FEBRUARY 11, 1972 .· 25 CENTS

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE '

British occupation troops in Derry, Northern Ireland, attack Catholic demonstrators, Jan. 30. Massacre resulted in 13 civilian deaths. West Coast dockers tighten strike/24 Issues facing the abortion movement/a Is Allende's Chile going socialist?/12

VOLUME 36/NUMBER 5 Brief 'WEATHER MODIFICATION' LATEST U.S. WEAPON: into after-school work-motivation programs. Refusal to The Nixon administration has introduced a frightening participate means that a family loses $12.50 in payments THIS new kind of warfare in Indochina-using the science of per month. Currently, families receive only $0.90 per weather control for military purposes. Last March 18, person per day for food. Under the new program, if columnist Jack Anderson reported that a secret document someone in the family fails to meet one of the obliga­ WEEK'S had revealed the existence of a cloud-seeding project tions imposed, the family loses one point, dropping the Known by the code name "Intermediary-Compatriot," it food allowance to $0.70 per person per day. MILITANT has been causing undue rain and mud in areas used by 3 Militant teams relate im­ liberation forces to transport supplies. The Pentagon has RADICAL PROFESSOR FIRED AT SIU: Douglas Allen since admitted responsibility for the project Moreover, it pression of campus is an assistant professor of philosophy at Southern Illinois is possible that the unprecedented flooding that wreaked ' University in Carbondale and the faculty adviser to the mood havoc on North Vietnam last summer was at least par­ Young Socialist Alliance, the Peace Committee, and other Renewa1 drive builds tially caused by the U. S. Air Force. The Pentagon, in . campus groups. He has been fired by the Board of Trust­ YSJP, YSA response to inquiries from Senator Claiborne Pell (D-R. I.), ees, who refused to grant him tenure despite the recom­ 4 JDL hooligans in N.Y. has refused to comment on "weather modification activ­ mendations of the philosophy department and the pres­ attack ities against the North Vietnamese." Senator Pell says he ident of the university. The following reason was given What Geneva accords will conduct hearings on the subject and will propose a for this violation of academic freedom: "He (Allen) has treaty to ban "all forms of geophysical and environmental been divisive on campus. . . . That a man has a right meant to lndocnina warfare." to freedom of speech, this is true. At the same time, how 5 Democratic 'doves' have freedom of speech is used is also important" no answer to Nixon SOLIDARITY WITH' ZIMBABWE: African students and Allen is well known at SIU for his opposition to the 8 Issues facing abortion U. S. supporters picketed the British Consulate in San Center for Vietnamese Studies, part of the U.S. war ef­ movement Francisco Jan. 25, demanding an end to white-settler fort. Massive protests against SID's complicity with the 10 Gonzales jailed on foke rule in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) and an end to police at­ war were carried out during May 1970. It was that fall when the Board of Trustees first attempted to drive Allen charge tacks on Blacks protesting the British attempt to continue white minority rule there. off campus. Chicano students score A statement was read· by a representative of the Zim­ As matters now stand, Allen's job will be terminated victory babwe African National Union (ZANU), which con­ in June. The American Civil Liberties Union has taken 12 Can Chilean popular demned the British as responsible for the killings of African the case and a defense committee is being formed. To front achieve socialism? demonstrators. It demanded the recall of the British Com­ obtain further information and to support this effort, Election defeats pose mission now in Zimbabwe; release of all political prison­ write: Doug Allen Defense Committee, University Park, Wright III, Room 110, Carbondale, Ill. 62901. crisis for Allende ers, including ZANU President N. Sithole; an end to the ban on that organization; suspension of the present and 14 Pulley tours Ohio; proposed Rhodesian constitution; and a referendum on DANIEL BERRIGAN WINS PAROLE: In response to SWP files petitions the basis of one person, one vote. a vigorous campaign demanding parole for Reverend 15 Jenness-Steinem ex­ Daniel J. Berrigan, the U.S. Board of Parole has an­ change in l. A. SPffiO MADE HONORARY MOLE: Vice-president Agnew nounced that he will be released Feb. 24. Berrigan's 16 Protest political jailings recently spoke to the Moles, a national association of health has deteriorated during the more than two years in Argentina construction workers. He defended U. S. war poliCies and he has been in federal prison. He was slapped with a three-year sentence for burning draft records in protest 2,500 in N.Y. Irish sol­ denounced the Democratic Party aspirants to the pres­ idency for their "reckless partisan rhetoric." He called against the war in Vietnam. idarity action for unity "in which politics stops, both overseas and 17 Chicago Black leaders here at home, where national interest begins." Agnew NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN ASSASSINATION PLOT: and the Hanrahan af­ was rewarded with a certificate designating him an hon­ Revelations continue to emerge about the plot to assas­ fair orary Mole. sinate Chicano farm-worker leader Cesar Chavez. The 18 Bureaucrats refuse to \' United Farmworkers Organizing Committee has disclosed challenge wage controls MALCOLM X ON TAPE: This month marks the seventh that John Tudor, identified by a former police informer year since the· assassination of Malcolm X. A tape re­ as the man who delivered a bag of money to pay for Red-baiting attack on 19 cording suitable for memorial meetings is available. It the assassination, has left the country. Tudor is related· lordstown workers contains selected speeches by, and interviews with, Mal­ to one of the g:mwers in the Delano, Calif., area. The: 21 Ex-agent reveals FBI colm X, as well as memorial speeches by Jack Barnes, man allegedly hired to assassinate Chavez, Gene ·Ptoch­ methods national organization secretary of the Socialist Workers nau, is on trial in Visalia, Calif., on chatges :of m.utder­ 24 West Coast dockers Party, and George Breitman, editor of Malcolm X Speaks ing a person involved in a ring of trailer thieves. He · tighten strike - and author of The Last Year of Malcolm X. has been described by federal officials as "a professional The speeches by Malcolm include "Prospects for Free­ Massive protests against assassin." dom in 1965," "Malcolm X on WBAI" (interview), and Despite these and other revelations substantiating the massacre in N. Ireland "What's Behind the Harlem 'Hate Gang' Scare?" The charge that there has been a plot to kill Chavez, no entire set is available on two- or four-track extended play action has been taken by the federal government since 2 In Brief tape for $14 (two-track), or $6.50 (four-track). Order an investigation by the Internal Revenue Service's Fire­ 6 In Our Opinion from National Tape Service, 14 Charles Lane, New York, arms, Tobacco, and Alcohol Control division was called Letters N.Y. 10014. off last fall. 7 The Great Society Leonard Woodcock; president of the United Auto Work­ AFT LOCAL ENDORSES YOUNG SOCIALIST: Alan Women: The Insurgent ers, announced Jan. 26 that the California UAW is add­ Wald, Young Socialist candidate for student senate at the ing $10,000 to the reward fund for information leading Majority University of California at Berkeley, has been endorsed to the arrest and conviction of those involved in this 11 La Raza en Acci6n by American Federation of Teachers Local 1507. This plot He also joined the farm workers union in demand­ 14 '72 Socialist Campaign local was organized during the 1964 Free Speech Move­ ing a federal investigation. 19 The National Picket Line ment and has a long record of political activity. It rep­ 20 In Review resents instructors, teaching assistants and associates, re­ THE FREE WORLD: The military dictatorship in Greece search assistants and readers, plus non-student academic is distributing a list of "Communist and Antigovernment" research assistants in more than 35 departments and books to intimidate Greek bookstores. Censorship was institutes. Wald is a teaching assistant and shop steward. supposedly lifted in 1970, but all "antigovernment" writ­ He is running as part of the Young Socialist slate, com­ ings are still banned. The list of 124 books includes the posed of supporters of the Jenness-Pulley presidential cam­ "anti-American" Pentagon Papers, and Norman Mailer's paign. Armies of the Night, which is said to represent "Trotsky­ THE MILITANT ism." Leon Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution VOLUME 36/NUMBER 5 DEMONSTRATION PROTESTS 'WORK-INCENTIVE': has "Trotskyist content" Playwright Peter Weiss is said FEBRUARY 11,,..1-972 About 300 angry welfare recipients demonstrated Jan. 18 to be a Trotskyist for one work and a New Leftist for CLOSING NEWS DATE- FEB. 2, 1972 outside the Bayridge Social Services Center in New York another. Political sophistication may be lacking, but the City. The demonstration was organized by the South intent of this list is clear: civil liberties will not be al­ Brooklyn-Bayridge Coalition to protest the implementa­ lowed in this bastion of the "free world." Editor: MARY-ALICE WATERS tion of the so-called "Incentives for Independence" or Managing Editor: DOUG JENNESS "Brownie Point" program. New York officials, in conjunc­ NEW YSA POSTERS: "Write Women Back into History" Business Manager: SHARON -CABANISS Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING tion with the Health, Education, and Welfare Department, is the theme of a special set of posters now available want to test the program on the people of South Brooklyn from the Young Socialist Alliance. The four posters are Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., before they implement it statewide. of Louise Michel, a French revolutionist; Lucretia Mott, 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. I 0014. Phone: Ed­ According to Militant reporter Jim Little, the demon­ a leading abolitionist and suffragist; Ida B. Wells, Black itorial Office 1212) 243-6392; Business Office 1212) 929-3486. stration was militant and well organized. A majority of suffragist and civil rights leader; and Virginia Woolf, Southwest Bureau: 1107 1/2 N. Western Ave., los the demonstrators were Black and Puerto Rican women. British feminist writer. The posters come inside a folder Angeles, Calif. 90029. Phone 1213) 463-1917. They carried signs in Spanish and English calling for that lists some of the women who have made important Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub­ "Jobs for All," "End the Brownie Point System," and contributions to human progress. scription: domestic, $6 a year; foreign, S7.50. By first­ class mail: domestic and Canada, $22; all other coun­ "Free Community-controlled Child-care Centers." This series of women's history posters is available for tries, $24. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, The new program is really forced labor at rock-bottom $2 per set for fewer than 20, and 60 cents per set for $26; Latin America and Europe, S40; Africa, Australia, wages. It is designed to further exploit the most oppressed 20 or more. To order, write the YSA near you, or YSA, Asia (including USSR), SSO. Write for sealed air post­ P. 0. Box 4 71, Cooper Station, New York, N.Y. 1000B. age rates. and to drive people off welfare without necessarily pro­ Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily viding jobs. For exafllple, young people can be forced -JOEL BRITTON represent The Militant1 s views. These are expressed in editorials.

2 Militant sub team sellers relate impressions of campus mood Renewal By LEE SMITH Debby Woodroofe sold 1,004 sub­ out on the actions, they hadn't heard I· was able to talk to some of the scriptions during nine weeks on the that there were going to be demon­ drive people who participated in the four Mid-Atlantic team, which traveled strations in 17 cities Nov. 6. When national subscription sales teams dur­ through upstate New York, Pennsyl­ they found out about how the com­ ing last fall's successful s~bscription vania, West Virginia, Kentucky, and mercial media had suppressed this builds drive. I asked them for their impres­ Tennessee. She said her team .also news, they got even angrier." sions of the mood on campuses across encountered the phenomenon de­ According to Woodroofe, some stu­ the country and how The Militant was scribed by Salner. "For example, on dents on campuses where there was YSJP, received. some of the campuses the sororities little organized activity immediately Steve Bloom, who sold 312 sub­ functioned as women's liberation understood that The Militant could· scriptions on campuses in Texas and groups. We also ran into several cam­ act as an organizing vehicle on their YSA Louisiana during three weeks with the pus ACL U c:lJ.apters that played a campuses because of its national news By MIKE LUX Southwest team, opened the discussion. role something like the old SDS cam­ and its analysis of the antiwar, worn~ Ninety-three new readers of The Mil­ He said that "The radical sentiment pus chapters. They were more than en's liberation, and other movements. itant renewed their subscriptions last that exists often lacks a coherent form ACL U groups- they were political or­ The six team members didn't see week, bringing the total to 235 re­ of organized expression, but the inter­ ganizers- but that was the form they much evidence of organized right-wing newals so far. est in radical political ideas is higher took. groups, such as Young Americans for In addition to increasing the long­ than ever." "Wh.en we did find organized groups, Freedom, on the campuses they term circulation of The Militant, areas Bloom and the others I talked to they were most often Black, women's, visited. The closest thing to an or­ working on the renewal drive are ob­ ranked the Attica rebellion, the cam­ or gay groups. Of course, they were ganized right-wing, they all said, were taining endorsements for the 1972 So­ paign to free Angela Davis and the usually smaller than the sentiment ac­ the "Jesus freaks." Chertov said that cialist Workers Party election cam­ fight by women for the right to abor­ tually provided a base for." "Many of these 'Jesus people' quite paign, finding people who want to tion as the three issues firing "virtual­ Terry Hillman, who sold 731 sub­ consciously counterpose themselves to learn more about socialism, and dis­ ly universal concern" on campuses scriptions while she was on the South­ radical or antiwar activity, as an al­ covering subscribers who want to join this fall. ern team, and Salner agreed that they ternative 'revolution.'" She said that at the Young Socialist Alliance. Dave Salner, whcwtraveled with the found Black, women's and gay one campus in the Southwest, they Southern subscription team through groups on campus more often than were distributing religious tracts at a Kim Allen, renewal• drive director Virginia, North and South Carolina, they found antiwar groups, although table beneath a banner reading "The in Los Angeles, reports that in the Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and they encountered almost no one who Permanent Revolution." course of visiting the first 17 sub­ Louisiana sold 903 subscriptions. He supported the war. Eva Chertov, who There was virtually no red-baiting, scribers, 10 people endorsed the Jen­ agreed with Bloom that there was a sold 485 stibscriptions traveling with according to the sub sellers. In fact, ness-Pulley campaign, nine renewed lack of organized expression of radi­ the Western team through California, said Sally Moore, who sold 602 sub­ their subscriptions, and three asked cal sentiment. "The radicalization Arizona, New Mexico, Kansas, and scriptions on the Mid-Atlantic team, to be called for the next YSA meeting. tended to express itself through the Missouri, also agreed but added that "it was just the opposite. People would "We ran into the coordinator of the forms that did exist on campus-es­ "in the Southwest, every campus has bring up Russia and China and Cuba, McGovern campaign at Occidental pecially through student governments. a Chicano organization of some kind, not to bait, but because they were College, who agreed to debate a and newspapers." Salner mentioned even where there are very few Chi­ genuinely interested in finding out Young Socialist for Jenness and Pul­ the experience at North Carolina Cen­ cano students at a school." more about these societies, about what ley. He was a roommate of a sub­ tral University, a predominately Chertov said the relative lack of a planned economy would mean in scriber. One subscriber renewed, and Black school, where the student news­ antiwar organizations on campus was this country." she and four other roommates and ' paper was fighting the administra­ one of the things that brought home Moore said that on the rare occa­ friends endorsed the campaign. One tion's attempt to censor it "because to her the importance of increasing sions when she did run into red-bait­ team sold a joint renewal to The Mil­ the editors had advocated Black con­ the circulation of The Militant. "I kept ing from a student, it usually worked itant and the International Socialist trol of the school in order to use it running into people," Chertov said, to her advantage. Students listening Review, three introductory Militant as an organizing base in the struggle "who were angry as hell about the to us debate reactionaries often bought subs, two Hoio to Make a Revolu­ · for Black liberation." war. But because of the media black- Continued on page 22 tion in the U. S. by Peter Camejo, and got two campaign endorsers­ all from seeing two subscribers!"

Meg Bursaw and• Chris Raysonfrom Oakland-Berkeley sent in an encour­ aging report. Of 51 new readers vis­ WbatNbon ited last week, eight renewed for one year and two renewed for six months. This is a 20 percent renewal rate. doesn't tell JOU In addition, two one-year ISR renew­ als and five introductory subs to the about his ''New ISR or The Militant• were sold. Since it is often difficult to find sub- scribers at home, some areas have .. Economic Polley~.. made "Militant calling cards," which they leave at the door with informa­ tion on who came by, where they can be reached, when they will re­ turn, and on coming events such as forums and classes. !be Militant does. Small Militant letterheads (5" x 8") can be obtained from the business office to use for mimeographing local RENEW NOW calling cards. Also, attractive bro­ chures describing the free book offer While the Nixon administration and the Con­ are available on request. These ma­ gress are stabbing the dock workers in the terials can be ordered from the Mil­ back for defending their standard of living, Free book oHer itant Business Office, 14 Charles Lane, public transportation fares are raised. When With a one year renewal to The Militant you New York, N.Y. 10014. phone workers in New York go out on strike, can choose any one of the following books at they are told their demands are inflationary-­ no extra cost: The geographic• expansion of The yet the Price Commission allows a 9 percent ( ) 1. BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY by Malcolm Militant is being reflected in the re­ increase in the telephone rates. Nixon promised X. newal campaign as readers who were to lower unemployment, but we have seen the ( ) 2. PROBLEMS OF WOMEN'S LIBERATION reached by the national sales teams official rate remain above 6 percent, while by Evelyn Reed. in the fall are now beginning to re­ prices continue to rise. Nixon said wages cause ( ) 3. TWO PAMPHLETS ON THE LABOR subscribe. One reader from Charlottes­ inflation--The Militant showed how inflation is MOVEMENT: The Revolutionary Potential of ville, Va., writes, "Enclosed is $6 for caused by war spending. The Militant supports the Working Class by Ernest Mandel and George one year of The Militant. The book the struggles of the American workers against Novack; and Leon Trotsky on the Trade Unions. I wish to receive is Their Morals and the wage controls. Renew now so you'll be ( ) 4. Gis SPEAK OUT AGAINST THE WAR' Ours. . . . Meanwhile, keep up the able to read The Militant every week. by Frefl Halstead. good work. Yours is the best radical ( ) 5. INTRODUCTION TO MARXIST ECONOM­ newspaper I have yet read." ( ) Enclosed is $6 for a one-year subscription. IC THEORY by Ernest Mandel. ------­ ( ) 6. THREE PAMPHLETS ON THE CHICANO The free book most• often requested Name ______STRUGGLE: Chicano Liberation and Revolution­ is Ernest Mandel's Introduction to Address______~------ary Youth; La Raza Unida Party in Texas; Marxist Economic Theory. and La Raza! Why a Chicano Party? C~ ty______-'- State _____ Zip __ Why Chicano Studies? If your subscription• has expired but The Militant, 14 Charles Lane, N.Y., N.Y. ( ) 7. THEIR MORALS AND OURS by Leon Trot­ no one has visited you, don't wait­ 10014. sky, John Dewey, and George Novack. renew now by clipping the ad on this page and sending it in to The Militant.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11 I 1972 3 JDL .What·the Geneva Accords hooligans meant to southeast Asia in N.Y. By DICK ROBERTS early elections. . . . Chou agreed to intervene with the Point four of President Nixon's eight demands for a "settle­ Viet Minh and ask them to speed up negotiations." ment" of the war in Southeast Asia states: "Both sides Washington had no intentions of abiding by any agree­ attack will respect the 1954 Geneva agreements on Indochina ments made at Geneva. This is fully documented by the By ARTHUR HUGHES and those of 1962 on Laos. There will be no foreign Pentagon Papers. For example, on July 7, 1954, Dulles NEW YORK- The reactionary Jewish intervention in the Indochinese countries, and the Indo­ cabled the U.S. official in Geneva: Defense 'League broke up a mass chinese peoples will be left to settle their own affairs by "Since undoubtedly true that elections might .eventually meeting of the District No. 1 School themselves." mean unification Viet~am under Ho Chi Minh this makes Board of Manhattan's Lower East Side Why does Nixon invoke the 1954 and 1962 Geneva it all more important they should be only held as long on Jan. 26. Seven hundred people from Accords? Would new agreements of this type really guar­ after cease-fire agreement as possible.... We believe im­ the Puerto Rican, Black, and Chinese antee the Indochinese people against continued U. S. inter­ portant that no date should be set now and especially communities had gathered at Public vention? that no conditions should be accepted by French which School 19 to voice support for their TP.e Geneva Conference in mid-1954 was convened by would have direct or indirect effect of preventing effective right to take control of the schools in the United States, France, Britain, Russia, China, and international supervision of agreement ensuring political the district. More than 90 percent of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam to negotiate a settle­ as well as military guarantee.... the students in the district come from ment of the revolutionary war that had raged in Indo­ "We consider 'respect' as strong a word as we can pos­ these oppressed nationalities. china since the end of World War II. The French forces, sibly employ in the circumstances to indicate our posi­ The 45 Zionist hooligans, chanting suffering a grave defeat at the battle of Dienbienphu in tion with respect to such arrangements as French may "Never again" and carrying an Israeli April and May of 1954, were near to losing control of evolve ..." flag, took over the speaker's platform Vietnam. During the Geneva meeting, CIA agents under General and prevented the meeting from contin­ U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles attempted Edward Lansdale were carrying out sabotage operations uing. They provoked a violent confron­ to persuade Paris and London to sponsor a joint escala­ around Hanoi. tation with members of several Puerto tion of the counterrevolutionary war. But neither these The 1954 accords consequently paved the way for the Rican community groups. When the foreign powers nor the U.S. Congress would support reescalation of the counterrevolutionary war by the Ken­ fight boiled over into the street, the po­ such a move. Richard Nixon; then vice-president, even nedy and Johnson administrations in the 1960s. What lice arrested two Puerto Ricans, even made a "trial balloon" speech calling for unilateral U.S. was required to launch this massive U. S. bombing and though they were informed oftheJDL's intervention. This speech, given only one year after the troop attack on Vietnam was a pro-imperialist regime intentions at the meeting. No JDLers end of the unpopular Korean war, brought an overwhelm­ in Saigon. This the 1954 Geneva Accords provided. The were arrested. ing outcry of opposition from the American people. Pentagon Papers detail the steps taken between 1954 and It is now clear thattheJDL has joined Dulles and his French and British cohorts were forced 1961 for Washington to build up a military base in South forces with the white school board mi­ to the bargaining table. But at Geneva they were able Vietnam and to stabilize the Saigon dictatorship. nority, the leadership of the United Fed­ to obtain through negotiations what they had been un­ eration of Teachers, and the Italian­ able to obtain on the battlefield: a continued outpost for American Civil Rights League to pre­ imperialj.<;m in Indochina. 1962 Geneva Accords vent Puerto Rican, Black, and Chinese This diplomatic victory was enhanced by the treach­ In the 1962 accords, a coalition government was im­ posed on Laos resulting directly from summit talks be­ control of the schools in the area. erous policies of Moscow and Peking. Publicly pretending Although white voters are still a maj­ to support the Vietnamese revolutionaries, Moscow and tween Kennedy and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev in Vienna, June 3-4. Unlike Vietnam, where the country ority of the registered voters in this dis­ Peking actually subordinated the revolution to their goal was divided, Laos was to be ruled by a "neutralist" gov­ trict, most of them are older residents of achieving "peaceful coexistence" with world imperialism. with no children in the schools. Puerto The present premier of China, Chou En-lai, was Peking's ernment including Pathet Lao representatives. But this Ricans make up 70 percent; Blacks, delegate at Geneva, and he played a prominent role in formation also served as a screen for continued U.S. 16 percent; and Chinese, 6 percent of bending the Viet Minh to accept the imperialists' terms. military operations against the revolutionary movement, ·the school population. Yet non-parents This has been thoroughly documented by the Pentagon The CIA never ceased to supply and support the reac­ mobilized by the teachers union leader­ Papers, released in 12 volumes by the Armed Services tionary Royal Lao armed forces, which carried out a ship elected the school board. Committee of the U.S. House of Representatives. coup against the "neutralist" regime. In addition, the CIA The reactionary forces have lost There were three essential gains for the imperialists used AID (Agency for International Development) as a their majority on the school board at Geneva: front for building "its own" mercenary army of Meo Hill through resignations and defections. 1) The agreement on the 17th parallel as a demarca­ tribesmen. The large secret headquarters of the CIA at But the three remaining white members tion line for the regroupment of military forces. This Long Tieng, subjected to attack last month by the lib­ of the board boycotted this meeting as did not divide the country into two nations, a North eration forces, were built long before President Johnson they have boycotted others in the past, thereby blocking a "legal" quorum. The white secretary of the board claimed they were absent this time because they had received reports that the Young Lords, a Puerto Rican group, were going to take over the meeting. This false accusation led one of the Puerto Rican board members to state that there was collusion between the white minority and the JDL to prevent the functioning of the board. In previous mass meetings, in par­ ticular one held Jan. 19 at Junior High School 22, the antagonism against the white board members and the UFT leadership has focused on the question of the two vacancies on the board. According to the bylaws of the board, The 1954 Geneva Conference partitions Indochina a five-vote majority of the full nine and South, as the imperialists would later claun to justify escalated the war against Vietnam in 1965. members must be obtained to pass their aggression. But it did give Washington what it most In the seven years since 1964 that Washington claimed any resolution, whether or not the of all needed: a section of the country occupied and con­ to be bombing the so-called "Ho Chi Minh Trail"-and board has any vacancies or absent trolled by pro-imperialist military forces. Nixon is still doing this today- U. S. bombs were ac­ members. 2) The agreement to postpone for two years the elec­ tually devastating the regions of Laos controlled by the The UFT leadership has used this tions for "reunifying" Vietnam. This would allow the impe­ Pathet Lao. Under the 1962 Geneva Accords, consequent­ minority veto power to prevent rising rialists sufficient breathing space to entrench their puppet ly, the Pentagon militarists carried out the heaviest bomb­ community militancy from gaining regime in Saigon and to eventually refuse 'to hold the ing of any country in history. any more expression on the board. elections. Thus Nixon's invoking of the Geneva Accords means The board's chairwoman, one of the 3) The agreement to maintain capitalist governments just the opposite of his hypocritical claim of ending for­ three whites on the board, has used in Laos and Cambodia,· with only two provinces of Laos eign intervention in Indochina. It means that Washing­ the rules to turn meetings into a cha­ allowed for the regroupment of the Pathet Lao revolution­ ton is seeking a new division of Indochina that will allow rade of democracy. Even prior to the ary forces and no territory at all for the Khmer Rouge the imperialists to stay there. In this pursuit, Nixon counts JDL disruption, principals, teachers, forces in Cambodia. heavily on Chinese and Russian cooperation. This is and members of the Italian-American one of the things he hopes to accomplish on his scheduled Civil Rights League clapped and Chou's role in obtaining these agreements is indicated trips to Peking and Moscow. hooted down residents attempting to in the following description from the Pentagon Papers Understanding these ingredients of Nixon's demands testify in favor of filling the vacancies of a secret conversation between Chou and French Pre­ for war "settlement" is vital to the antiwar movement. with community representatives. The mier Mendes-France on June 24, 1954. "Chou said that he It emphasizes the need for the antiwar movement to con­ addition of the JDL to the reactionary recognized that there were now two governments in the tinue its pressure for immediate and total withdrawal forces is only the latest and most out­ territory of Vietnam, the Viet Minh government and the of U.S. military forces from Southeast Asia. For the rageous attack against the Puerto Vietnamese (Saigon] government. . . . Chou clearly ac­ central lesson of the 1954 and 1962 Geneva agreements Rican, Black, 'and Chinese communi­ cepted . . . the French thesis that there should be two is precisely that the counterrevolutionary war will con­ ties in the course of this struggle. phases: first military and second political, to the eventual tinue as long as the imperialists maintain their military settlement of Vietnam. . . . Chou ... did not press for base.

4 . ~ .... -.. April22 protest DemocratiC 'cloves' set for have no answer to L.A~ LOS ANGELES, Jan. 29- In the Nixon ·peace plan· wake of President Nixon's eight-point By CAROLINE LUND again, not because it violated the Viet­ ican prisoners of war before the. U. S. ultimatum, preparations are being es­ According to columnists Evans and namese right to self-determination but . would stop the slaughter and get out calated for April 22 West, the large Novak, on the evening of Jan. 25, because similar proposals have al­ of Vietnam: Furthermore, he concedes antiwar demonstration set for Los An­ before he presented his new "peace ready been rejected by the Vietnamese. that "free elections" and a cease-fire geles this spring. Nixon's speech has plan," President Nixon told White are "reasonable" demands and only convinced many people of the neces­ House aides and legislative leaders Senator McGovern differs with Nixon in thinking that sity for a significant action around privately: "What I'm going to say in Senator george McGovern expressed it is "futile" to try to convince the Viet­ the demand for immediate and total my speech is an answer to reasonable the opinion that the proposal would namese to accept them. U. S. withdrawal from Indochina. people with reasonable doubts about not be accepted by the Vietnamese Kennedy accepts Nixon's assump­ A statement read over the radio by how to end the war, but it is not an because it did not set a fixed date tion that elections held under the Thieu National Peace Action Coalition co­ answer to those demanding total for withdrawal of all troops. McGov­ government apparatus would be "free." ordinator John T. Williams declared: American surrender." ern also stated, according to the Jan. How could they be free when Thieu's "At best Nixon's statement is a stall­ The Democratic Party "doves" in 26 New York Times: "At the same lieutenants would control the army, ing move, and one that plays a cruel Congress have behaved like "reason­ time Mr. Ni'xon was bitterly opposed the government bureaucracy, the in­ hoax on the prisoners and their fam­ able people." As the Jan. 27 New York to the McGovern-Hatfield proposal to ternal police and the press, and when ilies. It means that the bombing will Times noted: "In general ... the crit­ end the war, he was at the very same the U. S.-subsidized Operation Phoenix continue, that the U. S. will continue ics who have largely set the tone for time offering it to the other side." Thus takes care of all dissenters, imprison­ to finance and arm the Thieu dicta­ the Vietnam debate in the Senate en­ he admits that the proposal he helped ing or assassinating them? torship, and that U. S. troops will re­ dorsed the basic approach in the pres­ initiate in 1970-the Hatfield-McGov­ With his proposal Nixon has tem­ main in Indochina." ident's proposal, while expressing res­ ern Amendment- in no way contra­ porarily taken the steam out of his The NPAC West Coast steering com­ ervations about details and remaining dicted the basic aims of Nixon's pro­ critics in Congress and in the pres­ mittee met at California State Univer­ skeptical that it would be acceptable posal- to assert the right of the U. S. idential race. He has demonstrated sity at Los Angeles on Jan. 22. After to the other side." to remain in Vietnam and to dictate that for all their talk about "with­ a spirited discussion the committee This is one of the goals Nixon the political future of South Vietnam. drawal" and "ending the war" the voted unanimously to hold the West wanted to accomplish- to silence, or The Hatfield-McGovern Amendment doves basically agree with him that · Coast action in Los Angeles, the third at least blunt, criticism of his war was proposed during the student up­ the U.S. should not immediately with­ largest city in the country, instead policy from Congress and from the surge of May 1970 when U.S. troops draw but should extract as many con­ of San Francisco, where it has usually Democratic presidential contenders. invaded Cambodia. It set December . ditions as it can from the Vietnamese Nixon's proposal was that the·u. S. 1971 as a deadline for withdrawal liberation forces. Student antiwar conference would withdraw its troops from South of U. S. troops from Vietnam, except But while Nixon may have silenced The national student antiwar con­ Vietnam ·in return for an "internation­ in case of an "unanticipated clear and the "doves" for awhile, there are a ference, open to all who are op­ ally-supervised" cease-fire through­ present danger." great many Americans Nixon would out Indochina and "internationally su­ Still another prominent "dove," Sen­ consider "unreasonable people"­ posed to the war in Indochina, pervised" elections in South Vietnam, ate majority leader Mike Mansfield Americans who think the U. S. has will meet in New York City Feb. as well as return of American prison­ (D-Mont.) hailed Nixon's plan as a no right whatsoever to be in Vietnam. 25-27 to make plans for spring ers of war and several other condi­ "long step forward," and urged North A Nov. 8 Harris poll reported that antiwar actions culminating in tions. Included in his presentation of Vietnam to give "the most serious con­ Americans favor by 2 to 1 "getting demonstrations in New York and the proposal was a strong threat of sideration" to the president's proposal. completely out" of Vietnam by May Los Angeles on April 22. Spon­ escalation of the air war if the Viet­ Mansfield noted the similarity of of 1972. Fifty-five percent opposed sored by the Student Mobilization namese did not accept his plan. Nixon's proposal to his own Mans­ leaving a "residual" force of 50,000, The response of the "doves" to Nix­ field Amendment, adopted three times even if this meant the Communists Committee to End the War in on's proposal has shown that these by the Senate last year. would win. And 70 percent opposed Vietnam, the conference y.-ill be Democrats- including the Democratic Senator Humphrey's response was continuing the $1-billion a year mil- held at Washington Irving High presidential contenders- do not sup­ School, 40 Irving Place {one block port the right of Vietnam to self-de­ north of 74th St., one block east termination. They do .uot challenge of Union Square}. The schedule the right of the U. S. to "negotiate" includes a national Indochina the future of Vietnam. All of them agree that the U. S. should place some m. on teach-in at 7:30 p. Feb. 25. conditions on the Vietnamese- wheth­ The conference sessions will be­ er it is release of prisoners of war, a gin 70 a.m. on Feb. 26. For fur­ cease-fire, or "internationally super­ thur information on housing and vised" elections. If they disagree with registration, contact: SMC, 750 Nixon, it is only over how many Fifth Ave., Room 91 7, New York, conditions the U. S. can get away with N.Y. 1001 7. Telephone: {212}. imposing on the Vietnamese. · Senator Edmund Muskie, the Demo­ 741-1960. cratic front-runner, called Nixon's Democratic Party 'doves' Humphrey, Muskie, Bayh, and McGovern. been held. Except for the Chicano proposal "a welcome initiative," ac­ Moratorium in August 1970, no na­ cording to the Jan. 27 New York Despite their 'antiwar' rhetoric, they support U.S. imperialism's aims tional antiwar demonstrations have Times, and urged "the other side to in Southeast Asia.* been held here. The steering commit­ respond positively." The Jan. 26 New York Times reports that Muskie stated that Nixon "on balance had presented itary aid to the Saigon government, tee felt that holding the action here a constructive proposal" that "offers even if that meant a Communist vic­ would provide a good opportunity he doubted the Vietnamese would ac­ cept a cease-fire but added, "It is re­ a platform for negotiations if North tory. to bring new forces into the antiwar Vietnam wants to negotiate." The families of American prisoners ' movement. assuring that we are at last proposing by a date certain, to withdraw all Most critical 6f Nixon's proposal of war are another segment of the In view of the police attacks on has been presidential "non-candidate" population that is becoming more and some L.A. demonstrations in the past, our forces in Vietnam." Senator J. W. Fulbright (D-Ark.), Senator Edward Kennedy, who is re­ more outspoken for immediate with­ most notably the Chicano Moratori­ ported in the Jan. 27 New York Times drawal as the hollowness of Nixon's um, it was decided that monitoring who has long had an image of op­ position to the war, characterized Nix­ as saying: peace promises is exposed. would be carefully prepared to insure "We do not need an eight-point .plan a peaceful, nonconfrontational demon­ on's proposal as "fair and generous." "It ought to be accepted," he said, "but to end the war. All we need is a one­ The Jan. 31 Christian &ience Moni­ stration. point plan- a complete withdrawal of tor interviewed three wives of ·POWs An April 22 West Committee was I doubt that it will be. If not accepted, I still think we should move out." American ground, sea and air forces who were formerly staunch Nixon set up, which is open to all groups by a date certain, in exchange for supporters. The Monitor reports, "All and active individuals interested in Both Muskie and Fulbright put the a return of our pris~:mers. So long three are ready now to vote for any building the demonstration. It will onus on the Vietnamese for not ac­ as we try to condition our withdrawal candidate of any party who will vow make the decisions as to the route cepting the proposal, rather than di­ on things like free elections, a cease­ to halt the war immediately and to and site of the march and rally, and recting their criticisms at Nixon for fire, or any of the other trappings get out of Vietnam, period." the selection of speakers. The Out Now continuing the war and attempting to disclosed last night, reasonable as The only presidential candidates Coalition, which was the central or­ determine the political future of South they may seem, we shall be pursuing who represent the desires of the major­ ganizer of the Nov. 6 demonstration Vietnam. the same blind alley in public nego­ ity of Americans on the Vietnam issue here, will become a member of the Senator John Sherman Cooper (R­ tiations that we have followed with are the candidates of the Socialist April22 West Committee. Ky.), a sponsor of the 1979 Cooper­ such futility in private." Workers Party- Linda Jenness. and . The April 22 West Committee is lo­ Church Amendment to prohibit Amer­ If we look underneath the dema­ Andrew Pulley. They are the only can­ cated at 111 N. Vermont, Los An­ ican military involvement in Laos and gogy, Kennedy's position is basically didates who favor immediate and un­ geles, Calif. Telephone (213) 487- Cambodia, said he thought Nixon's similar to that of the rest of the doves. conditional withdrawal from Indo­ 6463. proposal "fair and just." Senator His position is not a "one-point plan." china as the only just solution for/ Frank Church ( D- Idaho) expressed He says that the Vietnamese must ac­ the Vietnamese, the American G Is, and his "disappointment" at the proposal~ cept the condition of releasing Amer- the prisoners of war.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11, 1972 5 In Our Opinion Letters Red-baiting in the women's origins of the oppression of women is available in a resolution entitled movement "Toward a Mass Feminist Move­ I would like to respond to Carol ment" The resolution, adopted by I!Bioody Sunday' Lipman's article "Red-baiting in the delegates to the SWP convention in women's movement," which appeared August 1971, was published in the The outrageous attack on unarmed civilians by British occupation forces in the Jan. 28 issue of The Militant. November 1971 issue of the Inter­ in Derry on Sunday, Jan. 30, is another bloody chapter in the long, First of all, I agree with Carol national Socialist Review. To obtain bitter history of English rule in Ireland. This ..Bloody Sunday" must that 'What is underneath this red­ this issue of the ISR, send 50 cents baiting are differences over political be condemned by all those who support the just struggle of oppressed to: ISR, 14 Charles Lane, New perspectives for the women's move­ York, N.Y. 10014. people to control their own lives. ment" I have attended many dis­ The massive mobilization of the oppressed Catholic minority of North­ cussions and speakouts against the ern Ireland has been around the most elementary democratic and Socialist Workers Party and Young human rights: one person, one vote; no discrimination in employment Socialist Alliance to listen to wom­ Portugal or housing; and no imprisonment without charge or trial. The savage en's objections in order to under­ The flood of printers ink resulting repression against this mobilization shows a~ too clearly the reaction­ stand their perspective. But like from Nixon's present cyclonic diplo­ ary character of the pro-imperialist government in Northern Ireland. Carol, I have found that in many macy has failed to describe some But the nationalist struggle of the Irish people, which has gone on instances, rather than explicitly out­ of the more sinister aspects of the for more than 300 years, will not be stifled by the murderous attacks lining their goals and objections to super-statesman's cosmo-politics. SWP/YSA, too many women "con­ of ,the Protestant police and the British army. The response of the op­ Washington's choice of diplomatic centrate on trying to appeal to the mediators has resulted in political pressed Catholic minority in Northern Ireland will be, in Bernadette fear of socialist manipulation." I Devlin's words, .. to continue the struggle to end this savagery." and material support for neofascist find this not only politically incor­ regimes seeking to crush national The repressive legislation, particularly the Special Powers Act under rect but a great source of indecision, which internment has been implemented, must be done away with. The liberation struggles. frustration, and confusion. For a decade the Portuguese gov­ special police used against the Catholic communities must be abolished. I don't like the red-baiting I have ernment, along with the racist gov­ seen, and can understand why The population of all Ireland must be permitted the right to choose ernments of Rhodesia and South Af­ for itself, without interference from English imperialism, whether it wants many women in the SWP and YSA rica, has been universally con­ to continue the present division or whether it wants a single, unit~d feel personally hurt and defensive. demned and diplomatically quaran­ I have chosen the women's move­ Ireland. tined for its repressive policies at ment as my lifestyle and will defend The British occupation troops, who are in IDster to prop up the home and colonial wars in Angola, it until someone can prove me Guinea and Mozambique. By select­ hated Stormont government and preserve the privileged status of the wrong. The pseudosisterly antics of ing Portuguese territory for the Protestant loyalists, must be immediately withdrawn. some women have certainly not con­ Franco-American summit and by vinced me to give up my participa­ granting Prime Minister Marcello tion and support of women's libera­ tion organizations in which SWP Caetano an audience, Nixon has breached Portugal's isolation, boost­ and YSA women are also partici­ Zionist terror pants. ed its sagging morale, and lent the Incidents during the past weeks have demonstrated the serious threat "Political discussion and debate colonial power his tacit support. posed by right-wing Zionist terrorists. In New York City a new di­ within a movement is one sign that Washington's efforts in behalf of mension was added to this Zionist terrorist danger with the killing it is alive and developing." I agree Lisbon's African campaigns are not of a young secretary, Iris Kones, on Jan. 26. Kones was killed, and again with Carol, and it is unfor­ all so subtle, however. Not only does the U. S. arm Portugal within the eight others injured, by an incendiary bomb planted in the offices of tunate that there has not been intel­ ligent discussion and debate of ob­ framework of NATO, but, prior to Sol Hurok Enterprises, the main agency in this country that arranges Nixon's arrival in the Azores, the cultural exchanges with the Soviet Union. . jections ~:_~.bout women in the SWP and YSA. Carol mentions "SWP's Portuguese press gloated over Wash­ All evidence points to right-wing Zionists- most probably supporters political ideas for the women's move­ ington's recent promise of economic of the terrorist Jewish Defense League- as the perpetrators of this vi­ ment" If there is a collective political aid amounting to $444-million. Un­ cious killing. On the same day as the Hurok bombing, a bomb ex­ statement about the women's move­ doubtedly, substantial portions of ploded at Columbia Artists, another booking agency for Soviet per­ ment for which SWP membership these devalued dollars will be chan­ formers. Fortunately, no one was hurt. An anonymous phone caller has voted, I would like to see it neled into Portugal's massive pac­ told the Associated Press and the National Broadcasting Company published so that it can be discussed ification programs (incidentally, pat- right after the bombings: .. Soviet culture is responsible for the deaths and debated intelligently. - terned on U. S. efforts in Indochina) in its African colonies. and imprisonment of Soviet Jews." The caller also shouted the JDL I have spoken to women in the SWP and YSA, women who are my s. s. slogan, .. Never again!" Lisbon, Portugal Prior to these bombings the JDL had mounted a campaign of pro­ sisters and with whom I have dis­ cussed the women's movement I do test against the appearance at New York's Carnegie Hall of a Soviet not consider myself having been orchestra. The visit had been arranged by Hurok. duped, manipulated, controlled, or The JDL has denied responsibility for the killing of Iris Kones, but brain-washed. Our opinions have asserted only that the Hurok fire bombing was ..not our style," be­ been mutually respected and often Prisoner likes leHers cause it involved Americans rather than Russians. shared. That they belong to an or­ I find your paper very interesting, There have been several previous bombings attributed to the JDL ganization made up by a wide co­ especially the letters, which allow the and never repudiated by them. These and other instances of JDL terror­ alition of many peoples, including brothers around the country to keep ist acts against Communists, socialists, Black militants, and Soviet male people, is not enough "evi­ in touch and learn what is happen­ dence" for me to exclude them from citizens in the U.S.- as well as the JDL's pro-VietJ:Ulm war stance­ ing in these festering sores. Also, the women's movement, which is I find the section "By Any Means were recounted in the Jan. 28 issue of The Militant. not just mine, or yours, or theirs. Necessary" very informative because Still another racist hooligan attack was made by the JDL in New From what I have seen, it has it allows me to get the little-known York Jan. 26. This time it was against a mass meeting of Puerto Rican, almost become an imperative of· the news of the very harsh oppression Black, and Chinese-American parents demanding community control women's movement to "state your that continues each day by the con­ of their school district (see story, p. 4). At this meeting the New York affiliations" whenever an opinion troller and his functionaries. cops arrested two Puerto Ricans attempting to defend the meeting. No concerning women is expressed. This Your last paper, which reported JDL members were arrested. is helpful, but I have also seen it on the Baton Rouge situation, was The New York cops and the Lindsay administration have a different used to label as worthless and sub­ very informative; plus, it reminded standard of justice for right-wing terrorists than for radicals, Blacks, versive anything a woman in the one of Attica in the actions of trigger­ SWP or YSA says about the wom­ happy demented mental degenerates. and Puerto Ricans. en's movement The perspective I I also concur with your analysis It is the urgent responsibility of everyone who opposes these hooligan write from,. and will continue to write of those two degenerated _organs of attacks to demand that Mayor Lindsay take immediate action to bring from, is that of a very independent the ruling class, the Democratic and about the arrest and conviction of Iris Kones' killers. socialist lesbian feminist, for what­ Republican parties. Their principle ever that label is worth. Sisterhood of politics in Amerika is oppressive: is powerful, much more so than red­ "The art of politics is compromise." baiting. It just takes some of us This means automatically the Black, longer to realize this. Brown, and Red people are out of Constance L. Mayer it, because what do they have to New Haven, Conn. give up? The only thing that they have had to give up are the brothers In reply- The position of the So­ in Attica, George Jackson, Malcolm cialist Workers Party on the wom­ X, and now they want to deal for en's liberation movement and the Angela. When Black people speak of free enterprise, I do not think we realize what is being said. We are asking for

6 The Great Society American folklore- Residents of the workers in Spokane, Wash., by Chris- estate operator who handled a $1-mil- the right to follow the monopoly Woodland, Wash., area are combing tians in Japan. Last month another lion property transaction for the capitalists, who exist to destroy the the hills in a treasure hunt for "D.B. group of Japanese sent a collection of church. Kurkjian neglected to mention human ingredient in the people by Cooper," the hijacker who parachuted foodstuffs to jobless persons in the that a fellow church member was re­ creating starvation, class division, pol­ from a jetliner with $200,000. The Seattle-Tacoma area of the state. Wash­ ceiving a broker's commission on the lution, and injustice to destroy their good folk at Woodland are persuaded ington has one of the highest unem­ deal. Earlier, the church won a enemies, which they created by not he's hanging from some tree there, ployment rates in the country, but our $31,000 judgment against Kurkjian allowing them any life-affirmative with the loot nearby. Meanwhile, a government can't afford to help much. for failing to properly account for goals.- local entrepreneur is doing well with a funds entrusted to him. The money Take care. T-shirt showing a parachute floating Heavily into Jesus- Damages of was to help finance the restoration of , Teka downward with a bundle. And good $50,000 were won by the St. James Christ's sepulchre in Jerusalem. State Correctional Institution returns are reported on a twangy new Armenian Church of Los Angeles from Pittsburgh, Pa. ballad, "D.B. Cooper, Where are parish member John Kurkjian, a real You?" Hot air no help?- The Senate wing of the Capitol building has sunk about a fifth of an inch in the past 45 years. Hygiene dep't- We've been musing over the report that Howard Hughes Ecology dep't- "The Daughters of the Yugoslavia keeps a file of business and personal American Revolution, Cabrillo Chap­ Recent events following in rapid suc­ acquaintances in which he rates them ter, will hear Rear Admiral William cession in Yugoslavia would indicate for cleanliness. Wonder if he classifies C. Chambliss, USN, ret., discuss how a serious and exhaustive study of his money the same way? this workers state is an imperative 'Our Seas Are Turning Red.' "- The Los Angeles Times. order of the day. Self-determination for non-addicts?­ First, the film WR-Mysteries of The U. S. surgeon general's office the Organism, produced in Yugo­ pointed to new hazards for nonsmok­ Sees dulling of initiative- Dale Smith, slavia and now exhibited in the ers in smoke-filled areas. They noted head of a San Francisco outfit that USA, constitutes an explos~ve break that the carbon monoxide thrown off pays a fast 7 5 cents an hour for dis,. with the intellectual and artistic ri­ by coffin nails is as easily ingested by tributing advertising circulars, com­ gidity and puritanism customarily as­ nonsmokers as smokers, and that plains: "I'm telling ya, I just can't sociated with ~oviet, Chinese, and there can be surprisingly high carbon get men any more. Fifteen years ago satellite cultural superstructures. It I could put an ad in the paper and is not my intent to discuss here at monoxide levels in smoke-filled rooms. any length the film WR. Suffice it The surgeon general favors segrega­ get 20 or 30 men. Now maybe I get "It should give you a lift, Roscoe! ..• to say, I regard it as a powerful tion of smokers in all public places. two men out of that. Welfare, unem­ and remarkable film, extraordinary listening to the politicians and knowing ployment insurance, food stamps, in its political, social and sexual Aiding the underdeveloped- Five tons your problems will be solved next No­ they're all cutting into my labor." emancipation content Indeed, the en­ of rice were contributed to unemployed vember!" -HARRY RING tire film breathes a spirit of auda­ cious and uncompromising inquiry unseen hitherto in workers states. That such a film could have been produced in Yugoslavia is an im­ portant plus for the regime. Second, in a brief chance meet­ Women: ing with some Yugoslavian seamen, I was informed that the six-hour day, five-day workweek is universal in Yugoslavia. If this is true, such The Insurgent Majority a reduction of the workweek is a momentous first in the history of BILL AIDS EQUAL EMPLOYMENT FIGHT- A bill ". . . abortion is a serious act that should be under­ organized society, be it feudal, cap-. is presently being debated in the U.S. Senate that would taken after mature reflection and with the assistance of italist, or workers state. give enforcement powers to the Equal Employment Op­ a medical specialist. But each must be free to decide. Third, it was reported in The Mil­ portunity · Commission (EEOC), the body established in The law should not impose on those who desire to ter­ itant that Ernest Mandel, a leader conjunction with Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. minate a pregnancy the views of doctrinaires who put of the Fourth International, lectured Title VII prohibits discrimination because of race, color, abstract principles above the well-being of their fellows." recently in Yugoslavia. This is an religion, sex, or national origin, in hiring, upgrading, almost incredible development in light and all other conditions of employment At this time, of the fact that hitherto Trotskyism the EEOC has no power to enforce the provisions in FEMALE OFFICIAL DEFENDS ROLE OF WOMEN has always been portrayed and Title VII- it can only arbitrate in cases of employment IN SOVIET UNION- While women in the Soviet Union hounded as the arch-devil of counter­ discrimination and attempt to achieve "voluntary" solu­ have almost complete legal equality with men and (for revolutionary politics by official Soviet, tions. If the EEOC efforts fail, women, Blacks, Chicanos, the present) can obtain free abortions on demand, they . Chinese and satellite dogma. and others facing discrimination have no recourse but are still forced to carry out the double role of worker Every socialist and progressive to take the employer to court at their own expense. and housewife. The Jan. 19 New York Times revealed would, I believe, welcome an ex­ The Senate bill gives the EEOC the power to issue the reactionary attitude of the Soviet bureaucracy toward haustive Marxist analysis of the Yu­ "cease-and-desist" orders to businesses that discriminate women in an interview with Yekaterina Alekseyevna Fur­ goslav state from its inception to and expands its jurisdiction to companies employing eight tseva, the Soviet minister of cultural affairs and a mem­ the present day. Such a study would or more persons and to unions with eight or more mem­ ber of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist seem mandatory for a revolutionary­ bers (the present number is 25). It would also apply Party. She is the highest-ranking woman in the govern­ socialist party. to employment discrimination in state and local govern­ ment apparatus. S.M. Lipman ment, although in this case only court action can be taken. "Any woman, no matter what post she occupies," Fur­ Boston, Mass. A similar bill was introduced into the House last year, tseva asserted, "should remain a woman. She should know but a watered-down version was passed that gave the how to cook and how to keep house nicely. If she does EEOC only the power to institute court action, a far slow­ not, she is not a woman." Furtseva defended the bureau­ Puerto Rico er procedure. cracy's glorification of "motherhood" when asked by I am a new subscriber to The Mil­ On Jan. 26 the Senate defeated an amendment to again the Times if she favored payment for housewives. "The itant, and I am writing this letter limit the EEOC's powers to court action. This vote, ac­ best payment is of the heart," she responded. She also because I would like to see more cording to the Jan. 27 New York Times, "virtually as­ reiterated the Soviet bureaucracy's insistence on the ne­ articles on the Puerto Rican move­ sured that when the bill (is) finally passed by the Sen­ cessity of the family institution in a society where cap­ ment in your paper. ate it would contain the provision allowing cease-and­ italism has been abolished, saying, "we think that most I have not yet read an article that desist orders." Several other amendments have yet to important, still, is family life. . . . we attach great im­ deals directly with Puerto Ricans, and be voted upon. Assuming the bill does pass, it must then portance to the responsibility of family upbringing for I find that we are skimpily men­ go to a House-Senate conference committee to be recon­ a child." tioned in your articles. I feel you ciled with the House bilL Furtseva was careful to avoid mentioning the fact that should have more articles covering Passage of the bill will represent a victory for women there is a deepening undercurrent of opposition among the Puerto Rican movement here and national minorities by making it harder for busi­ Soviet women to··the double role forced upon them. This and in Puerto Rico. nesses to violate Title VII and get away .with it. has been brought out most clearly in articles and letters Jennie Vega by women that have recently appeared in Soviet papers, Woodside, N Y. REFERENDUM ON SWISS ABORTION LAW- In Swit­ such as Sovetskaya Russiya and Literaturna Gazeta. zerland, according to the Jan. 24 Intercontinental Press, 60,000 signatures have been obtained on petitions call­ ing for. a constitutional' amendment ending restrictions CHAUVINIST QUOTE OF THE WEEK- From the The letters column is an open forum on women's right to abortion. The amendment would want-ad section of the Jan. 27 New York Review of Books: for all viewpoints on subjects of gen­ read: "There shall be no penalty for interruption of preg­ "WANTED: Part-time second wife with comfortable eral interest to our readers. Please nancy." By Swiss law, after a minimum of 50,000 people apartment May become first emotionally, remembered keep your letters brief. Where neces­ sign . such a petition, the government must submit the in estate. Know how to cook Italian dishes, be recon­ sary they will be abridged. Please in­ proposal to a popular referendum. The government, how­ ciled with one or two encounters weekly. Overly intel­ dicate if your name may be used or ever, has up to three years to do so. Supporters of the lectual and Women's Lib types do not apply. Competence if you prefer that your initials be used amendment were quoted in the Jan. 6 Le Monde as say­ prose editing would help too.... " instead. ing: - CINDY JAQUITH

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11, 1972 7 of an unwante,d pregnancy, andthus every woman ican, and Asian women, abortion laws are used" . has a stake in repealing the abortion laWll. This to justify the practice of forced sterilization. If' is why legalization of abortion has the support abortions were legal, it would be much harder By CINDY JAQUITH of the majority of women in this country. It is for racist doctors and welfare boards to extract The Women's National Abortion Action Conference this issue that has been most successful in bring­ the "punishment" of forced sterilization from these scheduled for Feb. 11-13 in Boston has been called ing women into action and in achieving victories women when they seek abortions. to plan the next step in the campaign to repeal for the women's liberation movement. According to the June 30, 1971, New York all abortion laws. In light of the recent legal chal­ The importance of the abortion issue is shown by Times, during the first six months under New lenge to the New York abortion law-an attack the fact that the opponents of women's liberation York's liberalized abortion law, 50 percent of the that threatens the rights of women in every state­ have chosen it as the focus of their attacks on abortions performed on New York City residents the urgency of this conference is clear. feminism. Anti-abortion groups, the Catholic were for Black and Puerto Rican women. Thirty­ A thorough discussion at the Boston conference Church, and local, state, and federal governments one percent of the abortions for New York State of all the different perspectives for fighting the abor­ are accelerating their campaign tokeepwomenfrom residents were covered by Medicaid. tion laws can ensure that a strategy emerges to having the right to control their own bodies. We The Young Socialist Alliance and the Socialist defeat the right-wing in New York as well as the cannot dismiss these forces lightly, nor can we Workers Party support free abortion, as do many anti-abortion forces in all states. yield an inch of ground to their reactionary "abor­ women in the feminist movement. But the sharp- · Some sections of the women's movement disagree tion is murder" propaganda. A victory for the est political debate going on in the country to­ with the approach adopted by the previous national right-wing would not only be a defeat for the day is not whether abortions should be free, but whether abortion is the right of every woman. The slogan "free abortion on demand" focuses attention on free medical care, rather than on legalizing abortions. Imagine, for example, if wom­ en in New York had chosen to answer the at­ Issues before the tacks of Robert Byrn and his anti-abortion forces by calling for free abortion. If the movement raised free abortion as the central demand in the New York fight, it would have obscured the real issue abortion movement for thousands of women who can potentially be mobilized to defend and extend the right to abor­ tion in New York. At the July WONAAC conference several wom­ en explained how their attempts to organize co­ alitions around the free-abortion slogan placed limitations on the participation of groups and individuals who do not agree that abortions should be free, but who are willing to support actions for repeaL The conference voted overwhelmingly to make repeal the central slogan of the abortion campaign, because in this way the largest pos­ sible numbers could be brought together in action. Fighting for reforms The writers in Off Our Backs are opposed to the repeal demand because they don't think fight­ ing for reforms is worthwhile. They say in their article: "It is too easy for this country to give women the right to abortion- just as it has been easy for Nixon to 'bring the boys home' and cool-out the antiwar movement-just as it was easy for women to be allowed to vote." This state­ ment flies in the face of reality. Women do not conference of the Women's National Abortion Ac­ abortion campaign but a defeat for the women's yet have the right to abortion; Nixon has not tion Coalition, sponsor of the Boston conference. liberation movement as a whole. ended the war in Indochina; and women were WONAAC organized the Nov. 20, 1971, demonstra­ At the July 1971 conference that founded WO­ not simply handed the right to vote- it took dec­ tions in Washington, D. C., and San Francisco NAAC, a group of women felt ·the abortion cam­ ades of struggle. around the demands of repeal of all restrictive paign should include the demand for "freedom If the repeal demand were an easy one to grant, abortion and contraception laws and an end to of sexual expression." Some suggested that the Shirley Wheeler would not have been convicted forced sterilization. Some of the differences with program be broadened further to include child of manslaughter in Florida for having an abor­ this strategy are expressed in an article in the De­ care, equal pay, and equal education. What would tion. State and federal legislators would not be cember 1971 issue of Off Our Backs, a women's have happened if WONAAC had tried to wage trying to pass laws to further restrict women's newspaper published in Washington, D. C. a struggle around all these issues at once? Wom­ right to abortion, and the overwhelming majority The article, entitled "November 20th . . . some en who support abortion law repeal but who are of states would not have laws declaring abortion reporting, some diatribe, some analysis," devotes not yet prepared to act on these other issues would illegal. . most of its space to red-baiting attacks on have been excluded, and the forces mobilized for It will take a nationwide campaign that brings WONAAC, which the authors claim is "controlled action would have been smaller. The remaining masses of women into independent action against by the SWP [Socialist Workers Party]." Only at core of women who do support these demands the government to win total repeal of the anti­ the end of the article do the authors explain their would still have strong disagreements on how abortion laws. WONAAC must use every means political disagreements with WONAAC. to fight for them. at its disposal, including speak-outs, court suits, They begin their criticisms with the assertion legislative action and demonstrations. The Nov. that WONAAC's focus on one issue- the right United front 20, 1971, actions were an important first step of women to control their own bodies- amounts To win repeal of the abortion laws, the back­ in launching this campaign on a national scale. to "ignoring" the other questions that have been ing of all women who support the right to abor­ Demonstrations around the concrete demands for. raised by the feminist movement. They warn that tion, regardless of their stand on other issues, is the repeal of all abortion and restrictive contra­ "the abortion. issue cannot stand alone," that by necessary. A coalition like WONAAC can unite ception laws and an end to forced sterilization itself it is not "a political issue." a broad spectrum of women in action around keep this campaign visible to the public. They WONAAC should not, and does not, pretend to the issue of repeal, even though they have strong make it -clear to the millions of women who have represent the entire scope of the women's liberation disagreements on other issues. Such a united front yet to join this movement that this is a struggle movement. It is a coalition based solely on strug­ does not lessen the importance of building other in their interests. gling for the right of women to control their own types of women's groups as well. But it does ac­ This spring it may be more difficult than in bodies. Nor does WONAAC say that abortion is complish what no one group could do by itself. past years to bring large numbers of women into the only serious issue before women. Child care, By uniting against the abortion laws we can the streets. Several key women's liberation organi­ for example, is clearly another important demand, win a victory that will affect masses of women zations have made campaigning for Democratic especially with Nixon's recent veto of the child-care in this country. If abortions are legal in every or Republican candidates the central axis of their bilL Equal pay for equal work, equal education, state, thousands of women's lives will be saved activity. But it is precisely because there is strong sexist advertising, victimization of prostitutes­ from back-street abortionists or fatal self-performed pressure to try to win reforms by supporting either these are just some of the pressing questions the abortions. Women will be relieved from some of of the two capitalist parties that protests must be feminist movement deals with. Until all forms of the fear that now surrounds pregnancy. Such a built this spring against the abortion laws these women's oppression are ended, women will not be victory will also raise women's consciousness by two parties support. liberated. showing that they can organize and win. The These questions deserve full discussion at the_ But the existence of our ~ppression on many dif­ confidence gained from successfully overturning Boston conference. A democratic conference, where ferent levels does not necessarily dictate that we reactionary abortion laws can be an inspiration to the ideas of every woman can be heard, will help must, or that we can, launch a struggle against continue the struggle until we have ended all forms keep the movement as a whole open to all women. all forms of sex discrimination at one and the same of women's oppression. This conference must reaffirm WONAAC's willing­ time, or that each struggle waged must raise all The writers in Off Our Backs not only disagree ness to work with all women, excluding no one the demands concerning women's oppression. The with the abortion focus of WONAAC, but they because of her political beliefs or for any other targets we choose depend not only on the ways in also feel that the coalition should call for "free reason. The abortion campaign can potentially which we are oppressed but also on the con~cious­ abortion" instead of repeaL They argue that even involve women from all sectors of the popula­ ness of women at any given stage and the size of if the abortion laws are repealed, "poor women· tion- NOW women, women in the Women's Po­ the movement itself. Together, these factors deter­ will still not be able to afford abortions." litical Caucus, radicals, socialists, Communists, min~ what forces we can bring to bear against any Repeal of the abortion laws would be far from Democrats, Republicans, church women, students, specific· aspect of sexism. meaningless for poor women. These women are lesbians, working women, Chicanas, and Black, The abortion issue is of central importance be­ the most affected by the illegality of abortions, Puerto Rican, Native American and Asian-Amer­ cause as long as women are denied the right to which forces them to turn to butcher abortionists ican women. United in a democratic, action co­ control theii- own bodies, they cannot control their or bear unwanted children. alition, we can throw the oppressive abortion laws lives. Every woman in this country faces the threat For Black, Chicana, Puerto Rican, Native Amer- off the backs of every woman in this country.

8 emphasis with the desire to end all Communist Party. The opinion of the test to the school's president, Dr. Har­ abortion restrictions, this movement · court was thaf previous federal and ry Buttermer, 50 Phalen Ave., San National will be used by many groups of racists California Supreme Court decisions Francisco, Calif. 94112, with copies for their own selective interests." The stating that membership in the Com­ to the "CCSF Four" Defense Commit­ second UAG proposal calls upon WO­ ·munist Party cannot bar employment tee, P. 0. 'Box 40501, San Francisco, abortion NAAC to change its emphasis to fo­ of a teacher are binding. Calif. 94140. cus on "women's economic condition," taking .positions and acting on welfare meeting legislation, and calling for "free abor­ tion on demand." Four Phone Registration will be $3 for the en­ to discuss tire conference. Housing and child care will be available. For copies of socialist the WONAAC Newsletter and further strike strategy conference information, contact WO­ NAAC at 150 Fifth Ave., Suite 843, students By SANDRA MAXFIELD New York, N.Y. 10011. Telephone: leader The latest issue of the Women's Na­ (212) 741-0450 or 741-0556. tional Abortion Action Coalition For information on where and how Newsletter contains several major pro­ fight to register at the conference, contact at N.Y. posals to be discussed and voted upon the Boston Women's Abortion Action at the Second National Women's Coalition at 552 Massachusetts Ave., expulsion Abortion Action Conference. The con­ Cambridge, Mass. Telephone: (617) ference, which will take place Feb. By JEFF BERCHENKO .forum 547-1818. 11-13 at Boston University, is open . SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 1-Fearing By RACHEL TOWNE to all interested women. It projects publicity about the illegal expulsion NEW YORK, Jan. 28- Dennis Ser­ developing a program to unite wom­ of four Young Socialists for Jenness rette, vice-president of the 15,000-mem­ en in action against recent attacks Cops and Pulley from the City College of ber Communications Workers of on the right to abortion and to win San Francisco ( CCSF) on Jan. 20, America Local 1101 and head of the the total repeal of all anti-abortion the administration has scheduled a union's strike committee, spoke to­ laws. arrest 18 closed-door appeal hearing on Feb. night to a meeting of 60, sponsored The conference will open 7:30 p. m. 3, almost a week before students re­ by the Upper West Side Militant on Friday, Feb. 11, at Hayden Hall, turn for the spring semester. Forum. When the national telephone Boston University, with a rally en­ This latest denial of due process strike ended last August, Local1101 at Davis and telephone workers throughout the titled "How To Win Abortion Law continues the pattern established by Repeal." Among the scheduled speak­ the original undemocratic action di­ state of New York stayed out. Serrette explained that the morale ers are Shirley Wheeler Johns~n, the rected at the four students, Lloyd Ken­ support of the 38,500 strikers is still high first woman in the United States ever ney, Steve Gabosch, Jeff Berchenko convicted and sentenced for having and Joe Ward. They were expelled despite the little support they have an abortion; and Sarah Weddington, without notice of specific charges and received from other unions. Some fi­ the attorney who argued for the elim­ action without a previous investigation or nancial support has come from the ination of the Texas abortion law be­ By MICHAEL SCHREIBER trial. International, but most strikers are fore the U. S. Supreme Court in the SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 1- Eighteen At first the four were only charged living on $75 a week unemployment fall of 1971. supporters of Angela Davis, includ­ with violations of vague administra­ compensation, while some have been Other speakers include Lana Clarke ing her sister Fania Jordan, were ar­ tive disciplinary regulations- such Phelan, vice-president (West) of the rested on Jan. 31 as they peacefully catchall rules as "obstruction or dis­ National Association for Repeal of demonstrated outside the San Jose ruption of administrative functions" Abortion Laws; Dr. Barbara Roberts, courthouse, where pretrial hearings and "unauthorized use of the facilities." a founder and national project direc­ were in session. The school has now revealed, after tor of WONAAC; Georgia Ware of The demonstrators were charged pressure from attorneys Chris May the National Welfare Rights Organi­ with violating a law passed last year and Mike Sorgand of the San Fran­ zation; and Elma Barrera, organizer by the California legislature. The law ci.sco Neighborhood Legal Assistance of the 1971 Houston Chicana con­ forbids picketing near a state court Foundation, that these charges stem ference. "with intent to influence any judge, from an incident in which the YSJP This is the one session of the con­ juror, witness, or officer of the court." was denied the right to have a cam­ ference open to men as well as women. San Jose police indicate they inter­ paign banner on a wall. In the same Registration will begin at 5:30 p.m. pret the law to mean that demonstra­ incident YSJPers were physically as­ The rest of the weekend will be de­ tions for Davis are banned anywhere saulted by the dean of student ac­ voted to workshops and plenary ses­ in Santa Clara County. Franklin tivities, Vester Flanagan, and his as­ sions, which will assess the progress Alexander, a coordinator of the Na­ sistant, Chris Davis. made since WONAAC was founded tional United Committee to Free An­ On Jan. 12, at the height of a cam­ in July 1971 and set goals and ac­ gela Davis, told the press after the paign for student office, the YSJP hung tions for the months ahead. arrests that this extraordinary and a campaign banner calling for stu­ A number of WONAAC supporters unconstitutional law must be chal­ dent-faculty control of the campus on Photo bv Julie Simon around the country have submitted lenged by more demonstrations that the wall of the cafeteria. Dean Flana­ Dennis Serrette, vice-president of would involve thousands of people. gan demanded that it be removed, a proposal for "Abortion Action Week: CWA Local1101 in New York. May 1-6." The sigpers of this pro­ Today Alexander was arrested for and cited an unused rule prohibiting posal are Dr. Barbara Roberts; Tina helping to organize the demonstration. any poster on any wall. forced to take other jobs. The com­ Hobson of Federally Employed Wom­ Davis defense attorney Leo Branton Lloyd Kenney, who was running position of Local 1101 is about 27 en, Washington, D. C.; Lana Clarke Jr. pointed out in court that the dem­ for president of the student body, and percent Black and Puerto Rican and Phelan; Matilde Zimmerman, WO­ onstrators outside were "those unable Jeff Berchenko, YSJP coordinator on 60 percent of the members are under NAAC national staff; Shirley Wheeler to attend the trial in which they wanted campus, refused to take the banner 26 years old. Johnson; and WONAAC organizers to participate." down. The pointed out that countless Serrette indicated that the main from California, Boston, Houston, Branton said that the size of the posters and banners of all types were problem facing the strikers is the hun­ Chicago, and Antioch College in Ohio. courtroom, which permits only 25 hung. from the wall in the past, and dreds of scabs imported from other seats for the general public, denies that the dean was selectively enforc­ areas by the New York Telephone The proposal reads in part: "We Davis her right to a public trial. ing the rule. Company. There has been little scab­ propose that WONAAC call for an While moving that larger court facil­ Flanagan and his assistant began bing on the part of New York tele­ Abortion Action Week, the first week ities be provided, Branton also sug­ ripping the banner down. In the pro­ phone workers, however. of May, ending with local or regional gested that the trial proceedings be cess they pushed and shoved the six It is supposedly illegal to bring in rallies or demonstrations on Satur­ televised nationally because of the im­ or seven YSJPers standing in front strikebreakers from out of state. Ser­ day, May 6." It outlines a wide range portance and interest in the case. of their banner. Berchenko's eye was rette stated that the union is trying of activities women can organize in Selection of a jury will be delayed blackened and the ribs of another to take court action but has run into every part of the country around the for several weeks pending completion YSJPer were bruised. a legal maze. "We feel that the system demands adopted by WONAAC's of a final round of pretrial motions The "CCSF Four" Defense Commit­ has abandoned us," he said. founding conference: repeal all abor­ by the defense. The motions charge tee, headed by CCSF professors Paul Joseph Beirne, head of the Interna­ tion laws; no forced sterilization; end racial, sexual, political, and class dis­ Hewitt and Fred Safier, has begun tional, issued a statement recently that restrictive contraception laws. crimination in jury selection; ask that the work of obtaining support from the union would accept binding ar­ A proposal submitted by the Inter­ the trial site be changed from Santa students at CCSF and other campuses bitration. However, Serrette said, national Socialists calls upon WO­ Clara to a less-prejudiced county; pe­ in the Bay Area. A petition drive de­ "Telephone workers have been out six NAAC to change its "major slogan" tition the state to finance the defense manding the reinstatement of the four months and are not going back for a to "free abortion on demand- no on an equal basis with its financing students netted close to 1,000 signa­ sellout or binding arbitration." forced sterilization- free access to con­ of the prosecution; and demand that tures, even though it was conducted The New York locals are demand­ traception." It contains an implemen­ the prosecution reveal all information in the last days of finals before semes­ ing wage increases, end of forced over­ tation section that calls for actions gathered on prospective jurors from ter break. The defense committee is time, and an end to the six-day work­ similar to those outlined in the "Abor­ sources that are not available to the now preparing for extensive petition­ week. tion Action Week" proposal. defense (such as the FBI and the ing when school reopens Feb. 9. According to Serrette, the union has The University Action Group(UAG) CIA). The YSJP is also planning to build asked for support from politicians from Boston has submitted two pro­ In a related development, on Jan. a lat;ge meeting for Linda Jenness, such as Representatives Shirley Chis­ posals. The first calls for WONAAC 27 the California state court of ap­ 1972 Socialist Workers Party candi­ liolm (D-N. Y.) and Bella Abzug (D­ to put more emphasis on its demand peals ruled unconstitutional the 1969 date }or president, on the campus Feb. N.Y.) but has only received a run­ for no forced sterilization. It reads firing of Davis from the faculty of 19. around. A collection of $25 was taken in part: "We in UAG think that unless the University of California at Los The defense committee has request­ at the Militant Labor Forum to help the spirit of this slogan takes equal Angeles for >her membership in the ed that supporters send letters of pro- the strikers.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11, 1972 9 tem is-make them aware that there is no justice ular funding. At present the program is funded in the courts." only on a yearly basis and is subject to removal Gonzales He said his frame-up was directly related to the at any time. efforts by the rulers of this. country to smash or­ In a subsequent meeting MECHA voted to build ganized Chicano opposition to the racist war in a mass demonstration for open admission this jailed on Vietnam. The Chicano Moratorium was the biggest spring, pledging to fight for the right of the Chi­ Chicano demonstration against the war, he con­ cano community to full use of the university fa­ tinued, "and they turned it into a Chicano mas­ cilities. sacre because it was so danger~ms fpr them. The attempt by Chicano administrators and fac­ fake charge "It was a planned attack on the Chicano people," ulty to remove the Chicano Studies Program from By HARRY RING he said, "but it backfired. Awareness is growing the campus was prompted by the desire to strength­ LOS ANGELES- On Jan. 29, Rodolfo "Corky" deeper. People saw the police provocation." en their positions and privileges rather than to Gonzales, principal leader of the Denver-based Cru­ He said active opposition to the war by the make Chicano studies relevant to the Chicano com­ sade for Justice and Colorado Raza Unida Party, Chicano people would continue and deepen. munity. They recognized that the Chicano student began serving a 40-day sentence here on "We should be totally opposed to any war waged radicalization at San Diego State was leading to­ a trumped-up charge of illegal possession of a by this society," Gonzales said, "but especially a ward student control of the program. weapon. war against an oppressed people." Thus MECHA 's elimination of the Junta Directiva Gonzales had been arrested on the fake charge was an important victory for the Chicano student on Aug. 29, 1970, in the aftermath of the bloody movement and points the way for other campuses Los Angeles. police attack on the Chicano Mora­ where similar situations exist. torium. This action was a massive demonstration in which 30,000 Chicanos had sought to peace­ Chicano fully express their opposition to the Vietnam war. Prisoners It was during the police attack on this demon­ stration that Chicano journalist Ruben Salazar students was killed. After the police attack had subsided, Gonzales Union aids and other Colorado activists were leaving the area score victory in a truck. They were stopped by L. A. police for in San Diego San Quentin SAN DIEGO- Chicano students at San Diego State inmates College have scored a major victory by taking all decision-making power over the Chicano Studies LOS ANGELES- Representatives of the United Program into their own hands. MECHA (Movi­ Prisoners Union made public their demand that miento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlan) voted unani­ they be permitted to negotiate with San Quentin mously Jan. 6 to eliminate the program's Junta Prison officials on behalf of 22 convicts being Directiv~ (Board of Directors). The Junta was held in the Adjustment Center there. The 22 re­ dominated by Chicano administrators and faculty cently conducted a six-day hunger strike against who prevented the students from exercising demo­ inhuman conditions in the center. All 22 are mem­ cratic control. bers of the United Prisoners Union. One is Ruchell To implement its decision, MECHA has set up Magee, co-defendant with Angela Davis. student teams to evaluate all aspects of the Chi­ At a press conference here Jan. 29, Major Camp­ cano programs on campus. MECHA asserted its bell and Bill Driscoll, organizers for the UPU, right to hire and fire administrators and faculty. reported that four of the prisoners, regarded by This development culminated a year-long strug­ authorities as the leaders of the hunger strike, gle by Chicano students to change the bureau­ are now in strip cells. . These cells are unheated cratized Chicano Studies Program. Last May the and contain only a mattress. There is not even Junta Directiva demanded the fuing of Professor a toilet bowl or a basin. Federal courts have Richard Garcia, a revolutionary socialist and well­ heid that incarceration in the strip cells constitutes Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales known supporter of Chicano student control. "cruel and unusual punishment," but their use con­ . an alleged traffic violation. They were then MECHA voted to retain Garcia. Disregarding this tinues. searched. When it was found that Gonzales, who decision, the Chicano administrators and faculty, The UPU representatives said that the 22 pris­ had the expense money for the group, had $300 in an atmosphere of physical intimidation and oners were tear-gassed in their cells during the on him, they were held on charges of robbery. The with threats of a mass resignation on their part, hunger strike and have been gassed since. Three presumption apparently was that any Chicano forced MECHA to frre Garcia. (See The Militant, of the men in the strip cells are in need of medical with that much money must have stolen it. June 18.) attention. · When they couldn't find anyone who had been This was a setback to the students but at the The UPU was able to get a first-hand account robbed, all in the group were released except Gon­ same time it served to deepen their dissatisfaction of what was happening in the Adjustment Cen­ zales and Alberto Gurule, then candidate of La and spur their further radicalization. The pro­ ter when Jesse Phillips, one of the 22, was brought Raza Unida Party for governor of Colorad"o. They student-control Mechistas became more determined into a San Francisco court on another matter were charged with illegal possession of a weapon to mobilize the Chicano students to fight to con­ and was able to speak to Wilburn "Popeye" Jack­ on the basis of a gun that was in the truck. They trol the decision-making process, determine their son, the UPU's Minister of Prison Affairs. were tried even though it was clearly established curricUlum, hire and frre their own professors, and The UPU charged that those being held in the that neither owned the gun, nor was responsible utilize their program's resources to help organize Adjustment Center are there as political prisoners. for its being in the truck. It had been brought the Chicano community around issues that affect Originally, they explained, prisoners were sent to along by a member of a defense group assigned La Raza as a whole. the Adjustment Center for infractions of one or to Gonzales because of threats to his life. Last September the number of Chicano students another rule. Then, as prisoners began rebelling In the trial that followed, Gurule was acquitted at San Diego State increased from about 600 tO" against their treatment, the center became a place and the jury split 10-2 on Gonzales. 1,000. Dissatisfaction with the lack of student con­ for those considered ·"too out-spoken" or those "po­ Even though it was a misdemeanor charge and trol developed among many of the new students. litically inclined." Gonzales had no previous police record, Los An­ A manifestation of their growing drive for decision­ Now, the UPU representatives said, prisoners geles authorities pressed for a new trial and last making power was the increased attendance at are isolated in the Adjustment Center for· being April 1 got a conviction. MECHA meetings, where discussions took place "potential leaders." Treatment is far worse there, The sole "evidence" against him was the asser­ on how the Chicano Studies Program was con­ and penal regulations are ignored. All prisoners tion of a policeman that when he opened the cab trolled by the faculty, administrators, and some are supposed to receive three meals a day, but door of the truck, Gonzales had reached down hand-selected students close to them. in the Adjustment Center they get two- one of and put his hand on the gun. Further disenchantment came when Mechistas them consisting of a peanut butter and jelly sand­ This charge occurred to the police only after were urged by some of the leadership of the Junta wich. the "robbery" charge was dropped. There was no Directiva to not support the Raza Contra la Guerra On behalf of their 22 members, the UPU is mention of it at the time of the original booking. Committee, which was building a Chicano contin­ demanding that officials negotiate the following The appeal by Gonzales Jo the appellate division gent in the Nov. 6 antiwar action in Los Angeles. demands with them: of the state superior court was denied.- They were told that the war was "going to end 1) Same canteen privileges that every other state On Jan. 25, Gonzales' attorney, Neil Herring, very quickly, and mass demonstrations produced prisoner is allowed; 2) three meals every day, applied to the California Supreme Court for a no results." as dictated by the state's penal code; 3) same writ of habeas corpus: Favorable action by the Student determination to assert control over Chi­ visiting .privileges as all other state prisoners; 4) court would mean a new trial. Yet on Jan. 29, cano studit!s reached a new intensity when a com­ allowed in the visiting areas without having to when Gonzales appeared in court here as ordered mittee dominated by Chicano faculty and adminis­ be chained and shackled; 5) read the literature to begin his sentence, a motion for a stay of execu­ trators attempted to pressure MECHA into voting of their choice; 6) allowed to pick the attorney tion was denied even though the application for to move Chicano studies from the campus to the of their choice at the state's expense; 7) inves­ the writ is still pending. The motion was denied by community. More than 140 students attended that tigation of the San Quentin Adjustment Center Municipal Judge Alan Campbell, who had pre: MECHA meeting and voted overwhelmingly to and of the beatings and gassings that occurred sided when Gonzales was convicted. Despite nu­ remain on campus. MECHA's decision made it during the recent hunger strike; 8) that a medical merous precedents to the contrary, the judge clear that while Chicano students saw the need team administer to the sick members in the Ad­ asserted he lacked· the authority to stay his· own for more education programs in the barrio, they justment Center (as a result of all the windows sentence. recognized their democratic right to use the cam­ being broken by the guards on Aug. 21, 1971, In an interview just before being taken off by pus facilities for the education of all of La Raza many prisoners have contracted the flu); 9) a jailers, Gonzales. said that he had no personal and their right to use these resources to aid the full and complete checkup, particularly of Willie regrets about going to jail. "It's one of the sac­ organizing of the community. Tate, Robert Soto, and Earl Gibson, who have rifices that you have to expect to make if you're MECHA also voted to wage a campaign to win been picked as leaders of the food strike by the part of the movement," he said. recognition of the Chicano Studies Program as a state of California; 10) that the UPU officials "What you have to do," he continued, "is to use full-fledged institute. Such a move would make the be allowed to write and visit convicts in Califor­ it to make people aware of what the judicial sys- program an established department entitled to reg- nia's prison system.

10 Broad support winsCrystai.City strike By RICHARD GARCIA The strike committee leaders- Is­ United Farm Workers Organizing and daughters. We have to unite." CRYSTAL CITY, Texas-A sponta­ mael Rivera, Maria Luisa Alonzo, Committee have spoken at the meet­ This unity was evident in Crystal neous farm strike began near here and Juan Duran- immediately ap­ ings. The mass pressure has forced C~ty! ~where La Raza Unida J>arty when 120 Chicanos walked out of pealed to the Chicano community for the Wagner Compeny to reimburse the Warren Wagner Company pack­ support. The response was massive. the workers for the wages taken in ing shed. The strike was initiated on La Verdad, a Raza paper, immediate­ the cutbacks. Other ranches in the area Jan. 21 by Chicanas, who are a ma­ ly published a special issue outlining have been forced to raise their work­ jority of the workers in the packing the problems and demands of the ers' wages to the minimum-wage-law shed. workers and urging support for their level in order to prevent the strike The next day, over 100 Chicano strike. from spreading to their workers. farm workers walked out of the Wag­ The mayor of Crystal City endorsed On Friday, Jan. 28, the Zavala ner fields to support the strike. This the strike. Support also came from the County Sheriff arrested five of the was said to be the first farm strike faculty and students at the high strikers when the strikers prevented in the history of Crystal City. The school, who joined the picket lines scabs from being trucked in. The com­ warehouse workers were angered over and lent financial assistance to the munity immediately responded with a recent cutback in pay from $1.60 strikers. La Raza Unida Party gave a march and rally of more than 1,800 to $1.30 an hour. The field workers its support as well. people. This forced Wagner to seri­ were similarly angered by a cut in All sectors of the Chicano commu­ ously negotiate, and by Monday, Jan. their pay from 40 cents to 20 ·cents nity were drawn into the daily picket­ 31, the Chicano strikers had won their a basket. ing of the Wagner farm and into demands. The strikers' demands were formu­ nightly educational meetings on the According to Jose Angel Gutierrez, lated at a rally outside the Wagner strike. the founder of La Raza Unida Party packing shed Friday night, Jan. 25. Erasmo Andrade, a public health in Crystal City, the strike had thrown Photo by The strikers demanded back wages administrator and . a member of La "quite a scare into the growers." One Farm workers in Crystal City taken in the cutbacks; toilets in the Raza Unida Party, stated that these of the workers stated that "the farm fields; cold drinking water in the fields; meetings were to educate the people strike began to bring justice to our payment of wages by check; 30 cents about the nature of the strike and Raza. It is not just for us to work . has, over the last two years, won a basket for everything picked; and its relationship to the Chicano move­ for lower wages than those provided control over all the city's major po­ the minimum wage for warehouse ment. by the minimum wage law. We have litical, administrative, and educational workers. Representatives of Cesar Chavez' to think of the future of our sons posts. Second mistrial in Harlem Four case By B. R. WASHINGTON eluded, the defense, led by prominent a conviction at the first trial in 1965. true and unbelievable" the entire tes­ NEW Y.ORK- On Jan. 27, the jury civil liberties lawyer William M. Kunst­ But when this verdict was overthrown timony of the main prosecuti9n wit­ in the trial of the Harlem Four had ler, revealed so many inconsistencies in 1968 by a higher court, the pros­ nesses. become what it described as "hope­ during cross-examination of the 29 ecution of the six became a matter Despite the evident weakness of his lessly deadlocked," 7 to 5 in favor prosecution witnesses that Assistant of personal vengeance. case, Lehner persisted in opposing of acquittal. Manhattan Supreme District Attorney Robert Lehner was A separate trial for Robert Rice end­ bail for the four. Judge Martinis over­ Court Justice Joseph A. Martinis then forced onto the defensive. ed in conviction. Daniel Hamm, an­ ruled him but set bail at the astro­ granted a mistrial. Lehner's star witnesses were two other defendant, then pleaded guilty. nomical figure of $75,000 for each~ For the four Black youths- Walter women, only 8 and 10 years old at Now both are appealing. defendant. "I expected after eight years Thomas, Ronald Felder, William the time of the incident; a drug addict A second trial for the remaining they would be released in their own Craig, and Wallace Baker, all of who admitted during his testimony four in May 1971 end~d in mistrial. recognizance," said defense attorney whom are 24, with the exception of that he needed a fix and would lie But during his summary before the Lewis M. Steel, according to the Jan. Baker, who is 25- it was the second to get one; and a man who claimed jury in the trial just concluded, Leh­ 28 Times. mistrial in the last eight months. to be a co-conspirator, but conceded ner implied that this would not be At present, Manhattan District At­ The defendants were originally ar­ he had lied and changed his testimony the last trial if his desired verdict were torney Frank S. Hogan is deciding rested along with two others in April three or four times in two earlier trials. not reached. "This is the fourth trial whether to continue further prosecu­ 1964 following the stabbing death of Other testimony came from a police in this case, but there are certain facts tion. If he does not, Judge Martinis a white· woman storekeeper in Harlem. fingerprint expert who supposedly had that will not change if there are eight will dismiss the case. But if he does, The four have been imprisoned since taken fresh prints identified as Craig's trials or 20 trials," he was quoted in there will be an ·unprecedented fourth that time- almost eight years- with­ from the door of the shop. However, the Jan. 23 New York Times. trial, prolonging the agony and pain out being convicted of a crime or in cross-examination by the defense, The jury consisted of eight meri and already endured by. the Harlem Four. granted bail. Thomas has a nine-year­ he admitted he really couldn't say four women whose average age was Supporters of the Harlem Four urge old daughter. Craig has written poems when the prints were made. 61. Three of the jurors were Black. that letters demanding the dropping that are now on exhibit in the Countee The history of the case and the role After the trial was over, one of the of all charges be sent to District At­ Cullen Library in Harlem. of Lehner throughout the trial are jurors told reporters that the seven torney Frank Hogan, 155 Leonard During the two-month trial just con- of particular interest. Lehner obtained dissenting jurors had rejected as "un- St., New York, N.Y. 10013. iLa Raza en AccicSn! CoDEL TO DEMAND BILINGUAL BALLOT: COLORADO MIGRANT PLIGHT HELD AP­ organization called Comite N acional Hermandad The Committee for Democratic Election Laws (Co­ PALLING: A study conducted by the Migrant General de Trabajadores•• (Natiopal Committee of DEL) is planning to file suit in U.S. District Court Community Studies Project in migrant and rural the General Brotherhood of Workers) has been in Northern California challenging several aspects areas throughout Colorado and the Southwest re­ protesting the stepped-up campaign against so­ of the election code in that state "that deny equal cently issued a 291-page report describing the called "illegal aliens" that the Immigration Ser­ access to the ballot and limit the right to vote." conditions faced by field workers and the rural vice has been carrying out. The Hermandad is Section 14217 of the California Election Code, poor. strongly rejecting the government's attempt to turn according to a CoDEL release, states the follow­ According to an article in the Dec. 24 Denver Chicanos against their less fortunate brothers and ing: "All proceedings at the polls shall be con­ Post, "Discrimination, prejudice, 'appalling' hous­ sisters from Mexico who have.no papers. ducted in the English language. No election of­ ing conditions, poor health and educational op­ In a leaflet issued by the group, they demand: ficial while on duty shall speak other than in portunities, and lack of economic assistance" is "1) All workers who are here should be legalized the English language." In 1970, another section the lot of Colorado farm workers. More than immediately! 2) While these visas are being pro­ of the code requiring voters to be able to read 50 percent of the housing available to field work­ cessed, no one should be deported. 3) All children, English was ruled unconstitutional. CoDEL ers was found to be substandard. Because mi­ women, and aged persons who are not workers charges that prohibiting election officials from us­ grants are "treated as a group separate from the and are here in our families should also be given ing any language other than English "not only local economy," they are effectively eliminated from visas. 4) No more deportations!" intimidates non-English-speaking voters but denies the benefits of social welfare programs. Only about The leaflet calls for "a new immigration pol­ them the aid they are entitled to by law.... " 12.5 percent of the field workers in Colorado, ac­ icy that will put an end to all exploitation of all The 1971 session of the California state legisla­ cording to the report, receive food stamp assis­ our people, of those born here, of those who have ture added Sections 14201.5 and 14201.6 to the tance. their permanent visas, and those who have not election code, requiring "Spanish and other ap­ The most indicting statistic revealed by the study been able to obtain them." Calling upon Chicanos propriate translations of the English ballot instruc­ is that the average life expectancy of the field with documents, as well as mexicanos and latinos tions and ballot measures to be posted in each worker is only 46 years. This compares with an without them, to unite, a Spanish-language leaf­ polling place." In addition, election officials are average life expectancy of 69-75 years for non­ let states that only "United as working people required to provide voters with a copy of the farm workers. The report stressed that this low and a poor people will we be able to rid our­ ballot in their language, upon request. life expectancy was not caused by the nature of selves of discrimination and oppression." One of The section insisting that all officials conduct field work, but rather "by poor healtl). conditions the main slogans of the Hermandad is "An in­ their business in English is clearly in contradiction and substandard housing." Needless to say, the jury to one is an injury to all!" Those interested to the recent additions by the state legislature, poor health results from the starvation diets forced in helping or finding out more· about their work and will' be challenged by CoDEL. Those interested upon. the farm workers because of the meager may write: Hermandad General de Trabajadores, in helping with the challenge or becoming co­ wages paid by multimillionaire growers. 2714 West Pico Boulevard, Los Angeles, Calif. plaintiffs may contact CoDEL, P. 0. Box 40445, 90006, or call: (213) 737-1269. San Francisco, Calif. 94140. RAZA GROUP FIGHTS DEPORTATIONS: An -ANTONIO CAMEJO

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11, 1972 11

/ -'~ • n I npopu By LESEVANS for social democracy, in that of Hector Benavides gram of capitalism, the defenders of the wealth of The election of a self-proclaimed socialist govern­ it is for consolidation." the old ruling class. Allende made the decision not ' ment in Chile in September 1970 and its survival This is a departure from Sweezy's earlier position to seriously challenge private property when the of more than a year in office has posed thorny of high hopes for the Allende regime. By consolida­ UP was formed. This was indicated by the inclu­ problems of strategy and tactics for radicals every­ tion, Sweezy and Benavides, a member of the left. sion in its ranks of the procapitalist Radical Party. where. Did the success <>f Salvador Allende's Uni­ wing of the Chilean Socialist Party, mean halting To keep an antisocialist party in a governmental dad Popular (People's Unity) coalition point to the the process of nationalizations at a stage acceptable or electoral coalition requires acceptance by all possibility of a peaceful, electoral transition to so­ to the bankers and industrialists, using the excuse the other participants of a pledge to respect capi­ cialism, to be achieved, moreover, by an alliance that it is necessary to reorganize or "consolidate" talist property and the legal norms of the old so­ between socialist groups and liberal capitalist par­ those factories already taken over by the govern­ ciety- all rigged to protect the privileges of a ties? ment. propertied minority. Sweezy now recognizes that In this country the left, with the virtual exception This is a fully justified judgment of the limita­ such a pledge was indeed made when he notices of the Socialist Workers Party and the Young So­ tions of the Allende regime. It is committed to re­ that the UP's program "is not a socialist program." cialist Alliance, has been disposed to hail Allende's form within the framework of capitalism. It has no Such multiclass blocs are nothing new. They coalition as a revolutionary force. An important strategy ·for, or intention of, challenging Chile's have existed since socialist parties became large departure from this apparent consensus is an arti­ real rulers. enough to command big blocs of votes and since cle by Paul M. Sweezy in the January 1972 issue the leaders of such parties first decided to trade a of Monthly Review. Under the title "Chile: Advan~e Deepening crisis revolutionary perspective for a chance at a gov­ or Retreat?" Sweezy writes: The deepening crisis in Chile, in which funds for ernment job. These coalitions have a name with "We must keep in mind that the UP program is Allende's reform program were cut off in January which Sweezy is at least familiar even if he draws not a socialist program but only a program de­ by the bourgeois-opposition-controlled congress, no conclusions from it. A year ago, an editorial in signed to set the stage for the construction of so­ has compelled 4:he most uncritical defenders of the the January 1971 issue of Monthly Review openly cialism. It envisages not the end of capitalism but so-called Chilean road to socialism to express a described the Chilean UP as a "popular front." It only 'the end of the power of national and foreign few second thoughts. Even the New York weekly added, in defense of this popular front, that it had monopolistic capital and latifundism,' a goal which Guardian, whose Stephen Torgoff, writing from been "elected on a program which is much more is probably acceptable to a large part of the officer Santiago, has been uncritically applauding every radical than any program on which a Western so­ corps [of the army]. (This view is supported by "progressive" promise of the UP, has noticed some cialist party or popular front has ever run, let what has happened in Peru, where the military has of the shabby reality behind the "socialist" glitter. alone won, ln the past." taken the initiative in developing and implementing Thus while Torgoff is able to write in the Jan. The one hitch is that this "radical" program, as . a program with very similar stated goals.) At the 5 Guardian that the "UP's position in government Sweezy now admits, was not socialist. This is not same time it is unlikely, not to say inconceivable, is not inco.mpatible with the historic task of the a matter of doctrinal purity. No country of the that any influential sector of the Chilean military proletariat to destroy the bourgeois state," by Jan. underdeveloped world that has not broken free of would go along with a really revolutionary pro­ 19 he is already "covering" his left flank in case the capitalist world market and expropriated its gram. But what this means is that by seeking to something unpleasant should happen to the Allende native capitalist class has been able to institute any ally himself to the military, Allende has already government. Torgoff now writes: serious industrialization or raise the standard of made his decision. In Portada's terminology it is "The same law and constitution to which the gov­ living of the masses. There is nothing progressive ernment p.->ints as its main defense are being used about reforms that have to be taken away again by the right to attack it. Although the government because there is no money to pay for them. Even has had no choice but to avoid bloody confronta­ such elementary improvements as the free milk tions in the streets which would discredit the UP ration for children instituted by the Allende gov­ with wavering middle sectors and perhaps bring ernment have now been canceled because the con­ the intervention of the army, it cannot win the gress, which is in the hands of the old ruling-class battle in congress either." parties, has cut off the funds. Both Monthly Review and the Guardian claim to be Marxist publications, yet neither attempts any Class collaboration explanation for the failure of the Allende experi­ What, then, is this popular front that Sweezy ment. All they can do is add up pluses and minuses passes over so lightly? Is it one possible strategy like bookkeepers, refusing to extend further credit for achieving socialism, or is it inherently incapable only when it appears that the firm of Allende and of securing such a transformation? The name was Co. is headed for bankruptcy. coined by the Communist International; which, Neither Sweezy nor Torgoff discusses the charac­ under the influence of Stalin, officially adopted the ter of the coalition that won office in Chile in Sep­ tactic of seeking such alliances at its Seventh World tember 1970. Sweezy discovered only in January Congress in 1935. What was envisioned was an 1972 that Allende had decided to ally himself with electoral bloc between Commun~st, Socialist, and the army rather than with the revolution. But when liberal capitalist parties aimed at preventing the Sweezy cites the army all he really means is the rise of fascism. Such alliances were never supposed most obvious organized embodiment of the pro- to achieve socialism- if they were, the liberals

the 0' Higgins area, the UP received Valdivia compared the results to "a From Intercontinental Press a majority last April, but in Colcha­ strong tremor, grade 4, but short of By JON ROTHSCHILD gua the Christian Democratic and N a­ an earthquake." On January 20, in the wake of the tiona! parties ran well ahead. The defeat of government-supported can­ combined vote gave the UP a slight Preliminary analysis of the returns, Election didates in two by-elections January majority in the district. according to the January 18 Le 16, Chilean President Salvador For the O'Higgins-Colchagua Sen­ Monde, indicated that the UP had lost Allende Gossens "accepted" the resigna­ ate seat. the January 16 race pitted heavily among the small and middle tion of his cabinet. The electoral set­ the Christian Democrat Rafael Mo­ peasant proprietors, who feared that defeats back thus triggered one of the most reno, who directed the agrarian re­ the government planned to reduce serious parliamentary crises for the form program under the Eduardo Frei from 80 to 40 hectares the amount Unidad Popular(UP-Popular Unity) regime, against Hector Olivares, of land that can be owned by families. regime since Allende's inauguration a member of the Socialist party and Allende's program of advancing to in November 1970~ head of the copper miners' union. Fi­ socialism via the electoral road turned · P9~e Under normal conditions, the two nal returns gave Moreno 77,614 votes what would have otherwise been two elections would have been of less than to 68,338 for Olivares, representing relatively unimportant by-elections ea,rth-shattering importance. The dis­ a shift of about 5,000 votes from the (the outcome of which did not even CriSIS tricts involved, one encompassing UP to the opposition since April. alter the parliamentary relation of O'Higgins and Colchagua provinces, forces) into a psychological victory the other Linares province, comprise In Linares, National party candi­ for the rightist forces now mobilizing only about 5 percent of Chile's vot­ date Sergio Diez got 29,990 votes, in Chile. ers. The O'Higgins-Colchagua. con- compared to 21,165 for Maria Eliana In the 1970 presidential elections, for Mery, the government-supported can­ Allende's popular front was able to ~:~t ~::t f~:da b~hna~~~~t:; ~~~~tii~: didate. This represented a shift of win a plurality, although not a ma­ holder, a member of the right-wing about 2,500 votes away from UP­ jority, of the popular vote. But his All en de Partido Nacional (PN- National par­ backed parties since the April elections. inauguration as president was con­ ty), fled the country in panic after In both races the Christian Democratic firmed only by the acquiescence of the • Allende's election. The Linares Senate and National parties supported each Christian Democrats in the National other's candidates, closing ranks Congress. That acquiescence was against the left. based on a series of concessions from ~eglme1 ~e:~!::t ~~ :~!: ~:ve~a(~~!~~ I ago. Neither of the districts had been Moreno, a "rising star" in the Chris­ Allende. Both houses of Congress are centers of UP strength. tian Democratic organization, called controlled by the opposition, as are In the April 1971 municipal elec­ the results "a victory for democracy the courts. The press is largely anti­ tions, the UP parties polled 23,100 which the totalitarian elements in the government, and the army and police votes in Linares, compared to 26,800 government will have to heed." Minis­ are run by officer corps not noted for the parties of the opposition. In ter of the Interior Alejandro Rios for their revolutionary zeal. (One of

12 ______.... __ .... ______····-·-<._,,

would never have participated in them-but only for a government to support this or that reform. It frontism is still being dragged into battle by the to defend democratic rights under capitalism. also disposes of an army and police, it has a for forces loyal to the Kremlin in world politics. For But here a serious question is posed as to the eign policy, it must defend or oppose private prop­ Moscow, the aim is the same as in Stalin's time, kind of alliances that a socialist party can make erty in the means of production. to secure the election of liberal regimes willing to and still remain committed to the struggle for so­ This is why Torgoff is com'pletely wrong when peacefully coexist with the Soviet Union. For the cialism. Stalin and his apologists argued that the he writes that the "UP's position in government is Communist parties it is a way of establishing their popular front was merely an extension of Lenin's not incompatible with the historic task of the pro­ respectability as defenders of "democracy" and lim­ united front tactic adopted by the Third Interna­ letariat to destroy the bourgeois state." An electoral ited social reform. Sadly enough for the working tional in 1921. In reality the two have nothing in bloc with a nonsocialist program that administers class taken in by this, such a policy in the long common. Lenin began from the self-evident propo­ a capitalist government becomes an agent of capi­ r~n not only fails to produce socialism but it can­ sition that the revolutionary forces, which at that talist rule, whatever subjective intention its partici­ not guarantee democracy or reform either. · time were mainly the Communist parties, counted pants and supporters may have to the contrary. in their ranks only a minority of the working class. Stalin's theory of the people's front was designed Fails to mobilize masses To defend the working class from governmental to serve a very narrow end. It was tied to the So­ The UP is following a course of timid reformism attack required mobilizing in action far larger viet government's search for "collective security" in the midst of a revolutionary social crisis. It is forces than those immediately in and around the against Nazi Germany. The people's front coali­ under attack from the right, which is preparing an Communist parties. It required alliances with other tions were supposed to secure military alliances onslaught against the working class. The refusal tendencies on the left, first and foremost in those between the Kremlin and the supposedly more of the UP to seriously mobilize the Chilean masses days the reformist Socialist parties. The key to liberal and democratic sector of the imperialist iri their own defense is a sure prescription for a such an alliance was that it be around concrete bourgeoisie in France, Britain, and the United savage defeat. actions against the capitalist class and that it not States. Since the imperialists obviously could not Sweezy justifies his refusal to see that such an give political support to the avowed enemies of the be persuaded to embrace socialism, the Communist antirevolutionary policy is inherent in the nature working class- that is, the capitalists, liberal or parties were charged with demonstrating their re­ of the UP as a class-collaborationist formation by otherwise. spectability to the liberals and lending Communist claiming that "the real political forces in the gov­ The united front- say, in defense of a particular votes to the job of electing liberal governments that ernment camp are the Socialist and Communist strike, or against press censorship- did not reject would presumably be friendly to the Soviet Union. parties and Allende himself." According to this support from liberals as long as it was on the thesis the inclusion of the bourgeois Radical Party basis of real action on behalf of the working class. In fact every imperialist power and every capi­ means nothing and the coalition should not be The easiest way to ·preserve such clarity of purpose talist class opposes the very existence of any work­ judged on this basis because the balance of power is in a single-issue united front such as the antiwar ing-class regime, even such a bureaucratized and rests with the working-class parties. movement in the United States today. antirevolutionary one as that in the USSR. So from Here Sweezy grievously misreads the historical But a coalition that aims at winning elections a practical standpoint Stalin's capitulation before lessons of popular frontism. It is true that in the and administering a government is something al­ the liberal imperialists failed to secure the alliance French Popular Front of the 1930s the bourgeois together different. Here the first question to answer he sought and he eventually turned around and parties held a mechanical majority, but this was is what class will this government represent, what himself signed an agreement with Hitler in 1939. not the case in Spain. During the Spanish Civil will its whole social program be? It is not enough Unfortunately the political corpse of popular War ( 1936-39) the procapitalist Republican regime fell more and more directly under the control of the Spanish Communist Party, backed up by the Com­ intern's International Brigades and a large staff of Soviet "advisers." If in Spain the Republican government filled its prisons with revolutionists rather than fascists, this was not because the pro­ capitalist parties in the coalition outvoted the Com­ munists and Socialists; it was because in agreeing to such an alliance in the first place the Communist Party had committed itself to defend liberal capi­ talism from the left as well as from the right. In a revolutionary situation such a decision means more than inadequately opposing rightist thrusts, it means actively suppressing the left. · There have already been ominous signs in Chile that Allende's decision to try to win over the army means giving the generals a free hand to act against the peasant land seizures and against other initiatives of the masses that go beyond the pre­ A nationalized Ford plant (left) and a clash provoked by rightists during Dec. 2 "march scribed, legalistic channels approved by the Uni- · of the empty pots" in Santiago. dad Popular.

Allende's 1970 concessions to the that run against its basic economic dollars. Chile's dollar reserves But he continued to try to justify Christian Democrats was a pledge to and political interests. It has been mo­ dropped from $335,000,000 in No­ his program by appealing to bour­ prohibit the formation of "private mili­ bilizing against the Unidad Popular vember 1970 to $100,000,000 one geois legality, even when confronted tia," that is, any popular armed force regime, and this has led to a deepen­ year later. By the end of 1971, the with such a direct imperialist threat: independent of the army and police.) ing polarization of forces in Chile. balance of payments deficit stood at "I think that small dependent coun­ Consequently, Allende holds office The Unidad Popular has thus come $210,000,000. tries such as ours are countries that largely by virtue of the sufferance of under increasing pressure, both from In February the Chilean govern­ have the right to be respected. Our the Christian Democrats. His projected the right and the left. The "march of ment will meet in Paris with repre­ laws are within the framework of our reforms can be overruled by Congress the empty pots" and the antigovern­ sentatives of the United· States and constitutions, written by a congress or be declared unconstitutional by the ment mass meetings of December twelve other Western countries to re­ more than 150 years old. For that courts. The strategy of the Chilean na­ showed that the bourgeoisie is pre-· negotiate a plan to repay Chile's for­ reason, it is a country that can dic­ tional bourgeoisie has been to block paring for extraparliamentary action. eign debt, which is estimated to be tate its own laws with dignity." unacceptable economic and social re­ Allende's failure to deliver on his on the order of $3,000,000,000! Such In the context of the domestic po­ forms and wait for the masses to be­ election promises has already given a debt, especially when compounded larization of forces and the attempts come disappointed with Allende be­ rise to collfliderable disenchantment on by shrinking reserves, is a source of Continued on page 22 cause of his failure to carry out his the part of Chile's workers and peas­ massive pressure on a regime that promises. With the erosion of the Al­ ants. One of the few slogans around · insists on remaining within the bounds lende regime, the rightists can then which the UP has actually tried to of the capitalist world market. stage a comeback. mobilize the masses has been the "bat­ On January 19 Nixon announced tle for production," a polite term for a new policy toward countries nation­ Allende, on his part, has steadfastly speedup. Chilean workers have under­ alizing U. S.-owned industry. From refused to step beyond electoral standably failed to respond to the slo­ now on, he said, the United States bounds, taking the attitude that if the gan. Although about 100 large fac­ would suspend all aid agreements with Unidad Popular is voted out of of­ tories have been nationalized, some any country that does not take "rea­ fice "democratically," Chile's march to 34,000 small enterprises remain in sonable steps" to insure rapid and private hands: Even in the big fac­ "just" payment of compensation to the itgo•ng socialism is ended, and disaster en­ sues. tories, government delegates outnum­ U.S. owners whose holdings are na­ The fate of the country, according ber workers' delegates on the man­ tionalized. to Allende, should be settled in the agement boards by six to five. sociQiist? electoral arena. This attitude tends to Combined with the domestic polari­ The statement was directed largely convert every election, no matter how zation has been mounting imperial­ at countries like Chile, and Allende by Peter Came JOinor, into a portentous contest The ist pressure on Chile. The Kennecott lost no time in answering. The same right wing, on the other hand, al­ Copper Corporation, one of the major night the Nixon pronouncement was 60~ though it seeks to make the most of U.S. companies having investments issued, Allende said that the people Pathfi.,der Press, 410 West any electoral gains, has no intention in Chile, has demanded immediate of Chile would not tolerate others St., New York, N.Y. 10014 of abiding by any electoral decisions payment of a debt of several million "trampling" on their independence.

THE MIUTANT/FEBRUARY 11, 1972 13 .Pulley tours Ohio; SWP files petitions By BOB BRESNAHAN • paign committee had also requested CLEVELAND, Jan. 31- Today the that Pulley be permited to visit the •71 Socialist Ohio Socialist Workers Party filed Ohio state penitentiary in Columbus. 9, 767 signatures on nominating pe­ The request was refused, but Pulley • titions with the secretary of state. This was able to hold a well-attended press total far surpasses the minimum re­ conference at the main gate of the quirement of 5,000 to place the elec­ penitentiary, which is a few blocks tors for SWP presidential and vice­ from the governor's mansion. Pulley Cam presidential candidates, Linda Jenness promised that if he and Linda Jen­ and Andrew Pulley, on the Ohio bal­ ness were elected in November, one lot. · of their first actions would be to free George McGovern, speaking recently and speak to the people the truth. The SWP also won a suit today Ahmed Evans, who has been on death at the University of Washington in Peace," against the Feb. 2 filing deadline for row since 1968 on frame-up charges Seattle, was questioned by Young So­ Dave Wilson, Wichita, Kan. local candidates set by the new Ohio stemming from a police riot in Cleve­ cialists for Jenness and Pulley, and election laws. Judge Green extended land. others, on the Indochina war, the Mid­ "Recently I attended a speech by the filing date by 30 days after hear­ At Ohio State University in Colum­ dle East, freedom for Angela Davis, George McGovern in my town. At that ing arguments that the failure to ·re­ bus, nearly half of the 50 people at the prison revolts, and other issues. time I was given various literature district congressional boundaries un­ Pulley's meeting endorsed the cam­ Mike Kelly of Seattle reports that regarding Jenness and Pulley as pres­ til Jan. 20 had imposed hardships paign. Pulley was the guest lecturer a YSJP leaflet on McGovern's record idential and vice-presidential candi­ on candidates seeking ballot status. to an Afro-American history class at­ "was well received by the crowd of dates. Although a McGovern support­ Senator Henry Jackson (D-Wash.) tended by 130 at Case Western Re­ about 1,500, as evidenced by the wait­ er, I would be interested in hearing had filed a similar suit. serve University in Cleveland. and-see attitude they took toward his more about your candidates' plat­ The petition drive windup coincided In Edinboro, Pa., near Erie, more speech. He received no applause dur­ form. with a six-day tour of the Ohio re­ than 70 students at Edinboro State ing his speech at the points he ob­ At Keene High School, which I at­ gion by Andrew Pulley. His. visit to College have endorsed the campaign. viously expected to. . . . " tend, there have been many persons this area was the first stop of a tour Pulley's meeting of 125 people in At the meeting, YSJPers sold 29 speaking for presidential candi- that will cover the Eastern part of Edinboro was covered by two Erie copies of The Militant and 34 copies . dates•.•• the country. Pulley received an enthu­ TV stations. of the pamphlet Everything you al­ · I and others would like to have siastic response on eight campuses in In addition to the news conferences ways wanted to know about George Jenness and/ or Pulley come and Ohio, Kentucky, and Western Penn­ and the campus meetings, Pulley was McGovern•... speak. I have spoken with a history sylvania. interviewed by the Cincinnati Post teacher about it and he said that we In Kentucky, a group of Young Times-Star, and by campus and daily As of Jan. 27, the socialist campaign can give speaking time to any pres­ S_ocialists for Jenness and Pulley has newspapers in Cleveland. had been endorsed by 3,266 people. idential candidate or their represen­ been formed to help put Jenness and During the tour the Jenness-Pulley The following is the breakdown by tative. Pulley on the ballot. At the U of Ken­ campaign obtained the endorsements categories, with figures for the week Do you think you could arrange tucky in Lexington, 125 people at­ of Ray Henry, former president of of Jan. 20-27 in parentheses: Young a time for Jenness and Pulley to come? tended a student-government-spon­ the Case Western Reserve University Socialists for Jenness and Pulley, 1,- Think about it and get in touch, poss­ sored meeting with Pulley. Afro-American Society; Mike Payne, 419 (62); Women for Jenness and ibly suggesting a date." Pulley also attempted to visit Ft. the Black student government presi­ Pulley, 757 (30); Afro-Americans for Susan Wright, Keene, N. H. Knox. But he was denied the welcome dent at CSU; and Morgan Hamilton, Jenness and Pulley, 265 (16); Chi­ routinely given to capitalist candidates one of the l~aders of the newly formed canos for Jenness and Pulley, 73 (19); On Jan. 22, Debby Leonard, SWP and was refused entry to the base. Black Sisters in Struggle, a women's and the general category, 752 (33). 1972 Texas gubernatorial candidate, addressed a meeting of the Harris Pulley denounced this action by the liberation group in Cleveland's Black The top three states for the week County Women's Political Caucus. Ft. Knox provost marshal at a press community. were: California, 86 new endorse­ The meeting, held in Houston, drew conference covered by the Louisville On Jan. 29, the tour culminated with ments; Illinois, 26; and Michigan, 25. more than 100 women. Times, the Louisville Bluegrass De­ a banquet attended by 40 campaign If you would like to participate in Leonard, the only woman candidate fender, and WAVE-TV. supporters. At the banquet $300 was the endorser, drive, send a request for for governor, focused her remarks on The Ohio Socialist Workers cam- raised for the ""·"•IJ•a.•J~u. an organizing kit, including a free the need for women to build an in­ packet of endorser cards, to the na­ dependent movement to fight for their tional campaign office. demands, such as the national abor­ tion law repeal campaign. She also Brooklyn SWP congressional candi­ pointed to the record of racism and date Peter Buch spoke on behalf of sexism of both the Democratic and Linda Jenness' presidential candidacy Republican parties, stating that wom­ to a meeting of about 100 people en could put no faith in either of these Jan. 19. The meeting was sponsored capitalist parties to meet their needs by the Bay Ridge Independent Demo­ and help end their oppression. crats, a chapter of the New Demo­ cratic Coalition, the liberal wing of "The Black Community and the '72 the Democratic Party in New York. Elections," a 16-page brochure that Representatives of a number of other discusses a strategy for the Black com­ candidates also spoke. munity in the elections and outlines Five people endorsed the SWP cam­ the SWP program . for the Black lib­ paing, and 10 copies of Everything YSJPer lisa Potash speaks on McGovern's record dur­ eration struggle, is now available you always wanted to know about ing discussion period of McGovern meeting at Univer­ from the SWP national campaign of­ . George McGovern. • • • were sold. sity of Washington. fice. The price is two cents per bro­ chure for bulk orders.

The following is a selection of mail The Jan. 17 issue of Monolith, an YSJP coordinators recently received by the SWP national underground newspaper published campaign office: weekly at Sam Houston State Uni­ "I am chairman of the TSJP (Tide­ versity in Texas, reprints in full the begin national tours water Students for Jenness and Pul­ text of the Texas Socialist Workers ley). In our 'campaign' throughout campaign platform brochure. By STEVE BLOOM joined in confronting S~nator Henry the high schools and community col­ Two national coordinators of Young Jackson (D-Wash.), a Democratic leges we have found our students to A one-hour tape of the entire Jan. Socialists for Jenness and Pulley, presidential hopeful. Jackson was dis­ be very receptive. In order to continue 15 debate between Linda Jenness and Laura Miller and Tom Vernier, have credited in the eyes of much of the our success, we would greatly appre­ Representative Paul McCloskey is begun a national campaign tour to audience because of his opposition to ciate any literature regarding the SWP available for $5 from the SWP na­ win new supporters to the Jenness and the repeal of anti-abortio·n laws, and candidates and the socialist movement tional campaign office. The tape is Pulley campaign and help organize his stand against the iight of the Viet­ in general. Much thanks," especially useful for radio shows, and YSJP groups throughout the country. namese to self-determination. The Barry Weinstein, Newport News. Va. campaign supporters are urged to On the first leg of the tour, Miller meeting was extensively covered in contact local commercial and campus was in Georgia and Florida. The the media. Also in Gainesville, Miller stations about playing the tape. highlight of her Southeastern swing debated two members of the Students "I have received the information you was the campaign banquet and rally for McGovern. sent me on the SWP and have been Address all letters, inquiries, or re­ attended by 50 people in Atlanta on At Florida State University in Tal­ 'turned on' to the party and its phi­ quests for campaign materials to So­ Jan. 22. The collection netted over lahassee, all of the 20 students at losophy. Over the last few weeks I've cialist Workers Campaign, 706 $500 for the campaign. When offered Miller's meeting w~o were not already been soul searching 'bout what I can Broadway, Eighth Floor, New York, a choic~ of various events to cover endorsers of the campaign signed up do for the cause of the SWP. After N.Y. 10003. Telephone: (212) 260- over the weekend, one third of a jour­ after her talk. reading the copy of The Militant sent nalism class at Georgia State Univer­ Tom Vernier began his portion of to me I have decided that I want 4150. -STEVE BEREN sity chose to write about the rally. the tour in the Northwest. He has ·to bring Jenness & Pulley to Wichita In Florida, Miller was interviewed spoken at meetings on college cam­ for half an hour on WINZ radio and puses in Washington and Oregon. His appeared on the Mid-day Scene show tour has been covered in the news­ on Channel 10 in Miami. At the Uni­ papers and on the radio in both Seat­ versity of Fl<.>rida in- Gainesville, she tle and Portland.

14 In the two minute~ she was permitted sponsibie.for his arbitrary expulsion, at the mike, Jenness refuted the notion Lieberman said, "These junior Joe Mc­ Socialist Jenness­ that pulling the lever for the "good Carthies thought that by getting rid guys" in the Democratic Party would of me as a student and eliminating bring about any meaningful change the course I was teaching ["How to joins race Steinem for women, Blacks, or Chicanos. Make a Socialist Revolution in the U. S."j, they could prevent socialist Jenness held a well-attended press ideas from reaching F S U students. conference on Jan. 28 in which she "I have some sad news for Senator for. D.C. ~xchange publicly answered Senator Mc­ [William] Barrow and company," Lie­ Govern's charge that her campaign berman continued, promising that had singled him out as a "special with his campaign "the socialist ideas target." She also exposed Nixon's lat­ that were in my class are going to be delegate Workers est "peace plan" as an attempt to lay brought to all the people of Florida." By CALVIN GODDARD :~:kit:~~ocllill•• Party presidential candidate Linda the basis for further escalation of the Lieberman's dismissal followed a WASHINGTON, D. C., Jan. 26- Her­ Jenness debated a spokeswoman for war in Southeast Asia. long series of battles between witch­ man Fagg. announced his campaign the Shirley Chisholm campaign and More than 50 women attended a hunting officials and FSU students, as Socialist Workers Party candidate joined Gloria Steinem, a leader of the cocktail party sponsored _by Women which have made Lieberman and the for D. C. nonvoting delegate at a Women's Political Caucus, iJ;l a panel for Jenness and Pulley on Jan. 29. YSA a focus of attack for two years. press conference here today. His in­ discussion while on tour here. Jenness also participated in a meeting His suit seeking reinstatement is cur­ tention to enter the race for delegate One hundred ten people attended the of the Los Angeles Women's Abor­ rently on appeal before the U.S. Fifth was covered by the Washington Post Jan. 28 debate at the Militant Labor tion Action Coalition while on tour Circuit Court (see The Militant Jan. and several radio stations. Forum between Jenness and Shirley here. 28). Fagg, who is 27, became a civil Quaimyne of the Chisholm Now Com­ Jenness' visit to Los Angeles will rights activist in the early 1960s and mittee. Jenness and Quaimyne both culminate with a campaign banquet More than 51,000 signatures were was active in the Free Speech Move­ expressed opposition to the war in on Feb. 4. obtained in two weeks' petitioning in ment at the University of California Southeast Asia and support for the Florida last month to place SWP pres­ at Berkeley. He took part in struggles liberation struggles of women and the idential and vice-presidential can­ for Black studies as a student at East­ oppressed nationalities. They dis­ didates Linda Jenness and Andrew ern Michigan University in Ypsilanti agreed, however, on how these goals Pulley on the ballot here. Lieberman and as a teacher at Marin College could be reached. Quaimyne defended Lieberman said that ~his "shows that, despite the in Marin County, Calif. As an ac- · Chisholm's efforts within the Demo- hysterical pleas of Senator l Robert] tivist in the Black antiwar movement cratic Party, while Jenness explained Haverfield and others, the majority he served as cochairman of the Third that only movements independent of runs for of Floridians support democratic World Task Force for the massive the two capitalist parties can make rights and are willing to consider a April 24, 1971, antiwar demonstra­ the changes necessary in American socialist alternative. . . . tion in Washington, D. C. society. Congress "And that's what the 1972 SWP cam­ Jenness and Gloria Steinem were By ROSE PEACOCK paign of Linda Jenness for president, SWP files in Mich. among the eight panelists at a Jan. TALLAHASSEE, Fla., Jan. 31- In Andrew Pulley for vice-president, and On Jan. 31 the Michigan Socialist 30 forum sponsored by the National a news conference here today, "Radi­ Jack Lieberman for Congress is going Workers Party presented the state Organization for Women (NOW). cal Jack" Lieberman announced his to bring the people of Florida- a real Election Bureau with 28,900 sig­ More than 1,000 women attended. The candidacy on the Socialist Workers alternative, a socialist alternative!" natures on nominating· petitions, forum included an exchange between Party ticket for the U.S. House of The announcement was covered by the largest number of signatures Steinem and Jenness over what po­ Representatives from Florida's Second six TV stations and 33 radio stations litical path feminists should take. Congressional District. Lieberman is around the state, as well as by the obtained by any independent po­ Steinem, who remarked that she con­ the Young Socialist Alliance leader Tallahassee Democrat, the FSU Flam­ litical party seeking ballot status siders herself more radical than M~rx, who was dismissed from Florida State beau, AP, and UPI. in Michigan. The state requires concluded by stating her support for University Nov. 6, 1971, because of Lieberman and two Young Social­ 14,230 signatures. Senator George McGovern's campaign his revolutionary ideas. ists for Jenness and Pulley (YSJP) to win the Democratic Party nomina­ Referring to the state legislators, uni­ coordinators began a statewide cam­ He is presently an apprentice iron tion for president. versity regents, and administrators re- paign tour after the news conference. . worker and a member of Local 201, International Association of Bridge, Structural and Ornamental Iron Workers. Fagg's major opponent in the Nov. Miss~ppi Valley State, Fisk University, Jackson 7 elections is incumbent Walter Faunt­ roy. Fauntroy has stated his intention to run in the D. C. presidential pri­ StateJougaloo Cdlege. ..Graml)ing Colege,Ciark mary as a candidate for the Demo­ cratic Party nomination. At a recent campaign IIJ-eeting, ;Fagg blasted Fauntroy apd the other members of Colege,Morris Brown, Claffin College ... Fayetteville the Congressional Black Caucus for helping maintain illusions in the Dem­ ocratic Party instead of mobilizing State, Bennett College ... Dillard University, Atlanta Black people against the genocidal war in Southeast Asia, the Angela Davis frame-up, and the Attica mas­ University, Savannah State, Hampton Institute, sacre. SWP campaign supporters plan to obtain the 3,000 signatures necessary Alabama StateJuskegee Institute, Norfolk State ... to place Fagg's name on the ballot. 46 Black colleges in the South will be visited by one volunteer team of Afro-Americans for Jenness a Pulley. Their expenses for 8 weeks work out to about $70 per college ...won~t you helpl . · ------­( ) Enclosed is $70 to cover the cost of the volunteer team's visit to one of the colleges above. Herman Fagg ( ) Enclosed is a donation of $_to help with the expenses of the team. ( ) I con pledge to donate $_every month.

Nome ______Address ______City______Stote ______Zip ______

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11, 1972 15 The olficers and sponsors of. the Speakers at the Jan. 23 ra}ly in­ emergency proclaimed by the Cana­ USLA Justice Committee include a cluded 1\ran Barr, chairman of dian government after an FLQ kid­ wide spectrum of liberal and radical NICRA; Mary Cotter and John napping] showed them how the regime opinion in this country. Among them Keane, joint general secretaries of the could profit from spectacular explo­ Protest are Paul Sweezy, editor of Monthly IRC; and Representative Edward sions which · are isolated from any Review; Professor Herbert Marcuse, Koch (D-N. Y.). An earlier rally by revolutionary strategy." He felt the University of California at La Jolla; the Northern Aid Committee featured FLQ actions benefit "only those who political John Gerassi, former Newsweek editor Representative Mario Biaggi (D­ use the permanent 'FLQ menace' to and author of The Great Fear in Latin N.Y.). increase the motivations and the op­ America; Felix McGowan, former Both Koch and Biaggi urged dem­ portunities to club the liberation move­ Maryknoll priest in Latin America; onstrators to write letters to their rep­ ment of the Quebec masses, while wait- jailings in Richard Garza~ national committee resentatives about the sad conditions . ing for the 'big' chance that will al­ member of the Socialist Workers Par­ in Northern Ireland. Barr, Cotter, and low them to do everything in their ty; Herbert Aptheker, Communist Par­ Keane called for continued mass dem­ power to break the back of the move­ Argentina ty; James Petras, professor of polit­ onstrations in , the streets, both in the ment once and for all." ical science at Pennsylvania State Uni­ U.S. and in Northern Ireland, as the However, Vallieres unfortunately NEW YORK-In December the versity; and Conrad Lynn, prominent most effective way to mobilize mass views support to the bourgeois-nation­ United States Committee for Justice civil liberties attorney. sentiment against British repression. alist Parti Quebecois (PQ) as part of to Latin American Political Prisoners his new orientation to the masses. Funds are urgently needed to carry For further information about fu­ (USLA) launched a campaign to pro­ Alain Beiner, a leader of the Ligue on and expand this work. They should ture demonstrations and about the sit­ test the denial of civil liberties in Ar­ Socialiste Ouvriere in Quebec, de­ be sent to USLA Justice Committee, uation in Ireland in general, readers gentina. A promising initial response scribed Vallieres' evolution in the Jan. P. 0. Box 2303, New York, N.Y. can contact the Irish Republican to the international call issued by the 17 Labor Challenge: "Analyzing the 1000 1. Subscriptions to the USLA Re­ Clubs, USA and Canada, 37-76 64th committee has been received from Ar­ present political conjuncture, Vallieres porter ($2 for 10 issues) and mate­ St., Woodside, N.Y. 11377. Tele­ gentina, Europe, and from within the defines the task of revolutionaries to­ rials on the Argentine campaign can phone: (212) 651-5844. United States. · day: educating, organizing and mo­ also be ordered from the same ad­ Three thousand people marched in bilizing the masses, rather than learn­ dress, or by calling (212) 924-0894. the streets of Buenos Aires Dec. 15, ing to handle arms and plant bombs. demanding freedom for all political To be sure, Vallieres is mistaken when prisoners. It was the largest demon­ Quebec he concludes that it is necessary to stration to take place in Argentina all join the Parti Quebecois, which he year. considers to be the vehicle of our lib­ · The Associated Press reported that leader eration. The bourgeois PQ is a de­ on Jan. 13 the lawyers and families formed expression of the mass move­ of 30 prisoners released a 60-page ment and an obstacle to the develop­ statement to the Buenos Aires press rejects ment and mobilization of this same that documented the systematic use mass movement." The PQ has opposed of torture in Argentine jails. the' major struggles that have led to A statement issued Jan. 19 by the terrorism a deepening of the class, nationalist, Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation in By TONY THOMAS and socialist consciousness within the London said: "Repeated complaints Pierre Vallieres, author of White Nig­ Quebec working class, including the from citizens of Argentina draw at­ gers of America and leading theore­ Oct. 16 mass mobilization of 8,000 tention to an unprecedented wave of tician of "armed struggle" in Quebec, in defense of a French Quebec and ~he police brutality in that country. Nu­ announced in mid-December his break Oct. 29 mobilization of 10,000 in sup­ merous students and political activists with the Quebec terrorist group Front port of the striking La Presse work­ have been murdered by the police, de Liberation d~ Quebec (FLQ- Que­ ers. and professional people including law­ bec Liberation Front), and with ter­ yers and doctors have been either kid­ rorism. napped or murdered. We appeal to This declaration, made in the form civil rights organizations, and social­ of a letter to the editor of the Mont­ ist and radical opinion, throughout real daily Le Devoir, has dealt the Palestine the world to protest to the Argentinian Quebecois ultraleft a stunning blow. authorities concerning these brutali- In a series of articles sent to Montreal . ties, and to demand that they be newspapers Vallieres explained why bases in brought to an end." he rejected terrorism and now recog­ nizes the need for revolutionaries to In the United States, enthusiastic Argentina's dictator General Ale­ support for the campaign came from participate in mass struggles. Syria jandro Lanusse Chicanos attending the Mid-West La Vallieres' renunciation of terrorism Raza Conference Jan. 22-23, and from follows the failure of the FLQ's ter­ hundreds of youth attending the rorist campaign, which included the attacked Young Socialist Alliance national con­ kidnapping of important government By TONY THOMAS vention in Houston last December. 2,500 in officials in the fall of 1970. These Continuing its offensive against Pales­ The USLA, formed in December activities provided the Canadian gov­ tinian bases in Arab countries, Israel 1966, fights for the rights of dissidents ernment an opportunity to launch a on Jan. 24 launched an air attack in almost every country in Latin N.Y. Irish major repression against radicals, na­ on Palestinian commando bases 20 America. It played a central role in tionalists, and trade unionists in Que­ miles inside Syria near the town of the United States organizing the cam­ bec and served to isolate the FLQ Dera. The Jan. 25 New York Times paign to save the life and eventually from the mass movements. The recent reported, "A Syrian military SI?okes­ solidarity deepening radicalization of Quebec win the release of the Peruvian rev­ man was quoted by the Damascus olutionary peasant leader Hugo workers, expressed in mass actions radio today as having said that Syr­ Blanco, and in the defense of the stu­ action in defense of the French language and ian air defenses drove off Israeli fight­ the strike of La Presse newspaper dents arrested in Mexico City in 1968. By FRANK MANNING er planes.... " The USLA Reporter, the bimonthly NEW YORK- When the Regimental workers, totally bypassed the FLQ. According to the Jan. 26 issue of magazine of the committee, has also Band, Pipes, Drums, and Dancers of The Jan. 17 Labor Challenge, a so­ the Paris daily Le Monde, the raids been responsible for getting the real Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II' s cialist biweekly published in Canada, centered on the Tel Arar camp, "one facts of many cases of repression into Scots Guards performed at Madison quotes Vallieres: "If the 'FLQ threat' of two most important concentrations the North American press. Among Square Garden here Jan. 22 and 23, has for a year been the theme of the of commandos- sheltering nearly 200 them are the facts in the case of Carlos they were met by significant protests. public declarations of the authorities, fedayeen." The other is in southern Feliciano, the Puerto Rican indepen­ The demonstration Jan. 22 drew it is because the October crisis [the Lebanon. In early January, the Is­ October 1970 "war measures" state of dence fighter who was first framed 500 people despite freezing tempera­ raelis raided these bases in southern up in May 1970, and much of the tures and a driving rain. Twenty-five Lebanon. current information on Argentine po­ hundred people took part in the fol­ The Dera region, near the Jorda­ litical prisoners. lowing day's march and rally, the nian border, has been the main center USLA has also opened the pages largest ever held in the U. S. against for the guer:dlla bases since the feda­ of its magazine to political prisoners British repression in Northern Ire­ yeen were expelled from Jordan and from several countries to speak to land. their camps were eliminated by King . the North American public. It has The actions were organized by the Hussein's army last July. printed statements by Regis Debray, National Association for Irish Free­ The Times reported that the guer­ Hector Bejar, and Hugo Blanco, as dom (NAIF); the Irish Republican rillas had shifted their operations from well as by many prisoners who wished Clubs, USA and Canada ( IRC); and southern Lebanon to this area in re­ to remain anonymous. the Northern Aid Committee. NAIF cent weeks. "The shift," according to The general tasks of the committee is a U. S. support group of the North­ the Times dispatch, "followed pressure are spelled out in its statement of aims: ern Ireland Civil Rights Association from Lebanese authorities in wake of to aid in defending victims of political (NICRA), which has organized mass an Israeli warning to Lebanon that persecution, regardless of their par­ civil rights demonstrations in North­ troops would be sent in if guerrilla ticular beliefs; to organize actions ern Ireland the past several years and raids did not stop." within the United States to put pres­ is currently coordinating the mass civ­ The Arab capitalist regimes that al­ sure on Latin American governments; il disobedience campaign against Brit­ lowed the Jordanians to crush the Pal­ t~ inform and arouse public opinion ish repression there. The IRC is the estinian resistance in 1970 and 1971 here on the repression, exposing any North American support group of the are now acceding to Israeli attacks complicity of the U.S. government in Official Irish Republican Army and on their territories to carry out the these violations of democratic rights; Sinn Fein Movement. The Northern same task. Despite "protests" by lead­ and to cooperate with other defense Aid Committee is the U. S. support ers of these regimes, they are com­ committees throughout the world on group of the Provisional Irish Repub­ plicit in the Israeli imperialists' drive this issue. lican Army and Sinn Fein Movement. Pierre Vallieres against the Palestinian resistance.

16 Chicago Black leaders and ttie Hanrahan affair The following is the second of two the Democratic Party will be split in the primary, can we assume that the articles•. two." And, "I will exhaust every en­ Panthers would support the Repub­ By NORMAN OLIVER ergy I have to defeat Hanrahan." licans in the general election? CHICAGO- Last week we showed But Jackson limited himself to In the Sun- Times of Jan. 7 Rush how the Chicago Democratic Party threats to support an "independent," is quoted as saying of this strategy, machine of Mayor Richard Daley, in non-machine Democrat in the primary "Going after the voters will show the total disregard for the sentiment in or a Republican in the general elec­ Daley machine we've learned to go the Black community, reslated State's tion. According to the Dec. 7 Chicago after them where it counts." So "where Attorney Edward Hanrahan for the Today, he warned that he and other it counts" is in the Democratic or Re­ primary election ballot. And how in Black leaders. could "form a bridge publican parties. But for years these response to the angry reaction in the on which Republicans, for the first parties, especially the Democratic Par­ Black community, Raymond Berg time, can move into the Black com­ ty, have been the burial ground for was put forward by the machine as munity." once-militant social movements that Oliver is the Socialist a substitute candidate. The necessary Black Panther Party leader Bobby gave up their independence in favor Party candidate for nominating petition signatures were Rush likewise used militant rhetoric. of the more "practical" politics of the County state's attorney. In the Chicago Daily Defender of Dec. "progressive," or at a minimum "lesser forged for the occasion. liver says, "I would use the Hanrahan then defied his boss by 25-31 he is quoted as saying that evil," capitalist politicians. •r,u:n.urces of the office not to stating his intention to run with or Black people must be liberated from Reverend Jackson epitomized this without the open endorsement of the "the blood-sucking, murdering clutches . approach in the 1971 elections in Il­ •n.,.n·vp on the poor, women, machine. We said this chain of events of the Daley regime." And, "The cor­ linois when he urged Black people ack community, and the showed once again that the Demo­ rupticians of the Democratic Party to "cross party lines" and support ng, as it is being used now, cratic Party does not in any way rep­ have resorted to the type of treach­ some Democrats and some Republi­ but to prosecute the real crim­ resent the interests of the masses of ery that is characteristic of any re­ cans. According to the· Nov. 2 De­ inals in Cook County. The real pressive, putrescent regime." Rush Black people, that Black people need fender, Jackson endorsed Adlai Ste­ riminals include Edward Han­ a party of their own, independent of even said, "We will educate our peo­ venson III, the Democratic-machine­ rahan, the current Cook Coun­ the Democratic and Republican par­ ple to insure that they will not ·again approved candidate for U. S. Senate ties. fall victim to the wolf in sheep's cloth­ in 1970, with the classic lesser-evil state's attorney, who is guil­ But not a single prominent Black ing, the Democratic Party." rationale: "he's all we got compared of murdering Black Pa".. """'r~•• leader in Chicago, or elsewhere, raised But how does Rush propose carry­ to who he's running against." Fred Hampton and Mark this alternative to continued subordi­ ing out this commendable goal? "We Republican Benjamin Adamowski in December 1969. nation to the two capitalist parties. will organize a voter registration and was endorsed by Jackson for Cook "I will campaign in There was lots of militant rhetoric. education campaign" to "make sure County assessor, against the Demo­ of the formation of an indepe Reverend Jesse Jackson, at that time Hanrahan is not reelected." The clear crat P. J. Cullerton. dent Black political party, ..,h,irt.•• the suspended director of SCLC's Op­ implication is that the Panthers will The logic of lesser evilism is clearly eration Breadbasket and about to hustle votes for a Democrat in the revealed in this case. "Vote for Adam­ could mobilize the Black launch PUSH (People United to Save primary. They would have to choose owski or satal? but just don't vote munity outside the Humanity), correctly said that Han­ between Berg and "independent" Dem­ for Cullerton," Jackson stated. "It of the racist, capitalist rahan's slating was "an insult to the ocrat (and also a former FBI agent) might be better to have a new tyrant." cratic and Republican parties." Black race." He said, "A mass mo­ Donald Page Moore. If Hanrahan We will continue to have Democratic bilization is going to take place and wins the Democratic nomination in Continued on page 22 dith Lonnquist, a candidate for the intimidated by the state; a judicial timony he gave the Monterey County Democratic Party nomination for state order Jan. 18 compelling Cluchette grand jury two years ago. Yet Yorke Hanrahan representative in Chicago; State Rep­ and Drumgo to fly from San Quen­ said that he does not want his parole resentative Leland Rayson; Kit Duffy, tin prison to their trial in the San board to think that he is a "double­ representing The Sisterhood; Kathy Francisco Hall of Justice in an Army­ liar." prevents Morkert, representing the Lutheran National Guard helicopter; and the Yorke had initially denied any Women's Caucus; and Dianne Rupp leveling of a contempt citation against knowledge about Mills' death. But a of the Illinois Women's Abortion Co­ defense counsel Floyd Silliman by pre­ few days later he requested a meeting abortion alition. siding Judge Spiro Vavuris. with the prison chaplain. After spirit­ The news conference was initiated Silliman protested the helicopter ual consultation he changed his story by IWAC, the Illinois affiliate of the flights Jan. 19 on the grounds that to implicate the defendants. for young Women's National Abortion Action Cluchette does not like to fly, and Prison officials, wary of the possi­ Coalition (WONAAC), and was sup­ that the mass media's revelations of qility of another reversal,. placed ported by a number of other women's the flight were a violation of the Yorke on the "bicycle" (rapid trans­ pr1soner organizations. It was covered by all judge's owri "gag rule" about discuss­ fers from one prison to another the major TV,· radio, and press in ing trial security. throughout California and Nevada). By SUZANNE HAIG Chicago. In response, Vavuris, a Governor At every stop along the route, Yorke CHICAGO, Jan. 28- This morning According to Patrick Murphy, an­ Reagan appointee, arrogantly de­ was warned by prison officials that a news conference was held in Chi­ other attorney for the young woman, clared, "You can't conceal this sort the inmate population had been in­ cago on the steps of the federal court Hanrahan got two state psychiatrists of thing in an enlightened democracy formed he was going to testify for building to protest the denial of an to interview the woman. When they . . . . perhaps we are so steeped in the state in the Soledad murder triaL abortion to a 15-year-old woman who too agreed that she was suicidal and tradition that anything except a horse The ringleader in terrorizing him . is an inmate in the Audy Home, a would kill herself if she did not get and buggy seems extreme." was the infamous Soledad guard cap­ detention center for minors in Chi­ an abortion, Hanrahan refused to al­ Continuing his discourse on the vir­ tain, Charles Moody. He told Yorke, cago. low them to testify. Then he flew in tues of the helicopter, Vavuris said, "Well, Tom, if you don't make up This woman, whose name has not a psychiatrist from Minneapolis, and "We will grow to understand it, to your mind about testifying for the been released, was granted her request that psychiatrist was not allowed to accept it. . . . just think, they will get prosecution, I'll have to put you back to have an abortion by Cook County testify either. So Hanrahan is having to see the panoramic vistas of the in the mainline [readmission into the Circuit Court Judge William Sylvester a hard time getting expert opinion to Bay Area-for free." general prison population]." Yorke White after a Juvenile Court hearing. sustain his case. Later in the day Silliman was cited claimed on the witness stand that this At the hearing two psychiatrists testi­ Murphy is now attempting to get for contempt when he complained that would be tantamount to certain death. fied that she was suicidal and would custody of the woman through the prosecutors Ed Barnes and William Two earlier state witnesses provided kill herself if she is not allowed to Cook County Circuit Court in order Curtis were allowed considerably absolutely no support for Yorke's ver­ have an abortion. to fly her to New York for an abor­ more latitude inside the courtroom sion of ·John Mills' death. Theodore Judge White's decision granting the tion. than the defense counsel. His sentenc­ Elzerman, a criminologist summoned abortion was appealed, however, by ing will take place at the conclusion to Soledad moments after the discov­ State's Attorney Edward V. Hanra­ of the trial. ery of Mills' body, emphasized that han. Yesterday the Illinois Supreme Cross-examination of "star" prosecu­ after a diligent study of the defendants' Court ruled 4 to 3 that the young tion witness Thomas A. Yorke during and Mills' blood type, he found no woman could not have an abortion. State the week of Jan. 10 revealed the de­ evidence that "incriminated or exon­ One Supreme Court decision is pres­ gree of brutal intimidation the Cal­ erated anyone." ently being appealed on the grounds ifornia Department of Corrections has. Fingerprint expert Spiros T. Vasos, that the Illinois abortion law is un­ b·ullies resorted to in order to force inmates with equal dismay, reported, "No, I constitutional. The appeal was argued to testify for the state. could not identify the fingerprints of this morning in federal court by Sybil­ Yorke, a 34-year-old Black British the two surviving defendants in any la Fritchie, an. attorney from theAmer­ Honduran, alleges that he saw Clu­ of the evidenee." ican Civil Liberties Union. Soledad chette, Drumgo, and George Jackson At the news conference this morning beat guard John Mills with their hands a broad spectrum of women's orga­ and a flashlight before dumping the nizations condemned the Supreme witness By NORTON SANDLER officer off the third tier of "Y" wing Court's denial of the young woman's SAN FRANCISCO- Recent develop­ of Soledad prison on the evening of right to an abortion. ments in the trial of Soledad Brothers Jan. 16, 1970. Present at the conference were: Mary John Cluchette and Fleeta Drumgo The well-coached witness readily ad­ Ann Lupa, president of the ·Chicago include testimony by a "star" prose­ mitted that his current statements con­ National Organization for Women; Ju- cution witness wlro has obviously been tained many reversals from the tes-

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11, 1972 17 riot substantially. modified. Woodcock, In describing the board, he declared, a member of the board, called the "It all adds up to a stacked deck. It proposals "insulting." At this point, adds up to playing with loaded dice. Union bureaucrats scenting the chance to make a po­ There is no hope, or very little hope, litical gain,· the Democratic-controlled for equity." House Banking and Currency Com­ Despite these accurate descriptions, mittee jumped into the dispute and Meany evidently does not object too voted legislation backing the grant­ much to playing against stacked decks ing of retroactive pay. The Senate refuse to challenge and loaded dice. Neither he nor other Banking Committee later took a sim­ labor members of the board have left ilar position. it. Nixon, of course, has no inten­ As a result the Pay Board was pres­ tion of kicking the labor members sured into modifying its original pro­ wage controls off the board as long as they are posal and permitting most wage in­ willing to let the 2-to-1 majority kick creases provided for by existing con­ them around. tracts. These were to take effect after the 90-day period expired. Future Bureaucrats and Democrats wage raises were to be limited to 5.5 Much of the pulling and hauling percent, a 10 percent increase over the previous decision. The labor mem­ between the administration and the bers of the board, however, remained union leaders is inspired by political dissatisfied and continued to vote considerations, particularly the 1972 against these proposals. Nevertheless, presidential elections. The union lead­ they were adopted by another 10-to- ers are committed in advance to sup­ 5 majority. porting the Democratic candidate, At this point, when it seemed that whoever that will be. At the same an impasse had been reached, an un­ time, the union bureaucracy must put identified AFL-CIO spokesman re­ up a front that makes it appear to portedly stated that the chances of the ranks that they are fighting in labor representatives remaining on the their interests. Otherwise, their base board "are just about zero, but that in the union movement would be in decision will not be made with finality danger of disappearing, and with it until the AFL-CIO convention in their influence and soft jobs. about two weeks [Nov. 18-22]." How­ The union officials have ·decided to ever,- ·Teamsters President Frank Fitz­ remain on the Pay Board and co­ simmons, a member of the Pay Board, operate with it as much as they can. declared that "As of now, at least, One important reason for this is that I do not plan to take a walk." Wood­ they do not want to be put in a posi­ Photo from The Butcher Workman cock also played down the chances tion where they can be blamed for President Nixon with Pay Board member George Meany of a walkout by the labor members. the failure of Nixon's program. When By MILTON ALVIN edented social divisions." This state- The Amalgamated ·Meat Cutters the program fails, the union leaders The smooth transition of President ment was typical of many made by Union executive board called for a can say they made an effort to make Nixon's economic program from union leaders in the week following nationwide strike, if necessary, to re­ it work. They think they can then Phase One to Phase Two, accom- Nixon's inauguration of Phase One. verse pay regulations adopted by the blame Nixon for the failure and ob­ plished with the cooperation of AFL- UAW President Leonard Woodcock board. On Nov. 22 thousands of tain greater support for the Demo­ CIO President George Meany, United made one of the strongest statements meat cutters stopped work to hear cratic candidate for president. The Auto Workers (UAW) President Leon- when he pointed out that "while it their secretary-treasurer, Patrick Gor­ misleaders of the union movement ard Woodcock, and other officials of was Nixon's hand that wielded the man, on a nationwide radio hookup. never mention the fact that all the the country's largest unions, may dagger, it was the Democrats in Con- .A high AFL-CIO official reported Democratic hopeful,s vying for the have come as a surprise. Judging gress that put together and insisted his organization was being flooded nomination support the wage controls from the first reactions of the union on the law under which he did it." with telegrams from union members just as much as Nixon. leaders, some people may have ex- Woodcock threatened that the UAW urging a nationwide strike to protest Meany and his associates among pected a more bumpy passage. would consider its contracts null and wage controls. These demands reflect­ the labor tops are trying to show Like most other Americans, the void if President Nixon extended his ed the views of the ranks of organized their members how to stand up to union bureaucrats were caught off- wage freeze past 90 days. "If they labor even more accurately than the the new attack against them. Meany guard by Nixon's unexpected an- want war," he thundered, "they can demagogic statements of the top union evidently thinks he can do it most nouncement of a 90-day wage freeze have war." leaders. effectively by setting the example him­ on Aug. 15. Although they had been In the face of this response by union The one-day special convention of self. To make this point clear, he had demanding wage controls prior to leaders, the Nixon administration de- the UAW in Detroit on Nov. 13 voted the AFL-CIO convention vote him a Nixon's announcement, they were ir- cided to retreat a few steps in order to go along with Woodcock's posi­ pay increase of $20,000, from $70,- ritated that they had not been con- to appear as conciliatory as possible tion of staying on the Pay Board. 000 to $90,000 a year. Anyone can suited about Nixon's new program. and to make it easier for the union Opponents of this view were able to see frQm this that Meany is a no­ Furthermore it irked them that it was officials to back off from their stated get the support of only a small mi­ nonsense chap whose policy is to meet a Republican rather than one of their opposition to the program. It would nority of delegates. This preceded a adverse conditions with his chin up Democratic "friends" who imposed the be impossible for the administration similar development at the AFL-CIO and a stiff upper lip. wage freeze. Their initial statements to fulfill its aims without their active convention, where it was decided to The union officialdom's response reflected their disgruntlement as well cooperation. call a partial boycott of the Pay has prevented any real struggle as their attempt to save face with the The first step was to announce that Board. The independent UAW and against the biggest attack on labor union rank and file. the government would not impose Teamsters have taken a similar posi­ in 25 years. It leaves the ranks of In response to Nixon's attack, sanctions against strikes unless they tion. However, this "boycott" does not the workers, both organized and un­ lower-echelon labor officials were re- were called to force employers to pay mean getting off the board. organized, vulnerable to the Nixon ported calling for a nationwide strike higher wages during the 90-day freeze The AFL-CIO convention called on administration's plans to unload on of at least one day to protest the pres- period. Next, the administration as- all unions to strike against "unfair them the cost of the economic crisis. ident's move. Meany called Nixon's sured the union leaders that the Pay rulings." It also decided to challenge What the workers need is a leader­ policies "antiworker" and "probusi- Board would be independent of high- unfavorable rulings in court and to ship that will fight in their interests. ness." To this correct, mild, and even er government authority and not sub- mount a massive campaign to get The present leaders of the unions, restrained assertion, Secretary of La- ject to the veto of Treasury Secretary Congress to reverse Pay Board de­ making salaries that are five to 10 bor James D. Hodgson replied that John B. Connally. cisions considered adverse to labor. times more than those of the work­ Meany was "out of step" with Ameri­ No sign of such a campaign, or for ers, are unable and unwilling to do can workers. Meany countered with Bureaucrats and Pay Board that matter any other kind of cam­ that. ' the charge that the president's poli­ These concessions did not amount paign, has yet materialized. The present crisis of leadership in cies were "patently unfair and dis­ to much, especially since labor was A group of Black delegates and the unions will be resolved when new criminatory," since they limited wages outnumbered 2 to 1 on the Pay Board. Black community leaders at the con­ people fight to establish an alterna­ but not profits or interest rates. The board includes five members each vention called for a one-day strike tive leadership around a class-struggle West Coast longshoremen, who had from employers, labor and ( suppos­ and other actions against the wage program. Such a leadership would been on strike for several weeks when edly) the public. What this meant be­ controls. Their demands, however, have called a congress of labor, rep­ the freeze began, decided to continue came clear right after the board was were ignored. Speaking on the con­ resenting all unions, to decide upon their walkout despite a government formally constituted. A policy was vention's decision regarding the Pay a program of struggle against the order to return to work at once. The adopted by a 1 0-to-5 vote that future Board, Meany said, "If the president government's wage controls. It would order was accompanied by threats of wage raises be limited to only 5 per­ of the United States doesn't like the call for the formation of a new po­ injunctions, fines up to $5,000 a day, cent a year. The "public" members, terms laid down here, then 1~ him litical party based on the unions- a contempt of court charges, and jail of course, voted with the employers kick us out. It's as simple as that." labor party. sentences. Almost all unions said they against the five labor representatives. would fight the president's attempt to By the same margin the board pro­ ban strikes. hibited retroactive pay increases that Union leaders around the country became due during the 90-day first from Pathfinder reacted angrily to what some labeled phase. This ruling would deprive "unconstitutional White House tyran­ those scheduled for such raises of ny." John Henning, head of the 1.6 many millions of dollars and mean LEON TROTSKY million member California Federation that this money would automatically of Labor (AFL-CIO), said, "Mr. Nix­ be funneled into the pockets of the on's edict that all strikers return to employers. ON THE TRADE UNIONSJ95c work at once is nothing else than The Pay Board's future was put in a call for industrial warfare in a so­ doubt when its labor members threat- ciety already bleeding from unprec- ened to resign if these proposals were Pathfinder Pres:;, 410 West St., New York, N.Y. 10014

18 against discrimination with regard to Times have recently focused their at­ in that plant that is going. to tell me property, employment, education, and tention on the Lordstown dispute. It to run. n. L.A. rally social security. is a microcosm of the larger struggle Several methods are being used to The speakers, conservative and lib­ on a .national scale between the cor­ housebreak the young union. Ohio eral alike, urged all supporters to porations and young workers who Gov;ernor John J. Gilligan last week for equal write letters to the president and to fight speedup and refuse to be intim­ announced that Bryner has been Congress to pass the amendment. idated by disciplinary layoffs and dis­ named one of the 14 Ohioans to re­ rights It is significant that even these missals. ceive the 1972 Governor's Award for upper-class professional women have In Lordsotwn, GM has accused the his "outstanding labor leadership." been moved to positive action by the workers of slowdown and outright sa­ Another method being used is the amendment example of the .women's liberation botage of the Vega automobiles that discredited McCarthyite practice of By TYBIE MARTIN movement. are produced at the rate. of 100 per red-baiting and guilt by association. LOS ANGELES-An impressive hour. To increase profits, GM has in Bryner and J. D. Smith, secretary-trea­ number of Los Angeles women, in­ the past three months laid off more surer of the .:union local, endorsed the cluding members of Theta Sigma Phi than 700 workers, while attempting Oct. 13 demonstrations against the (the national society for women in Red-baiting to maintain the same assembly line war and the National Peace Action journalism) and a coalition of wom­ speed of approximately one car every Coalition convention Dec. 3-5 in en's professional groups, sponsored 40 seconds. Cleveland. The interview with Bryner a lively and well-organized meeting attack on Bryner is quoted in the Jan. 23 in the Plain Dealer on Jan. 26 quotes in support of the Equal Rights Amend-' New York Times as saying, "These the notorious House Internal Security ment Jan. 14. Lordstown guys have become tigers. They've got Committee as identifying NPAC as Using the device of "each one·bring guts. You used to not see them at "an affiliate of the Trotskyite Socialist one," they gathered together many union meetings. Now we've got them Workers Party." The article claimed people from the upper echelons of the workers in the cafeteria singing 'Solidarity.'" that Bryner "discontinued his endorse­ California political, business, and pro­ By HERMAN KIRSCH One assembly line worker told the ment of the organization [NPAC] fessional world, including Governor CLEVELAND, Jan. 27- The bitter Times, "I actually saw a woman in the when he learned that it favors the Ronald Reagan and Senators Alan dispute between management of the plant running along the line to keep overthrow of the American system Cranston and John Tunney. Partici­ General Motors plant in Lordstown, up with the work. I'm not going to through a workers' revolution.", pating with token word~ of support Ohio and Local 1112 of the United run for There ain't Bryner denied making the red-bait­ for the "ladies" were numerous council­ Auto Workers union took a new turn ing statements the following day in a men, rabbis, business executives, ac­ when the Cleveland Plain Dealer, in rebuttal carried by the Jan. 27 Plain tors, and assorted legal and profes­ an interview with the local union's Dealer. According to that article, Bry­ sional bigwigs. president, injected the issue of the "in­ ner said, "I did tell the reporter I en­ The gathering, held in the Plaza filtration of subversives." The dispute dorsed one peace march, but that was of old Los Angeles, was well pub­ at Lordstown concerns GM's efforts the only connection I ever had with licized by the Los Angeles Times. It to force workers to conform to what them." He also denied saying that"sub­ attracted women and men who urged may be the world's fastest assembly versives by the carload" had come to that the U. S. Senate· pass the Equal line. exploit the labor-management dispute. Rights Amendment to the Constitution. Falsely quoting Gary Bryner, pres­ The Plain Dealer's articles were also This amendment was first intro­ ident of Local 1112, a Plain Dealer answered by the Cleveland Area Peace duced in Congress in 1923. It was staff writer reported in the Jan. 26 Action Coalition, the local NPAC af­ passed in the House by a vote of issue that "'Subversives by the car­ filiate, in a letter to the editor dated 354 to 23 in October 1971 and is load' from Cleveland, the Cincinnati Jan. 27. It condemned "this attack on expected to reach the Senate next area and New York have come here the antiwar movement" and demanded month. The equal rights asserted in trying to exploit the labor-manage­ "that the Plain Dealer print the truth the Fourteenth Amendment still do not ment dispute." about the National Peace Action Co­ afford legal protection for women The Plain Dealer and the New York alition and the antiwar movement." he National THE HIGH RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT in woman. This means that the unions would begin "This last step of the plan to demoralize the the Seattle area (officially listed at 12 percent but to mobilize their own independent political power workers is the most complicated and the most actually much higher) has drawn world attention and stop hoping for the Democratic Party to solve effective. Here is how it works. The train repair to the weakness of the U. S. economy and brought unemployment. shops were saturated with overtime work, keep­ international aid to the victims. ing many on the job and away from the Jan. There are about 75,000 registered unemployed A NEW YORK TRANSIT WORKER.reports an 15 demonstration. The union bureaucrats then in the Seattle area, in a population of less than experience that reveals a good deal about the had their hangers-on circulate rumors and false 1.5 million. At one time Boeing Aircraft employed mentality and methods of top officials in many reports, like 'the people in the car shops are using more than 100,000; its work force is now 38,000. unions: · you to get extra overtime,' or telling ironworkers The unemployed collect surplus food, mostly "The demonstrations scheduled by transit work­ and carpenters that 'the motormen are making dried beans, powdered eggs, and whatever else ers in front of their union headquarters Jan. 15 all the money. ' is available. None of it makes for a very good did not materialize. "These rumors played upon the racism of the living or a balanced diet. "The Transit Authority and the union officials white workers-motormen are mostly Black and Reynard A. Pilgrim, port agent of the National have a plan to demoralize the workers. The first the skilled trades are mostly white. Maritime Union, wrote in the January NMU Pilot: step was taken Jan. 8 and Jan. 9 when a dozen "The union bureaucrats also postponed mailing "We in Seattle have seen the worst. The unemploy­ accused demonstrators and 'ringleaders' were sub­ ballots for the vote on the union contract from ment rate is the highest in the country, people poenaed to appear in court Jan. 10. The second Jan. 10 to Jan. 20, giving their flunkies additional starving." He tells about "Neighbors in Need" step was to attach slips on the pay checks of 1,300 time to create more dissension. " groups that distribute food to needy families, add­ workers who reported sick Jan. 7. These slips The officers of the Transport Workers Union ing that "even the city of Kobe, Japan, is col­ threatened the workers with the New York State approved a contract at the beginning of the year, lecting food for the poor in Seattle." Taylor Law, which provides for penalties ranging a contract the New York Transit Authority liked Senator Warren Magnuson (D-Wash.), telling the from loss of pay to discharge. The third step but the transit workers didn't. They may make U.S. Senate about the Japanese aid sent to his was to spread as much dissension and division the contract stick for awhile, but they can't make home state,. said, "I have never felt disgraced as possible in the ranks of the workers. the transit workers like it -FRANK LOVELL by my government. But today I stand here on the floor of the greatest deliberative body in the world in total humiliation." This is standard Senate rhetoric. But the official spokesmen for the union movement have done and said nothing different (rom Senator Magnuson, who has served as a mouthpiece for Boeing in Washington since the early days of World War IL Until now the unions in Seattle have limited their fight against unemployment to demands for extension of unemployment insurance payments, surplus food, and federal appropriations for a public works program. They look forward to a revival of the New Deal-era Works Progress Ad­ ministration (WPA). The union movement in Seattle has the power to force relief measures far beyond the surplus food' handout. They could win an immediate emer­ gency work program from the city and state gov­ ernments and demand that it be financed by fed­ eral government appropriations. They could stop further layoffs in industry. They could impose a shorter workday with no reduction in take-home pay in order the provide jobs for the thousands of unemployed. But to accomplish this would re­ quire mass demonstrations of the employed and unemployed together, called by the unions and demanding a job for every unemployed man and Unemployed Seattle workers line up for

THE MILITANT/FEBRVARY 11, 1972 19 In Review Film Pamphlets Angela Davis Abortion Abortion: The Right to Choose. Published by Angela Davis: Portrait of a Revolutionary: cations, is contrasted to remarks by the state super­ Female Liberation. Boston, 1971. SOc. Directed by Yolande du Lart. Produced by intendant of public instruction, who opposes them. ., Mae Mercer. A documentary distributed by A distinct picture is outlined that shows the initial Abortion: The Right to Choose is a special pam­ New Yorker Films. plot by the State of California to oust Davis from phlet put out by the same group that publishes the her teaching job. magazine Second Wave. It is an important docu­ The viewer is given a near-complete picture of ment for the women's movement and brings to­ Angela Davis: Portrait of a Revolutionary began Davis' character through varying scenes that show gether varying views and political, personal, and· as a school project by several University of Cali­ her as a classroom teacher, political activist, and philosophical perspectives on abortion. fornia at Los Angeles film students about a then­ speaker. In one scene we see her sitting with some The key article is Nancy Williamson's "Abortion: controversial professor. The completed product, friends in her apartment, recounting their immedi­ A Feminist Perspective," in which she discusses the however, stands as a glowing tribute to Angela ate reaction toward the police attack on the Los importfmce of abortion as an issue for the women's Davis' deep commitment to the Black liberation· Angeles Panther headquarters in December 1969. movement. · There are two articles, one by a female struggle. At the same time it is a stern refutation They discuss an approach to building a defense doctor, and one by a nurse, discussing the physical of the charges that she was criminally involved in campaign in which there will be mass participation process of abortion. Their emphasis is on new the San Rafael shoot-out of Aug. 7, 1970. from the community. techniques and the struggle within the medical pro­ In the San Rafael incident Jonathan Jackson The film, although begun in 1969, was completed fession over legalized abortion. was killed attempting to take several hostages in after the incident at San Rafael. It draws attention Kelly Irwin writes of the plight of high school exchange for the release of his older brother, to the fact that Davis was in the forefront of the ef­ George, and the other two Soledad Brothers, Fleeta fort to focus more attention on the subject of polit­ Drumgo and John Cluchette. ical prisoners and the case of the Soledad Brothers Davis is alleged to have purchased the guns in particular. In one scene, now famous, she is. young Jackson used. As a result she has been seen demonstrating for the release of the Soledad charged with murder, kidnapping, and conspiracy. Brothers. She is carrying a picket sign reading, Denied the right to bail, she has been held in jail "Save The Soledad Brothers From Legal Lynch­ 15 months awaiting triaL Her only "crime," as the ing." Beside her is close friend Jonathan Jackson. fllm illustrates very well, was to express her ideas Angela knew quite well the fate that might befall on the injustices of the prison system and other a fighter for social justice like herself. In one inter­ aspects of capitalist society, and motivate others on view she freely explains this but nonetheless reaf­ the need to change them. firms her decision to continue the struggle in pur­ The fllm begins with her arrest and coverage of a suit of her goals. · demonstration against the arrest. The protest oc­ curs outside the Women's House of Detention in Angela J)avis: Portrait• of A Revolutionary won New York. Davis can be seen peering through the honors in the seventh Moscow film festival in July window of her cell, overlooking the action on the 1971: It was also entered in the San Francisco street below. Through excellent fllm work, her film festival in October. It received its New York voice can be heard explaining the reasons behind debut at the Whitney Museum of Art and is cur­ her arrest against the backdrop of the demonstra­ rently showing at the New Yorker theater. But tion. This opening scene with its interplay between here lies the sole disappointing aspect of the film. the voices of Davis and the protesters sets a mood Because it is not handled by a major film studio, for the fllm that is further captured in the cries for it will not be seen by either the majority of those her freedom. who are already convinced of Davis' innocence The film then backtracks through her life to nor those who are yet to be convinced. If those when she was hired as a UCLA philosophy pro­ still undecided could see this film, ·it would help fessor. An interview with the philosophy depart­ win them over. ment head, who defends Angela's teaching qualifi- -BAXTER SMITH

Photo by Howard Petrick Bev Cole's "Black Women and the Motherhood Myth" condemns the sexism of male Black mili­ tants who define women as bearers of children and servants of Black men: "The gun in the hand of every Black' man seems to mean also diaper swing­ ing females following close behind." I found the most moving article to be Diane Cecile's "Double Jeopardy: Handicapped Women," in which she discusses poignantly the special prob­ lems, such as forced sterilization, facing crippled women who seek an abortion. Drs. Barbara Roberts and Mary Daly have writ­ ten about the patriarchy and sexist ethics in rela­ tion to abortion. Other material deals with the struggle in the courts, the abortion fight in countries other than the United States, and two articles on the current abortion ca'mpaign in the U.S. Second Wave itself has just come out with a new issue containing an article on the victorious ref­ erendum for free, 24-hour, community-controlled child care in Cambridge, Mass.; a political analysis of male sexuality as seen through Norman Mailer's "Prisoner of Sex"; and an article entitled "Lesbi­ anism: A Political, Cultural, Personal View," which includes one of the most complete treatments to date of the relationship between the gay women's move­ ment and the women's movement as a whole. Abortion: The Right to Choose and Second Wave are both available from Female Liberation, Box 303 Kenmore Station, Boston, Mass. 02215. The abortion pamphlet is 50c for single copies and the magazine is $1. Discounts on orders of 10 or more: Angela Davis in front of Los Angeles City Hall, December 1969, protesting police 50 percent on the pamphlet, 25 percent on the attack on Black Panther Party. magazine. -KAREN LINDSEY

20 By LEE SMITH York Review of Books article-that A .confessional article in the Jan. 27 he had at one time been assigned to New York Review of Books by a monitor phone ca.lls of the Israeli em­ .· disillusioned former FBI special agent bassy. is especially interesting because of its Other specific cases discussed in specific revelations. Wall's article were an investigation Offering an inside view of the FBI's of the liberal Institute for Policy · Internal Security operations, 33-year­ Ex-agent reveals· Studies and an all-out effort to dis-­ old Robert Wall describes an episode cover "evidence" that Stokely Car­ in which the FBI was able to sow michael "had plotted, planned and di­ dissension in the New Mobiliza.tion rected" the spontaneous outbreak of Committee. He also calls attention to rage in Washington's Black commu­ the existence of a special squad in the FBI methods of nity after the assassination of Martin Internal Revenue Service that investi­ Luther King Jr. in April 1968. "Fifty· gates the tax records of ''known mili­ agents spent their full time for over tants and activists." a month on this one case," Wall wrote In describing what the FBI calls dividing the left of the fishing expedition aimed at "counterintelligence," Wall writes of framing Carmichael. how in "one case we addressed a let­ "My experience has shown me," Wall ter to the leaders of the National [sic] concluded, "that the FBI ... was a Mobilization Committee (NMC) which United Front is thus demanding an -calling Black people "monkeys" and relentless guardian of orthodoxy, a said that the blacks of Washington, anti-colony tax.... the Central Com­ talking about "bananas"- and thus, police force which sought to cause D. C., would not support the upcom­ mittee believes an initial contribution not difficult to discredit, but it man­ harm to movements that boldly ques­ ing rally of the NMC unless a twenty of $25,000 to the Black United Front aged to cause another minor flare-up. tioned the policies of the government." thousand dolla~ 'security bond' was is mandatory.... " Ultimately, the B UF dropped its de­ Wall, a disillusioned ex-cop who still paid to a black organization in Wash­ Some leaders of the New Mobe, mand and joined in building Nov. believes in the need for "an effective ington." Although he mis-names the backed up by such Washington Black 15. federal investigative agency;" has done national antiwar coalition and his ac­ community leaders as Julius Hobson, Wall's article also details the wide­ a service in providing the story of his count of the letter's demand is slightly opposed this proposal from the be­ reaching surveillance undertaken by experiences. It remains for the men off base, it is evident that his reference ginning. In a letter to the Reverend the FBI's Internal Security branch in and women engaged in fighting for is to an incident that disrupted New Moore signed by national cochairmen connection with what it calls "Racial social change to make explicit the les­ Mobe's preparations for the Nov. 15, Dave Dellinger and Stewart Meacham, Matters." He comments that he became sons that are underscored by his con­ 1969, March on Washington of the New Mobe's position was stated aware of the "appalling racism of the fessions. 800,000. as follows: FBI on every level" as he found that The best climate for the work of Wall indicates that, along with send­ "With respect to your demand that "every politically dissident black man police agents who seek to disrupt and ing the letter, the FBI "instructed some the Mobilization make a mandatory [and, presumably, woman] was a can­ divide the left is also the worst for informants we had placed in the black payment of $25,000 to the Black . didate for investigation." building a strong and growing move­ organization to suggest the idea of a United 'Front as ·a sign of its com­ A particularly odious revelation was ment-a climate where political dif­ ·security bond informally to leaders of mitment to ending racism, we are not Wall's report that the Internal Rev­ ferences are expressed through ultima­ the organization." He also states that in a position to comply. As a coalition enue Service has a special squad "to tums in a situation of mutual distrust the letter was "approved by the long dedicated to ending the war, rac­ investigate the' tax records of 'known and secrecy. Conversely, the kind of bureau's counterintelligence desk and ism and poverty, we cannot agree militants and activists.'" Even before open and democratic atmosphere in was signed with the forged signatures that we should be levied a sum of the New York Review appeared on the which differences can be discussed of a leader of the black group." money.... Quite apart from the fea­ sta11ds, this portion of Wall's story thoroughly, voted on, and tested in sibility of collecting the funds . . . as was picked up by the New York Times action, provides the best situation for Actually, according to the New a coalition we are not in a position and printed on its front page Jan. 13. building a movement and the worst Mobe steering committee minutes for to insist upon such a course of ac­ Wall relates how, in early 1969, for the machinations of government . Aug. 17-18, 1969, the demand raised tion where there are widely divergent he learned ''by accidenf' of the IRS provocateurs. by the Washington, D. C., Black political views and strategies rep­ squad when the IRS requested the FBI The evident scrutiny of the IRS only United Front was that "the estimated resented." records for a former SNCC member reinforces the need for groups and number of participants be taxed However, many hours were con­ whose case Wall had been investigat­ individuals in the movement to treat $1.00. . . . Ten percent of this pro­ sumed in discu,sions within New ing for two years. financial matters scrupulously, with jected number should be given now Mobe .and in negotiations with the The Jan. 13 New York Times story, the utmost atte~tion to making certain as an act of commitment to the strug- B UF before this position was arrived datelined Washington, pegged its lead that money is used for the purpose . gle." The letter, bearing the"' forged at. Initially, part of the New Mobe on the official acknowledgement by for which it is solicited, etc. Even with­ signature of the Reverend Douglas leadership had been taken in by the Internal Revenue Commissioner John­ out the IRS, this is an extremely im­ Moore and mailed at about the same faulty logic of the BUF/FBI demand. nie Walters that the IRS "has a special portant matter for organizations that time to Abe Bloom of the Washington There was another forged letter in­ ~;>even-man unit whose sole job is to seek to win the confidence of people Action Committee and New Mobe volved in the dispute, which Wall fails collect information on extremist po­ who have been swindled and cheated steering committee, stated that "Be­ to mention. This was a viciously rac­ .litical organizations." The Times ac- their whole lives. cause of the expressed strong opposi­ ist letter sent to the B UF bearing the count also reported that the FBI had The sensation caused by Wall's ar­ tion to any white-led convention in signature, "Comradely, Sid." (The sig­ confirmed that Wall had been a special ticle should remind radicals that prac­ our Black City ..." and "as a show nature was apparently intended to agent. tices of the government they take for of good faith from the New Mobiliza­ make it seem that the letter had come In an interview with Times reporter granted can, when proved to be true, tion on its commitment to assist black from New Mobe coordinator Sidney Robert M. Smith, Wall disclosed some­ fire the indignation of masses of peo­ people to end colonial rule, the Black Peck.) The letter was extremely crude thing he had not included in the New ple in this country. Gay rights bill killed in New York City By JOHN LAURITSEN Although Mayor Lindsay claimed Intro 4 7 5. Councilman Robert I. where Lindsay was speaking. A state­ NEW YORK- lntro 475, a landmark the bill's defeat was a "disappointment Postel will likewise work against Lind­ ment by Linda Jenness and Andrew bill that would have banned discrim­ to the administration," supporters of say in other states over the issue. Pulley, Socialist Workers Party can­ ination against homosexuals in em­ Intro 4 7 5 felt that Lindsay's lack of In the course of three public hear­ didates for president and vice-presi­ ployment, housing, and public accom­ active support was responsible for the ings held on lntro 475, strong sup­ dent, was passed out by Young So­ modations, was killed Jan. 27 by the defeat. port came from union leaders, politi­ cialists for Jenness and Pulley. New York City Council Committee Councilman Eldon R. Clingan, one cians, educators, writers, feminists, It reads, in part: "We support lntro on General Welfare. It voted 7 to 5 of the bill's sponsors, has indicated psychologists, psychiatrists, civil lib­ 4 7 5,. a bill that would grant to ho­ with one abstention to keep the bill that he will campaign in California's ertarians, and historians. Many gay mosexuals basic democratic rights. in committee, thus preventing its sub­ presidential primary against the may­ men and women detailed the discrim­ Our party . . . unconditionally sup­ mission to the full council. or's inactivity and mere lip-service on ination and oppression they have ex­ ports the struggles · of homosexuals perienced. for full democratic rights, including On Jan. 21, members of Gay Ac­ full human rights, and against all tivists Alliance ( GAA) presented three the forms of discrimination and op­ demands to a Lindsay aide: "1) that pression gay people suffer in this so­ the fire, police, and sanitation com­ ciety." missioners testify for Intro 4 7 5 in per­ On Jan. 26, 25 GAA members con~ son, a demand consistently made by fronted Lindsay's campaign manager, · the city council and first agreed to by Richard Aul'elio, at the Madison Lindsay and then retracted; 2) that Avenue campaign headqu~rters. At Lindsay deliver four votes for the bill one point, a demonstrator referred to to assure its succeeding in committee, the rights of "20 million gay people votes of members of the city council in America." A Lindsay aide retorted, he is known to be able to deliver but "You mean 20 million fags! " When refuses to; 3) that he meet personally the bigotry involved in her statement with GAA representatives." The de­ was pointed out, a male Lindsay aide mands were refused. attacked the GAA member. Charges On Jan. 21, more than 200 gay and counter charges ·of assault were men and women braved bitter cold later pressed. About 10 demonstrators and high winds to picket a meeting were arrested on charges of criminal Gay Activists Alliance pickets Lindsay Jan. 21 Photo by John Lauritsen of 6,000 at Radio City Music Hall trespass and harassment.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11 , 1972 21 Andrew Pulley as the· candidates who Things have changed. On the picket went naturally together with the 18- line morale is high, and the consensus ... subs · year-old vote, as their candidates­ is that the strike will be won, no matter C. lend . r Continued from page 3 . the candidates of the youth radicaliza- what. According to an ILWU official, Jubs or at least a single copy." tion." "H necessary we will just keep on vot- DETROIT Hillman related one experience that TEN DAYS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD. Film by Sergei • ing down contracts and striking till Eisenstein. Fri., Feb. 11, B p.m. 3737 Woodward Ave. she and the others said was typical the PMA and some of our so-called Donation $1, h. s. students 50c. Ausp. Militant Forum. h of many campuses they visited and e lcago leaders know we mean business." For more information, caiiB31-6135. reflected the lack of organized expres­ sion of radical sentiment. "At Duke ~!:nued from page J7 . NEW YORK and Republican tyrants ruling the Ch I•1e BENEFIT DANCE. Sponsored by the Puerto Rican So­ University, one person after another cialist Party (MPI). Sat., Feb. 5, 9 p.m. Casa de las Black community until the masses of • • • came up to the table we had set up, Black people and other key social Continued from page J3 Americas, 106 W. 14 St., Third Floor. Donation: $2.50. bought a sub and said, 'I'm the only For mare information, caii475-912B. forces, such as the labor movement by imperialism to tighten the screw& person here who is interested in this.' NORTHERN CALIFORNIA and the Chicano people, break with on the Chilean economy, Allende has Socialist Workers presidential candidate linda Jenness So I started saying, 'You know, the two capitalist parties and forge responded by continuing to play the. speaks at women's meeting. Wed., Feb. 9, B p.m. you're the tenth person who's told their own, independent, fighting par- electoral game, practicing class col- at Pauley Ballroom, U. C. Berkeley. Cosponsored by me you're the only one, you're the Female liberation, Northern Calif. National Women's ties that can match militant rhetoric laborationism. That strategy has Political Caucus, Independent Campus Women, Wom­ eleventh person, you're the twelfth.' with militant. actions in the streets and blocked the mobilization of the Chil- en lor Jenness and Pulley, and U.C. Davis Women's And they said, 'Really? You've sold at the ballot box. ean workers and poor peasants and Center. that many?' So before we left, we The Illinois Socialist Workers Party prevented the transformation of the VIETNAM AND THE 1972 ELEcnONS: What the Pen­ organized a meeting of all the people is supporting this perspective during nation's social system. tagon Papers Prove. Speaker: linda Jenness. Thurs., who bought subs so they could meet the 1972 elections with a large slate Paradoxically for Allende, it has Feb. 17, 12 noon. Pauley Ballroom, Student Union all the others who had thought they Bldg., U. C. ot Berkeley. Sponsored by SUPERB. For . of candidates who have been active also weakened his electoral position. mo.re information, call (415) 642-4536. were the only ones." in trade unions, in Chicano and Black The inability of the UP to carry out All the team members agreed that liberation struggles, in the women's its own program, limited as it is, has the significance of Nixon's wage con­ WOMEN'S LIBERATION AS A FORCE IN AMERICAN liberation, student, and antiwar move- caused the UP committees, the basis POLITICS. Speaker: linda Jenness. Thurs., Feb. 17, trols had not been fully recognized by ments. Heading the, SWP ticket are of the popular front formation at the 7:30 p.m. Haas Pavilion, Mills College, MacArthur most students in the fall. Blvd. and Seminary Ave., Oaldand. For more infor­ Fred Halstead for u. S. Senate and time of the 1970 victory, to wither "The article that described how price mation, call (415) 632-2700. Pat Grogan for governor. away. It has also led . to an ebb in freezes had never worked in the past popular support for the regime, which LINDA JENNESS speaks at Golden Gate College, helped sell some," Sally Moore said. 536 Mission St., San Francisco, Fri., Feb. 1B, 9:30 has found its reflection on the elec­ a. in. Far more information, call (415) B64-5056. "But usually it helped more to men­ toral level. tion that the paper also had coverage ... dockers Continued from page 24 The bourgeoisie, while welcoming LINDA JENNESS speaks at Gallery Lounge, San Fran­ of Attica, of the George Jackson mur­ two unions will honor each other's Allende's adherence to an electoral cisco State College, San Francisco. Fri., Feb. 1B, 12 der, of Angela Davis. People tended noon. Far more information, call (415) B64-5056. picket lines if pickets are flown from process that enables it to block all not to be as upset by the wage freeze coast to coast to stop diverted cargo. important reform measures and take LINDA JENNESS speaks at Diablo Valley College, because it hadn't become clear to them The ILA and ILWU also agree that full advantage of its own victories, Room H-109, 321 Golf Club Road, Pleasant Hill. Fri., yet how big an attack this was." Feb. 1B, I p.m. For more information, call Student they will go back on strike if their has shown no sign of confining its One thing that was clear in the fall, Activities Coalition, (415) 6B5-1230. wage agreements are not appro.ved activities to parliamentarism. The the six unanimously stressed, was the by the Pay Board. Further, both in­ electoral battles will no doubt con­ attack on the right of women to con­ SAN FRANCISCO CAMPAIGN RALLY. Thurs., Feb. sist that contract-cancellation clauses tinue, but the fate of the country will 10, B p.m. at Sanchez School, 325 Sanchez St. (be­ trol their bodies. to that effect be included in their con- be settled on another level- the extra­ tween 16th and 17th Sts., near Market St.). Dono­ Moore said she had been surprised lion: $1, h. s. students 50c. tracts. parliamentary clash of social forces. to find that women at Catholic cam­ CAMPAIGN RAUY AND BANQUET. Sot. Feb. 19 at puses had the same reaction to this 3536 Telegraph Ave., Oakland. 5 p.m.: refreshments. issue as other women. "I found no 6 p.m.: classical buHet dinner by Chefs for Jenness and Pulley. B p.m.: rally featuring Linda Jenness, woman on a Catholic campus who Socialist Workers Party candidate far president, fol­ didn't agree that abortion was some­ lowed by revolutionary entertainment. Donation: $5. thing each woman should be able to decide for herself." SEA mE "There is a generalized combative CHILDREN'S LIBERATION. Speaker: Gloria Albee. Fri., and self-confident spirit among stu­ ilitant Feb. 11, B p.m. 5257 University Way N. E. Donation: $1, h. s. students and unemployed 50 c. Ausp. Militant dents," Woodroofe stated. She said that Forum. even though no big struggles were going on, "There were lots of smaller SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MAIItXIST RADIO COMMENTARY. listen to Theodore fights-from free speech fights, to op­ .. Edwards, spokesman for the Socialist Workers Party, posing the cutting down of trees- that Enclosed is ( ) $1 for 10 weeks of The Militant; on his weeldy 15-minute radio program, 7 p.m. every showed how much the students feel Thursday, KPFK-FM, 90.7. ( ) $6 for a one-year subscription; ( ) $1.60 this way." six months for Gis. Woodroofe ended our discussion WASHINGTON, D.C. with an optimistic appraisal of (he SISfERS IN STRUGGLE: Seminars an Women's Libera­ opportunities for spreading socialist NAME ______~----~------·------tion. Classes include: Feb. 9: The Family- Reactionary or Progressive? Feb. 16: Women in the Russian Rev­ ideas on the campuses. "When many ADDRESS olution. Feb. 23: The First Wave of Feminism. March of the students we talked to found out CITY STATE _____ ZIP__ 1: Current Trends in the Feminist Movement- a study about the Socialist Workers Party elec­ of the Dialectic of Sex by Shulamith firestone. Classes 14 CHARLES LANE, N.Y., N.Y. 10014 start at B p.m. and are free. All women invited. Mili­ tion campaign, they were really in­ tant Bookstore, 7 46 9th St. N. W. terested. They saw Linda Jenness and Directory

ALABAMA: Tuscaloosa: YSA, c/o Richard Rathers, P.O. Box 5377, Uni­ LOUISIANA: Baton Rouge: YSA, c/o John Hickman, P. 0. Box 19435, Ohio 44103. Tel: (216) 391-5553. ersity of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Ala. 35406. Baton Rouge, La. 70803. Tel: (504) 388-1517. Columbus: YSA, 1612 Summit St. (side entrance), Columbus, Ohio ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, P.O. Box 456, Tempe, Arizona 85281. Tel: MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, Box 324, Student Activities Office, 43201. Tel: (614) 299-2042. (602) 968-5738. Campus Center, U af Mass., Amherst, Mass. 01002. Oxford: YSA, Bax 321, Oxford, Ohio 45056. Tel: (513) 529-5B72. Tucson: YSA, 410 N. 4th Ave., Tucson, Ariz. 85705. Baston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant Labor Forum, 295 Huntington Ave., Yellow Springs: YSA, Antioch College Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oaldand: SWP and YSA, 3536 Telegraph Ave., ·Rm. 307, Baston, Mass. 02115. Tel: (617) 536-69BI, 262-968B. 45387. Oakland, Calif. 94609. Tel: (415) 654-972B. Pittsfield: YSA, c/o R.G. Pucko, 77 Euclid Ave., Pittsfield, Mass. 01201. Claremont: YSA, c/a Mark Neithercul, Story Hause, Claremont Men's Worcester: YSA, Box 1470, Clark U, Worcester, Mass. 01610. Socialist College, Claremont, Calif. 91711. Workers Campaign '72, P.O. Box 97, Webster Sq. Sta., Worcester, Mass. OREGON: Eugene: YSA, c/a Dave Hough, 488B W. Amazon, Eugene, los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1107 I /2 N. Western Ave., Las Angeles, 01603. Ore. 97405. Tel: (503) 342-7076. Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-(213) 463-1917, YSA-(213) 463-1966. MICHIGAN: Ann Arbor: YSA, P.O. Box 40B, Ann Arbor, Mich. 48107. Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stark, Room 201, Portland, Ore. Sacramento: YSA, c/o Bob Secor, 3702 T St., Sacramento, Calif. 95BI5. Detroit: SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs Haii,3737Woodward Ave., Detroit, 97204. Tel: (503) 226-2715. Son Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labar Forum, and Pioneer Books, Mich. 48201. Tel: (313) TE1-6135. PENNSYLVANIA: Erie: YSA, c/o John Sajewski, P.O. Box 3222, Erie, 2338 Market St., Son Francisco, Calif. 94114. Tel: (415) 626-995B. East lansing: YSA, P. 0. Box 14, East Lansing, Mich. 48B23. Po. 1650B. San Diego: SWP, P.O. Bax 15111, San Diego, Calif. 92115. YSA, P.O. MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA and Labor Bookstore, Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, I 004 Fil~ert St. (one black north al Mar­ Box 15186, San Diego, Calif. 92115. I University N.E. (at E. Hennepin) 2nd II., Mpls. 55413. Tel: (612) 332- ket), Philadelphia, Po. 19107. Tel: (215) WAS-4316. Santo Barbara: YSA, c/o Robert Mattson, Box 14126, UCSB, Santa 77Bl. RHODE ISLAND: Kingston: YSA, c/o Stan Max, Kingston Inn, Room 210, Barbara, Calif. 93107. Tel: (805) 968-19BB. MISSOUill: Kansas City: YSA, c/a Student Activities Office, U af Mis­ 1320 Kingston Road, Kingston, R.I. 02881. Tel: (401) 783-7855. COLORADO: Boulder: YSA, c/o Barbara Thornton, 1316 Arapahoe Ave., souri at Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. Providence: YSA, P. 0. Bax 117, Annex Sta., Providence, R.I. 02901. Boulder, Colo. 80302. Tel: (303) 444-1440. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Portsmouth: YSA, P.O. Bax 479, Durham, N.H. Tel: (401) 331-1480. Denver: SWP, YSA and Militant Bookstore, II 00 Champa St., Denver, 03824. TENNESSEE: Knoxville: YSA, c/o Keith Harris, P.O. Box B402, Uni- Colo. B0204. Tel: (303) 623-2B25. Bookstore open Mon.-Sat., I 0:30 a.m.- NEW JERSEY: Wayne: YSA, c/a Clyde Magarelli, William-Paterson versity Sta., Knoxville, Tenn. 37916. ~ 1 7 p.m. · College of N.J., 300 Pompton Rd., Wayne, N.J. 07470. Nashville: YSA, c/o Elizabeth Lariscy, 1214 17th Ave. S., Nashville, CONNEcnCUT: Hartford: YSA, c/a Bob Quigley, 127 Washington St., NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque: YSA, c/o Vivian Abeles, 3807 Thaxton Tenn. 37201. Tel: (615)292-8827. Apt. 106, Hartford, Conn. 06106. S. E., Albuquerque, N. M. 8710B. Tel: (505) 268-1541. TEXAS: Austin: SWP and YSA, P.O. Box 55B6, West Austin Station, N- Hoven: YSA and Socialist Workers '72 Campaign, P.O. Box IB5, NEW YORK: Binghamton: YSA, c/a Betty Sachs, Box 1610, Harpur Austin, Texas 78703. Tel: (512) 47B-8602. Bookstore: 611 West 29th. New Hoven, Conn. 06501. College, Binghamton, N.Y. 13901. Houston: SWP and YSA and Pathfinder Books, 6409 Lyons Ave., Hous­ FLORIDA: Gainesville: YSA c/a David Zimet, Box 13861 University Brooldyn: SWP and YSA, 136 Lawrence St. (at Willoughby), Brooklyn, ton, Texas 77020. Tel: (713) 674-0612. Station, Gainesville, Fla. 32601. Tel: (904) 373-2627. N.Y. 11201. Tel: (212) 596-2849. San Antonio: YSA, c/o P. 0. Box 774, San Antonio, Texas 78202. Tallahassee: YSA, c/o Brett Merkey, Bl4 California St. Tallahassee, long Island: YSA, P.O. Box 357, Roosevelt, L.l., N.Y. 11575. Tel: (516) WASHINGTON, D.C.: SWP and YSA, 746 9th St. N. W., 2nd fl., Wash., Fla. 32304. Tel: (904) 222-B776. FR9-0289. . D. C. 20001. Tel: (202) 783-2363. GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant Bookstore, 6B Peachtree St. (3rd floor), N- York City-City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broadway (4th St.), WASHINGTON: Pullman: YSA, c/o Roger Snelgrove, 209 High St., SWP and YSA, P. 0. Bax 846, Atlanta, Ga. 30301. Tel: (404) 523-0610. Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: (212) 260-0976. Pullman, Wash. 99163. ILLINOIS: Carbondale: YSA, cfp John Center, 1407 Schnider Hall, lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA and Merit Bookstore, 706 Broadway (4th Seattle: Militant Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., Seattle, Wash. Bush Towers, Carbondale, Ill. 62901. Tel: (61B) 453-5BB2. . St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: SWP-(212) 9B2-6051; 98105. Hrs. II a.m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sat. Tel: (206) 523-2555. . Chicago: SWP, YSA and bookstore, 180 N. Wacker Dr., Rm. 310, Chi­ YSA-(212) 982-8214, Merit Books-(212) 9B2-5940. WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o Mary Ja Vogel, 411 W. Gorham St., cago, Ill. 60606. Tel: SWP-(312) 641-0147, YSA-(312) 641-0233. Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, 2744 Broadway (106th St.), New Madison, Wis. 53703. Tel: (608) 256-1693. DeKalb: YSA, c/a Student Activities Center, Northern Illinois U, DeKalb, York, N.Y. 10025. Tel: (212) 663-3000. Milwaukee: YSA, 17-42 1'-1. Cambridge, Milwaukee, Wis. 53202. Tel: Ill. 60115. Tel: (BI5) 753-0510 (day); (BI5) 758-2935 (night). NOin'H CAROLINA: Chapel Hill: YSA, P. 0. 8ox 2207, Chapel Hill, N.C. (-41-4) Vl-3624. INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Dan Caine, 446 E. 2nd St., Bloom­ V514. Oshkosh: YSA, c/a Pal Tomasko, 1932 Nebraska St., Oshkosh, Wis. ington, Ind. 47 401. OHIO: Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., Cleveland, 5-4901.

22 " ~--OAKLAND, CALIF.------11111... ""Come to a buffet dinner~ with Linda Jenness presidential candidate . & Ken Mitiner/Sat. Feb.t9 candidate for 7th Congressional District Refreshments.J:JO/Dinner6=30/ Entertainment--Right On Theater Group Socialist Worliers Campaign Headquarters, .. 3636 Telegraph -.....Ave., Oakland, Calif. Telephone: ( 416) 664-9726. ~

olso: WOMEN AND THE 19n , ELECTIONS by Betsey Stone; THE ANTIWAR ARMY· by Fred Halstead; THE STALIN-HIRER PACT by Milton Alvin; first time in Eng­ San Francisco lish: a chapter from Leon Trotsky's history of the 1905 Russian Rave> lution. Linda Jenness s w_'P_ presidential candidate ...... { ) Enclosed is $2 for 3 months of TOSiStAK AT•••• the------ISR and 10 weeb of The Mil­ itant. ( ) Enclosed is $.l for 3 months of SOCIALIST CAMPAIGN RALLY the ISR. { ) Send me 1 year of the ISR lor THURSDAY FEB. lOth 8:00P.m. $5. Name______SANCHEZ SCHOOL Addres•------• 325 Sanchez street anwEEN 16th & 17th City------­ State Zip __ DONATION $ 1.00 H.S. STUDENTS • 50 14 Charles Lane, N.Y., N.Y. 10014. FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL 415 • 626 ·9958

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''Regularly buy and read the periodical Intercontinental Press INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS!" P. 0. Box 116 Clip and mail to: , P. 0. Village Station Box 471 Cooper Sta., N.Y., That's the handwritten advice from one New York, N.Y. 10014 N.Y. 10003. of our supporters in Tokyo. Name ______( ) Send me more informa­ tion about the YSA. Right on! ) I want to join the YSA. Street ------) Enclosed is $1 for a set of resolutions passed at We can only add that the easiest way to City State Zip __ the YSA convention. · "regularly buy and read" is to subscribe. Name ______( ) Enclosed is $7.50 for 26 issues. Address ______( ) Enclosed is $16 for one year. City ______--==--- So fill out the blank and mail it in. ( ) Please send a sample copy. State Zip

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 11 I 1972 23 THE MILITANT West' Coast- dockers tighten strike By ED HARRIS feat the attempt to break . the ILWU is to break the back of our union, and their United States destfuation, .and -· SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 31- Striking strike. they have pursued this plan in com­ will not. allow non-union men to take West Coast longshoremen and ship Delegations headed by Local 10 of­ plete disregard for the public. . . . " their places. clerks have been backed into a corner ficials went to the San Francisco La­ The fmal two paragraphs ofthisleaf­ For 100 days, from July 1 to Oct by a combination of enemies- the bor Co\lncil, the San Francisco Build­ let read: "We are being asked to accept 6, when the striking ILWU was forced shipowners, the federal government, ing Trades Council, and the Alameda a set of PMA demands that would de­ bac)[ to work by a Taft-Hartley in­ and an ineffectual strike strategy. Labor Council (which represents the stroy the system of job-dispatch, which junction, cargo diverted from struck But they have come out fighting, labor movement of Oakland and neigh­ has always prevented discrimination West Coast ports was worked by with greater prospects of winning than boring cities across the Bay). ID all and favoritism and ensured an equal union. longshoremen in Vancouver, before. At the same time, President three bodies the call ·was passed opportunity to all of us. B. C., and Ensenada, Mexico, as part Nixon's attempt to get Congress to pass unanimously. As soon as delegates "Since th-ese demands seriously jeop­ of the strategy developed by the ILWU legislation to break the dock strike is from the unions are elected, the confer­ ardize our immediate economic wel­ Strike Strategy Committee. bogged down in the House Subcom­ ence will be held. fare and long-term job security, while During the 1 00-day strike, Vancou­ mittee on Labor. In the meantime, Local 10 is en­ threatening the bare existence of our ver's inbound tonnage increased 75 There ar~ two important develop­ gaged in a massive propaganda effort union, they are in fact a basic issue percent, and Ensenada handled 60 ments here. The strike is being tight­ to acquaint people with the strike is­ in our strike! " ships in the first 60 days of the strike, ened up along the coast, and in the sues. Pickets from Local 10 are now This paragraph refers to the "steady the Sept 18 Christian Science Mon­ Bay Area a conference of the labor to be seen all over the Bay Area, man" issue, Section 9.43 of the con­ itor reported. The ships of companies movement is being called. handing out leaflets and talking to tract, which gives the employer the belonging to the PMA ran what the Bending to persistent rank-and-file people at union meetings, supermark­ right to bypass the union's job-rotat­ longshoremen call "the strike-breaking pressure, at long last the Coast Strike ets, and in working-class districts. ing hiring haiL triangle." That is, fttst they w.ould ,-Strategy Committee has finally cut off The Local10 leafletbeingdistributed This leaflet was well received every­ bring inbound cargo to Canada or the flow of strike-diverted cargo from is headed "Our Longshore Strike­ where. Mexico, with U.S. cargo discharged Canadian and Mexican ports. The Look Out, you and your union may For the time being the question of for transshipment by truck. Second, committee is headed by Harry Bridges, be next." The leaflet continues: "Our merging the ILWU with the Inter­ the ships would sail empty to West president of the International Long­ employer- the Pacific Maritime Asso­ national Brotherhood of Teamsters Coast ports. Third, military and other shoremen's and Warehousmen's Union tion- has failed to bargain in good has been shelved. But the two unions outbound cargo for Guain, Cambo­ (ILWU). faith. Phase One of the PMA's plan are at present collaborating in a pick­ dia, and Vietnam would be loaded On the political level, ILWU Local was to force a long and grueling strike et line at the California-Mexico border. by striking ILWU members. 10 (San Francisco), on its own ini- · with the intention of starving us into They have succeeded in stopping This fancy game has now ended. tiative, has called for an "Immediate vot4tg for a substandard contract strike-diverted cargo · from the Mexi­ From the negotiations between the . Emergency Conference of all labor or­ Failing in that attempt, Phase Two can port of Ensenada from entering ILWU and the East Coast Interna­ ganizations, regardless of afflliation." of the PMA's scheme is to sit back and the United States. It's quite simple. tional Longshoremen's Association The announced objective of this confer­ await a pro-employer legislated settle­ Union Teamsters just refuse to drive (ILA) came two positive things. The ence is to plan coneerted action to de- ment. In either event, their master plan the. loaded trucks from the border to Continued on page 22

By DAVE FRANKEL article, "were agreed that no nail break the law." It went on to say FEB. 2-A general strike of Catho­ bombs or petrol bombs had been that "The security forces choose the Massive lic workers has spread through­ thrown and there was certainly no time and place at which to intervene out Northern Ireland in the wake of hail of gunfire aimed · at the troops. and this policy, which is clearly in the British army's murderous attack­ The army shot fast . . ." the public interest, allows the possi­ protests on a peaceful mass demonstration in According to the Feb. 1 New York · bility that marches may, in some Derry three days ago. A wave of anti­ Times, "Reginald Maulding, the [Brit­ cases, proceed for some distance be­ British protests is also occurring in ish]· Home Secretary, defended the per­ fore being stopped. against the Republic of Ireland to the south. formance of British troops in "This does not, however, :mean that Thirteen civilians were left dead a:1;1d the shooting. . . . ~ut he indicated the participants will be allowed to break at least 16 wounded when British pressures over the tragedy by agree­ the law with impunity." paratroopers opened ftte with auto­ ing to an 'impartial, judicial' inquiry." The second statement, pointed to by killings in matic weapons on a demonstration of In Northern Ireland itself, the Prot­ the Civil Rights Association and re­ between 15,000 and 20,000 called by estant government is not even offering ferred to in the Jan. 31 New York the Northern Ireland Civil Rights As­ the sop of an "inquiry" to the op­ Times, was by Revere~d James Mc­ sociation (NICRA). It was the most pressed Catholic national minority. In Clelland, vice-president of the pro-gov­ N.lreland costly single attack on the Catholic a statement issued on the night of the ernment Derry Democratic Unionist national minority since the resurgence killings, Northern Ireland Prime Association. On Saturday, McClelland of the civil rights campaign in 1969. Minister Brian Faulkner blamed the explained the cancellation of a loyal- Defying a government ban on all organizers of the demonstration and . ist counter-rally planned for Sunday demonstrations, the protesters were de­ the Irish Republican Army (IRA) for afternoon. ·The Jan. 31 Irish Times manding an end to the government's the violence. quotes him as saying, "We were ap­ policy of internment under which some The attack in Derry, now referred to proached by the government and 755 Catholics nave been imprisoned as "Bloody Sunday;" has been com­ given assurances that the Civil Rights without charge or trial. pared to the 1960 Sharpeville mas­ march will be halted-by force if nec­ The attack, which was followed by sacre in which 72 Blacks were shot essary. 50 to 60 arrests, was defended by dead by South African police and sol­ "We believe wholesale riot and both the British and Northern Ireland diers during an unarmed and peaceful bloodshed could be the result of the governments. So far, however, not one demonstration against that country's Civil Rights activities tomorrow and witness has substantiated their claim :--ass laws. we would be held responsible if our that snipers fired at the British troops The Northern Ireland Civil Rights rally takes place. We have also ap­ first Catholic priests, members .of the Association charged in a statement pealed to all loyalists to stay out of Northern Ireland and British parlia­ issued Sunday night, Jan. 30, and the city centre tomorrow. n ments, and community leaders have reprinted in the Jan. 31 Irish Times, A general strike, called by the out­ all charged that the paratroopers fired "It appears Mr. Faulkner, realizing lawed Irish Republican Army, has al­ indi:scrin_J.inately into the crowd and the people could not be kept off the ready halted the commercial life of that the only incident prior to the streets by repressive legislation, de­ Derry, according to the Feb. 1 Wash­ attack was some rock throwing. cided to shoot them, off the streets." ington Post. Bernadette Devlin, a member of the The claim of the NICRA, that the Meanwhile. Juring an emergency de­ British Parliament and an activist in Northern Ireland government intend­ bate in the House of Commons in the civil rights struggle of Northern ed to break up the march, regardless London, the Labor Party, rather than Ireland's oppressed Catholic minority, of its conduct, in order to enforce its calling for the immediate withdrawal was about to begin the rally at Free ban on demonstrations, has been of British troops, demanded that Brit­ Derry Corner (Derry's equivalent to given some credibility by two state­ ish imperialism take over all respon­ Hyde Park in London) when the at­ ments issued prior to the march. sibility for maintaining "law and or­ tack began. According to the Jan. 31 Irish der" from Northern Ireland's Protes­ BernadeHe Devlin The Irish Times, published daily Times, the British army and the Prot­ tant government The sharpest voice in Dublin and the most authoritative estant government's Royal IDster of protest against Britain's · occupa­ paper in the Republic of Ireland, car­ Constabulary warned in a joint state­ tion of Northern Ireland was that of ried front-page accounts of the events ment on Saturday, Jan. 29, that "Ex­ Bernadette Devlin. According to the in Derry in its Jan. 31 issue. The perience this year has already shown Feb. 2 New York Times, she told articles, written by three reporters who that attempted marches often end in the hushed parliament, "The para­ were at the demonstration, gave sim­ violence. . . ." The statement insisted troopers may have had their day on ilar accounts of the events. "Every­ that responsibility for aily violence our Bloody Sunday, but we have a one, including journalists," said two would rest "squarely on the shoulders saying in Ireland: There's another of the Times' reporters 'in a co-signed of those who encourage people to day coming.n

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