:ŽƵƌŶĂůŽĨdŚƌĞĂƚĞŶĞĚdĂdžĂͮǁǁǁ͘ƚŚƌĞĂƚĞŶĞĚƚĂdžĂ͘ŽƌŐͮϮϲ:ƵŶĞϮϬϭϱͮϳ;ϴͿ͗ϳϰϵϬʹϳϰϵϮ EÊã
The bugs are chosen as ÝÊ¥øãÄÝ®òÊĦ٦ã®ÊÄÊ¥DÄͲ indicators for insect studies as ¥^ã®Ä»ç¦ãÄã«çÝ®ÄÙÄãçÝ they are an ecologically diverse ;ÙçÙùͿ;,îÖãÙ͗WÄããÊîͿ /^^EϬϵϳϰͲϳϵϬϳ;KŶůŝŶĞͿ group, including phytophagus and ãʦã«Ùó®ã«Äó«ÊÝãÙÊÙÝ¥ÙÊà /^^EϬϵϳϰͲϳϴϵϯ;WƌŝŶƚͿ zoophagus species (Dolling 1991). óÝãÙÄD«ÙÝ«ãÙ͕/Ä® Many species of bugs are found in
KW E ^^ ĂŐŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶ ďĞĐĂƵƐĞ ƉŚĞƌŽŵŽŶĞƐ ^͘,͘tĂŐŚŵĂƌĞ 1͕'͘W͘ŚĂǁĂŶĞ 2͕z͘:͘<Žůŝ 3 & ŝŶĚƵĐĞĂŐŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶŽƌĐŽŶŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶ ^͘D͘'ĂŝŬǁĂĚ 4 ŽĨŝŶƐĞĐƚƐĨŽƌƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ͕ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶĂŶĚĨĞĞĚŝŶŐŽƌĂ
ĐŽŵďŝŶĂƟŽŶŽĨĂůů;<ƵŵĂƌΘĂũƉĂŝϮϬϬϳͿ͘ ϭ͕Ϯ͕ϰĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŽŽůŽŐLJ͕^ŚŝǀĂũŝhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕<ŽůŚĂƉƵƌ͕DĂŚĂƌĂƐŚƚƌĂ DĂŶͲĨĂĐĞĚ ^ƟŶŬ ƵŐ Catacanthus incarnatus ϰϭϲϬϬϰ͕/ŶĚŝĂ ŝƐ Ă ĐŽŵŵŽŶ ƐƟŶŬ ďƵŐ ďĞůŽŶŐŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďĨĂŵŝůLJ ϯĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŽŽůŽŐLJ͕^ĂŶƚZĂǁŽŽůDĂŚĂƌĂũŽůůĞŐĞ͕<ƵĚĂů͕ DĂŚĂƌĂƐŚƚƌĂϰϭϲϱϮϬ͕/ŶĚŝĂ WĞŶƚĂƚŽŵŝŶĂĞŽĨƚŚĞĨĂŵŝůLJWĞŶƚĂƚŽŵŝĚĂĞĂŶĚŝƐǁŝĚĞůLJ 1 ƐŚǁĂŐŚŵĂƌĞϱϱϱΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͕ϮĚƌŐƉďŚĂǁĂŶĞΛƌĞĚŝīŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͕ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚĞĚŝŶ/ŶĚŝĂĂŶĚWĂŬŝƐƚĂŶ;ŝƐƚĂŶƚϭϵϬϮͿ͘ƵƌŝŶŐ ϯLJŽŐĞƐŚϭϰͺϭϵϴϱΛƌĞĚŝīŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͕ϰŐĂŝŬǁĂĚƐŵΛƌĞĚŝīŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ ƚŚĞ ĞŶƚŽŵŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ƐƵƌǀĞLJ Ăƚ ZĂŶŐĂŶĂ &Žƌƚ͕ <ŽůŚĂƉƵƌ͕ (corresponding author), Maharashtra (16ϬϬϰ͘ϴϱϱE Θ ϳϯϬϱϬ͘ϲϬϯ Ϳ͕ ŶŽƌƚŚĞƌŶ tĞƐƚĞƌŶ 'ŚĂƚƐ ;&ŝŐ͘ ϭͿ ŽŶ Ϯϵ DĂLJ ϮϬϭϰ͕ ĂŶ ĞdžƚĞŶƐŝǀĞ ĐŽŶŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ DĂŶͲĨĂĐĞĚ ^ƟŶŬ ƵŐ Catacanthus ϮϬϭϰͿ͘dŚĞŵĂdžŝŵƵŵŚĞŝŐŚƚŽĨƉůĂŶƚƐǁĂƐĂďŽƵƚϯ͘ϱŵ incarnatus;ƌƵƌLJͿŽŶĨŽƵƌĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƉůĂŶƚƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ͕ǀŝnj͕͘ ĂŶĚ ŵŝŶŝŵƵŵ ǁĂƐ ĂďŽƵƚ ϭ͘Ϯŵ͘ /ƚ ǁĂƐ ŶŽƟĐĞĚ ƚŚĂƚ Ixora brachiata, Memecylon umbellatum, Glochidion ƚŚĞƚĂůůĞƌƉůĂŶƚƐǁĞƌĞŵŽƌĞƉƌĞĨĞƌƌĞĚĨŽƌĐŽŶŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶ ĞůůŝƉƟĐƵŵ and Olea dioica ;/ŵĂŐĞƐ ϭ͕ϮͿ ǁĂƐ ŶŽƟĐĞĚ͘ ƌĂƚŚĞƌƚŚĂŶĚǁĂƌĨƉůĂŶƚƐ͘dŚĞĞŐŐŵĂƐƐŽĨC. incarnatus ŵŽŶŐƚŚĞƐĞĨŽƵƌƉůĂŶƚƐ͕ƚŚĞƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶŽĨI. brachiata ĐŽŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐϭϵϴĞŐŐƐǁĂƐĨŽƵŶĚŽŶƚŚĞůŽǁĞƌƐŝĚĞŽĨĂŶI. ǁĂƐ ĚĞŶƐĞƌ ƚŚĂŶ ƚŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƚŚƌĞĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĂƌĞĂ brachiataůĞĂĨ;/ŵĂŐĞϯͿ͘ DŽƐƚŽĨƚŚĞĞŐŐƐǁĞƌĞƌĞĂĚLJ ŽĨ ϮϬϬŵϮ. The I. brachiata and '͘ ĞůůŝƉƟĐƵŵ are ƚŽŚĂƚĐŚĂŶĚƐŽŵĞŚĂĚĂůƌĞĂĚLJŚĂƚĐŚĞĚ͘dŚĞŶLJŵƉŚƐ ĞŶĚĞŵŝĐ ƚŽ tĞƐƚĞƌŶ 'ŚĂƚƐ ;ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ďŝŽƟŬ͘ŽƌŐͬ ĂƐǁĞůůĂƐĂĚƵůƚƐǁĞƌĞĂĐƟǀĞůLJĨĞĞĚŝŶŐŽŶƚŚĞĨƌƵŝƚƐŽĨ ŝŶĚŝĂͬƐƉĞĐŝĞƐͬŝͬŝdžŽƌďƌĂĐͬŝdžŽƌďƌĂĐͺĞŶ͘Śƚŵů ĂĐĐĞƐƐĞĚ ŽŶ I. brachiata and rachis of leaves of all the plants. Most Ϯϳ EŽǀĞŵďĞƌ ϮϬϭϰ͖ ǁǁǁ͘ďŝŽƟŬ͘ŽƌŐͬŝŶĚŝĂͬƐƉĞĐŝĞƐͬŐͬ ŽĨƚŚĞďƵŐƐŽďƐĞƌǀĞĚŽŶƉůĂŶƚƐǁĞƌĞĂĚƵůƚƐĂŶĚĂďŽƵƚ ŐůŽĐĞůůŝͬŐůŽĐĞůůŝͲĞŶ͘Śƚŵů ĂĐĐĞƐƐĞĚ ŽŶ Ϯϳ EŽǀĞŵďĞƌ ϭϱй ǁĞƌĞ ŶLJŵƉŚƐ͘ DĂŶLJ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ůŝǀĞ ĂĚƵůƚƐ ǁĞƌĞ ĂůƐŽ
Catacanthus incarnatus DĂŶͲĨĂĐĞĚ^ƟŶŬƵŐ
DATA LEAST NEAR CRITICALLY EXTINCT NOT VULNERABLE ENDANGERED EXTINCT EVALUATED DEFICIENT CONCERN THREATENED ENDANGERED IN THE WILD NE DD LC NT VU EN CR EW EX
K/͗ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĚdž͘ĚŽŝ͘ŽƌŐͬϭϬ͘ϭϭϲϬϵͬ:Ždd͘ŽϰϭϬϬ͘ϳϰϵϬͲϮͮŽŽĂŶŬ͗ƵƌŶ͗ůƐŝĚ͗njŽŽďĂŶŬ͘ŽƌŐ͗ƉƵď͗ Ϯ& ϱͲϰϯϭͲϰϵ &ͲϵϭϮͲ&ϵϬϵϵ&&Ϯϭ
ĚŝƚŽƌ͗Z͘D͘^ŚĂƌŵĂ͕;ZĞƚĚ͘Ϳ^ĐŝĞŶƟƐƚ͕ŽŽůŽŐŝĐĂů^ƵƌǀĞLJŽĨ/ŶĚŝĂ͕/ŶĚŝĂ͘ ĂƚĞŽĨƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶ͗Ϯϲ:ƵŶĞϮϬϭϱ;ŽŶůŝŶĞΘƉƌŝŶƚͿ
DĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚĚĞƚĂŝůƐ͗DƐηŽϰϭϬϬͮZĞĐĞŝǀĞĚϭϱ:ƵůLJϮϬϭϰͮ&ŝŶĂůƌĞĐĞŝǀĞĚϬϰĞĐĞŵďĞƌϮϬϭϰͮ&ŝŶĂůůLJĂĐĐĞƉƚĞĚϭϲDĂLJϮϬϭϱ
ŝƚĂƟŽŶ͗tĂŐŚŵĂƌĞ͕^͘,͕͘'͘W͘ŚĂǁĂŶĞ͕z͘:͘<ŽůŝΘ^͘D͘'ĂŝŬǁĂĚ;ϮϬϭϱͿ͘ĐĂƐĞŽĨĞdžƚĞŶƐŝǀĞĐŽŶŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶŽĨDĂŶͲĨĂĐĞĚ^ƟŶŬƵŐCatacanthus incarnatus ;ƌƵƌLJͿ;,ĞŵŝƉƚĞƌĂ͗WĞŶƚĂƚŽŵŝĚĂĞͿƚŽŐĞƚŚĞƌǁŝƚŚŶĞǁŚŽƐƚƌĞĐŽƌĚƐĨƌŽŵǁĞƐƚĞƌŶDĂŚĂƌĂƐŚƚƌĂ͕/ŶĚŝĂ. Journal of Threatened Taxaϳ;ϴͿ͗ϳϰϵϬʹϳϰϵϮ͖ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĚdž͘ĚŽŝ͘ ŽƌŐͬϭϬ͘ϭϭϲϬϵͬ:Ždd͘ŽϰϭϬϬ͘ϳϰϵϬͲϮ
ŽƉLJƌŝŐŚƚ͗ ©tĂŐŚŵĂƌĞĞƚĂů͘ϮϬϭϱ͘ƌĞĂƟǀĞŽŵŵŽŶƐƩƌŝďƵƟŽŶϰ͘Ϭ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů>ŝĐĞŶƐĞ͘:ŽddĂůůŽǁƐƵŶƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚĞĚƵƐĞŽĨƚŚŝƐĂƌƟĐůĞŝŶĂŶLJŵĞĚŝƵŵ͕ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐ- ƟŽŶĂŶĚĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶďLJƉƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐĂĚĞƋƵĂƚĞĐƌĞĚŝƚƚŽƚŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌƐĂŶĚƚŚĞƐŽƵƌĐĞŽĨƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶ͘
&ƵŶĚŝŶŐ͗h͘'͕͘͘Z^Ͳ^W/͕EĞǁĞůŚŝ.
ŽŵƉĞƟŶŐŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚƐ͗dŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌƐĚĞĐůĂƌĞŶŽĐŽŵƉĞƟŶŐŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚƐ͘
ĐŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŵĞŶƚƐ͗ƵƚŚŽƌƐĂƌĞƚŚĂŶŬĨƵůƚŽ,ĞĂĚ͕ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŽŽůŽŐLJ͕^ŚŝǀĂũŝhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕<ŽůŚĂƉƵƌĨŽƌĨĂĐŝůŝƟĞƐĂŶĚĞŶĐŽƵƌĂŐĞŵĞŶƚĂŶĚƌ͘Z͘D͘^ŚĂƌŵĂ͕ ŽŽůŽŐŝĐĂů^ƵƌǀĞLJŽĨ/ŶĚŝĂ͕WƵŶĞ͘tĞĂƌĞĂůƐŽŐƌĂƚĞĨƵůƚŽh͘'͕͘͘Z^Ͳ^W/͕EĞǁĞůŚŝĨŽƌĮŶĂŶĐŝĂůĂƐƐŝƐƚĂŶĐĞĨŽƌĮĞůĚǁŽƌŬ͘
7490 Congregation of Man-faced Stink Bug Waghmare et al.
© S. M. Gaikwad
Image 1. Aggregation of Catacanthus incarnatus - adults on I. brachiata
© S. M. Gaikwad
Figure 1. The study site, Rangana, Maharashtra, India (Source: Google Maps) observed on the ground below the tree. In the area of 200m2, 38, two, five and two individuals of I. brachiata, M. umbellatum, G. ellipticum and O. dioica respectively Image 2. Aggregation of Catacanthus incarnatus - nymphs on I. were recorded. A huge congregation of C. incarnatus brachiata was observed on I. brachiata while the remaining three plant species had comparatively fewer individuals. The maximum population of C. incarnatus was bugs were encountered (Images 4–6). However, Bhat & observed on 38 plants of I. brachiata (941 individuals) Srikumar (2013) noticed four color morphs in this bug while on two plants of M. umbellatum, five plants viz., red, orange, yellow, dark and creamy yellow. As far of G. ellipticum and two plants of O. dioica observed as population of color morphs go 792 red, 38 yellow and individuals of C. incarnatus were 13, 50 and 18 111 cream colored individuals were recorded. respectively. The total number of individuals of C. Distant (1902) recorded C. incarnatus from Mumbai incarnatus counted on 47 plants of all four species was (Bombay) only from Maharashtra, which is 14m above 1022. The range of C. incarnatus individuals per plant msl. This species is also reported by Mamlayya & Aland was 2–94. Recently, Mamlayya & Aland (2012) reported (2012) from Kolhapur about 545m above msl and Bhat aggregation of approximately 400–500 bugs on a single & Srikumar (2013) found those in Puttur, Karnataka at branch of Delonix regia in Kolhapur, Maharashtra. Bhat 87m. Now this species shows the highest elevation from & Srikumar (2013) recorded about 300 bugs on a single the previously recorded elevations for its habitat as it is cashew tree in Puttur region of Karnataka. However, recorded from Rangana Fort which is 792m. According in the present study the stink bugs were spread on to earlier reports the host plants of the C. incarnatus leaves and fruits of an entire tree in groups of 4–6 only are Anacardium occidentale (Sundararaju 1984; Bhat & but not in clusters as mentioned by Joshi et al. (2011) Srikumar, 2013) and Delonix regia (Mamlayya & Aland for Cyclopelta, Mamlayya & Aland (2012) and Bhat & 2012). The present study adds four new host plants Srikumar (2013) for Catacanthus. In C. incarnatus three for C. incarnatus: viz., I. brachiata, M. umbellatum, G. color morphs red, yellow and cream were noticed on I. ellipticum and O. dioica from Western Maharashtra, brachiata while on other plant species only red colored northern Western Ghats.
Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 June 2015 | 7(8): 7490–7492 7491 Congregation of Man-faced Stink Bug Waghmare et al.
© S. M. Gaikwad © S. M. Gaikwad
Image 3. Eggs of Catacanthus incarnatus Image 4. Red Catacanthus incarnatus
© S. M. Gaikwad © S. M. Gaikwad
Image 5. Grey Catacanthus incarnatus Image 6. Yellow Catacanthus incarnatus
References siccifolia (Westwood) (Pentatomidae: Dinidoridae). Bugs R All. 18: 2–3. Kumar, A. & N.K. Bajpai (2007). Semiochemicals: As potential tools in Bhat, P.S. & K.K. Srikumar (2013). Occurrence of Man-faced Stink pest management, pp. 181–191. In: Entomology Novel Approach. Bug, Catacanthus incarnatus Drury on cashew in Puttur region of New India Publishing Agency New Delhi. Karnataka. Current Biotica Insect Environment 19(1): 32–34. Mamlayya, A.B. & S.R. Aland (2012). Aggregation behavior of Distant, W.L. (1902). The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Catacanthus incarnatus (Drury) on Delonix regia in Kolhapur, Burma- Rhynchota- Volume I (Heteroptera). Taylor and Francis, Maharashtra. Bugs R All 19: 26. London, U.K., 438pp. Sundararaju, D. (1984). Cashew pests and their natural enemies in Dolling, W.R. (1991). The Hemiptera. Oxford University Press, Oxford, Goa. Journal of Plantation Crops 12: 38–46. 274pp. Joshi, R., G. Pathak & H.V. Ghate (2011). Photographic evidence of
heavy infestation on Millettia pinnata (Fabaceae) by Cyclopelta Threatened Taxa
7492 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 June 2015 | 7(8): 7490–7492