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Home , Closet, Plumbing, Room, Sink, Toilet (room)

EVENT 29: November 15, 2017 THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF DESIGN - CREDIT(S) EARNED ON COMPLETION OF THIS COURSE WILL BE REPORTED TO AIA CES FOR AIA MEMBERS. CERTIFICATES OF COMPLETION THE DO-DOs FOR BOTH AIA MEMBERS AND NON-AIA MEMBERS ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. - THIS COURSE IS REGISTERED WITH AIA CES FOR CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL . AS AND DON’Ts OF SUCH, IT DOES NOT INCLUDE CONTENT THAT MAY BE DEEMED OR CONSTRUED TO BE AN APPROVAL OR ENDORSEMENT BY THE AIA OF ANY MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION OR ANY TOILET ROOM METHOD OR MANNER OF HANDLING, USING, DISTRIBUTING, OR DEALING IN ANY MATERIAL OR PRODUCT. - QUESTIONS RELATED TO SPECIFIC MATERIALS, METHODS, DESIGN AND SERVICES WILL BE ADDRESSED AT THE CONCLUSION OF THIS PRESENTATION. CHRISTINE JIM BUTLER, PETERSON, AIA, LEED AP AIA

400 Clifton Avenue, 1220 Marshall Street NE Minneapolis, MN 55403 Minneapolis, MN 55413 612.874.4115 612.677.7224 [email protected] [email protected] LEARNING OBJECTIVES: THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF • Identify how sightlines, swing, TOILET ROOM DESIGN acoustical isolation and mirror placement can improve privacy. • Understand toilet accessories types and how they affect recesses/projections, mounting, operation and cleanliness. © 2017 – JIM BUTLER and • Evaluate appropriate finish materials CHRISTINE PETERSON

for their installation challenges and THIS PRESENTATION IS maintenance. PROTECTED BY US AND INTERNATIONAL • Analyze requirements for various COPYRIGHT LAWS. REPRODUCTION, fixture types and how they affect chases, DISTRIBUTION, DISPLAY dimensions and coordination with AND USE OF THE PRESENTATION WITHOUT structural and plumbing drawings. WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE SPEAKERS IS PROHIBITED. THE DO-DOs AND OUTLINE: DON’Ts OF TOILET ROOM - Layout DESIGN - Materials - Accessories - Plumbing fixtures LAYOUT THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF TOILET ROOM DESIGN LAYOUT THE DO-DOs AND • Know your applicable code DON’Ts OF • Swing the door out, or have no door at all TOILET ROOM • Control the view into toilet room DESIGN • Placement of mirrors • Don’t access a Janitor’s through a toilet room • Provide acoustic separation • Coordinate with structural, mechanical, plumbing, electrical • Understand local codes regarding and gender • Overall layout of the room, wet areas, traffic considerations, in/out time • in high use toilet : Airport KNOW YOUR APPLICABLE CODE - there are many differences between ADAAG, ANSI A117.1, CALIFORNIA, MINNESOTA, FLORIDA, etc.

ANSI A117.1 MINNESOTA KNOW YOUR APPLICABLE CODE

IBC 2012

1109.2.2 closet compartment. Where water closet compartments are provided in a toilet room or bathing room, at least one wheelchair-accessible MINNESOTA compartment shall be provided. Where two or more water closet compartments are provided in a toilet room or bathing room, at least one ambulatory-accessible water closet compartment shall be provided in addition to the wheelchair- accessible compartment. outside outside

You can You must push the grab door handle to open pull

inside inside LAYOUT Swinging the door out allows outside hands-free operation but may Have require more space. no Layout without a door is more door sanitary, if you have the space.

inside

Is a door pull or a flush lever a major concern for germs? Acoustical isolation from adjoining spaces is encouraged- full height partitions with insulation

Direct Views Mirror View into toilet into toilet Janitors Closet room room within toilet View room is not controlled recommended COORDINATION WITH STRUCTURAL Where is the plumbing chase? Stay away from beams COORDINATION WITH ELECTRICAL What is below the toilet room? Keep toilets away from and rooms COORDINATION WITH ELECTRICAL What needs power? COORDINATION WITH ELECTRICAL Locate COORDINATION WITH PLUMBING Drains…you have options IBC 2012 - 2902.2 Separate facilities. Where plumbing fixtures are required, separate facilities shall be provided for each sex. •Exceptions: •1. Separate facilities shall not be required for dwelling units and sleeping units. •2. Separate facilities shall not be required in structures or tenant spaces with a total occupant load, including both employees and customers, of 15 or less. (20 in MN) •3. Separate facilities shall not be required in mercantile in which the maximum occupant load is 100 or less. •[P] 2902.2.1 Family or assisted-use toilet facilities serving as separate facilities. Where a or tenant space requires a separate toilet facility for each sex and each toilet facility is required to have only one water closet, two family/assisted-use toilet facilities shall be permitted to serve as the required separate facilities. Family or assisted-use toilet facilities shall not be required to be identified for exclusive use by either sex as required by Section 2902.4. CASE : MSP RESTROOMS CASE STUDY: AIRPORT RESTROOM DESIGN LOUNGE ENTRY AND TRAFFIC FLOW CASE STUDY: AIRPORT RESTROOM DESIGN AREA CASE STUDY: AIRPORT RESTROOM DESIGN TOILET STALL CASE STUDY: AIRPORT RESTROOM DESIGN MATERIALS THE DO-DOs AND • Tile: DON’Ts OF TOILET ROOM - Lippage DESIGN - Coved base - Slope to drain - Slip resistance

• Ferrous metals will rust in moist areas • will get wet in moist areas, especially rooms with • Use hard, non-absorbent materials in wet areas MATERIALS

THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF TOILET ROOM DESIGN TILE LIPPAGE The Tile Council of North America (TCNA) states “Lippage is a condition where one edge of a tile is higher than an adjacent tile, giving the finished surface an uneven appearance. This condition is inherent in all installation methods and may also be unavoidable due to tile tolerances, in accordance with ANSI A137.1.”

Avoid Wall Washing light fixtures on tile . They accentuate poor tile installations. Larger tiles are harder to set. WHY DID MY CODE OFFICIAL TELL ME I NEEDED A COVE BASE?

1210.2.1 and wall bases. (2015 Minnesota ) In other than dwelling units, toilet, bathing and , room floor finish material shall have a smooth, hard, nonabsorbent surface, such as portland cement, , ceramic tile, sheet vinyl, or other approved floor covering material. The intersections of such floors with walls shall have a smooth, hard, nonabsorbent vertical base that extends upward onto the walls at least 4 inches.

The purpose of this requirement is to provide nonabsorbent surfaces that can be maintained in a sanitary condition. The 4-inch extension of the surface up the surrounding walls is so that the wall will not absorb moisture during cleaning and, thus, will be left in a clean condition. This provision does not require that the same material that is on the floor be extended up the wall. As long as the wall material is smooth, hard and nonabsorbent, and there is adequate seal between the materials to restrict moisture from getting behind the surface material and into the wall construction, the intent of the requirement should be met. BUT MY CODE OFFICIAL READS THE “HANDBOOK!” COVE BASE?

Q: Is cove base tile required at the transition between the wall and the floor of a restroom? A: IBC section 1210.1 does not specifically require this, however the commentary in this section of the 2006 IBC Handbook states: “The intent here is that the flooring form an integral cove so that there will be no sharp joint at the floor/wall intersection.” The Handbook is a guide to assist building officials in the interpretation and enforcement of the IBC. The ultimate decision lies with the building official. Since it is not clearly spelled out in the 2006 IBC, if the building official feels that the intent of the code section is for ease of cleaning, then the designer should be told this in writing during the jurisdiction’s plan review. It would not be appropriate to cite it during an inspection after the material has been installed. https://www.dli.mn.gov/ccld/PDF/pr_review21spring12_page9.pdf THE PLUMBING CODE 418.5 SAYS SLOPE TO DRAIN? What does that mean? The entire floor? Just in the vicinity of the drain? Plumbing Code Commentary says:

(Not much help.) 2015 Minnesota Plumbing Code: 408.7 - Shower stalls have to slope ¼” per foot to drain 408.8 - Public Shower Areas says that floors shall be drained in such a manner that wastewater from one bather shall not pass over areas occupied by other bathers and shall not slope less than 2% toward the drains. 418.5 Floor Slope. - Floors shall be sloped to floor drains. What are the requirements for floors to be “slip resistant?”

2103.6 Ceramic Tile. Ceramic Tile shall be as defined in, and conform to the requirements of, ANSI A137.1. Minimum wet dynamic coefficient of friction (DCOF) of 0.42 1210.2.2 Walls and partitions. Walls and partitions within 2 feet (610 mm) of service , and water shall have a smooth, hard, nonabsorbent surface, to a height of not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) above the floor, and except for structural elements, the materials used in such walls shall be of a type that is not adversely affected by moisture. •Exception: This section does not apply to the following and spaces: •1. Dwelling units and sleeping units. •2. Toilet rooms that are not accessible to the public and which have not more than one water closet. •Accessories such as grab bars, towel bars, paper dispensers and soap dishes, provided on or within walls, shall be installed and sealed to protect structural elements from moisture. 1210.2.3 Showers. Shower compartments and walls above bathtubs with installed shower heads shall be finished with a smooth, nonabsorbent surface to a height not less than 70 inches (1778 mm) above the drain inlet. 1210.2.4 Waterproof joints. Built-in tubs with showers shall have waterproof joints between the tub and adjacent wall. ACCESSORIES • Accessories mounted half-on / half-off tile THE DO-DOs AND • Some accessories not allowed in toilet clearances DON’Ts OF • Diaper changing station not allowed in stall TOILET ROOM • Accessories violate projection distance from wall DESIGN for cane detection • Reach range for accessories across the vanity • Toilet partitions and urinal screens may create an alcove that requires wider clearances • Provide toe clearances under toilet partitions • Proper detailing is needed at hung toilet partitions • Protrusions of accessories allowed in toilet stall • Mirrors should be mounted at code required heights • Locate paper towels as close to the sink as possible to control dripping ACCESSORIES

THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF TOILET ROOM DESIGN Toilet accessories should not be mounted half-on and half-off tile wainscot 604.3.3 Clearance overlap. The required clearance around the water closet shall be permitted to overlap the water closet, associated grab bars, and sanitary seat cover dispensers, sanitary napkin receptacles, coat hooks, a shelf measuring 6 inches (150 mm) maximum in depth by 12 inches (305 mm) maximum in width, accessible routes, clear floor space at other fixtures, and the turning space. No other fixtures or obstructions, including protruding towel dispensers or waste receptacles, shall be within the required water closet clearance. 603.5 Diaper changing tables. Diaper changing tables shall comply with Sections 309 and 902.

Diaper changing tables shall not be located within toilet compartments. (2015 Minnesota Accessibility Code) Shower rod

A shower curtain rod and many toilet accessories may be considered as protruding objects. 36” minimum alcove

305.7 Alcoves. If a clear floor space is in an alcove or otherwise confined on all or part of three sides, additional maneuvering clearances complying with Reaching over a vanity to get at toilet Sections 305.7.1 and 305.7.2 shall be provided, accessories has height limitations as applicable. 604.9.5.1 Toe clearance at compartments. The front partition and at least one side partition shall provide a toe clearance of 9 inches (230 mm) minimum above the floor and extending 6 inches (150 mm) beyond the compartment side face of the partition, exclusive of partition support members. Exceptions: 1. Toe clearance at the front partition is not required in a compartment greater than 62 inches (1575 mm) in depth with a wall-hung water closet, or greater than 65 inches (1650 mm) in depth with a floor-mounted water closet. 2. Toe clearance at the side partition is not required in a compartment greater than 66 inches (1675 mm) in width. Ceiling hung toilet partitions can get out of alignment easily and will not close or latch.

Provide detail for miscellaneous metal support for ceiling hung toilet partitions. Dispensers can not protrude from wall above the grab bar. Often if toilet accessories are provided by owner, they violate required clearances. 603.3 Mirrors. Where mirrors are located above lavatories, a mirror shall be located over the accessible lavatory and shall be mounted with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 40 inches (1015 mm) maximum above the floor. Where mirrors are located above counters that do not contain lavatories, the mirror shall be mounted with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 40 inches (1015 mm) maximum above the floor THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF PLUMBING FIXTURES TOILET ROOM • Show plumbing fixtures properly in toilet DESIGN elevations • Provide proper chase depths for the toilets you are using • Structure a vanity so that people can sit on it • Provide details for all-tile showers • Clear dimensions for tile showers must allow for the tile thickness • Provide fixed shower at 7’-0”, even at accessible showers • Drinking are required at two heights PLUMBING

FIXTURES THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF TOILET ROOM DESIGN When modeling in REVIT, insert toilet fixtures at appropriate heights.

accessible urinal not shown at correct height

Accessible toilets not shown at correct height Know what type of toilet you are in plan, because the plumbing wall behind it may require to be wider. Wall Hung Floor Mounted Tank or Flush

Structure a vanity so that someone can sit on it without deflecting. Use as required. Longer vanities may require intermediate support. Provide necessary details to construct a tile shower stall and base. Floor recess may be required.

ADA Shower with hand shower on sliding vertical bar rarely is high enough for standing person to use shower conveniently. Mount a fixed shower head at 7’-0” AFF. Showers constructed with metal studs, tile Fiberglas shower unit requires backer board and tile should be 38 ¼” x 39” between studs. dimensioned as “clear” between face to face of tile.

Building an ADA Shower from metal studs, gypsum board and tile requires proper detailing and dimensioning. Using a fiberglass shower stall requires more rough dimension between studs. DRINKING FOUNTAINS

2015 Minnesota Accessibility Code:

1109.5.1 Minimum number No fewer than two drinking fountains shall be provided. One drinking shall comply with the requirements for people who use a wheelchair and one drinking fountain shall comply with the requirements for standing persons.` THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF QUESTIONS? TOILET ROOM DESIGN