Using Z/VM for Test and Development Environments: a Roundup

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Using Z/VM for Test and Development Environments: a Roundup Front cover Using z/VM for Test and Development Environments: A Roundup How guest systems benefit from z/VM virtualization technology Exploiting z/VM functionality for your guest systems Testing a Parallel Sysplex under z/VM Klaus Egeler Eravimangalath P Naveen Manoj S Pattabhiraman Kyle Smith ibm.com/redbooks International Technical Support Organization Using z/VM for Test and Development Environments: A Roundup February 2007 SG24-7355-00 Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page ix. First Edition (February 2007) This edition applies to z/VM Version 5, Release 2 (product number 5741-A05). © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2007. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Notices . ix Trademarks . x Preface . xi The team that wrote this IBM Redbook . .xi Become a published author . xiii Comments welcome. xiii Part 1. Introducing z/VM . 1 Chapter 1. z/VM virtualization . 3 1.1 General overview of z/VM . 4 1.2 z/VM virtualization technology provides guest support . 5 1.3 z/VM provides proven system integrity, security, and reliability . 6 1.4 A brief history of z/VM . 7 1.5 Running guest operating systems . 8 1.5.1 Guest support . 8 1.5.2 System simulation . 9 1.5.3 System efficiency . 9 1.6 Benefits of using z/VM in a test, development, and production environment . 12 1.6.1 Running Linux as guest system . 13 1.6.2 Running TPF as guest system . 15 1.6.3 Running z/OS as a guest system . 15 1.6.4 Running z/VSE as guest system. 19 1.6.5 Running z/VM as guest system. 20 Chapter 2. Virtual networking for Linux on System z . 21 2.1 Network virtualization . 22 2.2 Guest LAN. 22 2.2.1 Steps involved in setting up a guest LAN . 24 2.2.2 Benefits of the guest LAN in an integrated environment. 26 2.3 VSWITCH . 27 2.3.1 VSWITCH configurations . 30 2.3.2 Configuring a Layer 2 VSWITCH in z/VM . 32 2.3.3 Benefits of VSWITCH on an integrated environment . 33 2.4 HiperSockets Network Concentrator . 33 2.4.1 Setting up concentrator . 35 2.4.2 Setting up leaf nodes . 35 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2007. All rights reserved. iii 2.4.3 Starting the concentrator. 36 2.4.4 Stopping the Concentrator . 36 2.5 High availability . 37 2.5.1 High availability with z/VM and Linux on System z . 37 2.6 Channel bonding . 38 2.6.1 Configuring bonding devices. 39 2.6.2 Benefits of channel bonding . 42 2.7 VIPA with dynamic routing . 42 2.7.1 Dynamic routing . 44 2.7.2 VIPA configuration . 45 2.7.3 Dynamic routing configuration. 46 2.7.4 Starting dynamic routing daemons . 47 2.7.5 Verifying the router . 47 Chapter 3. Resource management under z/VM . 49 3.1 Importance of resource management under z/VM . 50 3.2 Resources that can be changed dynamically under z/VM . 50 3.3 Managing dynamic DASD changes under z/VM . 51 3.3.1 Dynamically adding a DASD device to a z/VM virtual machine . 51 3.3.2 Dynamically removing a DASD device from a z/VM virtual machine 53 3.3.3 Dynamically adding a DASD device to a z/VM Linux guest . 54 3.3.4 Dynamically removing a DASD device from a z/VM Linux guest . 54 3.4 Managing dynamic network changes under z/VM. 55 3.4.1 Dynamically adding a NIC to a z/VM virtual machine . 56 3.4.2 Dynamically removing a NIC from a z/VM virtual machine . 57 3.4.3 Dynamically adding a NIC to a z/VM Linux guest . 58 3.4.4 Dynamically removing a NIC from a z/VM Linux guest . 60 3.5 Managing dynamic CPU changes under z/VM . 60 3.5.1 Dynamically adding a CPU to a z/VM virtual machine . 61 3.5.2 Dynamically removing a CPU from a z/VM virtual machine . 62 3.5.3 Dynamically adding a CPU to a Linux guest running on z/VM . 62 3.5.4 Dynamically removing a CPU from a z/VM Linux guest . 64 3.6 Storage management under z/VM . 66 3.7 Resource simulation using z/VM . 67 3.7.1 Simulating a multiprocessor system using z/VM. 68 3.7.2 Simulating an FBA DASD device using z/VM . 70 3.8 References . 72 Chapter 4. Outlook on z/VM Version 5 Release 3.0 . 73 4.1 Improvements in z/VM 5.3. 74 4.1.1 General outlook. 74 4.1.2 Processor and device support. 74 4.1.3 Networking . 75 iv Using z/VM for Test and Development Environments: A Roundup 4.1.4 Virtualization . 75 4.1.5 Systems management . 75 4.1.6 Security . 76 4.1.7 Guest ASCII console support . 77 Part 2. Developing, deploying, and managing your environment . 79 Chapter 5. Cloning a production environment (a practical scenario) . 81 5.1 Introducing the sample environment . 82 5.2 Best practices for replicating environments. 82 5.2.1 Determining storage and paging allocation. 83 5.2.2 Allocating DASD . 83 5.2.3 Managing the CP directory . 85 5.3 Planning considerations . 85 5.3.1 Determining device usage in Linux . 85 5.3.2 Determining device usage in z/VM . 86 5.3.3 Determining device usage in z/OS . 87 5.4 Setting up z/VM to mimic your existing environment. 88 5.4.1 Creating a virtual network . 88 5.4.2 Adding guests to the CP directory. 88 5.4.3 Copying DASD volumes . 90 5.4.4 Updating settings for cloned systems . 92 5.4.5 Testing the changes . 95 Chapter 6. Parallel Sysplex under z/VM . 97 6.1 Why Parallel Sysplex under z/VM? . 98 6.2 Parallel Sysplex under z/VM: Planning and steps. ..
Recommended publications
  • IBM VM Recovery Manager DR for Power Systems Version 1.5: Deployment Guide Overview for IBM VM Recovery Manager DR for Power Systems
    IBM VM Recovery Manager DR for Power Systems Version 1.5 Deployment Guide IBM Note Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page 195. This edition applies to IBM® VM Recovery Manager DR for Power Systems Version 1.5 and to all subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2020, 2021. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents About this document............................................................................................vii Highlighting.................................................................................................................................................vii Case-sensitivity in VM Recovery Manager DR............................................................................................vii ISO 9000....................................................................................................................................................viii Overview...............................................................................................................1 Concepts...............................................................................................................5 KSYS............................................................................................................................................................. 5 HMC.............................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Facility/370: Introduction
    File No. S370-20 Order No. GC20-1800=9 IDl\n \/:u+ •• ".1 I\n"n"': ..... ft IDIVI V IIlUQI .Via"'lllIlv Facility/370: Systems Introduction Release 6 PLC 4 This publication introduces VM/370, and is intended for anyone who is interested in VM/370. However, the reader should have a basic understanding of I BM data processing. VM/370 (Virtual Machine Facility/370) is a system control program (SCP) that tailors the resources and capabilities of a single System/370 computer to provide concurrent users their one unique (virtual) machine. VM/370 consists of a Control Program (CP), which manages the real computer, a Conversational Monitor System (CMS), which is a general-purpose conversational time-sharing system that executes in a virtual machine, a Remote Spooling Communications Subsystem (RSCS), which spools files to and from geographically remote locations, and a Interactive Problem Control System (I PCS), which provides problem analysis and management faci I ities. The first section of the publication is an introduction; it describes what VM/370 can do. The second, third, fourth, and fifth sections describe the Control Program, Conversational Monitor System, Remote Spooling Communications Subsystem, and Interactive Problem Control System respectively. The appendixes include information about VM/370 publication-to-audience relationship and VM/370-related publications for CMS users. , This publication is a prerequisite for the VM/370 system library. --...- --- ---.-- ------- ------ --..- --------- -~-y- Page of GC20-1800-9 As Updated Aug 1, 1979 by TNL GN25-0U89 ~b Edition (Karch 1919) This edition (GC20-1800-~ together with Technical Newsletter GN25-0489. dated August 1, 1919, applies to Release 6 PLC 4 (Program Level Change) of IBM Virtual Machine Facility/310 and to all subsequent releases until otherwise indicated in new editions or Technical Newsletters.
    [Show full text]
  • Scalability of VM Provisioning Systems
    Scalability of VM Provisioning Systems Mike Jones, Bill Arcand, Bill Bergeron, David Bestor, Chansup Byun, Lauren Milechin, Vijay Gadepally, Matt Hubbell, Jeremy Kepner, Pete Michaleas, Julie Mullen, Andy Prout, Tony Rosa, Siddharth Samsi, Charles Yee, Albert Reuther Lincoln Laboratory Supercomputing Center MIT Lincoln Laboratory Lexington, MA, USA Abstract—Virtual machines and virtualized hardware have developed a technique based on binary code substitution been around for over half a century. The commoditization of the (binary translation) that enabled the execution of privileged x86 platform and its rapidly growing hardware capabilities have (OS) instructions from virtual machines on x86 systems [16]. led to recent exponential growth in the use of virtualization both Another notable effort was the Xen project, which in 2003 used in the enterprise and high performance computing (HPC). The a jump table for choosing bare metal execution or virtual startup time of a virtualized environment is a key performance machine execution of privileged (OS) instructions [17]. Such metric for high performance computing in which the runtime of projects prompted Intel and AMD to add the VT-x [19] and any individual task is typically much shorter than the lifetime of AMD-V [18] virtualization extensions to the x86 and x86-64 a virtualized service in an enterprise context. In this paper, a instruction sets in 2006, further pushing the performance and methodology for accurately measuring the startup performance adoption of virtual machines. on an HPC system is described. The startup performance overhead of three of the most mature, widely deployed cloud Virtual machines have seen use in a variety of applications, management frameworks (OpenStack, OpenNebula, and but with the move to highly capable multicore CPUs, gigabit Eucalyptus) is measured to determine their suitability for Ethernet network cards, and VM-aware x86/x86-64 operating workloads typically seen in an HPC environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Z/OS ♦ Z Machines Hardware ♦ Numbers and Numeric Terms ♦ the Road to Z/OS ♦ Z/OS.E ♦ Z/OS Futures ♦ Language Environment ♦ Current Compilers ♦ UNIX System Services
    Mainframes The Future of Mainframes Is Now ♦ z/Architecture ♦ z/OS ♦ z Machines Hardware ♦ Numbers and Numeric Terms ♦ The Road to z/OS ♦ z/OS.e ♦ z/OS Futures ♦ Language Environment ♦ Current Compilers ♦ UNIX System Services by Steve Comstock The Trainer’s Friend, Inc. http://www.trainersfriend.com 800-993-8716 [email protected] Copyright © 2002 by Steven H. Comstock 1 Mainframes z/Architecture z/Architecture ❐ The IBM 64-bit mainframe has been named "z/Architecture" to contrast it to earlier mainframe hardware architectures ♦ S/360 ♦ S/370 ♦ 370-XA ♦ ESA/370 ♦ ESA/390 ❐ Although there is a clear continuity, z/Architecture also brings significant changes... ♦ 64-bit General Purpose Registers - so 64-bit integers and 64-bit addresses ♦ 64-bit Control Registers ♦ 128-bit PSW ♦ Tri-modal addressing (24-bit, 31-bit, 64-bit) ♦ Over 140 new instructions, including instructions to work with ASCII and UNICODE strings Copyright © 2002 by Steven H. Comstock 2 z/Architecture z/OS ❐ Although several operating systems can run on z/Architecture machines, z/OS is the premier, target OS ❐ z/OS is the successor to OS/390 ♦ The last release of OS/390 was V2R10, available 9/2000 ♦ The first release of z/OS was V1R1, available 3/2001 ❐ z/OS can also run on G5/G6 and MP3000 series machines ♦ But only in 31-bit or 24-bit mode ❐ Note these terms: ♦ The Line - the 16MiB address limit of MVS ♦ The Bar - the 2GiB limit of OS/390 ❐ For some perspective, realize that 16EiB is... ♦ 8 billion times 2GiB ♦ 1 trillion times 16MiB ❐ The current release of z/OS is V1R4; V1R5 is scheduled for 1Q2004 Copyright © 2002 by Steven H.
    [Show full text]
  • Cisco UCS C240 M4 SFF Rack Server Spec Sheet
    This Product has been discontinued Spec Sheet Cisco UCS C240 M4 High-Density Rack Server (Small Form Factor Disk Drive Model) CISCO SYSTEMS PUBLICATION HISTORY 170 WEST TASMAN DR. SAN JOSE, CA, 95134 REV E.20 MARCH 23, 2021 WWW.CISCO.COM CONTENTS OVERVIEW . 5 DETAILED VIEWS . 6 Chassis Front View . .6 Chassis Rear View . .9 BASE SERVER STANDARD CAPABILITIES and FEATURES . 11 CONFIGURING the SERVER . 15 STEP 1 VERIFY SERVER SKU . 16 STEP 2 SELECT RISER CARDS (OPTIONAL) . 17 STEP 3 SELECT LOCKING SECURITY BEZEL (OPTIONAL) . 18 STEP 4 SELECT CPU(s) . 19 STEP 5 SELECT MEMORY . 21 STEP 6 SELECT RAID CONTROLLERS . 27 RAID Controller Options (internal HDD/SSD support) . 27 Embedded Software RAID . 27 Cisco 12G SAS Modular RAID Controller . 27 SAS HBA (internal HDD/SSD/JBOD support) . 27 SAS HBA (external JBOD support) . 27 RAID Volumes and Groups . 28 STEP 7 SELECT HARD DISK DRIVES (HDDs) or SOLID STATE DRIVES (SSDs) . 39 STEP 8 SELECT SED HARD DISK DRIVES (HDDs) or SOLID STATE DRIVES (SSDs) . 45 STEP 9 SELECT PCIe OPTION CARD(s) . 48 STEP 10 ORDER OPTIONAL NETWORK CARD ACCESSORIES . 53 STEP 11 ORDER GPU CARDS AND GPU POWER CABLES (OPTIONAL) . 58 STEP 12 ORDER POWER SUPPLY . 61 STEP 13 SELECT AC POWER CORD(s) . 62 STEP 14 ORDER TOOL-LESS RAIL KIT AND OPTIONAL REVERSIBLE CABLE MANAGEMENT ARM . 65 STEP 15 SELECT NIC MODE (OPTIONAL) . 66 STEP 16 ORDER A TRUSTED PLATFORM MODULE (OPTIONAL) . 67 STEP 17 ORDER CISCO FLEXIBLE FLASH SD CARD MODULE (OPTIONAL) . 69 STEP 18 ORDER OPTIONAL USB 3.0 DRIVE .
    [Show full text]
  • IBM Virtual Machine Facility/370 : Systems Introduction
    GC20-1800-0 IBM Virtual Machine Facility/370 : Systems Introduction The IBM Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370) is a System Control Program (SCP) that has been designed specifically for the IBM System/370. VM/370 manages the IBM System/370 in such a way that mUltiple remote terminal users appear to have a dedicated computing system at their disposal. Within this "virtual machine" the user may run the operaHng system of his choice, subject to the restrictions noted in "Appendix C: VM/370 Restrictions" of this manual. The design of VM/370 is based on the IBM Control Program-67/Cam­ bridge Monitor System (CP-67/CMS) which is executed on an IBM System/360 Model 67. The Conversational Monitor System (CMS) is the major subsystem ofVM/370. CMS provides problem solving and program development services to the user, as well as supporting facilities for a remote user who chooses to run some other operating system in his virtual machine. This manual provides introductory information about the facilities provided by VM/370, and defines the min­ imum equipment configuration necessary for execution. Preface This manual provides introductory information on the IBM Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370) and its associated subsystem, the Conversational Monitor Sys­ tem (CMS), as well as an overview of the purpose and functions of VM/370. It is assumed that the user has a prior knowledge of virtual storage concepts as implemented on the IBM System/370 via dynamic address translation. The reader is referred to Part I of the student text publication Introduction to Virtual Storage in System/370, Order No.
    [Show full text]
  • Microkernel Vs
    1 VIRTUALIZATION: IBM VM/370 AND XEN CS6410 Hakim Weatherspoon IBM VM/370 Robert Jay Creasy (1939-2005) Project leader of the first full virtualization hypervisor: IBM CP-40, a core component in the VM system The first VM system: VM/370 Virtual Machine: Origin 3 IBM CP/CMS CP-40 CP-67 VM/370 Why Virtualize 4 Underutilized machines Easier to debug and monitor OS Portability Isolation The cloud (e.g. Amazon EC2, Google Compute Engine, Microsoft Azure) IBM VM/370 Specialized Conversation Mainstream VM al Monitor OS (MVS, Another Virtual subsystem System DOS/VSE copy of VM machines (RSCS, RACF, (CMS) etc.) GCS) Hypervisor Control Program (CP) Hardware System/370 IBM VM/370 Technology: trap-and-emulate Problem Application Privileged Kernel Trap Emulate CP Classic Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) 7 Virtualization: rejuvenation 1960’s: first track of virtualization Time and resource sharing on expensive mainframes IBM VM/370 Late 1970’s and early 1980’s: became unpopular Cheap hardware and multiprocessing OS Late 1990’s: became popular again Wide variety of OS and hardware configurations VMWare Since 2000: hot and important Cloud computing Docker containers Full Virtualization 9 Complete simulation of underlying hardware Unmodified guest OS Trap and simulate privileged instruction Was not supported by x86 (Not true anymore, Intel VT-x) Guest OS can’t see real resources Paravirtualization 10 Similar but not identical to hardware Modifications to guest OS Hypercall Guest OS registers handlers Improved performance VMware ESX Server 11 Full virtualization Dynamically rewrite privileged instructions Ballooning Content-based page sharing Denali 12 Paravirtualization 1000s of VMs Security & performance isolation Did not support mainstream OSes VM uses single-user single address space 13 Xen and the Art of Virtualization Xen 14 University of Cambridge, MS Research Cambridge XenSource, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • IIP (System Z9 Integrated Information Processor) Computer CEC (Central Electronics Complex) Server
    IBM System z z/VM Basics Arwed Tschoeke Systems Architect [email protected] © 2009 IBM Corporation © 2008 IBM Corporation Introduction We'll explain basic concepts of System z: – Terminology – Processors – Memory – I/O – Networking We'll see that z/VM virtualizes a System z machine: – Virtual processors – Virtual memory – … and so on Where appropriate, we'll compare or contrast: – PR/SM or LPAR – z/OS – Linux 2 z/VM: The Very Basics z/VM: The Very Basics 1 IBM System z © 2008 IBM Corporation System z Parts Nomenclature x86, UNIX, etc. System z Memory Storage (though we are moving toward "memory") Disk, Storage DASD – Direct Access Storage Device Processor Processor, Engine, PU (processing unit) IOP (I/O processor) CPU (central processing unit) CP (central processor) SAP (system assist processor) Specialty engines –IFL (Integrated Facility for Linux) –zAAP (System z Application Assist Processor) –zIIP (System z9 Integrated Information Processor) Computer CEC (central electronics complex) Server 3 z/VM: The Very Basics © 2008 IBM Corporation IBM System z Virtualization Genetics Over 40 years of continuous innovation in virtualization – Refined to support modern business requirements System z10 . – Exploit hardware technology for economical growth , .. ity System z9 z/VM V5 bil – LPAR, Integrated Facility for Linux, HiperSockets xi 64-Bit Fle – System z Application Assist Processors s, zSeries es VM/ESA Virtual Switch – System z Information Integration stn 9672 bu ESA Guest LANs Set Observer Ro Processors y, 9x21 ilit VM/XA Virtual Machine
    [Show full text]
  • High Level Assembler for MVS & VM & VSE Programmer's Guide
    IBM High Level Assembler for MVS & VM & VSE Programmer’s Guide Release 5 SC26-4941-04 IBM High Level Assembler for MVS & VM & VSE Programmer’s Guide Release 5 SC26-4941-04 Note! Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under “Notices” on page 422. Fifth Edition (June 2004) This edition applies to IBM High Level Assembler for MVS & VM & VSE, Release 5, Program Number 5696-234 and to any subsequent releases until otherwise indicated in new editions. Make sure you are using the correct edition for the level of the product. Order publications through your IBM representative or the IBM branch office serving your locality. Publications are not stocked at the address below. A form for reader's comments is provided at the back of this publication. If the form has been removed, address your comments to: IBM Corporation J87/D325 555 Bailey Avenue SAN JOSE, CA 95141-1003 United States of America When you send information to IBM, you grant IBM a nonexclusive right to use or distribute the information in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you. Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1982, 2004. All rights reserved. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Contents About this Manual .................................... xi Who Should Use this Manual .............................. xi Programming Interface Information ........................... xi Organization of this Manual ............................... xi IBM High Level Assembler for MVS & VM & VSE Publications .......... xiv Publications . xiv Softcopy Publications . xv The High Level Assembler web site ........................
    [Show full text]
  • Operating System
    OPERATING SYSTEM INDEX LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM LESSON 2: FILE SYSTEM – I LESSON 3: FILE SYSTEM – II LESSON 4: CPU SCHEDULING LESSON 5: MEMORY MANAGEMENT – I LESSON 6: MEMORY MANAGEMENT – II LESSON 7: DISK SCHEDULING LESSON 8: PROCESS MANAGEMENT LESSON 9: DEADLOCKS LESSON 10: CASE STUDY OF UNIX LESSON 11: CASE STUDY OF MS-DOS LESSON 12: CASE STUDY OF MS-WINDOWS NT Lesson No. 1 Intro. to Operating System 1 Lesson Number: 1 Writer: Dr. Rakesh Kumar Introduction to Operating System Vetter: Prof. Dharminder Kr. 1.0 OBJECTIVE The objective of this lesson is to make the students familiar with the basics of operating system. After studying this lesson they will be familiar with: 1. What is an operating system? 2. Important functions performed by an operating system. 3. Different types of operating systems. 1. 1 INTRODUCTION Operating system (OS) is a program or set of programs, which acts as an interface between a user of the computer & the computer hardware. The main purpose of an OS is to provide an environment in which we can execute programs. The main goals of the OS are (i) To make the computer system convenient to use, (ii) To make the use of computer hardware in efficient way. Operating System is system software, which may be viewed as collection of software consisting of procedures for operating the computer & providing an environment for execution of programs. It’s an interface between user & computer. So an OS makes everything in the computer to work together smoothly & efficiently. Figure 1: The relationship between application & system software Lesson No.
    [Show full text]
  • System Automation for Z/OS : Planning and Installation About This Publication
    System Automation for z/OS Version 4.Release 1 Planning and Installation IBM SC34-2716-01 Note Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in Appendix H, “Notices,” on page 201. Edition Notes This edition applies to IBM System Automation for z/OS® (Program Number 5698-SA4) Version 4 Release 1, an IBM licensed program, and to all subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions. This edition replaces SC34-2716-00. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1996, 2017. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Figures................................................................................................................. xi Tables................................................................................................................ xiii Accessibility........................................................................................................ xv Using assistive technologies...................................................................................................................... xv Keyboard navigation of the user interface................................................................................................. xv About this publication........................................................................................ xvii Who Should Use This Publication.............................................................................................................xvii
    [Show full text]
  • System Automation for Z/OS: User's Guide
    System Automation for z/OS Version 4 .Release 1 User’s Guide IBM SC34-2718-01 Note Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under Appendix E, “Notices,” on page 209. Editions This edition applies to IBM® System Automation for z/OS (Program Number 5698-SA4) Version 4 Release 1, an IBM licensed program, and to all subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions or technical newsletters. This edition replaces SC34-2718-00. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1996, 2017. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Figures................................................................................................................. ix Tables................................................................................................................ xiii Accessibility........................................................................................................ xv Using assistive technologies...................................................................................................................... xv Keyboard navigation of the user interface................................................................................................. xv Notices.............................................................................................................. xvii Website Disclaimer.................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]