and development (R&D) strategy for critical infrastructure security technologies. This strategy will help our nation prioritize its investments in those aspects of the infrastructure that are most at risk. H.R. 2952 also directs the Secretary to explore the feasibility of expanding the use of public– private R&D consortiums to accelerate new security technologies and spur innovation and economic competitiveness. In addition, CIRDA will designate a ‘Technology Clearinghouse’ where proven security tools for protecting infrastructure can be rapidly shared amongst government and private partners. Legislative History H.R. 2952 was introduced in the House on August 1, 2013, by Mr. Meehan, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity. Within the Committee, H.R. 2952 was referred to the Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Secu- rity Technologies. On September 18, 2013, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 2952 and reported the measure to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 2952 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on January 8, 2014, agreeing to not seek a sequential referral of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 32 H.R. 2952. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology acknowledging the jurisdictional interest of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 2952. The Committee reported H.R. 2952 to the House on January 9, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–324. The House considered H.R. 2952 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 2952 was received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 2952 on December 10, 2014. The Senate then proceeded to the consideration of H.R. 2952 and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The House concurred in the Senate amendment to H.R. 2952 on December 11, 2014, under Suspension of the Rules and passed the measure, by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 2952 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed H.R. 2952 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–246.

CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI–TERRORISM STANDARDS PROGRAM AUTHORIZATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2014

PUB. LAW 119–254, H.R. 4007 To recodify and reauthorize the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Pro- gram. Summary H.R. 4007 authorizes the Department of Homeland Security’s Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards program (CFATS) for three years at present funding levels in order to provide the sta- bility and certainty both the Department and industry argue is necessary to ensure the program’s success, while at the same time, using the authorization as a vehicle to mandate certain funda- mental programmatic improvements. CFATS was enacted under an Appropriations rider, Pub. L. 109–295, the Department of Home- land Security Appropriations Act of 2007, Sec. 550, and has tech- nically never been authorized. Thus, chemical facility security hangs in the balance with each new appropriations cycle. H.R. 4007 incorporates CFATS into the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101 et seq.), under Title XXI, and gives the program official status under law. Legislative History H.R. 4007 was introduced in the House on February 6, 2014, by Mr. Meehan, Mr. McCaul, Mr. King of New York, Mr. Gene Greene of Texas, Mrs. Miller of Michigan, and Mr. Rogers of Ala- bama, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Within the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 33 Committee, H.R. 4007 was referred to the Subcommittee on Cyber- security, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies. On February 27, 2014, the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, In- frastructure Protection, and Security Technologies held a hearing on H.R. 4007. The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Caitlin Durkovich, Assistant Secretary, Infrastructure Protec- tion, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; accompanied by Mr. David Wulf, Deputy Director, Infrastructure Security Compli- ance Division; Mr. Stephen L. Caldwell, Director, Homeland Secu- rity and Justice, U.S. Government Accountability Office; Ms. Marcia Hodges, Chief Inspector, Office of the Inspector Gen- eral, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Clyde Miller, Di- rector for Corporate Security, BASF Corporation, testifying on behalf of BASF and The American Chemistry Council; Ms. Kate Hampford Donahue, President, Hampford Research, Inc., testifying on behalf of the Society of Chemical Manufacturers and Affiliates; and Ms. Anna Fendley, Legislative Representative, United Steel- workers. On April 3, 2014 the Subcommittee considered H.R. 4007, and ordered the measure forwarded to the Full Committee for consideration, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4007 on April 30, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Energy and Commerce sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on June 20, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Energy and Commerce would forego consideration of H.R. 4007. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the agreement to forego consideration. The letter further agreed to support the request for Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The Committee reported H.R. 4007 to the House on June 23, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–491, Pt. 1 . On that same date, the Com- mittee on Energy and Commerce was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 4007. The House considered H.R. 4007 under Suspension of the Rules on July 8, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 4007 was received in the Senate on July 9, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered H.R. 4007 on July 30, 2014, and ordered the measure reported to the Senate, amended, favorably. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported H.R. 4007 to the Senate on September 18, 2014, as S. Rpt. 1113–263. Placed on the Senate Legislative Calendar, Calendar No. 578. The Senate considered H.R. 4007 on December 10, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 34 The House agreed to Suspend the Rules and concurred to the Senate amendment to H.R. 4007 on December 11, 2014, by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. The President signed H.R. 4007 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–254.

BORDER PATROL AGENT PAY REFORM ACT OF 2014

PUB. LAW 113–277, S. 1691 To amend title 5, United States Code, to improve the security of the United States border and to provide for reforms and rates of pay for border patrol agents. Summary S. 1691 reforms the current Border Patrol overtime pay system, requiring Border Patrol Agents to elect one of three new categories for receiving overtime pay. These categories include: (1) hourly rate of pay equal to 1.25 times the otherwise applicable hourly rate of basic pay; (2) the hourly rate of pay equal to 1.125 times the otherwise hourly rate of basic pay; or (3) the basic border patrol rate of pay, with additional overtime as needed by CBP. The bill requires the Director of the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) to issue regulations establishing procedures for such elections. The measure further requires the U.S. Customs and Border Pa- trol to ensure that agents do not artificially inflate overtime for purposes of retirement benefits. The Comptroller General will report to Congress on the effectiveness of CBP’s plan to ensure that agents are not artificially enhancing their retirement annuities. CBP is also required to conduct an analysis of staffing requirements and their costs and submit for review by the Comptroller General. This measure also authorizes the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to identify and establish positions in the Department’s cybersecurity workforce with comparable salaries for positions in the Department of Defense. The Secretary is required to report to Congress annually for five years on the strategy and progress toward recruiting and retaining qualified employees, including veterans. The measure requires the Secretary to annually report to the OPM Director identifying cybersecurity work categories critical to DHS. The Comptroller General is also directed to report on the implementation of DHS cybersecurity workforce measures. Legislative History S. 1691 was introduced in the Senate on November 13, 2013, by Mr. Tester and Mr. McCain and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 1691 on June 25, 2014, and ordered the measure reported to the Senate, with an Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported S. 1691 to the Senate on August 26, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–248. Placed on the Senate Legislative Calendar, No. 548.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 35 The Senate considered S. 1691 on September 18, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by voice vote. S. 1691 was received in the House on September 19, 2014 and referred to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, S. 1691 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Oversight and Government Re- form on December 4, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity would waive further consideration of S. 1691. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House-Sen- ate Conference be held. The House considered S. 1691 under Suspension of the Rules on December 10, 2014 and passed the measure by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. S. 1691 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed S. 1691 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–277.

NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY PROTECTION ACT OF 2014

PUB. LAW 113–282, S. 2519 (H.R. 3696 /S. 2354) To codify an existing operations center for cybersecurity. Summary S. 2519 reflects a continuation of legislation begun in the House as H.R. 3696, which codifies and strengthens the National Cyber- security and Communications Integration Center (NCCIC) and Cyber Incident Response Teams; directs DHS to leverage industry– led organizations to facilitate critical infrastructure protection and incident response; codifies the public–private partnership framework for Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience; amends the SAFETY Act (Subtitle G of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, Pub. L. 107–296) to clarify that cybersecurity technologies and services may be certified by the DHS SAFETY Act Office; and, directs the Secretary to establish cybersecurity occupation categories, assess the readiness and capacity of the Department’s cyber workforce, and develop a comprehensive strategy to enhance the readiness, capacity, training, recruitment, and retention of the Depart- ment’s cybersecurity workforce. Legislative History S. 2519, was introduced in the Senate on June 24, 2014, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Govern- mental Affairs. On June 25, 2014, the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 2519 and ordered the measure to be reported to the Senate, amended, favorably. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported S. 2519 to the Senate on July 31, 2014, as S. Rpt.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 36 113–240. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Or- ders. Calendar No. 526. The Senate considered S. 2519 on December 10, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The House considered S. 2519 under Suspension of the Rules on December 11, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. S. 2519 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed S. 2519 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–282. H.R. 3696 H.R. 3696 was introduced in the House on December 11, 2013, by Mr. McCaul, Mr. Meehan, Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, and Ms. Clarke, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security, and in addition to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech- nology, and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Within the Committee, H.R. 3696 was referred to the Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Secu- rity Technologies. On January 15, 2014, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 3696 and reported the measure to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. On February 5, 2014, the Full Committee considered H.R. 3696 and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, as amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on February 24, 2014, agreeing to waive consideration of H.R. 3696. The letter further requested the appointment of Con- ferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and supporting the request to seek Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The Chair of the Committee on Energy and Commerce sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on July 22, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Energy and Commerce would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3696. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Energy and Commerce and to support any request for Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The Chair of the Committee on Oversight and Government Re- form sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Se- curity on July 22, 2014, agreeing to waive further consideration of H.R. 3696. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and agreeing to support any request for Conferees should a House– Senate Conference be called. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 3696 to the House on July 23, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–550, Pt. I.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 37 The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Com- mittee on Oversight and Government Reform were subsequently discharged from further consideration of H.R. 3696. The Committee reported H.R. 3696 to the House on July 23, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–550, Pt. I. The House considered H.R. 3696 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 3696 was received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. S. 2354 S. 2354, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on May 20, 2014, by Mr. Carper, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. On May 21, 2014, the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 2354 and ordered the measure to be reported to the Senate, amended, by voice vote.

FEDERAL INFORMATION SECURITY MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2014

PUB. LAW 113–283, S. 2521 (H.R. 3696) To amend chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, to provide for reform to Fed- eral information security. Summary S.2521 updates the Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 (FISMA) (Pub. L. 107–347) to address several concerns since its establishment. The legislation further clarifies and codifies the roles and responsibilities of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and places greater management and oversight attention on Federal Government data breaches. The legislation updates FISMA to reflect the enhanced role of DHS in securing Federal civilian agency networks. FISMA was enacted prior to the establishment of DHS, this legislation codifies existing practice within the Department regarding the security of the civilian Federal networks. DHS would administer FISMA implementation including collecting implementation data and by issuing government-wide implementation directives. The Department would also assist other agencies to assess and improve their security programs and conduct penetration testing and red teams. The delineation of authority between OMB and DHS generally reflects current practices in recent years. Additionally, the legislation places greater management and oversight attention on cyber incidents by enhancing notification of breaches to the public and to Congress. Legislative History S. 2521 was introduced in the Senate on June 25, 2014, by Mr. Carper and Mr. Coburn and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 38 The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 2521 on June 25, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported, without amendment, favorably. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported S. 2521 on September 15, 2015, as S. Rpt. 113– 256. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 564. The Senate considered S. 2521 on December 8, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by voice vote. S. 2521 was received in the House on December 9, 2014, and held at the Desk. The House considered S. 2521 on December 10, 2014, under Sus- pension of the Rules and passed the measure by voice vote. Clear- ing the measure for the President. S. 2521 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed S. 2521 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–283. H.R. 1163 The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform considered H.R. 1163 on March 20, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Oversight and Government Re- form on April 11, 2013, declaring the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Homeland Security and an agreement to not seek a sequential referral of the measure. The letter further requested support for the appointment of Conferees should a House-Senate Conference be called. The Chair of the Committee on Oversight and Government Re- form sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Se- curity on April 12, 2013, agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Homeland Security and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral of the measure. The letter further acknowledged the support of Conferees should a House-Senate Con- ference be called. The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform reported H.R. 1163 to the House as H. Rpt. 113–40. Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 26. The House considered H.R. 1163 under Suspension of the Rules on April 16, 2013, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 record vote of 416 yeas and 0 nays (Roll No. 106). H.R. 1163 was received in the Senate on April 17, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

DHS OIG MANDATES REVISION ACT OF 2014

PUB. LAW 113–284, S. 2651 To repeal certain mandates of the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 39 Summary The purpose of S.2651 is to eliminate the congressional mandate for the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Inspector Gen- eral to conduct certain audits of the Department. These mandated audits cover issues including an annual evaluation of the Cargo In- spection Targeting System, Coast Guard performance, accounting of National Drug Control Policy Funds, and annual review of grants to states and high-risk urban areas. According to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, the mandates that would be repealed by S.2651 duplicate other reports conducted by DHS Components. By elimi- nating these mandates, the Office of Inspector General could use finite resources on other audit priorities. The legislation rescinding these mandates does not prohibit the DHS Office of Inspector Gen- eral from conducting periodic audits on these issues. Legislative History S. 2651 was introduced in the Senate on July 24, 2014, by Mr. Coburn, and Mr. Carper and referred to the Senate Com- mittee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 2651 on September 16, 2014, and ordered the measure reported to the Senate, amended. The Senate considered S. 2651 on September 17, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported S. 2651 to the Senate on September 18, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–261. S. 2561 was received in the House on September 18, 2014, and referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and in addition to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within in the Committee, S. 2651 was referred to the Subcommittee on Over- sight and Management Efficiency, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security, and the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Homeland Security would agree to waive further consideration of S. 2651. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House-Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Trans- portation and Infrastructure acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Homeland Security and the support for Conferees, should a House-Senate Conference be called. The House considered S. 2651 under Suspension of the Rules on December 10, 2014 and passed the measure by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. S. 2651 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed S. 2651 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–284.

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TO AMEND TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE, TO PROVIDE FOR LIMITA- TIONS ON THE FEES CHARGED TO PASSENGERS OF AIR CARRIERS.

PUB. LAW 113–294, H.R. 5462 To amend title 49, United States Code, to provide for limitations on the fees charged to passengers of air carriers. Summary In an effort to streamline the September 11th passenger security fee and move away from a ‘‘per–enplanement’’ fee structure, the Bi- partisan Budget Act of 2013 (Pub. L. 113–67) applied a flat fee of $5.60 per one–way trip. The intent of Congress in modifying the fee structure was to have passengers pay the fee once, per one–way trip. While the law has previously capped fees for one–way trips and remained silent on a round trip cap, the Transportation Secu- rity Administration (TSA) has always correctly interpreted the law and maintained a commonsense policy of capping the fees for round–trip journeys to twice the cost of a one–way trip. This interpretation should have continued under the new fee structure. De- spite congressional intent, TSA eliminated the round-trip cap. By explicitly defining a round-trip, H.R. 5462 requires TSA to uphold its longstanding policy of capping round-trip air travel at twice the cost of a one–way trip. If TSA is allowed to continue ig- noring Congressional intent and enforcing its misguided regulations, travelers will pay upwards of $60 million in additional unau- thorized fees every year. According to air carriers, this would have a disproportionate impact on individuals from rural and under- served areas, who are already paying higher fares to reach their final destinations. Legislative History H.R. 5462 was introduced in the House on September 15, 2014, by Mr. Hudson, Mr. McCaul, Mr Thompson of Mississippi, and Mr. Richmond and referred to the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity. Within the Committee, H.R. 5462 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security. The House considered H.R. 5462 under Suspension of the Rules on September 16, 2014, and on September 17, 2014, passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 423 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 505). H.R. 5462 was received in the Senate on September 18, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 5462 on December 4, 2014, and passed by unanimous consent. Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 5462 was presented to the President on December 9, 2014. The President signed H.R. 5462 into law on December 19, 2014, as Public Law 113–294.

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TSA LOOSE CHANGE ACT H.R. 1095 To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the Assistant Secretary of Home- land Security (Transportation Security Administration) to establish an Aviation Se- curity Advisory Committee, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 1095 directs the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to transfer unclaimed monies recovered at airport security checkpoints to nonprofit organizations providing places of rest and recuperation at airports for members of the Armed Forces and their families, and establishes a request for proposals (RFP) process to select such organizations. Section 44945 of title 49, U.S.C., enacted as part of Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2005 (Pub. L. 108–334), authorized and directed unclaimed money collected at airport security checkpoints to be used for civil aviation security. According to the TSA report ‘‘FY 2012 Unclaimed Money at Airports,’’ which was prepared by TSA, from FY 2009 through FY 2012, TSA has collected an average of $465,285 from airport security checkpoints annually. Just in FY 2012 alone, TSA collected $531,395. However as of March 1, 2013, TSA only expended $6,539 for the purpose of civil aviation security. The Explanatory Statement contained in the Conference Report (H. Rpt. 112–492) that accompanied the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013, (Pub. L. 113–6), required TSA to issue a report on the feasibility of transferring the unclaimed money recovered at airport checkpoints to non–profit organizations that are selected on a competitive basis. According to the report, it would cost the Federal Government approximately $201,000 for the first year alone if TSA was to transfer the money to a nonprofit organization selected on a competitive basis. Further, the report concluded that to minimize administrative overhead, TSA would prefer to award the use of funding to one nonprofit organization. After reviewing TSA’s report, the Committee believes that in order to ensure fairness of opportunity while minimizing administrative overhead, TSA should transfer the funds after a RFP is issued. Currently, United Services Organizations (USO) is the sole non–profit operating airport lounges for military service members and their families. However, any non–profit organization that provides these kinds of services can submit a proposal to TSA to seek these unclaimed funds. Legislative History 112th Congress H.R. 2179 was introduced in the House on June 14, 2011, by Mr. Miller of Florida and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 2179 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Security. On March 7, 2012, the Subcommittee on Transportation Security considered H.R. 2179 and reported the measure to the Full Com- mittee with a favorable recommendation, without amendment, by voice vote.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 42 The Full Committee considered H.R. 2179 on March 28, 2012, and ordered the measure to be favorably reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 2179 to the House on May 8, 2012, as H. Rpt. 112–468. 113th Congress H.R. 1095 was introduced in the House on March 12, 2013, by Mr. Miller of Florida and Mr. Rogers of Alabama; and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1095 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Se- curity. On October 29, 2013, the Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Security from further consideration of H.R. 1095. The Full Committee considered H.R. 1095 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1095 to the House on November 21, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–274. The House considered H.R. 1095 under Suspension of the Rules, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 1095 was received in the Senate on December 9, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. S. 1804 S. 1804, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on December 11, 2013, Mr. Mr. Tester and Mr. Begich and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation considered S. 1804 on July 23, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the Senate, amended, favorably. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation reported S, 1804 to the Senate on November 17, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–273. Placed on the Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 598.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 43 crossers and a significant reduction in the movement of illicit drugs and other contraband. This legislation sets the requirements for the Secretary to consider when developing the strategy; outlines the benchmarks and timetables for achieving situational awareness and operational control; and requires metrics to measure effectiveness. H.R. 1417 also requires the Secretary to issue a baseline assessment of the current level of situational awareness and operational control of the border and periodically thereafter until the border is deemed to be under operational control. Following the baseline assessment, the Sec- retary would be required to submit a comprehensive strategy and subsequent plan to gain situational awareness and operational control. The plan would be comprised of implementation plans for each of the Department’s border security components and a comprehensive border security technology plan outlining a justification for technology choices and a timetable for procurement and deployment. This legislation also calls for periodic updates of the strategy and implementation plan following the publication of future Quad- rennial Homeland Security Review. H.R. 1417 requires the Secretary to implement a series of metrics to measure the effectiveness of security between the ports of entry, at ports of entry, and in the maritime environment. H.R. 1417 also requires a Department of Homeland Security Na- tional Laboratory and a Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence to provide an independent assessment of the suitability of the metrics the Department develops, and to make recommendations for additional metrics to measure border security effectiveness. Finally, the legislation requires the Government Accountability Office to review and report to Congress on the suitability and valid- ity of the Secretary’s strategy, plan, metrics, and the certification of operational control. Legislative History H.R. 1417 was introduced in the House on April 9, 2013, by Mr. McCaul, Mrs. Miller of Michigan, Ms. Jackson Lee, and Mr. Thompson of Mississippi and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1417 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. S. 683, the Senate companion measure was introduced in the House on April 9, 2013, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Secu- rity and Governmental Affairs. The Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security considered H.R. 1417 on April 24, 2013, and ordered the measure reported to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee on Homeland Security considered H.R. 1417 on May 15, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1417 to the House on May 20, 2013 as H. Rpt. 113–87, and placed on the Union Calendar, Cal- endar No. 62.

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WMD INTELLIGENCE AND INFORMATION SHARING ACT OF 2013 H.R. 1542 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to establish weapons of mass destruction intelligence and information sharing functions of the Office of Intelligence and Analysis of the Department of Homeland Security and to require dissemination of information analyzed by the Department to entities with responsibilities relating to homeland security, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 1542 amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–296) to direct the Office of Intelligence and Analysis of the De- partment of Homeland Security (DHS) to conduct information sharing activities relevant to threats from weapons of mass destruction (WMD). H.R. 1542 requires the Department to support homeland security–focused intelligence analysis of terrorist actors, their claims, and their plans to conduct attacks involving chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear materials against the Nation and of global infectious disease, public health, food, agricultural, and veterinary issues. The act also requires DHS to support homeland security–focused risk analysis and risk assessments of such homeland security hazards by providing relevant quantitative and quali- tative threat information. Additionally, the act requires DHS to leverage homeland security intelligence capabilities and structures to enhance prevention, protection, response, and recovery efforts with respect to a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear attack. Furthermore, the act requires DHS to share information and provide tailored analytical support on these threats to State, local, and tribal authorities as well as other national biosecurity and biodefense stakeholders. H.R. 1542 requires coordination within the Department and with the Intelligence Community, Federal, State, local, and Tribal authorities where appropriate. The act further directs the Secretary of DHS to report annually on: (1) Intelligence and information sharing activities to counter the threat from weapons of mass destruction, and (2) DHS’s activities in accordance with relevant intelligence strategies. Legislative History 112th Congress H.R. 2764 was introduced in the House on August 1, 2011, by Mr. Meehan, Ms. Speier, Mr. Pascrell, Mr. Marino, Mr. King of New York, and Mr. Rogers of Alabama, and referred to the Com- mittee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 2764 was referred to the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intel- ligence. The Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence considered H.R. 2764 on November 15, 2011, and ordered the measure to be reported to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, without amendment, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 2764 on March 28, 2012, and ordered the measure to be favorably reported to the House, amended, by voice vote.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 45 The Committee reported H.R. 2764 to the House on May 8, 2012, as H. Rpt. 112–466. The House considered H.R. 2764 on May 30, 2012, under Sus- pension of the Rules, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 2764 was received in the Senate on June 4, 2012, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. 113th Congress H.R. 1542 was introduced in the House on April 24, 2013, by Mr. Meehan, Ms. Speier, Mr. McCaul, Mr. King of New York, and Mr. Higgins, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1542 was referred to the Sub- committee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence. The House considered H.R. 1542 on July 22, 2013, under Sus- pension of the Rules and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 record vote of 388 yeas and 3 nays, (Roll No. 375). H.R. 1542 was received in the Senate on July 23, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

MEDICAL PREPAREDNESS ALLOWABLE USE ACT H.R. 1791 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to codify authority under existing grant guidance authorizing use of Urban Area Security Initiative and State Home- land Security Grant Program funding for enhancing medical preparedness, medical surge capacity, and mass prophylaxis capabilities. Summary H.R. 1791 amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–296) to ensure that grants funds may continue to be used for medical preparedness activities. Legislative History

112th Congress H.R. 5997 was introduced in the House on June 21, 2012, by Mr. Bilirakis, Mr. Clarke of Michigan, Mr. Turner of New York, and Mr. Rogers of Alabama; and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 5997 was referred to the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications. The House considered H.R. 5997 under Suspension of the Rules on November 27, 2012, and passed the bill, amended, by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 397 yeas and 1 nay, (Roll No. 609). 113th Congress H.R. 1791 was introduced in the House on April 26, 2013, by Mr. Bilirakis, Mrs. Brooks of Indiana, and Mr. King of New York; and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1791 was referred to the Subcommittee on Emer- gency Preparedness, Response, and Communications. On October 29, 2013, the Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications from further consideration of H.R. 1791.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 46 The Full Committee considered H.R. 1791 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1791 to the House on November 21, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–273. The House considered H.R. 1791 under Suspension of the Rules on February 3, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 391 yeas and 2 nays, (Roll No. 32). H.R. 1791 was received in the Senate on February 4, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

HOMELAND SECURITY CYBERSECURITY BOOTS–ON–THE–GROUND ACT H.R. 3107 To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish cybersecurity occupation classifications, assess the cybersecurity workforce, develop a strategy to address identified gaps in the cybersecurity workforce, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 3107 directs the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish cybersecurity occupation classifications and to ensure that such classifications may be used throughout the Department and are made available to other Federal agencies. H.R. 3107 also requires the Secretary to create a workforce strategy that enhances the readiness, capacity, training, recruitment, and retention of the De- partment of Homeland Security (DHS) cybersecurity workforce, including a multi–phase recruitment plan and a 10–year projection of federal workforce needs. This legislation would also create a process to verify that employees of independent contractors who serve in DHS cybersecurity positions receive initial and recurrent information security and role–based security training commensu- rate with assigned responsibilities. Legislative History H.R. 3107 was introduced in the House on September 17, 2013, by Ms. Clarke, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity. Within the Committee, H.R. 3107 was referred to the Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Secu- rity Technologies. On September 18, 2013, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 3107 and reported the measure to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 3107 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 3107 to the House on December 12, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–294. The House considered H.R. 3107 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 395 yeas and 8 nays, (Roll No. 457). Received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

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ESSENTIAL TRANSPORTATION WORKER IDENTIFICATION CREDENTIAL ASSESSMENT ACT H.R. 3202 To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to prepare a comprehensive security assessment of the transportation security card program, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 3202 directs the Secretary of Homeland Security to submit to Congress and the Comptroller General a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the transportation security card program at enhancing security and reducing security risks for maritime facilities and vessels. The assessment is to be conducted by a National Laboratory within the DHS laboratory network or a maritime security university–based center within the Department’s centers of excellence network. The bill further prohibits the Secretary from issuing a final rule requiring the use of transportation security card readers until: (1) the Comptroller General informs Congress that the submission is responsive to their recommendations, and (2) the Secretary issues an updated list of transportation security card readers that are compatible with active transportation security cards. Finally, H.R. 3202 requires the Comptroller General to report to Congress on implementation of the plan at least 18 months after it is issued, and every 6 months thereafter for the ensuing 3–year period. Legislative History H.R. 3202 was introduced in the House on September 27, 2013, by Ms. Jackson Lee, Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, and Mrs. Miller of Michigan, and referred to the Committee on Home- land Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 3202 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security, and the Sub- committee on Transportation Security and Infrastructure Protec- tion. On May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Se- curity considered H.R. 3202 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 3202 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture sent a letter on July 8, 2014, to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Transportation and In- frastructure would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3202. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Transportation and In- frastructure and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3202. The Committee reported H.R. 3202 to the House on July 18, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–528.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 48 The House considered H.R. 3202 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 400 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 456). Received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation.

INTEGRATED PUBLIC ALERT AND WARNING SYSTEM MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2013 H.R. 3283 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to direct the Secretary of Homeland Security to modernize and implement the national integrated public alert and warning system to disseminate homeland security information and other information, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 3283 authorizes the Federal Emergency Management Agen- cy’s Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS) to ensure timely and effective alerts and warnings. Legislative History H.R. 3283 was introduced in the House on October 10, 2013, by Mr. Bilirakis and referred to the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity, and in addition to the Committee on Transportation and Infra- structure. Within the Committee, H.R. 3283 was referred to the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Commu- nications. On March 27, 2014, the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications considered H.R. 3283, and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 3283 on April 30, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 49 technologies that would address the findings and recommendation of experts; 4) an analysis of the technology options that are available to improve the resiliency of critical infrastructure to EMP events and 5) an analysis of the restoration and recovery capabilities of critical infrastructure under differing levels of damage and disruption from various EMP events. H.R. 3410 also requires the Secretary to submit a recommended strategy to protect and prepare critical infrastructure against EMP events (including acts of terrorism), and provide biennial updates on the status of the recommended strategy. Legislative History H.R. 3410 was introduced in the House on October 30, 2013, by Mr. Franks of Arizona and Mr. Sessions, and referred to the Com- mittee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 3410 was referred to the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies. On December 1, 2014, the Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3410. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Com- mittee on Science, Space, and Technology and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral. On December 1, 2014, the House considered H.R. 3410 under Suspension of the Rules and passed the measure, amended, by voice vote. Received in the Senate on December 2, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Govern- mental Affairs.

NATIONAL LABORATORIES MEAN NATIONAL SECURITY ACT H.R. 3438 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to authorize use of grants under the Urban Area Security Initiative and the State Homeland Security Grant Program to work in conjunction with a Department of Energy national laboratory. Summary H.R. 3438 clarifies that grant funding under the State Homeland Security Grant Program and Urban Area Security Initiative may be used to fund activities done in conjunction with the National Laboratories. Legislative History H.R. 3438 was introduced in the House on October 30, 2013, by Mr. Swalwell of California, and six original co-sponsors, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Com- mittee, H.R. 3438 was referred to the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications. On December 1, 2014, the Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 50 on Homeland Security agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3438. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Com- mittee on Science, Space, and Technology and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral. The House considered H.R. 3438 on December 1, 2014, under Suspension of the Rules and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 386 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 533). H.R. 3438 was received in the Senate on December 2, 2014.

H.R. 3488 To establish the conditions under which the Secretary of Homeland Security may establish preclearance facilities, conduct preclearance operations, and provide customs services outside the United States, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 3488 authorizes the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish new U.S. Customs and Border Protection preclearance operations in foreign countries. The bill consists of a series of benchmarks and timelines necessary to establish a preclearance operation and ensure transparency while the Department engages with foreign governments. H.R. 3488 requires the Secretary to certify to Congress, within 90 days of entering into an agreement, the homeland security benefits of the preclearance operation; that at least one United States passenger carrier operates at that location, and all United States passenger carriers have the same access as non–United States passenger carriers; there are no alternate options to preclearance that would be more effective; that foreign government screening procedures meet or exceed United States screening requirements; that new airport preclearance operations will not increase customs processing times at United States airports; and that other objectives will be served by establishing preclearance operations. The intent of this bill is to set the contours for CBP while expanding future preclearance operations by incorporating a series of notifications and certifications, including a justification that outlines the homeland security benefit and impact to domestic staffing and wait times of any new preclearance operations. Legislative History H.R. 3488 was introduced in the House on November 14, 2013, by Mr. Meehan and 61 original co–sponsors and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and the Committee on Ways and Means. Within the Committee, H.R. 3488 was referred to the Sub- committee on Border and Maritime Security. On May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 3488 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 3488 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 51 The Chair of the Committee on Ways and Means sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on June 26, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Ways and Means would waive further consideration of H.R. 3488. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded on June 30, 2014, agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Ways and Means, and supporting the request for Conferees should a House–Senate Con- ference be called. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 3488 to the House on July 3, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–511, Pt. I. The House considered H.R. 3488 under Suspension of the Rules on July 8, 2014, and passed measure, by voice vote. H.R. 3488 was received in the Senate, on July 9, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

UNITED STATES U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION AUTHORIZATION ACT H.R. 3846 To provide for the authorization of border, maritime, and transportation security responsibilities and functions in the Department of Homeland Security and the establishment of United States U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 3846 authorizes U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) within the Homeland Security Act of 2002, for the first time. This bill is intended to clearly authorize the current authorities, responsibilities, and functions of CBP. The measure would provide a base authorization of the border security offices within CBP which have not been previously authorized, including: The Border Patrol, Office of Air and Marine, Office of Field Operations, the National Tar- geting Center, Office of Intelligence and Investigative Liaison, Of- fice of International Affairs, and Office of Internal Affairs. H.R. 3846 requires transparency, accountability, and additional oversight for CBP by developing standard operating procedures for: searching electronic devices at or between ports of entry, use of force, and streamlining complaints about officers, agents and employees of CBP. Furthermore, it establishes training requirements, short term detention standards and wait time transparency. Legislative History H.R. 3846 was introduced in the House on January 10, 2014, by Mrs. Miller of Michigan, Mr. McCaul, and Ms. Jackson Lee and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security, and in addition to the Committee on Ways and Means. Within the Committee, H.R. 3846 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Mari- time Security. On May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 3846 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 52 The Full Committee considered H.R. 3846 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Ways and Means sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on June 26, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Ways and Means would waive further consideration of H.R. 3846. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded on June 30, 2014, agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Ways and Means, and supporting the request for Conferees should a House–Senate Con- ference be called. The Chair of the Committee on the Judiciary sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on July 24, 2014, agreeing to not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3846. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Com- mittee on the Judiciary, and supporting the request for Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The Committee reported H.R. 3846 to the House on July 24, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–555, Pt. I. The House considered H.R. 3846 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 3846 was received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

DHS ACQUISITION ACCOUNTABILITY AND EFFICIENCY ACT H.R. 4228 To require the Department of Homeland Security to improve discipline, accountability, and transparency in acquisition program management. Summary The Department of Homeland Security spends billions of taxpayer dollars each year in major acquisition programs to help protect the homeland. Since 2005, the Government Accountability Of- fice (GAO) has identified DHS’s acquisition management as an activity on its ‘‘High–Risk List’’ which identifies programs highly susceptible to fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement or most in need of broad reform. Numerous GAO and Inspector General reports have identified significant issues in how DHS manages its acquisition programs. H.R. 4228 provides senior DHS officials necessary authorities to hold programs accountable, increases transparency for Congress on troubled programs, and requires a departmental strategy to help ensure taxpayer dollars are spent in the most efficient and effective manner. Legislative History H.R. 4228 was introduced in the House on March 13, 2014, by Mr. Duncan of South Carolina, Mr. McCaul, Mr. Barber, and Mr. Daines, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4228 was referred to the Sub- committee on Oversight and Management Efficiency.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 53 On March 26, 2014, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Man- agement Efficiency considered H.R. 4228 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4228 on April 30, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 4228 to the House on May 6, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–436. The House considered H.R. 4228 under Suspension of the Rules and agreed to suspend the rules and pass H.R. 4228, amended, by voice vote. H.R. 4228 was received in the Senate on June 10, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

SOCIAL MEDIA WORKING GROUP ACT OF 2014 H.R. 4263 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to authorize the Department of Home- land Security to establish a social media working group, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 4263 amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to authorize and enhance the Department of Homeland Security’s Virtual Social Media Working Group. Legislative History H.R. 4263 was introduced in the House on March 14, 2013, by Mrs. Brooks, Mr. Payne, Mr. Palazzo, and Mr. Swalwell of Cali- fornia, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. With- in the Committee, H.R. 4263 was referred to the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications. On March 27, 2014, the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications considered H.R. 4263, and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4263 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. H.R. 4263 was reported to the House on June 19, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–480. The Chair of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Se- curity on July 7, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration of H.R. 4263, the Committee on Transportation and Infra- structure would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 4263. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 54 The House considered H.R. 4263 under Suspension of the Rules on July 8, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 375 yeas and 19 nays, (Roll No. 369). H.R. 4263 was received in the Senate, on July 9, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTEROPERABLE COMMUNICATIONS ACT H.R. 4289 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require the Under Secretary for Management of the Department of Homeland Security to take administrative action to achieve and maintain interoperable communications capabilities among the components of the Department of Homeland Security, and for other purposes. Summary This bill amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to include, among the responsibilities of the Department’s Under Secretary for Management (USM), achieving and maintaining interoperable communications among the Department of Homeland Security’s components. Legislative History H.R. 4289 was introduced in the House on March 24, 2014, by Mr. Payne and Mrs. Brooks of Indiana and referred to the Com- mittee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4289 was referred to the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Re- sponse, and Communications. On March 27, 2014, the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications considered H.R. 4289, and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, without amendment, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4289 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, without amendment by voice vote. H.R. 4289 was reported to the House on June 19, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–484. The House considered H.R. 4289 under Suspension of the Rules on July 8, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 393 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 370). H.R. 4289 was received in the Senate, on July 9, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

TRAVEL PROMOTION, ENHANCEMENT, AND MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2014 H.R. 4450 (S. 2250) To extend the Travel Promotion Act of 2009, and for other purposes.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 55 Summary The purpose of H.R. 4450 is to reauthorize and increase transparency and accountability metrics for Brand USA, a public–private partnership originally created by the Travel Promotion Act of 2009 (TPA), in executing its mission of encouraging increased international visitation to the United States and to grow America’s share of the global travel market at no cost to taxpayers. The current program is funded through Fiscal Year 2015, and public con- tributions are capped at $100 million per year. Legislative History H.R. 4450 was introduced in the House on April 10, 2014, by Mr. Bilirakis and 40 original cosponsors and referred to the Com- mittee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4450 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. The Committee on Energy and Commerce considered H.R. 4450 on July 14 and July 15, 2014 and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Energy and Commerce on July 16, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration of H.R. 4450 on the House Floor, the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity would agree to waive further consideration of H.R. 4450. The Chair of the Committee on Energy and Commerce responded on July 17, 2014, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Homeland Security and the agreement to waive further consideration of H.R. 4450. The Committee on Energy and Commerce reported H.R. 4450 to the House on July 22, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–542, Pt. I. On July 22, 2014, the Committee on Homeland Security was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 4450. The House considered H.R. 4450 under Suspension of the Rules on July 22, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 347 yeas and 57 nays, (Roll No. 433). H.R. 4450 was received in the Senate on July 31, 2014, read twice, and placed on the Senate Legislative Calendar, Calendar No. 521. S. 2250 S. 2250, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on April 10, 2014 by Ms. Klobuchar and 24 original cosponsors and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation reported S. 2250 to the Senate on July 31, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–234.

AIRPORT SECURITY ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 2014 H.R. 4802 To improve intergovernmental planning for and communication during security incidents at domestic airports, and for other purposes.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 56 Summary On November 1, 2013, a lone gunman entered Terminal 3 at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and began a shooting ram- page, which left Transportation Security Officer Gerardo Her- nandez dead and three other individuals wounded. While the response by law enforcement, Transportation Security Administra- tion (TSA) personnel, and emergency responders was heroic and impressive, after–action reports conducted on the incident showed gaps in communications and coordination procedures. H.R. 4802 seeks to improve security incident preparedness by directing TSA to verify that airports across the United States have incorporated procedures for responding to active shooters targeting security checkpoints into their existing incident plans. Additionally, the legislation would direct the Administrator of TSA to report to the appropriate Congressional committees the Administration’s findings regarding the levels of preparedness at airports. The bill would also mandate that TSA establish a mechanism by which best practices in security incident mitigation can be shared with airports across the country and requires that the agency certify to the appropriate Congressional committees that all screening personnel have participated in training for active shooter scenarios. Addition- ally, TSA would be required to provide an analysis to the appropriate Congressional committees on how agency cost savings can be used to increase funding for reimbursable agreements for airport law enforcement over the next five years. Finally, the legislation would require TSA to conduct a review of the interoperable communications capabilities of the law enforcement, fire, and medical personnel responsible for responding to a security incident at airports in the United States. Legislative History H.R. 4802 was introduced in the House on June 5, 2014, by Mr. Hudson and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4802 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security. The Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Secu- rity from further consideration of H.R. 4802 on June 11, 2014. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4802 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 4802 to the House on July 3, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–512. The House considered H.R. 4802 under Suspension of the Rules and passed the measure, as amended, by voice vote. H.R. 4802 was received in the Senate on July 23, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

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TSA OFFICE OF INSPECTION ACCOUNTABILITY ACT H.R. 4803 To require the Transportation Security Administration to conform to existing Fed- eral law and regulations regarding criminal investigator positions, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 4803 addresses issues identified by the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General (DHS OIG) in its report Transportation Security Administration Office of Inspec- tion’s Efforts to Enhance Transportation Security [OIG–13–123], released in September 2013, as well as testimony received during the Subcommittee on Transportation Security’s January 28, 2014, hearing entitled ‘‘Examining TSA’s Cadre of Criminal Investigators.’’ The premium pay and other benefits afforded to Transportation Se- curity Administration (TSA) criminal investigators within the Of- fice of Inspection (OOI) who are incorrectly classified as such will cost the taxpayer as much as $17,000,000 over 5 years if TSA fails to make any changes to the number of OOI criminal investigators, according to the DHS OIG. This legislation requires TSA to certify to the Congress and the DHS OIG to validate, that only TSA employees who meet the relevant legal and regulatory requirements are classified as criminal investigators and receive premium pay. If the Inspector General finds that TSA is using inadequate or invalid data and methods to classify criminal investigators, TSA may not hire any new employee to work in OOI until TSA makes a new certification and the DHS OIG submits to Congress a finding that TSA utilized adequate and valid data and methods to make its certification. It also requires TSA to reclassify any criminal investigators who do not meet the legal requirements and report to Congress on any associated cost savings. In addition, this legislation would require TSA to submit to Congress any materials associated with OOI’s review of the use of a Federal Firearms License by Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS) officials to obtain discounted or free firearms for personal use. Furthermore, it requires TSA to submit information on specific actions that will be taken to prevent FAMS officials from using a Federal Firearms License and the agency’s relation- ships with private vendors to obtain discounted or free firearms for personal use. Legislative History H.R. 4803 was introduced in the House on June 5, 2014, by Mr. Sanford and Mr. Hudson and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4803 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Security. The Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Secu- rity from further consideration of H.R. 4803 on June 11, 2014. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4803 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 4803 to the House on July 3, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–513.

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING DETECTION ACT OF 2014 H.R. 5116 To direct the Secretary of Homeland Security to train Department of Homeland Se- curity personnel how to effectively deter, detect, disrupt, and prevent human trafficking during the course of their primary roles and responsibilities, and for other purposes. Summary According to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), human trafficking ranks as the second most profitable form of transnational crime and is a $32 billion per year industry. DHS is responsible for investigating human trafficking, arresting traffickers, and protecting victims. According to DHS, increased anti– trafficking awareness and training leads to more tips to law enforcement, resulting in more victims being identified. To that end, DHS established the Blue Campaign to raise awareness and offer training to law enforcement and others. This legislation ensures that the Transportation Security Admin- istration, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and other DHS personnel the Secretary deems appropriate are trained to effectively detect, intercept, and disrupt human trafficking in a manner relevant to their professional roles and responsibilities. Additionally, the bill seeks to provide such personnel with the most current trends and information on matters pertaining to the detection of human trafficking. The bill would establish annual reviews, evalua- tions, and updates to ensure that the training is consistent with current trends, patterns, and techniques associated with human trafficking. Additionally, the legislation would require the Sec- retary to certify to the relevant committees that all described personnel have received the training, as well as submit a report to the committees on the overall effectiveness of the program and the number of reported cases by DHS personnel. The Secretary would also be authorized to assist State, local and Tribal governments, as well as private organizations, in establishing training programs regarding trafficking in persons upon request from such entities. Legislative History H.R. 5116 was introduced in the House on July 15, 2014, by Mr. Meadows, Mr. McCaul, Ms. Loretta Sanchez of California, Mr. Hudson, and Mr. O’Rourke and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security, and in addition to the Committee on the Judi- ciary. Within the Committee, H.R. 5116 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security and the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. The Chair of the Committee on the Judiciary sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on July 17, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 59 Floor, the Committee on the judiciary would waive further consideration of H.R. 5116. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Com- mittee on the Judiciary and the agreement to waive further consideration of H.R. 5116, and further supporting the request for Con- ferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The House agreed to Suspend the Rules and passed H.R. 5116 on July 23, 2014. H.R. 5116 was received in the Senate on July 24, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS H.R. 5230 (H.R. 2398/H.R. 5137) Making supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2014, and for other purposes. Summary Title III of Division B of H.R. 5230 contains provisions of H.R. 2398, as referred to the Committee. As introduced, H.R. 2398 grants the U.S. Customs and Border Protection access to Federal lands to conduct various activities including: (1) road and barrier construction and maintenance; (2) use of patrol vehicles; (3) installation, maintenance, and operation of surveillance equipment and sensors; and (4) deployment of temporary tactical infrastructure. The bill further provides the Sec- retary of Homeland Security with a waiver over various Federal laws with respect to the enforcement of the international borders of the United States. Legislative History H.R. 5230 was introduced in the House on July 29, 2014 by Mr. Rogers of Kentucky. Provisions of H.R. 2398 were included in Title III of Division B of H.R. 5230, as introduced; and in Section 16 of H.R. 5137, as introduced. H.R. 2398 H.R. 2398 was introduced in the House on June 17, 2013, by Mr. Bishop of Utah and seven original cosponsors and referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Com- mittee on Agriculture and the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 2398 was referred to the Sub- committee on Border and Maritime Security. H.R. 5137 H.R. 5137 was introduced in the House on July 17, 2014, by Mr. Chaffetz, Mr. Goodlatte, Mr. Smith of Texas, Mr. Chabot, and Mr. Farenthold, and referred to the Committee on the Judici- ary, and in addition to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com- mittee on Agriculture, the Committee on Natural Resources, and the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee,

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STRENGTHENING DOMESTIC NUCLEAR SECURITY ACT OF 2014 H.R. 5629 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to strengthen the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 5629 amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296) to authorize the creation of the Domestic Nuclear Detec- tion Office for two years. This legislation authorizes the program at $291 million for each of fiscal years 2015 and 2016. In carrying out the mission of the Office, the Director would be required to provide comprehensive support to Federal, State, and local entities to assist in implementing radiological and nuclear detection capabilities in the event of an attack. These capabilities would be required to be integrated into the enhanced global nuclear detection architecture. Moreover, the Director is required to establish the ‘‘Secur- ing the Cities’’ (STC) program to enhance the ability of the U.S. to detect and prevent a radiological or nuclear attack in high-risk urban areas. The Director is required to consider jurisdictions designated as high-risk urban areas for the STC program and notify Congress within 30 days of any changes or additions to the program. Within one year of the bill’s enactment, the GAO is required to submit a report to Congress on the program’s effectiveness. This legislation also requires the Department of Homeland Secu- rity (DHS) to complete and sign a Mission Need Statement and Operational Requirements Document in the event of the acquisition of a new system for use under this Act. H.R. 5629 also changes the reporting requirements of the Joint Interagency Review of Global Nuclear Detection Architecture. Under current law, the report is submitted annually. This legislation would require the report be submitted biennially. Legislative History H.R. 5629 was introduced in the House on September 18, 2014, by Mr. Meehan and Mr. McCaul, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 5629 was referred to the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies. On December 1, 2014, the House considered H.R. 5629 under Suspension of the Rules and passed the measure, amended, by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 374 yeas and 11 nays, (Roll No. 532). Received in the Senate on December 3, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Govern- mental Affairs.

OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE After the attacks of September 11, 2001, President George W. Bush declared: ‘‘We’re fighting a new kind of war against deter-

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THREATS TO THE HOMELAND The Committee has continued to focus on the present and persistent threat of terrorism. Scattered across the globe are an increasing number of individuals and organizations sympathetic to al Qaeda’s ideology, who embrace their radical view and are actively looking to engage in jihad. Further, threats from new groups, like the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), intensify everyday. On February 13, 2013, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘A New Perspective on Threats to the Homeland.’’ The Committee received testimony from ADM Thad Allen (Ret. USCG), Senior Vice President, Booz Allen Hamilton; Mr. Shawn Henry, President, CrowdStrike Services; Hon. Michael E. Leiter, Private Citizen; Hon. David M. Walker, Founder and CEO, The Comeback America Initiative; and Mr. Clark Kent Ervin, Partner, Patton Boggs, LLP. The Committee will continue to focus on protecting the homeland from threats of terrorism both domestically and abroad, and will conduct rigorous oversight of efforts to counter these threats. Throughout the 113th Congress, Members of the Committee received regular monthly classified briefings from the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), the Department of Homeland Se- curity, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation to stay abreast of the latest intelligence and threats to the homeland. On January 15, 2014, the Full Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘A False Narrative Endangers the Homeland.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Joseph I. Lieberman, Former Senator from the State of Connecticut; Hon. Jane Harman, Former Rep- resentative from the State of California; General John M. ‘‘Jack’’ Keane (Ret. U.S. Army), Chairman of the Board, Institute for the Study of War; and Dr. Seth G. Jones, Associate Director, Inter- national Security and Defense Policy Center, the Rand Corpora- tion.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 62 On July 23, 2014, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Rising Terrorist Threat and the Unfulfilled 9/11 Recommendation.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Thomas H. Kean, Jr., Co–Chair, Homeland Security Project, Bipartisan Policy Center and former Chair, National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States; Hon. Jamie S. Gorelick, Former Commissioner, National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. On September 17, 2014, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Worldwide Threats to the Homeland.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Jeh C. Johnson, Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Hon. James B. Comey, Director, Federal Bu- reau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice; and Hon. Mat- thew G. Olsen, Director, National Counterterrorism Center.

NATIONAL NETWORK OF FUSION CENTERS The National Network of Fusion Centers (Network) was developed in the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks to close the gaps in information sharing between Federal, State, and local law enforcement and emergency responders. The Network includes 78 fusion centers across 49 states, three territories and the District of Colum- bia. On July 26, 2013, the Committee released a Majority Staff Re- port entitled ‘‘The National Network of Fusion Centers,’’ detailing the Committee’s findings and recommendations based on a comprehensive study of fusions centers across the Nation. The report concludes months of work by the Committee which included visits to 32 fusion centers, briefings and discussions with Federal partners and the National Fusion Center Association. The Committee’s review concludes that the Network is not functioning as cohesively as it should be and fusion centers are facing numerous challenges that prevent the Network from realizing its full potential to help secure the Homeland. The Committee will continue to work with Federal, State, and local stakeholders in an effort to further ma- ture and develop the Network as a national homeland security asset.

BOKO HARAM Boko Haram is an Islamic jihadist militant organization based in the northeast of Nigeria, north Cameroon, and Niger that seeks to establish a ‘‘pure’’ Islamic state ruled by sharia law, putting a stop to what it deems ‘‘Westernization.’’ Boko Haram has repeatedly demonstrated its commitment to waging violent jihad. The organization’s growing capacity and alliance with al Qaeda make it a threat to the Homeland and U.S. interests abroad. In September 2014, the Chair of the Full Committee and the Chairs of the Sub- committee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence, and the Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Intel- ligence, released a report entitled ‘‘Boko Haram: Growing Threat to the U.S. Homeland.’’ The Committee concluded that designating Boko Haram a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) will ensure support for the group’s activities is prohibited by Federal law. Sub- sequently, the Department of State designated Boko Haram an FTO on November 13, 2013.

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THE BOSTON BOMBINGS On April 15, 2013, two improvised explosive devices detonated near the finish line of the Boston Marathon. This attack killed three innocent victims and injured an estimated 260 others. Local police, fire departments, medical personnel, members of the Na- tional Guard, as well as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and officials from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) responded to the scene, and began to coordinate efforts to bring those responsible to justice. The suspects, identified several days later as Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, were eventually cornered in Watertown, Mas- sachusetts in the early hours of Friday, April 19, 2013. Tamerlan Tsarnaev sustained fatal injuries during his attempt to flee authorities, while his younger brother evaded capture for another several hours by hiding in a nearby boat. In the aftermath of Dzhokhar’s arrest and his brother’s death, the Committee—responding to public reports that Tamerlan Tsarnaev had been previously identified as a potential terrorist threat—initiated an investigation into what Federal agencies knew about the danger he posed, what was done with that information, and how to ensure this type of situation does not occur again. The Committee released a report entitled ‘‘The Road to Boston: Counterterrorism Challenges and Lessons from the Marathon Bombings’’ on March 26, 2014, which expanded the attacks and provided recommendations to improve the security of the United States. This effort resulted in multiple briefings from representatives of DHS, the FBI, and other Federal officials. The effort also consisted of discussions with State and local law enforcement, document requests and multiple Committee hearings and site visits. On May 9, 2013, the Full Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Boston Bombings: A First Look.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Joseph I. Lieberman, former Senator from the State of Connecticut; Mr. Edward F. Davis, III, Commissioner, Boston Police Department; Hon. Kurt N. Schwartz, Undersecretary, Executive Office of Public Safety and Security, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and Dr. Erroll G. Southers, Professor and Asso- ciate Director of Research Transition, DHS National Center for Risk & Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE), Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California. After the initial assessment from the hearing, the Committee traveled twice to Boston to meet with representatives from the Boston Police Department, DHS, and the Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF). Additionally, the Committee met with the Intelligence Community Inspector General to coordinate investigative efforts. The Committee continued its examination into the Boston bombings with a hearing on July 10 and 11, 2013, entitled ‘‘Assessing Attacks on the Homeland: From Fort Hood to Boston.’’ The Com- mittee received testimony from Hon. Rudolph ‘‘Rudy’’ W. Giuliani, former Mayor, New York City; Hon. Michael Leiter, former Direc- tor, National Counterterrorism Center; Dr. Bruce Hoffman, Pro- fessor and Director, Center for Peace and Security Studies and Se- curity, Georgetown University; Hon. John Cohen, Deputy Counter- terrorism Coordinator and Senior Advisor to the Secretary, U.S.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 64 Department of Homeland Security; and Hon. Matthew G. Olsen, Director, National Counterterrorism Center. Due to the sensitive nature of some of the testimony, portions of this hearing were held in Executive Session. On April 2, 2014, the Committee on Homeland Security held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Boston Marathon Bombings, One Year On: A Look Back to Look Forward.’’ The Committee received testimony from Mr. Edward F. Davis, III, Former Commissioner, Boston Po- lice Department and Fellow, John F. Kennedy School of Govern- ment, Harvard University; Mr. Edward P. Deveau, Chief of Police, Watertown Police Department; Mr. Jeffrey J. Pugliese, Sergeant, Watertown Police Department; and Dr. Herman ‘‘Dutch’’ B. Leon- ard, Professor of Public Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. After the hearings, the Committee on Homeland Security continued its investigation into the actions of the Federal Government prior to the Boston bombings and post bombings. The Committee sent a series of letters to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of Homeland Security, and the National Counterter- rorism Center on their particular actions and insights into the terrorists and events that occurred prior to the attack. Additionally Members of the Committee and staff have received a series of briefings regarding the bombing and information sharing between agencies. Committee staff traveled to Moscow, the Russian Federation, and Georgia to investigate Tamerlan Tsarnaev’s travel and speak with officials on the ground to gain insight into the radicalization of the suspects. Committee is currently conducting a follow–up investigation to examine how the Committee’s recommendations have been implemented. The Committee continues to follow-up its initial investigation into the Boston Marathon Bombings to ensure compliance by agencies with recommendations made into the Committee’s initial investigations. From August 18 through 20, 2014, Committee staff conducted a site visit to the Boston Regional Intelligence Center and the Massa- chusetts State Police Headquarters to examine information sharing between federal agencies and state and local partners at Fusion Centers and JTTFs in the wake of the bombing and since the release of the Committee’s report and the Intelligence Community’s Inspector General reports. On November 17, 2014, the Chair of the Full Committee sent letters to DHS and FBI to share findings from Committee staff site visits to New York City, New York; Austin, Texas; and Boston, Massachusetts. The Committee’s investigation is on-going. The Committee is assessing how Federal, State, and local agencies are addressing the recommendations included in the Committee’s report.

2014 WINTER OLYMPIC GAMES SECURITY On February 3, 2014, the Members of the Committee on Home- land Security, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Com- mittee on Armed Services received a classified briefing on the security situation and U.S. assistance at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

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IMPLICATIONS OF SYRIA CRISIS ON HOMELAND SECURITY In August 2013, the Syrian government used chemical agents on civilians in the Ghouta area of Damascus. As the United States and its allies considered an international military response, the Committee held numerous meetings and briefings to understand the security implications of this response on the Homeland. On September 10, 2013, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Crisis in Syria: Implications for Homeland Security.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Christopher Shays, Former Represent- ative in Congress from the 4th District of Connecticut; Major Gen- eral Robert H. Scales, Jr. (Ret. U.S. Army), former Commandant of the U.S. Army War College; Mr. Thomas Joscelyn, Senior Fellow, Foundation for Defense of Democracies; and Dr. Stephen Biddle, Adjunct Senior Fellow for Defense Policy, Council on Foreign Rela- tions. The Committee will continue to closely monitor the Syrian crisis, especially given the rise of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) to understand potential threats to the Homeland from foreign fighters and the possibility of chemical weapons falling into extremists’ hands.

EFFECTS OF WESTERNERS JOINING TERROR GROUPS In September 2013, Americans watched as hundreds ran for cover and 68 people were murdered by vicious terrorists who in- vaded a shopping mall in the Republic of Kenya. Al–Shabaab mili- tants, a designated Foreign Terrorist Organization, were responsible for terrorizing these innocent civilians. The most striking concern for Americans is that within the ranks of al–Shabaab are 40– 50 Americans, who have previously resided in the United States, and are now fighting alongside these jihadists in Africa. On October 9, 2013, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners Joining Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ The Committee received testimony from Prof. Michael Scheuer, Adjunct Professor, Center for Peace and Security Studies, Georgetown University, testifying

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COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM The Committee initiated an investigation into U.S. efforts to counter violent extremism (CVE). On December 4, 2013, the Chair of the Full Committee and the Chair of the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence sent a letter to the Attorney General requesting updated arrest statistics for individuals indicted on terrorism–related charges during Fiscal Years 2011 and 2012. The Committee met with a number of current and former government officials regarding CVE. On February 20, 2014, Committee staff met with the Acting Principal Deputy Undersecretary Depart- ment of Homeland Security CVE initiatives. On May 30, 2014, the Chairman of the Full Committee sent a letter to the President’s Homeland Security Advisor regarding the Committee’s intentions to conduct an assessment of the Adminis- tration’s CVE efforts and to measure progress in meeting the objectives laid out in the 2011 CVE strategy and corresponding implementation plan. On July 15, 2014, Committee staff met with a former Adminis- tration official regarding programs to counter violent extremism (CVE). On August 12, 2014, Committee staff met with officials across the government representing an interagency effort on CVE. On September 12, 2014, the Chair of the Full Committee sent a letter to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget raising concerns about the lack of a direct budget allocation for government–wide CVE efforts and requesting that one be included in the Fiscal Year 2016 budget request to Congress. On October 22, 2014, Committee staff participated in a site visit to the National Counterterrorism Center to receive briefings on: Terrorists’ use of social media for propaganda and recruitment, and on-going concerns with radicalization within U.S. prisons.

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UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT FOREIGN FIGHTER PROGRAMS The Committee is currently conducting a review of the U.S. Gov- ernment’s preparedness to deter, detect, and disrupt the travel of foreign fighters and potential terrorists from violent Islamist safe havens, particularly Syria and Iraq, into the United States. This review will explore the Administration’s strategy, all Government agency actions—specifically the Department of Homeland Security and interagency preparedness to combat the threat—and gaps which remain in our defenses. On November 7, 2014, the Chair of the Full Committee sent a letter to the White House announcing the review.

BORDER SECURITY Border security is about much more than illegal immigration; it is about safeguarding this country from terrorism, drug cartels, weapons and human smuggling and ensuring the free flow of legiti- mate trade. It is important to know who and what is coming into the United States. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), has never created a National strategy to secure our borders. In the absence of a complete border security strategy that encompasses the entire border, illicit cross–border activity quickly adapts and moves from one area to another. Throughout the 113th Congress, the Committee has actively examined the key elements of border security including the definition of a secure border, border security metrics and measures, visa security and overstays, the implementation of a biometric exit system, cargo security, maritime security, and the future of the Transportation Worker Identification Creden- tial (TWIC). As the Senate considered reform of the U.S. immigration system, the Committee examined proposals to enhance border security. S. 744, the Senate’s immigration bill included some provisions related to border security. The Senate’s approach puts a heavy em- phasis on spending resources, with limited accountability or ability to measure outcomes of those applied resources. The Senate bill spends an additional $46 billion dollars to: Double the size of the Border Patrol; build additional miles of fence; and purchase new technology. H.R. 1417, the Committee’s bipartisan border security legislation, calls for a strategy and an implementation plan to be produced prior to the expenditure of additional resources. It also requires metrics to increase accountability, and applies a standard

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ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION Staff of the Committee met with representatives from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the U.S. Department of Agri- culture on January 27, and February 6, 2014, to discuss the screening and importation of plants and animals to protect against dangerous diseases and pathogens.

ABU DHABI PRE–CLEARANCE The Department of Homeland Security and the United Arab Emerites began bilateral negotiations in August 2012 to establish U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) Preclearance operations at Abu Dhabi International Airport. Preclearance operations would allow uniformed CBP officers to inspect and clear commercial passengers on foreign soil, prior to boarding an aircraft bound for the United States. Once cleared on foreign soil, passengers do not have to clear customs upon arrival to the United States. On January 9, 2014, the Members of the Full Committee received a classified briefing on the status of the pre–clearance program. Representatives from CBP and the Transportation Security Administration were present to respond to Member questions. From May 11 through 19, 2014, the Chair of the Full Committee led a Congressional Delegation to Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emir- ates to examine the CBP Preclearance facility.

HUMAN TRAFFICKING On March 20, 2014, the Committee on Homeland Security held a field hearing in Houston, Texas entitled ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ Testimony was received from Mr. Brian M. Moskowitz, Houston Special Agent in Charge, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Department of Home- land Security; Mr. Steve McCraw, Director, Texas Department of Public Safety; Sheriff Adrian Garcia, Sheriff’s Office, Harris Coun- ty, Texas; Ms. Ann Johnson, Assistant District Attorney, Office of the District Attorney, Harris County, Texas; Mr. Charles A. McClelland, Jr., Chief, Houston Police Department, Houston, Texas; Dr. Robert ‘‘Bob’’ Sanborn, President, Children At Risk; Reena Isaac, M.D., Assistant Professor, Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital; Ms. Cheryl Briggs, Found- er and Chief Executive Officer, Mission at Serenity Ranch; and Ms. Kathryn Griffin–Townsend, Founder, We’ve Been There Done That.

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UNACCOMPANIED CHILDREN On June 24, 2014, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Dan- gerous Passage: The Growing Problem of Unaccompanied Children Crossing the Border.’’ The Committee received testimony from The Honorable Jeh C. Johnson, Secretary, U.S. Department of Home- land Security; The Honorable W. Craig Fugate, Administrator, Fed- eral Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Department of Home- land Security; and Mr. Ronald D. Vitiello, Deputy Chief, U.S. Cus- toms and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- rity. The Committee continued its examination into unaccompanied children on July 3, 2014, with a field hearing in McAllen, Texas entitled ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccompanied Mi- nors.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Rick Perry, Governor, State of Texas; Mr. Kevin W. Oaks, Chief Patrol Agent, Rio Grande Valley Sector, Border Patrol, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Steven C. McCraw. Director, Texas Department of Public Safety; Mr. J. E. ‘‘Eddie’’ Guerra, Interim Sheriff, Sheriff’s Office, Hidalgo County, Texas; The Honorable Ramon Garcia, Hidalgo County Judge, Hi- dalgo County, Texas; and the Most Reverend Mark J. Seitz, Bishop, Catholic Diocese of El Paso, Texas, U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops While in McAllen, Texas, Members conducted a site visit to the Unaccompanied Alien Intake Center in McAllen, Texas and examined the processing of unaccompanied children apprehended by the Border Patrol. On September 9, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing from the DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis regarding their Unac- companied Alien Children threat assessment.

CARTELS On April 2, 2014, the Committee on Homeland Security held a hearing entitled ‘‘Taking Down the Cartels: Examining United States—Mexico Cooperation.’’ The Committee received testimony from Mr. James A. Dinkins, Executive Associate Director, Home- land Security Investigations, U.S. Immigrations and Customs En- forcement, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. John D. Feeley, Principal Deputy, Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs, U.S. Department of State; Mr. Christopher Wilson, Associate, Mex- ico Institute, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars; and Hon. Alan D. Bersin, Assistant Secretary of International Af- fairs and Chief Diplomatic Officer, Office of International Affairs, U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

VISITS TO THE BORDER Members of the Committee conducted a site visit to the South- west Border from August 3 through 6, 2013. The purpose of the site visit was to examine current border security conditions, including the maritime environment. Members experienced operations in the maritime domain, urban environment border security infrastructure, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operations, and border

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PROTECTING THE NATION’S CYBERSECURITY Other threats to our Nation do not cross our physical borders; they instead invade our digital networks. Cyberattacks are increasingly threatening the homeland. Countries steal our military and intelligence information; there are threats of cyber–warfare from terrorists, economic cyber attacks from the Islamic Republic of Iran and the People’s Republic of China; and, the possibility of an attack upon our critical infrastructure is a growing vulnerability. Despite these continuous and imminent threats, no major cybersecurity legislation has been enacted since 2002. The Secretary of Homeland Security was made responsible for ‘‘coordinating the overall national effort to enhance the protection of our critical infrastructure’’ when the Department itself was established. The National Infra- structure Protection Plan (NIPP) and Executive Order 13636, Im- proving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity, issued in February 2013, solidified the Department’s role as the lead Federal entity in protecting domestic critical infrastructure. Upon issuance of Executive Order 13636 and Presidential Policy Directive–21, Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience, the Committee received briefings on these documents from DHS. On March 13, 2013, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Cy- bersecurity: Roles and Responsibilities to Protect the Nation’s Crit- ical Infrastructure.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Jane Holl Lute, Deputy Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Anish B. Bhimani, Chairman, Financial Services In- formation Sharing and Analysis Center; Mr. Gary W. Hayes, Chief Information Officer, Centerpoint Energy; and Ms. Michelle Rich- ardson, Legislative Counsel, American Civil Liberties Union.

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CYBERSECURITY LEGISLATION The Committee has spent considerable time developing cybersecurity legislation. The House has passed several Committee cybersecurity bills after Members and staff held hundreds of stakeholder meetings with the Department and technology and privacy organizations to get their insights and perspectives. The Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection and Security Technologies held numerous hearings on Executive Order 13636, the National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center (NCCIC), the Cybersecurity Framework, sharing threat information while ensuring privacy and civil liberties, partnering with the privacy sector, and coordinating a cyber–incident response.

THE PATIENT PROTECTION AND AFFORDABLE CARE ACT As the Nation approached key Affordable Care Act milestones during 2013, the Committee raised security and privacy concerns prior to the problems healthcare.gov experiences when it went live in October. The Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection and Security Technologies held hearings in July and September on healthcare.gov and the Health Exchange Data Hub. On November 8, Committee staff also received a briefing from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and the Office of Cyber- security and Communications on the Department of Homeland Se- curity’s role in the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. On November 13, 2013, the Full Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Cyber Side–Effects: How Secure is the Per- sonal Information Entered into the Flawed Healthcare.gov?’’ The Committee received testimony from Ms. Roberta ‘‘Bobbie’’ Stempfley, Acting Assistant Secretary, Office of Cybersecurity and Communications, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Soraya Correa, Associate Director, Enterprise Services Direc- torate, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, U.S. Depart- ment of Homeland Security; Mr. Luke Chung, President, FMS, Inc.; and Mr. Waylon Krush, Chief Executive Officer, Lunarline, Inc. In preparation for this hearing, Committee staff met with stakeholders to discuss technical flaws with healthcare.gov.

AVIATION THREATS On July 9, 2014, Members of the Committee received a classified briefing on current aviation threats. Members were briefed from representatives from Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis and the Transportation Security Admin- istration. On June 20, 2014, Members of the Committee conducted a site visit to the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Head- quarters in Arlington, Virginia. Members participated in the Ad- ministrator’s Daily Intelligence Brief (ADIB). The ADIB is a 24–hour snapshot of transportation–related intelligence, comprised of TSA operational and Intelligence Community reporting. The ADIB also includes a 72–hour No–Fly/Selectee Re- view and highlights the number of firearms and other prohibited items found at checkpoints as well as number of arrests and check-

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DHS MANAGEMENT During the 113th Congress, the Committee actively monitored the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) management and operations to ensure that it is functioning efficiently and is accountable to the American people. The Committee met with DHS headquarters and many components to examine management practices in acquisition, financial management, information technology, human capital, and employee integrity. During the 113th Congress, the Department had to navigate the complex impacts of sequestration, a government shutdown, and significant senior leadership res- ignations. The Committee has been vocal about the need for key Department leadership positions to be filled. On February 26, 2014, the Committee on Homeland Security held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Secretary’s Vision for the Future— Challenges and Priorities.’’ Testimony was received from Hon. Jeh C. Johnson, Secretary, Department of Homeland Security.

DHS BUDGET REQUESTS FY 2014 Budget Request As part of the Committee’s oversight responsibilities, Committee staff reviewed the President’s budget request for the Department of Homeland Security for Fiscal Year 2014, and on April 18, 2013, the Full Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The President’s FY 2014 Budget Request for the Department of Homeland Security.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Janet Napolitano, Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Based on a Committee staff review of the President’s budget request for FY 2014 and testimony received, the Committee completed its Views and Estimates of the President’s budget request and submitted them to the House Budget Committee for its consideration. FY 2015 Budget Request On March 13, 2014, the Committee on Homeland Security held a hearing entitled ‘‘The President’s FY 2015 Budget Request for the Department of Homeland Security.’’ Testimony was received from Hon. Jeh C. Johnson, Secretary, Department of Homeland Security. Based on a Committee staff review of the President’s budget request for FY 2015 and testimony received, the Committee completed its Views and Estimates of the President’s budget request and submitted them to the House Budget Committee for its consideration.

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SENIOR LEADERSHIP VACANCIES On March 5, 2013, the Chair and Ranking Member sent a letter the President urging swift appointment of an Inspector General in the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). With over 40 percent of the senior leadership positions vacant, the Chair wrote an opinion editorial discussing DHS leadership vacancies that appeared in the Monday, November 11, 2013, edition of The Wall Street Jour- nal. On December 12, 2013, the Full Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Help Wanted at DHS: Implications of Leadership Vacancies on the Mission and Morale.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Tom J. Ridge, Former Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Max Stier, President and CEO, Partner- ship for Public Service; Mr. David C. Maurer, Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, Government Accountability Office; and Ms. Colleen M. Kelley, National President, The National Treasury Employees Union.

GAO’S HIGH RISK LIST In light of the Government Accountability Office’s (GAO) 2013 High–Risk report [GAO–13–283] which identified financial management within the Department as high risk, on February 20, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittees on Oversight and Management Efficiency, and Cybersecurity, Infra- structure Protection, and Security Technologies, sent a letter to DHS’s Chief Financial Officer regarding the Department’s financial management systems and efforts to obtain a clean audit opinion on its financial statements. The Department provided a response to this letter on March 8, 2013. On March 11, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from DHS’s Chief Financial Officer. The GAO issued its report DHS Financial Management: Additional Efforts Needed to Resolve Deficiencies in Internal Controls and Financial Management Systems on September 30, 2013, [GAO–13–561]. The report contained four recommendations for executive action. On July 8, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from DHS’s Chief Financial Officer regarding DHS’s efforts to modernize its financial systems. To further examine these issues, on November 15, 2013, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s Stewardship of Taxpayer Dollars.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Asif Khan, Director, Financial Management and Assurance, U.S. Government Accountability Office; and Ms. Anne L. Richards, Assistant Inspector General for Audits, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of the hearing was to examine relevant GAO and Inspector General findings on DHS financial practices, including steps to obtain a clean audit opinion and implement financial management systems. On May 7, 2014, the Committee on Homeland Security held a hearing entitled ‘‘Preventing Waste, Fraud, Abuse and Mismanage- ment in Homeland Security—A GAO High–Risk List Review.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Alejandro N. Mayorkas, Deputy Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Hon.

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ACQUISITION MANAGEMENT On August 1, 2013, the Undersecretary for Management, the Chief Procurement Officer, the Acting Chief Information Officer, and other senior officials from the Department of Homeland Secu- rity briefed Committee staff on the status of the Department’s acquisition management efforts. As a follow up, on September 19, 2013, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Out- comes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. Rafael Borras, Undersecretary for Management, Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Michele Mackin, Director, Government Account- ability Office; Ms. Anne L. Richards, Assistant Inspector General for Audits, DHS Office of the Inspector General; Mr. William C. Greenwalt, Visiting Fellow, American Enterprise Institute; Mr. Stan Soloway, President and CEO, Professional Services Coun- cil; and Mr. David Berteau, Senior Vice President, Center for Stra- tegic and International Studies. The purpose of the hearing was to examine DHS’s acquisition practices to determine if the Depart- ment is effectively implementing its policies and to assess whether DHS could leverage best practices and lessons learned from the De- partment of Defense and the private sector. On November 5, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee on Over- sight and Management Efficiency raised concerns, in a letter to the Department of Homeland Security’s Chief Procurement Officer, over the Department’s Enterprise Acquisition Gateway for Leading Edge Solutions II (EAGLE II) and requested additional information. The Department provided a written response on December 2, 2013.

DHS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY The Committee reviewed the authorities and activities of the De- partment of Homeland Security’s Chief Information Officer (CIO) to ensure the effective management and coordination of key IT systems planning, investment management, cloud computing, data consolidating, operations, policy development, and related personnel management. The Committee also examined component efforts—particularly U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and United States Customs and Immigration Services (USCIS)—to modernize and implement critical IT systems supporting Border Patrol agents and immigration officers. On February 21, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from the DHS Office of the Inspector General concerning their on-going IT Audits and IT management issues. Com- mittee staff also received briefings from various DHS Officials, including: The DHS Chief Information Officer; the USCIS Chief In- formation Officer; and the ICE Chief Information Officer. The Com- mittee reviewed the Department’s efforts to address information technology (IT) challenges, including the management and integra-

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QUADRENNIAL HOMELAND SECURITY REVIEW On November 15, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittees sent a letter to the Acting Secretary to ensure the second Quadrennial Homeland Security Review (QHSR) addresses critical homeland security issues and relevant recommendations. During the second session, the Committee examined the second QHSR, which set the priorities and direction of the Department for the coming years.

DHS FIELD EFFICIENCIES The Committee is currently conducting a review of the Depart- ment of Homeland Security’s (DHS) regional and field office structure and spending to assess whether the Department has worked to find cost savings by consolidating DHS field locations. Such efficiencies could include co-location of component offices, shared services, bulk purchasing, and related efforts which offer the potential to strengthen operational collaboration between the agencies and to

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FIRST RESPONDERS On June 18, 2014, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Critical Role of First Responders: Sharing Lessons Learned from Past Attacks.’’ The Committee received testimony from Deputy Commissioner John Miller, Intelligence and Counterterrorism, New York City Police Department, New York City, New York; Chief James H. Schwartz, Arlington County Fire Department, Arlington, Virginia; Chief James Hooley, Boston Emergency Medical Services; and Dr. Brian A. Jackson, Director, The RAND Safety and Justice Program, The RAND Corporation.

EBOLA Throughout the Summer and Fall of 2014 Committee staff attended a number of briefings and participated in a number of conference calls about the response to the Ebola outbreak in West Af- rica and efforts to stop the spread of the disease to the United States. On September 16, 2014, the Chair of the Full Committee sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security requesting information about actions taken by U.S. Customs and Border Protection at ports of entry to protect against the spread of Ebola in the United States. The first case of Ebola was diagnosed in Dallas, Texas on Sep- tember 30, 2014. Subsequent to this diagnosis, on October 10, 2014, the Committee held a field hearing in Dallas, Texas, entitled ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Importance of Effective International, Federal, State and Local Coordination.’’ The Committee received testimony from Dr. Toby Merlin, Director, Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infection, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Pre- vention; Kathryn Brinsfield, MD, MPH, FACEP, Acting Assistant Secretary and Chief Medical Officer, Office of Health Affairs, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. John P. Wagner, Acting Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Dr. David L. Lakey, Commissioner of Health, Department of State Health Services, State of Texas; Dr. Brett P. Giroir, Executive Vice President and CEO, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Director, Texas Task Force on Infectious Disease Preparedness and Response; Hon. Clay Lewis Jenkins, Judge, Dal- las County, Texas; and Catherine L. Troisi, Ph.D., Associate Pro- fessor, Division of Management, Policy, and Community Health, Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas. At this hearing, key Federal and State offices discussed the efforts that

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CODELS From January 18 through 23, 2014, the Chair of the Committee led a Congressional Delegation to the Russian Federation. The trip focused on the security situation surrounding the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russian Federation. From May 11 through 19, 2014, the Chair of the Committee led a Congressional Delegation to the Republic of Turkey, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The purpose of the trip was to examine the evolving security threats to the homeland; border security issues with other countries to determine best practices which can be applied to U.S. borders; preclearance issues related to the Transportation Security Administration; refugee issues; and the health and welfare of U.S. military and diplomatic service personnel overseas. From May 31 through June 8, 2014, the Chair of the Sub- committee on Oversight and Management Efficiency led a Congres- sional Delegation to the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of Bel- gium, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ire- land. The purpose of the trip was to educate key Congressional Members on homeland security efforts and cooperation in the U.S. European Command area of operations. The trip focused on bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the areas of border security, counterterrorism, and aviation and supply chain security.

EXECUTIVE ACTION ON IMMIGRATION On December 2, 2014, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Open Borders: The Impact of Presidential Amnesty on Border Se- curity.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Jeh C. John- son, Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

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FULL COMMITTEE HEARINGS HELD ‘‘A New Perspective on Threats to the Homeland.’’ February 13, 2013. (Serial No. 113–1) ‘‘DHS Cybersecurity: Roles and Responsibilities to Protect the Na- tion’s Critical Infrastructure.’’ March 6, 2013. (Serial No. 113– 4) ‘‘The President’s FY 2014 Budget Request for the Department of Homeland Security.’’ April 18, 2013. (Serial No. 113–11) ‘‘The Boston Bombings: A First Look.’’ May 9, 2013. (Serial No. 113–16) ‘‘Assessing Attacks on the Homeland: From Fort Hood to Boston.’’ July 10 and 11, 2013. (Serial No. 113–16) ‘‘Crisis in Syria: Implications for Homeland Security.’’ September 10, 2013. (Serial No. 113–32) ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners Joining Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ October 9, 2013. (Serial No. 113–38) ‘‘Cyber Side–Effects: How Secure is the Personal Information En- tered into the Flawed Healthcare.gov?’’ November 13, 2013. (Se- rial No. 113–41) ‘‘Help Wanted at DHS: Implications of Leadership Vacancies on the Mission and Morale.’’ December 12, 2013. (Serial No. 113–46) ‘‘A False Narrative Endangers the Homeland.’’ January 15, 2014. (Serial No. 113–47) ‘‘The Secretary’s Vision for the Future – Challenges and Priorities.’’ February 26, 2014. (Serial No. 113–53) ‘‘The President’s FY 2015 Budget Request for the Department of Homeland Security.’’ March 13, 2014. (Serial No. 113–56) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities’’ March 20, 2014. Field hearing in Houston, Texas. (Serial No. 113–57) ‘‘Taking Down the Cartels: Examining United States–Mexico Co- operation.’’ April 2, 2014. (Serial No. 113–60) ‘‘The Boston Marathon Bombings, One Year On: A Look Back to Look Forward.’’ April 9, 2014. (Serial No. 113–64) ‘‘Preventing Waste, Fraud, Abuse and Mismanagement in Home- land Security—A GAO High–Risk List Review.’’ May 7, 2014. (Serial No. 113–67) ‘‘The Critical Role of First Responders: Sharing Lessons Learned from Past Attacks.’’ June 18, 2014. (Serial No. 113–71) ‘‘Dangerous Passage: The Growing Problem of Unaccompanied Chil- dren Crossing the Border’’ June 24, 2014. (Serial No. 113–74) ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccompanied Minors’’ July 3, 2014. Field hearing in McAllen, Texas. (Serial No. 113–74) ‘‘The Rising Terrorist Threat and the Unfulfilled 9/11 Rec- ommendation’’ July 23, 2014. (Serial No. 113–79) ‘‘Worldwide Threats to the Homeland.’’ September 17, 2014. (Serial No. 113–85) ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Importance of Effective International, Federal, State and Local Coordination.’’ October 10, 2014. Field hearing in Dallas, Texas (Serial No. 113–87) ‘‘Open Borders: The Impact of Presidential Amnesty on Border Secu- rity.’’ December 2, 2014. (Serial No. 113–1)

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PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, LORETTA SANCHEZ,California Vice Chair WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi CURTIS CLAWSON,Florida (ex officio) MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio)

During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Counterter- rorism and Intelligence held nine hearings, receiving testimony from 32 witnesses.

LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00085 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 80 Furthermore, the act requires DHS to share information and provide tailored analytical support on these threats to state, local, and tribal authorities as well as other national biosecurity and biodefense stakeholders. H.R. 1542 requires coordination within the Department and with the Intelligence Community, Federal, State, local, and Tribal authorities where appropriate. The act further directs the Secretary of DHS to report annually on: (1) Intelligence and information sharing activities to counter the threat from weapons of mass destruction, and (2) DHS’s activities in accordance with relevant intelligence strategies. Legislative History 112th Congress H.R. 2764 was introduced in the House on August 1, 2011, by Mr. Meehan, Ms. Speier, Mr. Pascrell, Mr. Marino, Mr. King of New York, and Mr. Rogers of Alabama, and referred to the Com- mittee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 2764 was referred to the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intel- ligence. The Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence considered H.R. 2764 on November 15, 2011, and ordered the measure to be reported to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, without amendment, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 2764 on March 28, 2012, and ordered the measure to be favorably reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 2764 to the House on May 8, 2012, as H. Rpt. 112–466. The House considered H.R. 2764 on May 30, 2012, under Sus- pension of the Rules, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 2764 was received in the Senate on June 4, 2012, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. 113th Congress H.R. 1542 was introduced in the House on April 24, 2013, by Mr. Meehan, Ms. Speier, Mr. McCaul, Mr. King of New York, and Mr. Higgins, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1542 was referred to the Sub- committee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence. The House considered H.R. 1542 on July 22, 2013, under Sus- pension of the Rules and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 record vote of 388 yeas and 3 nays, (Roll No. 375). H.R. 1542 was received in the Senate on July 23, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

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OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

U.S. COUNTERTERRORISM STRATEGY The Subcommittee continued its review of homeland security and counterterrorism efforts across the Federal Government to counter the threat from al–Qaeda and other terrorist networks. The Committee conducted a series of meetings, briefings, and site visits to review U.S. counterterrorism efforts aimed at disrupting and reducing threats to the U.S. homeland from al–Qaeda and other Islamic terror groups. On May 21, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from New York City, New York (NYC) to discuss on-going counterterrorism activities and coordination efforts between NYC and the Depart- ment of Homeland Security. On June 4, 2013, Committee staff met with former U.S. Govern- ment intelligence officials regarding counterterrorism strategies, as well as current and potential future terror threats. On July 30, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the Department of Homeland Security, Office of Bombing Prevention to discuss their role and capability in providing training and information to State and local law enforcement regarding identifying and disabling improvised explosive devices (IEDs). The tragic events of April 15, 2013, where terrorists exploded two IEDs at the Boston Marathon, as well as the growing use of vehicle–born improvised explosive devices, highlight the need for the Nation to increase efforts to detect and disable these devices. On September 10, 2013, Committee staff attended a conference hosted by the American Enterprise Institute on the current capabilities of al–Qaeda and what changes are necessary to the current counterterror strategies moving forward. On October 28, 2013, Committee staff received a classified briefing from Department of Homeland Security officials regarding the Department’s roles and responsibilities related to terrorism detainees held at Naval Station at Guanta´namo Bay, Cuba. On January 15, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified, Member–only, briefing on the growing terrorist threat in Africa and the threat to the Homeland and U.S. interests. Rep- resentatives from the Department of Defense and the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) briefed Members on growing terror safe havens throughout Africa, and U.S. Government efforts to defeat or disrupt terrorist networks across the continent. From the September 2013, Westgate Mall attack in Nairobi, the growth of an al Qaeda–linked network in Mali, and frequent attacks on churches in Nigeria, terrorist networks in Africa are a threat to U.S. interests in the region and potentially the U.S. Homeland. The Subcommittee has continued regular oversight over the Ad- ministration’s counterterrorism strategy related to al Qaeda Core, al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, al Nusrah Front, the growth of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), as well as other Is- lamic jihadist groups. Members and staff have attended briefings and have held numerous hearings on the threat to the Homeland.

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THREATS TO THE U.S. HOMELAND FROM AL–QAEDA The Committee has examined the continued threat to the U.S. homeland from: Al Qaeda core; al–Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP); al–Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM); and other emerging allied and affiliated organizations. The Committee receives regular classified briefings from the Department of Home- land Security, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the National Counterterrorism Center regarding on-going threats to the Home- land by al–Qaeda and affiliated terror groups. On May 22, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘As- sessing the Threat to the Homeland from al–Qaeda Operations in Iran and Syria.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Seth G. Jones, Ph.D., Associate Director, International Security and De- fense Policy Center, The RAND Corporation; Mr. Robin Simcox, Research Fellow, The Henry Jackson Society; Mr. Thomas Joscelyn, Senior Fellow, Foundation for the Defense of Democ- racies; and Mr. Barak Barfi, Research Fellow, New America Foun- dation. In preparation for the May 22nd hearing, Committee staff met with a number of outside experts on the situation in the Syrian Arab Republic and potential threats to the Nation. These meetings included: The Institute of the Study of War on May 8, 2013; the RAND Corporation on May 10, 2013; and the Henry Jackson Soci- ety on May 14, 2013. On June 27, 2013, Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing on terror threats to the Homeland. Members were briefed by representatives from the Department of Homeland Secu- rity Office of Intelligence and Analysis. The Subcommittee conducted oversight after an al–Qaeda–linked threat report in August 2013, lead to the closure of nearly two– dozen U.S. Embassies across the Middle East and North Africa for approximately one week with the U.S. Embassy in Sanaa, the Yem- eni Republic remaining closed for two weeks. Committee staff met with numerous Government and private sector experts on the threat information and the relationship between al–Qaeda senior leadership and the affiliate organizations, particularly AQAP. On September 18, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Understanding the Threat to the Homeland from AQAP.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Frank J. Cilluffo, Asso- ciate Vice President, Director, Homeland Security Policy Institute and Co–Director, Cyber Center for National and Economic Secu- rity, The George Washington University; Ms. Katherine Zimmer- man, Senior Analyst, Critical Threats Project, The American Enter- prise Institute; and Mr. Brian Katulis, Senior Fellow, Center for American Progress. On March 19, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the private sector regarding security in Yemen and progress made securing the supply chain for shipments of Liquefied Natural Gas to the United States.

AL QAEDA IN THE SINAI On October 21 and 22, 2013, Committee staff met with experts from the Washington Institute for Near East Policy on the presence

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MUMBAI–STYLE ATTACKS AND LASHKAR–E–TAIBA On June 12, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Protecting the Homeland Against Mumbai–Style Attacks and the Threat from Lashkar–e–Taiba.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Joseph W. Pfeifer, Chief, Counterterrorism and Emergency Preparedness, Fire Department of New York, New York City, State of New York; C. Christine Fair, Ph.D., Assistant Pro- fessor, Georgetown University, Security Studies Program in the Edumnd A. Walsh School of Foreign Service; Stephen Tankel, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, American University and Nonresident Scholar, South Asia Program, Carnegie Endowment for Inter- national Peace; and Jonah Blank, Ph.D., Senior Political Analyst, The RAND Corporation. In preparation for the June 12th hearing, Committee staff met with a number of outside experts regarding the capability and intentions of Lashkar–e–Taiba (LeT). Additionally, the Committee staff received a classified briefing on June 5, 2013, and met with representatives from the Combating Terrorism Center at West Point U.S. Military Academy regarding the threat to the homeland posed by LeT.

AL–SHABAAB The Subcommittee continued its review of the terror threat posed by Somali–based al–Shabaab. On September 21, 2013, terrorists entered the Westgate mall in Nairobi, the Republic of Kenya and killed almost 70 and injured over 200 people during a four–day period. Al–Shabaab has claimed responsibility for the attack. On September 30, 2013, Committee staff met with an expert from the Atlantic Council regarding threats from al–Shabaab and lessons learned regarding the intentions and capability from the group after the Westgate Mall terror attack.

BOKO HARAM The Subcommittee has conducted extensive oversight over the Nigerian terror group Boko Haram and the U.S. process for designating foreign terrorist organizations (FTO).

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00089 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 84 On September 13, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee, and the Subcommittees on Counterterrorism and Intelligence, and Cy- bersecurity, Infrastructure Protection and Security Technologies, sent an oversight letter to the Department of State urging the De- partment to move forward with a FTO designation for Boko Haram and Ansar al Sharia, a splinter group. On September 11, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the Department of Defense’s African Command regarding capabilities and threats to the Nation from Boko Haram. On September 13, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence, and the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Se- curity Technologies released a report on the growing threat to the homeland from Boko Haram. The Members shared a copy of the report in a letter to the Secretary of State. On September 30, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee and the Chair of the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, requested the Government Accountability Office conduct a review of the FTO designation process. The Department of State designated Boko Haram as an FTO on November 13, 2013. In April 2014, members of Boko Haram kidnapped over 200 girls attending school in northeastern Nigeria. The crime resulted in international condemnation and highlights the brutal activities the group endorses. On October 15, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from legal and non–profit organizations regarding the kidnapped Nigerian girls and efforts to locate them.

THREAT TO THE HOMELAND FROM IRAN AND HEZBOLLAH In February 2013, Committee staff met with a number of individuals from the Lebanese–American community to discuss the capability and threat posed by Hezbollah to the U.S. Homeland. On May 22, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘As- sessing the Threat to the Homeland from al–Qaeda Operations in Iran and Syria.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Seth G. Jones, Ph.D., Associate Director, International Security and De- fense Policy Center; Mr. Robin Simcox, Research Fellow, The Henry Jackson Society; Mr. Thomas Joscelyn, Senior Fellow, Foun- dation for the Defense of Democracies; and Mr. Barak Barfi, Re- search Fellow, New America Foundation. In preparation for the May 22nd hearing, Committee staff met with a number of outside experts on the situation in Syria and potential threats to the U.S. Homeland. These meetings include the Institute of the Study of War on May 8, 2013, the RAND Corpora- tion on May 10, 2013, and the Henry Jackson Society on May 14, 2013. On January 6, 2014, Committee staff received a classified briefing from the Department of Homeland Security Office of Intel- ligence and Analysis regarding Iran.

HOMEGROWN TERRORIST THREAT The Subcommittee continued oversight regarding the threat from homegrown extremists. On May 6, 2013, Committee staff met with

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ECONOMIC THREATS The Subcommittee conducted oversight regarding the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) process, including review of a proposal by a state–owned foreign company to build a factory in the United States. Committee staff met with officials from CFIUS and the Intelligence Community, as well as representatives from the state where the factory was under consideration. On April 9, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the De- partment of Treasury and the Department of Homeland Security regarding CFIUS and the process by which national security concerns and intelligence information is incorporated into each review. From the meeting, Committee staff determined that DHS was not providing the Committee with notifications of covered transactions that were reviewed where DHS served as a lead agency. Per the

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TERRORIST TRAVEL On January 17, 2013, Committee staff conducted a conference call with Department of Homeland Security personnel stationed overseas regarding the Visa Security Program and counterterrorism concerns. On February 25, 2013, Committee staff met with Department of Homeland Security personnel from U.S. Customs and Border Pro- tection (CBP) regarding their databases used to track travel into and out of the United States, as well as CBP’s policies and procedures for creating and removing terrorist alerts. On February 28, 2014, Committee staff attended a classified demonstration at the Department of Homeland Security Office of Intelligence and Analysis regarding current and future vetting capability for high–risk travelers, including potential foreign fighters seeking to join jihadist groups overseas. On July 24, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Jihadist Safe Havens: Efforts to Detect and Deter Terrorist Trav- el.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Dr. Fred Kagan, Director, Critical Threats Project, American Enterprise Institute; Mr. Robin Simcox, Research Fellow, The Henry Jackson Society; Dr. Peter Brookes, Senior Fellow, National Security Affairs, Davis Institute for National Security and Foreign Policy, The Heritage Foundation; and Seth G. Jones, Ph.D., Director, International Secu- rity and Defense Policy Center, The Rand Corporation. On September 18, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing from officials with the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), Fed- eral Buearu of Investigation (FBI), and the Department of Home- land Security Office of Intelligence and Analysis regarding efforts to improve collection and information sharing regarding foreign fighters traveling to Iraq and Syria to join jihadist groups. On October 15, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing from officials from U.S. Customs and Border Patrol regarding the Pre–Ad- judicated Threat Recognition Intelligence Operations Team (PA- TRIOT). The PATRIOT initiative is an automated screening of visa application information against DHS holdings prior to interview. From October 23 through 31, 2014, Committee staff traveled on a Staff Delegation to Turkey, Greece, and Italy to examine the threat posed by foreign fighters in Syria and the capability of regional partners and Executive Branch agencies to mitigate the threat.

TERROR FINANCE On January 17, 2013, Committee staff met with personnel from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) regarding past and current IRS investigations into terror finance cases. The meeting included an

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COUNTERINTELLIGENCE PROGRAMS On March 28, 2013, Committee staff met with the Defense Secu- rity Service within the Department of Defense regarding their annual classified trends analysis on counterintelligence threats across the Federal Government, including the Department of Homeland Security. This session provided staff with information on several individuals who have damaged National security or committed tragic acts of violence, emphasizing the need for reforms and rigorous oversight over the security clearance process and programs to detect insider threats. In May 2013, Edward Snowden, a contractor with the National Security Agency, fled the U.S. to Hong Kong and later to the Russian Federation leaking a large amount of information on classified surveillance programs. On September 16, 2013, Aaron Alexis, a contractor with the Navy shot his way into the Washington DC. Navy Yard and killed 12 people. Both of these individuals were vetted, trusted U.S. security professionals who abused that trust and committed heinous acts. The Department of Homeland Security has over 120,000 employees holding security clearances. The Subcommittee conducted oversight over the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and Fed- eral processes for investigating and adjudicating security clearances. On September 27, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from the DHS Office of Security on the Department’s process for requesting and adjudicating security clearances and suitability checks for employees, and how the Office coordinates with Depart- ment component agencies. On October 28, 2013, Committee staff received a classified briefing from the DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis on their counterintelligence program. On October 24, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) Assistant Commis- sioner for Internal Affairs regarding CBP programs. The briefing provided staff with information as to how the Department determines the suitability of employees, adjudicates security clearances, and manages the polygraph program.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00093 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 88 On November 1, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the Government Accountability Office regarding vulnerabilities in the security clearance process. On November 12, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from a private company with contracts to conduct security clearance background investigations for the Office of Personnel Management and DHS. On November 13, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Insider Threat to Homeland Security: Examining Our Nation’s Security Clearance Processes.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Merton W. Miller, Associate Director of Inves- tigations, Federal Investigative Services, U.S. Office of Personnel Management; Mr. Gregory Marshall, Chief Security Officer, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Brian Prioletti, Assistant Director, Special Security Directorate, National Counterintelligence Executive, Office of Director of National Intelligence; and Ms. Brenda S. Farrell, Director, Defense Capabilities and Manage- ment, Military and DOD Civilian Personnel Issues, U.S. Govern- ment Accountability Office. On March 19; June 6, 9, and 24; and July 31, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from the private sector regarding capability and best practices for continuous monitoring programs to detect potential insider threats. On April 7, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the DHS Office of Security regarding their FY 2015 budget request and to receive an update on efforts to enhance the DHS insider threat program. On April 22, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the DHS Office of Security and the Office of Intelligence and Analysis to receive an update on their insider threat detection and prevention activities. On June 3, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the De- partment of Defense (DOD) Defense Security Service (DSS) regarding their annual counterintelligence report. On June 3, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the U.S. Coast Guard regarding their insider threat and counterintelligence programs. On July 17, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the Federal Bureau of Investigation regarding their insider threat program. On October 16, 2014, Committee staff met with the DHS Office of Security and the Office of Intelligence and Analysis regarding on-going insider threat activities and plans under consideration to restructure DHS insider threat and counterintelligence efforts.

HOMELAND THREAT FROM A CBRN ATTACK On March 5, 2013, Committee staff received a classified briefing from the Federal Bureau of Investigation regarding the threat weapons of mass destruction pose to the Nation. On April 12, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) to examine their FY 2014 budget request.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00094 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 89 On April 25, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Counterterrorism Efforts to Combat a Chemical, Biological, Radio- logical, and Nuclear (CBRN) Attack on the Homeland.’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from Mr. Richard Daddario, Deputy Commissioner for Counterterrorism, New York City Police Depart- ment; Dr. Huban A. Gowadia, Acting Director, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Scott McAllister, Deputy Under Secretary, State and Local Program Offi- cer, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, U.S. Department of Home- land Security; and Dr. Leonard Cole, Terror Medicine and Security, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School. On May 16, 2013, Committee staff met with experts from Sandia National Laboratories regarding the threat from biological pathogens and the threat to the Homeland. The Subcommittee discharged H.R. 1542, the WMD Intelligence and Information Sharing Act of 2013, legislation designed to address the issue of CBRN attacks. This bill passed the House on July 22, 2013, for further information, see the discussion of this measure listed above. On September 6, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from the Bipartisan Policy Center regarding a new report on emerging threats. On July 14, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the DHS Science and Technology Directorate regarding the development of threat assessments for biological and chemical attacks, as well as the Integrated Terrorism Risk Assessment (ITRA).

HOMELAND SECURITY INTELLIGENCE ENTERPRISE The Subcommittee conducted oversight over the Department of Homeland Security Intelligence Enterprise (DHS IE) to evaluate the capability, functions, and information sharing between all DHS component intelligence entities. This included multiple briefings with officials from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Of- fice of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A) to examine the structure, mission, and capability of the office, as well as I&As role in coordinating intelligence within DHS and State and local law enforcement. Additionally, Committee staff met with component intelligence offices. On March 22, 2013, Committee staff received a classified briefing with officials from I&A regarding the DHS Intelligence Enterprise and how intelligence analysis responsibilities are divided between components of the Department. On April 12, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from I&A and the Office of Operations regarding their FY 2014 budget request and the mission, resources, and capabilities of their respective offices. On May 17, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) regarding the capabilities and policies related to the primary database used by CBP to track travel in and out of the U.S. and identifying potential terrorists.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00095 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 90 On June 6, 2013, Committee staff received a classified briefing from officials at the National Counterterrorism Center regarding terrorist watchlisting protocols and information sharing. On July 12, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from the Government Accountability Office regarding a Committee requested report on the DHS IE. On July 16, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement regarding the agency’s analytic framework for intelligence. On July 17, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the Federal Bureau of Investigation regarding the network of Joint Terrorism Task Forces. On December 11, 2013, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the President of the United States urging him to move forward with nominating an Under Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis at DHS. The position had been vacant for over a year. The White House announced the nomination of General Frank Taylor to fill the position on February 12, 2014. General Taylor was confirmed on April 14, 2014. On January 16, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from I&A regarding the FY 2014 Program of Analysis, which describes analytic priorities and planned products for the fiscal year. On Feb- ruary 26, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Full Com- mittee and the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security expressing support for the improvements made to the Program of Analysis com- pared to past versions and expressing concern that more needs to be done to integrate DHS components into the Program of Analysis process. The Secretary responded on April 21, 2014. On January 27, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing from I&A regarding the agency’s structure, capability, primary missions and relationship with the other DHS component agencies. On February 27, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) Office of Intelligence regarding their capability, functions, and coordination with other DHS intelligence components. On March 10, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from I&A and the Office of Operations regarding their FY 2015 budget request, to include a discussion of funding programs within the Homeland Security Intelligence Program account. On June 13, 2014, Committee staff participated in a site visit at I&A to meet with the newly–confirmed Undersecretary and each main I&A division to receive updates on the I&A workforce, counterintelligence programs, analytic plans and programs, support to fusion centers, and other mission areas. Committee staff participated in a follow up site visit on September 29, 2014 to receive a threat briefing and updates each I&A divisions on their current capabilities and enhancement plans.

INFORMATION SHARING The Subcommittee conducted extensive oversight over information sharing between Federal, State, and local law enforcement.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00096 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 91 On March 28, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the National Fusion Center Association. On April 15, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the Department of Homeland Security regarding the National Network of Fusion Centers. On May 17, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from the Government Accountability Office regarding their on-going work reviewing information sharing and counterterrorism activities between the Joint Terrorism Task Forces and Fusion Centers. On June 17, 2013, Committee staff met with the Director of Analysis for the Office of Intelligence and Analysis within the De- partment of Homeland Security to receive a briefing on the size and mission of the office. The briefing included an overview of new intelligence products and information sharing efforts with State and local law enforcement. On June 26, 2013, the Subcommittee held a classified threat briefing for Members on terror threats to the Homeland. Rep- resentatives from the Department of Homeland Security, Office of Intelligence and Analysis provided the threat briefing and an overview of the analytical products produced by their office, as well as discussed the process by which threat information is shared with State and local law enforcement officials. On July 26, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Sub- committee released a Subcommittee Staff Report entitled ‘‘The Na- tional Network of Fusion Centers,’’ detailing the Committee’s findings and recommendations developed from a comprehensive study of fusions centers across the country. In developing the report, Committee staff conducted numerous briefings and site visits with Fusion Centers, the Department of Homeland Security, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and other entities. On September 25, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the Department of Homeland Security regarding the 2012 National Network of Fusion Centers Assessment. On November 14, 2013, Committee staff met with Federal, State, and local law enforcement regarding security measures and information sharing efforts in advance of Super Bowl XLVIII, played on February 2, 2014. On December 19, 2013, Committee staff met with officials from the Department of Homeland Security Office of Intelligence and Analysis and officials from the Federal Bureau of Investigation regarding the Nationwide Suspicious Activity Reporting Initiative (NSI). On January 23, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the Federal Bureau of Investigation regarding how Suspicious Activity Reports have enhanced counterterrorism cases. On January 24, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s office regarding the use of homeland security grants to enhance intelligence and information sharing activities. On May 2, 2014, Committee staff conducted a site visit at the Washington Regional Threat Analysis Center (WRTAC), which is the fusion center for Washington DC. Staff received an overview of the operation and discussed cooperation with the DHS and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00097 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 92 On June 20, 2014, Committee staff participated in a demo at DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis regarding the Homeland Security Information Network (HSIN), used to share sensitive information with State and local law enforcement. On June 25, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the National Fusion Center Association regarding the development of National Mission Cells. On July 21, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the National Fusion Center Association regarding the release of the National Strategy for the National Network of Fusion Centers. The strategy was developed based off a recommendation found in the Committee’s report on the National Network of Fusion Centers. On August 26, 2014, Committee staff met with DHS I&A regarding the Fusion Center Assessment for 2013. Staff received an overview of the landscape of the National Network. This annual assessment portrayed that the National Network of Fusion Centers continues to build and sustain core capabilities. The National Network average overall score was 91.7 out of 100. On September 26, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Full Committee and the Chair and Ranking Member of the Sub- committee sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of Defense expressing support for a recently signed Memorandum of Understanding between the Departments to increase classified information shared with appropriately cleared State and local law enforcement. From September 11 through 13, 2014, Committee staff conducted a site visit to the Austin Regional Intelligence Center to examine information sharing between federal agencies and state and local partners at Fusion Centers, and JTTFs. From August 18 through 20, 2014, Committee staff conducted a site visit to the Boston Regional Intelligence Center and the Massa- chusetts State Police Headquarters to examine information sharing between federal agencies and state and local partners at Fusion Centers and JTTFs. On October 8, 2014, Chair and Ranking Member of the Full Committee and Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to Under Secretary Taylor questioning the Depart- ment’s ability to share information between Department’s components and the National Network of Fusion Centers. On November 7, 2014, Committee staff spoke on a Congressional panel at the National Fusion Center Association Training Event in Alexandria, Virginia. Staff talked about the current role Congress plays in information sharing between Federal, State, and local partners.

MASS GATHERING SECURITY On May 6, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the De- partment of Homeland Security SAFETY Act Office regarding the process for large sports venues and facilities to apply for SAFETY Act designation and how threat information is incorporated into the process.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00098 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 93 On August 13, 2014, Committee staff met with the Chief of the University of Texas at Austin Police Department to discuss security at special events and large gatherings, as well as the Safety Act. On August 21, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the DHS National Protection and Programs Directorate regarding their programs, guidance, and information sharing related to mass gathering security. On August 22, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the DHS Office of Public Affairs regarding the See Something Say Something campaign to discuss how the program is utilized to increase awareness at mass gathering events and what additional steps are being taken to increase participation. On September 4, 2014, Committee staff conducted a site visit with the Director of Security for the Washington Nationals’ Base- ball team at Nationals Park to discuss mass gathering security information sharing and mitigation efforts. On October 6, 2014, Committee staff received an update briefing from the DHS SAFETY Act Office regarding how sports teams and large venues are able to utilize the program.

NATIONAL SECURITY LEAKS Following up on a Committee investigation into the homeland security impacts of national security leaks that began in the 112th Congress, the Subcommittee held numerous briefings and oversight letters. This includes February 13, 2013 and a June 18, 2013 meetings with the Department of Defense Inspector General’s Office regarding their review of Department policies and procedures for working with the media and movie producers. On August 11, 2014, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Attorney General raising concerns about on-going national security leaks within the Administration and requesting the De- partment of Justice open an investigation into a recent leak resulting in the disclosure of classified national security documents to a media organization.

FOREIGN TERRORIST ORGANIZATION DESIGNATIONS Throughout the 113th Congress, the Committee conducted oversight over the Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) designation process managed by the Department of State with assistance from other Federal agencies, including the Department of Homeland Se- curity. On September 11, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Secretary of State expressing concern that the al Qaeda–linked group known as Ansar al–Sharia, responsible for the attack on U.S. facilities and the deaths of four Americans, had not yet been designated a FTO. The Department of State officially designated Ansar al–Sharia as a FTO on January 10, 2014. On June 19, 2014, the Chairman of the Full Committee and the Chairman of the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence sent a letter to the Secretary of State requesting an investigation to determine if the Iraqi Shiite militant group Asaib Ahl al–Haq should be designated a FTO. The Department of State responded on July 23, 2014.

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AL QAEDA IN EGYPT On February 11, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Al Qaeda’s Expansion in Egypt: Implications for U.S. Homeland Security.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Dr. Steven A. Cook, Senior Fellow, Middle Eastern Studies, Council on Foreign Relations; Mr. Thomas Joscelyn, Senior Fellow, Foundation for the Defense of Democracies; and Mr. Mohamed Elmenshawy, Resident Scholar at the Middle East Institute. In preparation for the hearing, Committee staff meet with representatives from the Egyptian and Israeli Embassies in Wash- ington DC., as well as a number of national security and foreign policy experts.

FY 2015 BUDGET REQUEST On March 12, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing on the Department of Homeland Security’s Fis- cal Year Budget Request for the Office of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A). In preparation for the briefing, on March 10, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from I&A regarding their FY 2015 classified budget request, to include a discussion of funding programs within the Homeland Security Intelligence Program account. On April 7, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from the De- partment of Homeland Security Office of Security regarding their FY 2015 budget request.

TERRORISM IN THE CAUCASUS’ On April 3, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘As- sessing Terrorism in the Caucasus and the Threat to the Home- land.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Gordon M. Hahn, Ph.D., Analyst and Advisory Board member, Geostrategic Forecasting Corporation; Mr. William F. Roggio, Senior Fellow, Foundation for Defense of Democracies; and Andrew C. Kuchins, Ph.D., Director and Senior Fellow, Russia and Eurasia Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies. In preparation for the hearing, Committee staff met with numerous national security experts and academics regarding terrorism and jihadist–linked groups in the Caucasus’ and the potential threat to the Homeland. Committee staff also met with representatives from the Embassy of Georgia on March 28, 2014, to discuss counterterrorism threats in the region.

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ACTIVE SHOOTER SCENARIOS On May 21, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified Member–only briefing on the threat posed by active shooters, and DHS policies and training for such scenarios. In preparation for the hearing, Committee staff received a briefing with the Department of Homeland Security Office of Intel- ligence and Analysis regarding potential cyber threats posed by vendors and mitigation opportunities. On August 19, 2014, Committee staff participated in a site visit to the DHS National Cybersecurity and Communications Integra- tion Center to learn about DHS’ efforts in cybersecurity to build resiliency within the private sector.

NSSE SECURITY From September 21 through 23, 2014, Committee staff attended a Staff Delegation hosted by the U.S. Secret Service (USSS) in New York, New York during the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). Staff received briefings on National Special Security Event planning, USSS protection procedures, cyber security threats, and DHS coordination of assets for UNGA.

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS HELD ‘‘Counterterrorism Efforts to Combat a Chemical, Biological, Radio- logical, and Nuclear (CBRN) Attack on the Homeland.’’ March 23, 2013. (Serial No. 113–12) ‘‘Assessing the Threat to the Homeland from al Qaeda Operations in Iran and Syria.’’ May 22, 2013. (Serial No. 113–19) ‘‘Protecting the Homeland Against Mumbai–Style Attacks and the Threat from Lashkar–e–Taiba.’’ June 12, 2013. (Serial No. 113– 21) ‘‘Understanding the Threat to the Homeland from AQAP.’’ Sep- tember 18, 2013. (Serial No. 113–34) ‘‘The Insider Threat to Homeland Security: Examining Our Nation’s Security Clearance Processes.’’ November 13, 2013. (Serial No. 113–42) ‘‘Al Qaeda’s Expansion in Egypt: Implications for U.S. Homeland Security.’’ February 11, 2014. (Serial No. 113–51) ‘‘Assessing Terrorism in the Caucasus and the Threat to the Home- land.’’ April 3, 2014. (Serial No. 113–61) ‘‘Assessing Persistent and Emerging Cyber Threats to the U.S. Homeland.’’ May 21, 2014. Joint with the Subcommittee on Cy- bersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Tech- nologies. (Serial No. 113–69) ‘‘ihadist Safe Havens: Efforts to Detect and Deter Terrorist Travel.’’ July 24, 2014. (Serial No. 113–80)

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CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security held 13 hearings, receiving testimony from 45 witnesses, and considered four measures.

LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

BORDER PATROL AGENT PAY REFORM ACT OF 2014

PUB. L. 113–277, S. 1691 To amend title 5, United States Code, to improve the security of the United States border and to provide for reforms and rates of pay for border patrol agents. Summary S. 1691 reforms the current Border Patrol overtime pay system, requiring Border Patrol Agents to elect one of three new categories for receiving overtime pay. These categories include: (1) hourly rate of pay equal to 1.25 times the otherwise applicable hourly rate of basic pay; (2) the hourly rate of pay equal to 1.125 times the otherwise hourly rate of basic pay; or (3) the basic border patrol rate of pay, with additional overtime as needed by CBP. The bill requires the Director of the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) to issue regulations establishing procedures for such elections. The measure further requires the U.S. Customs and Border Pa- trol to ensure that agents do not artificially inflate overtime for purposes of retirement benefits. The Comptroller General will report to Congress on the effectiveness of CBP’s plan to ensure that agents are not artificially enhancing their retirement annuities. CBP is also required to conduct an analysis of staffing requirements and their costs and submit for review by the Comptroller General. (97)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00103 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 98 This measure also authorizes the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to identify and establish positions in the Department’s cybersecurity workforce with comparable salaries for positions in the Department of Defense. The Secretary is required to report to Congress annually for five years on the strategy and progress toward recruiting and retaining qualified employees, including veterans. The measure requires the Secretary to annually report to the OPM Director identifying cybersecurity work categories critical to DHS. The Comptroller General is also directed to report on the implementation of DHS cybersecurity workforce measures. Legislative History S. 1691 was introduced in the Senate on November 13, 2013, by Mr. Tester and Mr. McCain and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 1691 on June 25, 2014, and ordered the measure reported to the Senate, with an Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported S. 1691 to the Senate on August 26, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–248. Placed on the Senate Legislative Calendar, No. 548. The Senate considered S. 1691 on September 18, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by voice vote. S. 1691 was received in the House on September 19, 2014 and referred to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, S. 1691 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Oversight and Government Re- form on December 4, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity would waive further consideration of S. 1691. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House-Sen- ate Conference be held. The House considered S. 1691 under Suspension of the Rules on December 10, 2014 and passed the measure by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. S. 1691 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed S. 1691 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–277.

DHS OIG MANDATES REVISION ACT OF 2014

PUB. LAW 113–284, S. 2651 To repeal certain mandates of the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General. Summary The purpose of S.2651 is to eliminate the congressional mandate for the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Inspector Gen-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00104 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 99 eral to conduct certain audits of the Department. These mandated audits cover issues including an annual evaluation of the Cargo In- spection Targeting System, Coast Guard performance, accounting of National Drug Control Policy Funds, and annual review of grants to states and high-risk urban areas. According to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, the mandates that would be repealed by S.2651 duplicate other reports conducted by DHS Components. By elimi- nating these mandates, the Office of Inspector General could use finite resources on other audit priorities. The legislation rescinding these mandates does not prohibit the DHS Office of Inspector Gen- eral from conducting periodic audits on these issues. Legislative History S. 2651 was introduced in the Senate on July 24, 2014, by Mr. Coburn, and Mr. Carper and referred to the Senate Com- mittee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 2651 on September 16, 2014, and ordered the measure reported to the Senate, amended. The Senate considered S. 2651 on September 17, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported S. 2651 to the Senate on September 18, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–261. S. 2561 was received in the House on September 18, 2014, and referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and in addition to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within in the Committee, S. 2651 was referred to the Subcommittee on Over- sight and Management Efficiency, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security, and the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Homeland Security would agree to waive further consideration of S. 2651. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House-Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Trans- portation and Infrastructure acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Homeland Security and the support for Conferees, should a House-Senate Conference be called. The House considered S. 2651 under Suspension of the Rules on December 10, 2014 and passed the measure by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. S. 2651 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed S. 2651 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–284.

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BORDER SECURITY RESULTS ACT OF 2013 H.R. 1417 (S. 683) To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to develop a comprehensive strategy to gain and maintain operational control of the international borders of the United States, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 1417 requires the Secretary of Homeland Security to develop a comprehensive strategy to gain and maintain situational awareness and operational control of the border, and sets the requirement of achieving operational control in high traffic areas within two years and nine months of enactment and across the entire Southwest border within five years. Operational control of the border, as defined by the bill, means a condition where there is a 90 percent effectiveness rate for the apprehension of illegal border crossers and a significant reduction in the movement of illicit drugs and other contraband. This legislation sets the requirements for the Secretary to consider when developing the strategy; outlines the benchmarks and timetables for achieving situational awareness and operational control; and requires metrics to measure effectiveness. H.R. 1417 also requires the Secretary to issue a baseline assessment of the current level of situational awareness and operational control of the border and periodically thereafter until the border is deemed to be under operational control. Following the baseline assessment, the Sec- retary would be required to submit a comprehensive strategy and subsequent plan to gain situational awareness and operational control. The plan would be comprised of implementation plans for each of the Department’s border security components and a comprehensive border security technology plan outlining a justification for technology choices and a timetable for procurement and deployment. This legislation also calls for periodic updates of the strategy and implementation plan following the publication of future Quad- rennial Homeland Security Review. H.R. 1417 requires the Secretary to implement a series of metrics to measure the effectiveness of security between the ports of entry, at ports of entry, and in the maritime environment. H.R. 1417 also requires a Department of Homeland Security Na- tional Laboratory and a Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence to provide an independent assessment of the suitability of the metrics the Department develops, and to make recommendations for additional metrics to measure border security effectiveness. Finally, the legislation requires the Government Accountability Office to review and report to Congress on the suitability and valid- ity of the Secretary’s strategy, plan, metrics, and the certification of operational control. Legislative History H.R. 1417 was introduced in the House on April 9, 2013, by Mr. McCaul, Mrs. Miller of Michigan, Ms. Jackson Lee, and Mr. Thompson of Mississippi and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1417 was referred

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00106 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 101 to the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. The Sub- committee on Border and Maritime Security considered H.R. 1417 on April 24, 2013, and ordered the measure reported to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee on Homeland Security considered H.R. 1417 on May 15, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1417 to the House on May 20, 2013 as H. Rpt. 113–87, and placed on the Union Calendar, Cal- endar No. 62. S. 683 S. 683, the Senate companion measure was introduced on April 9, 2013, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Secu- rity and Governmental Affairs.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00107 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 102 On May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Se- curity considered H.R. 3202 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture sent a letter on July 8, 2014, to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Transportation and In- frastructure would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3202. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Transportation and In- frastructure and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3202. The Committee reported H.R. 3202 to the House on July 18, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–528. The House considered H.R. 3202 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 400 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 456). Received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00108 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 103 Legislative History H.R. 3488 was introduced in the House on November 14, 2013, by Mr. Meehan and 61 original co–sponsors and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and the Committee on Ways and Means. Within the Committee, H.R. 3488 was referred to the Sub- committee on Border and Maritime Security. On May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 3488 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 3488 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Ways and Means sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on June 26, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Ways and Means would waive further consideration of H.R. 3488. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded on June 30, 2014, agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Ways and Means, and supporting the request for Conferees should a House–Senate Con- ference be called. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 3488 to the House on July 3, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–511, Pt. I. The House considered H.R. 3488 under Suspension of the Rules on July 8, 2014, and passed measure, by voice vote. H.R. 3488 was received in the Senate, on July 9, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

UNITED STATES U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION AUTHORIZATION ACT H.R. 3846 To provide for the authorization of border, maritime, and transportation security responsibilities and functions in the Department of Homeland Security and the establishment of United States U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 3846 authorizes U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) within the Homeland Security Act of 2002, for the first time. This bill is intended to clearly authorize the current authorities, responsibilities, and functions of CBP. The measure would provide a base authorization of the border security offices within CBP which have not been previously authorized, including: the Border Patrol, Office of Air and Marine, Office of Field Operations, the National Tar- geting Center, Office of Intelligence and Investigative Liaison, Of- fice of International Affairs, and Office of Internal Affairs. H.R. 3846 requires transparency, accountability, and additional oversight for CBP by developing standard operating procedures for: searching electronic devices at or between ports of entry, use of force, and streamlining complaints about officers, agents and employees of CBP. Furthermore, it establishes training requirements, short term detention standards and wait time transparency.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00109 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 104 Legislative History H.R. 3846 was introduced in the House on January 10, 2014, by Mrs. Miller of Michigan, Mr. McCaul, and Ms. Jackson Lee and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security, and in addition to the Committee on Ways and Means. Within the Committee, H.R. 3846 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Mari- time Security. On May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 3846 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 3846 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Ways and Means sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on June 26, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Ways and Means would waive further consideration of H.R. 3846. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded on June 30, 2014, agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Ways and Means, and supporting the request for Conferees should a House–Senate Con- ference be called. The Chair of the Committee on the Judiciary sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on July 24, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Ways and Means would waive further consideration of H.R. 3846. On that same date, the Chair of the Com- mittee on Homeland Security responded, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on the Judiciary, and supporting the request for Conferees should a House–Senate Con- ference be called. The Committee reported H.R. 3846 to the House on July 24, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–555, Pt. I. The House considered H.R. 3846 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote. Received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

TRAVEL PROMOTION, ENHANCEMENT, AND MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2014 H.R. 4450 (S. 2250) To extend the Travel Promotion Act of 2009, and for other purposes. Summary The purpose of H.R. 4450 is to reauthorize and increase transparency and accountability metrics for Brand USA, a public–private partnership originally created by the Travel Promotion Act of 2009 (TPA), in executing its mission of encouraging increased international visitation to the United States and to grow America’s share of the global travel market at no cost to taxpayers. The cur-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00110 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 105 rent program is funded through Fiscal Year 2015, and public con- tributions are capped at $100 million per year. Legislative History H.R. 4450 was introduced in the House on April 10, 2014, by Mr. Bilirakis and 40 original cosponsors and referred to the Com- mittee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4450 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. The Committee on Energy and Commerce considered H.R. 4450 on July 14 and July 15, 2014 and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Energy and Commerce on July 16, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration of H.R. 4450 on the House Floor, the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity would agree to waive further consideration of H.R. 4450. The Chair of the Committee on Energy and Commerce responded on July 17, 2014, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Homeland Security and the agreement to waive further consideration of H.R. 4450. The House considered H.R. 4450 under Suspension of the Rules on July 22, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 347 yeas and 57 nays, (Roll No. 433). H.R. 4450 was received in the Senate on July 31, 2014, read twice, and placed on the Senate Legislative Calendar, Calendar No. 521. S. 2250 S. 2250, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on April 10, 2014 by Ms. Klobuchar and 24 original cosponsors and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation reported S. 2250 to the Senate on July 31, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–234.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00111 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 106 The legislation seeks to ensure that the Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and other DHS personnel the Secretary deems appropriate are trained to effectively detect, intercept, and disrupt human trafficking in a manner relevant to their professional roles and responsibilities. Addi- tionally, the bill seeks to provide such personnel with the most current trends and information on matters pertaining to the detection of human trafficking. The bill would establish annual reviews, eval- uations, and updates to ensure that the training is consistent with current trends, patterns, and techniques associated with human trafficking. Additionally, the legislation would require the Sec- retary to certify to the relevant committees that all described personnel have received the training, as well as submit a report to the committees on the overall effectiveness of the program and the number of reported cases by DHS personnel. The Secretary would also be authorized to assist State, local and Tribal governments, as well as private organizations, in establishing training programs regarding trafficking in persons upon request from such entities. Legislative History H.R. 5116 was introduced in the House on July 15, 2014, by Mr. Meadows, Mr. McCaul, Ms. Loretta Sanchez of California, Mr. Hudson, and Mr. O’Rourke and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security, and in addition to the Committee on the Judi- ciary. Within the Committee, H.R. 5116 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security and the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. The Chair of the Committee on the Judiciary sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on July 17, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on the judiciary would waive further consideration of H.R. 5116. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Com- mittee on the Judiciary and the agreement to waive further consideration of H.R. 5116, and further supporting the request for Con- ferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The House agreed to Suspend the Rules and passed H.R. 5116 on July 23, 2014, by voice vote. Received in the Senate on July 24, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

SECURE BORDER Security of the Nation hinges in large part on how well the De- partment of Homeland Security can control who and what comes into this country. A porous border is a conduit for not only drug smugglers and human traffickers, but is also a vulnerability that terrorists may exploit. The Department’s lack of a comprehensive

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00112 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 107 national strategy to secure the border and no defined measurable goals limits its ability to fulfill this critical mission. The number of Border Patrol agents, miles of fence, and various technology that Congress has funded to help shore up security at the border is a means to an end. The border is not necessarily ‘‘secure’’ because 21,370 agents are on the border, nor is it necessarily secure because apprehensions are the lowest they have been since the 1970s. Instead, the Department must define the characteristics of a secure border and establish a desired border security end–state the De- partment can plan for and execute against. On February 26, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Michael J. Fisher, Chief, Border Patrol, Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Kevin K. McAleenan, Act- ing Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Cus- toms and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- rity; RAdm William D. Lee, Deputy, Operations Policy and Capa- bilities, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Rebecca Gambler, Acting Director, Homeland Security and Justice, Government Accountability Office; and Marc R. Rosenblum, PhD, Specialist in Immigration Policy, Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress. The purpose of this hearing was to take a holistic look at the border to define what a secure border looks like, assess what the Department needs to do to achieve a secure border and how to measure border security progress.

STATE OF BORDER SECURITY More than ten years after the creation of the Department of Homeland Security, the Department does not have a comprehensive national strategy to secure the border. Since the attacks of September 11, 2001, Congress has appropriated billions of dollars to enhance border security, primarily through new investments in personnel, technology, and infrastructure. These investments were made without the benefit of a national border security strategy, so funds were often expended in an ad hoc way, without a well–defined end state. Achieving greater border security must be based on a solid understanding of current border threats, particularly as they relate to illegal border crossings and trafficking of contraband, and the coordination of components. Committee staff met with representatives from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of Field Operations and Office of Air and Marine, Border Patrol, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and the Government Accountability Of- fice, to discuss topics related to border security including: technology, strategy, metrics, and reuse of DOD equipment. On March 13, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee received a briefing on the state of border security. Representatives from U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Immigration and Cus- toms Enforcement, and the U.S. Coast Guard were present to provide Members with an update on border security efforts and respond to Member concerns. The purpose of this briefing was to better understand the current state of border security efforts from all

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BORDER SECURITY MEASURES In 2010, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) stopped reporting the number of miles border under ‘‘operational control.’’ Since that time, DHS has failed to introduce the ‘‘Border Condition Index’’ (BCI), a new measure intended to demonstrate border security in a more holistic way, or another, alternative metric. Instead, the Department has relied on incomplete or inconsistent measures of border security progress, such as the resources sent to the border or the number of people apprehended. The development of outcome–based border security metrics at and between the ports of entry and in the maritime environment are necessary to increase confidence that the Nation’s border security efforts are based on measurable data. Committee staff met with representatives from U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of Field Operations and Office of Air and Marine, Border Patrol, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement and the Government Accountability Of- fice to discuss how the Department’s border security components measure effectiveness. On March 20, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Measuring Outcomes to Understand the State of Border Security.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Michael J. Fisher, Chief, Border Patrol, Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Kevin K. McAleenan, Acting Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Op- erations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Mark Borkowski, Assistant Commissioner, Office of Technology Innovation and Acquisition, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Hon. Veronica Escobar, County Judge, El Paso County, Texas. The purpose of this hearing was to examine the status of the Border Condition Index (BCI), and further examine outcome–based ways to measure the state of border security.

VISA SECURITY AND OVERSTAYS Much of the focus on border security is devoted to the southwest border; however, estimates show approximately 40 percent of the estimated 11–12 million aliens unlawfully present in the United States entered legally and subsequently overstayed their visas. Ac- cording to the Department of Justice, approximately 10 percent of all the individuals who have been convicted on terrorism–related charges in the decade since the attacks of September 11, 2001, were legal visitors who overstayed their visas demonstrating a significant vulnerability. All of the 9/11 hijackers entered the United States on legally valid visas and at least four had overstayed or were in violation of their status. Committee staff met with representatives from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of Field Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement and the Government Accountability Of- fice to receive briefs as to how the Department accounts for the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00114 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 109 population of persons who overstay their visas and how to make progress in providing for exit data. On May 21, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Visa Security and Overstays: How Secure is America?’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from Mr. John P. Wagner, Acting Deputy Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Se- curity; Mr. James A. Dinkins, Executive Associate Director, Home- land Security Investigations, U.S. Immigration and Customs En- forcement, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Rebecca Gambler, Director of the Homeland Security and Justice, Govern- ment Accountability Office; and Mr. Shonnie Lyon, Acting Direc- tor, Office of Biometric Identity Management, National Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of this hearing was to examine the efforts of the De- partment of Homeland Security to secure the border by addressing challenges in identifying individuals who overstay their visas.

THE FUTURE OF THE TWIC PROGRAM Implementation of the Transportation Worker Identification Cre- dential (TWIC) continues to be plagued by challenges due to poor planning, technological hurdles, and lack of leadership by the Transportation Security Administration and the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG). Pilot programs that were designed to assist the USCG to issue the required regulatory rules to make the program operate as envisioned by the Congress have been less than successful. The Government Accountability Office (GAO) has issued several reports on the shortfalls of the TWIC program and called into question the overall security value of the program stating, ‘‘DHS has not demonstrated how, if at all, TWIC will improve maritime security.’’ [GAO–13–198]. Millions of dollars of previously allocated and future grant spending are predicated on the TWIC providing a tangible security benefit at the Nation’s ports and maritime facilities. Committee staff met with representatives from TSA, USCG and GAO to discuss the challenges facing the TWIC program and what the intent is for future deployment of technologies and improved customer service. On June 18, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Threat, Risk and Vulnerability: The Future of the TWIC Pro- gram.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from RADM Joseph A. Servidio, Assistant Commandant for Prevention Policy, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Stephen Sadler, Assistant Administrator, Office of Intelligence and Anal- ysis, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Stephen M. Lord, Director, Forensic Au- dits and Investigative Services, U.S. Government Accountability Office; and Capt. Marcus Woodring, (ret. USCG), Managing Direc- tor, Health, Safety, Security and Environmental, Port of Houston Authority. The purpose of this hearing was to reexamine the security value of the TWIC card and determine the future of the program.

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BORDER SECURITY It is imperative that lessons learned from prior immigration reform efforts inform current proposals for immigration reform. The Senate’s immigration bill, S. 744, emphasizes resources, with limited accountability or requirements to measure outcomes of those resources. The Senate bill spends an additional $46 billion dollars to: Double the size of the Border Patrol; build additional miles of fence; and purchase new technology. H.R. 1417, the Committee’s border security legislation, calls for a strategy and an implementation plan to be produced prior to the expenditure of additional resources. It also requires metrics to increase accountability, and applies a standard of no less than 90 percent effectiveness to hold the Department accountable. Committee staff met with U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of Field Operations, Border Patrol, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement and the Government Ac- countability Office for briefings on the effect that various border security bills would have on their components. On June 23, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Approaches to Border Secu- rity.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. John Cor- nyn, Senator, State of Texas; Hon. Xavier Bercerra, a Representa- tive in Congress from the 34th District, State of California; Mr. Jayson Ahern, Principal, Chertoff Group; Mr. Edward Alden, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations; and Mr. Richard M. Stana, Former Director, Homeland Security and Justice, Government Accountability Office. The purpose of this hearing was to assess the two disparate border security approaches of the House and Senate, and to better inform the legislation that is presented to the Congress which seeks to achieve the outcome of a secure border. For further action on H.R. 1417, see discussion above.

BIOMETRIC EXIT Biometrics are an important border security tool because they cannot be easily manipulated or falsified, providing DHS greater certainty and understanding as to who is actually in the country at any point in time. The 9/11 Commission Report said that such a capability could have assisted law enforcement and intelligence officials in August and September 2001 in conducting a search for two of the 9/11 hijackers that were in the U.S. on expired visas. While most of the 9/11 Commission’s recommendations have been implemented in some fashion, among the few incomplete recommendations is that ‘‘DHS, properly supported by the Congress, should complete, as quickly as possible, a biometric entry–exit screening system.’’ Creating such a biometric exit system remains a challenge for the Department of Homeland Security although Congress has reaffirmed its commitment to establish a biometric exit system several times, most recently in the Implementing Rec- ommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007. Mandates for an electronic exit system designed to verify when aliens on a valid visa depart the United States have existed since 1996. While progress has been made on the collection of finger-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00116 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 111 prints and photographs of aliens entering the United States, the Department still does not collect biometric information from individuals exiting the country. Despite longstanding Congressional mandates, DHS has not implemented a biometric exit system. In- stead the Department has focused on a less expensive ‘‘biographic’’ (matching names of airline manifests) option. As a result, DHS has more than one million ‘‘unmatched’’ records—records where the U.S. Customs and Border Protection has entry, but no exit information on aliens who entered into the country on a valid visa. Esti- mates indicate that as many as 40 percent of all individuals unlawfully present in the U.S. enter the country on a valid visa and overstay their period of admittance. Any attempt to fully secure the border must also address the challenge of identifying and then removing visa overstays. Committee staff met with representatives from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Office of Field Operations to receive briefings on the implementation of a biographic exit program at air, land, and sea ports of entry/exit. On September 26, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Fulfilling A Key 9/11 Commission Recommendation: Imple- menting Biometric Exit.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. John P. Wagner, Acting Deputy Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. John Woods, Assist- ant Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security; and Ms. Rebecca Gambler, Direc- tor, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Government Ac- countability Office. The purpose of this hearing was to engage the Department of Homeland Security leadership on the current state of biometric exit and to chart a path forward to implement a system that is both a counterterrorism and border security tool. Committee Staff met with representatives from DHS Office of Bi- ometric Identity, Office of Science and Technology, and U.S. Cus- toms and Border Protection, Office of Field Operations and industry partners to receive briefs on the potential implementation of a biometric exit system. Committee Staff also conducted a site visit at the Air Entry/Exit Re–Engineering (AEER) Project facility to examine DHS measures. On January 28, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a briefing from industry experts on the biometric exit program to discuss the current state of biometric exit technology. The purpose of this brief was to solicit input from leaders in the biometrics field on implementation of an effective and viable biometric exit solution in different travel environments as well as examine emerging biometric technologies.

MARITIME SECURITY As progress is made preventing illegal border crossings along the land borders of the United States, Transnational Criminal Organi- zations and have sought the path of least resistance and have been utilizing maritime means to enter the country. A serious threat to homeland security continues to be the movement of illegal drugs in bulk through the Transit Zone from South America through the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00117 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 112 Eastern Pacific and Caribbean. Trafficking organizations are using advanced methods of smuggling such as semi–submersibles and other small vessels that are increasingly difficult to detect. In con- strained fiscal environment, cooperative efforts to gain intelligence, situational awareness across the Department’s maritime agencies is critical to securing the vast maritime borders of the Nation. Committee Staff met with representatives from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Office of Air and Marine, U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), and the Government Accountability Office, to discuss the following topics related to maritime security: maritime domain awareness, threats in the maritime environment, USCG and CBP asset recapitalization, maritime strategy, and metrics. On November 19, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘What Does a Secure Maritime Border Look Like?’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from RADM William D. Lee, Deputy, Operations Policy and Capabilities, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Depart- ment of Homeland Security; Mr. Stephen L. Caldwell, Director, Homeland Security and Justice, Government Accountability Office; and Capt. Marcus Woodring, (Ret. USCG), Managing Director, Health, Safety, Security and Environmental, Port of Houston Au- thority. The purpose of this hearing was to examine: what DHS maritime components are doing to interdict maritime threats before they arrive on shore or in U.S. ports: what is being done to increase the Nation’s understanding of illicit networks that move in the maritime domain: DHS’ layered approach to secure the maritime environment; and how progress is being measured.

UNITED STATES COAST GUARD The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) allocates much as 50 percent of its budget on core homeland security missions. Specifically, following September 11th, 2001, the USCG increased its maritime security operations, including a major focus on Ports, Waterways, and Coastal Security (PWCS) and defense readiness missions. The declining budget environment has significantly hindered the USCG’s ability to replace its aging air and surface fleet. The USCG is undergoing the Service’s largest recapitalization effort to date to replace the service’s oldest assets and remain mission ready in all of its mission sets. Committee Staff met with representatives from the USCG to discuss the capability of Ports, Waterways, and Coastal Security operational assets such as the Maritime Security Response Team, and discussed future recapitalization of cutters, aircraft and small boats. On February 4, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Future of the Homeland Security Missions of the Coast Guard.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from ADM Robert J. Papp, Jr., Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Home- land Security. The focus of this hearing was on the future missions of the USCG. Admiral Papp provided his vision for the service, specifically regarding the future homeland security missions of the USCG and highlighted the need to balance competing priorities, in a resource strained environment.

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ARIZONA BORDER SURVEILLANCE TECHNOLOGY PLAN Technology has been an integral part of the proposed solution to secure the vast and rugged terrain of the Southwest border. A series of miscues and missteps plagued U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s previous efforts to produce a large–scale technological border security solution known as the Secure Border Initiative (SBInet). The Department’s inability to finalize this program highlighted CBP’s inability to manage a large scale acquisition and procurement project. More than three years after the cancellation of SBInet, the contract for Integrated Fixed Towers (IFT) was awarded as part of the Arizona Technology Plan on February 26th, 2014. Committee staff met with representatives from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Office of Technology, Innovation and Acqui- sition, the Border Patrol and the Government Accountably Office to receive briefings on the need for additional resources along the border, the implementation of the Arizona Technology Plan and the Integrated Fixed Towers (IFT) contract as well as the procurement processes. On March 12, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Arizona Border Surveillance Technology Plan and its Impact on Border Security.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Mark Borkowski, Assistant Commissioner, Office of Tech- nology Innovation and Acquisition, U.S. Customs and Border Pro- tection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Ms. Rebecca Gambler, Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office. The purpose of this hearing was to ensure that technology being acquired by CBP will be delivered on time, that the Department corrected lessons learned from previous acquisition failures, and that the new technology will provide tangible, measurable border security benefit.

PASSPORT FRAUD The 9/11 Commission concluded, ‘‘For terrorists, travel documents are as important as weapons.’’ The disappearance of Malay- sian flight 370 on March 8, 2014 revealed international travel document security vulnerabilities. Two Iranian men used lost or stolen passports to board Malaysia Airlines Flight MH 370. These documents had been reported to INTERPOL’s lost and stolen passport database and this event highlighted failure of the international community to screen for fraudulent travel documents. Only three countries in the world routinely screen INTERPOL’s Stolen and Lost Travel Document (SLTD) database—The United States, the United Kingdom and the United Arab Emirates. In addition, when it comes to submitting timely data to this database, generally only Visa Waiver Program countries provide regular passport information to INTERPOL, creating a gap in U.S. screening efforts. Committee staff met with representatives from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Office of Field Operations, INTERPOL, and the State Department to receive briefings on passport security and fraud detection, the Stolen and Lost Travel Document (SLTD) database and the Visa Waiver Program. On April 4, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Passport Fraud: An International Vulnerability.’’ The Sub-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00119 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 114 committee received testimony from Hon. Alan D. Bersin, Assistant Secretary of International Affairs and Chief Diplomatic Officer, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. John P. Wagner, Act- ing Deputy Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Home- land Security; Ms. Brenda S. Sprague, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Passport Services, Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State; and Hon. Shawn A. Bray, Director, INTERPOL Wash- ington, U.S. National Central Bureau, U.S. Department of Justice. The purpose of this hearing was to ensure that CBP and the State Department can assure persons attempting to use lost, stolen and fraudulent passports will be prevented from getting on a plane bound for the United States. This hearing examined what leverage the U.S. can bear on other countries to increase security throughout the international aviation system and increase use of the INTERPOL Stolen and Lost Travel Document (SLTD) database.

CBP AND ICE AUTHORIZATION U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) have never been formally authorized to perform the missions they carry out today. As a result, CBP and ICE each operate on devolved authority granted to the Sec- retary of Homeland Security and on guidance provided by the ap- propriators, rather than from specific authority granted to the agency by its authorizing committee. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–296) (HSA) transferred the relevant funding and most of the personnel of 22 agencies and offices to the newly created Department of Homeland Security. As a result of no further guidance in this Act, DHS was organized into four main direc- torates: Border and Transportation Security (BTS); Emergency Pre- paredness and Response (EPR); Science and Technology (S&T); and Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection (IAIP). Within the BTS, a new agency known as U.S. Customs and Bor- der Protection (CBP) was created. CBP consolidated inspection and border related functions conducted by the former U.S. Customs Service; the inspection functions of the former Immigration and Naturalization Service; the Border Patrol; and the inspection functions of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) program. Similarly, the HSA created a Bureau of Border Security within the BTS Directorate. The Bureau of Border Security and the BTS Directorate were dismantled in 2005, and their functions were reorganized within the Department. Committee staff met with representatives from offices within the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement to receive briefings on the current organization and authorizations of each component. On April 8, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Au- thorizing U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigra- tion and Customs Enforcement.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Kevin K. McAleenan, Acting Deputy Commis- sioner, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Mr. Daniel H. Ragsdale, Acting Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Department of

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PORTS OF ENTRY Port of entry infrastructure is vital to the efficient movement of people and goods, as well as to the Nation’s homeland security. De- spite an austere budgetary climate, novel authorities, like Public Private Partnerships and reimbursable fee agreements, can be utilized to modernize our nation’s ports of entry and improve our nation’s homeland security and economic prosperity. CBP is the lead federal agency charged with keeping terrorists, criminals and inadmissible aliens out of the Country while facilitating the flow of le- gitimate travel and commerce at the Nation’s border. CBP’s Office of Field Operations (OFO) is responsible for processing the flow of people and goods that enter the country through Air, Land and Sea Ports of Entry. CBP officers inspect travelers and goods to determine whether they may be legally admitted into the United States. CBP operates 168 official land ports of entry (POE) along the northern and southern borders. The majority of travelers, nearly 70 percent, enter the United States at a Land POE. Committee staff met with representatives from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of Field Operations and the General Services Administration to receive briefings on the need and process for improving infrastructure at land ports of entry. On July 16, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Port of Entry Infrastructure: How Does the Federal Government Prioritize Investments?’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. John P. Wagner, Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; accompanied by Mr. Eugene H. Schied, As- sistant Commissioner, Office of Administration, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Hon. Mi- chael Gelber, Deputy Commissioner, Public Buildings Service, U.S. General Services Administration; and Hon. Oscar Leeser, Mayor, City of El Paso, Texas. The purpose of this hearing was to examine how CBP and the General Services Administration (GSA) prioritize investments in port of entry infrastructure and how Public Private Partnerships are being utilized along the border to the benefit of

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PASSPORT AND ISIS Many members of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) terrorist group are not Syrian or Iraqi, but rather foreign fighters from countries throughout the world, including the United States and European nations. In August 2014, the State Department estimated that over 12,000 fighters from over 50 different nations had traveled to Syria to fight alongside Islamic foreign fighters, including those from ISIS. Westerners who have joined ISIS present a unique threat to the homeland because they may be able to travel to the United States without the requirement of an in–person visa interview through the Visa Waiver Program (VWP). VWP allows travelers from 38 countries to enter the United States as temporary visitors for business or pleasure for up to 90 days. On September 10, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘One Flight Away: An Examination of the Threat posed by ISIS Terrorists with Western Passports.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. John P. Wagner, Assistant Commis- sioner, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protec- tion, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Troy Miller, Act- ing Assistant Commissioner, Intelligence and Investigative Liaison, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Home- land Security; Ms. Jennifer A. Lasley, Deputy Under Secretary for Analysis, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Ms. Hillary Batjer Johnson, Acting Dep- uty Coordinator, Homeland Security and Multilateral Affairs, Bu- reau of Counterterrorism, U.S. Department of State. This hearing examined the programs and mechanisms such as the National Tar- geting Center, Advance Passenger Information System, the Elec- tronic System Travel Authorization (ESTA) and terrorist screening, put in place by the Federal Government to identify foreign fighters and ensure they are prevented from traveling to the United States.

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS HELD ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ February 26, 2013. (Serial No. 113–3) ‘‘Measuring Outcomes to Understand the State of Border Security.’’ March 20, 2013. (Serial No. 113–8) ‘‘Visa Security and Overstays: How Secure is America?’’ May 21, 2013. (Serial No. 113–18) ‘‘Threat, Risk and Vulnerability: The Future of the TWIC Program.’’ June 18, 2013. (Serial No. 113–23) ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Approaches to Border Se- curity.’’ July 23, 2013. (Serial No. 113–28) ‘‘Fulfilling A Key 9/11 Commission Recommendation: Implementing Biometric Exit.’’ September 26, 2013. (Serial No. 113–37) ‘‘What Does a Secure Maritime Border Look Like?’’ November 19, 2013. (Serial No. 113–45)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00122 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 117 ‘‘Future of the Homeland Security Missions of the Coast Guard.’’ February 4, 2014. (Serial No. 113–49) ‘‘The Arizona Border Surveillance Technology Plan and its Impact on Border Security’’ March 12, 2014. (Serial No. 113–55) ‘‘Passport Fraud: An International Vulnerability.’’ April 4, 2014. (Serial No. 113–62) ‘‘Authorizing U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immi- gration and Customs Enforcement.’’ April 8, 2014. (Serial No. 113–63) ‘‘Port of Entry Infrastructure: How Does the Federal Government Prioritize Investments?’’ July 16, 2014. (Serial No. 113–78) ‘‘One Flight Away: An Examination of the Threat posed by ISIS Terrorists with Western Passports.’’ September 10, 2014. (Serial No. 113–84)

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PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies held 15 hearings, receiving testimony from 62 witnesses, and considered four measures.

LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE ASSESSMENT ACT

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00125 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 120 rity. Within the Committee, H.R. 2952 was referred to the Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Secu- rity Technologies. On September 18, 2013, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 2952 and reported the measure to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 2952 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on January 8, 2014, agreeing to not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 2952. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology acknowledging the jurisdictional interest of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 2952. The Committee reported H.R. 2952 to the House on January 9, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–324. The House considered H.R. 2952 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 2952 was received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 2952 on December 10, 2014. The Senate then proceeded to the consideration of H.R. 2952 and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The House concurred in the Senate amendment to H.R. 2952 on December 11, 2014, under Suspension of the Rules and passed the measure, by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 2952 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed H.R. 2952 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–246.

CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI–TERRORISM STANDARDS PROGRAM AUTHORIZATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2014

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00126 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 121 hangs in the balance with each new appropriations cycle. H.R. 4007 incorporates CFATS into the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101 et seq.), under Title XXI, and gives the program official status under law. Legislative History H.R. 4007 was introduced in the House on February 6, 2014, by Mr. Meehan, Mr. McCaul, Mr. King of New York, Mr. Gene Greene of Texas, Mrs. Miller of Michigan, and Mr. Rogers of Ala- bama, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Within the Committee, H.R. 4007 was referred to the Subcommittee on Cyber- security, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies. On February 27, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing on H.R. 4007. The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Caitlin Durkovich, Assistant Secretary, Infrastructure Protection, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security; accompanied by Mr. David Wulf, Deputy Director, Infrastructure Security Compliance Division, Na- tional Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Stephen L. Caldwell, Director, Homeland Security and Justice, U.S. Government Accountability Office; Ms. Marcia Hodges, Chief Inspector, Office of the Inspector Gen- eral, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Clyde Miller, Di- rector for Corporate Security, BASF Corporation, testifying on behalf of BASF and The American Chemistry Council; Ms. Kate Hampford Donahue, President, Hampford Research, Inc., testifying on behalf of the Society of Chemical Manufacturers and Affiliates; and Ms. Anna Fendley, Legislative Representative, United Steel- workers. On April 3, 2014 the Subcommittee considered H.R. 4007, and ordered the measure forwarded to the Full Committee for consideration, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4007 on April 30, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Energy and Commerce sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on June 20, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Energy and Commerce would forego consideration of H.R. 4007. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the agreement to forego consideration. The letter further agreed to support the request for Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The Committee reported H.R. 4007 to the House on June 23, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–491, Pt. 1 . On that same date, the Com- mittee on Energy and Commerce was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 4007. The House considered H.R. 4007 under Suspension of the Rules on July 8, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 4007 was received in the Senate on July 9, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00127 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 122 The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered H.R. 4007 on July 30, 2014, and ordered the measure reported to the Senate, amended, favorably. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported H.R. 4007 to the Senate on September 18, 2014, as S. Rpt. 1113–263. Placed on the Senate Legislative Calendar, Calendar No. 578. The Senate considered H.R. 4007 on December 10, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The House agreed to Suspend the Rules and concurred to the Senate amendment to H.R. 4007 on December 11, 2014, by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. The President signed H.R. 4007 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–254.

NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY PROTECTION ACT OF 2014

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00128 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 123 S. 2519 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed S. 2519 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–282. H.R. 3696 H.R. 3696 was introduced in the House on December 11, 2013, by Mr. McCaul, Mr. Meehan, Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, and Ms. Clarke, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security, and in addition to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech- nology, and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Within the Committee, H.R. 3696 was referred to the Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Secu- rity Technologies. On January 15, 2014, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 3696 and reported the measure to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. On February 5, 2014, the Full Committee considered H.R. 3696 and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, as amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on February 24, 2014, agreeing to waive consideration of H.R. 3696. The letter further requested the appointment of Con- ferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and supporting the request to seek Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The Chair of the Committee on Energy and Commerce sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on July 22, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Energy and Commerce would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3696. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Energy and Commerce and to support any request for Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The Chair of the Committee on Oversight and Government Re- form sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Se- curity on July 22, 2014, agreeing to waive further consideration of H.R. 3696. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and agreeing to support any request for Conferees should a House– Senate Conference be called. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 3696 to the House on July 23, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–550, Pt. I. The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Com- mittee on Oversight and Government Reform were subsequently discharged from further consideration of H.R. 3696. The Committee reported H.R. 3696 to the House on July 23, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–550, Pt. I. The House considered H.R. 3696 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by voice vote.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00129 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 124 H.R. 3696 was received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. S. 2354 S. 2354, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on May 20, 2014, by Mr. Carper, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. On May 21, 2014, the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 2354 and ordered the measure to be reported to the Senate, amended, by voice vote.

HOMELAND SECURITY CYBERSECURITY BOOTS–ON–THE–GROUND ACT H.R. 3107 To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish cybersecurity occupation classifications, assess the cybersecurity workforce, develop a strategy to address identified gaps in the cybersecurity workforce, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 3107 directs the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish cybersecurity occupation classifications and to ensure that such classifications may be used throughout the Department and are made available to other federal agencies. H.R. 3107 also requires the Secretary to create a workforce strategy that enhances the readiness, capacity, training, recruitment, and retention of the De- partment of Homeland Security (DHS) cybersecurity workforce, including a multiphased recruitment plan and a 10–year projection of federal workforce needs. This legislation would also create a process to verify that employees of independent contractors who serve in DHS cybersecurity positions receive initial and recurrent information security and role–based security training commensu- rate with assigned responsibilities. Legislative History H.R. 3107 was introduced in the House on September 17, 2013, by Ms. Clarke, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity. Within the Committee, H.R. 3107 was referred to the Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Secu- rity Technologies. On September 18, 2013, the Subcommittee considered H.R. 3107 and reported the measure to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 3107 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 3107 to the House on December 12, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–294. The House considered H.R. 3107 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 395 yeas and 8 nays. (Roll No. 457). Received in the Senate on July 29, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

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CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION ACT H.R. 3410 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to secure critical infrastructure against electromagnetic pulses, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 3410 requires the Secretary of Homeland Security to include the threat of Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) events in national planning scenarios, and to conduct outreach to educate owners and operators of critical infrastructure, emergency planners, and emergency responders of the threat of EMP events. This legislation also requires the Secretary to conduct research and development to mitigate the consequences of EMP events, including: 1) An objective scientific analysis of the risks of a range of EMP events’ impact on critical infrastructure; 2) a determination of the critical national security assets and vital civic utilities at risk from EMP events; 3) an evaluation of the emergency planning and response technologies that would address the findings and recommendation of experts; 4) an analysis of the technology options that are available to improve the resiliency of critical infrastructure to EMP events and 5) an analysis of the restoration and recovery capabilities of critical infrastructure under differing levels of damage and disruption from various EMP events. H.R. 3410 also requires the Secretary to submit a recommended strategy to protect and prepare critical infrastructure against EMP events (including acts of terrorism), and provide biennial updates on the status of the recommended strategy. Legislative History H.R. 3410 was introduced in the House on October 30, 2013, by Mr. Franks of Arizona and Mr. Sessions, and referred to the Com- mittee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 3410 was referred to the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies. On December 1, 2014, the Chair of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3410. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Com- mittee on Science, Space, and Technology and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral. On December 1, 2014, the House considered H.R. 3410 under Suspension of the Rules and passed the measure, amended, by voice vote. Received in the Senate on December 2, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Govern- mental Affairs.

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OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

CYBER THREATS FROM CHINA, RUSSIA, AND IRAN American critical infrastructure is under persistent cyber attack from criminals, activists, and nation states intent on compromising sensitive data or causing damage. One of the most consequential

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DHS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORATE The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Science and Tech- nology (S&T) Directorate is the primary research and development arm of the Department and manages science and technology research, from development through transition, for the Department’s operational components and first responders to protect the homeland. On March 21, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee received a briefing from representative from the Department’s Science and Technology Directorate. The purpose of this briefing was to examine S&T’s efforts to develop and promulgate new technologies. As a result of this briefing, the Chair of the Subcommittee introduced H.R. 2952, the Critical Infrastructure Research and Development Advancement (CIRDA) Act of 2013, which requires DHS to develop a strategic research and development plan. See discussion of H.R. 2952, listed above. On February 7, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from the Acting Under Secretary for Science and Technology, on long–term research and development investments. On April 25, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from the Director of the S&T Office of National Laboratories on the status of the National Bio and Agro–Defense Facility and other DHS National Lab programs. On June 5, 2014, Subcommittee staff met with the Under Sec- retary for Science and Technology to discuss the Directorate’s cur-

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CYBERSECURITY AND PRIVACY The Subcommittee’s effort to improve the Department of Home- land Security’s ability to oversee the cybersecurity of Federal networks and other critical infrastructures is driven by the paramount importance of protecting the integrity of sensitive data, including personally identifiable information (PII). On April 25, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Striking the Right Balance: Protecting Our Nation’s Critical Infra- structure from Cyber Attack and Ensuring Privacy and Civil Lib- erties.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Mary Ellen Callahan, Partner, Jenner & Block and Former Chief Privacy Offi- cer, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Cheri F. McGuire, Vice President, Global Government Affairs & Cybersecurity Policy, Symantec; and Ms. Harriet Pearson, Partner, Hogan Lovells. The purpose of this hearing was to inform Members of the various privacy issues to be addressed in crafting cybersecurity policy and proposed legislation. On November 1, 2013, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from representatives of the National Cybersecurity & Communica- tions Integration Center to examine the policies and procedures used by the Department to protect PII. Additionally, Committee staff held a series of meetings with privacy experts, advocates, and other stakeholders to inform oversight and craft legislative language to ensure the Department adequately protects private information.

CYBER THREAT INFORMATION SHARING The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has the declared mission, and an FY 2013 budget of $896 million, to oversee the security of Federal civilian networks (the ‘‘.gov’’ domain) and aid private sector owners and operators of critical infrastructure in protecting their systems from cyber threats. The Subcommittee examined the existing cybersecurity information sharing and response capabilities at DHS used to fulfill these roles and evaluated the budget for the DHS Office of Cybersecurity and Communications (CS&C) to determine whether resources were being effectively utilized. The Subcommittee emphasized reviewing the authorities and activities of the CS&C National Cybersecurity & Communications Integration Center (NCCIC), which includes DHS information sharing and incident response units, in order to inform legislation currently in draft form. On May 16, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Fa- cilitating Cyber Threat Information Sharing and Partnering with

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CYBER INCIDENT RESPONSE The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) offers technical assistance to owners and operators of critical infrastructure, including State and local governments, on a voluntary basis in the event of cyber incidents. The Subcommittee is concerned about the adequacy and effectiveness of DHS’s efforts, including education and outreach efforts to State and local emergency planners. On October 30, 2013, the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications and the Subcommittee on Cy- bersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies held a joint hearing entitled ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Roberta ‘‘Bobbie’’ Stempfley, Acting Assistant Secretary, Office of Cybersecurity and Communications, National Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Charley English, Di- rector, Georgia Emergency Management Agency, testifying on behalf of the National Emergency Management Association; Mr. Craig Orgeron, Chief Information Officer and Executive Direc- tor, Department of Information Technology Services, State of Mis- sissippi, testifying on behalf of the National Association of State Chief Information Officers; Mr. Mike Sena, Deputy Director, Northern California Regional Intelligence Center, testifying on behalf of the National Fusion Center Association; and Mr. Paul Molitor, Assistant Vice President, National Electrical Manufactur- ers Association. This hearing examined the extent of cyber threat information sharing and response capabilities to a cyber incident with physical consequences. The purpose of the hearing was to ex-

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PRIVACY CONCERNS WITH THE PATIENT PROTECTION AND AFFORDABLE CARE ACT The implementation of systems associated with the Patient Pro- tection and Affordable Care Act (ACA or Obamacare), including healthcare.gov, the Federal Health Insurance Exchange and the Federal Data Services Hub, raised concerns that these systems do not properly secure sensitive personal data. On July 17, 2013, the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infra- structure Protection, and Security Technologies and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform’s Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements held a joint hearing entitled ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Concerns with ObamaCare’s Information Sharing Apparatus.’’ The Subcommittees received testimony from Mr. Alan R. Duncan, Assistant Inspector General for Security and Information Technology Services, Inspec- tor General for Tax Administration, Department of the Treasury; Mr. Terence V. Milholland, Chief Technology Officer, Internal Rev- enue Service; Hon. Danny Werfel, Principal Deputy Commissioner, Internal Revenue Service; Hon. Marilyn B. Tavenner, Adminis- trator, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S. Depart- ment of Health and Human Services; Mr. Henry Chao, Deputy Chief Information Officer, Deputy Director of the Office of Informa- tion Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S. De- partment of Health and Human Services; and Mr. John Dicken, Director, Health Care, U.S. Government Accountability Office. On September 11, 2013, the Subcommittee continued to examine the issue of the security of personal information through a hearing entitled ‘‘The Threat to Americans’ Personal Information: A Look into the Security and Reliability of the Health Exchange Data Hub.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Michael Astrue, Former Social Security Commissioner, Former U.S. Depart- ment of Health and Human Services General Counsel; Stephen T. Parente, Ph.D., Minnesota Insurance Industry Chair of Health Fi- nance, Director, Medical Industry Leadership Institute and Pro- fessor, Department of Finance, Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota; Ms. Kay Daly, Assistant Inspector Gen- eral, Audit Services, U.S. Department of Health and Human Serv- ices; and Mr. Matt Salo, Executive Director, National Association of Medicaid Directors. In preparation for these hearings, Subcommittee staff met with stakeholders to examine what measures were being taken by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to protect personal identifiable information and whether those measures were

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EXECUTIVE ORDER 13636 Executive Order 13636, Improving Critical Infrastructure Cyber- security, has directed the National Institutes for Standards and Technology (NIST) to work with stakeholders to develop a voluntary framework for reducing cyber risks to critical infrastructure. On July 18, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Oversight of Executive Order 13636 and Development of the Cy- bersecurity Framework.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Robert Kolasky, Director, Implementation Task Force, National Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Charles H. Romine, PhD, Director, Information Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Tech- nology, U.S. Department of Commerce; and Eric A. Fischer, PhD, Senior Specialist, Science and Technology, Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress. From July 10 through 12, 2013, Committee staff attended the third Cybersecurity Framework workshop in San Diego, California hosted by the University of California, San Diego and the National Health Information Sharing and Analysis Center (NH–ISAC). At this workshop, NIST presented an annotated outline of the initial draft Cybersecurity Framework for discussion. From September 11 through 13, 2013, Committee staff attended the fifth Cybersecurity Framework workshop in Richardson, Texas hosted by the University of Texas at Dallas. At this workshop, NIST presented the draft Preliminary Cybersecurity Framework for discussion. The purpose of attending the workshops was to participate in the development of the framework and meet with other stakeholders to inform continuing oversight of the development of the EO framework. In preparation for the hearing and workshops, Subcommittee Members and staff held a series of meetings with stakeholders participating in the development of the framework.

CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI–TERRORISM STANDARDS The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has the statutory authority, which currently expires on January 15, 2014, to regulate chemical facilities for security purposes. While the Subcommittee supports reauthorizing Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Stand- ards (CFATS), a number of concerns exposed by Congress and reports from both the DHS Office of the Inspector General (OIG) and the Government Accountability Office (GAO) must be addressed. Concerns include the adequacy and effectiveness of DHS efforts including program management. The explosion on April 17, 2013, at the West Fertilizer Company fertilizer distribution facility in West, Texas, led to additional focus on DHS’s ability to identify noncompliant facilities as the company had not reported to DHS under the CFATS program even though it appeared to have possessed more than the threshold quantities

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DOMINO The DHS National Protection and Programs Directorate, Net- work Security Deployment Branch is currently in the process of developing an approximately $920 million Request for Proposal (RFP) for the Development, Operations and Maintenance (DOMino) Fed- eral Enterprise Network Security Program. The Subcommittee has concerns regarding the size, scope, effectiveness and cost of the program. On August 6, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Department of Homeland Security on this acquisition to update timeline for the release of the RFP.

CONTINUOUS DIAGNOSTIC AND MITIGATION (CDM) PROGRAM The Subcommittee examined the progress of the Government– wide adoption of the $6 billion the Continuous Diagnostic and Miti- gation Program, which will consolidate Federal cybersecurity practices under one set of requirements. On October 30, 2013, Com- mittee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Depart- ment of Homeland Security on the CDM program to ascertain contract awards and timelines for deployment.

DOMESTIC NUCLEAR DETECTION OFFICE The Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) has the mandate to develop technologies to detect radiological threats within the United States. On March 14, 2013, Members of the Subcommittee received a briefing from representatives from the DNDO to investigate the adequacy of the office’s $200 million and the effectiveness of technologies under development. On January 29, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a classified briefing from representatives of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Of-

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NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY AND COMMUNICATIONS INTEGRATION CENTER (NCCIC) On Tuesday, January 14, 2014, Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing on the National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center. Representatives from the De- partment of Homeland Security and the National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center were present to respond to Member questions.

PERSONAL DATA PROTECTIONS The Subcommittee held a field hearing in Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania, on April 16, 2014, entitled ‘‘Protecting Your Personal Data: How Law Enforcement Works With the Private Sector to Prevent Cybercrime.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Ari Baranoff, Assistant Special Agent in Charge, Criminal Investiga- tive Division, United States Secret Service, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Richard P. Quinn, Assistant Special Agent in Charge, Philadelphia Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investiga- tion, US. Department of Justice; Mr. Jack Whelan, District Attor- ney, Delaware County, Pennsylvania; Mr. Ted Peters, Chairman and CEO, Bryn Mawr Trust; Mr. Thomas Litchford, Vice Presi- dent, Retail Technology, National Retail Federation; and Mr. Matthew Rhoades, Director, Cyberspace and Security Pro- gram, Truman National Security Project and Center for National Policy.

ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE On May 8, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Elec- tromagnetic Pulse (EMP): Threat to Critical Infrastructure.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. Trent Franks, a Rep- resentative in Congress from the Eighth District of Arizona; Dr. Peter Vincent Pry, Congressional EMP Commission, Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, Executive Director of the Task Force on National and Homeland Security; Dr. Michael J. Frankel, Senior Scientist, Penn State University, Applied Research Labora-

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CYBER THREATS TO THE HOMELAND On May 21, 2014, the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and In- telligence and the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection and Security Technologies held a joint hearing entitled ‘‘Assessing Persistent and Emerging Cyber Threats to the U.S. Homeland.’’ The Subcommittees received testimony from Mr. Joseph Demarest, Assistant Director, Cyber Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice; Mr. Glenn Lemons, Senior Intelligence Officer, Cyber Intelligence Analysis Di- vision, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Mr. Larry Zelvin, Director, National Cy- bersecurity and Communications Integration Center, National Pro- tection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Portions of this hearing were held in a classified Execu- tive Session.

DATA MINING On June 25, 2014, the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infra- structure Protection, and Security Technologies and the Committee on Education and the Workforce’s Subcommittee on Early Child- hood, Elementary, and Secondary Education held a joint hearing entitled ‘‘How Data Mining Threatens Student Privacy.’’ The Sub- committees received testimony from Mr. Joel R. Reidenberg, Stan- ley D. and Nikki Waxberg Chair and Professor of Law, Founding Academic Director, Center on Law and Information Policy, Ford- ham University School of Law; Mr. Mark MacCarthy, Vice Presi- dent, Public Policy, Software and Information Industry Association; Ms. Joyce Popp, Chief Information Officer, Department of Edu- cation, State of Idaho; and Mr. Thomas Murray, Director, State and District Digital Learning Policy and Advocacy, Alliance for Ex- cellent Education.

NUCLEAR AND RADIOLGICAL THREATS On July 29, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Pro- tecting the Homeland from Nuclear and Radiological Threats.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Dr. Huban A. Gowadia, Di- rector, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Department of Home- land Security; and Mr. David C. Trimble, Director, Natural Re- sources and Environment, U.S. Government Accountability Office.

NUCLEAR AND RADIOLGICAL THREATS On September 9, 2014, the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, In- frastructure Protection, and Security Technologies and the Com- mittee on Science, Space, and Technology Subcommittee on Re- search and Technology held a joint hearing entitled ‘‘Strategy and Mission of the DHS Science and Technology Directorate.’’ The Sub- committees received testimony from Hon. Reginald Brothers, Under Secretary for Science and Technology, Department of Home-

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CYBERSECURITY COOPERATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPE From October 13 through 22, 2014, a delegation of Subcommittee staff met with cybersecurity experts in the United Kingdom, Bel- gium, the Netherlands, and Estonia to discuss their efforts and coordination with United States government entities. In addition to meetings with US embassy staff in each country, other meetings included the United Kingdom Home Office, Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT–UK), Cabinet Office, and National Crime Agency; European Parliament Members and staff, private technology companies operating in the US and Europe, the US mission to the European Union; representatives of the European Cyberse- curity Center, the Dutch Cybersecurity Policy Unit, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the NATO Cyber Defense Center of Excellence; and, representatives of the Estonian government, private sector and academia. In preparation for the staff delegation, Subcommittee staff received briefings from representatives from the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, United States Secret Service, European Union and British government.

ELECTRIC GRID SECURITY On June 10, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from representatives of Argonne National Laboratory on their work on the security of the electric grid.

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS HELD ‘‘Cyber Threats from China, Russia and Iran: Protecting American Critical Infrastructure.’’ March 20, 2013. (Serial No. 113–9) ‘‘Striking the Right Balance: Protecting Our Nation’s Critical Infra- structure from Cyber Attack and Ensuring Privacy and Civil Liberties.’’ April 25, 2013. (Serial No. 113–13) ‘‘Facilitating Cyber Threat Information Sharing and Partnering with the Private Sector to Protect Critical Infrastructure: An Assessment of DHS Capabilities.’’ May 16, 2013. (Serial No. 113–17) ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Concerns with ObamaCare’s Information Sharing Apparatus.’’ Joint hearing with the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitle- ments. July 17, 2013. (Serial No. 113–25) ‘‘Oversight of Executive Order 13636 and Development of the Cyber- security Framework.’’ July 18, 213. (Serial No. 113–27) ‘‘West Fertilizer, Off the Grid: The Problem of Unidentified Chem- ical Facilities.’’ August 1, 2013. (Serial No. 113–30) ‘‘The Threat to Americans’ Personal Information: A Look into the Security and Reliability of the Health Exchange Data Hub.’’ September 11, 2013. (Serial No. 113–33)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00141 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 136 ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’Joint hearing with the Sub- committee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Com- munications. October 30, 2013. (Serial No. 113–39) H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Au- thorization and Accountability Act of 2014. February 27, 2014. (Serial No. 113–54) ‘‘Protecting Your Personal Data: How Law Enforcement Works With the Private Sector to Prevent Cybercrime.’’ April 16, 2014. Field hearing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Serial No. 113–65) ‘‘Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP): Threat to Critical Infrastructure.’’ May 8, 2014. (Serial No. 113–68) ‘‘Assessing Persistent and Emerging Cyber Threats to the U.S. Homeland.’’ May 21, 2014. Joint with the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence. (Serial No. 113–69) ‘‘How Data Mining Threatens Student Privacy.’’ June 25, 2014. Joint with the Committee on Education and the Workforce’s Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education. (Serial No. 113–75) ‘‘Protecting the Homeland from Nuclear and Radiological Threats.’’ July 29, 2014. (Serial No. 113–82) ‘‘Strategy and Mission of the DHS Science and Technology Direc- torate.’’ September 9, 2014. (Serial No. 113–83)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00142 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency held 15 hearings, receiving testimony from 65 witnesses, and considered one measure.

LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

DHS OIG MANDATES REVISION ACT OF 2014

PUB. LAW 113–ll†, S. 2651 To repeal certain mandates of the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General. Summary The purpose of S.2651 is to eliminate the congressional mandate for the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Inspector Gen- eral to conduct certain audits of the Department. These mandated audits cover issues including an annual evaluation of the Cargo In- spection Targeting System, Coast Guard performance, accounting of National Drug Control Policy Funds, and annual review of grants to states and high-risk urban areas. According to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, the mandates that would be repealed by S.2651 duplicate other reports conducted by DHS Components. By elimi- nating these mandates, the Office of Inspector General could use finite resources on other audit priorities. The legislation rescinding these mandates does not prohibit the DHS Office of Inspector Gen- eral from conducting periodic audits on these issues.

† Public Law number not available at the time of filing. (137)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00143 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 138 Legislative History S. 2651 was introduced in the Senate on July 24, 2014, by Mr. Coburn, and Mr. Carper and referred to the Senate Com- mittee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 2651 on September 16, 2014, and ordered the measure reported to the Senate, amended. The Senate considered S. 2651 on September 17, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported S. 2651 to the Senate on September 18, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–261. S. 2561 was received in the House on September 18, 2014, and referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and in addition to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within in the Committee, S. 2651 was referred to the Subcommittee on Over- sight and Management Efficiency, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security, and the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Homeland Security would agree to waive further consideration of S. 2651. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House-Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Trans- portation and Infrastructure acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Homeland Security and the support for Conferees, should a House-Senate Conference be called. The House considered S. 2651 under Suspension of the Rules on December 10, 2014 and passed the measure by voice vote. Clearing the measure for the President. S. 2651 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed S. 2651 into law on December 18, 2014.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00144 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 139 mental strategy to help ensure taxpayer dollars are spent in the most efficient and effective manner. Legislative History H.R. 4228 was introduced in the House on March 13, 2014, by Mr. Duncan of South Carolina, Mr. McCaul, Mr. Barber, and Mr. Daines, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4228 was referred to the Sub- committee on Oversight and Management Efficiency. On March 26, 2014, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Man- agement Efficiency considered H.R. 4228 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4228 on April 30, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 4228 to the House on May 6, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–436. The House considered H.R. 4228 under Suspension of the Rules and agreed to suspend the rules and pass H.R. 4228, amended, by voice vote. H.R. 4228 was received in the Senate on June 10, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

PRIVACY ISSUES The protection of the privacy of American citizens is critically important especially when implementing programs and policies to secure the Nation. Specifically, ensuring that the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) information gathering and analysis functions and other programs across its components adhere to established standards is a critical responsibility of DHS through its Chief Privacy Officer. On February 6, 2013, Members of the Sub- committee received a classified briefing on privacy issues and the role of the Department and the National Counterterrorism Center in collecting, analyzing, and storing intelligence on U.S. persons. Members learned how the Center is implementing its new ‘‘Guide- lines for Access, Retention, Use, and Dissemination of U.S. Persons Information.’’ On June 19, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from officials from the Office of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties on civil liberties concerns at border checkpoints. On January 8, 2014, Sub- committee staff received a briefing from the Chief Privacy Officer to discuss the Department’s on-going privacy efforts and Freedom of Information Act backlog. Based on concerns related to searches and seizures conducted at the nation’s borders and the related privacy implications, on Feb- ruary 18, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Sub- committee sent a letter to the Acting U.S. Customs and Border Protection Commissioner and Acting Director of the U.S. Immigra-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00145 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 140 tion and Customs Enforcement requesting more information on the implementation of border search policies. The Department responded on April 8, 2014. On August 13, 2014, Subcommittee staff met with the Chief Privacy Officer and Freedom of Information Act Director for an update on the Privacy Office’s current activities.

DHS SPENDING The terrorist attack of September 11, 2001, forced the United States to fundamentally rethink the threats it faces and its approach to defending the Nation. Today, the Department of Home- land Security (DHS) has a budget of almost $60 billion, employs more than 225,000 people, operates in more than 75 countries, and is the third largest Federal Department. At a time when the Na- tion stands at over $17 trillion in debt, a rigorous assessment is needed to review how the Department spends taxpayer dollars. On February 15, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘As- sessing DHS 10 years later: How Wisely is DHS Spending Tax- payer Dollars?’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. James Gilmore, III, President, Free Congress Foundation; Mr. Shawn Reese, Analyst, Emergency Management and Home- land Security Policy, Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress; Mr. Rick ‘‘Ozzie’’ Nelson, Vice President for Business Development, Cross Match Technologies; Ms. Cathleen Berrick, Managing Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office. The purpose of the hearing was to address the Department’s progress and shortcomings in implementing its various missions 10 years after its creation, integrating its components, and diligence in making sure taxpayer dollars are being spent efficiently. In addition, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter on Feb- ruary 28, 2013, to the Undersecretary for Management on the De- partment’s conference spending. The letter noted concerns over DHS’s conference spending and previous data provided to the Com- mittee. The Department provided a response on May 28, 2013. Ad- ditionally, on November 6, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee requested the Comptroller General of the U.S. review DHS’s management of fee based programs. In light of egregious waste related to Internal Revenue Service training videos uncovered by the Inspector General of the Depart- ment of the Treasury, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter on June 6, 2013, to the Undersecretary for Management, requesting that the Department provide the cost and types of internal training materials, especially videos, created by DHS and its components. To date, the Department has not provided a response. As a follow up to an audit by the Office of the Inspector General, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter on July 31, 2014, to the Acting Under Secretary for Management regarding DHS management challenges with the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act. The Department responded on August 22, 2014. In light of media reports of wasted taxpayer dollars on gym memberships by the Department, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter on August 26, 2014, requesting detailed information on these procurements. The Department responded on September

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00146 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 141 10, 2014; a follow up letter was sent on October 3, 2014, and the Department responded on October 27, 2014.

TSA’S PASSENGER SCREENING TECHNOLOGIES After the 2009 Christmas Day Northwest Flight 253 bombing attempt, deployment of the Advanced Imaging Technology (AIT) machines at airports Nation–wide accelerated, resulting in a total of 841 such machines being deployed to 208 airports. These machines were deployed to enhance TSA’s capability to identify non–metallic and liquid explosives, akin to the bomb used in the Flight 253 bombing attempt. Due to privacy concerns, in January 2012, Con- gress mandated in the FAA Modernization Act of 2012 (Pub. L. 112–95) that all advanced imaging technology be equipped with Automated Target Recognition. Because of this, all backscatter AIT units, which were unable to meet the new mandate, were removed from airports at the vendor’s expense. In an effort to review the TSA’s Passenger Screening Tech- nologies, on February 5, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee on Transportation Security and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency received a joint classified briefing. The Subcommittees were briefed by representatives from the Govern- ment Accountability Office (GAO) and the Department of Home- land Security’s Office of the Inspector General (OIG). The briefing addressed the development of the technology, challenges with the acquisition process, among other issues. Subsequent to the briefing, the OIG released a report on TSA’s deployment and use of AIT machines [OIG–13–120]. The OIG Report found that TSA did not develop a comprehensive deployment strategy to ensure all AIT units were effectively deployed and fully used for screening passengers due to the agency failing to have a policy or process requiring program offices to prepare strategic deployment plans for new technology that align with the overall goals of its Passenger Screening Program and lacking adequate internal controls to ensure accurate data on Advanced Imaging Technology utilization. As a result of the briefing, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of TSA. The TSA provided the Sub- committee with a response on March 15, 2013. The Subcommittee Chair also signed onto on-going GAO work evaluating TSA’s AIT program. On March 31, 2014, GAO issued its report titled Ad- vanced Imaging Technology: TSA Needs Additional Information Be- fore Procuring Next Generation Systems [GAO–14–357]. The report contained four recommendations for executive action. The Sub- committee intends to further review and monitor TSA’s Passenger Screening Technologies in conjunction with the Subcommittee on Transportation Security.

DHS HEADQUARTERS CONSOLIDATION AT ST. ELIZABETHS The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) stands as the third largest department in the Federal Government, with its components scattered at over 50 locations throughout the National Cap- ital Region. In an effort to consolidate locations and increase a uni- fied organization, construction is currently underway for a new headquarters facility. The construction of the Department’s Head-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00147 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 142 quarters at the St. Elizabeths campus, in Washington, DC. is the largest Federal construction project to occur in the National Cap- ital Region since the construction of The Pentagon. To date, over $1 billion has been appropriated for this project. On March 1, 2013, officials from the Department briefed Com- mittee staff on construction efforts at the St. Elizabeths facility and discussed budget requests. On March 15, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee conducted a site visit to the Department of Home- land Security Consolidated Headquarters at St. Elizabeths. While on campus, Members toured the facility and were briefed by the Department on construction progress and the status of consolidation efforts. As a follow up to this site visit, on March 20, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee requested the Government Account- ability Office (GAO) conduct a comprehensive review of the consolidation project. GAO issued its report on September 19, 2014, titled Federal Real Property: DHS and GSA Need to Strengthen Manage- ment of the DHS Headquarters Consolidation [GAO–14–648]. The report contained four recommendations for Executive Action and one Matter for Congressional Consideration. On May 30, 2013, Committee staff were briefed by officials from the General Services Administration (GSA) on the St. Elizabeths consolidated headquarters effort. Committee staff received separate briefings related to GSA contracts awarded for this project. The Subcommittee will continue to closely monitor this major project. On January 10, 2014, the Chair of the Subcommittee released a majority staff report titled Reality Check Needed: Rising Costs and Delays in Construction of New DHS Headquarters at St. Elizabeths. The report examined DHS’s planning process for its new headquarters and detailed how taxpayer dollars have been spent on the project to date. It questioned why DHS had not conducted a major reassessment of the effort. On September 19, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Oversight of the DHS Headquarters Project at St. Elizabeths: Impact on the Taxpayer.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. David Maurer, Director, Homeland Security and Justice, U.S. Government Accountability Office; Hon. Chris Cummiskey, Acting Under Secretary, Management Directorate, U.S. Depart- ment of Homeland Security; and Mr. Norman Dong, Commis- sioner, Public Buildings Service, U.S. General Services Administra- tion.

UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE The Subcommittee examined the homeland security operations of the United States Secret Service (USSS), including its critical role of protecting the President of the United States, particularly during the Presidential inauguration, and other duties. The Committee is also monitoring the upgrading and modernizing of USSS information technology (IT) capabilities, and issues related to employee integrity and morale. On January 18, 2013, the Committee staff traveled to the U.S. Secret Service, James J. Rowley Training Center in Beltsville, Maryland to receive a briefing on preparations for the 2013 Presidential inauguration. Committee Staff visited the Multi– Agency Communications Center and received a briefing on the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00148 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 143 planning and logistical details of the inauguration from cognizant Secret Service officials. On April 17, 2013, Members of the Subcommittee received a briefing with the Secret Service Director to discuss: The Director’s goals and priorities; budget issues; the Cartagena, Columbia, employee misconduct investigation; among other topics. Committee staff received a briefing from Secret Service officials on June 27, 2013 on the agency’s information technology modernization efforts. On August 8, 2013, Committee staff also received a briefing on the next generation Presidential limousine program and conducted a site visit at the Secret Service mail screening facility in Washington DC. On November 12, 2013, the Mem- bers of the Subcommittee conducted a site visit to the Secret Serv- ice training facility in Beltsville, Maryland. Members toured the facility and were briefed by Secret Service officials on their training programs. On December 17, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General requesting a review of the Secret Service’s current field office structure. The Government Ac- countability Office acknowledged receipt of this request. On April 10, 2014, Committee staff received a classified briefing on counterintelligence efforts at the agency. On April 10, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing with the Director of the Secret Service to discuss on-going misconduct issues. On May 6, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing on the United States Trade Representative’s upcoming protective detail to Abjua, Nigeria. On July 16, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing on the Se- cret Service’s protective operations and investigative missions. On August 6, 2014, Committee staff observed security preparations for the Africa Leaders Summit held in Washington, DC. On September 26, 2014, the Chair of the Full Committee sent a letter to the Director of the Secret Service requesting additional information regarding the September White House security breach. The Department responded on November 5, 2014. On November 13, 2014, the Deputy Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security met with Members and staff of the Com- mittee to discuss the results of Department’s investigation into the September 19, 2014, White House security incident.

DHS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY The Subcommittee reviewed the Department of Homeland Secu- rity’s (DHS) overall efforts to address information technology (IT) challenges, including the management and integration of the De- partment’s IT systems. The Committee reviewed the authorities and activities of the Chief Information Officer (CIO) to ensure the effective management and coordination of key IT systems planning, investment management, cloud computing, data consolidating, operations, policy development, and related personnel management. The Subcommittee also examined component CIOs—particularly U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and United States Customs and Im- migration Services (USCIS)—and their efforts to modernize and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00149 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 144 implement critical IT systems supporting our border agents and immigration officers. On February 21, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from the DHS Office of the Inspector General concerning their on-going IT Audits and IT management issues. From March 13 through 15, 2013, in preparation for the March 19, 2013 hearing, Committee staff received briefings from representatives from DHS, including: The DHS Chief Information Officer; USCIS, including the USCIS Chief Information Officer; CBP; and ICE, including the ICE Chief Information Officer. On August 22, 2013, Committee staff were briefed by the Transportation Security Ad- ministration (TSA) on its transportation infrastructure modernization efforts, which seeks to update TSA IT infrastructure in maritime, surface, and aviation environments. On March 19, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Information Technology: How Effectively Has DHS Har- nessed IT to Secure Our Borders and Uphold Immigration Laws?’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Margaret H. Graves, Deputy Chief Information Officer, Department of Home- land Security; Mr. David Powner, Director, Information Tech- nology Management Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office; and Mr. Charles K. Edwards, Deputy Inspector General, Depart- ment of Homeland Security. The purpose of the hearing was to assess how IT resources are being effectively utilized to help secure our borders and uphold immigration laws and how the Department is exercising proper management and oversight of its IT investments. As a follow up to this hearing, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee requested on March 21, 2013, that the Gov- ernment Accountability Office (GAO) examine the Department’s tactical communication acquisition programs. The Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee additionally requested on May 23, 2013, to sign onto an on-going GAO review of the TECS modernization program—the Treasury Enforcement Communica- tion System. Committee staff also received a briefing from the Of- fice of the Inspector General regarding its investigation related to the DHS Chief Information Officer. On December 5, 2013, GAO issued its report titled Border Secu- rity: DHS’s Efforts to Modernize Key Enforcement Systems Could be Strengthened [GAO–14–62]. The report contained eight recommendations for executive action. As a follow up to the GAO report, the Chair and Ranking Mem- ber of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Under Secretary for Management requesting more rigorous oversight of the TECS program by DHS and additional information. To–date, the Department has not responded. On February 6, 2014, the Subcommittee also held a hearing entitled ‘‘Examining Challenges and Wasted Taxpayer Dollars in Mod- ernizing Border Security IT Systems.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. David Powner, Director, Information Tech- nology Management Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office; Mr. Charles Armstrong, Assistant Commissioner, Office of Infor- mation and Technology, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Mr. Thomas Michelli,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00150 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 145 Chief Information Officer, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforce- ment, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. On February 10, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from the Chief Information Officer on information technology efforts and high–risk programs. As a follow up, on March 26, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing on DHS’s efforts to consolidate data centers. On April 4, 2014, the Subcommittee Chair, along with other Congressional requesters, wrote a letter to the Comp- troller General to request GAO review U.S. Citizenship and Immi- gration Service’s efforts to modernize its information technology programs. GAO acknowledged receipt of this request. On May 21, 2014 Subcommittee staff received a briefing on Man- agement Cube which is an initiative that will integrate the Depart- ment’s financial, acquisition, human capital, procurement, asset, and security data into a single location. On May 22, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from the Government Services Administration on that agency’s attempts to improve federal IT services. On June 16, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from TSA’s Chief Information Officer on on-going efforts to modernize TSA IT systems. On July 29, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing from the DHS CIO on on-going activities. On August 26, 2014, the Associate Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services briefed Sub- committee staff on USCIS management efforts, including USCIS IT transformation.

DHS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT The Subcommittee conducted oversight of the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) progress to properly manage financial systems and data to minimize inefficient and wasteful spending, make more informed decisions to manage its programs and implement Department policies. The Subcommittee also reviewed the Department’s efforts to enhance its managerial cost accounting, address internal control weaknesses in financial reporting, achieve a clean audit opinion on its financial statements, and reduce the reliance on manual data calls to collect cost information from the various components and compile consolidated, reliable data. In light of the Government Accountability Office’s (GAO) 2013 High–Risk report which identified financial management within the Department as high risk, on February 20, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Com- mittee and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Effi- ciency, and the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Pro- tection, and Security Technologies, sent a letter to DHS’s Chief Fi- nancial Officer regarding the Department’s financial management systems and efforts to obtain a clean audit opinion on its financial statements. The Department provided a response to this letter on March 8, 2013. On March 11, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from DHS’s Chief Financial Officer. The Chair of the Sub- committee sent a letter to the Comptroller General on June 6, 2013, to sign onto an on-going review of DHS financial management efforts being performed at the request of the Senate Home- land Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. GAO issued its report DHS Financial Management: Additional Efforts Needed

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00151 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 146 to Resolve Deficiencies in Internal Controls and Financial Manage- ment Systems on September 30, 2013, [GAO–13–561]. The report contained four recommendations for executive action. On July 8, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from DHS’s Chief Finan- cial Officer regarding DHS’s efforts to modernize its financial systems. To further examine these issues, on November 15, 2013, the Sub- committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s Stewardship of Taxpayer Dollars.’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from Mr. Chip Fulghum, Acting Chief Financial Officer, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Asif Khan, Director, Financial Management and Assurance, U.S. Government Accountability Office; and Ms. Anne Richards, Assistant Inspector General for Audits, Office of the Inspector Gen- eral, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of the hearing was to examine relevant GAO and Inspector General findings on DHS financial practices, including steps to obtain a clean audit opinion and implement financial management systems. On February 21, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from the Department of Interior’s Interior Business Center on its efforts as a federal shared service provider for financial management. On April 16, 2014, Subcommittee staff also received a briefing from the DHS Chief Financial Officer on the Department’s efforts to modernize its financial systems. On August 25, 2014, the Chief Financial Officer and senior Coast Guard officials updated Subcommittee staff on DHS financial systems modernization efforts. On September 10, 2014, the Chief Financial Officer and As- sistant Secretary for Strategy, Planning, Analysis, and Risk briefed Committee staff on the Department’s unity of effort initiative.

FEDERAL PROTECTIVE SERVICE The Subcommittee is concerned with, and is monitoring, the safety and security of Federal buildings and facilities, including: The lead role and effectiveness of the Federal Protective Service (FPS); its implementation of a risk–assessment Modified Infrastructure Survey Tool; its collaboration with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate; its use of and documenting of qualifications for contracting officers; and other issues related to its best practices in management and conducting effective risk assessment reviews. As part of on-going FPS oversight, the Committee requested that the Government Account- ability Office (GAO) examine the sources that inform how Federal agencies conduct their physical security programs, and the management practices that agencies use to oversee physical security activities and allocation physical security resources. In response to this request, on January 24, 2013, GAO issued its report entitled Facility Security: Greater Outreach by DHS on Standards and Management Practices Could Benefit Federal Agencies [GAO–13– 122]. The report contained two recommendations. The GAO also released a supplement to the report [GAO–13–22SP], which presented the results of GAO’s web–based survey of Executive Branch agencies about how they approach the physical security of facilities that FPS is not responsible for protecting. The Chair of the Sub-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00152 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 147 committee signed onto on-going work by the Government Account- ability Office (GAO) examining FPS contract guard management, Federal facility risk assessment process, and Federal facility evacuation preparedness. The GAO issued its report on FPS contract guard management on September 17, 2013, Federal Protective Service Challenges with Oversight of Contract Guard Program Still Exist, and Additional Management Controls are Needed, [GAO–13– 694]. The report contained three recommendations for executive action. The GAO issued its report on Federal facility evacuation preparedness on October 25, 2013, Federal Facilities: Selected Facili- ties Emergency Plans Generally Reflect Federal Guidance, [GAO– 14–101]. On March 5, 2014, GAO also issued its report entitled Federal Facility Security: Additional Actions Needed to Help Agen- cies Comply with Risk Assessment Methodology Standards [GAO– 14–86]. The report contained two recommendations for executive action. On February 13, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from the GAO concerning their on-going work related to the FPS. On March 4, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from the Fed- eral Protective Services Union. On March 20, 2013, Subcommittee Majority Staff received a briefing from FPS, DHS Deputy Director for Policy and Planning, and Deputy Director for Operations at the Federal Protective Service. On April 4, 2013, Committee staff visited FPS headquarters to receive a briefing on FPS’s risk assessment process and toured security operations at a local federal Fa- cility. On May 23, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency, and the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Se- curity Technologies Subcommittee, requested the GAO to review physical and information security efforts at Federal facilities. On June 12, 2013, Chairs and Ranking Members of the Full Com- mittee and the Subcommittee, requested the Comptroller General of the United States review the coordination and sharing of Federal facility security and threat information. On July 18, 2013, Com- mittee staff visited FPS operations at its C St. Facility in Wash- ington DC. to learn more about how FPS protects Federal buildings. Committee staff received a separate briefing from FPS officials related to its activities based cost modeling efforts. In light of the tragic shooting at the Washington Naval Yard on September 16, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing on October 30, 2013, entitled ‘‘Facility Protection: Implications of the Navy Yard Shooting on Homeland Security.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. L. Eric Patterson, Director, Federal Protective Service, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Gregory Mar- shall, Chief Security Officer, U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- rity; Ms. Caitlin Durkovich, Assistant Secretary, Infrastructure Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, testifying on behalf of the Interagency Security Committee; and Mr. Mark Gold- stein, Director, Physical Infrastructure Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office. The purpose of the hearing was to examine the state of physical security at Federal facilities and identify opportunities to prevent similar tragedies in the future. As part of the Subcommittee’s on-going oversight, Committee staff met with senior FPS officials on April 1, 2014, at the Service’s

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00153 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 148 headquarters in Washington, DC. to receive a briefing on the Modi- fied Infrastructure Survey Tool (MIST 2.0), and received a demonstration on their the Activity Based Costing/Management Model. On April 24, 2014, Committee staff toured a facility protected by FPS personnel to better understand how the Service conducts facility security assessments. On May 9, 2014, the Chair of the Sub- committee sent a letter to the DHS Under Secretary for the Na- tional Protection and Programs Directorate regarding misconduct allegations by senior FPS officials. FPS provided an oral briefing to respond to the questions in the letter. In addition, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the DHS Inspector General on June 17, 2014 to audit FPS’s utilization of its automobile fleet. The DHS Inspector General provided an interim response on June 24, 2014. On September 16, 2014, the FPS Deputy Director and Chief of Staff briefed Subcommittee Staff on FPS on-going activities.

SEQUESTRATION In March 2013, sequestration took effect resulting in a series of automatic, across the board spending cuts. The Department provided conflicting public statements on the impacts of these cuts. Initial plans to furlough Department employees were later avoided yet public statements from the Department on compromised border security and impassible airport screening lines caused undue alarm among the American people. As a result of these concerns, on April 12, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Impact of Sequestration on Homeland Security: Scare Tactics or Possible Threat?’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. Rafael Borras, Under Secretary for Management, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Thomas S. Winkowski, Deputy Commis- sioner, Performing the duties of the Commissioner, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. John Halinski, Deputy Administrator, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Daniel H. Ragsdale, Deputy Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Mr. Brandon Judd, President, National Border Patrol Council. The purpose of this hearing was to examine the Department’s preparations for sequestration and its conclusions on the possible impacts to homeland security. In light of an Inspector General report on ICE’s decision to release over 2,000 detainees in response to sequestration, the Sub- committee Chair, along with the Chair of the Full Committee and Chair of the Border and Maritime Security Subcommittee, sent a letter to the DHS Secretary requesting additional information on the planned actions of DHS to implement the report’s recommendations.

DUPLICATION AND WASTEFUL SPENDING The Government Accountability Office (GAO) and the Inspector General of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) have issued numerous reports identifying duplication and waste within DHS. Private sector best management practices also offer opportunities for DHS to improve operations. With the National debt at

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00154 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 149 about $17 trillion, rigorous oversight to identify and eliminate duplicative and wasteful programs is essential. As a result, on April 26, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Cutting DHS Duplication and Wasteful Spending: Implementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from Ms. Cathleen Berrick, Man- aging Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Gov- ernment Accountability Office; Ms. Anne L. Richards, Assistant In- spector General for Audits, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Paul G. Stern, Ph.D., Board Di- rector, Business Executives for National Security; Mr. Craig Killough, Vice President, Organization Markets, Project Manage- ment Institute; and Henry H. Willis, Ph.D., Director, The RAND Homeland Security and Defense Center. The purpose of the hearing was to assess the findings of the GAO and the Inspector Gen- eral related to duplication and waste within the Department and examine best practices identified by the private sector to improve DHS’s efficiency and effectiveness. As a follow up to this hearing, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter on May 17, 2013, to the Secretary of Homeland Security summarizing the hearing’s findings and requesting additional information on steps the De- partment has taken to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of its programs. The Department provided a response on December 15, 2013. Committee staff also received a briefing on March 26, 2013, from Department officials on DHS’s ‘‘See Something, Say Something’’ campaign to examine the campaign’s effectiveness and ensure taxpayer dollars are spent wisely. On September 23, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from GAO officials on the Department’s progress in addressing GAO’s High–Risk List area of ‘‘Strengthening Department of Homeland Security Management Functions.’’ The area includes issues related to DHS acquisition management, financial management, information technology management, human capital management, and management integration. The GAO’s High–Risk List includes areas at high risk due to vulnerabilities to fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement. The GAO has included DHS management functions in its High–risk List since 2003. On January 9, 2014, the Chairs of the Subcommittee and the Full Committee, sent a letter to the Director of the Office of Man- agement and Budget to review information from FLETC in regards to a proposal to construct a new diplomatic security training center. The letter encouraged OMB to limit potential duplication and fully review all information. The Chairs sent a follow up letter on May 19, 2014. On September 12, 2014, the Chairs requested the Comptroller General conduct an independent review of the project. On September 17, 2014, the Chairs sent a letter to Secretary of State requesting that funding be halted for the project until GAO can complete its review. On February 28, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from Department officials on its common vetting task force. This initiative is intended to reduce duplication and foster consistency across DHS’s vetting programs. To oversee duplication regarding DHS training programs, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a let-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00155 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 150 ter to the Secretary of Homeland Security on May 30, 2014, requesting the Department conduct a comprehensive review of its training programs for opportunities to consolidate. DHS provided an interim response on June 24, 2014. Based on concerns regarding duplication and wasteful spending, on June 26, 2014, Committee staff met with officials from DHS, GSA, and FBI regarding a newly proposed civilian cyber security campus. Staff questioned officials on the extent to which the costs and benefits had been analyzed. On September 4, 2014, the DHS Inspector General provided Sub- committee staff a briefing on on-going audits, investigations, as well as management initiatives within the Office.

DHS WORKFORCE MORALE Rigorous oversight of the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) efforts to improve workforce morale has been conducted since the Department continues to perform poorly in the Office of Personnel Management’s Federal Human Capital Survey and the Department’s own personnel surveys. As a result, the Chair of the Subcommittee signed onto on-going Government Accountability Of- fice (GAO) work assessing the Department’s recruitment and hiring strategies. The GAO issued its report on September 17, 2013, DHS Recruiting and Hiring: DHS Is Generally Filling Mission–Critical Positions, but Could Better Track Costs of Coordinated Recruiting Efforts, [GAO–13–742]. The report included one recommendation for executive action. On May 7, 2013, Committee staff were briefed by the Chief Human Capital Officer on the Employee Engagement Executive Steering Committee and Department leadership training to address the morale issues at the Department. On September 11, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from officials of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. On September 12, 2013, the Institute of Medicine released a report titled A Ready and Resilient Workforce for the Department of Home- land Security: Protecting America’s Front Line. The report contained seven recommendations to improve the readiness and resilience (the ability to withstand, recover, and grow in the face of stressors and changing demands) of DHS. On January 30, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from the Chief Human Cap- ital Officer on steps the Department is taking to analyze and address morale issues. On February 6, 2014, the Chair of the Sub- committee, along with the Chair of the Full Committee, sent a letter to the Under Secretary for Management to encourage the De- partment to improve its workforce resilience efforts. The Depart- ment responded on April 2, 2014. On March 20, 2014, Sub- committee staff organized a DHS focus group on morale issues hosted by the Partnership for Public Service. The focus group improved the Committee staff’s understanding of why employee morale is low in DHS and potential solutions. On April 16, 2014, Com- mittee staff received a briefing from the DHS Chief Human Capital Officer on the Department’s Human Resources Information Tech- nology (HRIT) program. As a follow up, on June 20, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General requesting GAO review the HRIT program. GAO acknowledged receipt of the request. On September 23,

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EMPLOYEE INTEGRITY Strong employee integrity within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is essential to homeland security. Although the vast majority of Department employees reflect the Department’s core values, even one corrupt employee represents a management challenge. As a result, the Chair of the Subcommittee signed on to GAO work evaluating employee misconduct issues at the Transpor- tation Security Administration (TSA). On July 30, 2013, GAO issued its report entitled Transportation Security: TSA Could Strengthen Monitoring of Allegations of Employee Misconduct [GAO–13–624]. The report contained four recommendations for executive action. To examine these findings, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency and the Subcommittee on Transportation Security held a joint hearing on July 31, 2013, entitled ‘‘TSA Integ- rity Challenges: Examining Misconduct by Airport Security Per- sonnel.’’ The Subcommittees received testimony from Mr. John Halinski, Deputy Administrator, Transportation Security Adminis- tration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Stephen M. Lord, Director, Forensic Audits and Investigative Services, U.S. Government Accountability Office; and Ms. Deborah Outten–Mills, Acting Assistant Inspector General for Inspections, Office of the In- spector General, U.S. Department of Homeland. The purpose of the hearing was to examine the scope of misconduct within TSA and determine to what extent the Administration is taking action to address employee integrity issues. On July 30, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing from TSA officials on on-going efforts to address misconduct. On August 19, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security requesting an update on the Department’s mandated report on investigating corruption in DHS. The Department provided a response on Decem- ber 5, 2013. On April 9, 2014, Subcommittee staff were briefed by colleagues at the Senate Homeland Security and Government Affairs Commit- tee’s Subcommittee on Financial and Contracting Oversight’s investigation and subsequent report concerning allegations of misconduct by the former acting Deputy Inspector General of the De- partment. On June 17, 2014, the Chairs of the Full Committee, the Sub- committee on Oversight and Management Efficiency, and the Sub- committee on Border and Maritime Security, sent a letter to the Commissioner of CBP regarding misconduct allegations against the Assistant CBP Commissioner for the Office of Internal Affairs. CBP provided a response on July 2, 2014. As a follow up to the Sub- committee’s July 2013 hearing, on July 30, 2014, Subcommittee staff received an update by TSA officials on employee misconduct. On August 12, 2014, ICE’s Office of Professional Responsibility provided Subcommittee staff an update on efforts to investigation misconduct by DHS employees.

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FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT OVERSIGHT The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the largest law enforcement agency in the Federal Government. According to the 2008 Census of Federal Law Enforcement Officers, DHS had more than 45 percent of all Federal law enforcement officers with arrest and firearms authority—with the number of officers totaling approximately 60,000. On May 23, 2013, Member of the Sub- committee conducted a site visit to the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) in Cheltenham, Maryland. The site visit provided Members the opportunity to tour the facility and receive briefings on FLETC operations. As a follow up to this visit, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Director of FLETC on June 14, 2013, related to FLETC training, the letter specifically requested information on the types of training FLETC provided to agencies outside DHS. FLETC provided a response to the Sub- committee on July 22, 2013. In addition, the Chair of the Sub- committee met with the Director of FLETC on June 19, 2013, to obtain an overview of FLETC’s operations. On July 26, 2013, Com- mittee staff received a briefing from FLETC officials regarding training provided to the Department of State. In response to concerns regarding the Federal Flight Deck Offi- cer program, the Chairs of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency and the Subcommittee on Transportation Security, sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security on June 6, 2013, requesting obtain information on the future of the program, including to what extent the Department plans to use FLETC to continue this essential training for pilots. A response was provided to the Subcommittees on July 29, 2013. Media reports of ammunition and weapons acquisitions by DHS spurred public interest and led to wide–ranging questions regarding the amounts of ammunition purchased by the Department. As a result, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee requested GAO to examine the Department’s ammunition and weapons procurements. On January 13, 2014, GAO issued its report titled Department of Homeland Security: Ammunition Pur- chases Have Declined since 2009 [GAO–14–119]. On Wednesday May 14, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from FLETC on DHS Training Centers. Subcommittee staff conducted visits to: CBP’s advanced training center in Harp- ers Ferry, West Virginia; and FLETC’s training center in Artesia, New Mexico; on August 7, and October 1, 2014, respectively.

DHS COMMUNICATIONS Effective communication is critical to implementing the Depart- ment of Homeland Security’s (DHS) mission of defending the Na- tion. However, numerous recent incidents indicated the Depart- ment was unresponsive to certain concerns from the American people. A sound communication strategy is important to help DHS’s credibility, implement policy, respond to natural disasters, and protect the homeland. On June 14, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Why Can’t DHS Better Communicate with the American People?’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Robert Jensen, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary, Office of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00158 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 153 Public Affairs, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Tamara Kessler, Acting Officer for Civil Rights and Civil Lib- erties, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Bill Braniff, Executive Director, National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, University of Maryland; and Mr. Doug Pinkham, President, Public Affairs Council. The purpose of this hearing was to assess the Department’s strategy for communicating on issues of importance and concern to the general public and key stakeholders. With continued concerns over the Department’s transparency with the American people, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to DHS’s Acting Chief Privacy Officer on June 13, 2013, requesting information on how the Department manages requests submitted under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). The De- partment provided a response on July 22, 2013. Due to the importance of this issue, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General of the United States on August 6, 2013, requesting a comprehensive review of DHS’s management of FOIA. On November 19, 2014, GAO issued its report Freedom of Infor- mation Act: DHS Should take Steps to Improve Cost Reporting and Eliminate Duplicative Processing [GAO–15–82]. The report contained four recommendations for executive action. On June 21, 2013, Committee staff were briefed by Assistant Secretary for the Office of Policy for Strategy, Planning, Analysis, and Risk regarding the Department’s strategic planning efforts as part of the Quadrennial Homeland Security Review. Officials from the Department responded to questions regarding to what extent the Department is seeking input from the public, industry, and other groups regarding the strategy, among other things. As a follow up, on November 15, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittees sent a letter to the Acting Secretary to ensure the review addresses critical homeland security issues and relevant recommendations. On February 25, 2014, the Chairs and Ranking Members of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Manage- ment Efficiency, and the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security regarding a report due to Congress by the end of 2013 on visa overstay data. To date, the Department has not responded.

IRAN IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE The Intelligence Community and the Department of Defense have previously raised significant concerns regarding the Islamic Republic of Iran’s presence in Latin America and the threat this presence poses to National security. A June 2013 State Department report responding to the Countering Iran in the Western Hemi- sphere Act of 2012 (Pub. L. 112–220) conflicted these findings by stating that the Iranian presence in the hemisphere is ‘‘waning.’’ To examine these important issues, on July 9, 2013, the Sub- committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Threat to the Homeland: Iran’s Extending Influence in the Western Hemisphere.’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from Mr. Ilan Berman, Vice Presi- dent, American Foreign Policy Council; Mr. Joseph M. Humire, Ex-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00159 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 154 ecutive Director, Center for a Secure Free Society; Mr. Blaise Misztal, Acting Director of Foreign Policy, Bipartisan Policy Cen- ter; Mr. Douglas Farah, President, IBI Consultants. The purpose of the hearing was to examine these findings and assess the threat to U.S. homeland security from Iran’s presence in the Western Hemisphere. On July 31, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing from officials from DHS, DOD, and the State Department on threats in Latin America facing the U.S. Homeland. Additionally, the Chair of Full Committee and the Chair of the Subcommittee requested the Government Accountability Office (GAO) examine the extent to which the Department of Homeland Security conducts covert testing to determine weaknesses in border security. On July 17, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing from U.S. Customs and Border Protec- tion, the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, and the Government Accountability Office on the Department of Homeland Security’s efforts to combat nuclear smuggling. In February 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to sign onto on–going work being conducted for the Chair of the Full Committee by the GAO related to Iran’s presence in Latin America and DHS’s international counterterrorism activities. The GAO issued its report on DHS’s international counterterrorism activities on September 25, 2013, Combating Terrorism: DHS Should Take Action to Better Ensure Resources Abroad Align with Prior- ities, [GAO–13–681]. It contained three recommendations for executive action. The GAO issued its report on Iran’s presence in Latin America on September 29, 2014. It contained one recommendation for executive action.

DHS ACQUISITION MANAGEMENT The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) invests extensively in major acquisition programs to develop new systems that help the Department execute its many critical missions. The Depart- ment is acquiring systems to help secure the border, facilitate trade, screen travelers, enhance cyber security, and improve disaster response, among other things. Oversight and accountability of these important acquisition programs is critical to ensure taxpayer dollars are not wasted. In February 2013, the Chair of the Sub- committee requested to sign onto on–going Government Account- ability (GAO) work related to U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s (CBP) acquisition of border surveillance technology and DHS’s multiyear acquisition planning process. On March 3, 2014, GAO issued its report titled Arizona Border Surveillance Technology Plan: Additional Actions Needed to Strengthen Management and Assess Effectiveness [GAO–14–368}. The report contained six recommendations for executive action. On April 17, 2014, GAO also issued its report entitled Homeland Security Acquisitions: DHS Could Better Manage Its Portfolio to Address Funding Gaps and Improve Communications with Congress [GAO–14–332]. The report contained nine recommendations for executive action. On March 21, 2013, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee re-

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QUADRENNIAL HOMELAND SECURITY REVIEW On June 20, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for the Quadrennial Home- land Security Review.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. Stewart A. Baker, Former Assistant Secretary for Policy, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Frank J. Cilluffo, Director, Homeland Security Policy Institute, The George Washington Uni- versity; Hon. Elaine C. Duke, Former Under Secretary for Manage- ment, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Dr. Henry H. Willis, Director, The RAND Homeland Security and Defense Cen- ter, The RAND Corporation. On July 23, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Sub- committee sent a letter to the Comptroller General requesting a review of the 2014 QHSR. The GAO acknowledged this request.

ORGAN MOUNTAINS–DESERT PEAKS NATIONAL MONUMENT On July 10, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Executive Proclamation Designating the Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks a National Monument: Implications for Border Security.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from the Hon. Stevan Pearce, Representative in Congress from the 2nd District, State of New Mexico; Mr. Brandon Judd, President, National Border Patrol Council; Mr. Todd Garrison, Sheriff, Sheriff’s Office, Don˜ a Ana County, New Mexico; and Marc R. Rosenblum, Ph.D., Deputy Di- rector, U.S. Immigration Policy Program, Migration Policy Insti- tute. The purpose of the hearing was to examine potential border security vulnerabilities on Federal lands.

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS On Friday, November 21, 2014, Subcommittee held a field hearing in Clemson, South Carolina, entitled ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Robert J. Fenton, Jr., Acting Deputy As- sociate Administrator, Office of Response and Recovery, Federal Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Dr. Jeffrey L. Payne, Acting Director, Coastal Manage- ment, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; MG Rob- ert Livingston, Jr., Adjutant General, State of South Carolina; Mr. Kim Stenson, Director, Emergency Management Division, State of South Carolina; Mr. John Skipper, Sheriff, Anderson County, South Carolina; Dr. Clifton R. Lacy, Director, University Center for Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Response, Rut- gers University; Mr. Jim Bottum, Chief Information Officer and Vice Provost, Computing and Information Technology, Clemson University; Mr. Thomas Louden, General Secretary, North and South Carolina Division, The Salvation Army; Dr. Jason Hallstrom, Deputy Director, Institute of Computational Ecology, Clemson Uni- versity; and Ms. Emily Bentley, Associate Professor, Homeland Se- curity and Emergency Management Program, Savannah State Uni- versity.

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SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS HELD ‘‘Assessing DHS 10 years later: How Wisely is DHS Spending Tax- payer Dollars?’’ February 15, 2013. (Serial No. 113–2) ‘‘DHS Information Technology: How Effectively Has DHS Har- nessed IT to Secure Our Borders and Uphold Immigration Laws?’’ March 19, 2013. (Serial No. 113–7) ‘‘The Impact of Sequestration on Homeland Security: Scare Tactics or Possible Threat?’’ April 12, 2013. (Serial No. 113–10) ‘‘Cutting DHS Duplication and Wasteful Spending: Implementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’ April 26, 2013. (Serial No. 113–14) ‘‘Why Can’t DHS Better Communicate with the American People?’’ June 14, 2013. (Serial No. 113–22) ‘‘Threat to the Homeland: Iran’s Extending Influence in the Western Hemisphere.’’ July 9, 2013. (Serial No. 113–22) ‘‘TSA Integrity Challenges: Examining Misconduct by Airport Secu- rity Personnel.’’ Joint hearing with the Subcommittee on Trans- portation Security. July 31, 2013. (Serial No. 113–29) ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’’’ Sep- tember 19, 2013. (Serial No. 113–3) ‘‘Facility Protection: Implications of the Navy Yard Shooting on Homeland Security.’’ October 30, 2013. (Serial No. 113–40) ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s Stewardship of Taxpayer Dollars.’’ November 15, 2013. (Serial No. 113–44) ‘‘Examining Challenges and Wasted Taxpayer Dollars in Modern- izing Border Security IT Systems.’’ February 6, 2014. (Serial No. 113–49) ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for the Quadrennial Home- land Security Review.’’ June 20, 2014. (Serial No. 113–72) ‘‘The Executive Proclamation Designating the Organ Mountains– Desert Peaks a National Monument: Implications for Border Security.’’ July 10, 2014. (Serial No. 113–77) ‘‘Oversight of the DHS Headquarters Project at St. Elizabeths: Im- pact on the Taxpayer.’’ September 19, 2014. (Serial No. 113–87) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ November 21, 2014. (Serial No. 113–90)

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RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman MIKE ROGERS,Alabama, Vice Chair CEDRIC L. RICHMOND, Louisiana, CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan Ranking Member SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas MARK SANFORD,South Carolina ERIC SWALWELL,California MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi (ex officio) (ex officio)

During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Transportation Security held 12 hearings, receiving testimony from 75 witnesses, and considered two measures.

LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

HELPING HEROES FLY ACT

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00165 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 160 aviation systems. The Committee has long advocated for less oner- ous airport screening for our men and women in uniform. In fact, this bill builds upon past legislation promoted by the Committee, including the Risk–Based Security Screening for Members of the Armed Forces Act (Pub. L. 112–86), which requires TSA to provide expedited screening to active duty military traveling on official orders. Legislative History H.R. 1344 was introduced in the House on March 21, 2013, by Ms. Gabbard, Mr. Joyce, and Mr. Richmond, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1344 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Se- curity. The House considered H.R. 1344 on May 21, 2013, under Sus- pension of the Rules and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 413 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 166). H.R. 1344 was received in the Senate on May 22, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. On August 1, 2013, the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 1344 by unanimous consent. The Senate then passed H.R. 1344, with an amendment, by unanimous consent. The House concurred in the Senate amendment to H.R. 1344, on August 2, 2013, by unanimous consent. H.R. 1344 was presented to the President on August 6, 2013, and signed into law on August 9, 2013, as Public Law 113–27. S. 1367 S. 1367, a Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on July 25, 2013, by Mr. Pryor and Ms. Ayotte; and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans- portation. S. 1403 S. 1403, a second Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on July 31, 2013, by Mr. Pryor and Ms. Ayotte; and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans- portation. The text of S. 1403 was adopted by the Senate during consideration of H.R. 1344 on August 1, 2013.

HONOR FLIGHT ACT

PUB. LAW 113–221 H.R. 4812 (S. 2659/S. 2671) To amend title 49, United States Code, to require the Administrator of the Trans- portation Security Administration to establish a process for providing expedited and dignified passenger screening services for veterans traveling to visit war memorials built and dedicated to honor their service, and for other purposes. Summary The Honor Flight Network is a non–profit organization that works to transport veterans on charter flights operated by commercial airlines to Washington, DC, to visit memorials built and dedicated in honor of their service. Currently, the Honor Flight Net- work prioritizes transporting WWII veterans, as well as veterans

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00166 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 161 from any war who have a terminal illness, but the organization intends to expand the program to transport veterans who served during the Korean and Vietnam Wars, eventually extending to veterans of more current wars. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) supports the Honor Flight Network by expediting the screening process for veterans visiting their memorials in the District of Columbia, saving the veterans time and showing them their due respect and appre- ciation. H.R. 4812 statutorily authorizes the collaboration between TSA and the Honor Flight Network, as well as with other non– profit organizations that transport veterans to visit memorials, so that the agency’s practice of ensuring expedited and dignified screening for veterans continues. Legislative History H.R. 4812 was introduced in the House on June 9, 2014, by Mr. Richmond, Mr. Hudson, and Mr. Palazzo, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4812 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Se- curity. The Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Secu- rity from further consideration of H.R. 4812 on June 11, 2014. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4812 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, without amendment, by voice vote. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 4812 to the House on July 3, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–516. The House considered H.R. 4812 under Suspension of the Rules on July 22, 2014, and passed the measure, as amended, by voice vote. H.R. 4812 was received in the Senate on July 23, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Technology. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 4812 on December 4, 2014, and passed by unanimous consent. Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 4812 was presented to the President on December 9, 2014. The President signed H.R. 4812 into law on December 16, 2014, as Public Law 113–221. S. 2659 S. 2659, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on July 24, 2014, by Mr. Murphy of Connecticut, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans- portation. S. 2671 S. 2671, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on July 28, 2014, by Mr. Toomey, and referred to the Sen- ate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

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AVIATION SECURITY STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION ACT OF 2014

PUB. LAW 113–238, H.R. 1204 (S. 1804) To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the Assistant Secretary of Home- land Security (Transportation Security Administration) to establish an Aviation Se- curity Advisory Committee, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 1204 authorizes the Aviation Security Advisory Committee (ASAC) and requires Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to consult with the ASAC on aviation security matters, including on the development and implementation of policies, programs, rulemakings and security directives. Additionally, the bill requires the ASAC to submit recommendations to TSA. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) established the ASAC in 1989 following the bombing of Pan American World Air- ways Flight 103. Upon the establishment of TSA, sponsorship of the ASAC was transferred to TSA. However, despite strong support from aviation security stakeholders who participated in the ASAC, TSA has allowed the ASAC’s charter to expire. On July 7, 2011, TSA published an announcement in the Federal Register to re–establish the ASAC, providing a setting for the aviation industry to formally communicate with TSA and on October 27, 2011, the Sec- retary of Homeland Security appointed 24 new members to the ASAC. On June 11, 2013, TSA published a notice of charter renewal in the Federal Register to announce the renewal of the ASAC. This legislation not only codifies current Department and TSA policy but also ensures that the ASAC remains intact. It is imperative that TSA interact with industry stakeholders for input on security procedures and technology to ensure that the Ad- ministration is implementing policies that are effective, workable, and will enhance aviation security for the traveling public. Legislative History 112th Congress H.R. 1447 was introduced in the House on April 8, 2011, by Mr. Thompson of Mississippi and Ms. Jackson Lee of Texas, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Com- mittee, H.R. 1447 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transpor- tation Security. On September 21, 2011, the Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Security from further consideration of H.R. 1447. The Committee proceeded to the consideration of H.R. 1447 and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, without amendment, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1447 to the House on November 4, 2011, as H. Rpt. 112–269. The House considered H.R. 1447 under Suspension of the Rules, on June 26, 2012, and passed the bill on June 28, 2012 by voice vote. H.R. 1447 was received in the Senate on June 29, 2012, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. 113th Congress

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00168 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 163 H.R. 1204 was introduced in the House on March 14, 2013, by Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, Mr. Richmond, Ms. Jackson Lee, and Mr. Swalwell of California and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1204 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Security. The Subcommittee considered H.R. 1204 on July 24, 2013, and forwarded H.R. 1204 to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 1204 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1204 to the House on December 2, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–278. The House considered H.R. 1204 under Suspension of the Rules, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 record vote of 411 yeas and 3 nays, (Roll No. 617). H.R. 1204 was received in the Senate on December 9, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 1204; the Senate then proceeded to the consideration of H.R. 1204 and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The House concurred to the Senate amendment to H.R. 1204 on December 10, 2014. under Suspension of the Rules, by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 416 yeas and 5 nays (Roll No. 560). Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 1204 was presented to the President on December 1, 2014. The President signed H.R. 1204 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–238.

TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ACQUISITION REFORM ACT

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00169 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 164 Legislative History H.R. 2719 was introduced in the House on July 18, 2013, by Mr. Hudson, Mr. McCaul, Mr. Richmond, and Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 2719 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security. The Subcommittee considered H.R. 2719 on July 24, 2013, and forwarded H.R. 2719 to the Full Committee with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 2719 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 2719 to the House on November 21, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–275. The House considered H.R. 2719 under Suspension of the Rules, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 record vote of 416 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 616). H.R. 2719 was received in the Senate on December 9, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 2719; the Senate then proceeded to the consideration of H.R. 2719 and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The House concurred to the Senate amendment to H.R. 2719 on December 10, 2014, under Suspension of the Rules, by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 425 yeas and 0 nays (Roll No. 559). Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 2719 was presented to the President on December 12, 2014. The President signed H.R. 2719 into law on December 18, 2014, as Public Law 113–245. S. 1893 S. 1893, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on December 20, 2013, and referred to the Senate Com- mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation considered S. 1893 on July 23, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the Senate with an Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute, favorably. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation, reported S. 1893 on November 17, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113– 274.

TO AMEND TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE, TO PROVIDE FOR LIMITA- TIONS ON THE FEES CHARGED TO PASSENGERS OF AIR CARRIERS.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00170 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 165 partisan Budget Act of 2013 (Pub. L. 113–67) applied a flat fee of $5.60 per one–way trip. The intent of Congress in modifying the fee structure was to have passengers pay the fee once, per one–way trip. While the law has previously capped fees for one–way trips and remained silent on a round trip cap, the Transportation Secu- rity Administration (TSA) has always correctly interpreted the law and maintained a commonsense policy of capping the fees for round–trip journeys to twice the cost of a one–way trip. This interpretation should have continued under the new fee structure. De- spite congressional intent, TSA eliminated the round-trip cap. By explicitly defining a round-trip, H.R. 5462 requires TSA to uphold its longstanding policy of capping round-trip air travel at twice the cost of a one–way trip. If TSA is allowed to continue ig- noring Congressional intent and enforcing its misguided regulations, travelers will pay upwards of $60 million in additional unau- thorized fees every year. According to air carriers, this would have a disproportionate impact on individuals from rural and under- served areas, who are already paying higher fares to reach their final destinations. Legislative History H.R. 5462 was introduced in the House on September 15, 2014, by Mr. Hudson, Mr. McCaul, Mr Thompson of Mississippi, and Mr. Richmond and referred to the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity. Within the Committee, H.R. 5462 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security. The House considered H.R. 5462 under Suspension of the Rules on September 16, 2014, and on September 17, 2014, passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 423 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 505). H.R. 5462 was received in the Senate on September 18, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation was discharged from further consideration of H.R. 5462 on December 4, 2014, and passed by unanimous consent. Clearing the measure for the President. H.R. 5462 was presented to the President on December 9, 2014. The President signed H.R. 5462 into law on December 19, 2014, as Public Law 113–294.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00171 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 166 their families, and establishes a request for proposals (RFP) process to select such organizations. Section 44945 of title 49, U.S.C., enacted as part of Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2005 (Pub. L. 108–334), authorized and directed unclaimed money collected at airport security checkpoints to be used for civil aviation security. According to the TSA report ‘‘FY 2012 Unclaimed Money at Airports,’’ which was prepared by TSA, from FY 2009 through FY 2012, TSA has collected an average of $465,285 from airport security checkpoints annually. Just in FY 2012 alone, TSA collected $531,395. However as of March 1, 2013, TSA only expended $6,539 for the purpose of civil aviation security. The Explanatory Statement contained in the Conference Report (H. Rpt. 112–492) that accompanied the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013, (Pub. L. 113–6), required TSA to issue a report on the feasibility of transferring the unclaimed money recovered at airport checkpoints to non–profit organizations that are selected on a competitive basis. According to the report, it would cost the Federal Government approximately $201,000 for the first year alone if TSA was to transfer the money to a nonprofit organization selected on a competitive basis. Further, the report concluded that to minimize administrative overhead, TSA would prefer to award the use of funding to one nonprofit organization. After reviewing TSA’s report, the Committee believes that in order to ensure fairness of opportunity while minimizing administrative overhead, TSA should transfer the funds after a RFP is issued. Currently, United Services Organizations (USO) is the sole non–profit operating airport lounges for military service members and their families. However, any non–profit organization that provides these kinds of services can submit a proposal to TSA to seek these unclaimed funds. Legislative History 112th Congress H.R. 2179 was introduced in the House on June 14, 2011, by Mr. Miller of Florida and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 2179 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Security. On March 7, 2012, the Subcommittee on Transportation Security considered H.R. 2179 and reported the measure to the Full Com- mittee with a favorable recommendation, without amendment, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 2179 on March 28, 2012, and ordered the measure to be favorably reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 2179 to the House on May 8, 2012, as H. Rpt. 112–468. 113th Congress H.R. 1095 was introduced in the House on March 12, 2013, by Mr. Miller of Florida and Mr. Rogers of Alabama; and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1095 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Se- curity.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00172 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 167 On October 29, 2013, the Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Security from further consideration of H.R. 1095. The Full Committee considered H.R. 1095 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1095 to the House on November 21, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–274. The House considered H.R. 1095 under Suspension of the Rules, and passed the measure by voice vote. H.R. 1095 was received in the Senate on December 9, 2013, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. S. 1804 S. 1804, the Senate companion measure, was introduced in the Senate on December 11, 2013, and referred to the Senate Com- mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation considered S. 1804 on July 23, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the Senate with an Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute, favorably. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- tation, reported S. 1804 on November 17, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113– 273.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00173 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 168 Legislative History H.R. 3202 was introduced in the House on September 27, 2013, by Ms. Jackson Lee, Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, and Mrs. Miller of Michigan, and referred to the Committee on Home- land Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 3202 was referred to the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security, and the Sub- committee on Transportation Security. On May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Se- curity considered H.R. 3202 and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, amended, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 3202 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, amended, by voice vote. The Chair of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture sent a letter on July 8, 2014, to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Transportation and In- frastructure would not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3202. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, agreeing to the jurisdictional interests of the Committee on Transportation and In- frastructure and the agreement to not seek a sequential referral of H.R. 3202. The Committee reported H.R. 3202 to the House on July 18, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–528. The House considered H.R. 3202 under Suspension of the Rules on July 28, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 400 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 456).

AIRPORT SECURITY ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 2014 H.R. 4802 To improve intergovernmental planning for and communication during security incidents at domestic airports, and for other purposes. Summary On November 1, 2013, a lone gunman entered Terminal 3 at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and began a shooting ram- page, which left Transportation Security Officer Gerardo Her- nandez dead and three other individuals wounded. While the response by law enforcement, Transportation Security Administra- tion (TSA) personnel, and emergency responders was heroic and impressive, after–action reports conducted on the incident showed gaps in communications and coordination procedures. H.R. 4802 seeks to improve security incident preparedness by directing TSA to verify that airports across the United States have incorporated procedures for responding to active shooters targeting security checkpoints into their existing incident plans. Additionally, the legislation would direct the Administrator of TSA to report to the appropriate Congressional committees the Administration’s findings regarding the levels of preparedness at airports. The bill would also mandate that TSA establish a mechanism by which best

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00174 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 169 practices in security incident mitigation can be shared with airports across the country and requires that the agency certify to the appropriate Congressional committees that all screening personnel have participated in training for active shooter scenarios. Addition- ally, TSA would be required to provide an analysis to the appropriate Congressional committees on how agency cost savings can be used to increase funding for reimbursable agreements for airport law enforcement over the next five years. Finally, the legislation would require TSA to conduct a review of the interoperable communications capabilities of the law enforcement, fire, and medical personnel responsible for responding to a security incident at airports in the United States. Legislative History H.R. 4802 was introduced in the House on June 5, 2014, by Mr. Hudson and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4802 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security. The Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Secu- rity from further consideration of H.R. 4802 on June 11, 2014. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4802 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 4802 to the House on July 3, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–512. The House considered H.R. 4802 on July 22, 2014, under Sus- pension of the Rules and passed the measure, as amended, by voice vote. H.R. 4802 was received in the Senate on July 23, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

TSA OFFICE OF INSPECTION ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2014 H.R. 4803 To require the Transportation Security Administration to conform to existing Fed- eral law and regulations regarding criminal investigator positions, and for other purposes. Summary H.R. 4803 addresses issues identified by the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General (DHS OIG) in its report Transportation Security Administration Office of Inspec- tion’s Efforts to Enhance Transportation Security [OIG–13–123], released in September 2013, as well as testimony received during the Subcommittee on Transportation Security’s January 28, 2014, hearing entitled ‘‘Examining TSA’s Cadre of Criminal Investigators.’’ The premium pay and other benefits afforded to Transportation Se- curity Administration (TSA) criminal investigators within the Of- fice of Inspection (OOI) who are incorrectly classified as such will cost the taxpayer as much as $17,000,000 over 5 years if TSA fails to make any changes to the number of OOI criminal investigators, according to the DHS OIG.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00175 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 170 This legislation requires TSA to certify to the Congress and the DHS OIG to validate, that only TSA employees who meet the relevant legal and regulatory requirements are classified as criminal investigators and receive premium pay. If the Inspector General finds that TSA is using inadequate or invalid data and methods to classify criminal investigators, TSA may not hire any new employee to work in OOI until TSA makes a new certification and the DHS OIG submits to Congress a finding that TSA utilized adequate and valid data and methods to make its certification. It also requires TSA to reclassify any criminal investigators who do not meet the legal requirements and report to Congress on any associated cost savings. In addition, this legislation would require TSA to submit to Congress any materials associated with OOI’s review of the use of a Federal Firearms License by Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS) officials to obtain discounted or free firearms for personal use. Furthermore, it requires TSA to submit information on specific actions that will be taken to prevent FAMS officials from using a Federal Firearms License and the agency’s relation- ships with private vendors to obtain discounted or free firearms for personal use. Legislative History H.R. 4803 was introduced in the House on June 5, 2014, by Mr. Sanford and Mr. Hudson and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4803 was referred to the Subcommittee on Transportation Security. The Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Transportation Secu- rity from further consideration of H.R. 4803 on June 11, 2014. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4803 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, amended, by voice vote. The Committee on Homeland Security reported H.R. 4803 to the House on July 3, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–513. The House considered H.R. 4803 on July 22, 2014, under Sus- pension of the Rules and passed the measure, as amended, by voice vote. H.R. 4803 was received in the Senate on July 23, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00176 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 171 trafficking awareness and training leads to more tips to law enforcement, resulting in more victims being identified. To that end, DHS established the Blue Campaign to raise awareness and offer training to law enforcement and others. The legislation seeks to ensure that the Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and other DHS personnel the Secretary deems appropriate are trained to effectively detect, intercept, and disrupt human trafficking in a manner relevant to their professional roles and responsibilities. Addi- tionally, the bill seeks to provide such personnel with the most current trends and information on matters pertaining to the detection of human trafficking. The bill would establish annual reviews, eval- uations, and updates to ensure that the training is consistent with current trends, patterns, and techniques associated with human trafficking. Additionally, the legislation would require the Sec- retary to certify to the relevant committees that all described personnel have received the training, as well as submit a report to the committees on the overall effectiveness of the program and the number of reported cases by DHS personnel. The Secretary would also be authorized to assist State, local and Tribal governments, as well as private organizations, in establishing training programs regarding trafficking in persons upon request from such entities. Legislative History H.R. 5116 was introduced in the House on July 15, 2014, by Mr. Meadows, Mr. McCaul, Ms. Loretta Sanchez of California, Mr. Hudson, and Mr. O’Rourke and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security, and in addition to the Committee on the Judi- ciary. Within the Committee, H.R. 5116 was referred to the Sub- committee on Transportation Security and the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security. The Chair of the Committee on the Judiciary sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security on July 17, 2014, agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on the judiciary would waive further consideration of H.R. 5116. The letter further requested the appointment of Conferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. On that same date, the Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security responded, acknowledging the jurisdictional interests of the Com- mittee on the Judiciary and the agreement to waive further consideration of H.R. 5116, and further supporting the request for Con- ferees should a House–Senate Conference be called. The House agreed to Suspend the Rules and passed H.R. 5116 on July 23, 2014, by voice vote. H.R. 5116 was received in the Senate on July 24, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

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OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

TSA SCREENING TECHNOLOGIES On February 5, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee on Transportation Security and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency received a joint classified briefing on the Transportation Security Administration’s (TSA) Passenger Screen- ing Technologies. The Subcommittees were briefed by representatives from the Government Accountability Office and the Depart- ment of Homeland Security’s Office of the Inspector General. The Subcommittee on Transportation Security continued to examine this issue with a second classified Member briefing on March 18, 2013. Representatives from TSA were present to respond to Member questions. On December 6, 2013, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Full Committee, and the Chair and Ranking Member of the Sub- committee sent a letter to Acting Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security and the Administrator of TSA regarding the revelation that a security technology manufacturer violated terms of an existing procurement contract with TSA. On February 11, 2014, the Committee received a response from the Department of Homeland Security, which included documents requested by the Committee. On February 25, 2014, TSA’s Office of Security Capabilities briefed Subcommittee staff on the agency’s five–year plan for procuring security–related technologies and other passenger screening measures. On February 27, 2014, the Subcommittee held a classified Mem- bers–only briefing on TSA’s Advanced Imaging Technology with Automated Target Recognition. Representatives from TSA and GAO were present to brief Members and respond to questions. On June 16, 2014 Committee staff met with TSA’s Chief Infor- mation Officer to discuss the Office of Information Technology’s priorities, challenges, and mission objectives. On November 3, 2014, Subcommittee staff visited TSA Head- quarters in Arlington, Virginia where TSA’s Office of Security Ca- pabilities and TSA’s Office of Acquisitions jointly briefed staff on TSA’s on-going acquisition efforts, including technology and services, and how these offices are working to save taxpayer dollars.

TSA’S RISK–BASED SECURITY INITIATIVES Since 2011, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has launched a series of risk–based security (RBS) initiatives aimed at improving passenger experience and security, including but not limited to Pre–Check. TSA Pre✔TM is a risk–based initiative that allows lower–risk travelers to experience expedited security screening at participating U.S. airport checkpoints. During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee conducted numerous hearings, briefings, and site–visits to examine the nationwide rollout of this initiative. In addition, TSA has applied a risk–based strategy to achieve the 100 percent screening of international inbound cargo on passenger aircraft, and continues to work with the air cargo industry on im-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00178 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 173 plementing RBS initiatives. Unfortunately, to date, TSA has not made similar efforts to streamline and reform its surface transportation programs, such as the Visible Intermodal Prevention and Re- sponse (VIPR) Program or develop a method by which the agency can display the value or cost–effectiveness of the programs. It has also not applied risk–based security principles to the screening of checked baggage. On March 14, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security.’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from Hon. John S. Pistole, Adminis- trator, Transportation Security Administration, Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of the hearing was to provide an opportunity for the TSA Administrator to discuss efforts of apply- ing a risk–based approach to TSA’s aviation and surface transportation programs and on-going efforts to make TSA more effective and efficient. The Subcommittee also examined the Administrator’s decision to modify the Prohibited Items List to allow passengers to carry small knives and certain sports equipment onboard commercial flights. The Subcommittee continued its oversight with a hearing on April 11, 2013, entitled ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Se- curity: Stakeholder Perspectives.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Ken Dunlap, Global Director, Security & Travel Facilitation, International Air Transport Association; Ms. Sharon L. Pinkerton, Senior Vice President, Legislative and Regulatory Policy, Airlines for America; Mr. Geoff Freeman, Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President, U.S. Travel Association; Mr. Michael C. Mullen, Executive Director, Express Association of America; Mr. Christopher U. Browne, Airport Manager, Wash- ington Dulles International Airport, testifying on behalf of the American Association of Airport Executives; and Mr. David A. Borer, General Counsel, American Federation of Government Em- ployees. This hearing was the second in a two–part series focused on TSA’s RBS initiatives. This hearing provided an opportunity to hear from industry stakeholders on their perspectives of the initiatives. In addition, on April 9, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the President of the Association of Professional Flight Attendants, regarding the association’s concerns on TSA’s changes to the Prohibited Items List. On December 4, 2013, TSA opened its first application site for its TSA Pre✔TM application program at the Indianapolis International Airport (IND). Since then TSA has opened hundreds of application centers nationwide. On January 31, 2014, the Subcommittee held a staff site visit to Dulles International Airport to visit and observe operations at the TSA Pre✔TM application center located at the airport. On March 5, 2014, the Subcommittee held a breakfast meeting with the Administrator of TSA to discuss transportation security issues and receive an update from the Administrator on TSA Pre✔TM and TSA’s FY 15 budget request. On April 10, 2014, TSA officials provided Subcommittee staff with an update on risk–based security and TSA Pre✔TM. The discussion included new airlines and populations gaining access to the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00179 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 174 program, including Department of Defense civilian employees who opt–in to the program. On May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee hosted a roundtable discussion on the future of TSA’s Pre✔TM program. The purpose of the roundtable was to: Explore how TSA can more effectively market the program to travelers to increase awareness and participation; evaluate TSA’s approach to expanding enrollment, including the utilization of private companies; examine what techniques and programs TSA is using to decide which passengers do not pose a threat to aviation; and understand how TSA determines the appropriate number of TSA Pre✔TM lanes and what changes can be made to more effectively utilize those lanes. In addition to the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee, representatives from the Administration and other stakeholders were present. The Subcommittee held a Member briefing on June 19, 2013, on TSA’s Pre✔TM Program. On June 20, 2014, Subcommittee staff met with the Technical Director from the Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency at DHS Science and Technology and a representative from the Office of Security Capabilities at TSA to discuss S&T’s findings with regard to how TSA could enroll additional passengers in TSA Pre✔TM by partnering with the private sector. Discussion topics included whether or not TSA would collect biometrics from enrollees, what type of biometrics would be collected, and other privacy and security–related issues. Staff met with representatives from GAO on September 25, 2014, to discuss GAO’s work to assess the effectiveness and evolution of TSA Pre✔TM. On October 6, 2014, TSA’s Chief Risk Officer provided Sub- committee staff with a briefing on expansion of TSA Pre✔TM enrollment to include third party vetting. Another briefing with the Chief Risk Officer was held on October 10, 2014 regarding an upcoming GAO report on TSA Pre✔TM and issues involving Managed Inclu- sion. Subcommittee staff met with the Assistant Administrator for Civil Rights and Liberties, Ombudsman, and Traveler Engagement on November 6, 2014, to discuss current initiatives, staffing levels, and other issues. The briefing also included a discussion of TSA Pre✔TM. and the Department of Homeland Security’s deliberations regarding biometric collection under the planned third–party TSA Pre✔TM enrollment.

TSA PROCUREMENT REFORM Technology procurement missteps have a large quantifiable cost to taxpayers. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) must take immediate steps to address its technology procurement challenges and implement necessary reforms in order to eliminate the wasteful technology expenditures that do not make the traveling public safer. The Subcommittee held a hearing on May 8, 2013, entitled ‘‘TSA Procurement Reform: Saving Taxpayer Dollars Through Smarter Spending Practices.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Karen Shelton Waters, Assistant Administrator, Office of Ac-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00180 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 175 quisition, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Depart- ment of Homeland Security; Mr. Paul Benda, Director, Advanced Research Projects Agency, Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Stephen M. Lord, Di- rector, Forensic Audits and Investigative Services, U.S. Govern- ment Accountability Office; and Mr. Charles K. Edwards, Deputy Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of this hearing was to address how TSA can improve and streamline its internal processes for procurement and increase small business participation while engaging the private sector in the research and development of new security technologies. The TSA expends significant funds each year on developing, purchasing, and maintaining screening technology. For example, in FY 2012, TSA spent more than $550 million for explosives detection screening technology, about two–thirds of which was for equipment procurements, and the rest for maintenance. The TSA is by far the largest purchaser of detection equipment in the Department of Homeland Security, with approximately $3 billion in inventories, deployed across all major U.S. airports and multiple storage locations. The Government Accountability Office and the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General have found, through numerous studies, that TSA is not effectively implementing government best practices and DHS policy for acquiring new security capabilities. This has resulted in acquisitions that have failed to meet security performance objectives and have wasted taxpayers dollars. The Subcommittee held a hearing on July 17, 2013, entitled ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on TSA Acquisition Reform.’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from Mr. Marc Pearl, President and CEO, Homeland Security & Defense Business Council; Ms. Shene´ Commodore, Government Contracts and Business Manager, Intertek, testifying on behalf of the Security Industry Association; and Mr. Dolan P. Falconer, Jr., Co–Founder, Chairman and Gen- eral Manger, Scan Tech Holdings. The focus of this hearing was to obtain industry perspective on how TSA can improve and streamline its internal processes for technology acquisition.

PERIMETER SECURITY, ACCESS CONTROL, AND PASSENGER EXIT LANES The Department of Homeland Security’s Fiscal Year 2014 budget request included a proposal to shift the responsibility for exit lane monitoring from TSA to airport operators at those airports where the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is currently responsible for monitoring exit lanes. This shift would have resulted in an estimated taxpayer savings of $100 million annually; however, airport operators strongly opposed this proposal due to the costs of assuming exit lane responsibilities, the timeline for implementation, the fact that TSA chose not to utilize the formal rulemaking process, as well as other factors. The Subcommittee held a Member briefing on June 27, 2013, on TSA’s plans to transfer the responsibility of monitoring passenger exit lanes to airport operators. Representatives from TSA were present to respond to Member questions. On October 18, 2013, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00181 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 176 the Administrator of TSA regarding the process the agency chose to follow to implement the transition. TSA provided a response on November 4, 2013. On December 26, 2013, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013 (Pub. L. 113–67) was signed into law, which included a provision requiring TSA to continue monitoring exit lanes at the 155 airports where TSA performed this function as of December 1, 2013. This forced TSA to cancel the plan it had begun to execute to amend Airport Security Programs (ASP) and transit exit lane responsibilities to certain airports. On May 20, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of TSA regarding TSA’s interpretation of section 603 of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013. On June 10, 2014, the Subcommittee received a response from the Administrator of TSA. Subcommittee staff received a briefing from TSA’s Office of Secu- rity Operations and Office of Security Policy and Industry Engage- ment on October 6, 2014, regarding concerns expressed by a labor group over the security of catering trucks and access to the sterile areas of domestic airports. On November 3, 2014, Subcommittee staff visited TSA Head- quarters in Arlington, Virginia and received a briefing on the security of airport exit lanes from TSA’s Office of Security Police and Industry Engagement and the Office of Security Capabilities. The briefing included a discussion of potential exit lane security technology and funding solutions. On December 3 2014, the Subcommittee hosted a roundtable discussion on the future of exit lane security. The purpose of the roundtable was to work toward identifying a viable long–term transition plan for exit lanes that encourages airports and TSA to invest in and deploy cost–effective exit lane solutions, including technology. In addition to Members of the Subcommittee, key public and private sector stakeholders participated in the discussion.

TSA WORKFORCE The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is one of the most publicly visible components of the Department of Homeland Security. With TSA assuming a front–line, high–profile position in the fight against terrorism, the agency is often in the spotlight when allegations of misconduct arise. The Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency and the Subcommittee on Transportation Security held a joint hearing on July 31, 2013, entitled ‘‘TSA Integrity Challenges: Examining Misconduct by Airport Security Personnel.’’ The Subcommittees received testimony from Mr. John Halinski, Deputy Administrator, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Home- land Security; Mr. Stephen M. Lord, Director, Forensic Audits and Investigative Services, Government Accountability Office; and Ms. Deborah Outten–Mills, Acting Assistant Inspector General for Inspections, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of this hearing was to examine how TSA handles allegations of misconduct among its employees including its investigation and adjudication process and to discuss

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00182 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 177 the hiring practices, policies and training it has in place to deter criminal or negligent behavior. In September 2013, the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General (DHS OIG) issued a report entitled, Transportation Security Administration Office of Inspection’s Ef- forts to Enhance Transportation Security. Among other things, the report found that Office of Inspection (OOI) did not use its staff and resources efficiently to conduct inspections, internal reviews, and covert testing. Specifically, the report states that TSA classified over 100 employees as criminal investigators (i.e. law enforcement officers) even though TSA could not confirm that those individuals spent the majority of their time on criminal investigative duties. On January 13, 2014, in response to the September 2013 DHS OIG report on TSA’s Office of Inspection, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of the TSA seeking additional information on TSA’s Office of Inspec- tion. This letter specifically asked for numbers related to cases opened and investigated, as well as employee classifications. On January 24, 2014, the Subcommittee received a response from the Administrator of TSA. On January 28, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled, ‘‘Examining TSA’s Cadre of Criminal Investigators.’’ This hearing focused on how TSA can improve the management of its Office of Inspection (OOI) to ensure that its criminal investigator positions are meeting the requirements set forth by Federal law and regulations. The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Roderick Al- lison, Assistant Administrator, Office of Inspection, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Karen Shelton Waters, Assistant Administrator, Office of Human Capital, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security; Ms. Anne L. Richards, Assistant Inspector General, Office of Audits, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. On June 5, 2014, Subcommittee staff met with TSA’s Office of Training and Workforce Engagement to discuss the specialized security training received by TSA personnel, as well as other types of training that TSA employees undergo. On July 30, 2014, Committee staff conducted a conference call with the Deputy Assistant Administrator of TSA’s Office of Secu- rity Operations to discuss what action TSA has taken to address the findings and recommendations outlined in the GAO report entitled, TSA Could Strengthen Monitoring of Allegations of Employee Misconduct [GAO–13–624]. The DHS Office of the Inspector General provided a classified briefing on October 9, 2014, to Subcommittee staff on recent covert testing activities measuring the effectiveness of TSA checked baggage screening at domestic airports. The report found human and technology based failures that led to vulnerabilities in screening. Subcommittee staff subsequently met with TSA officials on Novem- ber 14, 2014, to discuss the DHS OIG’s covert testing results. On November 6, 2014, Subcommittee staff visited TSA Head- quarters in Arlington, Virginia to meet with several TSA offices and receive updates on programs of interest. Specifically, sub-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00183 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 178 committee staff met with the Deputy Assistant Administrator of TSA’s Office of Security Operations to receive a briefing on the Of- fice’s current capabilities, operations, staffing levels, and planned development. This briefing provided a big picture view of the current structure of TSA’s frontline workforce. Subcommittee staff also met with TSA’s Office of Training and Workforce Engagement on November 6, 2014, to discuss how TSA is optimizing training efforts for its employees, as well as how the agency is working to unify training efforts. Specifically, TSA officials outlined the roles and responsibilities of Security Training In- structors who operate at airports across the country to train and develop the TSA workforce. Staff met with TSA’s Office of Public Affairs to receive a briefing on the Office’s efforts to improve TSA’s public image and provide the public with timely information pertaining to transportation security. Staff also met with the Assistant Administrator of TSA’s Of- fice of Inspection and the Assistant Administrator of TSA’s Office of Professional Responsibility to discuss progress made since the Subcommittee’s January 28, 2014 hearing and the issuance of the DHS OIG’s September 2013 report entitled, Transportation Secu- rity Administration Office of Inspection’s Efforts to Enhance Trans- portation Security. Additionally, TSA’s Office of Professional Re- sponsibility briefed staff on the agency’s efforts to promote integrity within the workforce.

DHS RESEARCH LABORATORIES On November 6, 2013, Members of the Subcommittee conducted a site visit to Duke University in Durham, North Carolina to examine the University’s homeland security research laboratories and receive a briefing by researchers on their on–going Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate–funded research, which seeks to develop future generations of airport screening technologies.

INTERNATIONAL AVIATION SECURITY During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee reviewed TSA’s efforts to mitigate the ever–evolving threats emanating from overseas. This included an examination of how TSA issues security directives/emergency amendments, performs airport assessments and air carrier inspections, and engages our international partners. The leadership of the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) receives a daily classified aviation intelligence briefing at the TSA headquarters in Arlington, Virginia every morning. On Feb- ruary 14, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee attended this briefing to better understand the terrorist threats to U.S. transportation systems. On March 7, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General of the U. S. requesting to be a co–re- questor of the Government Accountability Offices (GAO) review of TSA’s Secure Flight Program. In 2003, Congress directed the Department of Homeland Security through the Vision 100–Century Aviation Reauthorization Act (Pub. L. 108–176) to develop a program to ensure security of do-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00184 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 179 mestic and international aircraft repair stations. After no action was taken, in 2007 Congress mandated through the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 (Pub. L. 110–53), that TSA issue a final rule on aircraft repair station security by August 2008, otherwise the Federal Aviation Administra- tion (FAA) would no longer be authorized to certificate new foreign repair stations for U.S.–bound aircraft. The TSA missed the dead- line, and FAA certifications of new foreign repair stations were halted. In November 2009, TSA published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) for repair station security, with the comment period ending on February 19, 2010. Three years later, on March 14, 2013, the TSA Administrator announced to the Subcommittee at the hearing entitled ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Secu- rity,’’ that the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) received the final rule. In response to the announcement, the Chair and Vice Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter on April 18, 2013, to the Deputy Director for Management of the Office of Management and Budget regarding the status of the Aircraft Foreign Repair Station Rulemaking. On January 13, 2014, TSA issued the final rule [Federal Register DOC #: 2014–00415]. The Department of Homeland Security’s FY 2014 budget request eliminated funding for TSA’s Federal Flight Deck Officer (FFDO) program. On June 6, 2013, the Chairs of the Subcommittee on Transportation Security and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security expressing concern over the proposed elimination of funding for the FFDO program. The Department provided a response on July 29, 2013. On September 25, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General of the U.S. requesting to be a co– requester of GAO’s review of TSA’s Pre✔TM trusted traveler program. On January 22, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from TSA on the final rule for foreign aircraft repair station security. Subcommittee staff also visited a foreign aircraft repair station in Copenhagen, Denmark during a May 2014 staff delegation to Europe to observe implementation and compliance with the rule. Committee staff participated in a conference call with TSA officials on January 6, 2014, on efforts surrounding the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia. This briefing included security measures implemented for chartered U.S. air carriers transporting American citizens to Sochi, as well as an overview of how TSA’s Of- fice of Global Strategies worked with Russian Federation officials to assess the security of the airport in Sochi. On March 11, 2014, the Committee was informed that TSA formally entered into a preclearance screening agreement with the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for passenger screening at Abu Dhabi International Airport. On March 18, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Full Committee and the Chair and Ranking Mem- ber of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of TSA requesting a copy of the preclearance screening agreement between TSA and the U.A.E. for passenger screening at Abu Dhabi Inter- national Airport. The Committee received a response letter from

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00185 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 180 TSA, along with the requested screening agreement on April 1, 2014. From May 11 through 17, 2014, Subcommittee staff conducted a staff delegation to Germany, Denmark, and the United Kingdom to assess TSA and DHS efforts to work with foreign partners in protecting critical transportation systems from threats emanating from overseas. Staff met with various U.S. government representatives in each of the countries visited, as well as foreign government security and transportation officials in each country. For example, in Frankfurt, staff held a roundtable discussion with representatives of TSA’s Regional Operations Center–Europe to understand how TSA inspects, assesses, and implements security directives at foreign last point of departure (LPD) airports. Staff also met with the heads of security at Frankfurt International Airport, Copen- hagen International Airport, and Heathrow International Airport and toured security operations at each location. Staff also observed air cargo screening operations in Frankfurt and toured an aircraft repair station in Copenhagen with representatives from Scandina- vian Airlines and the Danish Civil Aviation Authority. In the United Kingdom, staff met with representatives from the Home Of- fice to discuss threats to aviation security and mutual cooperation between the UK government and TSA. On June 20, 2014, the Full Committee conducted a Member site visit to TSA Headquarters in Arlington, Virginia. The purpose of the visit was to participate in the Administrator’s Daily Intel- ligence Brief (ADIB). Mr. Stephen Sadler, Assistant Administrator for TSA’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis, and other officials from TSA, provided the intelligence briefing. On July 9, 2014, the Full Committee held a classified briefing on worldwide aviation–related threats. Representatives from DHS’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis and TSA were present to respond to Member questions. On October 30, 2014, Committee staff visited TSA Headquarters in Arlington, Virginia to meet with several TSA offices and receive updates on programs of interest. Staff met with TSA’s Office of Global Strategies, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, and Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service to discuss how these offices are identifying and responding to evolving international aviation security threats, including foreign fighters returning from Iraq and Syria.

BEHAVIOR DETECTION AND ANALYSIS The Transportation Security Administration’s (TSA) Screening of Passengers by Observation Techniques (SPOT) program involves Behavior Detection Officers (BDO) observing passenger behavior inside the airport. BDOs are trained to detect individuals exhib- iting suspicious behaviors that indicate they may be a threat to transportation security. The Subcommittee held a hearing on November 14, 2013, entitled ‘‘TSA’s SPOT Program and Initial Lessons From the LAX Shooting.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. John S. Pistole, Administrator, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Dr. Daniel Gerstein, Act-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00186 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 181 ing Under Secretary, Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security; Mr. Stephen M. Lord, Managing Director, Forensic Audits and Investigative Service, Government Accountability Office; and Mr. Charles K. Edwards, Deputy Inspec- tor General, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of this hearing was to examine challenges with TSA’s SPOT Program and to gauge whether SPOT is a scientifically valid program. On May 29, 2013, the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of the Inspector General (OIG) issued a report on the SPOT program entitled Transportation Security Administration’s Screening of Passengers by Observation Techniques [OIG–13–91]. The OIG concluded in its report that: TSA did not assess the effectiveness of the SPOT program; have a comprehensive training program for SPOT; ensure outreach to its partners regarding the implementation and operation of SPOT; or have a financial plan for the SPOT Program prior to Nation–wide implementation. On September 9, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General of the U.S. requesting to be a co– requester of a Government Accountability Office (GAO) review of TSA’s SPOT program. On November 13, 2013, GAO released a report entitled, TSA Should Limit Future Funding for Behavior Detection Activities. [GAO–14–158T] The report found, among other things, that available evidence does not conclusively support whether behavioral indicators, which are used in the SPOT program, can be used to identify persons who may pose a risk to aviation security. On March 3, 2014, TSA initiated a new Proof of Concept (POC) called the BDO Targeted Conversation (BTC) at Baltimore Wash- ington International Airport (BWI). On March 25, 2014, Sub- committee staff received a briefing from TSA on the BTC POC. On April 10, 2014, the Ranking Members of the Committees on Home- land Security, the Judiciary, and Oversight and Government Re- form sent a letter to the Administrator of TSA inquiring into why the agency was expanding the use BDOs without having addressed the findings and recommendations of OIG–13–91 and GAO–14– 158T. On April 17, 2014, Subcommittee staff conducted a staff site visit to BWI to observe TSA’s BTC POC. On June 4, 2014, Subcommittee staff met with TSA’s Privacy Of- ficer and the Assistant Administrator pf TSA’s Office of Civil Rights and Liberties, Ombudsman and Traveler Engagement to discuss privacy implications associated with TSA’s BTC POC. On October 10, 2014, Subcommittee staff received an update from TSA officials on the Behavior Detection and Analysis (BDA) program, including planned changes to the number of behavioral indicators used, reduction in the number of behavior detection officers, and changes to the deployment locations of officers.

AVIATION PASSENGER VETTING PROGRAMS On June 2, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from GAO on its audit of TSA’s Secure Flight program in advance of a Subcommittee hearing on the topic. The Committee requested that GAO review the current status of the Secure Flight program’s pri-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00187 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 182 vacy efforts, as well as the overall evolution of the Secure Flight program since its inception. In Secure Flight: TSA Could Take Ad- ditional Steps to Strengthen Privacy Oversight Mechanisms [GAO– 14–647], GAO found that TSA has implemented a number of planned privacy oversight mechanisms to the program, but should ensure that all Secure Flight program personnel receive job–specific privacy training. Also, GAO recommended that the agency establish a process by which it can track privacy–related issues. The report also focused on the Department of Homeland Security Re- dress Inquiry Program (DHS TRIP), which is the traveling public’s means of redress, if they feel they have been wrongly identified as a high–risk passenger in the Terrorist Screening Database. GAO found that DHS has made progress on shortening the length of time for redress applicants’ appeals, but that the average processing time for an appeal is about 276 days. In its other report, Secure Flight: TSA Should Take Additional Steps to Determine Program Effectiveness [GAO–14–531], GAO reviewed how Secure Flight has evolved into a program which deems passengers as either high risk, low risk, or unknown risk, as well as how such determinations are implemented at screening checkpoints by screeners. The report found that TSA has made errors in implementing risk determinations at checkpoints and could make progress in establishing ways to better track performance measures and examine the root causes of such screening errors. Subcommittee staff met with the Assistant Administrator of TSA’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis, and DHS officials on Sep- tember 9, 2014, to discuss the Secure Flight program in advance of a Subcommittee hearing on the topic. The briefers discussed the traveler redress process, as well as the threat posed by foreign fighters seeking to travel to the United States. On September 11, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Terrorist Screening Center to discuss the watch listing and traveler redress processes in advance of a hearing on TSA’s Secure Flight program. On September 18, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Safeguarding Privacy and Civil Liberties While Keeping our Skies Safe.’’ This hearing examined the processes and procedures surrounding the No Fly and Selectee Lists with a focus on TSA’s Secure Flight Program and DHS’ Traveler Redress Inquiry Pro- gram. The hearing covered findings of two GAO reports: Secure Flight: TSA Should Take Additional Steps to Determine Program Effectiveness [GAO–14–531] and Secure Flight: TSA Could Take Additional Steps to Strengthen Privacy Oversight Mechanisms [GAO–14–647]. The hearing also assessed TSA’s work in protecting passenger data and the government’s role in preventing terrorist travel, in light of the on-going threat posed by foreign fighters. The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Stephen Sadler, Assist- ant Administrator, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, Transpor- tation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Se- curity; Mr. Christopher M. Piehota, Director, Terrorist Screening Center, Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Jus- tice; and Ms. Jennifer A. Grover, Acting Director, Homeland Secu- rity and Justice, U.S. Government Accountability Office.

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AVIATION SECURITY FEES The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013 (Pub. L. 113–67) made minor modifications to the September 11th Security Fee (Passenger Fee) in an effort to streamline the process and eliminate a ‘‘per enplanement’’ fee structure. Under the Bipartisan Budget Act, Con- gress applied a flat fee of $5.60 per one–way trip. However, TSA misinterpreted congressional intent and subsequently eliminated the longstanding cap on round trip fees through regulations. On June 16, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Full Committee, and the Chair and Ranking Member of the Sub- committee sent a letter to the Acting Director of the Office of Man- agement and Budget regarding TSA’s interpretation and proposed implementation of the Bipartisan Budget Act’s modifications to the September 11th Security Fee. On June 20, 2014, the TSA published an Interim Final Rule in the Federal Register to implement changes to the TSA September 11th Security Fee. On July 17, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Mem- ber of the Full Committee, and the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Docket Clerk, Docket Man- agement Facility, U.S. Department of Transportation, to provide comment on the Interim Final Rule issued by TSA for the adjustment of the Passenger Civil Aviation Security Service Fee. Bipar- tisan legislation to clarify Congressional intent on the passenger fee was also unanimously passed by the House on September 17, 2014. See discussion of H.R. 5462, above.

NATIONAL EXPLOSIVES DETECTION CANINE TEAM PROGRAM TSA trains and deploys explosives detection canine teams in support of aviation security and surface transportation security. Dur- ing the 113th Congress, the Committee explored ways in which TSA’s National Explosives Detection Canine Team (NEDCT) program can be streamlined and enhanced, including through the certification of third–party vendors to train new canine teams for use in the all–cargo screening environment. Staff received a briefing from representatives from TSA and the DHS Science and Technology Directorate on June 16, 2014, to update the Committee on the NEDCT Program in advance of a Sub- committee hearing on the topic. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) canceled its explosive detection canine breeding program at Lackland Air force Base based on a determination that the program was not producing enough explosives detection canines to justify the annual costs. In response to TSA’s decision, on June 18, 2013, the Chair and Vice Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Secretary of Home- land Security expressing concerns about how the research and development that was achieved under the program would be used in the future. The Department provided a response on July 15, 2013. On June 24, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Utilizing Canine Teams to Detect Explosives and Mitigate Threats.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Annmarie Lontz, Division Director, Office of Security Services and Assessments, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security; Ms. Melanie Harvey, Director,

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SHOOTING AT THE LOS ANGELES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT On November 1, 2013, a gunman entered Terminal 3 of the Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), approached the passenger screening area and shot and killed Gerardo I. Hernandez, a Trans- portation Security Officer (TSO) who was checking passenger boarding passes. After shooting and killing Officer Hernandez, the first TSA employee to be killed while performing his duties, the gunman shot and injured two additional TSOs and one passenger, none of whom were fatally wounded. Upon engaging, shooting, and taking the gunman down, Officers of the Los Angeles World Air- port’s Police Division found a note on the gunman’s person expressing anti–government views and his intent to target and kill TSA employees. On November 15, 2013, the Mr. McCaul, Mr. Thompson of Mis- sissippi, Mr. Hudson, Mr. Richmond, Mr. McKeon, and Ms. Waters introduced H.Res. 415, expressing the sense of the House of Rep- resentatives with respect to the tragic shooting at LAX and hon- oring the dedicated public service of the TSO killed and the TSOs injured in the incident. On March 28, 2014, the Subcommittee conducted a site visit and held a field hearing at the Los Angeles International Airport entitled ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Preparing for and Respond- ing to Emergencies at Airports.’’ This site visit and hearing examined the shooting that occurred at LAX on November 1, 2013. The hearing also focused on lessons learned and whether security policies and procedures should be changed to better protect the airport environment from an active shooter. While the response by law enforcement, TSA personnel, and emergency responders was heroic and impressive, after–action reports conducted by TSA and the airport operator showed gaps in communications and coordination procedures. The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. John S. Pistole, Administrator, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Gina Marie, Lindsey, Executive Director, Los Angeles World Airports; Mr. Patrick M. Gannon, Chief of Airport Police, Los Angeles World Airports; and Mr. J. David Cox, Sr., National President, American Federation of Government Employees. The Subcommittee continued its oversight of airport preparedness and response issues with a hearing on May 29, 2014, entitled ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Airport and Law Enforcement Perspectives.’’ This hearing built upon the Subcommittee’s site visit and field hearing of March 28th by continuing to examine the shooting that occurred at LAX. This hearing looked at security incident management and response procedures at commercial airports across the U.S. The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Frank Capello, Director of Security, Fort Lauderdale—Holly-

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FEDERAL AIR MARSHAL SERVICE During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee conducted oversight of the Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS) to promote efficiency, examine office closures and other changes, and ensure accountability for FAMS employees, including senior leadership. Subcommittee staff received a briefing on February 27, 2014 from TSA’s Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS) to discuss FAMS’ pending workforce realignment. On April 4, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from the Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service to discuss the agency’s FY 2015 budget request. On April 10, 2014, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of TSA regarding allegations of unethical activity within the Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS) involving free or discounted firearms. On April 18, 2014, the Subcommittee Chairman received a response from the Administrator of TSA. On May 20, 2014, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of TSA requesting a copy of the Settlement Agreement reached between the FAMS Director and TSA prior to the Director’s retirement announcement. On June 9, 2014, the Chair of the Subcommittee received a response from the Adminis- trator of TSA, which included a copy of the Settlement Agreement. On September 9, 2014, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from TSA’s Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service on domestic flight coverage. On October 30, 2014, TSA’s Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service provided a briefing on the Visible Intermodal Prevention and Response (VIPR) program, including the composi- tion of each team and how TSA determines when and where VIPR operations should occur. On November 3, 2014, TSA’s Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service briefed Subcommittee staff on the Law En- forcement Officer Reimbursement program, including historic funding levels, eligibility criteria, and airport law enforcement engagement efforts.

SCREENING PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM Currently, 18 domestic airports participate in TSA’s Screening Partnership Program (SPP), which allows private companies to perform screening functions at those airports with direct oversight

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SURFACE TRANSPORTATION SECURITY The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has jurisdiction over the security of surface modes of transportation, including mass transit, pipelines, and railroads. While the vast majority of TSA’s resources and priorities are directed to aviation security efforts, the Subcommittee is aware of the continuing threat posed to the surface transportation sector, which faces unique security challenges. Subcommittee staff conducted a site visit to a pipeline pumping station in Rockville, Maryland on August 27, 2013, in order to tour security measures in place at the facility and meet with Wash- ington Gas and TSA officials to discuss pipeline security efforts. On September 12, 2013, Committee staff conducted a site visit to Washington’s Union Station to observe a demonstration of explosive detection canines, observe TSA passenger screening operations, and receive a briefing from Amtrak officials regarding on- going efforts to secure passenger rail. During the Subcommittee’s Staff Delegation to Europe on May 16, 2014, staff met with officials from the London Underground to tour the transit system’s security operations center and discuss threats to mass transportation, as well as to understand international efforts to secure surface transportation modes and share information between transit agencies, emergency first responders, and law enforcement. Subcommittee staff met with Amtrak officials on September 15, 2014, to discuss security challenges and priorities of Amtrak, as well as Amtrak’s relationship with TSA. Amtrak’s chief of police briefed staff on security efforts relating to active shooter scenarios, explosive detection, and human trafficking, as well as coordination with TSA VIPR teams. On Thursday, September 19, 2014, Subcommittee staff visited the Association of American Railroads’ security operations center to observe how the railroad industry receives threat intelligence from TSA and works to mitigate threats to surface transportation. The visit involved a demonstration of the industry’s common operating environment for railroad security incidents across the country, as well as a briefing on how the industry disseminates threat advisories to its stakeholders and personnel. On November 3, 2014, Subcommittee staff visited TSA Head- quarters in Arlington, Virginia to meet with several TSA offices and receive updates on programs of interest. TSA’s Office of Secu- rity Policy and Industry Engagement and TSA’s Office of Security Operations jointly briefed staff on the Surface Transportation Secu- rity Inspectors program. The discussion also included efforts to secure pipeline, rail, and mass transit systems.

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS HELD ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security.’’ March 14, 2013. (Serial No. 113–5) ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security: Stakeholder Per- spectives.’’ April 11. (Serial No. 113–5)

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SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

PETER T. KING,New York DONALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi, YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MARK SANFORD,South Carolina (ex officio) MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio)

During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications held 12 hearings, receiving testimony from 56 witnesses; and considered three measures.

LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

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113th Congress H.R. 1791 was introduced in the House on April 26, 2013, by Mr. Bilirakis, Mrs. Brooks of Indiana, and Mr. King of New York; and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 1791 was referred to the Subcommittee on Emer- gency Preparedness, Response, and Communications. On October 29, 2013, the Chair discharged the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications from further consideration of H.R. 1791. The Full Committee considered H.R. 1791 on October 29, 2013, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, as amended, by voice vote. The Committee reported H.R. 1791 to the House on November 21, 2013, as H. Rpt. 113–273. The House considered H.R. 1791 under Suspension of the Rules on February 3, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 391 yeas and 2 nays, (Roll No. 32). H.R. 1791 was received in the Senate on February 4, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

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VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00197 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 192 Summary This bill amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–296) to include, among the responsibilities of the Department’s Under Secretary for Management (USM), achieving and maintaining interoperable communications among the Department of Home- land Security’s components. Legislative History H.R. 4289 was introduced in the House on March 24, 2014, by Mr. Payne and Mrs. Brooks of Indiana and referred to the Com- mittee on Homeland Security. Within the Committee, H.R. 4289 was referred to the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Re- sponse, and Communications. On March 27, 2014, the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications considered H.R. 4289, and forwarded the measure to the Full Committee for consideration, without amendment, by voice vote. The Full Committee considered H.R. 4289 on June 11, 2014, and ordered the measure to be reported to the House, with a favorable recommendation, without amendment, by voice vote. H.R. 4289 was reported to the House on June 19, 2014, as H. Rpt. 113–484. The House considered H.R. 4289 under Suspension of the Rules on July 8, 2014, and passed the measure by a 2⁄3 recorded vote of 393 yeas and 0 nays, (Roll No. 370). H.R. 4289 was received in the Senate, on July 9, 2014, read twice, and referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

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DHS OIG MANDATES REVISION ACT OF 2014 S. 2651 To repeal certain mandates of the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General. Summary The purpose of S.2651 is to eliminate the congressional mandate for the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Inspector Gen- eral to conduct certain audits of the Department. These mandated audits cover issues including an annual evaluation of the Cargo In- spection Targeting System, Coast Guard performance, accounting of National Drug Control Policy Funds, and annual review of grants to states and high-risk urban areas. According to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, the mandates that would be repealed by S.2651 duplicate other reports conducted by DHS Components. By elimi- nating these mandates, the Office of Inspector General could use finite resources on other audit priorities. The legislation rescinding these mandates does not prohibit the DHS Office of Inspector Gen- eral from conducting periodic audits on these issues. Legislative History S. 2651 was introduced in the Senate on July 24, 2014, by Mr. Coburn, and Mr. Carper and referred to the Senate Com- mittee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs considered S. 2651 on September 16, 2014, and ordered the measure reported to the Senate, amended. The Senate considered S. 2651 on September 17, 2014, and passed the measure, amended, by unanimous consent. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs reported S. 2651 to the Senate on September 18, 2014, as S. Rpt. 113–261. S. 2561 was received in the House on September 18, 2014, and referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and in addition to the Committee on Homeland Security. Within in the Committee, S. 2651 was referred to the Subcommittee on Over- sight and Management Efficiency, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security, and the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications. The Chair of the Committee on Homeland Security sent a letter to the Chair of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture agreeing that, in order to expedite consideration on the House Floor, the Committee on Homeland Security would agree to waive

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OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE

SUPERSTORM SANDY Superstorm Sandy made landfall in New Jersey on October 29, 2012. Impacting the East Coast from Florida to Maine, the Na- tional Hurricane Center cites damage estimates of $50 billion, the second costliest disaster in U.S. history. In response to the storm, Congress passed the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, which the President signed on January 29, 2013 (Pub. L. 113–2). This Act appropriated $50 billion to fund response and recovery efforts related to the storm. To date, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has provided more than $1.4 billion in Individual Assist- ance to disaster survivors and $3.2 billion in Public Assistance to state, local, and tribal governments for emergency protective measures, debris removal, and repair and replacement of infrastructure in the hardest hit areas. Throughout the 113th Congress, the Sub- committee has conducted oversight of Federal efforts to assist states, localities, tribes, and individuals impacted by the storm. On January 11, 2013, Committee staff attended the FEMA Office of Response and Recovery’s quarterly briefing and received an update on changes to the National Flood Insurance Program and Hur- ricane Sandy recovery. On February 12, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee conducted a site visit to FEMA’s National Response Coordination Cen- ter in Washington, DC. This visit provided Members with an overview of FEMA’s mission, operations, and efforts to work with its State, local, and private sector partners as well as on-going Superstorm Sandy recovery efforts. Members met with the FEMA Administrator and other officials from throughout the agency. Fol- lowing the briefing, Members toured the National Response Coordi- nation Center. The Members of the Subcommittee conducted a site visit to the American Red Cross’ Disaster Operations Center and Digital Dis- aster Operations Center on March 12, 2013. The visit provided information on the Red Cross’ role in disaster response and services it provides through its local chapters, including an update on the Red Cross’ response to Superstorm Sandy. On March 15, 2013, Committee staff attended the FEMA Office of Response and Recovery’s quarterly briefing and received an update on implementation of the Sandy Recovery Improvement Act of

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DISASTER PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY Since the beginning of the 113th Congress, States and localities have experienced a number of disasters including: a terrorist attack in Boston, tornadoes in multiple states, wildfires, and flooding. It is imperative that the Federal Government, along with its partners at the State and local levels and the private sector, work to prepare for and respond to terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and other emergencies. Members of the Subcommittee attended a briefing conducted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Na- tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on March 21, 2013, to obtain information on National Flood Week. On March 28, 2013, Committee staff attended a briefing on the implementation of the Biggert–Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 (Subtitle A of Title II, of Pub. L. 113–41).

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00201 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 196 On June 6, 2013, Committee staff attended a briefing conducted by FEMA on the roll out of the Planning Frameworks mandated by Presidential Policy Directive–8, National Preparedness. On June 10, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General of the U.S. requesting that the Government Accountability Office (GAO) review the use of disaster assistance funding for direct administrative costs. The GAO agreed to this request and is expected to release its report in December 2014. On June 21, 2013, the Chairs of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response and Commu- nications the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Effi- ciency, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and the Chair of the Senate Homeland Security Subcommittee on Emergency Man- agement, Intergovernmental Affairs, and the District of Columbia, sent a letter to the Administrator of FEMA, regarding its Public Assistance program. The Committee received an interim response to this letter on November 26, 2013. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Department of Homeland Security’s National Protection and Pro- grams Directorate and the United States Secret Service, the De- partment of Education, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation on July 31, 2013, on interagency school security efforts. On August 6, 2013, the Subcommittee held a field hearing in Carmel, Indiana entitled ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Prepared- ness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Andrew Velasquez, III, Regional Administrator, FEMA Region 5, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. John Hill, Executive Director, Indiana Department of Homeland Secu- rity; Mr. Mark Bowen, Sheriff, Hamilton County, Indiana; Mr. Steven Orusa, Fire Chief, Fishers, Indiana; Ms. Diane Mack, University Director, Emergency Management and Continuity, Indi- ana University; Mr. Chad Priest, Chief Executive Officer, MESH Coalition, Inc.; Dr. Virginia Caine, Director, Public Health Admin- istration, Marion County Public Health Department, State of Indi- ana; Louis Profeta, M.D., F.A.C.E.P., Medical Director of Disaster Preparedness, St. Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana; Dr. H. Clifton Knight, Chief Medical Officer, Community Health Network; R. Lawrence Reed, II, M.D., F.A.C.S., F.C.C., Director of Trauma Services, Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital; and Dr. Mercy Obeime, Director, Community and Global Health, Francis- can St. Francis Health, Indianapolis, Indiana. This hearing explored on-going efforts at the Federal, State, local, and non–profit level to secure our most vital assets from a wide range of threats, including mass casualty events. The Chair of the Subcommittee addressed the Hazus Users Con- ference in Indianapolis, Indiana on August 7, 2013. On August 28, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of FEMA regarding preparations for addressing the needs of children during disasters. On September 4, 2013, Committee staff conducted a site visit of the Mount Weather Emergency Operations Center in Virginia to

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00202 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 197 receive a tour and briefing of the Federal Government’s continuity of operations programs. Committee staff participated in a conference call held by the FEMA on September 17, 2013, regarding the response to the wildfires in Colorado. On September 19, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Assessing the Nation’s State of Preparedness: A Federal, State, and Local Perspective.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. Timothy Manning, Deputy Administrator, Protec- tion and National Preparedness, Federal Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Mark Ghilarducci, Director, California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services, testifying on behalf of the National Governors Association and the Governors Homeland Security Advisors Council; Mr. Jeffrey W. Walker, Senior Emergency Manager, Licking Coun- ty, Ohio,testifying on behalf of the International Association of Emergency Managers; Chief James H. Schwartz, Fire Chief, Ar- lington County Fire Department, Arlington, Virginia, testifying on behalf of the International Association of Fire Chiefs; Ms. Kathy Spangler, Vice President, U.S. Programs, Save the Children. This hearing provided Subcommittee Members with an opportunity to reflect on the gains the nation has made in preparedness over the past 12 years and the challenges that still remain. Committee staff received a classified briefing from representatives of FEMA regarding its continuity of operations and continuity of government operations on September 23, 2013. On November 19, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee participated in a panel discussion hosted by POLITICO in Washington, DC. on emergency and disaster response. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and Indiana University regarding Hazus and its use to aid in mitigation planning activities on December 16, 2013. On January 16, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing on the FEMAStat program from representatives of FEMA. On January 22, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from the Science and Technology Directorate’s First Responder Di- vision to receive a briefing on research and development related to first responders. On March 25, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s FY2015 Budget Request: Ensuring Effective Preparedness, Response, and Commu- nications.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. W. Craig Fugate, Administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. This hearing provided Members with an opportunity to take an in depth look at the Fiscal Year 2015 budget request for the Federal Emergency Man- agement Agency. In preparation for this hearing, on March 10, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from the Federal Emergency Man- agement Agency to receive a briefing on the President’s Fiscal Year 2015 budget request for FEMA. On March 12, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Sub- committee sent a letter to the Comptroller General requesting that

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00203 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 198 the Government Accountability Office update its 2007 report on school security to assess the current state of schools’ emergency preparedness plans. The GAO has agreed to this request and the review is on-going. Committee staff visited the Washington Regional Threat Anal- ysis Center in Washington, DC, on May 2, 2014, to receive a briefing on the fusion center’s operations. On July 8, 2014, the Full Committee and Subcommittee Chairs visited the American Red Cross in Washington, DC. where they received a briefing on disaster response operations and toured the Disaster Operations Center and Digital Disaster Operations Cen- ter. Committee staff met with representatives from the Government Accountability Office on July 23, 2014, to discuss their on-going work to assess the National Network of Fusion Centers. On July 25, 2014, Committee staff attended FEMA’s Office of Re- sponse and Recovery Quarterly briefing and received an update on FEMA’s Strategic Plan. The Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of FEMA on August 1, 2014, inquiring about efforts to update of the National Incident Management Sys- tem guidance. The Committee received a response on August 20, 2104. Committee staff traveled to FEMA Region IX in Oakland, Cali- fornia, on August 21, 2014, and met with the Regional Adminis- trator and Deputy Regional Administrator and other subject matter experts to discuss on-going operations. On September 19, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a briefing on school security. Representatives from the U.S. Departments of Homeland Security, Education, and Health and Human Services, and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation were present to respond to Member questions. In preparation for this briefing, on September 9, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of the Department of Homeland Security, Department of Education, Department of Health and Human Services, and Fed- eral Bureau of Investigation to receive a briefing on Federal efforts to work with state and local education officials to enhance school security. On September 30 2014, Committee staff attended the National Preparedness Day Symposium. On October 2, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s Office of International Affairs to receive a briefing on current operations. Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s Office of National Capital Region Coordination on October 14, 2014, to receive an update on the Office’s current operations. Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s Office of Policy on October 28, 2014, to receive a briefing on the implementation of FEMA’s Strategic Plan. Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s National Preparedness Division on October 29, 2014, to receive a briefing on the 2014 National Preparedness Report.

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MEDICAL PREPAREDNESS The mission of the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Health Affairs is to provide health and medical expertise in support of the Department’s mission to prepare for, respond to, and recover from all hazards impacting the Nation’s health security. As a result, the Subcommittee conducted a number of oversight activities related to the Office of Health Affairs and other vital medical preparedness and response activities, including the Ebola outbreak. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) Office of Health Affairs (OHA) on February 28, 2013, on OHA’s mission and programs, including BioWatch, the National Biosurveillance Integration Center, and workforce health initiatives. On April 3, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from the American College of Emergency Physicians. On April 11, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from OHA to discuss the President’s Fiscal Year 2014 budget request for OHA. The Chair of the Subcommittee met with the Director, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on April 18, 2013, to discuss medical preparedness and the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS). On May 6, 2013, Committee staff met with the DHS Acting As- sistant Secretary for Health Affairs to discuss medial preparedness and OHA priorities. Committee staff met with representatives of the Department of Health and Human Services’ Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response to receive a briefing on current operations. The Chair of the Subcommittee gave the keynote address at the National Emergency Support Function 8 conference in Indianap- olis, Indiana on June 25, 2013. On July 2, 2013, Committee staff participated in a conference call held by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regarding the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) virus and H7N9 influenza. Committee staff met with representatives of the Emergency Services Coalition on Medical Preparedness on July 9, 2013, to discuss medical countermeasures for first responders. On September 3, 2013, Committee staff met with the Acting As- sistant Secretary for Health Affairs to discuss on-going activities within the Office of Health Affairs. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Institute of Medicine on September 11, 2013, regarding their report on the resilience of the Department of Homeland Security workforce. On January 15, 2014, the Chair of the Subcommittee met with the Acting Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security’s Of- fice of Health Affairs. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority on March 19, 2014, on efforts to research, develop, and deploy medical countermeasures.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00205 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 200 On May 20, 2014, Members of the Subcommittee conducted a site visit to the National Biosurveillance Integration Center in Wash- ington, DC On July 24, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of the Institute of Medicine to receive a briefing on the Department of Homeland Security’s workforce health initiatives. On September 11, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of the In- spector General to discuss the findings of their report, DHS Has Not Effectively Manage Pandemic Personal Protective Equipment and Antiviral Medical Countermeasures, [OIG–14–129]. Subsequent to this briefing, on September 16, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee on Emergency Pre- paredness, Response, and Communications and the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Manage- ment Efficiency sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security regarding the findings of OIG–14–129. The Members received an interim response to this letter on October 14, 2014, and additional response on October 30, 2014. Committee staff attended a briefing conducted by the UPMC Center for Health Security on the response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa on September 24, 2014. On October 1, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Department’s Management Directorate and Of- fice of Health Affairs on the findings of OIG–14–129. Throughout Fall 2014, Committee staff monitored the response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa and the cases in the United States. On October 16, 2014, the Chair of the Subcommittee and the Chair of the Subcommittee on Transportation Security sent a letter to the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Pre- vention requesting that healthcare workers who cared for Ebola pa- tients be placed on the Transportation Security Administration’s Do Not Board List for the duration of their 21 day monitoring period. The Committee has yet to receive a response. The Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the President of the United States on October 21, 2014, urging him to reappoint a Special Assistant to the President for Biodefense. The Committee has yet to receive a response.

OUTREACH TO STATE, LOCAL, AND TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS, AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR Throughout the 113th Congress, Committee staff met with various Federal agencies and stakeholder groups representing the first responder and emergency management communities to discuss issues of concern to their membership. These meetings included the International Association of Fire Chiefs, the National Emergency Management Association, the International Association of Emer- gency Managers, the National Sheriff’s Association, the Major Cit- ies Chiefs, the Jewish Federations of North America, and the American Red Cross. On February 11, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee visited the Indiana Intelligence Fusion Center to learn more about their mis-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00206 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 201 sion and their experience sharing information with Federal, State, and local partners. On February 15, 2013, Committee staff conducted a conference call with the Executive Director of the Indiana Department of Homeland Security to receive an update on the Department’s priorities. On March 20, 2013, Committee staff participated in a panel discussion at the National Emergency Management Association’s (NEMA) Mid Year Conference. Subsequently, on March 21, 2013, Committee staff attended a briefing with NEMA leadership to receive an update on their priorities. The Chair of the Subcommittee addressed a roundtable held by the Congressional Fire Services Institute on May 9, 2013. The Chair of the Subcommittee visited emergency management officials within Indiana on numerous occasions throughout the 113th Congress; including in Hamilton County, on May 29, 2013, and Madison County on June 21, 2013. On August 7, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee addressed the National Association of State Fire Marshals Annual Conference in Indianapolis, Indiana. Committee staff met with representatives of the 9/11 Museum Commission to discuss security efforts at the 9/11 Memorial site on November 21, 2013. Committee staff met with representatives of the Chamber of Commerce on January 23, 2014, to discuss disaster resilience. On January 28, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s Private Sector Division to receive a briefing on the Divi- sion’s current operations. Committee staff met with representatives of the leadership of the National Emergency Management Association on March 13, 2014, to receive an update on their priorities.

EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF ASSISTANCE TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND INDIVIDUALS The Department of Homeland Security has distributed nearly $40 billion in grants to States and localities since the attacks of September 11, 2001. Administered by Federal Emergency Manage- ment Agency’s (FEMA) Grant Programs Directorate, this funding is used to help jurisdictions prevent, prepare for, mitigate, and respond to terrorist attacks. In furtherance of the Subcommittee’s work to ensure that grant expenditures are appropriately measured and monitored, on Feb- ruary 22, and 28, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from FEMA to learn about its grants monitoring procedures and efforts to measure the effectiveness of these grants. Subsequent to these meetings, on March 19, 2013, the Sub- committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Homeland Security Grants: Measuring Our Investments.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. Timothy Manning, Deputy Administrator, Protec- tion and National Preparedness, Federal Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Anne L. Rich- ards, Assistant Inspector General for Audits, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; and Mr. David C.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00207 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 202 Maurer, Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Gov- ernment Accountability Office. This hearing examined the effectiveness and efficiency of homeland security grants and provided Mem- bers an opportunity to examine: The impact of these grants; how these grant dollars are utilized; how the impact is being; measured and how the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and FEMA are ensuring that grants are being used in a manner appropriate to their intent. On March 28, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives of the National Fusion Center Association regarding the use of grants by fusion centers. Committee staff met with representatives of numerous local stakeholder groups on April 26, 2013, to discuss the proposed Na- tional Preparedness Grant Program. On May 9, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives of the National Governors’ Association to discuss grants. Committee staff received a briefing from the FEMA’s Grant Pro- grams Directorate on May 20, 2013, on the Fiscal Year 2013 guidance for the Homeland Security Grant Program and other FEMA administered programs. On June 13, 2013, Committee staff met with the Assistant Ad- ministrator of FEMA’s Grant Programs Directorate to discuss FEMA’s preparedness grants. Committee staff participated in a conference call held by FEMA’s Grant Programs Directorate on June 17, 2013, regarding Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessments. On June 18, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing on the risk formula employed by FEMA to allo- cate State Homeland Security Grant Program and Urban Areas Se- curity Initiative grants. Representatives from the FEMA’s Grant Programs Directorate, the Office of Intelligence and Analysis, the Office of Infrastructure Protection, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection were present to respond to Member questions. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives from FEMA’s Grant Programs Directorate on Fiscal Year 2013 grant awards on August 22, 2013. Committee staff participated in a panel discussion at the Na- tional Governors Association Governors Homeland Security Advi- sors Council annual meeting on September 20, 2013, regarding homeland security grants. On September 25, 2013, Committee staff attended a briefing with representatives DHS’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis regarding the National Network of Fusion Centers Assessment, including the use of grants to fund fusion centers. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of FEMA’s Grant Programs Directorate on efforts to monitor grant funds on November 12, 2013. On January 27, 2014, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of FEMA regarding the implementation of the Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA). The Committee received a response on February 24, 2014.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00208 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 203 Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s Grant Pro- grams Directorate on January 30, 2014, to discuss the Fiscal Year 2014 grant cycle. On March 17, 2014, Committee staff participated in a conference call with representatives from FEMA’s Grant Programs Directorate to receive information on Fiscal Year 2014 grant allocations. On April 29, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Stakeholder Assessments of the Administration’s National Pre- paredness Grant Program Proposal.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Kris Eide, Director, Homeland Security and Emergency Management, State of Minnesota, testifying on behalf of the Governors Homeland Security Advisory Council and the Na- tional Emergency Management Association; Hon. Steven M. Fulop, Mayor, Jersey City, New Jersey; Mr. Troy Riggs, Director, Depart- ment of Public Safety, City of Indianapolis, Indiana; William R. Metcalf, EFO, CFI, FIFireE, Fire Chief, North County Fire Protec- tion District, Fallbrook, State of California, testifying on behalf of the International Association of Fire Chiefs; and Mr. Randy Par- sons, Director of Security, Port of Long Beach, testifying on behalf of the American Association of Port Authorities. After discussing the President’s proposal to consolidate a number of grant programs into a new National Preparedness Grant Program at length with Administrator Fugate at the Subcommittee’s hearing on the Fiscal Year 2015 budget request for FEMA, this hearing will provided Subcommittee Members with an opportunity to hear from the stakeholders who would be impacted by the reforms. In an effort to inform the grants hearing, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of FEMA on April 9, 2014, requesting answers to questions about the National Preparedness Grant Program. The Committee received a response on April 24, 2014. In preparation for this hearing, on March 18, and 24, 2014, Com- mittee staff met with representatives of stakeholder organizations and FEMA’s Grant Programs Directorate to discuss the Adminis- tration’s National Preparedness Grant Program proposal. On July 24, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from FEMA’s Grant Programs Directorate to receive additional information on Fiscal Year 2014 grant allocations. Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s Grant Pro- grams Directorate and the Office of Intelligence and Analysis on November 18, 2014, to receive a briefing about the use of grant funding to support fusion centers.

PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE TO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR THREATS Terrorists actively plot and have attempted to use weapons of mass destruction (WMD) to attack the United States. At a 2010 Committee on Homeland Security hearing with the Commissioners of the Commission on the Prevention of Weapons of Mass Destruc- tion Proliferation and Terrorism (WMD Commission), the Commis- sioners noted that ‘‘it is more likely than not that there will be a weapon of mass destruction used someplace on earth by a terrorist group before the end of the year 2013 and that it is more likely

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00209 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 204 that the weapons will be biological rather than nuclear.’’ In the WMD Commission’s report card on the Nation’s efforts to protect the Nation for WMD terrorism, the Government received a grade of ‘‘F’’ on its efforts to enhance the Nation’s capabilities for rapid response to prevent biological attacks from inflicting mass casual- ties. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives from Sandia National Laboratory regarding BioWatch and Generation— 3 on January 29, 2013. On February 1, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives of the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to receive a briefing on agricultural security. On February 25, 2013, Committee staff met with the Director of Texas A&M University’s Foreign and Zoonotic Disease Defense (FAZD) Center to receive a briefing of FAZD’s biosurveillance efforts. On March 5, 2013, the Subcommittee held a Member briefing on the Office of Health Affairs’ BioWatch program. The Assistant Sec- retary, Office of Health Affairs conducted the briefing and responded to Member questions. On March 25, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from GAO to discuss their work on BioWatch. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) Office of Health Affairs on April 3, 2013, regarding the National Biosurveillance Integra- tion Center. On May 6, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives from FEMA on the Radiological Emergency Prepared- ness Program. Committee staff met with representatives of the Center for Stra- tegic and International Studies and Sandia National Laboratory on May 16, 2013, regarding the release of their report, A Biological Threat Prevention Strategy. The Chair of the Subcommittee met with the DHS’s Undersecre- tary for Science and Technology on August 1, 2014, to discuss chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats. On September 25, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Office of Health Affairs regarding its Chem- ical Defense Program. The Chair and Ranking Member of the Full Committee and the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General of the U.S. on September 25, 2013, requesting that GAO review the progress made by the National Biosurveillance Integration Center, including an update of its December 2009 report, Biosurveillance: Developing a Collaboration Strategy is Essential to Fostering Interagency Data and Resource Sharing. On November 15, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing on the Office of Health Affairs Chemical Defense Program. Representatives from the Office of Health Af- fairs, along with representatives from DHS’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis, were present to brief the Members and respond to their questions. On January 29, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of the Institute of Defense Analyses to discuss the Analysis of Al-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00210 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 205 ternatives for the BioWatch Generation 3 acquisition. Subsequent to this meeting, on February 5, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from the Government Accountability Office to discuss the BioWatch Gen–3 Program. On February 11, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Bioterrorism: Assessing the Threat.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Dr. Robert P. Kadlec, Former Special Assistant to the President for Biodefense; Dr. Tom Inglesby, CEO and Director, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center for Health Security; and Dr. Leonard Cole, Director, Terror Medicine and Security, Depart- ment of Emergency Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School. As part of the Subcommittee’s on-going oversight of federal biosurveillance efforts, this hearing provided an assessment of the current bioterrorism threat from experts in the biodefense field. On March 12, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing on the threat of bioterrorism. Representatives from the National Counterterrorism Center, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis were present. On April 9, 2014, Committee staff traveled to the National Bio- surveillance Integration Center in Washington, DC. to receive a briefing on the Center’s operations and view the various pilot projects that are underway. Committee staff met with representatives of the Office of Health Affairs on May 1, 2014, to discuss the future of the BioWatch program in light of the cancellation of the Gen–3 acquisition. On June 10, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘BioWatch: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward.’’ The Sub- committee received testimony from Dr. Kathryn Brinsfield, Acting Assistant Secretary, Office of Health Affairs, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Hon. Reginald Brothers, Under Secretary, Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Chris Cummiskey, Acting Under Secretary, Manage- ment Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Chris Currie, Acting Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office; and Dr. Deena S. Disraelly, Research Staff, Strategy, Forces and Resources Divi- sion, Institute for Defense Analyses. This hearing examined the future of the BioWatch Program in light of the cancellation of the Gen–3 acquisition and considered the best path forward to ensure the United States is prepared to address bioterrorism threats. Following the hearing, in response to discussion about the Na- tional Biosurveillance Strategy Implementation Plan with witnesses, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee, the Chair and Ranking Member of the Full Committee, and other Com- mittee Members sent a letter to the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism requesting information on the implementation plan. The Committee received a response from Department of Homeland Security Deputy Secretary Majorkas on August 11, 2014. On July 14, 2014, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Science and Technology Directorate on the Inte- grated Terrorism Risk Assessment.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00211 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 206 On July 16, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing from the Department of Homeland Security’s Of- fice of Health Affairs on the capabilities of the BioWatch Gen–2 System. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Office of Health Affairs on August 13, 2014, on the Office’s responsibilities pursuant to the National Strategy for Biosurveillance Im- plementation Plan. Committee staff participated in a table top exercise relating to the response to the release of a bioweapon on September 8, 2014. Committee staff attended the BioWatch Workshop in Leesburg, Virginia on October 7, 2014. On October 22, 2014, Committee staff attended a briefing at Dahlgren Naval Base on testing of the BioWatch system. Committee staff met with representatives of the Department of Homeland Security, Department of Defense, and Department of Health and Human Services on November 14, 2014, to receive a briefing on the respective roles and responsibilities of the agencies under the National Biosurveillance Strategy Implementation Plan. Committee staff met with representatives of the Office of Health Affairs on November 20, 2014, to receive a classified briefing on the results of live agent testing of the BioWatch system.

EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, exposed communications failures with catastrophic implications. Communications challenges persisted during Hurricane Katrina. Since that time, great strides have been made in interoperable communications, including through the National Emergency Communications Plan and its associated goals and the establishment of the First Responder Net- work Authority (FirstNet). However, communications challenges remain. On January 28, 2013, Committee staff attended a roundtable to get stakeholder perspectives on the FirstNet and the development of the National Public Safety Broadband Network (PSBN). Committee staff met with representatives of the Office of Emer- gency Communications on February 22, 2013, to discuss the De- partment of Homeland Security’s role on the FirstNet board and with the Public Safety Advisory Committee (PSAC). On April 11, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from Association of Public–Safety Communications Officials (APCO) International to discuss SAFECOM and the National Pub- lic Safety Broadband Network. On April 12, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from the Office of Emergency Communications to receive a briefing on the President’s Fiscal Year 2014 budget request for the Office. The Subcommittee held a Member briefing on April 16, 2013, on the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Emergency Com- munications. The Director of the Office of Emergency Communica- tions, provided Members with an overview of OEC and its role in the First Responder Network Authority (FirstNet).

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00212 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 207 Committee staff met with representatives of the Interagency Communications Interoperability System on May 22, 2013, regarding the Public Safety Broadband Network and the T–Band. On July 18, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Department of Commerce’s National Tele- communications and Information Administration and the Depart- ment of Homeland Security’s Office of Emergency Communications on FirstNet and the development of the Public Safety Broadband Network. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Office of Emergency Communications regarding OEC’s efforts to update the National Emergency Communications Plan on Sep- tember 6, 2013. On September 24, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from the Association of Public-Safety Communications Offi- cials (APCO) International to discuss public safety communications issue. On November 20, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Director of the Office of Emergency Communications, regarding the need to update the National Emergency Communica- tions plan and requesting additional information on the Office of Emergency Communications’ efforts to do so. The Committee received as response on December 23, 2013. The Office of Emergency Communications released an updated National Emergency Plan on November 12, 2014. The Chair of the Subcommittee met with the Deputy General Manager of the First Responder Network Authority (FirstNet) on January 14, 2014, to receive a briefing on the status of FirstNet’s efforts to develop a nationwide public safety broadband network, including its plan for outreach to States. On January 31, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of the Department of Homeland Security’s Joint Wireless Program Management Office to discuss efforts to achieve and maintain interoperability between and among DHS component agencies. Committee staff met with representatives of the Office of Emer- gency Communications to on March 5, 2014, to receive a briefing on the Office’s current operations and efforts to update the Na- tional Emergency Communications Plan. As a result of the Subcommittee’s oversight of efforts to achieve and maintain interoperable communications among the Depart- ment of Homeland Security’s component agencies, the Sub- committee Ranking Member, joined by the Subcommittee Chair, introduced H.R. 4289, the Department of Homeland Security Inter- operable Communications Act. (For further action on H.R. 4289, see the legislation section above). On May 8, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee received a briefing from FirstNet on the First Responder Network Authority and efforts to develop and build a nationwide public safety broadband network. The Chair of the Subcommittee met with the Chairman of the Board of the First Responder Network Authority on July 15, 2014, to discuss FirstNet operations. On November 18, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Interoperable Communications: Assessing Progress Since

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SOCIAL MEDIA AND NEW TECHNOLOGY In today’s technology driven world, social media and other types of new technology are becoming one of the primary ways people receive, process, and relay information. Studies have shown that more than 60 percent of the people in the United States have at least one social media account, with many having multiple accounts including Facebook pages, Twitter profiles, and Pinterest boards. While social media originally started out as a way to share information among friends, it is evident that it has evolved to serve other functions, and is a prevalent source for news, advertising, and entertainment. There were numerous stories from Hurricane Sandy, the Boston Marathon bombings, and the Oklahoma tornadoes of how citizens used Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram to relay information to first responders, communicate with loved ones, and request assistance. The management of ‘‘big data’’ and the use of social media can provide enormous opportunities for efficiencies in emergency management. Committee staff met with representatives of the Federal Emer- gency Management Agency (FEMA) on April 11, 2013, to discuss the Agency’s use of social media, particularly as an aid in disaster response operations. On June 4, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Trans- forming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part1 #Privatesector.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Matthew Stepka, Vice President, Technology for Social Impact, Google.org; Mr. Jason Matthew Payne, Philanthropy Lead, Palantir Technologies; Mr. Michael Beckerman, President and CEO, The Internet Association; and Mr. Jorge L. Cardenas, Vice President, Asset Management and Centralized Services, Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc. This hearing examined advances in social media and technology and their applications for disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. The Subcommittee continued its hearing on Emergency Manage- ment 2.0, with a hearing on July 9, 2013, entitled ‘‘Emergency

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00214 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 209 MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Pre- paredness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part2 #Govt/NGOs.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Shayne Adamski, Senior Manager, Digital Engagement, Federal Emergency Manage- ment Agency, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Suzanne C. DeFrancis, Chief Public Affairs Officer, American Red Cross; Mr. Albert Ashwood, Chairman, NEMA Legislative Committee, Director, Oklahoma Department of Emergency Man- agement, testifying on behalf of the National Emergency Manage- ment Association; and Sergeant W. Greg Kierce, Director, Jersey City Office of Emergency, Management and Homeland Security, Jersey City, New Jersey. This hearing continued the discussion that began at the June 4th hearing and examined how emergency management practitioners are leveraging social media and new technology and working with the private sector to enhance their preparedness, response, and recovery capabilities, particularly through the lens of recent disasters. In preparation for these hearings, Committee staff met with various stakeholders in the public and private sectors to learn more about the applications of social media and new technology for disaster response and recovery. On June 12, 2013, the Chair of the Subcommittee met with the Department of Homeland Security’s Science and Technology Under- secretary and the Director of the First Response Division to discuss advancements in technology for disaster preparedness and first responders. Committee staff met with representatives of the Department of Homeland Security’s Science and Technology Directorate on June 27, 2013,to discuss the Virtual Social Media Working Group. On July 31, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives from FEMA to discuss FEMA’s implementation of Executive Order 13642, Making Open and Machine Readable the New Default for Government Information. Committee staff attended the Social Media in Emergency summit at George Washington University on August 13, 2013. As a result of testimony about the need for open and machine readable disaster related data received by the Subcommittee at the June 4th Emergency MGMT 2.0 hearing, on November 19, 2013, the Chair and the Ranking Member of the Subcommittee on Emer- gency Preparedness, Response, and Communications, the Chair of the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence, the Rank- ing Member of the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies, and other Members of the Committee, sent a letter to the Administrator of FEMA, regarding implementation of the requirements of Executive Order 13642. The Committee received a response on December 20, 2013. As a result of the Subcommittee’s examination of the rising role of the use of social media in disaster preparedness and response, on March 14, 2014, the Subcommittee Chair and Ranking Member, along with Representatives Palazzo and Swalwell of California, introduced the Social Media Working Group Act of 2014 (H.R. 4263). (For further action on H.R. 4263. see the legislation section above). On July 29, 2014, the Members of the Subcommittee conducted a site visit to the Washington DC. headquarters of Facebook. Mem-

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ALERTS AND WARNINGS Terrorist attacks and natural disasters can occur at any time, often with little–to–no notice. Alerts and warnings provided in advance of potential threats and hazards can help to direct the public to seek safety. The benefit of alerts and warnings were evident during the November 2013 outbreak of tornadoes in the Midwest. Mes- sages through sirens, television, radio, and cell phones alerted citizens to seek shelter from the storm and many noted that those messages got them out of harm’s way. On April 22, 2013, Committee staff held a conference call with representatives of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to discuss the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS). On May 7, 2013, the Subcommittee held a Member briefing on FEMA’s IPAWS. The Assistant Administrator of FEMA’s National Continuity Programs (NCP) Directorate responded to Member concerns. Committee staff also met with stakeholders regarding alerts and warnings on numerous occasions throughout the 113th Congress. Committee staff participated in a conference call with representatives from FEMA to discuss IPAWS and the application of new technologies. Committee staff met with stakeholders to discuss legislation to authorize the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System on No- vember 19, 2013. Committee staff met with representatives from the National Cen- ter for Missing and Exploited Children on April 15, 2014, to discuss the use of the IPAWS system for Amber Alerts. On July 24, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s Integrated Public Alert and Warning System program office to receive an update on the program’s activities.

TRAINING AND EXERCISES The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), through its National Exercise Division and partners such as the National Preparedness Consortium, supports training and exercises for emergency response providers. As terrorist continually change their tactics, these programs are vital for emergency response providers so they are prepared for the threats and hazards they face. On February 11, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives of Texas A&M University, a member of the National Domestic Pre- paredness Consortium, to receive an update on current operations and training programs. On February 15, 2013, Committee staff met with representatives of New Mexico Tech’s Center for Explosives Research and Edu- cation, a member of the National Domestic Preparedness Consor- tium, to receive an update on its training programs.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00216 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 211 Committee staff attended a briefing held by member universities in the National Domestic Preparedness Consortium on April 29, 2013. On July 15, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of FEMA’s National Exercise Division on the National Exercise Program. Committee staff visited Texas A&M University on August 14 and 15, 2013, to observe homeland security and emergency management training programs at the Texas Engineering Extension Serv- ice and learn about other homeland security programs conducted by Texas A&M. The visit included a tour of Disaster City. On November 1, 2013, Committee staff visited the Maryland Fire Rescue Institute to observe and participate in firefighter training and response activities. Committee staff met with representatives of FEMA’s National Exercise Division to discuss changes to the National Exercise Pro- gram on February 12, 2014. On February 26, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of the National Domestic Preparedness Consortium to receive a briefing on the various training opportunities offered by Consor- tium partners. Committee staff observed the NLE 2014 Capstone event on March 28, 2014. Staff traveled to the Master Control Cell to receive a briefing from FEMA and Department of Defense representatives on the disaster scenario. On June 3, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of NDPC Member, New Mexico Tech, to discuss the university’s training offerings. Committee staff attended a briefing given by the National Do- mestic Preparedness Consortium on June 18, 2014. On August 13, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives from FEMA’s National Exercise Division to receive a briefing on lessons learned from NLE 2014.

CYBER INCIDENT RESPONSE A cyber attack on critical infrastructure could have damaging cascading physical effects, and as such, state and local emergency management officials must be prepared to respond. While gains in cyber incident response capabilities have been made, the 2013 Na- tional Preparedness Report again highlights States’ concerns about their cybersecurity capabilities. It is vital that the Federal Govern- ment share information with emergency response providers about the cyber threat so they are prepared to respond. On April 25, 2013, Committee staff attended a workshop held by CNA on cyberpreparedness. On May 21, 2013, the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infra- structure Protection, and Security Technologies and the Sub- committee on Emergency Preparedness, Response and Communica- tions held a joint classified Member tour and briefing at the De- partment of Homeland Security’s National Cybersecurity and Com- munications Integration Center (NCCIC). Committee staff attended a briefing held by the National Gov- ernors Association’s Resource Center for State Cybersecurity on

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00217 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 212 September 26, 2013 on the release of its report, Act and Adjust: A Call to Action for Governors for Cybersecurity. On October 30, 2013, the Subcommittee on Emergency Prepared- ness, Response, and Communications and the Subcommittee on Cy- bersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies held a joint hearing entitled ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Ms. Roberta ‘‘Bobbie’’ Stempfley, Acting Assistant Secretary, Office of Cybersecurity and Communications, National Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Charley English, Di- rector, Georgia Emergency Management Agency, testifying on behalf of the National Emergency Management Association; Mr. Craig Orgeron, Chief Information Officer and Executive Direc- tor, Department of Information Technology Services, State of Mis- sissippi, testifying on behalf of the National Association of State Chief Information Officers; Mr. Mike Sena, Deputy Director, Northern California Regional Intelligence Center, testifying on behalf of the National Fusion Center Association; and Mr. Paul Molitor, Assistant Vice President, National Electrical Manufactur- ers Association. This hearing examined the extent of cyber threat information sharing and response capabilities to a cyber incident with physical consequences. In preparation for this hearing, Committee staff met with stakeholders to discuss information sharing related to cyber threats and cyber incident response capabilities. On September 18, 2013, Com- mittee staff also received a briefing from representatives of the De- partment of Homeland Security’s Office of Cybersecurity and Com- munications on the Department’s efforts to share cyber threat information with emergency response providers. Committee staff met with representatives of the National Gov- ernors Association to discuss cyber incident response on May 29, 2014. On August 27, 2014, Committee staff attended the National Science Foundation’s Cybersecurity Summit.

DEFENSE SUPPORT TO CIVIL AUTHORITIES In times of emergency, Federal, State, and local civilian response agencies can greatly benefit from the experience and capabilities of the United States Military, be it active duty, National Guard, or reserve forces. It is vital that civilian agencies are aware of, and can leverage, the support that the military is willing and able to provide. Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Defense on April 2, 2013, regarding the use of the Defense Produc- tion Act (Pub. L. 81–774) for disaster response activities. On October 3, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives of the National Governors Association regarding the issue of dual status command. Committee staff attended a briefing with the United States Army Reserve on November 20, 2013, to discuss the role of the military

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MASS GATHERING SECURITY On April 30, 2014, Committee staff met with representatives of the Department of Homeland Security’s SAFETY Act program office to receive a briefing on the parameters of the program and participating entities On June 23, 2014, the Subcommittee held a field hearing in Newark, New Jersey entitled ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordinated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in Newark, New Jersey and Other Large Scale Events.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Andrew McLees, Special Agent in Charge, Fed- eral Coordinating Officer, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforce- ment, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Lt. Col. Edward Cetnar, Deputy Superintendent, Operations, New Jersey State Po- lice; Chief Louis Koumoutsos, Chief of Security, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey; Mr. Dan Grossi, Director, Event Se- curity, National Football League; Mr. Daniel DeLorenzi, Director, Security and Safety Services, MetLife Stadium; Mr. J. Douglas Boles, President, Indianapolis Motor Speedway; and Dr. Fred S. Roberts, Director, Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence, Command, Control and Interoperability Center, for Ad- vanced Data Analysis, Rutgers University. This hearing examined the security considerations and planning necessary for a successful and secure mass gathering event through the lens of Super Bowl XLVIII and the Indianapolis 500. Committee staff traveled to Nationals Stadium in Washington, DC. on September 4, 2014, to receive a tour and briefing from security officials on efforts to secure the stadium and its visitors. From September 21 to September 23, 2014, Committee staff traveled to New York, New York to receive briefings and tours from the United States Secret Service on its efforts to secure the United Na- tions General Assembly Meeting.

MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF THE FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY Efficient and effective management of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is vital to ensuring its ability to meet its mission. Without the successful execution of management and operations, the Agency will not be able to fulfill its mission. On April 8, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from representatives from FEMA on its Qualification System and other workforce initiatives.

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SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS HELD ‘‘Homeland Security Grants: Measuring Our Investments’’ March 19, 2013. (Serial No. 113–6) ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Trans- forming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part1 #Privatesector.’’ June 4, 2013. (Serial No. 113–20) ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Trans- forming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part2 #Govt/NGOs.’’ July 9, 2013. (Serial No. 113–20) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Preparedness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ Field hearing in Carmel, Indiana, August 6, 2013. (Se- rial No. 113–31) ‘‘Assessing the Nation’s State of Preparedness: A Federal, State, and Local Perspective.’’ September 19, 2013. (Serial No. 113–35) ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’Joint hearing with the Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Se- curity Technologies. October 30, 2013. (Serial No. 113–39) ‘‘Bioterrorism: Assessing the Threat’’ February 11, 2014. (Serial No. 113–51) ‘‘The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s FY2015 Budget Re- quest: Ensuring Effective Preparedness, Response, and Commu- nications.’’ March 24, 2014. (Serial No. 113–58) ‘‘Stakeholder Assessments of the Administration’s National Pre- paredness Grant Program Proposal.’’ April 29, 2014. (Serial No. 113–66) ‘‘BioWatch: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward.’’ June 20, 2014. (Serial No. 113–70) ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordinated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in Newark, New Jersey and Other Large

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Clause 2(d), Rule X of the Rules of the House of Representatives for the 113th Congress requires each standing Committee to adopt an oversight plan for the two–year period of the Congress and to submit the plan to the Committees on Oversight and Government Reform and House Administration not later than February 15th of the first session of the Congress. Rule XI, clause 1(2)(d)(1) requires each Committee to submit to the House of Representatives not later than January 2, of each odd–numbered year, a report on the activities of that committee under Rule X and Rule XI during the Congress ending on January 3 of such year. Clause 1(2)(d)(3) of Rule XI also requires that such report include a summary of the action taken and recommendations made with respect to each such plan; and a summary of any additional oversight activities undertaken by the Committee, and any recommendations made or actions taken thereon. Part A of this section contains the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity Oversight Plan for the 113th Congress which the Full Com- mittee considered and adopted by unanimous consent on January 23, 2013, a quorum being present. Part B of this section contains a summary of the actions taken by the Committee on Homeland Security to implement the Over- sight Plan for the 113th Congress and the recommendations made with respect to this plan. Part B also contains a summary of the additional oversight activities undertaken by the Committee, and the recommendations made or actions taken thereon. PART A—COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY OVERSIGHT PLAN This is the oversight plan for the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity for the 113th Congress. It includes the areas in which the Committee expects to conduct oversight during the 113th Congress, but does not preclude oversight or investigation of additional matters as needs arise. The Full Committee will examine the following four key priorities, among other issues. PREVENTING A TERRORIST ATTACK ON THE HOMELAND Our enemies continuously plot to harm Americans. As we saw warning signs prior to the 9/11 attacks including the bombings of our embassies in Africa and attack on the USS Cole, we are experi- encing events today, which should cause concern. The Arab spring has brought some welcome changes to the Middle East. However, the region has also witnessed some dangerous warning signs, such as the assassination of our US Ambassador in Benghazi along with (217)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00223 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 218 three other Americans. We now see radical and dangerous groups achieving political prominence in the Middle East. This is a dangerous time for our nation and we cannot become complacent about the threats against us. During the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the per- sisting threats to Americans and American interests from Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) and new and emerging threats such as Iran and Hezbollah in the Western hemisphere. The Com- mittee will assess the various vulnerabilities of our nation’s systems and mechanisms that dangerous people and entities aspire to exploit, such as our aviation and other transit systems, our cyber networks, and critical infrastructure control systems. The Depart- ment of Homeland Security (DHS) has the responsibility to protect Americans from these dangers and the Committee intends to examine the Department’s relevant strategies and capabilities. The Committee will also continue to evaluate the Obama Admin- istration’s policy concerning the Detention Center at the US Naval Station Guantańamo Bay, Cuba. This oversight will include a review of the Secretary of Homeland Security’s role as a member of the President’s Guantańamo Detention Task Force, as outlined in Executive Order 13492. Furthermore, the examination will include a review of the potential risk of holding high–value detainees, such as Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and other co–conspirators of the attacks of September 11th on domestic soil; the risk of inadvertent disclosure of sensitive information during the trial; and the recommendations delivered by the Department as part of the Guantańamo Review Task Force.

SECURING OUR BORDERS During the 113th Congress, the Committee will continue to examine the Department’s efforts to secure land and maritime borders of the United States. The Committee will assess programs and technologies used to secure U.S. land borders on the north and the south, as well as the Caribbean region. The Committee will also examine how the Department is leveraging defense technologies to effectively secure the borders and how best to utilize equipment coming re–deployed from Iraq and Afghanistan. The Committee will continue to monitor the threat of spill–over violence stemming from the rise of drug cartels and the violent conflict throughout Mexico.

PROTECTING AGAINST CYBER ATTACKS In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the Depart- ment’s role in hardening our national critical infrastructure against cyber attacks by fortifying Federal and civilian networks and collaborating with the private sector to reduce vulnerabilities. The Committee will review the integration of the various cyber missions carried out across the Federal government and will monitor the De- partment’s role in fulfilling its goals in order to prevent a catastrophic cyber attack. The Committee will ensure that the Depart- ment facilitates the improved security of our Nation’s critical infrastructure while earning and building on the trust of the owners and operators of that infrastructure.

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MANAGING DHS WITH A BUSINESS–MODEL APPROACH In the 113th Congress, the Committee will oversee the Depart- ment of Homeland Security’s management and operations to ensure that it is functioning in the most efficient manner possible and accountable to the American people. The Committee will work to identify potential opportunities to leverage proven private sector best practices, find efficiencies that will contribute to the Depart- ment’s ability to meet its vital missions, and identify areas for cost savings. The Committee intends to conduct oversight and ensure better business practices in areas, such as acquisition, financial management, information technology, and employee morale.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

COUNTERTERRORISM The security of the American homeland is linked to international security as vulnerabilities in one part of the world can quickly become security threats in another. During the 113th Congress, the Committee will review the Department’s international counterterrorism activities. This review will include examining the roles, responsibilities, and resources devoted by the Department and its components to achieving United States goals to combat terrorism overseas. The Committee will examine the counterterrorism policies of the US government, with a focus on the Department of Homeland Se- curity. This examination will include an assessment of the worldwide threat against the US homeland from various groups, such as Al Qaeda core, Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), al Shahbab, Tehrik–i– Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Lashkar–e–Taiba (LeT), Boko Haram, and other emerging terrorist groups. The Committee will also examine Iran’s sponsorship of terrorism via its proxies, most notably Hezbollah, including expanding ties in the western hemisphere. This examination will include the extent to which the Department’s strategic planning efforts address these threats. The Committee will monitor the homeland security ramifications of potential military action against the illicit Iranian nuclear program and the geo- political ramifications across the Middle East and North Africa. The Committee will also monitor issues related to homegrown terrorist threats, economic threats, and terrorist travel and financing issues.

COUNTERINTELLIGENCE Throughout the 113th Congress, the Committee will track the development of the Department of Homeland Security Counterintel- ligence Program, to ensure it is fully meeting the Department’s needs. DHS’s counterintelligence efforts are intended to prevent ad- versaries from penetrating the Department to exploit sensitive information, operations, programs, personnel, and resources.

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UNCONVENTIONAL AND EMERGING THREATS In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the capabilities and efforts of the Department to identify, prevent, deter, and respond to emerging future threats. For example, GPS navigation systems have a significant impact on the daily lives of most Ameri- cans but these systems are highly susceptible to being jammed and hijacked. These threats could disrupt civil aviation and emergency communications, attack global financial exchanges, and corrupt the energy grid. The Committee will monitor the extent to which the Department effectively coordinates and collaborates with other relevant US agencies to mitigate these threats to the homeland.

HOMELAND SECURITY INTELLIGENCE ENTERPRISE During the 113th Congress, the Committee will conduct oversight of the Department of Homeland Security’s Intelligence Enter- prise, including intelligence activities throughout the Department and component agencies. This will include a focus on the coordination and collaboration across intelligence offices and personnel within the Headquarters’ elements and component agencies. Addi- tionally, the Committee will review efforts to build the intelligence, analytical, and assessment capabilities of the Department and to ensure its full participation in the Intelligence Community as part of its homeland security mission. This will include an examination of the hiring authorities, practices, and career–development of intelligence analysts and professionals within Headquarters elements and component agencies. The Committee will examine the Depart- ment’s role in managing, distributing, and otherwise using terrorist threat information in furtherance of its homeland security mission. The Committee will also examine national security clearance policies and processes within the Department.

INFORMATION SHARING During the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the progress being made to improve terrorist and homeland security information sharing efforts among Federal, state, and local governments, law enforcement entities, first responders, emergency management personnel, and the private sector. The Committee will examine the Department of Homeland Security’s efforts to coordinate information sharing efforts from across the Federal government to and from state and local fusion centers throughout the country. As part of this examination, the Committee will review the efficacy and efficiency of state and local fusion centers to determine their impact on securing the homeland.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

BORDER SECURITY During the 113th Congress, the Committee will continue to examine the Department’s efforts to secure land and maritime borders of the United States, including but not limited to personnel, technology, infrastructure, and coordination. The Committee will also assess the status of programs and international agreements to

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BORDER SCREENING AND TERRORIST TRAVEL In the 113th Congress, the Committee intends to review efforts to ensure the deployment and implementation of training and infrastructure enhancements to assist border and consular officials in identifying, intercepting, and disrupting terrorists or others who would do our Nation harm and who are attempting to enter or travel within the United States. The Committee will address security–related deficiencies in the immigration and naturalization process that terrorists could use to gain entry to or remain in the country for illegitimate purposes. These weaknesses have and will continue to be exploited by terrorists and those seeking to commit terrorist acts. The Committee intends to continue to explore challenges associated with visa security. The Committee will also examine the integration, security, and reliability of criminal, immigration, and terrorist databases used to screen persons seeking to enter and exit this country, to include advanced passenger information and the United States Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology (US–VISIT) program. The Committee will also assess the development of secure travel documents. In addition, the Committee will examine the integration and effectiveness of transportation and border security screening systems at ports of entry for detecting high–risk passengers and cargo transported within the United States and across our borders, including efforts to better facilitate travel and trade such as implementation of ‘‘trusted traveler’’ programs and the Beyond the Bor- der Agreement. The Committee will also examine the Department’s security efforts between ports of entry and the extent to which it collaborates with other federal, state, and local agencies regarding border security.

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PORT AND MARITIME SECURITY In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine various aspects of port and maritime security, including the security of port facilities; the screening of vessels, passengers, cargo, and crew for potential terrorists, terrorist weapons, and contraband; nuclear detection efforts; the development of international security standards for shipping and containers; and the implementation and operation, including technology utilized, of the Transportation Worker Identi- fication Credential. The Committee also plans to review how the Department manages risk emerging from maritime threats and vulnerabilities such as small boats and semi–submersible submarines. The Committee plans to review the efficiency and effectiveness of the Department’s supply chain security programs, such as the Cus- toms Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C–TPAT) and the Con- tainer Security Initiative (CSI), to ensure a proper balance between the facilitation of lawful trade and the security of the homeland. This will include an assessment of implementation of the Maritime and Transportation Security Act of 2002 (P.L. 107–295), the Secu- rity and Accountability for Every (SAFE) Port Act of 2006 (P.L. 109–347), relevant provisions of the Intelligence Reform and Ter- rorism Prevention Act of 2004 (P.L. 108–458), and the Imple- menting Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 (P.L. 110–53).

U.S. COAST GUARD During the 113th Congress, the Committee plans to review the Coast Guard’s homeland security missions, to include ports, waterways, and coastal security; drug interdiction; migrant interdiction; law enforcement; and defense readiness. The Committee will examine Coast Guard afloat, aviation, and shore–based operations in support of these missions to ensure that the service is using a risk– based, layered strategy to enforce laws and keep America’s waters secure. This will include a specific assessment of the Coast Guard’s anti–terrorist capabilities, most notably those found within the Deployable Operations Group and its units, including Maritime Safety and Security Teams, Port Security Units, Tactical Law En- forcement Teams, and the Maritime Security Response Team. The Committee will monitor the Coast Guard’s efforts to address threats from small vessels, issues from offshore oil rigs, and essential vulnerable vessels such as tankers. Additionally, the Com- mittee will review resource and asset needs within the Coast Guard to determine whether the service is operationally ready to address threats and emergencies while pursuing a long–term sustainable path of fleet recapitalization. The Committee will specifically examine the progress, efficiency, and efficacy of acquisitions programs to ensure major procurements remain on schedule without a reduction in readiness throughout the service. Furthermore, the Committee will investigate the Coast Guard’s specific maritime security operations and initiatives, such as the International Port Security Program and the inspection of vessels originating from ports with inadequate anti–terrorism measures. The Committee will examine these and other programs to ensure

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

AVIATION SECURITY In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the risks to the aviation system, as well as the development and implementation of security measures to reduce or mitigate such risks. The Committee’s oversight will review programs and procedures implemented by the Department of Homeland Security related to the security of all types of aircraft, including commercial passenger, air cargo, and general aviation aircraft. In addition, the Committee will examine airport perimeter and access controls and technology for limiting access to the secure areas of commercial and general aviation airports. The Committee will also examine the training and management of the Federal Air Marshal Service. In addition, the Committee will examine the Department’s global strategy for securing the aviation system including its cooperation with foreign countries on security procedures and technologies and the harmonization of aviation security standards worldwide. The Committee will identify international best practices to aviation security that could result in efficiencies in the United States. The Committee also remains concerned about weaknesses in the Alien Flight Student program and will continue to monitor the Depart- ment’s progress in correcting these weaknesses. The Committee will continue to pursue options for strengthening the security process for US citizens enrolled in flight training.

PASSENGER AND BAGGAGE SCREENING During the 113th Congress, the Committee will review TSA’s deployment of technology and implementation of procedures related to the screening of passengers in all modes of transportation and will examine TSA’s balancing security interests with the need for the efficient flow of travel, including privacy and civil liberties safe- guards. The Committee will conduct oversight on the cost and effectiveness of technology related to the screening of baggage; transportation security information sharing within the Federal interagency process; and the effectiveness of the credentialing process. The Committee will also review TSA’s passenger search policies and pre–screening programs, including the screening of passengers against no–fly and selectee lists, the performance of the Secure Flight program, and other measures that affect the security of domestic and international air travelers.

REFORMING TRANSPORTATION SECURITY In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine additional options for the Department to allow the private sector more flexibility to innovate transportation security including the Screening Partnership Program. The Committee will explore the costs and benefits of these options. The Committee will continue to examine

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SURFACE TRANSPORTATION In the 113th Congress, the Committee will review the Transpor- tation Security Administration’s efforts to secure surface transit systems, including the most at–risk mass transit systems, buses, subway light rail, and passenger rail, freight rail, pipelines, and highway systems. Moreover, in examining the security of surface transportation systems, the Committee will consider options to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the surface transportation inspection program. The Committee will also examine the efficacy and impact of Visible Intermodal Prevention and Response teams. The Committee will also monitor the extent to which the Depart- ment effectively coordinates with other Federal partners, such as the Department of Transportation, the Federal Rail Administra- tion, and the Federal Aviation Administration to secure our nation’s transportation systems. The Committee will continue to monitor the implementation of the Transportation Worker Identifica- tion Credential and its impact on those required to obtain the credential.

TRANSPORTATION SECURITY REGULATIONS During the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine transportation security regulations in order to reduce the burden on the economy and improve American global competitiveness. The Com- mittee will examine the challenges to finalize guidance related to foreign–aircraft repair–station security. The Committee will continue to seek perspectives from the private sector on the impact of transportation security regulations and options for the Department to become more efficient and effective.

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PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE During the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the Ad- ministration’s efforts to implement Presidential Policy Directive 8 (PPD–8), and the required National Preparedness System, which includes the various frameworks and the National Preparedness Goal. Additionally, the Committee will review the Federal Emer- gency Management Agency’s (FEMA) response and recovery efforts for declared disasters to ensure capabilities are enhanced by lessons learned and Federal resources are used appropriately. The Committee will investigate issues, if any, of waste, fraud, and abuse associated with FEMA’s disaster response efforts.

ASSISTANCE TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND FIRST RESPONDERS Throughout the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine FEMA’s allocation and administration of grants to enhance the ability of state and local governments and emergency response providers to prevent, prepare for, respond to, mitigate, and recover from a terrorist attack, including proposals for reforms to these programs. The Committee will review the coordination of grant programs across the Federal government; coordination within the De- partment of Homeland Security in developing guidance and admin- istering grants; the ability of state and local governments to access, obligate, and expend funds; strength of regional partnerships developed through grants; and the risk–based distribution and expenditure of such grants at the state and local levels. The Committee will examine options to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of grant programs. The Committee will also review on-going efforts to comprehensively assess these investments and the impact on preparedness capabilities through the lens of the National Prepared- ness Goal, National Preparedness Report, State Preparedness Re- ports, and other related measures.

CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR PLANNING, PREPAREDNESS, AND RESPONSE During the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the significant challenges posed by chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) weapons to homeland security and assess the De- partment’s progress in implementing security strategies including prevention, preparedness, and response approaches that utilize multiple tools and policies to reduce the likelihood and impact of CBRN attacks and, thus, the CBRN risk to the Nation. The Com- mittee will oversee the Department’s efforts to predict and respond to the evolving CBRN threat landscape, and ensure that CBRN expenditures are risk–based, coordinated, and in general represent wise use of taxpayer dollars. The Committee will examine the De- partment’s capability to mitigate CBRN risks through appropriate means including detection of, preparedness for, and response to CBRN threats. The Committee will continue its oversight of those activities needed to ensure the safety of the public and the first re-

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COMMUNICATIONS In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the coordination of the various communications programs and offices within the Department of Homeland Security. The Committee will monitor activities of the First Responder Network Authority (FirstNet) and the development of the public safety interoperable wireless broadband network. In addition, the Committee will review the De- partment’s programs in the establishment of the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System to ensure timely and effective alerts and warnings are provided to the public in the event of an emergency.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROVIDER TRAINING During the 113th Congress, the Committee will review the De- partment’s terrorism preparedness training programs, including awareness of these resources among first responders and state and local governments and the level of coordination among Federal, state, and local training programs. The Committee will also review existing training centers and determine whether the Department is optimally utilizing these facilities to enhance first responder terrorism preparedness.

EXERCISES AND SIMULATIONS The Committee will examine the Department’s efforts to streamline and improve the National Exercise Program to ensure the program enhances the preparedness of the Nation. The Committee will monitor the extent to which FEMA is incorporating lessons learned from national exercises into future training, planning, and response, recovery, and mitigation activities.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

CYBERSECURITY In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the Depart- ment’s role in hardening our national critical infrastructure against cyber attacks by fortifying Federal civilian networks and collaborating with the private sector to develop the means to detect and prevent cyber attacks, reduce vulnerabilities, provide incident response, and facilitate recovery. That oversight will consider the De- partment’s ability to detect the incursion of malicious activity; at- tribute the source of that activity; and promote best practices, risk assessments, and sharing of threat information across all levels of government and the private sector. The Department has been delegated authority by the White House to develop cybersecurity policy across the civilian government agencies. The Committee will monitor that this policy is effective, efficient and scalable to ensure the security of government

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CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION Pursuant to Homeland Security Presidential Directive 7 (HSPD– 7), the Department is responsible for integrating sector specific strategies into a National Strategy for Critical Infrastructure Pro- tection, and for coordinating Federal efforts across all such infrastructure sectors. During the 113th Congress, Committee oversight will focus on the Department’s national coordination responsibilities and its sector specific critical infrastructure protection responsibilities. The Committee will also examine the Department’s efforts to assess national critical infrastructure priorities. In addition, the Committee will review the Department’s progress in identifying, prioritizing, recommending, and implementing protective measures to reduce vulnerabilities for critical infrastructure and key resources, including its administration of programs to promote private sector sharing of critical infrastructure threat and vulnerability–related information, and its administration of systems and programs to provide timely warnings of potential risks to critical infrastructure.

CHEMICAL FACILITY SECURITY In the 113th Congress, the Committee will continue to review the Department’s efforts to secure chemical facilities and take action, as appropriate, to optimally balance the program’s effectiveness in reducing risk posed by certain chemical facilities and the everyday demands for chemicals in commerce. The Committee will review the management challenges associated with the Department’s related chemical facility security program and the progress in increasing its efficiency and effectiveness.

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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY During the 113th Congress, the Committee will oversee the capability of the Department’s Science & Technology Directorate to rapidly develop and deliver products and technology solutions to its customers, including the operating components of the Department, and state and local emergency responders and officials, to help them secure the homeland by preventing, protecting against, and responding to terrorist threats and natural disasters. The Com- mittee will examine, in particular, the Department’s progress in developing a more rigorous process to identify, prioritize, and fund research, development, testing, and evaluation (RDT&E) opportunities that balances risk to the homeland with cost, impact, and time to deliver. The Committee will review the Department’s efforts to coordinate the homeland security research and development agenda and leverage scientific knowledge and technical expertise, research, and facilities at relevant universities, research institutions, government and national laboratories, and the private sector, including the Homeland Security Centers of Excellence and Federally Funded Research and Development Centers. The Committee will also assess the status of the Department’s technical infrastructure and workforce to ensure current and future homeland security RDT&E needs will be met. The Committee will review the Department’s activities relating to evaluation, testing, and certification of private sector homeland security technologies. During the 113th Congress, the Committee will also continue to review the Directorate’s implementation of the Support Anti–terrorism by Fostering Effective Technologies Act (the SAFETY Act), to determine its impact on homeland security and facilitation of jobs in the private sector.

TECHNOLOGY TO COUNTER CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR THREATS During the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the De- partment’s progress in improving the Nation’s capability to counter the threat of terrorist use of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons in the United States through multi–layered approaches at the Federal, state, and local levels. The Committee will review the Department’s chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear analysis capabilities and information sharing mechanisms to provide actionable information and an integrated operating system to guide decision makers in carrying out appropriate responses, including interdiction. To enhance the ability to interdict chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear smuggling across US borders (land, air, and sea), the Committee will oversee the Department’s progress in employing risk–based methods for developing, testing, certifying, de- ploying, and operating current and next generation chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear detection equipment. The Com- mittee will also examine the Department’s ability to detect chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear materials in the interior of the United States and the Department’s coordination with state and local partners to reduce the risk of these threats. Finally, the

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

DEPARTMENTAL EFFICIENCY AND WASTE, FRAUD, ABUSE, AND DUPLICATION In the 113th Congress, the Committee will oversee the Depart- ment of Homeland Security’s day–to–day operations to ensure that it is operating in the most efficient and effective manner possible. Pursuant to Rule X, clause 2(d)(F) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the Committee will work to identify potential opportunities to eliminate duplicative or unnecessary programs, find efficiencies that will contribute to the Department’s ability to meet its vital missions, and identify areas for cost savings. The Com- mittee will also conduct rigorous oversight to ensure departmental regulations enhance security without posing an unnecessary barrier to private sector job creation. The Committee will investigate homeland security programs and practices, as warranted. For example, the Committee will continue to monitor the safety and security of Federal buildings and facilities, including the role and effectiveness of the Federal Protective Service. The Committee’s oversight will include monitoring the extent to which the Department is responsive to the Committee’s requests.

ACQUISITION MANAGEMENT During the 113th Congress, the Committee will review the efforts of the Department of Homeland Security to improve acquisition outcomes, and to ensure that effective management controls are put in place to prevent contract waste, fraud, and abuse while promoting efficiency and effectiveness. The Committee will review the authorities and activities of the Undersecretary for Manage- ment and Chief Procurement Officer to ensure the effective management of these key functions. The Committee will monitor the cost, schedule, and performance status of major Department acquisition programs. The Committee will also examine the impact of the Department’s acquisition initiatives to enhance processes and improve outcomes related to its major acquisition programs. The Committee also will review the Department’s implementation of Section 831(a) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, which grants the Secretary authority with respect to research and development projects to use more flexible contracting mechanisms in an effort to attract ‘‘nontraditional government contractors’’ for needed homeland security technologies, as well as the Secretary’s use of other streamlined acquisition practices. The Committee will continue to monitor the Department’s efforts to leverage strategic sourcing, as outlined in Federal guidance, to increase efficiencies.

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FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT In the 113th Congress, the Committee will continue its oversight of the Department of Homeland Security’s progress to properly manage financial systems and data to minimize inefficient and wasteful spending, make more informed decisions to manage its programs and implement Department policies. The Committee will also review the Department’s efforts to enhance its managerial cost accounting, address internal control weaknesses in financial reporting, achieve a clean audit opinion on its financial statements, and reduce the reliance on manual data calls to collect cost information from the various components and compile consolidated, reliable data.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT During the 113th Congress, the Committee will review the De- partment’s efforts to address information technology (IT) challenges, including the management and integration of the Depart- ment’s IT systems. The Committee will review the authorities and activities of the Chief Information Officer (CIO) and component CIOs to ensure the effective management and coordination of these key functions. The Committee will also monitor the Department’s progress in IT architectural planning, investment management, cloud computing, policy development, operations, and related personnel management.

DEPARTMENTAL WORKFORCE Throughout the 113th Congress, the Committee will monitor the Department’s efforts to recruit and retain personnel and to address employee concerns set forth in the Office of Personnel Manage- ment’s Federal Human Capital Survey and the Department’s own personnel surveys, which have indicated morale problems across the Department. In addition, the Committee will continue to examine the Department’s Balanced Workforce Initiative, which seeks to convert contractor positions into Federal positions, to ensure an appropriate balance is struck between Federal employees and private contracts and guard against any unnecessary elimination of private sector jobs. The Committee will continue to monitor the Department’s efforts to effectively and efficiently consolidate its headquarters from more than 40 locations throughout the National Capital Region, known as the St. Elizabeth’s Headquarters Consolidation Project.

EMPLOYEE INTEGRITY In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine employee corruption and misconduct issues and their effect on homeland security. Although the vast majority of Department employees reflect the agency’s core values, even one corrupt employee represents a significant management challenge. The Committee will review De- partment statistics and case studies associated with employee integrity issues, as well as, the effectiveness of policies, procedures, and practices the Department utilizes to address such issues.

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UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE In the 113th Congress, the Committee will examine the homeland security operations of the United States Secret Service, including its critical role of protecting the President of the United States, among other duties. The Committee will also monitor issues related to employee integrity.

PRIVACY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES Section 222 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (the Act) created a Privacy Officer for the Department of Homeland Security to ensure that the Department’s information gathering and analysis functions and other programs across its components adhere to established standards for the protection of privacy. Section 705 of the Act also established an Officer for Civil Rights and Liberties to review and assess information alleging abuses of civil rights or civil liberties by employees and officials of the Department of Homeland Security. During the 113th Congress, the Committee will continue to monitor the Department’s efforts under such laws to strike an appropriate balance between the need to combat terrorist attacks against the United States with the privacy expectations and civil rights of US citizens. For example, the Committee will continue to monitor the Department’s role in oversight of the domestic use of unmanned aerial systems.

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SECURING OUR BORDERS During the 113th Congress, the Committee examined the Depart- ment’s efforts to secure the Nation’s land and maritime borders. As result of this oversight, the Committee unanimously approved legislation that would require the Department to develop a comprehensive border security strategy to gain and maintain situational awareness and operational control of the border. The legislation requires tangible metrics for the apprehension of illegal border crossings and a significant reduction in the movement of illegal drugs and contraband. From August 3 through 6, 2013, the Committee conducted a site visit to the southwest border. The purpose of the site visit was to examine current border security conditions, including the maritime environment. Members experienced witnessed border security operations in the maritime domain, urban environment, border security infrastructure, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operations, and border security challenges in the Rio Grande Valley. In San Diego, Members examined United States Coast Guard port security operations, conducted an aerial tour of the international border, and examined tactical infrastructure and counter tunneling operations. In Tucson, Arizona Members toured various facilities including: the Tucson Joint Field Command and Predator Operations Center; a demonstration of advanced Integrated Fixed Tower technologies, in Sasabe; and received an overview of UAV operations at Fort Huachuca. Members then traveled to the Rio Grande Valley to participate in border terrain tours with local law enforcement, receive briefings on the South Texas Campaign, and the Texas National Guard on RC–26 fixed–wing aerial detection and monitoring operations supporting the Department of Homeland Security. Throughout the First Session, the Committee has actively examined the key elements of border security including the definition of a secure border, border security metrics and measures, visa security and overstays, the implementation of a biometric exit system, cargo security, maritime security, and the future of the Transpor- tation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC). From August 3 through 6, 2013, the Committee conducted a site visit to the Southwest border. The purpose of the site visit was to examine current border security conditions, including the maritime environment. Members witnessed border security operations in the maritime domain, urban environment, border security infrastructure, UAV operations, and border security challenges in the Rio Grande Valley. In San Diego, Members examined United States Coast Guard port security operations, conducted an aerial tour of the international border, and examined tactical infrastructure and counter tunneling operations. In Tucson, Arizona Members toured various facilities including: the Tucson Joint Field Command and Predator Operations Center; a demonstration of advanced Inte- grated Fixed Tower technologies, in Sasabe; and received an overview of UAV operations at Fort Huachuca. Members then traveled to the Rio Grande Valley to participate in border terrain tours with

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00241 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 236 local law enforcement, receive briefings on the South Texas Cam- paign, and the Texas National Guard on fixed–wing aerial detection and monitoring operations supporting the Department of Homeland Security. During the First Session, the Committee received updates on the Arizona Technology Plan and successfully pushed for the Depart- ment of Defense to re–deploy aerostats to DHS for assessment in the Rio Grande Valley in Texas. The Committee is optimistic that Mexican government reforms will provide new economic opportunities so that citizens will choose stable, viable jobs, especially in the energy industry, instead of joining criminal cartels. The Committee will continue to recommend to the Department to secure our borders in the north, south, and the maritime domain.

PROTECTING AGAINST CYBER ATTACKS During the first session of the 113th Congress, the Committee met extensively with the Department and various stakeholders to examine the Department’s role in the hardening our national critical infrastructure against cyber attacks by fortifying Federal and civilian networks and collaborating with the private sector to reduce vulnerabilities. The National Infrastructure Protection Plan and Executive Order 13636, Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity solidified the Department’s role as the lead Federal entity in protecting domestic critical infrastructure. The Committee held numerous briefings to understand the role of the Department in implementing the Executive Order. Upon issuance of Executive Order 13636 and Presidential Policy Directive—21 on Critical Infrastructure Secu- rity and Resilience, the Committee received briefings from DHS to understand the role of the Department in implementing these documents. On March 13, 2013, the Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Cybersecurity: Roles and Responsibilities to Protect the Na- tion’s Critical Infrastructure.’’ The Committee received testimony from Hon. Jane Holl Lute, Deputy Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Mr. Anish B. Bhimani, Chairman, Financial Services Information Sharing and Analysis Center; Mr. Gary W. Hayes, Chief Information Officer, Centerpoint Energy; and Ms. Michelle Richardson, Legislative Counsel, American Civil Lib- erties Union. As the Nation approached key Affordable Care Act milestones during 2013, the Committee raised security and privacy concerns prior to problems as healthcare.gov went live in October. The Sub- committee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection and Security Technologies held hearings in July and September on healthcare.gov and the Health Exchange Data Hub. On November 8, Committee staff also received a briefing from the U.S. Citizen- ship and Immigration Services and the Office of Cybersecurity and Communications on Department of Homeland Security roles in the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. On November 13, 2013, the Full Committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Cyber Side–Effects: How Secure is the Personal Information En- tered into the Flawed Healthcare.gov?’’ The Committee received testimony from Ms. Roberta ‘‘Bobbie’’ Stempfley, Acting Assistant Secretary, Office of Cybersecurity and Communications, U.S. De-

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MANAGING DHS WITH A BUSINESS–MODEL APPROACH During the first session of the 113th Congress, the Committee has been actively monitoring the Department of Homeland Secu- rity’s (DHS) management and operations to ensure that it is functioning more efficiently and is accountable to the American people. The Chairman and Ranking Member have attended Subcommittee hearings on management issues. The Committee met with DHS headquarters and many components to examine management practices in acquisition, financial management, information technology, human capital, and employee integrity. Integrated Investment Life Cycle Management (IILCM) is the Department’s transformational concept to integrate all phases of the Department’s multi–billion dollar budget and investment/acquisition management process—more like a business would do. The framework provides critical linkages between Strategy, Capabilities and Requirements, Programming and Budgeting, and Investment Oversight phases to ensure the effective execution of federal funds to support strategic priorities. IILCM was signed into policy by Sec- retary Napolitano in February 2013 and the framework is being piloted through March 2014 using the cybersecurity, biodefense, and common vetting portfolios. On November 14, 2013, DHS officials briefed the Committee on their approach to IILCM. On August 1, 2013, the Undersecretary for Management, the Chief Procurement Officer, Chief Information Officer, and other senior officials briefed Committee staff on the status of the Depart- ment’s acquisition management efforts. As a follow up, on Sep- tember 19, 2013, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Im- proving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Hon. Rafael Borras, Undersecretary for Management, Department of Homeland Security; Ms. Michele Mackin, Director, Government Accountability Office; Ms. Anne Richards, Assistant Inspector Gen- eral for Audits, Office of the Inspector General, Department of Homeland Security; Mr. William C. Greenwalt, Visiting Fellow, American Enterprise Institute; Mr. Stan Soloway, President and CEO, Professional Services Council; Mr. David Berteau, Senior Vice President, Center for Strategic and International Studies. The purpose of the hearing was to examine DHS’s acquisition practices to determine if the Department is effectively implementing its policies and to assess whether DHS could leverage best practices and lessons learned from the Defense Department and the private sector. In light of the Government Accountability Office’s (GAO) 2013 High–Risk report which identified financial management within the Department as high risk, on February 20, 2013, the Chairs of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00243 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 238 the Full Committee and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Man- agement Efficiency, and the Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infra- structure Protection, and Security Technologies, sent a letter to DHS’s Chief Financial Officer regarding the Department’s financial management systems and efforts to obtain a clean audit opinion on its financial statements. The Department provided a response to this letter on March 8, 2013. On March 11, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from DHS’s Chief Financial Officer. The GAO issued its report DHS Financial Management: Additional Efforts Needed to Resolve Deficiencies in Internal Controls and Financial Management Systems on September 30, 2013, [GAO–13–561]. The report contained four recommendations for executive action. On July 8, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from DHS’s Chief Financial Officer regarding DHS’s efforts to modernize its financial systems. To further examine these issues, on November 15, 2013, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s Stewardship of Taxpayer Dollars.’’ The Subcommittee received testimony from Mr. Asif Khan, Director, Financial Management and Assurance, U.S. Government Accountability Office; and Ms. Anne Richards, Assistant Inspector General for Audits, Office of the In- spector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of the hearing was to examine relevant GAO and Inspector General findings on DHS financial practices, including steps to obtain a clean audit opinion and implement financial management systems. The Committee reviewed the authorities and activities of the Chief Information Officer (CIO) to ensure the effective management and coordination of key IT systems planning, investment management, cloud computing, data consolidating, operations, policy development, and related personnel management. The Committee also examined component CIOs—particularly U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and United States Customs and Immigration Services (USCIS)—and their efforts to modernize and implement critical IT systems supporting our border agents and immigration officers. On February 21, 2013, Committee staff received a briefing from DHS Office of the Inspector General concerning their on-going IT Audits and IT management issues. Committee staff also received briefings from representatives from DHS, including: The DHS Chief Infor- mation Officer; USCIS, including the USCIS Chief Information Of- ficer; CBP; and ICE, including the ICE Chief Information Officer. The Committee reviewed the Department’s efforts to address information technology (IT) challenges, including the management and integration of the Department’s IT systems. The Committee monitored the Department’s progress in IT architectural planning, investment management, and cloud computing. On March 19, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Information Tech- nology: How Effectively Has DHS Harnessed IT to Secure Our Bor- ders and Uphold Immigration Laws?’’ The purpose of the hearing was to assess how IT resources are being effectively utilized to help secure our borders and uphold immigration laws and how the De- partment is exercising proper management and oversight of its IT investments. The Chairs of the Full Committee and the Sub-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00244 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 239 committee on Oversight & Management Efficiency additionally requested on May 23, 2013, to sign onto an on-going GAO review of the TECS modernization program—the Treasury Enforcement Communication System. Committee staff also received a briefing from the Office of the Inspector General regarding its investigation related to the DHS Chief Information Officer. The Committee has been vocal about the need for key Depart- ment leadership positions to be filled as vacancies lead to ineffec- tive government. On March 5, 2013, the Chairman and Ranking Member sent a letter the President urging him to swiftly appoint an Inspector General at DHS.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

COUNTERTERRORISM During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Counterter- rorism and Intelligence examined the counterterrorism efforts of the U.S. Government across the government to counter the threat from al–Qaeda and other terror networks with a focus on the De- partment of Homeland Security (DHS). The Committee conducted a series of meetings, briefings, and site visit from DHS and component agencies, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Na- tional Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), and the Department of State (DOS). Subcommittee Members and staff received classified briefing from the above agencies, as well as others, on the threat posed by al–Qaeda core and affiliates, as well as the emerging al–Qaeda threats in Syria, North Africa, and the Sinai. The Subcommittee held oversight hearings on the threat to the Homeland from Syria and Iran, al–Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, and Lashkar–e– Taiba. The Subcommittee conducted oversight over the Foreign Ter- rorist Organization (FTO) designation process. While DOS handles this process, the designation of entities as FTOs has a direct impact on homeland security. The Chairs of the Full Committee and Subcommittee, along with the Chair of the Subcommittee on Cyber- security, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies, sent a letter to DOS and issued a report urging a FTO designation for Boko Haram.

COUNTERINTELLIGENCE The Subcommittee conducted oversight over the programs within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) focused on detecting insider threats, including counterintelligence, polygraph, and security clearance programs. The Subcommittee staff met with representatives from the Defense Security Service within the Depart- ment of Defense, the DHS Office of Security, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Internal Affairs Office, the Intelligence and Anal- ysis Counterintelligence Program, and the Government Account- ability Office. The Subcommittee held a hearing on insider threats and the security clearance process.

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UNCONVENTIONAL AND EMERGING THREATS The Subcommittee held a hearing on U.S. counterterrorism efforts to combat a chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) attack. Additionally, Subcommittee staff received classified and unclassified briefings on CBRN threats from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Federal Bureau of Investigation, Sandia National Laboratory, and outside entities.

HOMELAND SECURITY INTELLIGENCE ENTERPRISE The Subcommittee has had multiple classified and unclassified briefings with officials from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Office of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A) to examine the structure, mission, and capability of the office, as well as I&As role in coordinating intelligence within DHS and State and local law enforcement. Subcommittee staff also met with U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Immigrations and Customs Enforcement, the National Counterterrorism Center, the Government Accountability Office, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation regarding the network of Joint Terrorism Task Forces.

INFORMATION SHARING Subcommittee Members received classified and unclassified briefings on DHS intelligence and information sharing efforts. Members received additional briefings on the mission and capabilities of the DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis. Subcommittee Members and staff received threat briefings from the Department of Home- land Security and reviewed new intelligence products and information sharing efforts. In addition, Subcommittee staff met with representatives from the National Fusion Center Association, Govern- ment Accountability Office, and multiple State and local law enforcement jurisdictions regarding the quality, quantity, and timeli- ness of information shared between Federal, State, and local law enforcement. The Chair of the Full Committee and the Chair of the Sub- committee released a Majority Staff Report entitled ‘‘The National Network of Fusion Centers,’’ detailing the Committee’s findings and recommendations developed from a comprehensive study of fusions centers across the country.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

BORDER SECURITY During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security examined the Department of Homeland Secu- rity’s efforts to secure the borders of the United States at and between the ports of entry, as well as in the maritime domain. The Subcommittee held hearings on these border security related topics on February 26, 2013, March 20, 2013, July 23, 2013, March 12, 2014 and April 8, 2014. The Subcommittee held hearings on the need to secure the border and the Department’s ability to communicate its effectiveness. The Subcommittee held a hearing on February 26, 2013 entitled

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00246 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 241 ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ The hearing took a holistic look at the border and called upon the Department to define what a secure border looks like, assess further requirements to achieve a secure border and address outcome–based metrics to measure border security progress. On March 20, 2013, the Sub- committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Measuring Outcomes to Under- stand the State of Border Security.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to examine the status of the Border Condition Index (BCI), and further examine outcome–based means to measure the state of border security. The Subcommittee also conducted oversight on the Department’s current and future technologies and resources employed along the border. The Subcommittee reviewed the available technologies used to secure the borders by hosting Department of Homeland Security Officials to provide a briefing on the state of border security on March 13, 2013. The purpose of this briefing was to better understand the current state of border security efforts from all the De- partment of Homeland Security components with a role in border security and to identify the need for a national strategy to secure the border. The Subcommittee’s oversight hearings on border security informed legislation to require a comprehensive strategy to gain and maintain situational awareness and operational control of the border, and set the time requirements to achieve operational control. H.R. 1417, the Border Security Results Act of 2013, was introduced on April 9, 2013; considered by the Subcommittee on April 24, 2013. The Full Committee considered the measure on May 15, 2013, and reported H.R. 1417 to the House on May 20, 2013. On June 23, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Approaches to Border Secu- rity.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to assess the disparate border security approaches of the House and Senate, and to better inform the legislation that is presented to the Congress to achieve the outcome of a secure border. The Department has struggled to convey metrics that measure performance in securing the borders and reflect the state of border security. On March 12, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing further examining technology along the border, entitled ‘‘The Arizona Border Surveillance Technology Plan and its Impact on Border Security.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to ensure that technology being acquired by CBP will be delivered on time, the Department has learned the lessons from previous failures, and that the Arizona Border Surveillance Technology Plan’s Integrated Fixed Tower acquisition will provide tangible and measurable border security. The Subcommittee examined the need for authorizing the border security components of the Department of Homeland Security. On April 8, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Author- izing U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to examine the first attempt by the Congress, since the Homeland Secu- rity Act of 2002 was enacted, to clearly delineate the current authorities and responsibilities of two of the largest law enforcement agencies in the nation. The hearing discussed the committees authorizing legation: H.R. 3846 the ‘‘United States U.S. Customs and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00247 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 242 Border Protection Authorization Act’’ which authorizes the border security functions and offices of U.S. Customs and Border Protec- tion, including: the Office of Border Patrol, Office of Field Oper- ations, Office of Air and Marine, the Office of Intelligence, and the Office of International Affairs and H.R. 4279 the ‘‘United States U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Authorization Act,’’ which authorizes the basic functions and offices of U.S. Immigra- tion and Customs Enforcement, including: the Office of Homeland Security Investigations, the Office of Enforcement and Removal Op- erations, and the Office of Professional Responsibility. As a result of Subcommittee oversight of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, authorizing legislation was considered. H.R. 3846, the United States U.S. Customs and Border Protection Authorization Act, was introduced on January 10, 2014; considered by the Subcommittee on May 20, 2014. The Full Committee considered the measure on June 11, 2014, and reported to the House on July 24, 2014. H.R. 3846 passed the House on July 28, 2014 The Chair and Ranking member of the Subcommittee sent letters to the Secretary regarding the continuance of the Tethered Aero- stat Radar System. The Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Secretary regarding the increase of Unaccompanied Alien Chil- dren crossing the southern border.

BORDER SCREENING AND TERRORIST TRAVEL In the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee reviewed efforts to ensure the deployment and implementation of training and infrastructure enhancements to identify, intercept, and disrupt terrorists or others who would do our Nation harm. The Subcommittee held hearings on these border screening and terrorist travel related topics on May 21, 2013, September 26, 2013, January 28, 2014, April 4, 2014, July 16, 2014 and September 10, 2014. As part of their efforts to address border screening and terrorist travel the Subcommittee held several oversight hearings on travel documents such as visas and passports. The Subcommittee explored the security–related deficiencies of the visa security program that terrorists could use to gain entry to or remain in the country for illegitimate purposes. The first hearing which addressed this issue was held on May 21, 2013, entitled ‘‘Visa Security and Overstays: How Secure is America?’’ The purpose of this hearing was to examine the efforts of the Department of Homeland Security to secure the border by addressing challenges in identifying individuals who overstay their visas and explore ways to be more effective. On April 4, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Passport Fraud: An International Vulnerability.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to ensure that CBP, and the State Department can assure persons attempting to use lost, stolen and fraudulent passports will be prevented from getting on a plane bound for the United States. This hearing examined what leverage the U.S. can bear on other countries to increase security throughout the international aviation system and increase use of the INTERPOL Stolen and Lost Travel Document (SLTD) database. On September 10, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘One Flight Away: An Examination of the Threat posed by ISIS Terrorists with West-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00248 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 243 ern Passports.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to examine the programs and mechanisms such as the National Targeting Center, Advance Passenger Information System, the Electronic System Travel Authorization (ESTA) and terrorist screening, put in place by the federal government to identify foreign fighters and ensure they are prevented from traveling to the United States. The Subcommittee closely examined the integration, security, and reliability of biometrics used to screen persons seeking to enter and exit this country to identify criminals, and terrorist. The subcommittee closely assessed the development of the Department’s comprehensive biometric exit system. On September 26, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Fulfilling A Key 9/11 Com- mission Recommendation: Implementing Biometric Exit.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to engage with Department of Homeland Security Leadership on the current state of biometric exit and to chart a path forward to implement a biometric system at the nation’s ports of entry/exit that is both a counterterrorism and border security tool. On January 28, 2014 the Subcommittee held a Mem- ber briefing with representatives of the biometrics industry to discuss the current state of biometric exit technology. The purpose of this brief was to solicit input from leaders in the biometrics field regarding the implementation of an effective and viable biometric exit solution in different travel environments as well as examine emerging biometric technologies. The Subcommittee conducted oversight activities on the processing of persons at land ports of entry. On March 13, 2013 the Subcommittee received a briefing from Department of Homeland Security Officials on the state of border security which examined the collaborative security efforts between ports of entry with other federal, state, and local agencies. This briefing was held to better understand the current state of border security efforts including the integration and effectiveness of transportation and border security screening systems at ports of entry for detecting high–risk passengers and cargo transported across our borders, including efforts to better facilitate travel and trade such as implementation of ‘‘trusted traveler’’ programs. On July 16, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Port of Entry Infrastructure: How Does the Federal Government Prioritize Investments?’’ The purpose of this hearing was to examine how U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and the General Services Administration (GSA) prioritize investments in port of entry infrastructure and how Public Private Partnerships are being utilized along the border to the benefit of the nation’s homeland security and economic prosperity of border communities. The Subcommittee considered legislation to authorize foreign preclearance operations to prevent terrorists, instruments of terrorism, security threats and other and inadmissible persons from entering the United States. H.R. 3488, the Preclearance Authoriza- tion Act of 2014, was introduced on November 14, 2014; considered by the Subcommittee on May 20, 2014. The Full Committee considered the measure on June 11, 2014, and reported to the House on July 3, 2014. The House passed H.R. 3488 on July 8, 2014. The Chair of the Full Committee and Chair of the Subcommittee sent letters to: The Secretary of Homeland Security regarding the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00249 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 244 expansion of the Global Entry trusted traveler program to the Re- public of Saudi Arabia; The Secretary of Homeland Security regarding U.S. Customs and Border Protection preclearance operations to the United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi International Air- port; The Director of Immigrations and Customs Enforcement and the Deputy Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection regarding the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) in the aftermath of the Boston Marathon Bombing; The Director of Immigrations and Customs Enforcement regarding the release of detainees. The Chair and Ranking member of the Full committee and the Chair and ranking member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Secretary of Homeland Security regarding a report on visa overstays. The Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Assistant Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protec- tion on transparency of port of entry priorities.

PORT AND MARITIME SECURITY In the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee examined various aspects of port and maritime security, including the security of port facilities and the implementation and operation, including technology utilized, of the Transportation Worker Identification Cre- dential (TWIC). The Subcommittee held hearings on these port and maritime security related topics on June 18, 2013 and November 19, 2013. The Subcommittee held its first maritime security focused hearing on June 18, 2013, entitled ‘‘Threat, Risk and Vulnerability: The Future of the TWIC Program.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to reexamine the security value of the TWIC card and determine the future of the program. The Subcommittee held a second maritime related hearing to review how the Department manages risks emerging from maritime threats and vulnerabilities such as nar- cotic and undocumented migrant smuggling via small boats and semi–submersible submarines. On November 19, 2013, the Sub- committee held a hearing entitled ‘‘What Does a Secure Maritime Border Look Like?’’ The purpose of this hearing was to examine what DHS maritime components are doing to interdict maritime threats before they arrive on shore or in U.S. ports, what is being done to increase the Nation’s understanding of illicit networks that move in the maritime domain, and examine the Department’s layered approach to secure the maritime environment, and how progress is being measured. The Subcommittee considered legislation to require a comprehensive third party review of the TWIC program. H.R. 3202, the Es- sential Transportation Worker Identification Credential Assess- ment Act of 2013, was introduced on September 27, 2013; considered by the Subcommittee on May 20, 2014. The Full Committee considered the measure on June 11, 2014, and reported to the House on July 17, 2014. H.R. 3202 passed the House on July 28, 2014.

U.S. COAST GUARD During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee reviewed the Coast Guard’s homeland security missions, which included ports,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00250 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 245 waterways, and coastal security; drug interdiction; migrant interdiction; and law enforcement missions. The Subcommittee held hearings on U.S. Coast Guard related topics on November 19, 2013 and February 4, 2014. The Subcommittee held a hearing focusing on the Coast Guard and the other maritime Components of the De- partment in the collaborative effort to secure the border as well as a hearing examining the ability of the Coast Guard to continue its homeland security missions. On November 19, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘What Does a Secure Maritime Border Look Like?’’ The purpose of this hearing was to understand what is being done to increase maritime domain awareness and interdict maritime threats before they arrive on shore or in U.S. ports. It examined the illicit networks that move in the maritime domain, and examined the De- partment’s layered approach to secure the maritime environment, and how progress is being measured. On February 4, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Future of the Homeland Se- curity Missions of the Coast Guard.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to examine the Coast Guard’s capability to ensure the service is operationally able to execute its homeland security missions while pursuing a long–term sustainable path of fleet recapitalization. This hearing reviewed the Coast Guard’s anti–terrorist initiatives and capabilities, including the International Port Security Program, and the Deployable Specialized Forces.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

AVIATION SECURITY Pursuant to the Committee Oversight Plan, in the 113th Con- gress the Subcommittee examined risks to aviation systems, as well as the development and implementation of security measures to reduce and mitigate such risks through a series of classified and unclassified briefings, hearings, general oversight, and legislation. For example, Subcommittee Members received a classified briefing on November 20, 2013, to discuss current threats to the nation’s aviation systems with the Administrator of the Transportation Se- curity Administration (TSA) and also traveled to TSA headquarters on June 20, 2014 to participate in the Administrator’s daily intelligence briefing. Additionally, the Full Committee held a classified briefing on world-wide threats to aviation on July 9, 2014. These and other such briefings enabled Members to remain informed on the evolving threat landscape facing the aviation sector and provide oversight to TSA’s efforts to formulate and refine an intelligence- driven security posture. The Subcommittee also conducted meetings and held eleven hearings to receive testimony from TSA, the Government Accountability Office (GAO), the DHS Inspector Gen- eral, the Terrorist Screening Center, the law enforcement community, and private sector stakeholders on a number of issues, such as risk-based security initiatives, the Federal Air Marshal Service, air cargo security, foreign fighter travel, the Screening Partnership Program, passenger screening canines, and the TSA workforce. Ad- ditionally, the Subcommittee’s legislative efforts saw nine bills passed by the House.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00251 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 246 In addition to these activities, Subcommittee Members sent oversight letters to TSA and GAO regarding aviation security risks. For example, a letter was sent by the Chair of the Subcommittee on March 7, 2013, requesting to be a co-requester of GAO’s review of TSA’s Secure Flight program, which was completed in FY 2014 and played an integral role in informing a Subcommittee hearing on Se- cure Flight. The Chair and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee also sent a letter to the TSA Administrator seeking clarification on TSA’s decision to shift responsibility of monitoring exit lanes to airport operators, and the Chairmen and Ranking Members of both the Full Committee and the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Ad- ministrator of TSA requesting a copy of the preclearance screening agreement between TSA and the United Arab Emirates for passenger screening at Abu Dhabi International Airport. To provide accountability on TSA’s workforce and human capital practices, on January 13, 2014, in response to the September 2013 DHS OIG report on TSA’s Office of Inspection, the Chairman and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Administrator of TSA seeking additional information on TSA’s Office of Inspection. This letter specifically asked for numbers related to cases opened and investigated, as well as employee classifications. On April 10, 2014, the Chairman of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Ad- ministrator of TSA regarding allegations of unethical activity within the Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS) involving free or discounted firearms. On May 20, 2014, the Chairman of the Sub- committee sent a letter to the Administrator of TSA requesting a copy of the Settlement Agreement reached between the FAMS Di- rector and TSA prior to the Director’s retirement announcement. Finally, Subcommittee Members and Staff developed and refined legislation to improve TSA’s ability to protect the Nation’s aviation systems. H.R. 2719, the Transportation Security Acquisition Re- form Act, would help improve security technology planning and, ul- timately, performance in the field. H.R. 1204, the Aviation Secu- rity Stakeholder Participation Act, would ensure that industry stakeholders continue to have a voice in TSA policy decisions through the existing Aviation Security Advisory Committee. With passage of this legislation, TSA would not be able to allow the Committee’s charter to expire, which has happened in the past and has prevented the private sector from having a formal body to engage the agency and make recommendations. H.R. 4802, the Gerardo Hernandez Airport Security Act, was developed in response to the Subcommittee’s site visit and hearing series examining lessons learned from the November 2013 shooting at Los An- geles International Airport, in which Transportation Security Offi- cer Gerardo Hernandez was killed and three others wounded. This legislation would require TSA to take stock of emergency response capabilities at airports nationwide and act as a clearing house for best practices for airports to prepare for and respond to major security incidents. It would also require TSA to look for ways in which the agency could increase funding for reimbursable agreements with airport law enforcement entities.

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PASSENGER AND BAGGAGE SCREENING In the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee made passenger and baggage screening a priority, through both hearings and general oversight activities. By examining the security implications of changes in procedure and technology at airport screening checkpoints, as well as learning more about the effectiveness of current baggage screening capabilities, the Subcommittee provided oversight to some of the most critical aspects of aviation security. For example, Committee staff visited the Transportation Systems Inte- gration Facility on August 28, 2013, to observe current and future security screening technology research and testing. This visit informed other subcommittee activities, such as a November 6, 2013 Subcommittee Member site visit to Duke University, where Mem- bers observed research being done to advance current and future passenger screening technology, and a February 27, 2014 classified Subcommittee Member briefing on TSA’s Imaging Technology with Automated Target Recognition. After receiving a classified briefing from the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Inspector General on their covert testing and report of TSA baggage screening operations on October 9, 2014, Subcommittee staff held a briefing with TSA officials on November 14, 2014 to assess lessons learned and ongoing work to correct instances of human and technological error in the baggage screening process. Pursuant to House Rule X, clauses 2(n) and (p), on November 14, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing to examine TSA’s Screening of Passengers by Observation Techniques (SPOT) Program. This hearing looked into the cost effectiveness and overall security effectiveness of the SPOT program, based on a report from the GAO. To provide further oversight to this program, staff conducted a site visit to Baltimore-Washington International Airport on March 25, 2014 and received briefings from TSA on the program on March 3, 2014, June 4, 2014, and October 10, 2014. In an effort to comprehensively provide oversight to a number of passenger screening methods utilized by TSA, on June 24, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled, ‘‘Utilizing Canine Teams to Detect Explosives and Mitigate Threats.’’ The hearing focused on the effectiveness of TSA’s explosives detection canine teams to secure the nation’s transportation systems. It also explored how the teams can be improved and expanded in the future. Finally, the hearing examined stakeholder perspectives on TSA’s use and deployment of canines. The Subcommittee sought to honor the Nation’s veterans while also advancing risk-based security with the consideration and subsequent House passage of H.R. 4812, the ‘‘Honor Flight Act.’’ This legislation would authorize TSA’s coordination with the Honor Flight Network to provide expedited screening for veterans traveling to Washington, DC. to visit their respective war memorials.

REFORMING TRANSPORTATION SECURITY Pursuant to the Committee’s oversight plan, the Subcommittee took steps to reform transportation security by crafting and passing legislation, conducting oversight hearings, and receiving a number of briefings from TSA about efforts to streamline and find effi-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00253 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 248 ciencies within the agency. The House passed H.R. 2719, the Transportation Security Acquisition Reform Act, which introduces greater transparency and accountability for TSA spending decisions through a series of commonsense reforms. Specifically, it requires TSA to develop and share with the public a strategic, multi-year technology investment plan; share key information with Congress on technology acquisitions, including cost overruns, delays, or technical failures within 30 days of identifying the problem; establish principles for managing equipment in inventory to eliminate expensive storage of unusable or outdated technologies; and report on its goals for contracting with small businesses. This legislation is budget-neutral and simply requires TSA to do a better job of not only managing its own resources, but also leveraging resources outside of the Department of Homeland Security. Further, the House passed H.R. 1204. This bill authorizes the Aviation Security Advisory Committee (ASAC) and requires TSA to consult with the ASAC on aviation security matters, including on the development and implementation of policies, programs, rulemakings and security directives. In addition, the bill requires the ASAC to submit recommendations to TSA. In an effort to promote risk-based security and stakeholder engagement by TSA, on May 20, 2014, the Subcommittee Chair and Ranking Member hosted a roundtable discussion on the future of TSA’s Pre✔TM program. The purpose of the roundtable was to: explore how TSA can more effectively market the program to travelers to increase awareness and participation; evaluate TSA’s approach to expanding enrollment, including the utilization of private companies; examine what techniques and programs TSA is using to decide which passengers do not pose a threat to aviation; and understand how TSA determines the appropriate number of TSA Pre✔TMlanes and what changes can be made to more effectively utilize those lanes. Finally, the Subcommittee continued to provide oversight to TSA’s management of the Screening Partnership Program in the 113th Congress with multiple letters to both TSA and the Depart- ment of Homeland Security regarding the program, as well as a Subcommittee hearing on July 29, 2014, entitled, ‘‘Examining TSA’s Management of the Screening Partnership Program.’’ The purpose of the hearing was to examine TSA’s management of SPP and discuss ongoing challenges and opportunities with respect to how TSA works with the private sector to perform screening. Over the last several years, public and private stakeholders have criticized TSA on its management of SPP, including (a) the methodology it uses to compare the performance and cost of private screeners to federal screeners and evaluate SPP bids, and (b) the time it takes to award a new SPP contract once an application is approved. The hearing also focused on the steps TSA is taking to address those concerns and other changes it plans to make to improve the program as a whole.

SURFACE TRANSPORTATION The Subcommittee implemented the Committee’s oversight plan for providing oversight of surface transportation security in the 113th Congress through a number of meetings, briefings, and site

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TRANSPORTATION SECURITY REGULATIONS In the 113th Congress the Subcommittee worked to ensure that TSA was being effective and responsible in its development and implementation of regulations. During a May 2014 Staff Delegation to Europe, Subcommittee staff visited an aircraft repair station in Copenhagen, Denmark to observe implementation of TSA’s final- ized rule regulating security of foreign aircraft repair stations. On June 16, 2014, the Chairman of the Full Committee, along with the Chairman of the Subcommittee, the Ranking Member of the Full Committee and the Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Acting Director of the Office of Management and Budget regarding TSA’s interaction and proposed implementation of the Bipartisan Budget Act’s modifications to the September 11th Security Fee. Subsequently, on June 20, 2014, the TSA published an Interim Final Rule in the Federal Register to implement changes to the TSA September 11th Security Fee. The Sub- committee responded to this action on July 17, 2014, when the Chairman of the Full Committee, along with the Chairman of the Subcommittee, the Ranking Member of the Full Committee, and the Ranking Member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Docket Clerk, Docket Management Facility, U.S. Department of Transportation, to provide comment on the Interim Final Rule issued by TSA for the adjustment of the Passenger Civil Aviation Security Service Fee. Bipartisan legislation to clarify Congressional intent on the passenger fee was also unanimously passed by the House on September 17, 2014.

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PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee conducted oversight of efforts at the Federal, State, local, Tribal, and private sector levels to prepare for, respond to, and recover from terrorist attacks and natural disasters. Through a series of hearings, field hearings, briefings, and site visits, the Subcommittee worked to ensure that the whole community is engaged in these efforts. The Subcommittee held hearings to assess the state of preparedness through the lens of the National Preparedness Report; assess preparedness for mass casualty events; examine cyber incident response capabilities; and assess the FY15 budget request for the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Subcommittee Members visited the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Re- sponse Coordination Center, the American Red Cross’ Disaster Op- erations Center, and the National Protection and Programs Direc- torate’s National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center to observe response capabilities and operations.

ASSISTANCE TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND FIRST RESPONDERS The Department of Homeland Security has awarded nearly $40 billion to State and local governments and first responders since the September 11th terrorist attacks. To ensure the Department is allocating this funding based on risk and effectively monitoring the use of funds, the Subcommittee held two hearings and classified briefing. In addition, Committee staff has held numerous briefings with the Federal Emergency Management Agency representatives and relevant stakeholders on the development of performance metrics to measure the effectiveness of the grants and programmatic and financial monitoring efforts.

CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR PLANNING, PREPAREDNESS, AND RESPONSE Preparedness for and response to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear events remained a focus for the Subcommittee in the 113th Congress. The Subcommittee has received numerous briefings on the Office of Health Affairs’ BioWatch, National Bio- surveillance Integration Center, and Chemical Defense Programs at both the classified and unclassified levels. At the Subcommittee’s request, the Government Accountability Office is conducting a review of the National Biosurveillance Integration Center to ensure it is meeting its mission and effectively working with interagency partners as intended in the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act (Pub. L. 110–53). In furtherance of oversight conducted in the 112th Congress, the Committee passed legislation, H.R. 1791, that was referred to the Subcommittee, permitting the use of grant funds for medical preparedness activities, including the procurement of vital medical countermeasures. The Sub- committee also held hearings on the bioterrorism threat and the biowatch program.

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COMMUNICATIONS In the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee has continued its oversight of communications issues with a visit to the Department of Homeland Security’s National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center, briefings on the Office of Emergency Commu- nications, the First Responder Network Authority and the implementation of the Public Safety Broadband Network, and the Inte- grated Public Alert and Warning System. A series of hearings on the use of social media and new technology considered new and in- novative ways to communicate with the public before, during, and after emergencies. The Subcommittee is considering legislation to authorize the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System and has encouraged the Office of Emergency Communications to update the National Emergency Communications Plan. The Subcommittee also held a hearing assessing the state of interoperable communications since the September 11th terrorist attacks and Hurricane Katrina exposed significant capability gaps.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROVIDER TRAINING As part of its oversight of first responder training programs, the Subcommittee received numerous briefings on DHS–funded training programs and from Federal and State training providers. Com- mittee staff visited the National Emergency Response and Rescue Training Center and Maryland Fire Rescue Institute and observed training and exercise programs.

EXERCISES AND SIMULATIONS The Subcommittee received numerous briefings from the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Exercise Division on the implementation of changes to the National Exercise Program. The Subcommittee, through its cyber incident response hearing, also inquired about lessons learned from National Level Exercise 2012 and efforts to address issues raised in the recently released after action report. Committee staff observed multiple exercises during the 113th Congress. Committee staff also participated in first responder training.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

CYBERSECURITY The Subcommittee held a series of hearings on the topic of cybersecurity examining the cyber threat, Department of Homeland Se- curity capabilities and resources, privacy and civil liberty concerns, the security of the Federal Data Services Hub and Healthcare exchanges, and the implementation of Executive Order 13636, Im- proving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity. These hearing included a joint hearing with the Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence to assess persistent and emerging cyber threats to the U.S. homeland, a joint hearing with the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education of the Committee on Education and the Workforce assessing the privacy of student

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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY The Subcommittee held a series of meetings with the Science and Technology Directorate examining the Department’s progress in developing and delivering products and technology solutions to their customers. As a result of these meetings, the Subcommittee drafted and passed H.R. 2952, the Critical Infrastructure Research and Development (CIRDA) Act. Additionally, the Subcommittee held a joint hearing with the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology Subcommittee on Re- search and Technology to examine the strategy and mission of the DHS Science and Technology Directorate.

CHEMICAL FACILITY SECURITY The Subcommittee held a series of meetings with stakeholders, including other committees of jurisdiction in the House and Senate, to conduct oversight and consider possible reauthorization of the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards program at the De- partment of Homeland Security (DHS). In addition, the Sub- committee held a hearing on August 1, 2013 on the topic of mismanagement of the CFATS program. This hearing was held pursuant to clause 2(n)(1) of the rule as ‘‘ . . . mismanagement in Gov- ernment programs which that committee may authorize’’ and clause 2(p), as DHS Management is a ‘‘high–risk’’ issue identified by the Comptroller General of the U.S. As a result of these oversight efforts, the Subcommittee drafted and passed through the House H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards (CFATS) Authorization and Account- ability Act of 2014.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

DEPARTMENTAL EFFICIENCY AND WASTE, FRAUD, ABUSE, AND DUPLICATION During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency oversaw the Department of Homeland Se- curity’s day to day operations to ensure that it was operating in the most efficient and effective manner possible. On February 15, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Assessing DHS 10 years later: How Wisely is DHS Spending Taxpayer Dollars?’’ The purpose of the hearing was to address DHS’s progress and shortcomings in implementing its various missions 10 years after the Department’s creation, integrating its components, and its diligence in making sure taxpayer dollars are being spent efficiently.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00258 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 253 Pursuant to Rule X, clause 2(d)(F) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the Committee worked to identify potential opportunities to eliminate duplicative or unnecessary programs, find efficiencies that will contribute to the Department’s ability to meet its vital missions, and identify areas for cost savings. On April 26, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Cutting DHS Du- plication and Wasteful Spending: Implementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’ The purpose of this hearing was to assess GAO and Inspector General findings related to duplication and waste within DHS and examine best practices identified by the private sector to improve DHS’s efficiency and effectiveness. On September 23, 2013, Subcommittee staff also received a briefing from GAO officials on the Department’s progress in addressing GAO’s High–Risk List area of ‘‘Strengthening Department of Homeland Security Management Functions.’’ The area includes issues related to DHS acquisition management, financial management, information technology management, human capital management, and management integration. GAO’s High–Risk List includes areas at high risk due to vulnerabilities to fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement. GAO has included DHS management functions in its List since 2003. The Committee investigated homeland security programs and practices, as warranted. In an effort to review the TSA’s Passenger Screening Technologies, on February 5, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee on Transportation Security and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency received a joint classified briefing. The Subcommittees were briefed by representatives from the Government Accountability Office and the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of the Inspector General. The briefing addressed the development of the technology, challenges with the acquisition process, among other issues. In addition, in light of egregious waste related to Internal Revenue Service training videos uncovered by the Treasury Inspector General, the Subcommittee Chair sent a letter on June 6, 2013 to the Undersecretary for Man- agement. The purpose of the letter was to determine the cost and types of internal training materials, especially videos, created by DHS and its components. To date, the Department has not provided a response. As a follow up to an audit by the Office of the Inspector General, the Subcommittee Chair sent a letter on July 31, 2014 to the Act- ing Under Secretary for Management regarding DHS management challenges with the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act. The De- partment responded on August 22, 2014. In light of media reports of wasted taxpayer dollars on gym memberships by DHS, the Subcommittee Chair wrote a letter on August 26, 2014 requesting detailed information on these procurements. The Department responded on September 10, 2014. A follow up letter was sent on October 3, 2014 and the Department responded on October 27, 2014. The Committee investigated homeland security programs and practices, as warranted. On July 10, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘The Executive Proclamation Designating the Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks A National Monument: Implica-

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ACQUISITION MANAGEMENT During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee reviewed the efforts of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to improve acquisition outcomes, and to ensure that effective management controls are put in place to prevent contract waste, fraud, and abuse while promoting efficiency and effectiveness. The Subcommittee reviewed the authorities and activities of the Undersecretary for Management and Chief Procurement Officer to ensure the effective management of these key functions. The Subcommittee also examined the impact of the Department’s acquisition initiatives to enhance processes and improve outcomes related to its major acquisition programs. On September 19, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ The purpose of the hearing was to examine DHS’s acquisition practices to determine if the Department is effectively implementing its policies and to assess whether DHS could leverage best practices and lessons learned from the Defense Department and the private sector. In February 2013, the Subcommittee Chair requested to sign–on to on-going Government Accountability Office (GAO) work related to CBP’s acquisition of border surveillance technology and DHS’s multiyear acquisition planning process. On March 21, 2013, the Subcommittee Chair, along with the Subcommittee Ranking Member, requested GAO conduct a review of the tactical communication acquisition programs underway in DHS. In March 2014, the Subcommittee Chair introduced H.R. 4228, the DHS Acquisition Accountability and Efficiency Act, to improve major acquisition outcomes in the Department. In June 2014, the House passed this legislation by voice vote. On September 19, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Acquisition Prac- tices: Improving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Pri- vate Sector Lessons Learned.’’ The purpose of the hearing was to examine DHS’s acquisition practices to determine if the Depart- ment is effectively implementing its policies and to assess whether DHS could leverage best practices and lessons learned from the De- fense Department and the private sector The Subcommittee monitored the Department’s efforts to leverage strategic sourcing, as outlined in Federal guidance, to increase efficiencies. The Subcommittee Chair, along with the Chair of the Full Committee, requested GAO to examine the Department’s ammunition and weapons procurements. The Subcommittee Chair also requested the Comptroller General to review DHS’s major acquisi-

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FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT In the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee oversaw the Depart- ment of Homeland Security’s progress to properly manage financial systems and data to minimize inefficient and wasteful spending, make more informed decisions to manage its programs and implement Department policies. The Subcommittee reviewed the Depart- ment’s efforts to enhance its managerial cost accounting, address internal control weaknesses in financial reporting, achieve a clean audit opinion on its financial statements, and reduce the reliance on manual data calls to collect cost information from the various components and compile consolidated, reliable data. The Sub- committee Chair sent a letter to the Comptroller General on June 6, 2013 to sign–on to an on-going review of DHS financial management efforts being performed at the request of the Senate Home- land Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. GAO issued its report on September 30, 2013. It contained four recommendations for executive action. On July 8, 2013, Subcommittee Staff received a briefing from DHS’s Chief Financial Officer regarding DHS’s efforts to modernize its financial systems. On November 15, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s Stewardship of Taxpayer Dol- lars.’’ The purpose of the hearing was to examine the financial practices within DHS.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee reviewed the De- partment’s efforts to address information technology (IT) challenges, including the management and integration of the Depart- ment’s IT systems. The Subcommittee monitored the Department’s progress in IT architectural planning, investment management, cloud computing, policy development, operations, and related personnel management. On March 19, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘DHS Information Technology: How Effectively Has DHS Harnessed IT to Secure Our Borders and Uphold Immi- gration Laws?’’ The purpose of the hearing was to assess how IT resources are being effectively utilized to help secure our borders and uphold immigration laws and how the Department is exercising proper management and oversight of its IT investments. The Subcommittee Chair, along with the Chair of the Full Committee, also requested on May 23, 2013 to sign on to an on-going GAO review of the TECS modernization program at the request of the Sen- ate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee.

DEPARTMENTAL WORKFORCE Throughout the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee monitored the Department’s efforts to recruit and retain personnel and to address employee concerns set forth in the Office of Personnel Man- agement’s Federal Human Capital Survey and the Department’s

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EMPLOYEE INTEGRITY In the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee examined employee corruption and misconduct issues and their effect on homeland security. The Subcommittee reviewed Department statistics and case studies associated with employee integrity issues, as well as, the effectiveness of policies, procedures, and practices the Department utilizes to address such issues. The Subcommittee held a joint hearing with the Subcommittee on Transportation Security on July 31, 2013, entitled ‘‘TSA Integrity Challenges: Examining Mis- conduct by Airport Security Personnel.’’ The purpose of the hearing was to examine the scope of misconduct within the Transportation Security Administration and determine to what extent action is being taken to address employee integrity issues. On August 19, 2013, the Subcommittee Chair sent a letter to the Secretary requesting an update on the Department’s mandated report on investigating corruption in DHS.

UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE In the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee examined the homeland security operations of the United States Secret Service, including its critical role of protecting the President of the United States, among other duties. On April 17, 2013, the Subcommittee held a member briefing with the Secret Service Director to discuss the Di- rector’s goals and priorities, budget issues, Cartigena employee misconduct investigation, among other topics. Subcommittee staff received a briefing from Secret Service officials on June 27, 2013 on the agency’s information technology modernization efforts. On August 8, 2013, Subcommittee staff also received a briefing on the next generation Presidential limousine program and conducted a site visit at the Secret Service mail screening facility in Washington D.C. On November 12, Members of the

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PRIVACY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES During the 113th Congress, the Subcommittee monitored the De- partment’s efforts to strike an appropriate balance between the need to combat terrorist attacks against the United States with the privacy expectations and civil rights of U.S. citizens. On February 6, 2013, the Members of the Subcommittee received a classified briefing on privacy issues and the role of the Department of Home- land Security and the National Counterterrorism Center in collecting, analyzing, and storing intelligence on U.S. persons. The Members were briefed by representatives from the Department and the National Counterterrorism Center, and they learned how the Center is implementing its new ‘‘Guidelines for Access, Retention, Use, & Dissemination of U.S. Persons Information.’’ On June 19, 2013, Subcommittee staff received a briefing from officials from the Office of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties on civil liberties concerns at border checkpoints. On January 18, 2014, the Chair and Ranking member of the Subcommittee sent a letter to U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement requesting more information on the implementation of border search policies. In addition, the Chair of the Subcommittee sent a letter to the Comptroller General of the United States on August 6, 2013, requesting a comprehensive review of DHS’s management of Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests. On August 13, 2014, Subcommittee staff met with the Chief Privacy Officer and FOIA director for an update on the Pri- vacy Office’s current activities.

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Adopted January 26, 2011

RULE I.—GENERAL PROVISIONS. (A) Applicability of the Rules of the U.S. House of Representatives.—The Rules of the U.S. House of Representatives (the ‘‘House’’) are the rules of the Committee on Homeland Security (the ‘‘Committee’’) and its subcommittees insofar as applicable. (B) Applicability to Subcommittees.—Except where the terms ‘‘Full Committee’’ and ‘‘subcommittee’’ are specifically mentioned, the following rules shall apply to the Committee’s subcommittees and their respective Chairmen and Ranking Minority Members to the same extent as they apply to the Full Committee and its Chairman and Ranking Minority Member. (C) Appointments by the Chairman.—Clause 2(d) of Rule XI of the House shall govern the designation of a Vice Chairman of the Full Committee. (D) Recommendation of Conferees.—Whenever the Speaker of the House is to appoint a conference committee on a matter within the jurisdiction of the Full Com- mittee, the Chairman shall recommend to the Speaker of the House conferees from the Full Committee. In making recommendations of Minority Members as conferees, the Chairman shall do so with the concurrence of the Ranking Minority Member of the Committee. (E) Motions to Disagree.—The Chairman is directed to offer a motion under clause 1 of Rule XXII of the Rules of the House whenever the Chairman considers it appropriate. (F) Committee Website.—The Chairman shall maintain an official Committee web site for the purposes of furthering the Committee’s legislative and oversight responsibilities, including communicating information about the Committee’s activities to Committee Members, other Members, and the public at large. The Ranking Minority Member may maintain a similar web site for the same purposes. The official Com- mittee web site shall display a link on its home page to the web site maintained by the Ranking Minority Member. (G) Activity Report.—Not later than the 30th day after June 1 and December 1, the Committee shall submit to the House a semiannual report on the activities of the Committee. After adjournment sine die of a regular session of Congress, or after December 15, whichever occurs first, the Chair may file the second or fourth semiannual report with the Clerk at any time and without approval of the Committee provided that a copy of the report has been available to each Member of the Com- mittee for at least seven calendar days and the report includes any supplemental, minority, or additional views submitted by a Member of the Committee.

RULE II.—TIME OF MEETINGS. (A) Regular Meeting Date.—The regular meeting date and time for the transaction of business of the Full Committee shall be at 10:00 a.m. on the first Wednesday that the House is in Session each month, unless otherwise directed by the Chairman. (B) Additional Meetings.—At the discretion of the Chairman, additional meetings of the Committee may be scheduled for the consideration of any legislation or other matters pending before the Committee or to conduct other Committee business. The Committee shall meet for such purposes pursuant to the call of the Chairman. (C) Consideration.—Except in the case of a special meeting held under clause 2(c)(2) of House Rule XI, the determination of the business to be considered at each meeting of the Committee shall be made by the Chairman. (261)

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RULE III.—NOTICE AND PUBLICATION. (A) Notice.— (1) Hearings.—Pursuant to clause 2(g)(3) of rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the Chairman of the Committee shall make public announcement of the date, place, and subject matter of any hearing before the Full Committee or subcommittee, which may not commence earlier than one week after such notice. However, if the Chairman of the Committee, with the concurrence of the Ranking Minority Member, determines that there is good cause to begin the hearing sooner, or if the Committee so determines by majority vote, a quorum being present for the transaction of business, the Chairman shall make the announcement at the earliest possible date. The names of all witnesses scheduled to appear at such hearing shall be provided to Members no later than 48 hours prior to the commencement of such hearing. (2) Meetings.—The date, time, place and subject matter of any meeting, other than a hearing or a regularly scheduled meeting, may not commence earlier than the third day on which Members have notice thereof except in the case of a special meeting called under clause 2(c)(2) of House Rule XI. These notice requirements may be waived if the Chairman with the concurrence of the Rank- ing Minority Member, determines that there is good cause to begin the meeting sooner or if the Committee so determines by majority vote, a quorum being present for the transaction of business. (a) Copies of any measure or matter to be considered for approval by the Committee at any meeting, including any mark, print or amendment in the nature of a substitute shall be provided to the Members at least 24 hours in advance. (b) At least 24 hours prior to the commencement of a meeting for the markup of a measure or matter, the text of such measure or matter, including any mark, print or amendment in the nature of a substitute, shall be made publicly available in electronic form and, to the extent practicable, posted on the official Committee web site. (c) Not later than 24 hours after concluding a meeting to consider a measure or matter, the text of such measure or matter as ordered forwarded or reported, including any adopted amendments, shall be made publicly available in electronic form and, to the extent practicable, posted on the official Com- mittee web site. (3) Publication.—The meeting or hearing announcement shall be promptly published in the Daily Digest portion of the Congressional Record. To the greatest extent practicable, meeting announcements shall be entered into the Committee scheduling service of the House Information Resources.

RULE IV.—OPEN MEETINGS AND HEARINGS; BROADCASTING. (A) Open Meetings.—All meetings and hearings of the Committee shall be open to the public including to radio, television, and still photography coverage, except as provided by Rule XI of the Rules of the House or when the Committee, in open session and with a majority present, determines by recorded vote that all or part of the remainder of that hearing on that day shall be closed to the public because disclosure of testimony, evidence, or other matters to be considered would endanger the national security, compromise sensitive law enforcement information, tend to de- fame, degrade or incriminate a witness, or violate any law or rule of the House of Representatives. (B) Broadcasting.—Whenever any hearing or meeting conducted by the Committee is open to the public, the Committee shall permit that hearing or meeting to be covered by television broadcast, internet broadcast, print media, and still photography, or by any of such methods of coverage, in accordance with the provisions of clause 4 of Rule XI of the Rules of the House. Operation and use of any Committee operated broadcast system shall be fair and nonpartisan and in accordance with clause 4(b) of Rule XI and all other applicable rules of the Committee and the House. Pri- ority shall be given by the Committee to members of the Press Galleries. Pursuant to clause 2(e) of rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the Committee shall, to the greatest extent practicable, provide audio and video coverage of each hearing or meeting in a manner that allows the public to easily listen to and view the proceedings and shall maintain the recordings of such coverage a manner that is easily accessible to the public. (C) Transcripts.—A transcript shall be made of the testimony of each witness ap- pearing before the Committee during a Committee hearing. All transcripts of meetings or hearings that are open to the public shall be made available.

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RULE V.—PROCEDURES FOR MEETINGS AND HEARINGS. (A) Opening Statements.—At any meeting of the Committee, the Chairman and Ranking Minority Member shall be entitled to present oral opening statements of five minutes each. Other Members may submit written opening statements for the record. The Chairman presiding over the meeting may permit additional opening statements by other Members of the Full Committee or of that subcommittee, with the concurrence of the Ranking Minority Member. (B) The Five—Minute Rule.—The time any one Member may address the Com- mittee on any bill, motion, or other matter under consideration by the Committee shall not exceed five minutes, and then only when the Member has been recognized by the Chairman, except that this time limit may be extended when permitted by unanimous consent. (C) Postponement of Vote.—The Chairman may postpone further proceedings when a record vote is ordered on the question of approving any measure or matter or adopting an amendment. The Chairman may resume proceedings on a postponed vote at any time, provided that all reasonable steps have been taken to notify Mem- bers of the resumption of such proceedings, including, when practicable, circulation of notice by the Clerk of the Committee. When proceedings resume on a postponed question, notwithstanding any intervening order for the previous question, an un- derlying proposition shall remain subject to further debate or amendment to the same extent as when the question was postponed. (D) Contempt Procedures.—No recommendation that a person be cited for contempt of Congress shall be forwarded to the House unless and until the Full Com- mittee has, upon notice to all its Members, met and considered the alleged contempt. The person to be cited for contempt shall be afforded, upon notice of at least 72 hours, an opportunity to state why he or she should not be held in contempt prior to a vote of the Full Committee, with a quorum being present, on the question whether to forward such recommendation to the House. Such statement shall be, in the discretion of the Chairman, either in writing or in person before the Full Committee.

RULE VI.—WITNESSES. (A) Questioning of Witnesses.— (1) Questioning of witnesses by Members will be conducted under the five– minute rule unless the Committee adopts a motion permitted by clause 2(j)(2) of House Rule XI. (2) In questioning witnesses under the five–minute rule, the Chairman and the Ranking Minority Member shall first be recognized. In a subcommittee meeting or hearing, the Chairman and Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee are then recognized. All other Members that arrive before the commencement of the meeting or hearing will be recognized in the order of seniority on the Committee, alternating between Majority and Minority Members. Committee Members arriving after the commencement of the hearing shall be recognized in order of appearance, alternating between Majority and Minority Members, after all Members present at the beginning of the hearing have been recognized. Each Member shall be recognized at least once before any Member is given a second opportunity to question a witness. (3) The Chairman, in consultation with the Ranking Minority Member, or the Committee by motion, may permit an extension of the period of questioning of a witness beyond five minutes but the time allotted must be equally apportioned to the Majority party and the Minority and may not exceed one hour in the aggregate. (4) The Chairman, in consultation with the Ranking Minority Member, or the Committee by motion, may permit Committee staff of the Majority and Minority to question a witness for a specified period of time, but the time allotted must be equally apportioned to the Majority and Minority staff and may not exceed one hour in the aggregate. (B) Minority Witnesses.—Whenever a hearing is conducted by the Committee upon any measure or matter, the Minority party Members on the Committee shall be entitled, upon request to the Chairman by a majority of those Minority Members before the completion of such hearing, to call witnesses selected by the Minority to testify with respect to that measure or matter during at least one day of hearing thereon. (C) Oath or Affirmation.—The Chairman of the Committee or any Member designated by the Chairman, may administer an oath to any witness. (D) Statements by Witnesses.—

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(1) Consistent with the notice given, witnesses shall submit a prepared or written statement for the record of the proceedings (including, where practicable, an electronic copy) with the Clerk of the Committee no less than 48 hours in advance of the witness’s appearance before the Committee. Unless the 48 hour requirement is waived or otherwise modified by the Chairman, after consultation with the Ranking Minority Member, the failure to comply with this requirement may result in the exclusion of the written testimony from the hearing record and/or the barring of an oral presentation of the testimony. The Clerk of the Committee shall provide any such prepared or written statement submitted to the Clerk prior to the hearing to the Members of the Committee prior to the commencement of the hearing. (2) To the greatest extent practicable, the written testimony of each witness ap- pearing in a non–governmental capacity shall include a curriculum vita and a disclosure of the amount and source (by agency and program) of any Federal grant (or subgrant thereof) or contract (or subcontract thereof) received during the current fiscal year or either of the two preceding fiscal years by the witness or by an entity represented by the witness. Such disclosures shall be made publicly available, with appropriate redactions to protect the privacy of the witness, in electronic form not later than one day after the witness appears.

RULE VII.—QUORUM. Quorum Requirements.—Two Members shall constitute a quorum for purposes of taking testimony and receiving evidence. One–third of the Members of the Com- mittee shall constitute a quorum for conducting business, except for (1) reporting a measure or recommendation; (2) closing Committee meetings to the public, pursuant to Committee Rule IV; (3) authorizing the issuance of subpoenas; and (4) any other action for which an actual majority quorum is required by any rule of the House of Representatives or by law. The Chairman shall make reasonable efforts, including consultation with the Ranking Minority Member when scheduling meetings and hearings, to ensure that a quorum for any purpose will include at least one Minority Member of the Committee.

RULE VIII.—DECORUM. (A) Breaches of Decorum.—The Chairman may punish breaches of order and decorum, by censure and exclusion from the hearing; and the Committee may cite the offender to the House for contempt. (B) Access to Dais.—Access to the dais before, during, and after a hearing, markup, or other meeting of the Committee shall be limited to Members and staff of the Committee. Subject to availability of space on the dais, Committee Members’ personal staff may be present on the dais during a hearing if their employing Member is seated on the dais and during a markup or other meeting if their employing Mem- ber is the author of a measure or amendment under consideration by the Com- mittee, but only during the time that the measure or amendment is under active consideration by the Committee, or otherwise at the discretion of the Chairman, or of the Ranking Minority Member for personal staff employed by a Minority Member. (C) Wireless Communications Use Prohibited.—During a hearing, markup, or other meeting of the Committee, ringing or audible sounds or conversational use of cellular telephones or other electronic devices is prohibited in the Committee room.

RULE IX.—SUBCOMMITTEES. (A) Generally.—The Full Committee shall be organized into the following six standing subcommittees and shall have specific responsibility for such measures or matters as the Chairman refers to it: (1) Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security (2) Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response and Communications (3) Subcommittee on Transportation Security (4) Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence (5) Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies (6) Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Management (B) Selection and Ratio of Subcommittee Members.—The Chairman and Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee shall select their respective Members of each subcommittee. The ratio of Majority to Minority Members shall be comparable to the Full Committee, except that each subcommittee shall have at least two more Majority Members than Minority Members.

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(C) Ex Officio Members.—The Chairman and Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee shall be ex officio members of each subcommittee but are not authorized to vote on matters that arise before each subcommittee. The Chairman and Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee shall only be counted to satisfy the quorum requirement for the purpose of taking testimony and receiving evidence. (D) Powers and Duties of Subcommittees.—Except as otherwise directed by the Chairman of the Full Committee, each subcommittee is authorized to meet, hold hearings, receive testimony, mark up legislation, and report to the Full Committee on all matters within its purview. Subcommittee Chairmen shall set hearing and meeting dates only with the approval of the Chairman of the Full Committee. To the greatest extent practicable, no more than one meeting and hearing should be scheduled for a given time. (E) Special Voting Provision.—If a tie vote occurs in a Subcommittee on the question of forwarding any measure to the Full Committee, the measure shall be placed on the agenda for Full Committee consideration as if it had been ordered reported by the Subcommittee without recommendation.

RULE X.—COMMITTEE PANELS. (A) Designation.—The Chairman of the Full Committee, with the concurrence of the Ranking Minority Member, may designate a panel of the Committee consisting of Members of the Committee to inquire into and take testimony on a matter or matters that warrant enhanced consideration and to report to the Committee. (B) Duration.—No panel appointed by the Chairman shall continue in existence for more than six months after the appointment. (C) Party Ratios and Appointment.—Consistent with the party ratios established by the Majority party, all Majority members of the panels shall be appointed by the Chairman of the Committee, and all Minority members shall be appointed by the Ranking Minority Member of the Committee. The Chairman of the Committee shall choose one of the Majority Members so appointed who does not currently chair another Subcommittee of the Committee to serve as Chairman of the panel. The Rank- ing Minority Member of the Committee shall similarly choose the Ranking Minority Member of the panel. (D) Ex Officio Members.—The Chairman and Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee may serve as ex–officio Members of each committee panel but are not authorized to vote on matters that arise before a committee panel and shall not be counted to satisfy the quorum requirement for any purpose other than taking testimony. (E) Jurisdiction.—No panel shall have legislative jurisdiction. (F) Applicability of Committee Rules.—Any designated panel shall be subject to all Committee Rules herein.

RULE XI.—REFERRALS TO SUBCOMMITTEES. Referral of Bills and Other Matters by Chairman.—Except for bills and other matters retained by the Chairman for Full Committee consideration, each bill or other matter referred to the Full Committee shall be referred by the Chairman to one or more subcommittees within two weeks of receipt by the Committee. In referring any measure or matter to a subcommittee, the Chair may specify a date by which the subcommittee shall report thereon to the Full Committee. Bills or other matters referred to subcommittees may be reassigned or discharged by the Chairman.

RULE XII.—SUBPOENAS. (A) Authorization.—Pursuant to clause 2(m) of Rule XI of the House, a subpoena may be authorized and issued under the seal of the House and attested by the Clerk of the House, and may be served by any person designated by the Full Committee for the furtherance of an investigation with authorization by— (1) a majority of the Full Committee, a quorum being present; or (2) the Chairman of the Full Committee, after consultation with the Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee, during any period for which the House has adjourned for a period in excess of 3 days pursuant to a concurrent resolution when, in the opinion of the Chairman of the Full Committee, authorization and issuance of the subpoena is necessary to obtain the material or testimony set forth in the subpoena. The Chairman of the Full Committee shall notify Members of the Committee of the authorization and issuance of a subpoena under this rule as soon as practicable, but in no event later than one week after service of such subpoena.

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(B) Disclosure.—Provisions may be included in a subpoena with the concurrence of the Chairman and the Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee, or by the Committee, to prevent the disclosure of the Full Committee’s demands for information when deemed necessary for the security of information or the progress of an investigation, including but not limited to prohibiting the revelation by witnesses and their counsel of Full Committee’s inquiries. (C) Subpoena duces tecum.—A subpoena duces tecum may be issued whose return to the Committee Clerk shall occur at a time and place other than that of a regularly scheduled meeting. (D) Affidavits and Depositions.—The Chairman of the Full Committee, in consultation with the Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee, or the Com- mittee may authorize the taking of an affidavit or deposition with respect to any person who is subpoenaed under these rules but who is unable to appear in person to testify as a witness at any hearing or meeting. Notices for the taking of depositions shall specify the date, time and place of examination. Depositions shall be taken under oath administered by a Member or a person otherwise authorized by law to administer oaths. Prior consultation with the Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee shall include written notice three business days before any deposition is scheduled to provide an opportunity for Minority staff to be present during the questioning.

RULE XIII.—COMMITTEE STAFF. (A) Generally.—Committee staff members are subject to the provisions of clause 9 of House Rule X and must be eligible to be considered for routine access to classified information. (B) Staff Assignments.—For purposes of these rules, Committee staff means the employees of the Committee, detailees, fellows, or any other person engaged by contract or otherwise to perform services for, or at the request of, the Committee. All such persons shall be either Majority, Minority, or shared staff. The Chairman shall appoint, determine remuneration of, supervise, and may remove Majority staff. The Ranking Minority Member shall appoint, determine remuneration of, supervise, and may remove Minority staff. In consultation with the Ranking Minority Member, the Chairman may appoint, determine remuneration of, supervise and may remove shared staff that is assigned to service of the Committee. The Chairman shall certify Committee staff appointments, including appointments by the Ranking Minority Member, as required. (C) Divulgence of Information.—Prior to the public acknowledgement by the Chairman or the Committee of a decision to initiate an investigation of a particular person, entity, or subject, no member of the Committee staff shall knowingly divulge to any person any information, including non–classified information, which comes into his or her possession by virtue of his or her status as a member of the Com- mittee staff, if the member of the Committee staff has a reasonable expectation that such information may alert the subject of a Committee investigation to the existence, nature, or substance of such investigation, unless authorized to do so by the Chairman or the Committee.

RULE XIV.—COMMITTEE MEMBER AND COMMITTEE STAFF TRAVEL. (A) Approval of Travel.—Consistent with the primary expense resolution and such additional expense resolutions as may have been approved, travel to be reimbursed from funds set aside for the Committee for any Committee Member or Committee staff shall be paid only upon the prior authorization of the Chairman. Travel may be authorized by the Chairman for any Committee Member or Committee staff only in connection with official Committee business, such as the attendance of hearings conducted by the Committee and meetings, conferences, site visits, and investigations that involve activities or subject matters under the general jurisdiction of the Full Committee. (1) Proposed Travel by Majority Party Committee Members and Committee Staff.—In the case of proposed travel by Majority party Committee Members or Committee staff, before such authorization is given, there shall be submitted to the Chairman in writing the following: (a) the purpose of the travel; (b) the dates during which the travel is to be made and the date or dates of the event for which the travel is being made; (c) the location of the event for which the travel is to be made; (d) the estimated total cost of the travel; and (e) the names of Members and staff seeking authorization. On the basis of that information, the Chairman shall determine whether the proposed travel is for official Com- mittee business, concerns a subject matter under the jurisdiction of the Full

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Committee, and is not excessively costly in view of the Committee business proposed to be conducted. (2) Proposed Travel by Minority Party Committee Members and Committee Staff.—In the case of proposed travel by Minority party Committee Members or Committee staff, the Ranking Minority Member shall provide to the Chairman a written representation setting forth the information specified in items (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) of subparagraph (1) and his or her determination that such travel complies with the other requirements of subparagraph (1). (B) Foreign Travel.—All Committee Members and Committee staff requests for foreign travel must include a written representation setting forth the information specified in items (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) of subparagraph (A)(1) and be submitted to the Chairman not fewer than ten business days prior to the start of the travel. Within thirty days of the conclusion of any such foreign travel authorized under this rule, there shall be submitted to the Chairman a written report summarizing the information gained as a result of the travel in question, or other Committee objectives served by such travel. The requirements of this section may be waived or abridged by the Chairman. (C) Compliance with Committee Travel Policy and Guidelines.—Travel must be in accordance with the Committee Travel Policy and Guidelines, as well as with House Rules, the Travel Guidelines and Regulations and any additional guidance set forth by the Committee on Ethics and the Committee on House Administration. Com- mittee Members and staff shall follow these rules, policies, guidelines, and regulations in requesting and proceeding with any Committee–related travel.

RULE XV.—CLASSIFIED AND CONTROLLED UNCLASSIFIED INFORMATION. (A) Security Precautions.—Committee staff offices, including Majority and Minor- ity offices, shall operate under strict security precautions administered by the Secu- rity Officer of the Committee. A security officer shall be on duty at all times during normal office hours. Classified documents and controlled unclassified information (CUI)—formerly known as sensitive but unclassified (SBU) information—may be de- stroyed, discussed, examined, handled, reviewed, stored, transported and used only in an appropriately secure manner in accordance with all applicable laws, executive orders, and other governing authorities. Such documents may be removed from the Committee’s offices only in furtherance of official Committee business. Appropriate security procedures, as determined by the Chairman in consultation with the Rank- ing Minority Member, shall govern the handling of such documents removed from the Committee’s offices. (B) Temporary Custody of Executive Branch Material.—Executive branch documents or other materials containing classified information in any form that were not made part of the record of a Committee hearing, did not originate in the Committee or the House, and are not otherwise records of the Committee shall, while in the custody of the Committee, be segregated and maintained by the Committee in the same manner as Committee records that are classified. Such documents and other materials shall be returned to the Executive branch agency from which they were obtained at the earliest practicable time. (C) Access by Committee Staff.—Access to classified information supplied to the Committee shall be limited to Committee staff members with appropriate security clearances and a need–to–know, as determined by the Chairman or Ranking Minor- ity Member, and under the direction of the Majority or Minority Staff Directors. (D) Maintaining Confidentiality.—No Committee Member or Committee staff shall disclose, in whole or in part or by way of summary, to any person who is not a Com- mittee Member or authorized Committee staff for any purpose or in connection with any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, any testimony given before the Committee in executive session. Classified information and controlled unclassified information (CUI) shall be handled in accordance with all applicable laws, executive orders, and other governing authorities and consistently with the provisions of these rules and Committee procedures. (E) Oath.—Before a Committee Member or Committee staff may have access to classified information, the following oath (or affirmation) shall be executed: I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will not disclose any classified information received in the course of my service on the Committee on Homeland Security, except as authorized by the Committee or the House of Representatives or in accordance with the Rules of such Committee or the Rules of the House. Copies of the executed oath (or affirmation) shall be retained by the Clerk of the Committee as part of the records of the Committee.

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(F) Disciplinary Action.—The Chairman shall immediately consider disciplinary action in the event any Committee Member or Committee staff member fails to conform to the provisions of these rules governing the disclosure of classified or unclassified information. Such disciplinary action may include, but shall not be limited to, immediate dismissal from the Committee staff, criminal referral to the Justice De- partment, and notification of the Speaker of the House. With respect to Minority staff, the Chairman shall consider such disciplinary action in consultation with the Ranking Minority Member.

RULE XVI.—COMMITTEE RECORDS. (A) Committee Records.—Committee Records shall constitute all data, charts and files in possession of the Committee and shall be maintained in accordance with clause 2(e) of House Rule XI . (B) Legislative Calendar.—The Clerk of the Committee shall maintain a printed calendar for the information of each Committee Member showing any procedural or legislative measures considered or scheduled to be considered by the Committee, and the status of such measures and such other matters as the Committee determines shall be included. The calendar shall be revised from time to time to show pertinent changes. A copy of such revisions shall be made available to each Member of the Committee upon request. (C) Members Right To Access.—Members of the Committee and of the House shall have access to all official Committee Records. Access to Committee files shall be limited to examination within the Committee offices at reasonable times. Access to Committee Records that contain classified information shall be provided in a manner consistent with these rules. (D) Removal of Committee Records.—Files and records of the Committee are not to be removed from the Committee offices. No Committee files or records that are not made publicly available shall be photocopied by any Member. (E) Executive Session Records.—Evidence or testimony received by the Committee in executive session shall not be released or made available to the public unless agreed to by the Committee. Members may examine the Committee’s executive session records, but may not make copies of, or take personal notes from, such records. (F) Availability of Committee Records.—The Committee shall keep a complete record of all Committee action including recorded votes and attendance at hearings and meetings. Information so available for public inspection shall include a descrip- tion of each amendment, motion, order, or other proposition, including the name of the Member who offered the amendment, motion, order, or other proposition, and the name of each Member voting for and each Member voting against each such amendment, motion, order, or proposition, as well as the names of those Members present but not voting. Such record shall be made available to the public at reasonable times within the Committee offices and also made publicly available in electronic form and posted on the official Committee web site within 48 hours of such record vote. (G) Separate and Distinct.—All Committee records and files must be kept separate and distinct from the office records of the Members serving as Chairman and Ranking Minority Member. Records and files of Members’ personal offices shall not be considered records or files of the Committee. (H) Disposition of Committee Records.—At the conclusion of each Congress, non– current records of the Committee shall be delivered to the Archivist of the United States in accordance with Rule VII of the Rules of the House. (I) Archived Records.—The records of the Committee at the National Archives and Records Administration shall be made available for public use in accordance with Rule VII of the Rules of the House. The Chairman shall notify the Ranking Minority Member of any decision, pursuant to clause 3(b)(3) or clause 4(b) of the Rule, to withhold a record otherwise available, and the matter shall be presented to the Committee for a determination on the written request of any member of the Com- mittee. The Chairman shall consult with the Ranking Minority Member on any communication from the Archivist of the United States or the Clerk of the House concerning the disposition of noncurrent records pursuant to clause 3(b) of the Rule.

RULE XVII.— COMMITTEE RULES. (A) Availability of Committee Rules in Electronic Form.—Pursuant to clause 2(a) of rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the Committee shall make its rules publicly available in electronic form and posted on the official Committee web site and shall submit such rules for publication in the Congressional Record not

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later than 30 days after the Chairman of the Committee is elected in each odd– numbered year. (B) Changes to Committee Rules.—These rules may be modified, amended, or repealed by the Full Committee provided that a notice in writing of the proposed change has been given to each Member at least 48 hours prior to the meeting at which action thereon is to be taken and such changes are not inconsistent with the Rules of the House of Representatives.

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January 2013

On January 3, 2013, Mr. Michael T. McCaul of Texas was elected as Chair, and Mr. Bennie G. Thompson of Mississippi as Ranking Member pursuant to H. Res. 6 and H. Res. 7, respectively. Minority Members were elected to the Committee on January 3, 2013, pursuant to H. Res. 7. Majority Members were elected to the Committee on January 4, 2013, pursuant to H. Res. 17. Ms. Janice Hahn of California resigned as a Member of the Committee on Home- land Security on January 14, 2013; and Mr. Filemon Vela of Texas, Mr. Steven A. Horsford of Nevada, and Mr. Eric Swalwell of California were elected to the Com- mittee pursuant to H. Res. 22. The Committee on Homeland Security Membership and Subcommittee Member- ship was as follows:

COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

LAMAR SMITH,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi PETER T. KING,New York LORETTA SANCHEZ,California MIKE ROGERS,Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania CEDRIC L. RICHMOND,Louisiana JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania RON BARBER,Arizona JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii CHRIS STEWART,Utah FILEMON VELA,Texas KEITH J. ROTHFUS,Pennsylvania STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina ERIC SWALWELL,California STEVE DAINES,Montana SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania LORETTA SANCHEZ,California JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts CHRIS STEWART,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

(271)

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania LORETTA SANCHEZ,California STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii CHRIS STEWART,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts KEITH J. ROTHFUS,Pennsylvania FILEMON VELA,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia RON BARBER,Arizona KEITH J. ROTHFUS,Pennsylvania DONALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina BETO O’ROURKE,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama CEDRIC L. RICHMOND, LOUISIANA, CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan RANKING MEMBER LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania SHEILA JACKSON LEE, TEXAS SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana ERIC SWALWELL, CALIFORNIA MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON, MISSISSIPPI (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND COMMUNICATIONS

SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

PETER T. KING,New York DONALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BRIAN HIGGINS,New York SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

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Mr. Keith J. Rothfus of Pennsylvania resigned as a Member of the Committee on Homeland Security on April 16, 2013. The Committee on Homeland Security Membership and Subcommittee Member- ships was as follows:

COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

LAMAR SMITH,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi PETER T. KING,New York LORETTA SANCHEZ,California MIKE ROGERS,Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania CEDRIC L. RICHMOND,Louisiana JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania RON BARBER,Arizona JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii CHRIS STEWART,Utah FILEMON VELA,Texas RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada STEVE DAINES,Montana ERIC SWALWELL,California SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania VACANCY

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania LORETTA SANCHEZ,California STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii CHRIS STEWART,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts STEVE DAINES,Montana FILEMON VELA,Texas SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada VACANCY BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia RON BARBER,Arizona RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina DONALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVE DAINES,Montana BETO O’ROURKE,Texas VACANCY BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND COMMUNICATIONS

SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

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Mr. Mark Sanford of South Carolina was elected to the Committee pursuant to H. Res. 257 on June 12, 2013. The Committee on Homeland Security Membership and Subcommittee Member- ships was as follows:

COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

LAMAR SMITH,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi PETER T. KING,New York LORETTA SANCHEZ,California MIKE ROGERS,Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania CEDRIC L. RICHMOND,Louisiana JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania RON BARBER,Arizona JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii CHRIS STEWART,Utah FILEMON VELA,Texas RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada STEVE DAINES,Montana ERIC SWALWELL,California SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania MARK SANFORD,South Carolina

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania LORETTA SANCHEZ,California STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii CHRIS STEWART,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah FILEMON VELA,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia RON BARBER,Arizona LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania DONALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina BETO O’ROURKE,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama CEDRIC L. RICHMOND, LOUISIANA, CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan RANKING MEMBER SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana SHEILA JACKSON LEE, TEXAS MARK SANFORD,South Carolina ERIC SWALWELL, CALIFORNIA MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON, MISSISSIPPI (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND COMMUNICATIONS

SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

PETER T. KING,New York DONALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania BRIAN HIGGINS,New York MARK SANFORD,South Carolina BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

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On August 1, 2013, the Chair announced the appointments of Vice Chairs for the Subcommittees. The Committee on Homeland Security Membership and Subcommittee Member- ships was as follows:

COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

LAMAR SMITH,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi PETER T. KING,New York LORETTA SANCHEZ,California MIKE ROGERS,Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania CEDRIC L. RICHMOND,Louisiana JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania RON BARBER,Arizona JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii CHRIS STEWART,Utah FILEMON VELA,Texas RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada STEVE DAINES,Montana ERIC SWALWELL,California SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania MARK SANFORD,South Carolina

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Vice LORETTA SANCHEZ,California Chair WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi CHRIS STEWART,Utah (ex officio) MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania LORETTA SANCHEZ,California STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii CHRIS STEWART,Utah, Vice Chair BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah FILEMON VELA,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania, Vice Chair BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND COMMUNICATIONS

SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

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Mr. Chris Stewart of Utah resigned as a Member of the Committee on Homeland Security on December 11, 2013. The Committee on Homeland Security Membership and Subcommittee Member- ships was as follows:

COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Vice LORETTA SANCHEZ,California Chair WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi VACANCY (ex officio) MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania LORETTA SANCHEZ,California STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD,Hawaii VACANCY BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

MIKE ROGERS,Alabama YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah FILEMON VELA,Texas STEVE DAINES,Montana STEVEN A. HORSFORD,Nevada SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania, Vice Chair BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND COMMUNICATIONS

SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

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Ms. Tulsi Gabbard of Hawaii and Mr. Steven A. Horsford of Nevada resigned as members of theCommittee on Homeland Security on April 3, 2014. The Committee on Homeland Security Membership and Subcommittee Member- ships was as follows:

COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

LAMAR SMITH,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi PETER T. KING,New York LORETTA SANCHEZ,California MIKE ROGERS,Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania CEDRIC L. RICHMOND,Louisiana JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania RON BARBER,Arizona JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania FILEMON VELA,Texas RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina ERIC SWALWELL,California STEVE DAINES,Montana VACANCY SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana VACANCY SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania MARK SANFORD,South Carolina VACANCY

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Vice LORETTA SANCHEZ,California Chair WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi VACANCY (ex officio) MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania LORETTA SANCHEZ,California STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania VACANCY VACANCY BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas (ex officio) (ex officio)

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND COMMUNICATIONS

SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

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Mr. Curtis Clawson of Florida was elected to the Committee on Homeland Secu- rity pursuant to H. Res. 660. The Committee on Homeland Security Membership and Subcommittee Member- ships was as follows:

COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL,Texas, Chairman

LAMAR SMITH,Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON,Mississippi PETER T. KING,New York LORETTA SANCHEZ,California MIKE ROGERS,Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE,Texas PAUL C. BROUN,Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE,New York CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS,New York PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania CEDRIC L. RICHMOND,Louisiana JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina WILLIAM R. KEATING,Massachusetts TOM MARINO,Pennsylvania RON BARBER,Arizona JASON CHAFFETZ,Utah DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR.,New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO,Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE,Texas LOU BARLETTA,Pennsylvania FILEMON VELA,Texas RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina ERIC SWALWELL,California STEVE DAINES,Montana VACANCY SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana VACANCY SCOTT PERRY,Pennsylvania MARK SANFORD,South Carolina CURTIS CLAWSON,Florida

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE

PETER T. KING,New York, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BORDER AND MARITIME SECURITY

CANDICE S. MILLER,Michigan, Chairman

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON CYBERSECURITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION, AND SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES

PATRICK MEEHAN,Pennsylvania, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY

JEFF DUNCAN,South Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

RICHARD HUDSON,North Carolina, Chairman

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND COMMUNICATIONS

SUSAN W. BROOKS,Indiana, Chairman

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Public Law Date Approved Bill Title

113–27 .... August 9, 2013 ...... H.R. 1344 ...... ‘‘HELPING HEROES FLY ACT.’’ To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the Assistant Sec- retary of Homeland Security (Transportation Security Administra- tion) to provide expedited air passenger screening to severely injured or disabled members of the Armed Forces and severely injured or disabled veterans, and for other purposes.

113–221 .. December 16, 2014 ... H.R. 4812 ...... ‘‘HONOR FLIGHT ACT.’’ To amend title 49, United States Code, to require the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration to establish a process for providing expedited and dignified passenger screening services for veterans traveling to visit war memorials built and dedicated to honor their service, and for other purposes.

113–238 .. December 18, 2014 ... H.R. 1204 ...... ‘‘AVIATION SECURITY STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION ACT OF 2014.’’ To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the Assistant Sec- retary of Homeland Security (Transportation Security Administra- tion) to establish an Aviation Security Advisory Committee, and for other purposes.

113–245 .. December 18, 2014 ... H.R. 2719 ...... ‘‘TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ACQUISITION REFORM ACT.’’ To require the Transportation Security Administration to implement best practices and improve transparency with regard to technology acquisition programs, and for other purposes.

113–246 .. December 18, 2014 ... H.R. 2952 ...... ‘‘CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE ASSESSMENT ACT.’’ To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to make certain improvements in the laws relating to the advancement of security technologies for critical infrastructure protection, and for other purposes.

113–254 .. December 18, 2014 ... H.R. 4007 ...... ‘‘CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI–TERRORISM STANDARDS PROGRAM AUTHORIZATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2014.’’ To recodify and reauthorize the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program.

113–277 .. December 18, 2014 ... S. 1691 ...... ‘‘BORDER PATROL AGENT PAY REFORM ACT OF 2014.’’ To amend title 5, United States Code, to improve the security of the United States border and to provide for reforms and rates of pay for border patrol agents.

113–282 .. December 18, 2014 ... S. 2519 ...... ‘‘NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY PROTECTION ACT OF 2014.’’ To codify an existing operations center for cybersecurity.

113–283 .. December 18, 2014 ... S. 2521 ...... ‘‘FEDERAL INFORMATION SECURITY MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2014.’’ To amend chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, to provide for reform to Federal information security.

† Not all Public Law numbers available at the time of filing. (285)

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Public Law Date Approved Bill Title

113–284 .. December 18, 2014 ... S. 2651 ...... ‘‘DHS OIG MANDATES REVISION ACT OF 2014.’’ To repeal certain mandates of the Department of Homeland Secu- rity Office of the Inspector General. 113–294 .. December 19, 2014 ... H.R. 5462 ...... To amend title 49, United States Code, to provide for limitations on the fees charged to passengers of air carriers.

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H.Rpt. 113–87 Border Security Results Act of 2013 H.R. 1417 To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to develop a comprehensive strategy to gain and maintain operational control of the international borders of the United States, and for other purposes. Filed May 20, 2013. H.Rpt. 113–273 Medical Preparedness Allowable Use Act H.R. 1791 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to codify authority under existing grant guidance authorizing use of Urban Area Security Initiative and State Home- land Security Grant Program funding for enhancing medical preparedness, medical surge capacity, and mass prophylaxis capabilities, with an amendment. Filed November 21, 2013. H.Rpt. 113–274 TSA Loose Change Act H.R. 1095 To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the As- sistant Secretary of Homeland Security (Transpor- tation Security Administration) to transfer unclaimed money recovered at airport security checkpoints to nonprofit organizations that provide places of rest and recuperation at airports for members of the Armed Forces and their families, and for other purposes, with an amendment. Filed November 21, 2013. H.Rpt. 113–275 Transportation Security Acquisition Reform Act H.R. 2719 To require the Transportation Security Administration to implement best practices and improve transparency with regard to technology acquisition programs, and for other purposes, with an amendment. Filed November 21, 2013. H. Rpt. 113–278 Aviation Security Stakeholder Participation Act of 2013 H.R. 1204 To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the As- sistant Secretary of Homeland Security (Transpor- tation Security Administration) to establish an Avia- tion Security Advisory Committee, and for other purposes. Filed December 2, 2013. H. Rpt. 113–294 Homeland Security Cybersecurity Boots–on–the–Ground H.R. 3107 Act To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish cybersecurity occupation classifications, assess the cybersecurity workforce, develop a strategy to address identified gaps in the cybersecurity workforce, and for other purposes. Filed December 12, 2013.

(287)

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H. Rpt. 113–436 DHS Acquisition Accountability and Efficiency Act H.R. 4228 To require the Department of Homeland Security to improve discipline, accountability, and transparency in acquisition program management. Filed May 6, 2014. H. Rpt. 113–480 Social Media Working Group Act of 2014 H.R. 4263 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to authorize the Department of Homeland Security to establish a social media working group, and for other purposes, with an amendment. Filed June 19, 2014. H. Rpt. 113–484 DHS Interoperable Communications Act H.R. 4289 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require the Under Secretary for Management of the Depart- ment of Homeland Security to take administrative action to achieve and maintain interoperable communications capabilities among the components of the Depart- ment of Homeland Security, and for other purposes. Filed June 19, 2014. H. Rpt. 113–491, Pt. I Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program H.R. 4007 Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014 To recodify and reauthorize the Chemical Facility Anti– Terrorism Standards Program. Filed June 23, 2014. H. Rpt. 113–511, Pt. I Preclearance Authorization Act of 2014 H.R. 3488 To establish the conditions under which the Secretary of Homeland Security may establish preclearance facilities, conduct preclearance operations, and provide customs services outside the United States, and for other purposes. Filed July 3, 2014 H. Rpt. 113–512 Gerardo Hernandez Airport Security Act of 2014 H.R. 4802 To improve intergovernmental planning for and communication during security incidents at domestic airports, and for other purposes. Filed July 3, 2014 H. Rpt. 113–513 TSA Office of Inspection Accountability Act of 2014 H. R. 4803 To require the Transportation Security Administration to conform to existing Federal law and regulations regarding criminal investigator positions, and for other purposes. Filed July 3, 2014 H. Rpt. 113–516 Honor Flight Act H.R. 4812 To amend title 49, United States Code, to require the Administrator of the Transportation Security Adminis- tration to establish a process for providing expedited and dignified passenger screening services for veterans traveling to visit war memorials built and dedicated to honor their service, and for other purposes. Filed July 3, 2014 H. Rpt. 113–528 Essential Transportation Worker Identification Credential H.R. 3202 Assessment Act To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to prepare a comprehensive security assessment of the transportation security card program, and for other purposes. Filed July 17, 2014

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H. Rpt. 113–550, Pt. I National Cybersecurity and Critical Infrastructure Pro- H.R. 3696 tection Act of 2013 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to make certain improvements regarding cybersecurity and critical infrastructure protection, and for other purposes. Filed July 23, 2014 H. Rpt. 113–555, Pt. I United States U.S. Customs and Border Protection Au- H.R. 3846 thorization Act To provide for the authorization of border, maritime, and transportation security responsibilities and functions in the Department of Homeland Security and the establishment of United States U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and for other purposes. Filed July 24, 2014

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PUBLIC LAWS

Pub. Law 113–54 H.R. 1344.—Helping Heroes Fly Act. To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the Assistant Sec- retary of Homeland Security (Transportation Security Administra- tion) to provide expedited air passenger screening to severely injured or disabled members of the Armed Forces and severely injured or disabled veterans, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Mar. 21, 2013. Rules suspended. Passed House amended May 21, 2013; Roll No. 166: 413–0. Received in Senate and referred to Commerce, Science and Transportation May 22, 2013. Committee discharged. Passed Senate with amendment Aug. 1, 2013. House agreed to Senate amendment Aug. 2, 2013. Pre- sented to the President Aug. 6, 2013. Approved Aug. 9, 2013. Pub- lic Law 113–27. Pub. Law 113–221 H.R. 4812 (S. 2689/S. 2671).—Honor Flight Act. To amend title 49, United States Code, to require the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration to establish a process for providing expedited and dignified passenger screening services for veterans traveling to visit war memorials built and dedicated to honor their service, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security June 9, 2014. Reported July 3, 2014; Rept. 113–516. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House amended July 22, 2014. Received in Senate and referred to Commerce, Science and Transportation July 23, 2014. Committee discharged. Passed Senate Dec. 4, 2014. Presented to the President Dec. 9, 2014. Public Law 113–221. Pub. Law 113–238 H.R. 1204.—Aviation Security Stakeholder Participation Act of 2014. To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the Assistant Secretary of Homeland Security (Transpor- tation Security Administration) to establish an Aviation Security Advisory Committee, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Mar. 14, 2013. Reported amended Dec. 2, 2013; Rept. 113– 278. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House amended Dec. 3, 2013; Roll No. 617: 411-3. Received in Senate and referred to Commerce, Science and Transportation Dec. 9, 2013. Committee discharged. Passed Senate with amendment Dec. 9, 2014. House agreed to Senate amendment under suspension of the rules Dec. 10, 2014; Roll No. 560: 416-5. Presented to the President December 12, 2014. Approved December 18, 2014. Public Law 113–238. (291)

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Pub. Law 113–245 H.R. 2719 (S. 1893).—Transportation Secu- rity Acquisition Reform Act. To require the Transportation Security Administration to implement best practices and improve transparency with regard to technology acquisition programs, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security July 18, 2013. Re- ported amended Nov. 21, 2013; Rept. 113–275. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House amended Dec. 3, 2013; Roll No. 616: 416-0. Received in Senate and referred to Commerce, Science and Transportation Dec. 9, 2013. Committee discharged. Passed Senate with amendment Dec. 9, 2014. House agreed to Senate amendment under suspension of the rules Dec. 10, 2014; Roll No. 559: 425-0. Presented to the President December 12, 2014. Ap- proved December 18, 2014. Public Law 113–245. Pub. Law 113–246 H.R. 2952.—Cybersecurity Workforce Assess- ment Act. To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to make certain improvements in the laws relating to the advancement of security technologies for critical infrastructure protection, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Aug. 1, 2013. Re- ported amended Jan. 9, 2014; Rept. 113–324. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House amended July 28, 2014. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs July 29, 2014. Committee discharged. Passed Senate with amendments Dec. 10, 2014. House agreed to Senate amendments under suspension of the rules Dec. 11, 2014. Presented to the Presi- dent December 12, 2014. Approved December 18, 2014. Public Law 113–246. Pub. Law 113–254 H.R. 4007.—Chemical Facility Anti–Ter- rorism Standards Program Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. To recodify and reauthorize the Chemical Facility Anti–Ter- rorism Standards Program. Referred to Homeland Security and in addition to Energy and Commerce Feb. 6, 2014. Reported amended from Homeland Security June 23, 2014; Rept. 113–491, Pt. I. En- ergy and Commerce discharged June 23, 2014. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House amended July 8, 2014. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Af- fairs July 9, 2014. Reported with amendment Sept. 18, 2014; Rept. 113–263. Passed Senate with amendment Dec. 10, 2014. House agreed to Senate amendment under suspension of the rules Dec. 11, 2014. Presented to the President Dec. 12, 2014. Approved De- cember 18, 2014. Public Law 113–254. Pub. Law 113–277 S. 1691.—Border Patrol Agent Pay Reform Act of 2014. To amend title 5, United States Code, to improve the security of the United States border and to provide for reforms and rates of pay for border patrol agents. Referred to Homeland Secu- rity and Governmental Affairs Nov. 13, 2013. Reported amended Aug. 26, 2014; Rept. 113–248. Received in House and referred to Oversight and Government Reform and in addition to Homeland Security Sept. 19, 2014. Rules suspended. Passed House Dec. 10, 2014. Presented to President Dec. 12, 2014. Approved December 18, 2014. Public Law 113–277. Pub. Law 113–282 S. 2519 (H.R. 3969).—National Cybersecu- rity Protection Act of 2014. To codify an existing operations center for cybersecurity. Reported amended July 31, 2014; Rept. 113–240. Passed Senate amended Dec. 10, 2014. Received in House and held

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00298 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 293 at desk Dec. 10, 2014. Rules suspended. Passed House Dec. 11, 2014. Presented to President Dec. 12, 2014. Approved December 18, 2014. Public Law 113–282. Pub. Law 113–283 S. 2521.—Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014. To amend chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, to provide for reform to Federal information security. Referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs June 24, 2014. Reported Sept. 15, 2014; Rept. 113–256. Passed Senate amended Dec. 8, 2014. Received in House and held at desk Dec. 9, 2014. Passed House Dec. 10, 2014. Presented to President Dec. 12, 2014. Approved December 18, 2014. Public Law 113–283. Pub. Law 113–284 S. 2651.—DHS OIG Mandates Revision Act of 2014 . To repeal certain mandates of the Department of Home- land Security Office of the Inspector General. Referred to Home- land Security and Governmental Affairs July 24, 2014. Reported amended Sept. 16, 2014; no written report. Passed Senate amended Sept. 17 (Legislative day of Sept. 16), 2014. Received in House and referred to Transportation and Infrastructure and in addition to Homeland Security Sept. 18, 2014. Rules suspended. Passed House Dec. 10, 2014. Presented to President Dec. 12, 2014. Approved De- cember 18, 2014. Public Law 113–284. Pub. Law 113–294 H.R. 5462.—To amend title 49, United States Code, to provide for limitations on the fees charged to passengers of air carriers. Referred to Homeland Security Sept. 15, 2014. Considered under suspension of rules Sept. 16, 2014. Rules suspended. Passed House Sept. 17, 2014; Roll No. 505: 423-0. Re- ceived in Senate and referred to Commerce, Science and Transpor- tation Sept. 18, 2014. Committee discharged. Passed Senate Dec. 4, 2014. Presented to the President Dec. 9, 2014. Approved Dec. 19, 2014. Public Law 113–294.

LEGISLATION IN THE SENATE

H.R. 1095.— TSA Loose Change Act. To amend title 49, United States Code, to direct the Assistant Secretary of Homeland Secu- rity (Transportation Security Administration) to transfer unclaimed money recovered at airport security checkpoints to nonprofit organizations that provide places of rest and recuperation at airports for members of the Armed Forces and their families, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Mar. 12, 2013. Com- mittee ordered reported Oct. 29, 2013. Reported amended Nov. 21, 2013; Rept. 113–274. Passed House Dec. 3, 2013; voice. Received in Senate and referred to Commerce, Science and Transportation Dec. 9, 2013. H.R. 1542.—WMD Intelligence and Information Sharing Act of 2013. To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to establish weapons of mass destruction intelligence and information sharing functions of the Office of Intelligence and Analysis of the Depart- ment of Homeland Security and to require dissemination of information analyzed by the Department to entities with responsibilities relating to homeland security, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Apr. 12, 2013. Rules suspended. Passed House

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00299 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 294 July 22, 2013; Roll No. 375: 388–3. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs July 23, 2013. H.R. 1791.—Medical Preparedness Allowable Use Act. To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to codify authority under existing grant guidance authorizing use of Urban Area Security Initia- tive and State Homeland Security Grant Program funding for enhancing medical preparedness, medical surge capacity, and mass prophylaxis capabilities. Referred to Homeland Security Apr. 26, 2013. Committee ordered reported Oct. 29, 2013. Reported amended Nov. 21, 2013; Rept. 113–273. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House amended Feb. 3, 2014; Roll No. 32: 391–2. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Govern- mental Affairs Feb. 4, 2014. H.R. 3107.—Homeland Security Cybersecurity Boots–on–the– Ground Act. To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish cybersecurity occupation classifications, assess the cybersecurity workforce, develop a strategy to address identified gaps in the cybersecurity workforce, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Sep. 17, 2013. Committee ordered reported Oct. 29, 2013. Reported amended Dec. 12, 2013; Rept. 113–294. Rules suspended. Passed House July 28, 2014. Roll No. 457: 395– 8.Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Gov- ernmental Affairs July 24, 2014. H.R. 3202.—Essential Transportation Worker Identification Cre- dential Assessment Act .To require the Secretary of Homeland Se- curity to prepare a comprehensive security assessment of the transportation security card program, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Sept. 27, 2013. Reported amended July 17, 2014; Rept. 113–528. Rules suspended. Passed House July 28, 2014. Roll No. 457: 400–0. Received in Senate and referred to Com- merce, Science, and Transportation July 24, 2014. H.R. 3410.—Critical Infrastructure Protection Act.To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to secure critical infrastructure against electromagnetic pulses, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Oct. 30, 2013. Rules suspended. Passed House, amended, by voice vote. Dec. 1, 2014. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs December 2, 2014. H.R. 3438.—National Laboratories Mean National Security Act.To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to authorize use of grants under the Urban Area Security Initiative and the State Homeland Security Grant Program to work in conjunction with a Department of Energy national laboratory. Referred to Homeland Security Oct. 30, 2013. Rules suspended. Passed House, Roll No. 533. Dec. 1, 2014. Received in the Senate Dec. 2, 2014. H.R. 3488.—Preclearance Authorization Act of 2014. To establish the conditions under which the Secretary of Homeland Security may establish preclearance facilities, conduct preclearance operations, and provide customs services outside the United States, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security and in addition to Ways and Means Nov. 14, 2013. Reported amended from Home- land Security July 3, 2014; Rept. 113–511, Pt. I. Ways and Means discharged July 3, 2014. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00300 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 295 House amended July 8, 2014. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs July 9, 2014. H.R. 3696 (S. 2519).—National Cybersecurity and Critical In- frastructure Protection Act of 2013. To amend the Homeland Secu- rity Act of 2002 to make certain improvements regarding cybersecurity and critical infrastructure protection, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Dec. 11, 2013. Committee ordered reported Feb. 5, 2014. Reported amended from Homeland Security July 23, 2014; Rept. 113–550, Pt. I. Science, Space, and Technology and Oversight and Government Reform discharged July 23, 2014. Rules suspended. Passed House July 28, 2014. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs July 24, 2014. H.R. 3846.—United States U.S. Customs and Border Protection Authorization Act. To provide for the authorization of border, maritime, and transportation security responsibilities and functions in the Department of Homeland Security and the establishment of United States U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security and in addition to Ways and Means Jan. 10, 2014. Reported amended from Homeland Secu- rity July 24, 2014; Rept. 113–555, Pt. I. Ways and Means discharged July 24, 2014. Rules suspended. Passed House July 28, 2014. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs July 24, 2014. H.R. 4228.—DHS Acquisition Accountability and Efficiency Act. To require the Department of Homeland Security to improve discipline, accountability, and transparency in acquisition program management. Referred to Homeland Security Mar. 13, 2014. Re- ported amended May 6, 2014; Rept. 113–436. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House amended June 9, 2014. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Af- fairs June 10, 2014. H.R. 4263.—Social Media Working Group Act of 2014. To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to authorize the Department of Homeland Security to establish a social media working group, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Mar. 14, 2014. Reported amended June 19, 2014; Rept. 113–480. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House amended July 8, 2014; Roll No. 369: 375–19. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs July 9, 2014. H.R. 4289.—Department of Homeland Security Interoperable Communications Act. To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require the Under Secretary for Management of the Department of Homeland Security to take administrative action to achieve and maintain interoperable communications capabilities among the components of the Department of Homeland Security, and for other purposes. Referred to Homeland Security Mar. 24, 2014. Reported June 19, 2014; Rept. 113–484. Union Calendar. Rules suspended. Passed House July 8, 2014; Roll No. 370: 393–0. Received in Senate and referred to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs July 9, 2014. H.R. 4450 (S. 2250).—Travel Promotion, Enhancement, and Modernization Act of 2014. To extend the Travel Promotion Act of 2009, and for other purposes. Referred to Energy and Commerce

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LEGISLATION REPORTED TO THE HOUSE

H.R. 1417 (S. 683).—Border Security Results Act of 2013. To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to develop a comprehensive strategy to gain and maintain operational control of the international borders of the United States, and for other purposes. Re- ferred to Homeland Security Apr. 9, 2013. Reported amended May 20, 2013; Rept. 113–87.

LEGISLATION ORDERED TO BE REPORTED TO THE HOUSE

H.R. 3283.—Integrated Public Alert and Warning System Mod- ernization Act of 2013. To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to direct the Secretary of Homeland Security to modernize and implement the national integrated public alert and warning

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EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS

Executive Communication 651 March 11, 2013—Letter from Acting Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Homeland Security, transmitting the Department’s Privacy Office’s report entitled, ‘‘2012 Data Mining Report to Congress’’, pursuant to Pub. L. 110–53 (121 Stat. 266). Executive Communication 2178 June 28, 2013—Letter from Chief, Border Security Regulations Branch, Depart- ment of Homeland Security, transmitting the Department’s final rule—Extension of Border Zone in the State of New Mexico [Docket No.: USCBP–2012–0030] (RIN: 1651–AA95) received June 10, 2013, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A). Executive Communication 3765 November 19, 2013—A letter from the Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Homeland Security, transmitting a report entitled, ‘‘DHS Privacy Office 2013 An- nual Report to Congress’’. Executive Communication 3782 November 20, 2013—A letter from the Chief, Border Security Regulations Branch, Department of Homeland Security, transmitting the Department’s final rule—Technical Corrections Relating to the Procedures for the Production or Disclo- sure of Information in State or Local Criminal Proceedings [CBP Dec. 13–18] received November 18, 2013, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A). Executive Communication 576 January 27, 2014—Letter from Secretaries, Department of Homeland Security and Health and Human Services, transmitting notification that the Office of Man- agement and Budget has approved the Department’s recommendation to procure midazolam to mitigate and/or treat the effects of exposure to nerve agents for the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) using the Special Reserve Fund (SRF). Executive Communication 4577 January 27, 2014—Letter from Secretaries, Department of Homeland Security and Health and Human Services, transmitting notification that the Office of Man- agement and Budget has approved the Department’s recommendation to procure cytokines—NEUPOGEN (filgrastim) and Leukine (sargramostim)—to treat Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) to be procured for the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) using the Special Reserve Fund. Executive Communication 5970 June 12, 2014—Letter from Chief, Border Security Regulations Branch, Depart- ment of Homeland Security, transmitting the Department’s final rule—The U.S. Asia–Pacific Economic Cooperation Business Travel Card Program [Docket No.: USCBP–2013–0029] (RIN: 1654–AB01) received May 7, 2014, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A). Executive Communication 6112 June 23, 2014—Letter from Acting Assistant Secretary, Department of Home- land Security, transmitting the 2013 Annual Progress Report on the National Strat- egy for Transportation Security. (299)

VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:57 Dec 31, 2014 Jkt 091986 PO 00000 Frm 00305 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\HR719.XXX HR719 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS 300 Executive Communication 6142 June 24, 2014—Letter from Acting Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs, Department of Homeland Security, transmitting the Department’s report for the Of- fice of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties for the Fourth Quarter of 2013. Executive Communication 6225 June 30, 2014—Letter from, President of the United States, transmitting a letter addressing the humanitarian situation in the Rio Grande Valley areas of our Na- tion’s Southwest Border. Executive Communication 6310 July 9, 2014—Letter from Administrator, Department of Homeland Security, transmitting the Administration’s certification that the level of screening services and protection provided at the Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport (BZN), Bert Mooney Airport (BTM), Glacier Park International Airport (GPI) and Yellow- stone Airport (WYS) will be equal to or greater than the level that would be provided at the airport by TSA Transportation Security Officers and that the screening company is owned and controlled by citizens of the United States, pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 44920 Pub. L. 107–71, { 108. Executive Communication 6863 August 4, 2014—Letter from Chief, Border Security Regulations Branch, De- partment of Homeland Security, transmitting the Department’s final rule—losing of the Jamieson Line, New York Border Crossing [Docket No.: USCBP–2012–0037] [CBP Dec. 14–08] received July 17, 2014, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A). Executive Communication 7347 September 18, 2014—Letter from Acting Director, Office of the National Drug Control Policy, transmitting 2014 National Drug Control Strategy, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 1504. Executive Communication 7672 November 12, 2014—Letter from Acting Director, Acquisition Policy and Legis- lation, Department of Homeland Security, transmitting the Department’s final rule—Homeland Security Acquisition Regulation; Lead System Integrators [HSAR Case 2009–003] [Docket No.: DHS–2009–0006] (RIN: 1601–AA49) received Sep- tember 24, 2014, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A). Executive Communication 7737 November 17, 2014—Letter from Administrator, TSA, Department of Homeland Security, transmitting the Administration’s certification that the level of screening services and protection provided at Orlando Sanford International Airport (SFB) will be equal to or greater than the level that would be provided at the airport by TSA Transportation Security Officers. Executive Communication 7752 November 18, 2014—Letter from Administrator, TSA, Department of Homeland Security, transmitting the Administration’s certification that the level of screening services and protection provided at Roswell International Air Center (ROW) will be equal to or greater than the level that would be provided at the airport by TSA Transportation Security Officers. Executive Communication 7814 November 19, 2014—Letter from Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Home- land Security, transmitting a report entitled ‘‘DHS Privacy Office 2014 Annual Re- port to Congress’’. Executive Communication 7815 November 19, 2014—Letter from Administrator, Office of Information and Reg- ulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, transmitting a response to the Speaker’s letter sent on May 20, 2014 regarding a Transportation Security Adminis- tration rule. Executive Communication 8107 November 20, 2014—Letter from Chief Financial Officer, Department of Home- land Security, transmitting the ‘‘Report on the Purchase and Usage of Ammunition for 2013’’. Executive Communication 8231

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December 10, 2014—Letter from Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs, De- partment of Homeland Security, transmitting the Report of the Department’s Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties, covering the first and second quarters of FY 2014, from October 1, 2013, to March 31, 2014. Executive Communication 8301 December 11, 2014—The Administration’s certification that the level of screening services and protection provided at Sarasota-Bradenton International Airport (SRQ) will be equal to or greater than the level that would be provided at the airport by TSA Transportation Security Officers .

MEMORIALS Memorial 38 May 24, 2013—Memorial of the General Assembly of the State of California, relative to Assembly Joint Resolution No. 4 urging the federal government to fund necessary improvements at the San Ysidro, Calexico, and Otay Mesa Ports of Entry. Memorial 39 May 24, 2013—Memorial of the General Assembly of the State of California, relative to Assembly Joint Resolution No. 4 urging the federal government to fund necessary improvements at the San Ysidro, Calexico, and Otay Mesa Ports of Entry. Memorial 119 July 31, 2013—Memorial of the Senate of the State of Louisiana, relative to Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 119 memorializing Congress to establish a task force to study and make recommendations relative to implementation of the Federal REAL ID Act of 2005 in Louisiana.

PRESIDENTIAL MESSAGES

Presidential Message 8 April 24, 2013—Communication from the President of the United States, transmitting the Administration’s 2013 National Drug Control Strategy, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 1504. (H. Doc. 113–20). Presidential Message 49 July 10, 2014—Communication from the President of the United States, transmitting the Administration’s 2014 National Drug Control Strategy, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 1504. (H. Doc. 113–129).

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MAJORITY STAFF Brendan P. Shields, Staff Director Paul Anstine, Staff Director, Subcommittee on Border and Mari- time Security Diana Bergwin, Professional Staff Member Kate Bonvechio, Professional Staff Member Mandy Bowers, Staff Director, Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence Luke Burke, Sr. Professional Staff Member Chad Carlough, Professional Staff Member Alan Carroll, Sr. Professional Staff Member Lauren Claffey, Communications Director Ryan Consaul, Staff Director, Subcommittee on Oversight and Man- agement Efficiency Brett DeWitt, Sr. Advisor Laura Fullerton, Sr. Advisor Tina Garcia, Staff Assistant Steven Giaier, Counsel, Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Se- curity Nicole Halavik, Professional Staff Member Eric Heighberger, Deputy Staff Director Deborah Jordan, Subcommittee Clerk Kerry A. Kinirons, Staff Director, Subcommittee on Emergency Pre- paredness, Response, and Communications Kyle Klein, Professional Staff Member Alex Manning, Staff Director, Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, In- frastructure Protection, and Security Technologies Natalie Matson, Professional Staff Member Madaline Matthews, Special Assistant to the Staff Director Kyle McFarland, Security Director Jason Miller, Sr. Professional Staff Member Margaret Anne Moore, Press Assistant James Murphy, Sr. Advisor and Director of Member Services John Neal, Professional Staff Member Joan O’Hara, General Counsel Jason Olin, Staff Assistant R. Nicholas Palarino, Deputy Staff Director for Oversight and Inves- tigations Amanda Parikh, Staff Director, Subcommittee on Transportation Security Erik Peterson, Professional Staff Member Michael Rosen, Sr. Advisor (303)

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MINORITY STAFF I. Lanier Avant, Staff Director Moira Bergin, Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communciations Director Rosaline Cohen, Chief Counsel for Legislation Adam M. Comis, Communications Director Ashley M. Delgado, Professional Staff Member Shante Gauthier, Executive Assistant Hope Goins, Chief Counsel for Oversight Cedric Haynes, Professional Staff Member Cory Horton, Professional Staff Member Deborah R. Mack, Professional Staff Member Alison B. Northrop, Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security Director K. Christopher Schepis, Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastruc- ture Protection, and Security Technologies Director Nicole Tisdale, Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence Director Brian B. Turbyfill, Subcommittee on Transportation Security Direc- tor Nicole Wade, Office Manager

SHARED COMMITTEE STAFF Michael S. Twinchek, Chief Clerk Natalie Nixon, Deputy Chief Clerk / Administrator Heather Crowell, GPO Detailee, Printer

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FORMER MAJORITY STAFF Jennifer Arangio, Sr. Counsel Ellen Carlin, Professional Staff Robert Carretta, Advisor for Transportation Security / DHS Reau- thorization Kevin Carroll, Sr. Counsel Michael Geffroy, Deputy Chief of Staff / Chief Counsel Kevin Gundersen, Sr. Professional Staff Zach Harris, Assistant Security Director / Professional Staff Greg Hill, Chief of Staff Joshua Katz, Advisor Tom Leonard, Advisor for Border Security Michael McAdams, Deputy Press Secretary Dirk Maurer, Counsel James Meek, Advisor for Counterterrorism Meghann Peterlin, Sr. Professional Staff Member / Security Direc- tor Krista Powers, Professional Staff Mary Rose Rooney, Professional Staff Member Monica Sanders, Sr. Counsel /Investigator Charlotte Sellmeyer, Communications Director Michael Spierto, Professional Staff Member Kerry Ann Watkins, Staff Director, Subcommittee on Counterter- rorism and Intelligence

FORMER MINORITY STAFF Hillary Anderson, Research Assistant Pizza Ashby, Professional Staff Member Cherri Branson, Chief Counsel for Oversight Curtis Brown, Professional Staff Member Synarus Greene, Professional Staff Member Claytrice Henderson, Legislative Assistant Marisela Salayandia, Sr. Professional Staff Member Tamla T. Scott, Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Effi- ciencies Director Alyssa Scruggs, Research Assistant Charles Snyder, Professional Staff Member Shaun West, Professional Staff Member

FORMER SHARED STAFF Dawn M. Criste, Chief Financial Officer

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— A —

ADAMSKI, SHAYNE, Senior Manager, Digital Engagement, Federal Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Department of Home- land Security. • EPRC, Jul. 9, 2013, ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part2 #Govt/NGOs.’’ AHERN, JAYSON, Principal, Chertoff Group. • BMS, Jun. 23, 2013, ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Approaches to Border Security.’’ ALDEN, EDWARD, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations. • BMS, Jun. 23, 2013, ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Approaches to Border Security.’’ ALLEN, THAD, (ADM, Ret.), Senior Vice President, Booz Allen Ham- ilton. • FULL, Feb. 13, 2013, ‘‘A New Perspective on Threats to the Homeland.’’ ALLISON, RODERICK, Assistant Administrator, Office of Inspection, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • TS, Jan. 28, 2014, ‘‘Examining TSA’s Cadre of Criminal Investigators.’’ AMITAY, STEVE, Executive Director/General Counsel, National Asso- ciation of Security Companies. • TS, Jul. 29, 2014, ‘‘Examining TSA’s Management of the Screening Partner- ship Program.’’ ARMSTRONG, CHARLES, Assistant Commissioner, Office of Informa- tion and Technology, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Feb. 6, 2014, ‘‘Examining Challenges and Wasted Taxpayer Dollars in Modernizing Border Security IT Systems.’’ ASHWOOD, ALBERT, Chairman, NEMA Legislative Committee, Di- rector, Oklahoma Department of Emergency Management, Tes- tifying on behalf of the National Emergency Management Asso- ciation. • EPRC, Jul. 9, 2013, ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part2 #Govt/NGOs.’’ ASTRUE, MICHAEL, Former Social Security Commissioner, Former U.S. Department of Health and Human Services General Counsel. • CIPST, Sep. 11, 2013, ‘‘The Threat to Americans’ Personal Information: A Look into the Security and Reliability of the Health Exchange Data Hub.’’ (307)

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BAKER, STEWART A., Former Assistant Secretary for Policy, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Jun. 20, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for the Quad- rennial Homeland Security Review.’’ BARANOFF, ARI, Assistant Special Agent in Charge, Criminal Inves- tigative Division, United States Secret Service, U.S. Depart- ment of Homeland Security. • CIPST, Apr. 16, 2014, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) ‘‘Protecting Your Per- sonal Data: How Law Enforcement Works With the Private Sector to Pre- vent Cybercrime.’’ BARFI, BARAK, Research Fellow, New America Foundation. • CTI, May 22, 2013, ‘‘Assessing the Threat to the Homeland from al Qaeda Operations in Iran and Syria.’’ BECK, CHRIS, Dr., Vice President, Policy and Strategic Initiatives, The Electric Infrastructure Security Council. • CIPST, May 8, 2014, ‘‘Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP): Threat to Critical Infra- structure.’’ BECKERMAN, MICHAEL, President and CEO, The Internet Associa- tion. • EPRC, Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part1 #Privatesector.’’ BEJTLICH, RICHARD, Chief Security Officer and Security Services Architect, Mandiant. • CIPST, Mar. 20, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Threats from China, Russia and Iran: Pro- tecting American Critical Infrastructure.’’ BENDA, PAUL, Director, Advanced Research Projects Agency, Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Home- land Security. • TS, May 8, 2013, ‘‘TSA Procurement Reform: Saving Taxpayer Dollars Through Smarter Spending Practices.’’ BENNER, WILLIAM, Director, Screening Partnership Program, Office of Security Operations, Transportation Security Administra- tion, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • TS, Jul. 29, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Examining TSA’s Management of the Screening Partnership Program.’’ BENTLEY, EMILY, Associate Professor, Homeland Security and Emergency Management Program, Savannah State University. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ BERCERRA, XAVIER, a Representative in Congress from the 34th District, State of California. • BMS, Jun. 23, 2013, ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Approaches to Border Security.’’ BERMAN, ILAN, Vice President, American Foreign Policy Council. • CIPST, Mar. 20, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Threats from China, Russia and Iran: Pro- tecting American Critical Infrastructure.’’ • OME, Jul. 9, 2013, ‘‘Threat to the Homeland: Iran’s Extending Influence in the Western Hemisphere.’’ BERRICK, CATHLEEN, Managing Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • OME, Feb. 15, 2013, ‘‘Assessing DHS 10 years later: How Wisely is DHS Spending Taxpayer Dollars?’’ • OME, Apr. 26, 2013, ‘‘Cutting DHS Duplication and Wasteful Spending: Im- plementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’

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BERSIN, ALAN D., Assistant Secretary of International Affairs and Chief Diplomatic Officer, Office of International Affairs, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • FULL, Apr. 2, 2014, ‘‘Taking Down the Cartels: Examining United States— Mexico Cooperation.’’ • BMS, Apr. 4, 2014, ‘‘Passport Fraud: An International Vulnerability.’’ BERTEAU, DAVID J., Senior Vice President and Director, Inter- national Security Program, Center for Strategic and Inter- national Studies. • OME, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ BHIMANI, ANISH B., Chairman, Financial Services Information Sharing and Analysis Center. • FULL, Mar. 13, 2013, ‘‘DHS Cybersecurity: Roles and Responsibilities to Protect the Nation’s Critical Infrastructure.’’ BIDDLE, STEPHEN, Adjunct Senior Fellow for Defense Policy, Coun- cil on Foreign Relations. • FULL, Sep. 10, 2013, ‘‘Crisis in Syria: Implications for Homeland Security.’’ BLANCHARD, LAUREN PLOCH, Specialist in African Affairs, Congres- sional Research Service, The Library of Congress. • FULL, Oct. 9, 2013, ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners Join- ing Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ BLANK, JONAH, PhD., Senior Political Analyst, The RAND Corpora- tion. • CTI, Jun. 12, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Protecting the Homeland Against Mumbai–Style Attacks and the Threat from Lashkar–e– Taiba.’’ BOLES, J. DOUGLAS, President, Indianapolis Motor Speedway. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordinated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in Newark, New Jersey and Other Large Scale Events.’’ BORER, DAVID A., General Counsel, American Federation of Gov- ernment Employees. • TS, Apr. 11, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security: Stake- holder Perspectives.’’ BORKOWSKI, MARK, Assistant Commissioner, Office of Technology Innovation and Acquisition, U.S. Customs and Border Protec- tion, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, Mar. 20, 2013, ‘‘Measuring Outcomes to Understand the State of Bor- der Security.’’ • BMS, Mar. 12, 2014, ‘‘The Arizona Border Surveillance Technology Plan and its Impact on Border Security.’’ BORRAS, RAFAEL, Under Secretary for Management, U.S. Depart- ment of Homeland Security. • OME, Apr. 12, 2013, ‘‘The Impact of Sequestration on Homeland Security: Scare Tactics or Possible Threat?’’ • OME, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ BOTTUM, JIM, Chief Information Officer and Vice Provost, Com- puting and Information Technology, Clemson University. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ BOWEN, MARK, Sheriff, Hamilton County, Indiana. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ BRANIFF, BILL, Executive Director, National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, University of Maryland. • OME, Jun. 14, 2013, ‘‘Why Can’t DHS Better Communicate with the Amer- ican People?’’

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BRAY, SHAWN A., Director, INTERPOL Washington, U.S. National Central Bureau, U.S. Department of Justice. • BMS, Apr. 4, 2014, ‘‘Passport Fraud: An International Vulnerability.’’ BRIGGS, CHERYL, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Mission at Serenity Ranch. • FULL, Mar. 20, 2014, (Houston, Texas) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ BRINSFIELD, KATHRYN, MD, MPH, FACEP, Acting Assistant Sec- retary, Office of Health Affairs, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘BioWatch: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward.’’ • FULL, Oct. 10, 2014, (Dallas, Texas) ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Impor- tance of Effective International, Federal, State and Local Coordination.’’ BROOKES, PETER, Dr., Senior Fellow, National Security Affairs, Davis Institute for National Security and Foreign Policy, The Heritage Foundation. • CTI, Jul. 24, 2014, ‘‘Jihadist Safe Havens: Efforts to Detect and Deter Ter- rorist Travel.’’ BROTHERS, REGINALD, Dr., Under Secretary, Science and Tech- nology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘BioWatch: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward.’’ • CIPST and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology Subcommittee on Research and Technology, Sep. 9, 2014, ‘‘Strategy and Mission of the DHS Science and Technology Directorate.’’ BROWNE, CHRISTOPHER U., Airport Manager, Washington Dulles International Airport, testifying on behalf of the American As- sociation of Airport Executives. • TS, Apr. 11, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security: Stake- holder Perspectives.’’ — C —

CAINE, VIRGINIA, Dr., Director, Public Health Administration, Mar- ion County Public Health Department, State of Indiana. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ CALDWELL, STEPHEN L., Director, Homeland Security and Justice, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • CIPST, Aug. 1, 2013, ‘‘West Fertilizer, Off the Grid: The Problem of Uniden- tified Chemical Facilities.’’ • BMS, Nov. 19, 2013, ‘‘What Does a Secure Maritime Border Look Like?’’ • CIPST, Feb. 27, 2014, H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. CALLAHAN, MARY ELLEN, Partner, Jenner & Block and Former Chief Privacy Officer, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • CIPST, Apr. 25, 2013, ‘‘Striking the Right Balance: Protecting Our Nation’s Critical Infrastructure from Cyber Attack and Ensuring Privacy and Civil Liberties.’’ CAPELLO, FRANK, Director of Security, Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood International Airport. • TS, May 29, 2014, ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Airport and Law En- forcement Perspectives.’’ CARDENAS, JORGE L., Vice President, Asset Management and Cen- tralized Services, Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc. • EPRC. Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part1 #Privatesector.’’ CETNAR, EDWARD, Lt. Col., Deputy Superintendent, Operations, New Jersey State Police.

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• EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordinated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in Newark, New Jersey and Other Large Scale Events.’’ CHAO, HENRY, Deputy Chief Information Officer, Deputy Director of the Office of Information Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. • CIPST and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform’s Sub- committee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Concerns with ObamaCare’s Infor- mation Sharing Apparatus.’’ CHUNG, LUKE, President, FMS, Inc. • FULL, Nov. 13, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Side–Effects: How Secure is the Personal Infor- mation Entered into the Flawed Healthcare.gov?’’ CILLUFFO, FRANK J., Director, Homeland Security Policy Institute and Co–Director, Cyber Center for National and Economic Se- curity, The George Washington University. • CIPST, Mar. 20, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Threats from China, Russia and Iran: Pro- tecting American Critical Infrastructure.’’ • CTI, Sep. 18, 2013, ‘‘Understanding the Threat to the Homeland from AQAP.’’ • OME, Jun. 20, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for the Quad- rennial Homeland Security Review.’’ COHEN, JOHN, Deputy Counterterrorism Coordinator and Senior Advisor to the Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- rity. • FULL, Jul. 11, 2013, ‘‘Assessing Attacks on the Homeland: From Fort Hood to Boston.’’ COLE, LEONARD, Dr., Director, Terror Medicine and Security, De- partment of Emergency Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School. • CTI, Apr. 25, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Counterter- rorism Efforts to Combat a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Attack on the Homeland.’’ • EPRC, Feb. 11, 2014, ‘‘Bioterrorism: Assessing the Threat.’’ COMEY, JAMES B., Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice. • FULL, Sep. 17, 2014, ‘‘Worldwide Threats to the Homeland.’’ COMMODORE, SHENE´, Government Contracts and Business Man- ager, Intertek, testifying on behalf of the Security Industry As- sociation. • TS, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on TSA Acquisition Reform.’’ CONNELL, CHRIS, President, Commodity Forwarders, Inc., testifying on behalf of the Airforwarders Association. • TS, Jun. 24, 2014, ‘‘Utilizing Canine Teams to Detect Explosives and Miti- gate Threats.’’ COOK, STEVEN A., Dr., Senior Fellow, Middle Eastern Studies, Council on Foreign Relations. • CTI, Feb. 11, 2014, ‘‘Al Qaeda’s Expansion in Egypt: Implications for U.S. Homeland Security.’’ CORNYN, JOHN, Senator, State of Texas. • BMS, Jun. 23, 2013, ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Approaches to Border Security.’’ CORREA, SORAYA, Associate Director, Enterprise Services Direc- torate, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security. • FULL, Nov. 13, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Side–Effects: How Secure is the Personal Infor- mation Entered into the Flawed Healthcare.gov?’’ COX, J. DAVID, SR., National President, American Federation of Government Employees.

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• TS, Mar. 28, 2014, (Los Angeles, CA) ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Pre- paring for and Responding to Emergencies at Airports.’’ • TS, Jul. 29, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Examining TSA’s Management of the Screening Partnership Program.’’ CUMMISKEY, CHRIS, Acting Under Secretary, Management Direc- torate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘BioWatch: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward.’’ • OME, Sep. 19, 2014, ‘‘Oversight of the DHS Headquarters Project at St. Eliz- abeths: Impact on the Taxpayer.’’ CURRIE, CHRIS, Acting Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘BioWatch: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward.’’ — D —

DADDARIO, RICHARD, Deputy Commissioner for Counterterrorism, New York City Police Department. • CTI, Apr. 25, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Counterter- rorism Efforts to Combat a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Attack on the Homeland.’’ DALY, KAY, Assistant Inspector General, Audit Services, U.S. De- partment of HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES. • CIPST, Sep. 11, 2013, ‘‘The Threat to Americans’ Personal Information: A Look into the Security and Reliability of the Health Exchange Data Hub.’’ DAVIS, EDWARD F., III, Commissioner, Boston Police Department. • FULL, May 9, 2013, ‘‘The Boston Bombings: A First Look.’’ Former Commissioner, Boston Police Department and Fellow, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. • FULL, Apr. 9, 2014, ‘‘The Boston Marathon Bombings, One Year On: A Look Back to Look Forward.’’ DEFRANCIS, SUZANNE C., Chief Public Affairs Officer, American Red Cross. • EPRC, Jul. 9, 2013, ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part2 #Govt/NGOs.’’ DELORENZI, DANIEL, Director, Security and Safety Services, MetLife Stadium. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordinated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in Newark, New Jersey and Other Large Scale Events.’’ DEMAREST, JOSEPH, Assistant Director, Cyber Division, Federal Bu- reau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice. • CTI & CIPST, May 21, 2014, ‘‘Assessing Persistent and Emerging Cyber Threats to the U.S. Homeland.’’ DERIG, PAUL, Environmental Health and Safety Manger III, J.R. Simplot Company, testifying on behalf of the Agricultural Re- tailers Association. • CIPST, Aug. 1, 2013, ‘‘West Fertilizer, Off the Grid: The Problem of Uniden- tified Chemical Facilities.’’ DEVEAU, EDWARD P., Chief of Police, Watertown Police Depart- ment. • FULL, Apr. 9, 2014, ‘‘The Boston Marathon Bombings, One Year On: A Look Back to Look Forward.’’ DICKEN, JOHN, Director, Health Care, U.S. Government Account- ability Office. • CIPST and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform’s Sub- committee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Concerns with ObamaCare’s Infor- mation Sharing Apparatus.’’

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DINKINS, JAMES A., Executive Associate Director, Homeland Secu- rity Investigations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforce- ment, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, May 21, 2013, ‘‘Visa Security and Overstays: How Secure is America?’’ • FULL, Apr. 2, 2014, ‘‘Preventing Waste, Fraud, Abuse and Mismanagement in Homeland Security—A GAO High–Risk List Review.’’ DIPPEL, DONNIE, President, Texas Ag Industries Association. • CIPST, Aug. 1, 2013, ‘‘West Fertilizer, Off the Grid: The Problem of Uniden- tified Chemical Facilities.’’ DISRAELLY, DEENA S., Research Staff, Strategy, Forces and Re- sources Division, Institute for Defense Analyses. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘BioWatch: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward.’’ DODARO, GENE L., Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • FULL, Apr. May 7, 2014, ‘‘Preventing Waste, Fraud, Abuse and Mismanage- ment in Homeland Security—A GAO High–Risk List Review.’’ DONG, NORMAN, Commissioner, Public Buildings Service, U.S. Gen- eral Services Administration. • OME, Sep. 19, 2014, ‘‘Oversight of the DHS Headquarters Project at St. Eliz- abeths: Impact on the Taxpayer.’’ DUKE, ELAINE C., Former Under Secretary for Management, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Jun. 20, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for the Quad- rennial Homeland Security Review.’’ DUNCAN, ALAN R., Assistant Inspector General for Security and In- formation Technology Services, Inspector General for Tax Ad- ministration, Department of the Treasury. • CIPST and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform’s Sub- committee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Concerns with ObamaCare’s Infor- mation Sharing Apparatus.’’ DUNLAP, KEN, Global Director, Security & Travel Facilitation, International Air Transport Association. • TS, Apr. 11, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security: Stake- holder Perspectives.’’ DURKOVICH, CAITLIN, Assistant Secretary, Infrastructure Protec- tion, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Oct. 30, 2013, ‘‘Facility Protection: Implications of the Navy Yard Shooting on Homeland Security.’’ Testifying on behalf of the Interagency Se- curity Committee. • CIPST, Feb. 27, 2014, H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. — E —

EDWARDS, CHARLES K., Deputy Inspector General, Office of the In- spector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘DHS Information Technology: How Effectively Has DHS Harnessed IT to Secure Our Borders and Uphold Immigration Laws?’’ • TS, May 8, 2013, ‘‘TSA Procurement Reform: Saving Taxpayer Dollars Through Smarter Spending Practices.’’ • CIPST, May 16, 2013, ‘‘Facilitating Cyber Threat Information Sharing and Partnering with the Private Sector to Protect Critical Infrastructure: An As- sessment of DHS Capabilities.’’ • TS, Nov. 14, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s SPOT Program and Initial Lessons From the LAX Shooting.’’ EIDR, KRIS, Director, Homeland Security and Emergency Manage- ment, State of Minnesota, testifying on behalf of the Governors Homeland Security Advisory Council and the National Emer- gency Management Association.

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• EPRC, Apr. 29, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Assessments of the Administration’s Na- tional Preparedness Grant Program Proposal.’’ ELMENSHAWY, MOHAMED, Resident Scholar, The Middle East Insti- tute. • CTI, Feb. 11, 2014, ‘‘Al Qaeda’s Expansion in Egypt: Implications for U.S. Homeland Security.’’ ENGLISH, CHARLEY, Director, Georgia Emergency Management Agency, testifying on behalf of the National Emergency Man- agement Association. • EPRC & CIPST, Oct. 30, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’ ERVIN, CLARK KENT, Partner, Patton Boggs, LLP. • FULL, Feb. 13, 2013, ‘‘A New Perspective on Threats to the Homeland.’’ ESCOBAR, VERONICA, County Judge, El Paso, Texas. • BMS, Mar. 20, 2013, ‘‘Measuring Outcomes to Understand the State of Bor- der Security.’’ — F —

FAIR, C. CHRISTINE, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Georgetown Uni- versity, Security Studies Program in the Edumnd A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. • CTI, Jun. 12, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Protecting the Homeland Against Mumbai–Style Attacks and the Threat from Lashkar–e– Taiba.’’ FALCONER, DOLAN P., JR., Co-Founder, Chairman, and General Manger, Scan Tech Holdings. • TS, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on TSA Acquisition Reform.’’ FARAH, DOUGLAS, President, IBI Consultants. • OME, Jul. 9, 2013, ‘‘Threat to the Homeland: Iran’s Extending Influence in the Western Hemisphere.’’ FARRELL, BRENDA S., Director, Defense Capabilities and Manage- ment, Military and DOD Civilian Personnel Issues, U.S. Gov- ernment Accountability Office. • CTI, Nov. 13, 2013, ‘‘The Insider Threat to Homeland Security: Examining Our Nation’s Security Clearance Processes.’’ FEELEY, JOHN D.,Principal Deputy, Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs, U.S. Department of State. • FULL, Apr. 2, 2014, ‘‘Taking Down the Cartels: Examining United States— Mexico Cooperation.’’ FENDLEY, ANNA, Legislative Representative, United Steelworkers. • CIPST, Feb. 27, 2014, H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. FENTON, ROBERT J., JR., Acting Deputy Associate Administrator, Office of Response and Recovery, Federal Emergency Manage- ment Agency, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ FISHER, ERIC A., PhD, Senior Specialist, Science and Technology, Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress. • CIPST, Jul. 18, 2013, ‘‘Oversight of Executive Order 13636 and Development of the Cybersecurity Framework.’’ FISHER, MICHAEL J., Chief, Border Patrol, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, Feb. 26, 2013, ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ • BMS, Mar. 20, 2013, ‘‘Measuring Outcomes to Understand the State of Bor- der Security.’’ FRANKEL, MICHAEL J., Dr., Senior Scientist, Penn State University, Applied Research Laboratory.

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• CIPST, May 8, 2014, ‘‘Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP): Threat to Critical Infra- structure.’’ FRANKS, TRENT, a Representative in Congress from the Eighth Dis- trict of Arizona. • CIPST, May 8, 2014, ‘‘Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP): Threat to Critical Infra- structure.’’ FREEMAN, GEOFF, Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President, U.S. Travel Association. • TS, Apr. 11, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security: Stake- holder Perspectives.’’ FUGATE, W. CRAIG, Administrator, Federal Emergency Manage- ment Agency, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • FULL, Jun. 24, 2014, ‘‘Dangerous Passage: The Growing Problem of Unac- companied Children Crossing the Border.’’ • EPRC, Mar. 25, 2014, ‘‘The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s FY2015 Budget Request: Ensuring Effective Preparedness, Response, and Communications.’’ FULGHUM, CHIP, Acting Chief Financial Officer, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Nov. 15, 2013, ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s Stewardship of Taxpayer Dollars.’’ FULOP, STEVEN M., Mayor, Jersey City, New Jersey. • EPRC, Apr. 29, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Assessments of the Administration’s Na- tional Preparedness Grant Program Proposal.’’ — G —

GAMBLER, REBECCA, Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • BMS, Feb. 26, 2013, ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ • BMS, May 21, 2013, ‘‘Visa Security and Overstays: How Secure is America?’’ • BMS, Sep. 26, 2013, ‘‘Fulfilling A Key 9/11 Commission Recommendation: Implementing Biometric Exit.’’ • BMS, Mar. 12, 2014, ‘‘The Arizona Border Surveillance Technology Plan and its Impact on Border Security.’’ GANNON, PATRICK M., Chief of Airport Police, Los Angeles World Airports. • TS, Mar. 28, 2014, (Los Angeles, CA) ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Pre- paring for and Responding to Emergencies at Airports.’’ GARCIA, ADRIAN, Sheriff, Sheriff’s Office, Harris County, Texas. • FULL, Mar. 20, 2014, (Houston, Texas) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ GARCIA, RAMON, Hidalgo County Judge, Hidalgo County, Texas. • FULL, Jul. 3, 2014, (McAllen, Texas) ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccompanied Minors.’’ GARRISON, TODD, Sheriff, Sheriff’s Office, Don˜ a Ana County, New Mexico. • OME, Jul. 10, 2014, ‘‘The Executive Proclamation Designating the Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks a National Monument: Implications for Border Se- curity.’’ GELBER, MICHAEL, Deputy Commissioner, Public Buildings Service, U.S. General Services Administration. • BMS, Jul. 16, 2014, ‘‘Port of Entry Infrastructure: How Does the Federal Government Prioritize Investments?’’ GERSTEIN, DANIEL, Deputy Under Secretary, Science and Tech- nology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • TS, Nov. 14, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s SPOT Program and Initial Lessons From the LAX Shooting.’’ GHILARDUCCI, MARK, Director, California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services, testifying on behalf of the National Gov-

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• FULL, Jul. 3, 2014,)McAllen, Texas) ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccompanied Minors.’’ — H —

HAHN, GORDON M., Ph.D., Analyst and Advisory Board member, Geostrategic Forecasting Corporation. • CTI, Apr. 3, 2014, ‘‘Assessing Terrorism in the Caucasus and the Threat to the Homeland.’’ HALINSKI, JOHN, Deputy Administrator, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Apr. 12, 2013, ‘‘The Impact of Sequestration on Homeland Security: Scare Tactics or Possible Threat?’’ • OME & TS, Jul. 31, 2013, ‘‘TSA Integrity Challenges: Examining Misconduct by Airport Security Personnel.’’ HALSTROM, JASON, Dr., Deputy Director, Institute of Computa- tional Ecology, Clemson University. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ HAMPFORD DONAHUE, KATE, President, Hampford Research, Inc., testifying on behalf of the Society of Chemical Manufacturers and Affiliates. • CIPST, Feb. 27, 2014, H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. HARMAN, JANE, Former Representative from the State of Cali- fornia. • FULL, Jan. 15, 2014, ‘‘A False Narrative Endangers the Homeland.’’ HARVEY, MELANIE, Director, Threat Assessment Division, Trans- portation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Home- land Security. • TS, Jun. 24, 2014, ‘‘Utilizing Canine Teams to Detect Explosives and Miti- gate Threats.’’ HAYES, GARY W., Chief Information Officer, Centerpoint Energy. • FULL, Mar. 13, 2013, ‘‘DHS Cybersecurity: Roles and Responsibilities to Protect the Nation’s Critical Infrastructure.’’ HENRY, SHAWN, President, CrowdStrike Services. • FULL, Feb. 13, 2013, ‘‘A New Perspective on Threats to the Homeland.’’ HEWITT, RONALD, (RADM USCG Ret.), Director, Office of Emer- gency Communications, U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- rity. • EPRC, Nov. 18, 2014, ‘‘Interoperable Communications: Assessing Progress Since 9/11.’’ HILL, JOHN, Executive Director, Indiana Department of Homeland Security. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ HODGES, MARCIA, Chief Inspector, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • CIPST, Feb. 27, 2014, H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. HOFFMAN, BRUCE, Professor and Director, Center for Peace and Se- curity Studies and Security, Georgetown University. • FULL, Jul. 10, 2013, ‘‘Assessing Attacks on the Homeland: From Fort Hood to Boston.’’ HOOLEY, JAMES, Chief, Boston Emergency Medical Services. • FULL, Jun. 18, 2014, ‘‘The Critical Role of First Responders: Sharing Les- sons Learned from Past Attacks.’’ HUMIRE, JOSEPH M., Executive Director, Center for a Secure Free Society.

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• OME, Jul. 9, 2013, ‘‘Threat to the Homeland: Iran’s Extending Influence in the Western Hemisphere.’’ — I —

INGLESBY, TOM, DR., CEO and Director, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center for Health Security. • EPRC, Feb. 11, 2014, ‘‘Bioterrorism: Assessing the Threat.’’ ISAAC, REENA, M.D., Assistant Professor, Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital. • FULL, Mar. 20, 2014, (Houston, Texas) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ — J —

JACKSON, BRIAN A., Director, RAND Safety and Justice Program, The RAND Corporation. • FULL, Jun. 18, 2014, ‘‘The Critical Role of First Responders: Sharing Les- sons Learned from Past Attacks.’’ JENKINS, CLAY LEWIS, Judge, Dallas County, Texas. • FULL, Oct. 10, 2014, (Dallas, Texas) ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Impor- tance of Effective International, Federal, State and Local Coordination.’’ JENSEN, ROBERT, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary, Office of Public Affairs, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Jun. 14, 2013, ‘‘Why Can’t DHS Better Communicate with the Amer- ican People?’’ JOHNSON, ANN, Assistant District Attorney, Office of the District Attorney, Harris County, Texas. • FULL, Mar. 20, 2014, (Houston, Texas) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ JOHNSON, HILLARY BATJER, Acting Deputy Coordinator, Homeland Security and Multilateral Affairs, Bureau of Counterterrorism, U.S. Department of State. • BMS, Sep. 10, 2014, ‘‘One Flight Away: An Examination of the Threat posed by ISIS Terrorists with Western Passports.’’ JOHNSON, JEH C., Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- rity. • FULL, Feb. 26, 2014, ‘‘The Secretary’s Vision for the Future—Challenges and Priorities.’’ • FULL, Mar. 13, 2014, ‘‘The President’s FY 2015 Budget Request for the De- partment of Homeland Security.’’ • FULL, Jun. 24, 2014, ‘‘Dangerous Passage: The Growing Problem of Unac- companied Children Crossing the Border.’’ • FULL, Sep. 17, 2014, ‘‘Worldwide Threats to the Homeland.’’ • FULL, Dec. 2, 2014, ‘‘Open Borders: The Impact of Presidential Amnesty on Border Security.’’ JONES, SETH G., Ph.D., Director, International Security and De- fense Policy Center, The Rand Corporation. • CTI, May 22, 2013, ‘‘Assessing the Threat to the Homeland from al Qaeda Operations in Iran and Syria.’’ • CTI, Jul. 24, 2014, ‘‘Jihadist Safe Havens: Efforts to Detect and Deter Ter- rorist Travel.’’ JOSCELYN, THOMAS, Senior Fellow, Foundation for the Defense of Democracies. • CTI, May 22, 2013, ‘‘Assessing the Threat to the Homeland from al Qaeda Operations in Iran and Syria.’’ • FULL, Sep. 10, 2013, ‘‘Crisis in Syria: Implications for Homeland Security.’’ • CTI, Feb. 11, 2014, ‘‘Al Qaeda’s Expansion in Egypt: Implications for U.S. Homeland Security.’’

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JUDD, BRANDON, President, National Border Patrol Council. • OME, Apr. 12, 2013, ‘‘The Impact of Sequestration on Homeland Security: Scare Tactics or Possible Threat?’’ • OME, Jul. 10, 2014, ‘‘The Executive Proclamation Designating the Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks a National Monument: Implications for Border Se- curity.’’ — K —

KADLEC, ROBERT P., Dr., Former Special Assistant to the President for Biodefense. • EPRC, Feb. 11, 2014, ‘‘Bioterrorism: Assessing the Threat.’’ KAGEN, FRED, Dr., Director, Critical Threats Project, American En- terprise Institute. • CTI, Jul. 24, 2014, ‘‘Jihadist Safe Havens: Efforts to Detect and Deter Ter- rorist Travel.’’ KATULIS, BRIAN, Senior Fellow, Center for American Progress. • CTI, Sep. 18, 2013, ‘‘Understanding the Threat to the Homeland from AQAP.’’ KEAN, THOMAS H., JR., Co–Chair, Homeland Security Project, Bi- partisan Policy Center and former Chair, National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. • FULL, Jul. 23, 2014, ‘‘The Rising Terrorist Threat and the Unfulfilled 9/11 Recommendation.’’ KEANE, JOHN M. ‘‘JACK’’, Gen. (Ret. U.S. Army), Chairman of the Board, Institute for the Study of War. • FULL, Jan. 15, 2014, ‘‘A False Narrative Endangers the Homeland.’’ KELLEY, COLLEEN M., National President, The National Treasury Employees Union. • FULL, Dec. 12, 2013, ‘‘Help Wanted at DHS: Implications of Leadership Va- cancies on the Mission and Morale.’’ KENNEDY, TJ, Acting General Manager, First Responder Network Authority. • EPRC, Nov. 18, 2014, ‘‘Interoperable Communications: Assessing Progress Since 9/11.’’ KESSLER, TAMARA, Acting Officer for Civil Rights and Civil Lib- erties, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Jun. 14, 2013, ‘‘Why Can’t DHS Better Communicate with the Amer- ican People?’’ KHAN, ASIF, Director, Financial Management and Assurance, U.S. Government. • OME, Nov. 15, 2013, ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s Stewardship of Taxpayer Dollars.’’Accountability Office. KIERCE, W. GREG, Sgt. Director, Office of Emergency, Management and Homeland Security, Jersey City, New Jersey. • EPRC, Jul. 9, 2013, ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part2 #Govt/NGOs.’’ KILLOUGH, CRAIG, Vice President, Organization Markets, Project Management Institute. • OME, Apr. 26, 2013, ‘‘Cutting DHS Duplication and Wasteful Spending: Im- plementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’ KNIGHT, H. CLIFTON, Chief Medical Officer, Community Health Network. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ KOLASKY, RICHARD, Director, Implementation Task Force, National Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

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• CIPST, Jul. 18, 2013, ‘‘Oversight of Executive Order 13636 and Development of the Cybersecurity Framework.’’ KOSTRO, STEPHANIE SANOK, Senior Fellow and Acting Director, Homeland Security and Counterterrorism Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies. • FULL, Oct. 9, 2013, ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners Join- ing Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ KOUMOUTSOS, LOUIS, Chief, Office of Security, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordinated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in Newark, New Jersey and Other Large Scale Events.’’ KRUSH, WAYLON, Chief Executive Officer, Lunarline, Inc. • FULL, Nov. 13, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Side–Effects: How Secure is the Personal Infor- mation Entered into the Flawed Healthcare.gov?’’ KUCHINS, ANDREW C., Ph.D., Director and Senior Fellow, Russia and Eurasia Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies. • CTI, Apr. 3, 2014, ‘‘Assessing Terrorism in the Caucasus and the Threat to the Homeland.’’ — L —

LACY, CLIFTON R., Dr., Director, University Center for Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Response, Rutgers University. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ LAKEY, DAVID L., Dr., Commissioner of Health, Department of State Health Services, State of Texas. • FULL, Oct. 10, 2014, (Dallas, Texas) ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Impor- tance of Effective International, Federal, State and Local Coordination.’’ LANDGUTH, MICHAEL J., President and Chief Executive Officer, Ra- leigh–Durham Airport Authority, Raleigh–Durham Inter- national Airport. • TS, May 29, 2014, ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Airport and Law En- forcement Perspectives.’’ LASLEY, JENNIFER A., Deputy Under Secretary for Analysis, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, U.S. Department of Homeland Se- curity. • BMS, Sep. 10, 2014, ‘‘One Flight Away: An Examination of the Threat posed by ISIS Terrorists with Western Passports.’’ LEE, WILLIAM D., Rear Admiral, Deputy, Operations Policy and Ca- pabilities, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Se- curity. • BMS, Feb. 26, 2013, ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ • BMS, Nov. 19, 2013, ‘‘What Does a Secure Maritime Border Look Like?’’ LEITER, MICHAEL E., Former Director, National Counterterrorism Center. • FULL, Feb. 13, 2013, ‘‘A New Perspective on Threats to the Homeland.’’ • FULL, Jul. 10, 2013, ‘‘Assessing Attacks on the Homeland: From Fort Hood to Boston.’’ LEMONS, GLENN, Senior Intelligence Officer, Cyber Intelligence Analysis Division, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security. • CTI & CIPST, May 21, 2014, ‘‘Assessing Persistent and Emerging Cyber Threats to the U.S. Homeland.’’ LEONARD, HERMAN ‘‘DUTCH’’ B., Professor of Public Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.

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• FULL, Apr. 9, 2014, ‘‘The Boston Marathon Bombings, One Year On: A Look Back to Look Forward.’’ LESSER, OSCAR, Mayor, City of El Paso, Texas. • BMS, Jul. 16, 2014, ‘‘Port of Entry Infrastructure: How Does the Federal Government Prioritize Investments?’’ LIBICKI, MARTIN C., Senior Management Scientist, The RAND Cor- poration. • CIPST, Mar. 20, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Threats from China, Russia and Iran: Pro- tecting American Critical Infrastructure.’’ LIEBERMAN, JOSEPH I., former Senator from the State of Con- necticut. • FULL, May 9, 2013, ‘‘The Boston Bombings: A First Look.’’ • FULL, Jan. 15, 2014, ‘‘A False Narrative Endangers the Homeland.’’ LINDSEY, GINA MARIE, Executive Director, Los Angeles World Air- ports. • TS, Mar. 28, 2014, (Los Angeles, CA) ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Pre- paring for and Responding to Emergencies at Airports.’’ LITCHFORD, THOMAS, Vice President, Retail Technology, National Retail Federation. • CIPST, Apr. 16, 2014, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) ‘‘Protecting Your Per- sonal Data: How Law Enforcement Works With the Private Sector to Pre- vent Cybercrime.’’ LIVINGSTON, ROBERT, JR., Adjutant General, State of South Caro- lina. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ LONTZ, ANNMARIE, Division Director, Office of Security Services and Assessments, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • TS, Jun. 24, 2014, ‘‘Utilizing Canine Teams to Detect Explosives and Miti- gate Threats.’’ LORD, STEPHEN M., Director, Forensic Audits and Investigative Services, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • TS, May 8, 2013, ‘‘TSA Procurement Reform: Saving Taxpayer Dollars Through Smarter Spending Practices.’’ • BMS, Jun. 18, 2013, ‘‘Threat, Risk and Vulnerability: The Future of the TWIC Program.’’ • OME & TS, Jul. 31, 2013, ‘‘TSA Integrity Challenges: Examining Misconduct by Airport Security Personnel.’’ • TS, Nov. 14, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s SPOT Program and Initial Lessons From the LAX Shooting.’’ LOUDEN, THOMAS, General Secretary, North and South Carolina Division, The Salvation Army. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ LOVEGROVE, BRETT, Chief Executive, City Security and Resilience Network (CSARN). • FULL, Oct. 9, 2013, ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners Join- ing Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ LUTE, JANE HOLL, Deputy Secretary, U.S. Department of Home- land Security. • FULL, Mar. 13, 2013, ‘‘DHS Cybersecurity: Roles and Responsibilities to Protect the Nation’s Critical Infrastructure.’’ LYON, SHONNIE, Acting Director, Office of Biometric Identity Man- agement, National Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, May 21, 2013, ‘‘Visa Security and Overstays: How Secure is America?’’

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MACCARTHY, MARK, Vice President, Public Policy, Software and In- formation Industry Association. • CIPST and the Committee on Education and the Workforce, Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education joint hearing Jun. 25, 2014, ‘‘How Data Mining Threatens Student Privacy.’’ MACK, DIANE, University Director, Emergency Management and Continuity, Indiana University. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ MACKIN, MICHELE, Director, Acquisition and Sourcing Manage- ment, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • OME, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ MANNING, TIMOTHY, Deputy Administrator, Protection and Na- tional Preparedness, Federal Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • EPRC, Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘Homeland Security Grants: Measuring Our Invest- ments.’’ • EPRC, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘Assessing the Nation’s State of Preparedness: A Fed- eral, State, and Local Perspective.’’ MARSHALL, GREGORY, Chief Security Officer, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Oct. 30, 2013, ‘‘Facility Protection: Implications of the Navy Yard Shooting on Homeland Security.’’ • CTI, Nov. 13, 2013, ‘‘The Insider Threat to Homeland Security: Examining Our Nation’s Security Clearance Processes.’’ MARTIN, CINDI, C.M., Airport Director, Glacier Park International Airport. • TS, Jul. 29, 2014, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Examining TSA’s Management of the Screening Partnership Program.’’ MAURER, DAVID C., Director, Homeland Security and Justice Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • EPRC, Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘Homeland Security Grants: Measuring Our Invest- ments.’’ • FULL, Dec. 12, 2013, ‘‘Help Wanted at DHS: Implications of Leadership Va- cancies on the Mission and Morale.’’ • CIPST and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology Subcommittee on Research and Technology, Sep. 9, 2014, ‘‘Strategy and Mission of the DHS Science and Technology Directorate.’’ • OME, Sep. 19, 2014, ‘‘Oversight of the DHS Headquarters Project at St. Eliz- abeths: Impact on the Taxpayer.’’ MAYORKAS, ALEJANDRO N., Deputy Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • FULL, May 7, 2014, ‘‘Preventing Waste, Fraud, Abuse and Mismanagement in Homeland Security—A GAO High–Risk List Review.’’ MCALEENAN, KEVIN K., Acting Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, Feb. 26, 2013, ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ • BMS, Mar. 20, 2013, ‘‘Measuring Outcomes to Understand the State of Bor- der Security.’’ • BMS, Apr. 8, 2014, ‘‘Authorizing U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.’’ MCALLISTER, SCOTT, Deputy Under Secretary, State and Local Pro- gram Officer, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, U.S. Depart- ment of Homeland Security. • CTI, Apr. 25, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Counterter- rorism Efforts to Combat a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Attack on the Homeland.’’

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MCCLAIN, MARSHALL, President, Los Angeles Airport Peace Officers Association. • TS, May 29, 2014, ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Airport and Law En- forcement Perspectives.’’ MCCLELLAND, CHARLES A., JR., Chief, Houston Police Department, Houston, Texas. • FULL, Mar. 20, 2014, (Houston, Texas) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ MCCRAW, STEVE C., Director, Texas Department of Public Safety. • FULL, Mar. 20, 2014, (Houston, Texas) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ • FULL, Jul. 3, 2014, (McAllen, Texas) ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccompanied Minors.’’ MCGUIRE, CHERI F., Vice President, Global Government Affairs & Cybersecurity Policy, Symantec. • CIPST, Apr. 25, 2013, ‘‘Striking the Right Balance: Protecting Our Nation’s Critical Infrastructure from Cyber Attack and Ensuring Privacy and Civil Liberties.’’ MCLEES, ANDREW, Special Agent in Charge, Federal Coordinating Officer, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordinated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in Newark, New Jersey and Other Large Scale Events.’’ MELLOR, RICHARD, Vice President, Loss Prevention, National Retail Federation. • FULL, Oct. 9, 2013, ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners Join- ing Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ MERLIN, TOBY Dr., Director, Division of Preparedness and Emerg- ing Infection, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infec- tious Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention. • FULL, Oct. 10, 2014, (Dallas, Texas) ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Impor- tance of Effective International, Federal, State and Local Coordination.’’ METCALF, WILLIAM R., EFO, CFI, FIFireE, Fire Chief, North Coun- ty Fire Protection District, Fallbrook, State of California, testifying on behalf of the International Association of Fire Chiefs. • EPRC, Apr. 29, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Assessments of the Administration’s Na- tional Preparedness Grant Program Proposal.’’ MICHELLI, THOMAS, Chief Information Officer, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Department of Homeland Se- curity. • OME, Feb. 6, 2014, ‘‘Examining Challenges and Wasted Taxpayer Dollars in Modernizing Border Security IT Systems.’’ MILHOLLAND, TERENCE V., Chief Technology Officer, Internal Rev- enue Service. • CIPST and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform’s Sub- committee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Concerns with ObamaCare’s Infor- mation Sharing Apparatus.’’ MILLER, CLYDE, Director for Corporate Security, BASF Corpora- tion, testifying on behalf of BASF and The American Chemistry Council • CIPST, Feb. 27, 2014, H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. MILLER, JOHN, Deputy Commissioner, Intelligence and Counterter- rorism, New York City Police Department, New York City, New York. • FULL, Jun. 18, 2014, ‘‘The Critical Role of First Responders: Sharing Les- sons Learned from Past Attacks.’’

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MILLER, MERTON W., Associate Director of Investigations, Federal Investigative Services, U.S. Office of Personnel Management. • CTI, Nov. 13, 2013, ‘‘The Insider Threat to Homeland Security: Examining Our Nation’s Security Clearance Processes.’’ MILLER, TROY, Acting Assistant Commissioner, Intelligence and In- vestigative Liaison, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, Sep. 10, 2014, ‘‘One Flight Away: An Examination of the Threat posed by ISIS Terrorists with Western Passports.’’ MISZTAL, BLAISE Acting Director of Foreign Policy, Bipartisan Pol- icy Center. • OME, Jul. 9, 2013, ‘‘Threat to the Homeland: Iran’s Extending Influence in the Western Hemisphere.’’ MOLITOR, PAUL, Assistant Vice President, National Electrical Man- ufacturers Association. • EPRC & CIPST, Oct. 30, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’ MOSKOWITZ, BRIAN M., Houston Special Agent in Charge, U.S. Im- migration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • FULL, Mar. 20, 2014, (Houston, Texas) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ MOULTON, SEAN, Director, Open Government Policy, Center for Ef- fective Government. • CIPST, Aug. 1, 2013, ‘‘West Fertilizer, Off the Grid: The Problem of Uniden- tified Chemical Facilities.’’ MULLEN, MICHAEL C., Executive Director, Express Association of America. • TS, Apr. 11, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security: Stake- holder Perspectives.’’ MURPHY, KEVIN, President, Airport Law Enforcement Agencies Network. • TS, May 29, 2014, ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Airport and Law En- forcement Perspectives.’’ MURRAY, THOMAS, Director, State and District Digital Learning Policy and Advocacy, Alliance for Excellent Education. • CIPST and the Committee on Education and the Workforce, Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education joint hearing Jun. 25, 2014, ‘‘How Data Mining Threatens Student Privacy.’’ — N —

NAPOLITANO, JANET, Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Se- curity. • FULL, Apr. 18, 2013, ‘‘The President’s FY 2014 Budget Request for the De- partment of Homeland Security.’’ NELSON, RICK ‘‘OZZIE’’, Vice President, Business Development, Cross Match Technologies. • OME, Feb. 15, 2013, ‘‘Assessing DHS 10 years later: How Wisely is DHS Spending Taxpayer Dollars?’’ — O —

OAKS, KEVIN W., Chief Patrol Agent, Rio Grande Valley Sector, Border Patrol, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security. • FULL, Jul. 3, 2014, (McAllen, Texas) ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccompanied Minors.’’

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OBEIME, MERCY, Dr., Director, Community and Global Health, Franciscan St. Francis Health, Indianapolis, Indiana. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ OLSEN, MATTHEW G., Director, National Counterterrorism Center. • FULL, Jul. 10 and 11, 2013, ‘‘Assessing Attacks on the Homeland: From Fort Hood to Boston.’’ • FULL, Sep. 17, 2014, ‘‘Worldwide Threats to the Homeland.’’ ORGERON, CRAIG, Chief Information Officer and Executive Director, Department of Information Technology Services, State of Mis- sissippi, testifying on behalf of the National Association of State Chief Information Officers. • EPRC & CIPST, Oct. 30, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’ ORUSA, STEVEN, FIRE CHIEF, FISHERS, INDIANA. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ OUTTEN–MILLS, DEBORAH, Acting Assistant Inspector General for Inspections, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME & TS, Jul. 31, 2013, ‘‘TSA Integrity Challenges: Examining Misconduct by Airport Security Personnel.’’ — P —

PAPP, ROBERT J., JR., ADM, Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, Feb. 4, 2014, ‘‘Future of the Homeland Security Missions of the Coast Guard.’’ PARENTE, STEPHEN T., Ph.D., Minnesota Insurance Industry Chair of Health Finance, Director, Medical Industry Leadership In- stitute and Professor, Department of Finance, Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota. • CIPST, Sep. 11, 2013, ‘‘The Threat to Americans’ Personal Information: A Look into the Security and Reliability of the Health Exchange Data Hub.’’ PARSONS, RANDY, Director of Security, Port of Long Beach, testifying on behalf of the American Association of Port Authorities. • EPRC, Apr. 29, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Assessments of the Administration’s Na- tional Preparedness Grant Program Proposal.’’ PATTERSON, L. ERIC, Director, Federal Protective Service, U.S. De- partment of Homeland Security. • OME, Oct. 30, 2013, ‘‘Facility Protection: Implications of the Navy Yard Shooting on Homeland Security.’’ PAYNE, JASON MATTHEW, Philanthropy Lead, Palantir Tech- nologies. • EPRC, Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part1 #Privatesector.’’ PAYNE, JEFFREY L., Dr., Acting Director, Coastal Management, Na- tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ PEARCE, STEVAN, Representative in Congress from the 2nd District, State of New Mexico. • OME, Jul. 10, 2014, ‘‘The Executive Proclamation Designating the Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks a National Monument: Implications for Border Se- curity.’’ PEARL, MARC, President and CEO, Homeland Security and Defense Business Council.

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• TS, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on TSA Acquisition Reform.’’ PEARSON, HARRIET, Partner, Hogan Lovells. • CIPST, Apr. 25, 2013, ‘‘Striking the Right Balance: Protecting Our Nation’s Critical Infrastructure from Cyber Attack and Ensuring Privacy and Civil Liberties.’’ PERRY, RICK, Governor, State of Texas. • FULL, Jul. 3, 2014, (McAllen, Texas) ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccompanied Minors.’’ PETERS, TED, Chairman and CEO, Bryn Mawr Trust. • CIPST, Apr. 16, 2014, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) ‘‘Protecting Your Per- sonal Data: How Law Enforcement Works With the Private Sector to Pre- vent Cybercrime.’’ PFEIFER, JOSEPH W., Chief, Counterterrorism and Emergency Pre- paredness, Fire Department of New York. • CTI, Jun. 12, 2013, ‘Protecting the Homeland Against Mumbai–Style At- tacks and the Threat from Lashkar–e–Taiba.’’ PIEHOTA, CHRISTOPHER M., Director, Terrorist Screening Center, Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice. • TS, Sep. 18, 2014, ‘‘Safeguarding Privacy and Civil Liberties While Keeping our Skies Safe.’’ PINKERTON, SHARON L., Senior Vice President, Legislative and Reg- ulatory Policy, Airlines for America. • TS, Apr. 11, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security: Stake- holder Perspectives.’’ PINKHAM, DOUG, President, Public Affairs Council. • OME, Jun. 14, 2013, ‘‘Why Can’t DHS Better Communicate with the Amer- ican People?’’ PISTOLE, JOHN S., Administrator, Transportation Security Adminis- tration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • TS, Mar. 14, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security.’’ • TS, Nov. 14, 2013, ‘‘TSA’s SPOT Program and Initial Lessons From the LAX Shooting.’’ • TS, Mar. 28, 2014, (Los Angeles, CA) ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: Pre- paring for and Responding to Emergencies at Airports.’’ POPP, JOYCE, Chief Information Officer, Department of Education, State of Idaho. • CIPST and the Committee on Education and the Workforce, Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education joint hearing Jun. 25, 2014, ‘‘How Data Mining Threatens Student Privacy.’’ POWNER, DAVID, Director, Information Technology Management Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • OME, Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘DHS Information Technology: How Effectively Has DHS Harnessed IT to Secure Our Borders and Uphold Immigration Laws?’’ • OME, Feb. 6, 2014, ‘‘Examining Challenges and Wasted Taxpayer Dollars in Modernizing Border Security IT Systems.’’ PRIEST, CHAD, Chief Executive Officer, MESH Coalition, Inc. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ PRIOLETTI, BRIAN, Assistant Director, Special Security Directorate, National Counterintelligence Executive, Office of Director of National Intelligence. • CTI, Nov. 13, 2013, ‘‘The Insider Threat to Homeland Security: Examining Our Nation’s Security Clearance Processes.’’ PROFETA, LOUIS, M.D., F.A.C.E.P., Medical Director of Disaster Preparedness, St. Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ PRY, PETER VINCENT, Congressional EMP Commission, Congres- sional Strategic Posture Commission, Executive Director of the Task Force on National and Homeland Security. • CIPST, May 8, 2014, ‘‘Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP): Threat to Critical Infra- structure.’’

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PUGLIESE, JEFFREY J., Sergeant, Watertown Police Department. • FULL, Apr. 9, 2014, ‘‘The Boston Marathon Bombings, One Year On: A Look Back to Look Forward.’’ — Q —

QUINN, RICHARD P., Assistant Special Agent in Charge, Philadel- phia Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. De- partment of Justice. • CIPST, Apr. 16, 2014, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) ‘‘Protecting Your Per- sonal Data: How Law Enforcement Works With the Private Sector to Pre- vent Cybercrime.’’ — R —

RAGSDALE, DANIEL H., Deputy Director, U.S. Immigration and Cus- toms Enforcement, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Apr. 12, 2013, ‘‘The Impact of Sequestration on Homeland Security: Scare Tactics or Possible Threat?’’ • BMS, Apr. 8, 2014, ‘‘Authorizing U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.’’ REED, R. LAWRENCE, II, M.D., F.A.C.S., F.C.C., Director of Trauma Services, Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ REESE, SHAWN, Analyst, Emergency Management and Homeland Security Policy, Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress. • OME, Feb. 15, 2013, ‘‘Assessing DHS 10 years later: How Wisely is DHS Spending Taxpayer Dollars?’’ REIDENBERG, JOEL R., Stanley D. and Nikki Waxberg Chair and Professor of Law, Founding Academic Director, Center on Law and Information Policy, Fordham University School of Law. • CIPST and the Committee on Education and the Workforce, Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education joint hearing Jun. 25, 2014, ‘‘How Data Mining Threatens Student Privacy.’’ RHOADES, MATTHEW, Director, Cyberspace and Security Program, Truman National Security Project and Center for National Pol- icy. • CIPST, Apr. 16, 2014, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) ‘‘Protecting Your Per- sonal Data: How Law Enforcement Works With the Private Sector to Pre- vent Cybercrime.’’ RICHARDS, ANNE L., Assistant Inspector General for Audits, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- rity. • EPRC, Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘Homeland Security Grants: Measuring Our Invest- ments.’’ • OME, Apr. 26, 2013, ‘‘Cutting DHS Duplication and Wasteful Spending: Im- plementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’ • OME, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ • OME, Nov. 15, 2013, ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s Stewardship of Taxpayer Dollars.’’ • TS, Jan. 28, 2014, ‘‘Examining TSA’s Cadre of Criminal Investigators.’’ RICHARDSON, MICHELLE, Legislative Counsel, American Civil Lib- erties Union. • FULL, Mar. 13, 2013, ‘‘DHS Cybersecurity: Roles and Responsibilities to Protect the Nation’s Critical Infrastructure.’’

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RIDGE, TOM J., Former Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • FULL, Dec. 12, 2013, ‘‘Help Wanted at DHS: Implications of Leadership Va- cancies on the Mission and Morale.’’ RIGGS, TROY, Director, Department of Public Safety, City of Indian- apolis, Indiana. • EPRC, Apr. 29, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Assessments of the Administration’s Na- tional Preparedness Grant Program Proposal.’’ ROBERTS, FRED S., Director, Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence, Command, Control and Interoperability Center, for Advanced Data Analysis, Rutgers University. • EPRC, Jun. 10, 2014, ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordinated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in Newark, New Jersey and Other Large Scale Events.’’ ROGGIO, WILLIAM F., Senior Fellow, Foundation for Defense of De- mocracies. • CTI, Apr. 3, 2014, ‘‘Assessing Terrorism in the Caucasus and the Threat to the Homeland.’’ ROMINE, CHARLES H., PhD, Director, Information Technology Lab- oratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce. • CIPST, Jul. 18, 2013, ‘‘Oversight of Executive Order 13636 and Development of the Cybersecurity Framework.’’ ROSENBLUM, MARC R., PHD, Specialist in Immigration Policy, Con- gressional Research Service, The Library of Congress. • BMS, Feb. 26, 2013, ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ Deputy Director, U.S. Immigration Policy Program, Migration Policy Institute. • OME, Jul. 10, 2014, ‘‘The Executive Proclamation Designating the Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks a National Monument: Implications for Border Se- curity.’’ ROTH, JOHN, Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Se- curity. • FULL, May 7, 2014, ‘‘Preventing Waste, Fraud, Abuse and Mismanagement in Homeland Security—A GAO High–Risk List Review.’’ — S —

SADLER, STEPHEN, Assistant Administrator, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, Jun. 18, 2013, ‘‘Threat, Risk and Vulnerability: The Future of the TWIC Program.’’ • TS, Sep. 18, 2014, ‘‘Safeguarding Privacy and Civil Liberties While Keeping our Skies Safe.’’ SALO, MATT, Executive Director, National Association of Medicaid Directors. • CIPST, Sep. 11, 2013, ‘‘The Threat to Americans’ Personal Information: A Look into the Security and Reliability of the Health Exchange Data Hub.’’ SANBORN, ROBERT ‘‘BOB’’, Dr. President, Children At Risk. • FULL, Mar. 20, 2014, (Houston, Texas) ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cities.’’ SCALES, ROBERT H., JR. (Major General, Ret. U.S. Army), former Commandant of the U.S. Army War College. • FULL, Sep. 10, 2013, ‘‘Crisis in Syria: Implications for Homeland Security.’’ SCHIED, EUGENE H., Assistant Commissioner, Office of Administra- tion, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

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• BMS, Jul. 16, 2014, ‘‘Port of Entry Infrastructure: How Does the Federal Government Prioritize Investments?’’ SCHUEUR, MICHAEL, Adjunct Professor, Center for Peace and Secu- rity Studies, Georgetown University. • FULL, Oct. 9, 2013, ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners Join- ing Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ SCHWARTZ, JAMES H., Fire Chief, Arlington County Fire Depart- ment, Arlington, Virginia, testifying on behalf of the Inter- national Association of Fire Chiefs. • EPRC, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘Assessing the Nation’s State of Preparedness: A Fed- eral, State, and Local Perspective.’’ • FULL, Jun. 18, 2014, ‘‘The Critical Role of First Responders: Sharing Les- sons Learned from Past Attacks.’’ SCHWARTZ, KURT N., Undersecretary, Executive Office of Public Safety and Security, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. • FULL, May 9, 2013, ‘‘The Boston Bombings: A First Look.’’ SCOTT, TIMOTHY J., Chief Security Officer, Corporate Director, Emergency Services and Security, The Dow Chemical Com- pany. • CIPST, Aug. 1, 2013, ‘‘West Fertilizer, Off the Grid: The Problem of Uniden- tified Chemical Facilities.’’ SEITZ, MARK J., Bishop, Catholic Diocese of El Paso, Texas, U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. • FULL, Jul. 3, 2014, (McAllen, Texas) ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccompanied Minors.’’ SENA, MIKE, Deputy Director, Northern California Regional Intel- ligence Center, testifying on behalf of the National Fusion Cen- ter Association. • EPRC & CIPST, Oct. 30, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’ SERVIDIO, JOSEPH A., Rear Admiral, Assistant Commandant for Prevention Policy, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, Jun. 18, 2013, ‘‘Threat, Risk and Vulnerability: The Future of the TWIC Program.’’ SHAYS, CHRISTOPHER, Former Representative in Congress from the 4th District of Connecticut. • FULL, Sep. 10, 2013, ‘‘Crisis in Syria: Implications for Homeland Security.’’ SIMCOX, ROBIN, Research Fellow, The Henry Jackson Society. • CTI, May 22, 2013, ‘‘Assessing the Threat to the Homeland from al Qaeda Operations in Iran and Syria.’’ • CTI, Jul. 24, 2014, ‘‘Jihadist Safe Havens: Efforts to Detect and Deter Ter- rorist Travel.’’ SKIPPER, JOHN, Sheriff, Anderson County, South Carolina. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ SOLOWAY, STAN, President and CEO, Professional Services Council. • OME, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Outcomes for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ SOUTHERS, ERROLL G., Professor and Associate Director of Re- search Transition, DHS National Center for Risk & Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE), Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California. • FULL, May 9, 2013, ‘‘The Boston Bombings: A First Look.’’ SPANGLLER, KATHY, Vice President, U.S. Programs, Save the Chil- dren. • EPRC, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘Assessing the Nation’s State of Preparedness: A Fed- eral, State, and Local Perspective.’’

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SPRAGUE, BRENDA S., Deputy Assistant Secretary for Passport Services, Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. • BMS, Apr. 4, 2014, ‘‘Passport Fraud: An International Vulnerability.’’ STANA, RICHARD M., Former Director, Homeland Security and Jus- tice, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • BMS, Jun. 23, 2013, ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Approaches to Border Security.’’ STANEK, RICHARD W., Sheriff, Hennepin County, Minnesota. • FULL, Oct. 9, 2013, ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners Join- ing Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ STEMPFLEY, ROBERTA ‘‘BOBBIE’’, Acting Assistant Secretary, Office of Cybersecurity and Communications, National Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • CIPST, May 16, 2013, ‘‘Facilitating Cyber Threat Information Sharing and Partnering with the Private Sector to Protect Critical Infrastructure: An As- sessment of DHS Capabilities.’’ • EPRC & CIPST, Oct. 30, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Between Cybersecurity and Emergency Management.’’ • FULL, Nov. 13, 2013, ‘‘Cyber Side–Effects: How Secure is the Personal Infor- mation Entered into the Flawed Healthcare.gov?’’ STENSON, KIM, Director, Emergency Management Division, State of South Carolina. • OME, Nov. 21, 2014, (Clemson, South Carolina) ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A 21st Century Hugo?’’ STEPKA, MATTHEW, Vice President, Technology for Social Impact, Google.org. • EPRC. Mar. 19, 2013, ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part1 #Privatesector.’’ STERN, PAUL G., PhD., Board Director, Business Executives for Na- tional Security. • OME, Apr. 26, 2013, ‘‘Cutting DHS Duplication and Wasteful Spending: Im- plementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’ STIER, MAX, President and CEO, Partnership for Public Service. • FULL, Dec. 12, 2013, ‘‘Help Wanted at DHS: Implications of Leadership Va- cancies on the Mission and Morale.’’ — T —

TANKEL, STEPHEN, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, American University and Nonresident Scholar, South Asia Program, Carnegie En- dowment for International Peace. • CTI, Jun. 12, 2013, the Subcommittee held a hearing entitled ‘‘Protecting the Homeland Against Mumbai–Style Attacks and the Threat from Lashkar–e– Taiba.’’ TAVENNER, MARILYN B., Administrator, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. • CIPST and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform’s Sub- committee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Concerns with ObamaCare’s Infor- mation Sharing Apparatus.’’ TRIMBLE, DAVID C., Director, Natural Resources and Environment, U.S. Government Accountability Office. • CIPST, Jul. 29, 2014, ‘‘Protecting the Homeland from Nuclear and Radio- logical Threats.’’

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TROISI CATHERINE L., Ph.D., Associate Professor, Division of Man- agement, Policy, and Community Health, Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas. • FULL, Oct. 10, 2014, (Dallas, Texas) ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Impor- tance of Effective International, Federal, State and Local Coordination.’’ — U, V —

VANLOH, MARK, A.A.E., Director, Aviation Department, Kansas City International Airport. • TS, Jul. 29, 2014, ‘‘Examining TSA’s Management of the Screening Partner- ship Program.’’ VELASQUEZ, ANDREW, III, Regional Administrator, FEMA Region 5, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • EPRC, Aug. 6, 2013, (Carmel, Indiana) ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Pre- paredness for a Mass Casualty Event.’’ VITIELLO, RONALD D., Deputy Chief, U.S. Customs and Border Pro- tection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • FULL, Jun. 24, 2014, ‘‘Dangerous Passage: The Growing Problem of Unac- companied Children Crossing the Border.’’ — W —

WAGNER, JOHN P., Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Oper- ations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, May 21, 2013, ‘‘Visa Security and Overstays: How Secure is America?’’ • BMS, Sep. 26, 2013, ‘‘Fulfilling A Key 9/11 Commission Recommendation: Implementing Biometric Exit.’’ • BMS, Apr. 4, 2014, ‘‘Passport Fraud: An International Vulnerability.’’ • BMS, Jul. 16, 2014, ‘‘Port of Entry Infrastructure: How Does the Federal Government Prioritize Investments?’’ • BMS, Sep. 10, 2014, ‘‘One Flight Away: An Examination of the Threat posed by ISIS Terrorists with Western Passports.’’ • FULL, Oct. 10, 2014, (Dallas, Texas) ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Impor- tance of Effective International, Federal, State and Local Coordination.’’ WALKER, DAVID M., Founder and CEO, The Comeback America Ini- tiative. • FULL, Feb. 13, 2013, ‘‘A New Perspective on Threats to the Homeland.’’ WALKER, JEFFREY W., Senior Emergency Manager, Licking County, Ohio, testifying on behalf of the International Association of Emergency Managers. • EPRC, Sep. 19, 2013, ‘‘Assessing the Nation’s State of Preparedness: A Fed- eral, State, and Local Perspective.’’ WATERS, KAREN SHELTON, Assistant Administrator, Office of Acqui- sition, Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Depart- ment of Homeland Security. • TS, May 8, 2013, ‘‘TSA Procurement Reform: Saving Taxpayer Dollars Through Smarter Spending Practices.’’ • TS, Jan. 28, 2014, ‘‘Examining TSA’s Cadre of Criminal Investigators.’’ WERFEL, DANNY, Principal Deputy Commissioner, Internal Rev- enue Service. • CIPST and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform’s Sub- committee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements, Jul. 17, 2013, ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Concerns with ObamaCare’s Infor- mation Sharing Apparatus.’’ WHELAN, JACK, District Attorney, Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

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• CIPST, Apr. 16, 2014, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) ‘‘Protecting Your Per- sonal Data: How Law Enforcement Works With the Private Sector to Pre- vent Cybercrime.’’ WILLIS, HENRY H., PhD., Director, RAND Homeland Security and Defense Center, The RAND Corporation. • OME, Apr. 26, 2013, ‘‘Cutting DHS Duplication and Wasteful Spending: Im- plementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’ • OME, Jun. 20, 2014, ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for the Quad- rennial Homeland Security Review.’’ WILSON, CHRISTOPHER, Associate, Mexico Institute, Woodrow Wil- son International Center for Scholars. • FULL, Apr. 2, 2014, ‘‘Taking Down the Cartels: Examining United States— Mexico Cooperation.’’ WINKOWSKI, THOMAS S., Deputy Commissioner, Performing the duties of the Commissioner, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • OME, Apr. 12, 2013, ‘‘The Impact of Sequestration on Homeland Security: Scare Tactics or Possible Threat?’’ WOODRING, MARCUS, Captain, (Ret. USCG), Managing Director, Health, Safety, Security and Environmental, Port of Houston Authority. • BMS, Jun. 18, 2013, ‘‘Threat, Risk and Vulnerability: The Future of the TWIC Program.’’ • BMS, Nov. 19, 2013, ‘‘What Does a Secure Maritime Border Look Like?’’ WOODS, JOHN, Assistant Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • BMS, Sep. 26, 2013, ‘‘Fulfilling A Key 9/11 Commission Recommendation: Implementing Biometric Exit.’’ WULF, DAVID, Deputy Director, Infrastructure Security Compliance Division, National Protection and Programs Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • CIPST, Aug. 1, 2013, ‘‘West Fertilizer, Off the Grid: The Problem of Uniden- tified Chemical Facilities.’’ • CIPST, Feb. 27, 2014, H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism Standards Program Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. — X, Y, Z —

ZELVIN, LARRY, Director, National Cybersecurity and Communica- tions Integration Center, National Protection and Programs Di- rectorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. • CIPST, May 16, 2013, ‘‘Facilitating Cyber Threat Information Sharing and Partnering with the Private Sector to Protect Critical Infrastructure: An As- sessment of DHS Capabilities.’’ • CTI & CIPST, May 21, 2014, ‘‘Assessing Persistent and Emerging Cyber Threats to the U.S. Homeland.’’ ZIMMERMAN, KATHERINE, Senior Analyst, Critical Threats Project, The American Enterprise Institute. • CTI, Sep. 18, 2013, ‘‘Understanding the Threat to the Homeland from AQAP.’’

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Number Title Date

113–1 ‘‘A New Perspective on Threats to the Homeland.’’ February 13, 2013 FULL 113–2 ‘‘Assessing DHS 10 Years Later: How Wisely is February 15, 2013 DHS Spending Taxpayer Dollars?’’ OME 113–3 ‘‘What Does a Secure Border Look Like?’’ February 26, 2013 BMS 113–4 ‘‘DHS Cybersecurity: Roles and Responsibilities to March 13, 2013 Protect the Nation’s Critical Infrastructure.’’ FULL 113–5 ‘‘TSA’s Efforts to Advance Risk–Based Security.’’ March 14, 2013 TS 113–6 ‘‘Homeland Security Grants: Measuring Our In- March 19, 2013 vestments.’’ EPRC 113–7 ‘‘DHS Information Technology: How Effectively March 19, 2013 Has DHS Harnessed IT To Secure Our Borders and Uphold Immigration Laws?’’ OME 113–8 ‘‘Measuring Outcomes to Understand the State of March 20, 2013 Border Security.’’ BMS 113–9 ‘‘Cyber Threats from China, Russia and Iran: Pro- March 20, 2013 tecting American Critical Infrastructure.’’ CIPST 113–10 ‘‘The Impact of Sequestration on Homeland Secu- April 12, 2013 rity: Scare Tactics or Possible Threat?’’ OME 113–11 ‘‘The President’s FY 2014 Budget Request for the April 18, 2013 Department of Homeland Security.’’ FULL 113–12 ‘‘Counterterrorism Efforts to Combat a Chemical, April 25, 2013 Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Attack on the Homeland.’’ CTI

1 FULL — Full Committee; CTI — Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence; BMS — Border and Maritime Security; CIPST — Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Pro- tection and Security Technologies; OME — Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Effi- ciency; TS — Subcommittee on Transportation Security; EPRC — Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications (333)

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Number Title Date 113–13 ‘‘Striking the Right Balance: Protecting Our Na- April 25, 2013 tion’s Critical Infrastructure from Cyber Attack and Ensuring Privacy and Civil Liberties.’’ CIPST 113–14 ‘‘Cutting DHS Duplication and Wasteful Spending: April 26, 2013 Implementing Private Sector Best Practices and Watchdog Recommendations.’’ OME 113–15 ‘‘TSA Procurement Reform: Saving Taxpayer Dol- May 8, 2013 lars Through Smarter Spending Practices.’’ TS 113–16 ‘‘The Boston Bombings: A First Look.’’ May 9, 2013 FULL 113–17 ‘‘Facilitating Cyber Threat Information Sharing May 16, 2013 and Partnering with the Private Sector to Pro- tect Critical Infrastructure: An Assessment of DHS Capabilities.’’ CIPST 113–18 ‘‘Visa Security and Overstays: How Secure is May 21, 2013 America?’’ BMS 113–19 ‘‘Assessing the Threat to the Homeland from al May 22, 2013 Qaeda Operations in Iran and Syria.’’ CTI 113–20 ‘‘Emergency MGMT 2.0: ‘‘How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming June 4, 2013 Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part1 #Privatesector.’’ ‘‘How #SocialMedia & New Tech are Transforming July 9, 2013 Preparedness, Response, & Recovery #Disasters #Part2 #Govt/NGOs.’’ EPRC 113–21 ‘‘Protecting the Homeland Against Mumbai–Style June 12, 2013 Attacks and the Threat from Lashkar–e–Taiba.’’ CTI 113–22 ‘‘Why Can’t DHS Better Communicate with the June 14, 2013 American People?’’ OME 113–23 ‘‘Threat, Risk and Vulnerability: The Future of the June 18, 2013 TWIC Program.’’ BMS 113–24 ‘‘Threat to the Homeland: Iran’s Extending Influ- July 9, 2013 ence in the Western Hemisphere.’’ OME 113–25 ‘‘Evaluating Privacy, Security, and Fraud Con- July 17, 2013 cerns with ObamaCare’s Information Sharing Apparatus.’’ CIPST Joint with the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Subcommittee on En- ergy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements 113–26 ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on TSA Acquisition Re- July 17, 2013 form.’’ TS

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Number Title Date 113–27 ‘‘Oversight of Executive Order 13636 and Develop- July 18, 2013 ment of the Cybersecurity Framework.’’ CIPST 113–28 ‘‘A Study in Contrasts: House and Senate Ap- July 23, 2013 proaches to Border Security.’’ BMS 113–29 ‘‘TSA Integrity Challenges: Examining Misconduct July 31, 2013 by Airport Security Personnel.’’ OME & TS 113–30 ‘‘West Fertilizer, Off the Grid: The Problem of Un- August 1, 2013 identified Chemical Facilities.’’ CIPST 113–31 ‘‘Assessing Central Indiana’s Preparedness for a August 6, 2013 Mass Casualty Event’’ Carmel, Indiana EPRC 113–32 ‘‘Crisis in Syria: Implications for Homeland Secu- September 10, 2013 rity.’’ FULL 113–33 ‘‘The Threat to Americans’ Personal Information: September 11, 2013 A Look into the Security and Reliability of the Health Exchange Data Hub.’’ CIPST 113–34 ‘‘Understanding the Threat to the Homeland from September 18, 2013 AQAP.’’ CTI 113–35 ‘‘Assessing the Nation’s State of Preparedness: A September 19, 2013 Federal, State, and Local Perspective.’’ EPRC 113–36 ‘‘DHS Acquisition Practices: Improving Outcomes September 19, 2013 for Taxpayers Using Defense and Private Sector Lessons Learned.’’ OME 113–37 ‘‘Fulfilling A Key 9/11 Commission Recommenda- September 26, 2013 tion: Implementing Biometric Exit.’’ BMS 113–38 ‘‘From al–Shabaab to al–Nusra: How Westerners October 9, 2013 Joining Terror Groups Overseas Affect the Homeland.’’ FULL 113–39 ‘‘Cyber Incident Response: Bridging the Gap Be- October 30, 2013 tween Cybersecurity and Emergency Manage- ment.’’ EPRC & CIPST 113–40 ‘‘Facility Protection: Implications of the Navy Yard October 30, 2013 Shooting on Homeland Security.’’ OME 113–41 ‘‘Cyber Side–Effects: How Secure is the Personal November 13, 2013 Information Entered into the Flawed Healthcare.gov?’’ FULL 113–42 ‘‘The Insider Threat to Homeland Security: Exam- November 13, 2013 ining Our Nation’s Security Clearance Proc- esses.’’ CTI

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Number Title Date 113–43 ‘‘TSA’s SPOT Program and Initial Lessons From November 14, 2013 the LAX Shooting.’’ TS 113–44 ‘‘DHS Financial Management: Investigating DHS’s November 15, 2013 Stewardship of Taxpayer Dollars.’’ OME 113–45 ‘‘What Does a Secure Maritime Border Look November 19, 2013 Like?’’ BMS 113–46 ‘‘Help Wanted at DHS: Implications of Leadership December 12, 2013 Vacancies on the Mission and Morale.’’ FULL 113–47 ‘‘A False Narrative Endangers the Homeland.’’ January 15, 2014 FULL 113–48 ‘‘Examining TSA’s Cadre of Criminal Investiga- January 28, 2014 tors.’’ TS 113–49 ‘‘Future of the Homeland Security Missions of the February 4, 2014 Coast Guard.’’ BMS 113–50 ‘‘Examining Challenges and Wasted Taxpayer Dol- February 6, 2014 lars in Modernizing Border Security IT Sys- tems.’’ OME 113–51 ‘‘Bioterrorism: Assessing the Threat.’’ February 11, 2014 EPRC 113–52 ‘‘Al Qaeda’s Expansion in Egypt: Implications for February 11, 2014 U.S. Homeland Security.’’ CTI 113–53 ‘‘The Secretary’s Vision for the Future – Chal- February 26, 2014 lenges and Priorities.’’ FULL 113–54 H.R. 4007, the Chemical Facility Anti–Terrorism February 27, 2014 Standards Authorization and Accountability Act of 2014. CIPST 113–55 ‘‘The Arizona Border Surveillance Technology Plan March 12, 2014 and its Impact on Border Security.’’ BMS 113–56 ‘‘The President’s FY 2015 Budget Request for the March 13, 2015 Department of Homeland Security.’’ FULL 113–57 ‘‘Combating Human Trafficking in Our Major Cit- March 20, 2014 ies.’’ Houston, Texas FULL 113–58 ‘‘The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s March 25, 2014 FY2015 Budget Request: Ensuring Effective Preparedness, Response, and Communications.’’ EPRC

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Number Title Date 113–59 ‘‘Lessons from the LAX Shooting: March 28, 2014 ‘‘Preparing for and Responding to Emergencies at Los Angeles, Cali- Airports.’’ fornia ‘‘Airport and Law Enforcement Perspectives.’’ May 29, 2014 TS 113–60 ‘‘Taking Down the Cartels: Examining United April 2, 2014 States–Mexico Cooperation.’’ FULL 113–61 ‘‘Assessing Terrorism in the Caucasus and the April 3, 2014 Threat to the Homeland.’’ CTI 113–62 ‘‘Passport Fraud: An International Vulnerability.’’ April 4, 2014 BMS 113–63 ‘‘Authorizing U.S. Customs and Border Protection April 8, 2014 and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforce- ment.’’ BMS 113–64 ‘‘The Boston Marathon Bombings, One Year On: A April 9, 2014 Look Back to Look Forward.’’ FULL 113–65 ‘‘Protecting Your Personal Data: How Law En- April 16, 2014 forcement Works With the Private Sector to Prevent Cybercrime.’’ CIPST 113–66 ‘‘Stakeholder Assessments of the Administration’s April 29, 2014 National Preparedness Grant Program Pro- posal.’’ EPRC 113–67 ‘‘Preventing Waste, Fraud, Abuse and Mismanage- May 7, 2014 ment in Homeland Security–A GAO High–Risk List Review.’’ FULL 113–68 ‘‘Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP): Threat to Critical May 8, 2014 Infrastructure.’’ CIPST 113–69 ‘‘Assessing Persistent and Emerging Cyber May 21, 2014 Threats to the U.S. Homeland.’’ CTI & CIPST 113–70 ‘‘BioWatch: Lessons Learned and the Path For- June 10, 2015 ward.’’ EPRC 113–71 ‘‘The Critical Role of First Responders: Sharing June 18, 2014 Lessons Learned from Past Attacks.’’ FULL 113–73 ‘‘Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for the June 20, 2014 Quadrennial Homeland Security Review.’’ OME 113–73 ‘‘Mass Gathering Security: A Look at the Coordi- June 23, 2014 nated Approach to Super Bowl XLVIII in New- Newark, New Jersey ark, New Jersey and Other Large Scale Events.’’ EPRC

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Number Title Date 113–74 ‘‘Dangerous Passage: The Growing Problem of Un- June 24, 2014 accompanied Children Crossing the Border.’’ ‘‘Crisis on the Texas Border: Surge of Unaccom- July 3, 2014 panied Minors.’’ McAllen, Texas FULL 113–75 ‘‘Utilizing Canine Teams to Detect Explosives and June 24, 2014 Mitigate Threats.’’ TS 113–76 ‘‘How Data Mining Threatens Student Privacy.’’ June 25, 2014 CISPT and the Committee on Education and Workforce’s Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education 113–77 ‘‘The Executive Proclamation Designating the July 10, 2014 Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks a National Monument: Implications for Border Security.’’ OME 113–78 ‘‘Port of Entry Infrastructure: How Does the Fed- July 16, 2014 eral Government Prioritize Investments?’’ BMS 113–79 ‘‘The Rising Terrorist Threat and the Unfulfilled July 23, 2014 9/11 Recommendation.’’ FULL 113–80 ‘‘Jihadist Safe Havens: Efforts to Detect and Deter July 24, 2014 Terrorist Travel.’’ CTI 113–81 ‘‘Examining TSA’s Management of the Screening July 29, 2014 Partnership Program.’’ TS 113–82 ‘‘Protecting the Homeland from Nuclear and Radi- July 29, 2014 ological Threats.’’ CIPST 113–83 ‘‘Strategy and Mission of the DHS Science and September 9, 2014 Technology Directorate.’’ CIPST and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology’s Subcommittee on Research and Technology 113–84 ‘‘One Flight Away: An Examination of the Threat September 10, 2014 posed by ISIS Terrorists with Western Pass- ports.’’ BMS 113–85 ‘‘Worldwide Threats to the Homeland.’’ September 17, 2014 FULL 113–86 ‘‘Safeguarding Privacy and Civil Liberties While September 18, 2014 Keeping our Skies Safe.’’ TS 113–87 ‘‘Oversight of the DHS Headquarters Project at St. September 19, 2014 Elizabeths: Impact on the Taxpayer.’’ OME 113–88 ‘‘Ebola in the Homeland: The Importance of Effec- October 10, 2014 tive International, Federal, State and Local Co- Dallas, Texas ordination.’’ FULL

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Number Title Date 113–89 ‘‘Interoperable Communications: Assessing November 18, 2014 Progress Since 9/11.’’ EPRC 113–90 ‘‘Emergency Preparedness: Are We Ready For A November 21, 2014 21st Century Hugo?’’ Clemson, South OME Carolina 113–91 ‘‘Open Borders: The Impact of Presidential Am- December 2, 2014 nesty on Border Security.’’ FULL

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Number Title

113–A ...... Rules of the Committee on Homeland Security for the 113th Congress.

(341)

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COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY Total Bills Referred to Committee ...... 109 Public Laws ...... 11 Bills Reported to the House ...... 17 Hearings Held: Days of Hearings 98 Full Committee ...... 23 Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence ... 9 Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security ...... 13 Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protec- tion, and Security Technologies ...... 15 Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency ...... 15 Subcommittee on Transportation Security ...... 12 Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communica- tions ...... 12 Witnesses: Full Committee ...... 88 Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence ... 32 Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security ...... 45 Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protec- tion, and Security Technologies ...... 62 Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency ...... 65 Subcommittee on Transportation Security ...... 75 Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communica- tions ...... 56 Total Persons Testifying 306 Markups and Business Meetings Held (Days) / Measures Considered: Full Committee ...... 6/19 Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence ... 0 Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security ...... 2/4 Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protec- tion, and Security Technologies ...... 3/4 Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency ...... 1/1 Subcommittee on Transportation Security ...... 1/2 Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communica- tions ...... 1/3 Æ

(343)

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