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November &December 2001 '1\vo Dollars

.What's Rigbt With America!

Let me te115'Qu what's rlgh~ .with our nation• .Her .critics will tell ~ou· what's ~rong. She stands on a solid foundation. Her faith, beeps America· strong. We have witnessed ·her leaders united. A.s Amerl.cans stand side, b., side.· Our 11outh have their spirit Ignited. Glowing. with national pride. Our anthem brings us to attention. The flag Is respected and awed. In our pledge of allegiance we. mention, Wetre one nation, submitted to God. We've humbled ourselves, as a people. We were wounded but wlll·not despair. We hear the bells In our steeple, Calling our nation to prayer. In spite of our pain.and great sorrow. We're strong, and we'll win this fight. As we build a brighter tomorrow; B~ doing what's noble and righL PAOE 2 WRANGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 ····-·

BY BONME KENYON . Drewry, IL; Pam Downey, VA; Jim Carkhuff, MT; . t~r hru(linally found its way to· our· Jean Girard, WA; Chuck Brady, TX. oorstep. The fall season hung on W: uch longer than last year and my neighbors (Rick and I included) relished in the extra time we had for fUling the woodshed and picking. up after .a busy stlll'Uner. Due to the need to use this p~Jge for our yearly Statement of Ownership,. Management and Oi.r.culation, this issue's Note W:tll·be ..short. -. J.;'do want to call your attentiOJl .te> A Hiatory oJ the·R~neoott Mines Kennecott, Alaska· by William C. Douglass starting on page 11. I fo1p1d it especially interesting because I atn-.presen:tly lliiiliiiii .... -...,...... ~-­ readh1g· Ron Simpson's book Legcwy of the Chief &"'" c;s. ClLall~ (see ROn's ad on page 31). The rich hi~toryin both items compliment each other.- We trust you Will enjoy this new issue of WSEN! Wran.geU St. Elias News welcomes aboard the following subscribers: Bruce ·Kremers, MT; Beth Houghton, WA; Pete Sennhauser, CA.; Ken and Peggi Smith, TN; Walter Wood, :AK; William

.: :; Wrangell St. B'lfatj Nea1s ·'.C. VOL.. Ten. Issue Six, November & December 'a'••. ·.· 2001. Published every two months at McCarthy, Alaska. McCarthy, PO Box MXY, Glennallen, AK 99588- .. 8998. Phone (907) 554-4454. FAX (907) 554-4494 (note this Is a new number).

NOTE NEW E·mall: [email protected].

"Copynght@ 2001 by Wrangell St. Elf8.$ News • . ·No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the express permission of the publishers.• Contributors to this issue: George Cebula, Ned Ro~ell. JoAnne Woolever, Jim Drewry, Betty Adams, Dianne Ellsworth and William C. Douglass. Subscription price is $1 0 for one year in the USA. Canada $12.50. Other countries $20. Advertising rates.upon request. Deadline for publication In next l~ue Is December 15 .

.PERIODICALS POSTAGE PAID AT I ::r.:-=-----,.._,,.._,.....,.,. __, -IIIIPtctlltiiJIIIIIIal- ~LENNALLEN, AK. 99588. • ===:~-..:=.~~===lie> r.a..lkt_, ___...... ,. .. "'3;:.!~ - .· POSTMASTER: Send address changes to .. -•-.. o--.- .... -u,..,__ .,._"_"'"'""' W~ngell St. Elias News, McCarthy, PO Box =-..=-~===="~~-==:-.==.::..-=::-.:- . :::..:=:=-=:::~::..~-:=;;.~=::.=== ._"M~~ Glennallen, AK 99588-8998. "_"_...... _.. ___ ., __ .. ...,.. .,.."_."".....,. w-m•·-·*"""·- .....~~~---.,--- ....., .. ---,__ ......

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BY BONNIE KENYON be granted by the store manager. look forward to seeing more of Thom, Cate, Frances and Tupper was 8 weeks old when you this winter. Maggie Bursch: It's been several the Borsches took him under Jim, Jeannie, Stacie and years since I've had the Bursch their wing. He will be with them Aaron Miller: The Miller family as an item of interest. for another 6 months and then household was full of activity the They left their Fireweed cabin Tupper will be flown by Alaska day I called Jeannie. She was when Frances and Maggie were Airlines to Palm Springs, Ca. for engaged in a cleaning project in much smaller than they are now further training at a school called the ki tchcn and packing for a and set up residence in Homer. Guide D0gs of the Desert. If he trip to Grand Rapids. Jim, This winter the family decided passes the test, Tupper's Jeannie, Stacie and Aaron are they would like to spend the personality will be matched up flying to Michigan for Matt and winter in the McCarthy area. with a blind person. Julie's wedding scheduled for Frances is now nearly 10 years November 3. Jeannie says her old (her birthday is just around sisters Sam and Terry will be the comer in December!) And attending, as well as other family Maggie is 8. members. Mter the wedding, The Bursches stopped by Jim, Jeannie, Stacie and Aaron the other day for a bit of will take a side trip to catching up. Frances and Washington and visit both Jim Maggie told me about a and Jeannie's moms before wonderful program that the returning to Kennicott mid ~ whole family is involved with­ November. Sounds like a family­ The Alaska 4H Puppy Raising packed adventure for the entire Program. The purpose of the Miller family! program is to train and match Lane Moffitt, Betty Adams guide dogs for the blind. WSEN staff photo and Kaylin: What do popsicles, a Tupper, a year old male Golden GATE, THOM, MAGGIE & greenhouse, a computer and a Retriever, is the recipient of the FRANCES. new kitchen stove all have in Bursch family's attention and common at the Moffitt/Adams' special training this winter. The residence? Lane, Betty and family was given a folder of uta­ Frances says most puppies Kaylin 's attention. Betty and do's" for Tupper. One example, are sponsored by a company. Kaylin are experimenting with ice says Cate, was to take Tupper on Although she wasn't sure of tea and cherry-flavored popsicles an airplane. Instead of being Tupper's sponsor, she couldn't and all three are sampling them, placed in a carrier and stored in help but wonder if Tupperware says Lane. Also, Kaylin is learning the cargo section, Tupper made has anything to do with Tupper's to use the computer and mouse the trip from Anchorage to education. Only SO% of the and doing very well. Perhaps you 7 Minnesota sitting at Cate S feet puppies who enter training make can teach your dad how to at the whole way. He was 6 months graduation. If Tupper does least turil"it on, Kaylin! at the time and, according to complete the course in flying Betty is looki.ng forward to Cate, did very well. The only colors, one or n1ore of the her new kitchen range soon to be thing he left behind was plenty of Bursches may be invited to installed. I have a feeling Betty dog hair. Cate says that happens attend the celebration. will be making good use of that when a dog is nervous. Another Cate is homeschooling purchase real soon! "to·do" is to take the puppy Frances and Maggie and Thorn is shopping. Inside the store? I Don, Lynn, Sarah and Rene finishing up n root cellar project. asked J.i'rances. She nodded but Welty: When I called this evening Sounds like it didn't take long to said Tupper has to wear a blue looking for an item of interest get back into the routine of bush cape that identifies her as a from the Welty family, Sarah told living! Welcome back, Cate, guide dog and permission must me she, her sister and mom were Thorn, Frances and Maggie. We PAGE 4 WRANGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 preparing to leave for the big city exactly where she wants to go :Mark, who lives in close in the morning. Don was due to and when and h~ts n way of letting proximity to the Bursches, was arrive in Anchorage returning George know, too! busy arranging his plans for :1 from a two month flying job at a When she and George visit, trip to New York City. He hunting camp. The Welty ladies Sophie likes to join in on the informed me that several other plan on meeting up with him and conversation and does quite well McCarthyites were attending Kris do some serious shopping for at holding her own. We're just Rueter and Sam Gregory's their winter supplies. The girls not quite sure which side she is wedding on Saturday, October can hardly wait to see their dad on! No matter, she has a right to 27. Mark and I started counting and, Lynn, well let's just say she's her own opinion. on our fingers those we had been missing him for 2 months! heard were planning on making The other day George needed the trip. Let's see, besides Mark, Sarah said that shortly after to run an errand on the spur of they come back and unload their the moment so he put Sophie in there is Andy and Cynthia Shidner, Jeretny and Kirsten, supplies, the entire family plans her new dog pen. Sophie wasn't Elizabeth and Avery, and Nancy on taking a mini trip to Cordova. impressed! She simply opened Cook. Mark said they hope to Don has a deer hWlt set up and the door and came· over for a meet up with Katy Steger who Lynn and girls will visit good visit! Take heart, George, any has been spending some time in friends. dog that can determine her own Sarah and Rene really fate can certainly learn all sorts New York. I'm looking forward to a report, Mark, when you get enjoyed a couple classes they of tricks ..Just ask Sophie. full participated in recently. Catie home! Bursch shared her expertise Ed LaChapelle and Meg with the local young people on Hunt: Meg tells me she and Ed the art of drawing. Catie and are thoroughly enjoying the daughters Frances and Maggie fruits of this summer's labors. held a beading class as well. Her "intensive gardening" There is certainly a lot of talent procedure with raised beds is for such a small community! working extremely well. In fact, George Cebula: George is a 7 sq. ft. bed brought a harvest really making the rounds in the of 22 lbs. of carrots, says Meg. neighborhood these days. Most Good sauerkraut this year and dog owners make sure their the tomato vines hanging upside down inside the cabin are still animals get plenty of exercise WSEN staff photo so they dutifully take them for "BEAUTY AND THE BEAST," producing ripe tomatoes and walks or provide them a dog SAYS MARK! the onions are successfully kennel. Watching George and drying as well. Sophie the other day caused me Since our first snowfall of the to think that instead of George season brought us a good foot of taking Sophie on a walk, it was Mark Vail and Tessa Bay: fluffy snow, Ed and Meg are doing really Sophie who was taking When the Bursch family stopped a good amount of skiing. The George on a walk. She knows by the other day, they were snowmachine is poised and ready accompanied by Mark and Tessa. for use when necessary and both Tessa Bay, 8 year old daughter of Ed and Meg are settling in for Kelly and Natalie Bay, was going the long winter months ahead. home with Frances and Maggie Chad Reymiller: Speaking of for a few days of rest, relaxation, settling in now that winter has fun and schoolwork. officially arrived in McCarthy, I asked Tessa how she liked Chad is back in the area. This homeschool (fine, she said). year he brought a new snow­ Docs she ever get homeworl{? machine, his favorite mode of (Yes, every night!!) Really? I winter transportation, and a new blurted. She quickly picked up on (for him) picl~up truck. He's my sympathy for her plight and already started on a "to-do" list smiled. for the completion of his log WRANGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 PAGE 5

cabin and taking some time to chainsaw bar and chain Both Audrey and Jim are visit his neighbors. \Vel come which they had purchased. When excited about their new sun back, Chad! they returned to begin the job of room, complete with hot tub. Chris Richards: Another transferring their supplies across Those long, dark winter months "welcome back" to Chris, who the river, they discovered to their are just ahead of us and I'm sure recently returned from a visit dismay that the new bar and the Edwards are looking forward with his mom in Los Angeles. He chain had been stolen and to taking advantage of all the and Rudy had a wonderful time replaced with a used bar and sunlight they can get! and the weather was absolutely chain! Not such a pleasant A1 and Fran Gagnon: All is beautiful. Rudy even had a experience, says Chris! If it was a well at May Creek, reports AI. A playmate-Chris's mom's dog joke, Chris isn't laughing, and he fabulous fall and an active which is a 90 lb. black poodle. I feels bad that someone would do birdfeeder. I visited with Fran don't know how much Rudy that to such a nice guy! awhile, too, and the signs of weighs but he's no slouch and .Jim and Audrey Edwards: winter have shown up in their he's white so the threesome Everyone seems to be digging out neck of the woods. AI has put probably drew some attention on their skis, snowmachines and the their 4 wheeler away and brought their trips to the park. like. Jim says he is busy out the snowmachine. The long There's no place like home, modifying his Troy-Built tractor johns have come out of storage however, and Chris must have to aid him in his winter snow­ and }i'ran is knitting like mad used at least three ureallys" in blowing projects. while she and AI root for their describing how glad he and favorite Baseball team. The Rudy were to be home. Gagnons are really enjoying their satellite TV dish. I asked On a different Fran is she and .AI are note ... Chris related a rather cheering for the same team. unfortunate incident which She assured me they were! occurred to him this last The more her team wins, the summer. He and his faster she knits. With the manager, Dave, returned World Series coming up, from a shopping trip into maybe we all should get our town and left their truck full wool sock orders in to Fran! of materials parked on the west side. One item they reallv needed was the new

WSEN staff photo WSEN staff photo SEVERAL NEW CABINS SPRANG UP THIS NEW CABIN IS AT GLACIER IN THE MCCARTHY AREA THIS VIEW CAMPGROUND. IT WILL BE SUMMER. THIS IS ONE OF THREE .READY FOR RENTAL DURING THE: THAT BELONGS TO PAT PRODEN AT · SUMMER SEASON·2002. MILE 58 1/2 ON THE MCCARTHY ROAD. (BEHIND THE NPS KIOSK) PAGE 6 W~'1Gl-A.L ST. !-~LIAS NEWS NOVIDIBEit & DECEMBEH 2001 Opposition to Wayside proied growing BY RICK KENYON Other property owners, Stephen thought that DOT&P~' should After two canceled meetings and Kelly Syren spoke against have some presence at the end of in McCarthy, a meeting in the project. One of the proposals the road. After the meeting, I Anchorage where public opinion is to take their existing parking talked with Mr. Dennerlicn and was heavily weighted towards lot at the Kennicott River, a he spoke very highly of the new "no-build," and numerous second proposal is to build a process called uchip seal, that impassioned letters from local public parldng lot in the right-of­ the state is using instead of residents and property owners way on the Syrens' property-a pavement. Many at the meeting along the path of the proposed right-of-way that is contested as chided the DOT&PF for pursuing Kennicott River Wayside project to width and property rights. projects such as the wayside, asking the Department of Only two of the 20 in attendance rather than using resources to Transportation and Public spoke in support of going ahead upgrade the road. Facilities (DOT&PF) to abandon with the project. Thea Agnew, Project Manager Janet Brown the plan, planners in Juneau are president of the McCarthy Area rescheduled the McCarthy scheduling yet another McCarthy Council called the written Meeting for October 12. About a meeting in November. responses to the "Issues and dozen local residents showed up The meeting scheduled for Options" mailout "bull__ ." for the meeting, but inclement September 12 at McCarthy was {The majority of those weather prevented the DOT&PF canceled in the wake of the responding favored putting any planning team's arrival. They terrorist attacks on New York parking lot on the east side of were coming in by chartered and Washington, D.C. About 20 the river, and converting the airplane. National Park Service people plus three DOT&PF existing bridge to accommodate representatives did fly in for the representatives attended the vehides.) Bob Jacobs, of St. Elias meeting, but Chief Ranger Anchorage meeting September Alpine Guides, also spoke in Hunter Sharp refused a request 18. The owners of the Glacier favor of DOT&PF providing a to show up at the meeting site to View Campground, Chris Epton free, unattended parking lot, talk to those assembled about and Chuck Gretzke, were visibly then added, "I feel like a salmon the NPS's current position on the shaken when they viewed draw­ trying to swim against the . project. ings of the proposed project­ current." Chip Dennerlien, Just before going to press, one of which would take their president of the Alaska chapter we learned that another meeting entire campground/restaurant of the National Parks and is scheduled for November 14, area. They reiterated their Conservation Association, said it lPM at the McCarthy-Kennicott commitment to continue to didn't look like there was need Community Church. provide free parking for locals for another parlting lot, but and strongly opposed the project. Village Safe Water proiect sv BETTY ADAMs At the most recent meeting the for the grant at this time. The . he Kennicott McCarthy consultant gave a 65% presenta­ Master Utility Plan is only 65% Chamber of Commerce tion which defined conclusions complete and they wanted to Treceived a $50,000 and recommendations for capitol complete this study first. Also, grant from Village Safe Water improvements and recommended the deadline (or grant applica­ (VSW) and has been working alternatives. tion did not allow sufficient time with the McCarthy Area Council The Chamber had the for community input. and other area residents to opportunity to apply for an In September the Chamber conduct a study to develop a additional grant from VSVI/ to and the McCarthy Area Council Master Utility Plan for the drill three test wells in order to sent out a letter to community McCarthy-Kennicott area. determine if groundwater would members and area property There have been three public be a suitable drinking water owners requesting that everyone meetings in McCarthy with the source. The Chamber Board of review the options and express a engineering firm doing the study.. Directors voted against applying selection of a viable option for WRANGELL ST. 1-~LIAS NEWS NOVEMBER& DECEM.BER 2001 PACE7 completion of the Master Utility given in the letter, and that another letter that will include Plan. They sent l 70 letters but many concerns had not yet been growth rate charts, Operation only had 30 responses. From the addressed. Limited response and Maintenance costs, and an responses it was clear that there time and world events were also additional option. The 95% final was a lot of confusion, that not a problem. Because of this, the draft will be returned to the enough information had been Chamber will be sending out community for final review. Horses Return to Chitina BY DIANNE ELLSWORTH and making the construction of draft, resembling their early one hundred the railroad a reality. On the predecessors in their massive years ago, horses in working bacl{s of these steeds, musculature and quiet Nand around Chitina alongside large teams of sled demeanor. The rest are of the were a common sight. They were dogs the towns of Chitina, riding variety, mostly used to build what is now the McCarthy and Kennecott were warm-blooded mix breeds that Edgerton Highway, haul railroad born. But as the horses improved are best suited for mountain supplies, building materials and the Edgerton trail into a drivable riding. (For those readers not other freight into the then highway, their successes brought familiar with horseman's booming town of Chitina. AI about their own demise. Harsh nomenclature, warm-blooded Taylor, who has been a Lower winters and the cost of importing refers to a calm breed of riding Tonsina area resident for over SO hay made horse ownership horse, typically a Quarterhorse, years and who grew up near impractical; most disappeared as that does not have too much hot Chitina told me about the horses soon as trucks could travel the blood, or excitability, like the of past years. "There were thirty then dirt Edgerton Highway and Arabian. Draft breeds are to thirty-five draft horses owned trains could run the rails from considered cool blooded and are by the A.RC. (Alaska Road Kennecott to Cordova. the easiest to work with although Commission) construction crew Horseflesh has always been a not always the most comfortable plus a draft horse my father had staple of the canine diet; even to ride as their broad backs force out at Five Mile, (where the now when a horse needs to be you into the splits and their Chitina Airport is now). Another put down because of poor health heavy hooves can jar your teeth couple of horses were used in a or an impossible injury, the body out when they pound the Chitina freighting company--they most often goes to a dog musher ground.) All eleven of our horses used to drive their sledges right or is used for trap line bait. were frequently seen around through our front yard, Frozen ground makes burial Chitina town and down O'Brien delivering supplies across the impossible most of the year. One Creek the past two summers. river ice to the trails that went local family used four cords of (O'Brien Creek is the local name inland to the gold miners in the firewood to bum the body of for the road that leads south mountains. That was seventy-four their beloved steed, rather than from Chi tina down the Copper years ago, when Chitina was the protect it all winter from wolves Canyon but which is actually the only town around. Glennallen and birds. Who knows what Copper River Highway, or Wally's wasn't built then and the only happened to many of these Road, as a certain governor school around was in Chitina. My magnificent workers of the first attempted to reconstruct the old brother and I would ride our part of the 20th century? Kennecott railroad bed into a horse to school when it was warm Horses have made a small drivable highway, only to be enough and we went by dogsled but significant comeback to the stopped by federal regulations. when it was too cold. Ten miles town of Chitina. My partner, Now the road is being redesi~ned round trip each day to school." Barrie Shepherd, and I own into a non-motorized bike trail The horses of Chi tina pulled McCarthy Road Farm and Rides, that will eventually reach out stumps, cleared land for of Mile 15, McCarthy Road. We Cordova, this time with Federal roads and buildings, pulled in the now have eleven horses and each approval. Thankfully, it will be a original railroad equipment for summer we taltc them to pedestrian and equestrian trail as the Kennecott mines. These Chitina, where they have become, well.) horses were massive and strong, a common part of the landscape. One family cannot ride doing the work of dozens of men Three of our horses arc half eleven horses, not even one with PAO~ 8 WRANOI.';LL ST. ELlAS NEWS NOVI-~MBER & DECF.MB~R 2001 four kids like ours. At times at how much they d learned in refrigerator unit that was some of the riders are tourists, just one summer with 4-H. purchased in sections from a who have seen one of my ads or In the faiJ the horses are grocery in Valdez and hauled up read a Chi tina business flyer or moved back to Barrie's by truck. It works great-super just seen the horses around homestead on the McCarthy insulated so that even at minus town. I guide adventure trail Road at mile 15. A year-round 50 the horses warm it up just rides and give riding lessons to spring makes watering the horses with their body heat. We had to help raise money for the hay that easier there than keeping them put in multiple vents so that it the horses will need during the at the Ellsworth house in wouldn't sweat, it gets so hot. year. Even grown locally in Kenny Chi tina, where water comes off Alaska stimulates minds toward Lake, hay costs more than $300 the mountain during the summer constant recycling of materials! per ton, or between $7-$10 a months only. In the summer a Horses are hard to keep here bale (compared to $40/ton in horse drinks 20 gallons of water in Alaska, but they are worth it. the lower 48.) a day, in the winter it drops to There is so much to see from the Other times our horses are five to ten gallons per horse­ back of a horse. It's quieter than ridden by local Chitina youth that's still a lot of water to have a 4 wheeler or snow machine and who are in a new chapter of 4-H to haul by truck all winter. you can cover more ground with that has sprung up in the past We ride at the homestead more gear than a person on foot, year. We have seven members whenever people are interested. plus the view is just a bit prettier, here in Chitina who are active in It just takes a little more time to a few feet higher, you see more. the 4-H club that I help advise get out the road, so people can't Riding around town reminds (with Marlene Wenger of Kenny do it at the spur of the moment one of the old days when Chitina Lake). Since we have the only like they sometimes do here in was just being built and riding horses in Chitina, the kids spend Chi tina. As for riding in out in the wilderness takes you a lot of time at my bam doing inclement weather, all you need to a time immemorial, views and chores in exchange for riding. is a strong constitution, bunny wildlife of outstanding nature. As The chores nearly always boots and other winter clothes. you clip clop down the Copper involve horses, so the kids are The horses seem to do just fine, Canyon, ride past all the really learning about all aspects even at zero, though we don't let struggling four wheel rigs, of horse care as well as learning them do any running then. This around road-blocks and over the how to ride. I brought home a area doesn't get enough snow to landslides that stranded so many new filly the other day and the prevent riding and the trails arc fishermen this summer, you 4-H members proceeded to actually easier to travel in winter really get a sense of leaving analyze her, asking me if I because the muskeg is frozen. civilization behind. But on your realized that she had a parrot lip, When it gets really cold, like horse, you feel anything but but reassuring me that she had below twenty-below, we put the alone. They just feel right and I good legs, neither cow-hocked horses in the bam. The bam, by hope horses can be a part of nor pigeon-toed. I was surprised the way, is a remolded walk-in Chitina for a long time to come. Porcupines and Terrorists BY JIM DREWRY As I walked up it became was suffering and had been so he sun glowed off the obvious she was distraught. I since early this morning. Maria yellows and golds of fall. asked her how she was doing and had discovered it when checking TThe glacial melt of the she said, "Not well." the dogs. Kennicott River had dropped to Her dark reddish brown eyes Apparently she had ridden its lowest yet. Whole new gravel were wide as she explained. She her bike the 2 miles up and bars were revealed. I walked up was going back to the lodge for across to the lodge already. They along the bank early that more "incgar. had given her the vinegar to morning towards the Her dog had a mouth and a soften the quills and speed their Tramstation. A slender woman removal. was speaking into the solar paw full of porcupine quills. She powered phone. She had a water had been trying to get them out Mike, a fellow from the guide bottle in her hand. by herself with a pair of those service, stopped to see if he collapsible pliers. The Akita, Eli, could help. As Maria rode off for WRANGELL ST. EI,JAS NEWS NO\'Jo~MHEit & DECEMBER 2001 PAGE 9

more vinegar, Mike and I went in He pawed his snout and hobbled news most of us foll{s sort of the Jeep to see if we could on one foot almost falling sought out others. I listened in comfort the dog. down-the anguish was apparent. disbelief to my radio. I thought They barked as we walked up. We talked to him. She must this is a really poor taste version Fifteen of the sweetest sled dogs have gotten the collar on. He of \Var of the Worlds. But it you ever saw, and 2 or 3 pets. pseudo snapped at her too. She didn't stop. Then the second Out from the back of Jeremy's loved the dog Eli, and had been plane hit-then the news from red musher truck they stood on taking care of them all for a Arlington and Pennsylvania. I the ground and doghouse roofs, week, but he wasn't her dog headed up into the campground stretched along the chain. Each either. Ell was Jeremy's best to see Bob from Valdez. He came on a lead and each with its own friend. Jeremy, a young musher, around his table and clasped a little plywood hay-filled house. was working around McCarthy soft fist to his heart and looked There lay Eli amongst them with this summer getting ready for down. He said nothing. We spoke disturbed eyes. I had my heavy the winter season. He was a good of other things and I wandered winter gloves on-as if that guy with a ready smile that was over to Glacier View Camp­ would protect me from those hard not to like. And his dogs ground where I found Chris had potentially bone crushing jaws. reflected Jeremy's goodness. been half asleep listening to Art At least they'd keep the hair Maria was taking care of the lot Bell when the first attack came. off-I'm allergic. \Ve talked to of them while Jeremy was off to He said he didn't know if he was him consolingly and he let me the East Coast for a wedding. dreaming or not. He never went pet and rub his back and side. None of us wanted to get bitten back to sleep that night. Woke We both did. He was in sad and didn't quite know what to the Kenyon's with the news at shape. There was blood on his do, though Mil{e had done this 6:30AM. A little man who lives front left leg, from where I didn't job before. By the way he was over off Dan Creek came up to know. When Mike held his collar acting he obviously lmew the the cafe and joined us. He took and tried to tum his head up so perils involved. Eli hadn't bitten the news to two Israeli campers we could see, Eli resisted and us yet and maybe he did sort of around the loop. One shortly almost snapped at Mike's snap at us, but it was in hurt and appeared wanting more infor­ hand-who backed off pain. He could have ripped us up mation. "D_' crazy Jihad," he immediately. We both did. quite easily. He knew we were muttered. This was a powerful young . there to help him. I left and wandered over to dog in his 95 pound prime. A As I write this it's a week the Kenyon's, ostensibly for creature of beauty and strength. since the terrorist attacks on the propane and some other Sire to a great line of sled dogs. East Coast. The radio is playing a business, but more just to be I write "snapped," but he medley of American music from with folks. They'd seen all the didn't, really. He fake snapped. Lovin' Spoonful, Bob Dylan, Cher footage off the satellite and the His mouth was too full of quills singing the Star Spangled phone had been ringing on and to snap. We didn't know the dog Banner. From time to time off again all morning. Rick says and we'd had only a glimpse of emotions have welled up from to me, "You don't have any his face and mouth. Half a beard deep inside in empathy with the bombs on you, do you, Jim?" He of black-tipped ivory quills heartbreaking news from the pats my jacket pocket. abounded in the lower left side of East Coast. The stupidity of "Only an energy bar and a his face and a handful were humans in their destruction. Our can of Sprite," I respond with no imbedded in his mouth. Maybe little towns of McCarthy and smile. Our feeble deadpan humor 60 quills. Kennecott shared in the disbelief served as a greeting as we walk My stomach tightened and of the nation. We maybe 137 through the garden to the my brows furrowed. He let us pet miles from a state trooper and be propane. him again and we put a chain in the middle of North America's Baclt at the house it was on leash on his collar. Maria rode up prime wilderness area, but we TV. Hard to believe. And there on her bike. have technology. she stood shuttering in her death I think we sort of held him In this part of the world agony-and. another plane while she tried putting more when your car breaks down it's appeared, and .headed right for vinegar on the quills. He slipped the next car that stops to help the twin-and crashed right into his collar. He got away from us. you. When the radio brought the it! Flame and a fireball burst out PAGE 10WRANGELL ST. ~LIAS NEWS NOVE~IBER & DECEMBER 2001

the other side in a screaming little air pocket in the quills and I wrapped some more. They rage of orange fire! It was a sick make them easier to pull. were secure. I went for his front cheap Hollywood movie. It Across the bridge came Matt legs. He squirmed and snapped. couldn't be real-all those and Julie. Newly engaged and Almost got away. Almost got me. people working in those glowing in their own moonbeam. I found myself staring at his buildings ... They had their four wheeler. tonsils past flashing canines, Days had passed, and folks Behind it rolled their new inches from my face. I backed were dealing with it in different engagement gift trailer. It had off. His collar came off. Mr. ways. It's the end of the season yet to be used, and here was its Diggen grabbed a choke chain here in McCarthy and friends are first job. They quickly agreed to and somehow got it on. We were saying good-bye and some are transport Eli up from camp to going now. getting ready for freeze-up. We the McCarthy Lodge. It's new Mr. Diggen dominated the are blessed with sunshine and ·owner had told Maria if she could dog. Eli resisted but to no avail. warm temperatures inviting us to get the dog up there, he'd help. Trying to squirm away. I got a distraction, with this American We had also been referred to wrap around. Mr. Diggen had him tragedy ongoing. The frustra­ Jeannie Miller as one who knew now and Autumn and Maria had tions, grief, and myriad private how to deal with this. their full weight into the effort emotions left us open to other's The four wheeler followed and we finally got Eli on his side. needs. We were going through the Jeep back to Jeremy's camp. As quick as I could, I wrapped up the stages of grief. Eli was exhausted and took his front paws. Here in Jeremy's camp was commands and pettings and a "Hog tie him!" ordered Mr. suffering and pain in my very leash, then jumped/hobbled into Diggen. arms that I might be able to do the back of the trailer with Maria I ripped a length of duct tape something about. l rubbed Eli's and me. We spoke consoling from the roll and tied the four taunt powerful shoulder muscles sounds and petted and held him. legs together. We had him now. and tried to talk soothingly to Matt and Julie took us up all the Perhaps with a knee on the him. He was trusting us. This way. Eli was not well. It was a chain, Mr. Diggen had Eli down beautiful young American girl long two miles. Pulling up in and was yanking a few quills out. with her auburn/brown waist front of the Lodge, Mr. Diggen Eli fought and gnashed. Eli length ponytail needed help. Eli came out with his apron on, cranked his jaws down on the outweighed her. The three of us wiping his hands on a towel. pliers. Several times I heard reconsidered. We left Eli alone to "Doctor, where do you want teeth and steel in slow motion. I calm down and Jeeped back to the patient?" I said. We were an thought, "He must be breaking the phone. eyeful. his teeth." Mr. Diggen's brother We discussed vets. I called up "How about in the blue came through. 1 don't know if it to Kennicott Lodge and Pam house." was Pope that handed Mr. Diggen there went through the phone We walked Eli up the stairs the hammer. The grip covered book to give us the closest vet to into the workroom. Autumn handle was stuffed lengthwise McCarthy-three hours to came out to help. Mr. Diggen back between his jaws like a bit. Copper Center. A quick call took control of the situation. He He resisted. With Maria, Autumn, revealed an answering machine held his head and half sat on Eli. Pope, Mr. Diggen and I working and no assistance. Copper Autumn had his front legs. I together, we subdued the dog. Center isn't that big. I called the grabbed his rear ones and Maria Mr. Diggen didn't stop. He lodge there to see if anyone his middle and we tried to bring fought the dog. Yanking quill there happened to know where him down. Eli was having none of after quill out with efficient the vet was. No. The next one was it. determination. And Eli gasping. 1 in Valdez. No human answering don't think we could have done it the phone there either. "Tie his legs together," ordered Mr. Diggen, and I tried. without Mr. Diggen. And Mr. We stood around the phone Eli didn't help. With all of us on Diggen might not have been able and it rang: Pam from Kennicott the dog I got a few wraps of duct to do it without the choke chain. Glacier Lodge again. More advice tape around his paws. Finally he was done. coming in. Cut the tips of the "Up over his hocks," directed He turns round to me and quills off with scissors. That will Mr. Diggen. says, "You get the ones in his release the pressure inside a paw." \\'RAXGELL ST. ELL\S !\E\\'S ~OVEMBER &.DECEMBER ~001 PAGE 11

For the first time I see Autumn and Maria. Mr. Diggen They looked like a vampire bite. · them-ten, maybe twelve pearly stood and exited quicldy as Eli Canine breaks. Mr. Diggen was teeth white-black tipped quills gasped for air. \Ve left him alone the hero of the situation, but we sticking out of the hair and soft to calm down. did it together. flesh between the pads. There "Now's time for a beer," Mr. Mter a good bit, Maria and I was nothing to do but accept the Diggen says. walked Eli slowly down to the pliers and grab Eli's foot. I pulled He might have been calm, bridge. They stayed there while I them out. Each one, after getting but I lmow Autumn, Maria and I went for my Jeep, still at their a grip, I'd yank. Sometimes a were still in the midst of the camp. Returning, I put the tarp little hair would come too. My adrenaline surge. Maria and Mr. down inside and we coaxed Eli in. world shrunk to include a sphere Diggen went into the bar. I went His head was bleeding a little about 2 feet around as I did it. in to the dining room and had from inside his mouth. He was Poor Eli. And then there were coffee with his Mom. She laughed exhausted, but much better off. I none. I felt between the pads. No at our seriousness. Her years of took them home. quills left. bush experiences enabled her to This last wecl{ of national "Cut him loose,n Mr. Diggen put all this in a better perspect~ crisis had provoked many said. ive. Together it worked out. emotions, debates and much soul My Swiss Army lmife split the We went back to the blue searching. What would our silver tape on the rear legs and house. To our relief, Eli was nation do. We wanted to root out he struggled to get them on the wagging his tail. He was wagging the many headed terrorist ground. his tail! He hobbled and tried to monsters from their lairs and "Everybody out," ordered Mr. jump up and lick Maria. Mr. pits like so many quills from a Diggen, his grip finn on the Diggen had two Eli teeth marks dogs mouth. If only it would be choke chain. I sliced the last tape sunk into the top of his forearm. so easy. If only. and headed for the door behind He hadn't said a word about it. A History of the KennecoH Mines, KennecoH, Alaska BY WILLIAM C. DOUGLASS nnecott, Alaska, Near Kennecott three two principal sea ports in this here the great creeh:s, National, Bonanza and area and they are about the IGennecott Copper Jumbo, join the glacier from a same distance, 120 air miles Corporation had its modest north-easterly direction. from Kennecott. beginning, is located on the east McCarthy Creek also joins the EARLY EXPEDITIONS­ side of the Kennecott Glacier, at Kennecott Glacier and River at COPPER RIVER DISTRICT an elevation of about 2,200 feet, McCarthy with its headwaters in mplements of copper on the south slope of the the same general area as Nation­ were reported to have Wrangell Mountains. The al, Bonanza and Jumbo Creeks. I been seen in the hands of Kennecott Glacier with a width Nikolai Creek is a tributary to Copper River Indians by early· of about four miles at McCarthy Creek, joining it about Russian explorers and traders Kennecott, runs in a general eight miles above McCarthy. who visited the mouth of the north south direction and heads The Kennecott River flows Copper River long before the about 16 miles to the north in into the Nizina which in tum mineral resources of Alaska were an enormous ice field stretching joins the Chitina about 15 miles considered to be of value. along the east-west summit of southwest of McCarthy. The The first interest in such the Wrangell Range at elevations Chitina then flows west for resources by the U .. S. Govern­ of 13,000 to 16,000 feet. Mt. about 70 miles to join the ment was in 1884 with an Blacl{burn is the highest Copper River at the town of expedition directed by the Army mountain with an elevation of Chitina. Front there the Copper under the command of W. R. 16,140 feet. Four miles below River runs approximately south Abercrombie. Leaving Seattle on Kennecott at the town of for about 130 miles to the Gulf · June 1st, Liepte·n~t;Abercrom­ McCarthy the glacier is receding of Alaska near Cordova. . hie~ wit~,~ do.~t~r·, two other and becomes the head waters of Cordova and Valdez are the officers and a troop of 16 men, the Kennecott River. PAGE 12 WRANGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DEC.~\IRER 2001 landed on June 16th at Nuchek accompanied by Sergeant showing up as high as a content on Hinchenbrook Island. This Robertson and Private Fickett of 60% copper. The copper used was the closest entry for the (Pickett?). Landing at Nuchek by Nikolai and his people for larger ships, and it was also the they added Peter Johnson, a utensils and bullets was found in trading post used by the Copper prospector to their party. the form of nuggets in nearby River Indians. Johnson's partner, John streams. The Copper is a large Bremner, had started up the Concurrent with the temperamental river, glacier-fed river in the preceding year with discovery and activity of the and joined by many glacier-fed a group of the Indians from the Klondike, within a 100-mile tributaries which in the early interior, and Johnson was radius from the Copp~r River summer months cause turbulent extremely anxious to follow and and its tributaries there was a floods ·Carrying large masses of rescue Bremner, who was rush of prospectors to Valdez in ice and boulders. Fifteen miles rumored to be stranded in an the spring of 1898. The same W. above its outlet into the Gulf of Indian village. R. Abercrombie, now a captain, Alaska the river starts to fan out Lieutenant Allen left Nuchek was given another assignment in from its one channel to form an on March 20, 1885, with his Alaska, this time for a military enormous delta having a spread three white companions and reconnaissance of the Valdez­ of fifteen miles where it spills three Indians. They had a rugged Copper River area. During 1898 into the sea. The many channels trip, using canoes to start from and 1899, with adequate through this delta are Alaganik, with their sleds loaded facilities, both men and pack continually changing and the on the canoes, and alternating horses, his troop surveyed. and river is completely unsatisfactory from boating to portaging for established a rnili tary road from for navigation. the first ten miles. The balance Valdez to Copper Center. Notwithstanding the of the trip was nothing but Frank C .. Schrader, Arthur C. warnings of the Indians against hardships under difficult Spencer and Oscar Rohn, an attempt to ascend the river, weather conditions, but on April geologists of the U.S.G.S., were Lieutenant Abercrombie and his 15th they reached Tarel, an attached to the Abercrombie troop made a valiant but futile Indian village just below the expeditions of 1898 and 1899, attempt. In two months' time of mouth of the Chitina River. and they contributed valuable extreme hardship they had only There they found John Bremner information to guide the reached the Childs and Miles in a destitute condition and prospectors. The limestone­ Glaciers, about a 20 mile practically starving with a small greenstone contact that is the advance, and they then faced the group of Indians belonging to dominating structure along dangerous rapids which were the tribe of Chief Nikolai. With a which the Kennecott ore bodies named Abercrombie. A retreat short rest and arrival from the occurred, was noted, studied and was made back to Alaganik, Allen provisions, the Indians described by them as an another Indian village close to guided the expedition to the important geological horizon the westernmost outlet, and main village of Chief Nikolai by a with favorable mineral from there the expedition made four-day trip up the Chitina possi hili ties. a sea voyage by canoes to the River to the mouth of the Nizina As a result of this activity port of Valdez. They had just and then following the Nizina to the importance of Valdez as a sufficient time to reach t}:tere Dan Creek. They found that this year-round seaport entry for and make a quick reconnais- village was considered to be in both Alaska and possibly the· sance before freeze up. the heart of the mineral region, Yukon was widely publicized. A second attempt to ascend and the chief pointed out to Stephen Birch, a young mining the Copper River was made in them the locality of a vein which engineer in New York Cjty, 1885 by Lieutenant Henry T. at that season of the year, April, became interested. He Allen under the direction of the was inaccessible. He also gave convinced some influential War Department. Heeding the them some samples of bornite friends, Mr. and Mrs. Havemeyer, experience o( the Abercrombie (sulphide of copper and iron) that he was serious in a desire to expedition, Lieutenant Allen was' · and they were informed that go to Alaska in search for instructed to reach the mouth of some other samples obtained in minerals, and the Havemeyers the river at least by Ma.-ch, so as . the district had ~cen ~ent to and a few associates agreed to to ascend it on the ice. He was Boston for assaYJ.ng wtth results provide.all expenses and arrange \VR.-\.i'I:GELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVE.\tHER & DECEMBER 2001 PAGE 13 for a proper connection to aid about 6,000 foot elevation. This The claims located by the him. Subsequently, through is the same contact between the stakers covered over a mile in Washington connections, Nikolai greenstone and the length along the limestone­ Stephen Birch landed in Valdez Chi tis tone limestone noted and greenstone contact. The original with a request to Captain reported by the U.S.G.S. Bonanza outcrop was described Abercrombie to attach him to geologists. It can be traced for by Spencer as a true fissure vein his assignment in a civilian about 75 miles in a northwest, which cut across the contact, capacity. The story, from some southeast direction from the though for some distance below of the old timers, is that the Chitistone River to the Kotsina the contact it was barren. The Captain was not too happy about River. mass of the ore was in the this request and that some The Nikolai Mine is close to limestone, from the contact to a further pressure had to be the contact, and all members of height of perhaps 150 feet along forthcoming from Washington the Nikolai group had been in the slope of the hillside, with before young Birch was close touch with the U.S.G.S. widths varying from two to seven accepted. However, from that geologists and their opinions on feet. The ore was practically point on Birch apparently the contact. Smith and Warner pure chalcocite with solid traveled extensively with the were searching for an approach masses exposed from two to four troop and kept in close touch to the western extension of this feet across, 15 feet or more in with the prospecting activities. favorable structure from the length and their depth not DISCOVERY OF THE MINES Kennecott Glacier. They took off apparent. Besides the ore within he Nicolai Mine is to the northeast at Bonanza the fissure there were also located on the creek of Creek, and after following this bedded ore bodies running off Tthe same name, a up to timber line, about 4,000 into the limestone along the tributary to McCarthy Creek. foot elevation, they could not planes of stratification. He The ore occurrence was probably miss seeing the outstanding stated that "the relations of the the one that Chief Nikolai green cliffs of copper which ore are such as to indicate that it was formed as a replacement pointed out to Lieutenant Allen crowned the Bonanza Mine. The of the limestone. sample as it is visible from Dan Creek. It story is told that the prospectors A collecte_d gave over 70 percent of was revealed to Edward Gates by were looking for horse feed at copper and 14 ounces of silver, an Indian named Jack, who was the time and first mistook the besides a trace of gold." able to find it from directions malachite for green grass. furnished by the Chief. It was The discovery was made the One mile to the northwest located in July, 1899, with first part of August, 1900, and it along the contact from the ownership by the Chitina Mining was so rich that Smith and Bonanza, there was a small and Exploration Company, an Warner immediately returned to outcrop of chalcocite which association of nine men headed the Nikolai to bring their nine flared on one of the limestone by R. F. McClellan. friends to see the Bonanza. It beds about 50 feet normally above the contact. This outcrop This group was returning to was than located by the eleven­ was 15 feet long by 12 feet the Nikolai to develop their member partner association, the truck. From it, a narrow vein property in 1900 and at Valdez Chitina Mining and Exploration which broke through the they were joined by two "sour Company. bedding, contained about 18 dough" prospectors, Jack Smith. Arthur Spencer of the inches of chalcoci tc and and Clarence Warner. Smith and U.S.G.S. made an independent malachite. This was the surface \Varner accompanied the Nicolai discovery of the Bonanza shortly expression of the Jumbo Mine crew as far as McCarthy, where after, while mapping the which was the greatest producer they parted from them to follow contact, and his description of of the four mines, the Bonanza, along the east side of the the original outcrop appeared in Jumbo, Erie and Mother Lode, Kennecott Glacier. the Geology and Mineral which were eventually opened up Resources of a Portion of the As one looks up at the in the district. mountains to the northeast from Copper River District Alaska by ACQUISITION OF THE the Kennecott Glacier, a Frank Charles Schrader and BONANZA AND JUMBO MINES well-defined contour line Arthur Coe Spencer, published, · BY STEPHEN BIRCH immediately catches the eye at by the U.S.G.S. in l 901. . PAGE 14 WRANGELl. ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001

tephen Birch was in Valley with retention of M. J. 5,600 feet. Valdez when the Heney as Construction Manager. CONSTRUCTI01V OF 1\1/LL, Smembers of the Chitina The railroad passed over TMI\-HVAY AJVD POWER PLANT Mining and Exploration sloughs, streams and deltas to ilc the railroad .was Company returned there in the Mile 39 on the east side of the nder constructiOn, fall of 1900. .He was apparently Copper River and then recrossed W:quipment for a 400 greatly impressed by their it over a steel bridge at Mile 49. ton mill, a 16,000 foot aerial reports of the. unique outcrop of It then passed between Childs tramway and a power plant, was the Bonanza, and when one of and Miles Glaciers into transported over the trail from the owners needed cash he Abercrombie Canyon along its Valdez by pack horses and bought a 1/11 interest. Stephen course on the west side of the double-ender sleds. In the Fall of Birch was an energetic, Copper with magnificent scenery 1911, the railroad was determined individualist, and for 82 miles to .Chitina. It was completed and shipments of after visiting the property he was necessary to cross the Copper high-grade ore and mill never diverted from his drive to once morejust above its concentrates were started. The obtain complete control of it. junction With the Chitina River. original mill was entirely gravity With the backing of the Here, where the spring ice flows. concentration with Hartz jigs, Havemeyers he succeeded, were terrific, another steel Hancock jigs and Wilfley and paying $25,000 each to the bridge was considered but found Deister tables. other owners. The property then impractible, and the alternative Exploration by tunnels was passed into the ownership of was a pile bridge with started at the Jumbo Prospect Alaska Copper and Coal reconstruction of new bents before the Bonanza came into Company with H. 0. Havemeyer each year after the t1oods took production, and in a few years as President. This company, with their toll. From Chitina the road the Jumbo was proven to have Stephen Birch as manager, followed the west side of the larger and richer reserves than opened up sufficient ore and Chitina River, then the Nizina the Bonanza. A second aerial favorable possibilities to interest and Kennecott Rivers to Mile tramway, about 16,000 feet in a Guggenheim-Morgan 196 at Kennecott. Many length, was constructed from combination. In 1908 the construction problems were the Jumbo to the mill, and this ownership passed to the encountered but they were mine started on actual Kennecott Mines Company, and taken in stride by M. J. Heney, a production about 1913. in 1915 it became the Kennecott great railroad builder. and his I went to Kennecott in April, Copper Corporation with sturdy crew of engineers and 1916. At that time the Bonanza Stephen Birch as President. construction men. and Jumbo Tramways had a A RAILROAD FOR THE MINES Thus the Copper River and capacity of about 450 tons each dez was first picked Northwestern Railway was on a three-shift basis. They were as the best seaport completed in 1911 at a total both running up to maximum utlet for a railroad cost of $23,000,000. Its capacity, as Kennecott was one and the Havemeyers started maintenance required a crew as of the important producers of surveys from there in 1907. large as needed for the mines copper at the start of and Further consideration brought and mill, and to keep the rails throughout World War 1. In out the importance of coal clear in the winter through the 1916, the Bonanza Tramway was deposits at Katalla and the Copper River Flats, the largest handling about 3 7 5 tons per day project was switched to that rotary snow plows in the world of mill ore, averaging 71!2 % port. However, a safe harbor was were required. copper and 25 tons of high not practicable at Katalla and The site for the mill and grade, averaging 50% copper. Cordova was the next choice. In townsite were chosen on the The Jumbo Tramway was hand­ the meantime M. J. Heney, east side of the Kennecott ling a total of 400 tons per day, financed by Boston capital, had Glacier where Bonanza Creek 225 tons of mill ore at 7 ~% started to build from Cordova. joins the glacier. The elevation copper and 1 7 5 tons of high Competition arose but the of this site is 2,200 feet, and it is grade at 70%. Copper produc­ Havemeyers were able to 4 miles by trail to the mines. tion from the two mines was negotiate a deal for the The elevation of the main adit 10,000,000 pounds per month. right-of-way via the Copper River level of the Bonanza Mine is WRANGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOV&.\IBER & DECEMUER 2001 PAGE 15

COMPARISON OF KENNECOTf in fact they never had more than replacement lodes varying from AND BUTTE COPPER four years of proven ore ahead of 3 to 15 feet, but the spreads out PRODUCTION thetn. By 1916, the cream had along the bedding planes or he following been taken from the Bonanza, faults were irregular with widths comparison is but the Jumbo was still going as much as fifty feet. The Tinteresting: strong. The famous Jumbo high greatest widths seemed usually I had left Butte, Montana, to grade stope, probably one of the to occur at the point of go to Kennecott. At that time, richest blocks of ore ever mined, strongest dolomitizatian, and the Anaconda Copper Mining extended from the 3rd to the from these widest points the ore Company had 30 shafts 5th level. It was solid chalcocite usually tapered gradually in the operating in Butte, some of for a stope length of 350 feet, upward continuation. The ore them down to a depth of 4,000 with a width of 40 feet and a bodies had heights, normal from feet. The shafts were equipped height of 40 feet. the bedding, up to 200 feet and with fast, up-to-date hoists of There were 70,000 tons of with the widths of minable ore, hundreds of horsepower each. 70% copper ore mined from this above the high grade, tapering There were 15,000 men block. The high grade also from an average of about 30 feet employed in the Anaconda contained over 20 ounces of to 3 feet, they were prolific Company's Mines. Anaconda was silver per ton, when silver was producers. producing 30,000,000 pounds of fixed at $1.00 per ounce by the EXTENSIVE EXPLORATION copper per month. Kennecott Pittman Act. After all the high DRWES was operating two small mines grade had been recovered, we he Bonanza Ore Body through single compartment mined the mill ore from the continued downward incline shafts. Bonanza Shaft sides and roof, and filled the Tonly to the 700 foot was on a 30 degree incline 600 open stope with about 150,000 (vertical) level. The Jumbo Ore tons of 13% copper ore. Body also bottomed on the 700 feet deep, vertically, driven level. With this restriction of along the bottom of the ore DESCRIPTION OF ORE new ore at depth, it was body, and it changed slopes OCCURRENCE recognized as early as 1917 that several times. The hoisting he ore occurrences of the best chances for additional equipment consisted of a 35 the Bonanza and reserves was from lateral horsepower electric hoist pulling TJumbo Mines, one mile exploration. An aggressive two 1-ton cars coupled together. apart and with outcrops at about program was started in 1917 The cars broke over a knuckle at with a 5,000 foot connecting the same elevation 5,600 to tunnel between the two mines the Main adit and were then 6,000 feet, were unique and on the Bonanza 500 level. The uncoupled and trammed by hand interesting. They both occurred theory of the productivity of the to the tramway bins. Jumbo in fissures which broke through dolomitic beds had not been Shaft was on a 33 degree incline the various beds down to the developed at that time, and part with a dog leg in it, and 700 feet greenstone with very slight of the Bonanza Jumbo crosscut vertical depth. It was equipped evidence of faulting. In a few was above the favorable horizon. with a 50 horsepower hoist and a places there was ore right down (I should explain that the term 1 "crosscut" was applied to 1 /2 ton skip. The total payroll of to the greenstone, but the most the Kennecott Mines, Mill, tunnels at right angles to the favorable horizon proved to be strike of the ore bodies, Surface, Power Plant and staff about 75 feet normally above the although such tunnels were was 550, yet these two small contact. The first fifty foot drifts in relation to the mines were producing thickness above the greenstone bedding.) Even though this 10,000,000 pounds of copper is made up of four members, the Bonanza-Jumbo crosscut was per month, one-third as much as shaley, pyritic, crinkley and dull not in the favorable horizon for the 30 deep mines of the grey limestone, all usually sparse the full length, one new ore body Anaconda Company in Butte, in mineral. Above them the beds was encountered about 500 feet west of the Bonanza Ore Body, Montana. The cost of Kennecott of lively crystalline dolomite copper at that time was 4 3/4 which was eventually connected begin. The dolomitization up with the Mother Lode Mine cents per pound, delivered in increased upward and the big to make the great Bonanza­ New York. masses of chalcocite spread Mother Lode Vein. It eventually The Kennecott Mines did not from the fissure outward into was mined for a slope length of at that time have a large reserve, the bedding. The fissures were 3.300 feet. The Bonanza-Jumbo PAGE 16 WRANGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS ~OVE.\IBF.R & DECI-:!tiBI-:R ::!ODl crosscut was followed by the vertical winze or interior shaft the Bonanza Mine by 1919. and .Jumbo-Erie crosscut, 12,000 was started from the main adit after this deal had b.een teet in length, driven from two with the intention of reaching concluded, the Bonanza and points, the Jumbo 1,500 foot the lower dolomitic beds, which .Mother Lode Mines were level and the main adit of the were productive in the connected by driving a 1,200 Erie Prospect. Careful surface Kennecott Company's Mines. By crosscut. The only ore available mapping, under the direction of 1919, this interior shaft had for shipment from Mother Lode Dr. Alan M. Batemen, consulting reached the 1,000 foot Level, at that time was some milling geologist for Kennecott, had with intermittent, limited ore, about 5% copper, from the located the favorable structure, production from several levels. old dumps. Whllc this was being and this tunnel was kept in the The Mother Lode Company did recovered with slushcrs, dolanitic beds. Three ore bodies not have a mill, so their income crosscutting was underway on were opened by this work. Later, was dependent entirely on high the lowest level, in what we on this same level, another long grade shipments. As a result, the considered the favorable crosscut was eXtended from the operations had not been horizon. In a few months' time, Jumbo to the Mother Lode Mine, profitable and a large invest­ we had developed favorable and thence to the surface at ment had been made by the widths of chalcocite, and the McCarthy Creek. The favorable Shareholders. new Company, the Mother Lode horizon was thus prospected a ACQUISITION OF THE Coalition Mines Company, paid a strike length of over 20,000 feet MOTHER LODE MINE $.10 per share dividend on on this level. here were some very 2,500,000 shares at the end of Mter the two prospectors, severe snowstorms in the second year. Mother Lode Jack Smith and Clarence Tthe area in the spring of became a very profitable mine, Warner, had sold their interest 1919, and destructive snowslidcs and as mentioned above, its ore in the Bonanza-Jumbo Group of followed. The Kennecott Mines body eventually connected up claims to Stephen Birch, they were completely cut off from all with one of the ore bodies which continued to prospect in the communications with the Mill was developed by the Kennecott area. They located Camp for several days, as all Bonanza-Jumbo crosscut to another group to the north of telephone lines were down and make the great Bonanza- Mother the Bonanza, on the opposite the trails could not be used Lode Vein. slope of Bonanza Peak. This was because of continuous slides. The main adit of the Mother about a mile distance in 'plan, Several towers on each tramway Lode was the 1,200 level of the but several miles by trail. They were demolished by the slides, Bonanza. From this level, the called this new prospect the and the cables were carried main Mother Lode three­ Mother Lode Group. The down the mountains as much as compartment incline was outcrop was in the higher beds a mile from the tramway started, and this eventually of limestone about 1,200 feet right-of-way. reached the 2,200 foot Level above the limestone-greenstone The Mother Lode Mine where the Bonanza-Mother Lode contact. A rather persistent suffered serious reverses from Vein finally became non fracture of 1 to 2 feet in width, the slides. Their men lived in the productive. All the Mother Lode with copper stain, and weak tunnels for a couple of days, ore was hoisted through the mineralization of chalcocite and when the slides were booming Bonanza Shaft, weighted and malachite, outcropped for at around the bunkhouse. Their sampled in the main level, and least 200 feet. The Mother Lode tramway and power lines were then transported to the mill over Mine was started on this badly wrecked. New capital was the Bonanza Tramway. showing by the Mother Lode needed for repairing the damage ERIE 1\1/INE Mines Company about 1910 or and for further exploration, and he fourth mine of the 1911. A wagon road up a deal was made with Kennecott. Kennecott Group, the McCarthy Creek, for about 13 Kennecott agreed to advance up TErie, was more or less of miles, and one mile of aerial to a certain sum for exploration an eagles nest in the cliffs above tramway were constructed for work, for which they would the Kennecott Glacier, four transportation of supplies and receive a 51% interest, and they miles north of Kennecott. The ore shipments. would have operating control. A 12,000 foot crosscut, which Several adit tunnels were new three-compartment incline connected it with Jumbo, made driven on the vein, which opened with modern hoisting equipment (continued on page 24) up some commercial ore with had reached the 1,200 Level of widths up to about 5 feet. A \\'Jt.\NGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 PAGE 17 Good news from the Wrangells

BY BONNIE KENYON 90% on a test is an 'A'. In Summary ince the heart .The Pentagon Out of potentially 7 4,280 wrenching incidents of Some 23,000 people were Americans directly targeted by September 11th, I have S the target of a third plane aimed these inept ·cowards, 93% experienced a steady flow of at the Pentagon. The latest survived,or avoided the attacks. compassionate and encouraging count shows that 12.3 lost their That's .a htgh~r survival rate than email from friends, family and lives. That is an amazing 99.5% heart attacks,. breast cancer, WSEN subscribers. First of all, survival rate. In addition, the kidney transplants and liver thank you for. taking the time to plane seems to have come in too transplants-all common, share these uplifting words with low, too early to affect a large survivable illnesses. us. My desk is overflowing with portion of the building. On top The hijacked planes were them today. Deciding which one of that, the section that was hit mostly emptyt the Pentagon was or ones is challenging as they was the first of five sections to hit at its strongest point, the are all so special. I finally choose undergo renovations that would overwhelming majority of people two. The first article is entitled help protect the Pentagon from in the World Trade Center Good News. We all need a terrorist attacks. It had recently buildings escaped, and a handful generous dosage of that, don't completed straightening and of passengers gave the ultimate we? The second choice may be a blast proofing, saving untold sacrifice ~o save even more lives. repeat but, needless to say, a lives. This attack was sadt but a reminder that would serve us Don't fear these terrorists. statistical failure. well to .read daily. The odds are against them. The Planes. The Good News (Submitted by Carolyn Elliott) American Airlines Flight 77. Have A Great Day This information needs to be This Boeing 757 that was flown If God had a refrigerator, passed on to the whole world in into the outside of the Pentagon your picture would be on it. If hopes that it would shine some could have carried up to 289 H~ had a wallet, your photo light for them. people, yet only 64 were aboard.· would be in it. He sends you By now everyone has been Thankfully 78% of the seats were flowers every spring. He sends hearing the death toll rise and empty. you a sunrise every morning. reports of the destruction from American Airlines Flight 11. Whenever you want to talk, He the terrorist attacks on the U.S. This Boeing 767 could have had listens. He can live anywhere in These were deplorable acts that up to 351 people aboard, but the universe, but He chose ... we will never forget. But now is a only carried 92. Thankfully 74% your heart. time to look at the other side of of the seats were unfilled. Face it, friend-He is crazy the numbers coming out of New United Airlines Flight 175. about you! God didn't promise York, Washington and Another Boeing 767 that could days without pain, laughter Pennsylvania. have sat 351 people only had 65 without sorrow, sun without The sad but somewhat people on boatd. Thankfully it rain, but He did promise uplifting side that the main­ was 81% empty. strength for the day, comfort for stream media has not reported United Airlines Flight 93. the tears, and light for the way. yet-the SURVIVAL rates and This Boeing 757 was one of the (Submitted by Diane Ludwig) some positive news about the most uplifting stories yet. The 11 God who gave us life gave attacks. smallest t1ight to be hijacked us liberty. Can the liberties of a The Buildings with 45 people aboard out of a ·nation be thought secure when The World Trade Center­ possible 289 had 84% of its we removed their only firm basis, The twin towers of the World capacity unused. Yet these . a conviction in the minds of Trade Center were places of people stood up to the attackers people that these liberties are a employment for some 50,000 and thwarted a fourth attempted gift from God'?" -Inscription on people. With the missing list of destruction of a national land- a wall of the Jefferson Memorial just over 5,000 people, that mark, saving untold numbers of in Washington, D. C. means that 90% of the people lives in the process. targeted survived the attack. A OUR TOWN November 1926 December BRIEF LOCALS brother Charlle and wife, unharmed. and took a bottle of Ben Jacltaon bought will have charge of the Nov.9 moonshine away from her. the property owned by bus~ness and other affairs BRIEFWCALS She was jailed at during his absence. Anchorage. Bill Johnson on Front St. Jimmie Peterson, The deal was closed Mr. and Mrs. Bill victim of peculiar McCARTHY WOOD SA\V Wednesday. Johnson left on today's accident. Now in hospital. SNYDER BERRY Ben isn't giving out train for Southeastern While loading sheep, WOOD SAWING Alaska, where they expect any information as to his which he had killed the 8 in. To 14 in. future plans. to locate. Although, Bill day before onto his says, he may go baclt to $4.00 PER CORD Dr. Gillispie and packhorse, at the 16 IN. TO 22 IN. family of Kennecott left Sweden. headwaters of the Nizina, $3.50 PER CORD on today's train for the A.R.C.NEWS a few days ago. The States. Their return is The Road Commission animal suddenly came to 24 IN. TO 18 IN. uncertain owing to the crew,.. now engaged in life and with one last $3.00 PER CORD Dr.'s ill health. Dr. cutting out the double effort to avenge itself, let Nov. 13 Barkwell will remain in endcr trail to the Chitina fly with both feet sending BRIEFWCALS charge of the hospital. River, arc taking "Jimmie" to the hospital. Another real estate Arhans and family left advantage of the. splendid ANEW FUR FARM transaction took place on Wednesday's train for weather and are making Harry C. Bosch, 11 Poet the 'fore part of the week, the States, where theywill rapid progress. No snow, Trapper," who some four when Sam Seltenreich make their home. Mr. and very little frost to years ago planted beaver bought the Johnson Arhans was employed for hinder operations. in' three large lakes near building from Ben several years as section The Sourdough Hill the headwaters of the Jackson. foreman on the C. R. N. road is still passable for Lakina River, then later Otto Bloom had his W. Railway. cars. It being the first planted these lakes with foot seriously hurt when a Andy Taylor of time in the history of salmon for the beaver to car run over it, he is mountain climbing fame McCarthy, that the road brouse on, says the under treatment at the returned from the sheep could be used the entire bloomin' fish became Kennecott Hospital. season. Due to the ranges, minus sheep, all ferocious. They chased Nov. 20 owing to the warm efficient work of Mr. the beaver to the hills, BRIEF LOCALS weather meat will not Cameron and crew of the where they are now keep. A.R.C. camped in bear dens. George Flowers of Long Lake was a J. B. O'Neill, left for WHEN YOU HAVENT A WOMAN TRAVELER McCarthy visitor over the Cordova on Wednesday's GUN GOES ON RAMPAGE holidays. He has his trap train where he will be The Roadmaster of the Seward, Nov. 8- Copper River R. R. ran line ready for the winter's joined by Mr~., O:'Neill and Nellie Wallter world's catch. dau~hter Molly'O. They into a big band of sheep capital hiker, created a will leave on the next boat making a crossing from panic on the The Westover was for Seattle on a business one mountain range to Seward-Anchorage train entertained several trip, until after the another, with his speeder, when she treatened with evenings the past week by holidays. This is the first on the ·way from Chitina drawn pistol to "clean out a wolverine, after he had trip outside in several to McCarthy, having no the train." Brakeman gotten away with a ham, years for Mr. O'Neill. His fire arms they got away McKinzie disarmed her hacon and a quarter of

Reprinted from the McCarthy Weekly News, ~ovember & December 1926 issues. beef, it was thought marriage, Wm. S. entertained at a dinner Jazz Orchestra will phiy. A advisable to invest in Klockentger and Hannah party at the home of Mr. good time for all who some traps. Lonsdale, of Kennecott, and Mrs. Louis Widing at come. CHITINA NEWS Ben Jackson and Mrs. Ed Kennecott Saturday On Friday afternoon Oscar Breedman is a ~aindon, witnessing evening of this weelt. Dec. 24, at two o'clock McCarthy visitor today. ceremonY. Mr. Dec. 4 the McCarthy school He will return to his home Klockentger is a mining BRIEF LOCALS children will hold their in Chitina tomorrow and engineer employed by the Xmas entertainment and will leave for the outside Kennecott Mining Corp. Born at Kennecott tree, at the school house. And Mt'ss Lonsdale t's Hospital to Mr. and Mrs. on the Yukon sailing the Everyone should make a 6th. The Chitina Hotel is teaching in the Kennecott James Bean, Wednesday 10 special effort to attend. closed and will be opened schools. The young couple at am, a 11 1/4 lb. A black wolf pup on Mr. Breedman's return kept the marriage a baby boy. arrived this week from in the spring. He plans on secret for several days BRIDGE ACROSS THE Chi tina for Bill Mahar. He enlarging the building before making it public. KENNECOTT RIVER will use him for breeding. then to handle the tourist Their numerous friends Friday, the farmers of trade. were much surprised the valley completed a Dec. 18 Tom Smith has when it became known temporary bridge across BRIEF LOCALS and in order to show their the Kennecott River. Sam Seltenreich will purchased the lunch room and pool hall from Frank appreciation gave them There are several open his new Chile Parlor Johnson. an old fashioned shivaree. farms in this district that on Front Street at 5 Mr. and Mrs. Klockentger will compare with any in o'clock this evening. 0. Ballard has opened are now enjoying the territory, that could There will be a special a restaurant in the h ousekeeping in one of readily supply this section train tonight carrying Bergonzo building. Mr. th C e ompanys cottages. with farm products, if first class mail and Bailard was formerly with the Alaska Road Nov. 27 they could be brought to perishables. It will arrive Commission. BRIEF LOCALS the consumer daily. between 5 and 6 o'clock. James Smith, a Mr. And Mrs. Victor During eight months Capt. Hubrick is Olson of Kennecott, of the year, the farmers having new fixtures Co pper Ce nter trapper, about fifty years of age entertained Mr. and Mrs. must depend upon installed in his building was burned to death when F. J. Iverson, and Mrs. and speeder service, which is a on Second Street. When his cabin was destroyed by Mrs. J. p .. Hubrick to great handicap as well as the work is completed he fire.· No details of the turkey d'inner last expense. will have one of the best disaster are known. Mr. Saturday evening. This is a small matter equipped stores in the Smith was buried at G. C. "Shorty" Gwinn and requires but little territory. Copper Center. had the misfortune to money to build a Owing to Christmas Chitina radio fans are dislocate his shoulder, substantial bridge, and and New Years coming on while help1·n.s load hay. would mean much to the Saturday the News will be enjoying the winter. 6 Everyone is getting Miss Ferris arrived on community in general. issued on Friday. outside stations with very Tuesday's train, she will Other districts have Word has just been little static. take the place of Miss good roads and bridges. received that there will be WNSDALE MacElwan on the nursing Why not here? an Excursion train KLOCKENTGER staff at the Kennecott Dec. 11 tomorrow night. It brings On November 14th at Hospital. BRIEF LOCALS the Kennecott people to the dance and return. McCarthy, United States Mr. and Mrs. Frank Don't forget the big Commission E. E. Iverson and Capt. and XMAS Dance in the Dec.25 Chamberlain united in Mrs. Hubrick were Pioneer Hall. Kennecott

Reprinted from the McCarthy Weeluy News, November & December 1926 issues. PAGE 20 WRA."iGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 Permafrost Preserves Clues to Deadly 1918 Flu This column is prO'Vided as a public service by the Geophysical Institute, Uni'Versity ofAlaska Fairbanks, in cooperation 'With the UAF research community. Ned Rozell is a science writer at the institute. He can be reached by email at [email protected]. He wrote thi~ column in 1998. ighty years ago, a strain villages in 1918. The records unique samples because workers of influenza virus included detailed information on at the pathology institute have Espread across the the dead, including where 'they been s.aving autopsy specimens globe, eventually reaching Brevig were buried. . . · . , · since the Civil War. Mission in Alaska. Five days after Hultin looked at an .Alaska The only drawback to the flu hit the Seward Peninsula, permafrost map and selected Taubenberger's samples, encased 72 of the 80 villagers in Brevig Brevig Mission as a place that in chunks of paraffin the size of a Mission were dead. met the requirements of massive thumbnail, was that they were Through a series of events flu mortality and frozen ground extremely small. He needed more suited to a detective novel, that might have preserved to work with, but he did not researchers made a connection bodies. He flew to Brevig Mission know where to find tissue of between Brevig Mission and the in 1951. With permission from people killed by the 1918 flu flu virus that may help prevent Native elders, Hultin, Geist and until Hultin wrote him. another outbreak of the 1918 flu, two Iowa researchers opened a Using $3,200 from his one of the worst epidemics ever mass grave, marked by two savings account, Hultin traveled experienced. crosses. In the grave, mission­ to Brevig Mission in August The 1918 flu, which infected aries in 1918 buried the bodies 1997. After receiving permission 28 percent of people in the of the 72 people who died of the from the elders, he again opened United States, killed 675,000 flu. the mass grave. At a depth of Americans. More than 20 million Hoping to study the virus to seven feet, he saw what he was people died worldwide, most of see what had made it so deadly, looking for-a well-preserved them young ~.ults. Hultin 's goal was the retrieval of body. The body was that of an Dr. Johan Hultin made it a live flu virus from the lungs of obese woman. Her lungs, which personal mission to find a sample the victims. He removed lung Hultin removed, were well of the 1918 virus he calls "the tissue from four bodies, closed preserved. Hultin said the body's most lethal organism in the the grave, and returned to Iowa. excess fatty tissue had insulated history of man.'' In a lab there, he tried to revive the lungs from decay during brief periods of permafrost thaw. A native of Sweden, Hultin the virus using a number of was studying microbiology at the different methods. Mter he With the sample from the University of Iowa in 1949. failed, Hultin·resigned himself to obese woman, Taubenberger and There, he overheard a virologist perhaps never solving the Hultin are getting closer to say that the clue to understand­ mystery. Hultin 's original goal of ing the 1918 flu might be found Forty-six years passed. In iqentifying the virus, after which in the bodies of victims who were 1997, Hultin, then 72 and living a vaccine oan be produced. buried in permafrost. in San Francisco, read an article Hultin said the outbreak of a Before he returned to in the journal Science written by similar flu is inevitable, and the Sweden, Hultin made a a molecular pathologist, Dr. sample he took from Brevig Mission is important recreational trip up the Alaska J cffery Taubenberger. because Highway in 1949 with his wife. In Taubenberger is chief of the Taubenberger's small specimens Fairbanks, he met Otto Geist, molecular pathology division at were used up. the anthropologist whose work the Armed Forces Institute of "The only sample we now led to the founding of the Pathology in Washington, D.C. have is there because the elders University of Alaska Museum. He and his colleagues developed of Brevig Mission let me go back When Geist heard of Hultin's a method to isolate genetic into the grave again," Hultin interest in the 1918 flu, he material from viruses that he said. "They gave us the introduced Hultin to Lutheran applied to the tissue of two opportunity to do something missionaries who gave Hultin young soldiers who died of the flu good-not just for themselves church records from Alaska · in 1918. He had access to the but for the whole world." WRANGF.J.L ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBI-~R & DECEMBBR 2001 PAm: 21 KennecoH Kid Korner

Jane V. Wilson, 86, of 1974. In retirement, Jane and would want to know. Inger shares Riclunond Beach, died June 24, Darrald enjoyed traveling, her me1nories of .Jane and the 2001 at Evergreen Hospice in camping, hitting, golfing, service Vickery family during their days Kirkland. at their church, a~d ~specially, growing up together in Born April 27, 1915, in life at home. Jane took daily Kennecott. Juneau, Alaska, she grew up in walks along the trail and beach of "Jane was very special to Kennecott, Alaska. At 15, she the nearby county park, visiting me," writes Inger. "She and her moved to Seattle to attend with neighbors she met along the sister, Deb, lived two houses Lincoln. High School and then way. She also treasured the down from me. Debbie passed the University of Washington fellowship she experienced as a away about 2 years ago. Though where she earned a degree in member of St. George's Jane was 4 years older than I was, economics. In 1939 she returned Episcopal Chut~h in Lalte City. she never seemed to be watching to Juneau and met Darrald On April 26, 2001, Darrald over me, but I know now she was, Wilson. They were married in preceded her in death. She is as she did her sister also. She was 1941 and soon returned to survived by her sari and such a kind, lo\-ing child. I Seattle where she worked for a daughter-in-law, David and Marti remember if I'd been at her supply company on the \Vilson; daughter and son-in-law, house after dark, she and Deb waterfront and the U. S. Navy. In Sarah and Paul Turner; daughter, would either walk me half way the early 1950s, she enrolled at Susanne Wilson; grandchildren, home or watch from the porch. Seattle Pacific to complete an Rebecca, Peter, Melissa, Aaron, As she grew, she became a great education degree and in 1954 Tina, and Lindsay; and skier and skater and we all she started teaching first grade great-granddaughter, Maia. admired her so much. Now all at Forest Crest Elementary in the Vickerys I knew are gone. Edmonds School District. Later Her mother taught me piano for Kennecott Kid Inger Ricci she taught at two other primary years. Jane was like her submitted Jane's obituary 6 schools, Edmonds and Olympic, mother." knowing other Kennecott Kids and after 20 years she retired in Governor Knowles: Copper River could be world-class spot Gov. Tony Knowles presented corporations, the environ­ predicts that trekkjng along the his plans in September to push mentalists and the fishermen all glacier-fed river could become forward with construction of a against us." one of Alaska's premier new trail along the upper Copper Knowles said he hopes to . recreation experiences. River. have an environmental study "It could become a Building a hiking and biking completed on the upper river world-class destination trail along the Copper River on trail project by next fall before he experience," Knowles said. "It's an abandoned railroad right-of­ leaves office. He thinks the new big country. You've never seen way from Chi tina to Cordova has proposal will meet with less anything like it." long been a goal of the Knowles opposition because it doesn't The new proposal would use administration. But because the pass through lands owned by an existing unpaved road for the idea consistently has met with Chugach Alaska, a Native first section of the trial, from resistance, Knowles said that he corporation that owns large Chitina to Urantina River. Then a will now pursue only the upper tracts of land around Cordova. new trail would be built from portion of the trail, from Chitina Chugach Alaska opposed the trail there to Cleave Creek, with an to Cleave Creek. from Chitina to Cordova. additional 16-mile long spur "It was united," Knowles If plans go through for the along the Tiekel River to the said. "We had the Native upper river trail, Knowles Richardson Highway. All t.old, the PAGE 22 WRANGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 proposal calls for 42 miles of new use federal funds on the project. (Excerpts from an article by trail, plus improvements to the Public use cabins or larger Elizabeth A1anning and published 17-mile existing dirt road. The hut-style cabins would also likely in the Anchorage Daily News cost: between $20 million and be built along the trail. September 21, 2001) $22 million. The state plans to Book Review - Alone Across the Ardic BY BONNIE KENYON expedition taken in 1923-24 by 'th the annual Norwegian explorer Knud Iditarod Trail Sled Rasmussen and two Inuit W:Dog Race a few companions from Greenland, a months' down the trail, Alaska man name Miteq and a woman Northwest Books is offering a named Anarulunguaq. Together new release to whet our dog the three traveled the entire mushing appetites. length of the North American Alone Across the Arctic: One Arctic coast from east to west by Woman's Epic Journey by Dog dog team, from Repulse Bay, Team tells the gripping story of Canada, to Barrow, Alaska, a author Pam Flowers's solo journey of 2,500 miles. If I 2,500-mile record-breaking trip accomplished the expedition, I across the roof of the world. would be the first female and From intense blizzards, melting first American to mush across pack ice to a terrifying run-in the same route solo." with a mother polar bear, Pam This exciting book contains shares what life and land is like numerous photographs (taken by contains 30 color photographs, 1 in the arctic and the utter joy of Flowers), excerpts from the color map and comes in being truly alone-accompanied author's trip log, vivid softbound for $15.95, hardbound only by moody arctic light, her descriptions of close calls and for $22.95. beloved sled dogs and the sound breathtaking adventure, and even If this book is not available at of jingling harnesses. some tips on arctic travel.. .It's an your favorite bookstore, ·you rnay Pam set out unsponsored inspiring story, and well told. place a phone order at with an eight-dog team on Alone Across the Arctic, 1-800-452-3032. December 2, 1992. She writes: published by Alaska Northwest 11 "I'd decided to retrace an Books, is 120 pages, 7 X 9" r Father of the lditarod: The Joe Redington Story BY BoNNIE KENYON ack in 1971, Joe believed "it couldn't be done," Freedman, sports editor of the Redington, an almost single-handedly raised a Anchorage Daily News, tells the Benergetic man with grit $50,000 purse for the first race, personal, absorbing story of "the and determination, had a wild making believers out of skeptics. Father of the Iditarod." From idea- organize a 1,000-mile sled "I went to the banks and they Redington's birth on the Chis­ dog race from Anchorage to turned me down cold. Some of holm Trail, his boyhood in the Nome. Thus was born the them said, 'Joe, you're crazy, Depression-homeless, mother­ lditarod Trail Sled Dog Race. butting your head against less, roaming the country Jooking Redington and his marathon race something like that. You don't for work as a field band-a young revived interest in sled dogs even know if anybody will get to man given a husky puppy when throughout Alaska and the Nome,'" recalls Redington. "I he arrived in Alaska to start A · Northland, where breeding and said, '\Veil, they used to get new life after World· W nr II to racing had waned with the arrival there. Why can't we get there turning out dynasties of ldi tarod of snow machines. again?'" charnpion sled dogs that changed Redington, who never Veteran Alaska author, Lew the face of Alaska forever. WRANGELL ST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 PAGE 23

Redington lived out the years old. Alaskan lifestyle to the full: Although this isn't a new subsistence living, commercial release-it was published in 1999 fishing, mining, big game guid- -if you haven't yet purchased . ing. He and his dogs worked for Father of the lditarod for yourself , the military. Joe disassembled or your dog mushing friends, this planes that had crashed in the book will make a great Christmas Alaskan wilderness and brought gift. the pieces out by dog sled. He Epicenter Press is the was responsible for getting the publisher. The book is softbound, Iditarod Trail designation as a 352 pages, 75 B&W photos and National Historic Trail. He was the price is $16.95. Check with a the first person, along with Susan .'i?ookstore in your area or call Butcher, to mush dogs to the 1-800-452..3032, Fax summit of Mt. McKinley. He 1-800..355-9685 or Email: raced in the Iditarod at eighty [email protected]

Pledge of Allegiance The late Red Skelton related this story of how purpose; all divided with imaginary boundaries, yet his favorite childhood teacher, Mr. Laswell, helped united to a common purpose, and that's love for his class understand the words to our Pledge of country. Allegiance. It seems that Mr. Laswell was "And to the republic"-a state in which concerned that saying that pledge had become just sovereign power is invested in representatives one more classroom chore, and he wanted to chosen by the people to govern. And government is breathe some life into those words. the people and it's from the people to the leaders, In the words of Red Skelton: not from the leaders to the people. 11 fve been listening to you boys and girls recite "For which it stands, one nation"-one nation, the Pledge of Allegiance all semester," said Mr. meaning "so blessed by God." Laswell, "and it seems as though it is becoming ulndivisible"-incapable of being divided. monotonous to you. May I recite it and try to "With liberty"-which is freedom-the right of explain to you the meaning of each word?" power to live one's own life without threats, fear or '{1"-me, an individual, a committee of one. some sort of retaliation. "Pledge"-dedicate all of my worldly goods to "Andjustice"-the principle or quality of give without self-pity. dealing fairly with others. "Allegiance"-my love and my devotion. "For all"-which means, boys and girls, it's as "To the flag"-our standard, Old Glory, a much your country as it is mine. symbol of freedom. Wherever she waves, there's Since I was a small boy, two states have been respect because your loyalty has given her a dignity added to our country and two words have been that shouts-freedom is everybody's job! added to the Pledge of Allegiance ... "UNDER "Of the United"-that means that we have all GOD." Wouldn't it be a pity if someone said that is come together. a prayer and that would be eliminated from "States of America"-individual communities schools, too? that have united into 48 great states. Forty-eight God Bless America! individual communities with pride and dignity and

"Our c;onteat is not only wheth~r we ourselves shall be -free, 1:7ut whether ~here shall be left to mankind an asylum on earth for c;ivil and religious 111:7erty. "-Samuel Adame

"The law... dlctated by God Himself is, of course, super~or in obligation to any other. It is binding over all the globe. In all countries. and at all times. No human law~. are of any validity if contrary to this. "-Alexander Hamilton PAGE 24 \VRA.o'lGEI.l, ST. ELIAS NEWS i\OVEMBER& DWEMDER 2001

(Continued from page 16) horsepower were operated in one power plant at a producer of the Eric. An incline shaft developed the Mill Camp, using California Oil. Power was the lower levels of the Erie, and a second transmitted over a high tension line to Bonanza Jumbo-Erie crosscut was driven to connect to the and then across the hill to Jumbo. Jumbo 2,400 level. This crosscut did not develop PRODUCTION OF ORE, METALS AND MONEY anynewore. he Kennecott Mines were worked out The capacities of the tramways were increased and abandoned in November, 1938. The to 600 tons each about 1920. Mill capacity was Ttotal tonnage mined at Kennecott was increased to 1,200 tons per day at the same time. 4,626,000 tons containing an average grade of As the Bonanza reserves gradually became about 13% copper. The total production was depleted, the Mother Lode supplemented it for 591,535 tons of copper and about 9,000,000 tonnage over the Bonanza Tramways, and as the ounces of silver. Based on a weighted average of Jumbo became depleted, the Erie supplemented it each year's production applied to the average on the Jumbo Tramway. copper and silver prices for that year, the total IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLURGY value was about $200,000,000 and the net profit ile the first Kennecott Mill was only was about $100,000,000. ravity concentration, an ammonia BIBLIOGRAPHY caching plant was added in 1916. UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL BULLETINS RIVER This plant was designed and the leaching process COPPER DISTRICT U.S.G.S. SPECIAL BULLETIN-"The Geology was perfected by Mr. E. T. Stannard, who later · and Mineral Resources of a Portion of the Copper became President of the Kennecott Copper River District, Alaska" by Frank Charles Schrader Corporation. Mr. Stannard was one of the and Arthur Coe Spencer, 1901. I

In August, Mr. Elliott was feveJishly working to get the bridge completed and installed to meet a deadline for hauling materials for the Kennicott Glacier Lodge, when a large piece of steel that he was cutting fell on him, crushing his pelvis and pinning him down. Fortunately, his helpers were nearby and were able to get a backhoe running and lift the heavy metal off him. He was flown to

(which apparently varies from glQ0-300 per round trip crossing). Later, the dozer was moved and a large backhoe set. next to the end of the bridge, where the bucket could be ·used to block the entrance. Shortly after the first snowfall on October 17, as Elliott and Holt were trying to start the backhoe to allow a customer to cross, the backhoe caught fire and burned for several hours. Toll-gate number 3 is a small pickup truck.

Classified FOR SALFr- Very private 5 acres' alo~g 'Edgerton Hwy between Kenny Lake & Chi tina. Beautiful hay meadows & Aspen trees . .Mtn. View. $39,500 (406)436-2743 Stay at the original "Ia Johnson Hotel"

McCarthy Lodge "Historic Saloon" Now under new ownership. Come in and check us out! 907-554-4402

Scheduled Van Service Tuesday-Sunday Schedule SECURITYJ?IAVIATION Depart Glennallen 7:OOa.m. Depart Chitina 8:30a.m. ~ .. C\Tf1.T\ON *.CONQUEST* NAVAJO* CEss Arrive McCarthy 11:45a.m. +- ctSS~f\ NA 3Jo Depart McCarthy 4:00p.m. (]) Arrive Chi tina 7:OOp.m. Direct Air Service to/from d Arrive Glennallen 8:30p.m. 11; 1:5 Anchorage, McCarthy/Kennicott Rates = 0 Glennallen to McCarthy s o RT same day $99 ~ ~ For your Added Safety - RT different day $105 ~~.:= All Twin Engine Aircraft Oneway$70 § Chitina to McCarthy "B 3600 W. International Airport Rd. RT same day $80 ·· ~ __, .Q Anchorage. AK 99515 RT different day $90 II (907) 248-2677 Oneway$55 Drive-Fly $140/person/RT

Serving Alaska, Canada,& Lower 48 (907)822-5292 In AK 866-582~5292 . . . . Icy roads? Snowing? Getting tired? Stop at the Caribou Hotel!

Warm atmosphere -Hot Tubs --- Satel~ite TV Full Menu Restaurant

.Mile 187 Glenn Hwy 822-3302 Glennallen, AK

Chevron U Service Oil & Gas .RESIDENTIAL e COMMERCIAL I . . . .. II Service sometimes i I e Heating oil I means going more than ! e Gasoline and Diesel Fuel · the extra mile. · uwe appreciate all our · e AvGas and Jet Fuel BUSH CUSTOMERS .. e Chevron Lube Oils and Greases e Fuel Tanks and Accessories For the First Name In Service, Call SERVICE OIL&. GAS PHONE:822-33 75 a.evran Chevron Mile 188.5 Glenn Highway Box 276 ·---- Glennallen, AK 99588 SdedtdedAaS~~~t6 ~ ~~""~' Now you can leave Anchorage at 8:30 on Gutkana/McCarthy $80 Wednesday or Friday morning and arrive in Gulkana at 9:45, McCarthy at 11:00. Or; you can leave McCarthy/Gulkana $80 McCarthy at 11:15 and be back in Anchorage by Gulkana/May Creek $85 2:00pm the same day! (Leaves Gu/kana at 12:45) May Creek/Gutkana $85 This service is year around. Anchorage/Gulkana $160 Gulkana/ Anchorage $160 http:www.ellisair.com Space available only · Baggage allowance 40 lbs. (charge for excess baggage) tax included

RESPONSIBILilY FOR DEPARTURES, ARRIVALS, CONNECTIONS. Ellis Air will not be responsible for damages resulting from the failure of flights to depart or arrive at limes stated in this timetable, nor for errors &«u ~ 7~.u, ?~~e. herein, nor for failure to make connections to other airtines or of this company. Schedules are subject to change without notice. Schedules Phone 822-3368 shown are based on expected flying times. Because weather and other factors may affect operating conditions, departures and arrivals cannot be 800-478-3368 guaranteed. Gulkana Airfield Box 106, Glennallen, AK 99588

Copper River Cash Store Everyday

We handle BUSH ORDERS LOW PRICED ITEMS: wHh SPECIAL CAREl Drive a little & SAVE $$$$ PO Box E Copper Center, AK 99573 Stop by and Check for the Weekly IN-STORE SPECIALS We take VISA Master Charge Copper Rivet Cosh Store ,., 106 0 Mlo99 Alaska Option .".~/. FAX 822-3443 To G1ama1en Hl(I\'Mrf 'b\t*iaz

Downtown Copper Center 822-3266 Store Hours 9 am to 7 pm, Monday - Saturday K.iNN/COTTR.IVEH Lodge una'Hostel COPPER RIVER Welcomes You to Comjorta6/e Accomoclotions w1ih TELECOM Clocier one!Mountain flews $25 per person. WalkMins always welcome. Commercial2-Way Sales & Services Private cabins with Queen Size beds now available. BENDIX/KING Accommodations include: WORLD CLASS RADIOS™ *Bunk or bed with mattress AUTHORIZED # Use of commons area #Use of cooking area with gas grill SALES & SERVICE # Use of coolting pots and pans MOTOROLA RADIO SALES AGENT You will need to bring: # Sleeping bag or blankets . . tal Satellite Syst #Food-dry or canned (non­ perishable) ~~~ d1SR eJ118 *And a Frontier Spirit! http://www.ptialaska.net/- grosswlr ~ORK Kennicott River Lodge and Hostel PO Box 83225, Fairbanks, Alaska 99708 Professional Sales & Service (907)4 79-6822 Winter (907)554-4441 Summer We Service What We Sell! Lodge Location: End of McCarthy Road, 600' before McCarthy, Alaska I Footbridge (907) 822-3669 -Copper Center Turn left by sign, head toward the Kennicott Glacier

luy so111 Pertnanent Fua with your Dividend this ye1r! lfs easier tha" ever to experie"ce the security, convenience and futt of cellular service. 1-800-135-5414 lienuieott-MeCarthy "al,lez Wdderness Guides IBREALTOR• 1~ea1li ''fln the. hea'tt o( the "The Dh-t Merchant" WALTER M. WOOD Cor. EGAN & HAZLET

Lumber, building materials and hardware delivered to the McCarthy area at Anchorage prices!

G·ive us a call or come in and browse our new ACE Hardware store. NEW! Greenhouse and potting supplies!

1-800-4 78-3987 or FAX 822-5209

Mile 115.5 Richardson Highway (Box 49) Glennallen WRANGELL ST. EIAAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 PAGE 31

HOW MANY TIMES HAVE YOU EXPRESSED A DESIRE TO GO BACK IN TIME TO VISIT KENNECOTT AND ITS CRNW RAILWAY SOMETIME DURING ITS HEYDAY? THIS IS THE BOOK WHICH WILL TAKE YOU BACK AND PLACE YOU RIGHT ON THE HISTORIC AND EVEN SACRED GROUND WHERE IT ALL HAPPENED. YOUWILL BE THERE. YOU WILL BE THERE WHEN ONE OF THE GREAT MIKADO STEAM TRAINS ROLLS BY AT CHmNA OR ABERCROMBIE RAPIDS LANDING, AND WHEN THE RAILROAD MAINTENANCE CREW STOPS TO TAKE A LUNCH BREAK AT KOTSINA. YOU WILL TRAVEL INSIDE THE MINE WORKINGS AND VISIT BUILDINGS AT KENNECOTT. MCCARTHY, STRELNA AND CHITINA­ STRUCTURES WHICH ARE LONG GONE. YOU WILL FIND YOURSELF IN PLACES YOU NEVER EVEN DREAMED ONCE EXISTED. You WILL EVEN MEET SOME OF THE GREAT PERSONALITIES OF THE DAY, SUCH AS THE GREAT MAN HIMSELF-STEPHEN BIRCH, AND SOME OF HIS ENGINEERING STAFF, INCLUDING THE WELL-KNOWN BILL DOUGLASS, SUPERINTENDENT AT KENNECOTI DURING THE 1920s. OR EVEN THE GRANO MADAM OF MCCARTHY. THE INFAMOUS KATE KENNEDY. MORE JMPORTANT, YOU WILL MEET THE AHrNA TYONE HIMSELF, THE LEGENDARY CHIEF N/COLAJ AND HIS NEARLY EQUALLY FAMOUS GRANDSON, CAP GOODLATAW. FiNALLYYOU . WJLL UNDERSTAND WHAT THE AHTNA PEOPLE . REALLY EXPERIENCED AND HOWTHEYVIEWED THE RAILROAD AND THE COPPER MINES IT SERVED. No ONE ELSE WOULD HAVE TOLD YOU. YOU WILL EVEN GET TO WITNESS FROM INSIDE THE MESS HALL THE CATACLYSMIC DESTRUCTION OF THE UPPER MOTHER LODE CAMP BY AVALANCHE IN 1927. YOU WON'T FIND IT ANYWHERE ELSE, BUT THIS AUTHOR IS GMNG IT TO YOU HERE. INSTINCTIVELY YOU UNDERSTOOD THAT SOMETHING WAS MISSING. You JUST KNEW THERE WAS A REALLYGREATSTORYCONNECTED WITH ALL THOSE RELICS. WHAT IS ACTUALLY BEHIND THAT ENORMOUS AND CAPTIVATING GHOST TOWN AND THE LONG NARROW RAILBED WHICH LEADS TO THIS REMOTE OUTPOST OF ANOTHER ERA? ENOUGH OF THE HISTORY. THIS IS THE STORY YOU WANTED TO HEAR ALL ALONG. AND NOW IT CAN BE YOURS-WITH THE REAL PHOTOS-LOTS OF THEM. SOME OF BLACK AND WHITE IMAGES MAY BE FAMILIAR, BUT MOST ARE NOT. THE PHOTOS ARE THE PRODUCT OF MANY YEARS OF INTENSE RESEARCH. THIS IS THE GENUINE ARTICLE-AND IT'S AN EPIC ONE. INDEED. BECAUSE IT IS MORE REAL THAN YOU WOULD LIKE TO BELIEVE FOR A NATIVE AMERICAN NOVEL THIS IS AN INDIAN TALE. INDIANS HAVE NO HISTORY. ONLY STORIES. THE TALKJNG STICK HAS NOW BEEN PASSED TO U5-WE, THE SAGHANI UTSUUY-THE RAVEN CLAN OF THE 'ATNA' TUU TS'ITU.' FINALLY, IT IS OUR TURN. RIGHTFULLY SO. THIS INDIAN WRITER WILL NOT LET YOU DOWN. You WILL BE IMMENSELY PLEASED. You WILL NEVER WANT TO LOAN THIS BOOK OUT. IT WILL BE FAR TOO VALUED. 8UT IT WILL MAKE A HIGHLY APPRECIATED GIFT. FOR THE PRICE OF A TANK OF GAS IN A GMC SUBURBAN, YOU WILL ACQUIRE SOMETHING WHICH YOU WILL TREASURE THE REST OF YOUR UFE. THANKS TO RICK & BONNIE, FOR A LIMITED TIME ONLY, YOU CAN PURCHASE THIS BOOK WITHOUT THE EXTRA COST OF SHIPPING AND HANDLING (NORMALLY $9.00). JUST MENTION THIS WSENAD WHEN YOU SEND YOUR CHECK OR MONEY ORDER FOR $50.00 TO: RON SIMPSON/ P.O. BOX 265 /COPPER CENTER, AK 99573, OR GO ON-LINE TO PURCHASE BY CREDIT CARD AT THE LEGACY OF THE CHIEF SITE: WWW.LEGACYOFTHECHIEF.COM, OR WWW.CHIEFNICOLAI.COM. Makes a great Christmas Gift! P.:\GE J2 WRA.'\GELL ST. ELL\S ~E\\'S ~0\"EMBER & DECE.\lBER ~001

BY JoANNE WOOLEVER cheesecloth. Using a funnel, pour Herb 'Vinegar and ail recipes onsidering the holiday the strained vinegar into a adapted from "Gifts of Food" by season is upon us, my sterilized bottle. Add a few sprigs Susan Costner (Grawn C column this edition of the herb or herbs of your Publishers, 1982) will contain several recipes for choice. Seal with cork or lid. Mocha Magic Truffles those that give gifts with a Use within six months. To 12 ounces good-quality semi· "personal touch." I treasure the pr~vent deterioration, store away sweet chocolate presents that my friends from exposure to strong light or 4 Tablespoons unsalted butter, personally make for me. Time is severe cold. Yield: About 1 quart. softened such a valuable commodity these Herb 011 % cup coffee-flavored liqueur or days. None of us seem to ever strong black coffee have enough to accomplish what Olive oil Unsweetened cocoa powder we need or want to do. A 8 to 10 sprigs of 'fresh herbs or Break chocolate into very handcrafted gift contains the herbs dried on their small pieces. Melt in a double "gift" of ourselves which will be stalks (basil, fennel, boiler over barely simmering treasured long after the rosemary, marjoram, water. Transfer to mixing bowl; chocolates are a sweet memory. thyme or tarragon, for example) beat in butter. Add liqueur; Herb VInegar 1 teaspoon whole peppercorns beating all the while to keep 1 small bunch fresh mint 1 bay leaf (optional) mixture creamy and smooth. 1 small bunch fresh parsley You will need enough oil to Chilll to 2 hours until firm. 1 small head fennel (optional) fill whatever bottle or jar you are Roll between palms of hands 2 small white onions, peeled using. It should have a tight­ into l-inch balls. Roll balls in 4 whole cloves fitting lid or cork. (A white wine cocoa, shaking ofi excess. Equally 1 teaspoon whole black bottle with the label removed divide between two pint-size peppercorns works well.) Experiment with freezer bags; remove excess air 1/8 teaspoon coarse salt different types of olive oils, from and seaL Freeze up to six 1 teaspoon granulated sugar extra-virgin to fine, from months. This kitchen-tested 1 teaspoon brandy (optional) different countries. The oils vary recipe makes about 2 dozen 1 quart white vinegar greatly in flavor and color. truffles .. Fresh herb sprigs (any Place herbs, peppercorns and Touch-of Orange Truffles combination of the following: bay leaf in sterilized bottle. Using tarragon, dill, fennel, chervil, 12 ounces good-quality semi· a funnel, pour the oil over the lemon thyme, summer savory, sweet chocolate herbs. Seal with a cork or mrujoram, chive blossoms, lid. 4 Tablespoons unsalted butter, Refrigerate for three weeks; rosemary, basil). softened shalie the bottle occasionally. 1/2 cup orange juice Use fresh herbs, picked just Taste oil. Refrigerate a week or Grated rind of 1 orange before the plants are in full two longer if flavor isn't strong Chopped nuts bloom. Combine mint, parsley enough. Strain out the herbs. Re­ Break chocolate into very and fennel (if using) to make 2 bottle the oil in sterilized bottle. small pieces. Melt in a double cups total. Stud onions with If desired, add a fresh sprig of boiler over barely simmering cloves. Place herb mixture, clove­ herb. Store in refrigerator. Yield: water. Transfer to mixing bowl studded onions, peppercorns, 1 bottle. and beat in butter. Add orange salt, sugar and brandy in ceramic · Note: There is a remote juice and orange rind. Chilli to or stainless steel bowl. possibility that botulinal spores 2 hours until firm. Bring vinegar to a boil, then can germinate in herb oil stored Roll between palms of hands pour it over the mixture in bowl. at room temperature. For this into l-inch balls. Rol1 truffles in Loosely cover and let stand in a reason, it is recommended to cool place for 2 weeks, chopped nuts. Equally divide refrigerate herb oil during the between two freezer bags; Strain the tlavored vinegar flavoring period and for storage. remove excess air and seal. through a colander lined with \VRA..'UiEl.L ST. ELIAS NEWS NO\'E~fllER & DECgMUER 2001 PAGE 33

Freeze up to six months. This Sar·asota Herald Tribune 2 lbs. cream cheese, room ltitchen-testcd recipe ma},es ne-u.. •spaper in. Sarasota, Ji'lorida. temperature about 2 dozen truft1es. This is an excellent finale to 1 1h cups pacl{ed darlt brown White-Chocolate Truffles your Thanl{sgiving dinner. The .. sugar 12 ounces good-quality white following pumpkin checsecal{e 5 eggs chocolate recipe is the best one I've ever 1/4 cup flour 1/J cup heavy whipping cream tried. I prefer mine a little bit 2 teaspoons cinnamon 4 Tablespoons, unsalted butter "spicier" so I double the amount 2 teaspoons allspice 1 ¥2 package (7 ounces) flaked of spices suggested as well as h teaspoon powdered ginger coconut, toasted (see adding a tablespoon of pumpkin I/4 teaspoon salt note) pie spice and a teaspoon of 2 cups (One 16-oz. can or use Break chocolate into very nutmeg and a teaspoon of fresh) pumpltin puree small pieces. Place in mixing ground cloves. Adding a glaze of Preheat oven to 32 5 degrees. bowl. maple syrup and a garnish of In large bowJ, beat cream In a small saucepan, combine pecans really dresses it up for cheese until fluffy and gradually cream and butter. Heat just to your company. beat in brown sugar, 1 Table­ boiling; immediately pour This calorie-laden spoon at a time. Add eggs, one at directly over chocolate pieces. cheesecake can. be: made on the a time. Mix thoroughly after each Beat by machine or by hand until "lighter" side as well. You may addition. Sift in flour and spices. smoothly blended. Chill 1 to 2 use egg substitute, fat-free cream Blend well. Add pumpkin puree hours until firm. cheese and butter substitute (but and mix. Pour batter into prepared springform pan. Roll between palms of hands not the powdered ones). into l-inch balls. Roll balls in Pumpkin Cheesecake- Serves Bake in center of oven 1 "h - coconut. Equally dive between 14-16 1 3/4 hours, or until cake pulls two freezer bags; remove excess For the Crust: away from rims ofp~n,,and inserted toothpick comes out air and seal. Freeze up to six 2 Tablespoons unsalted butter, clean. Remove from oven and months. This kitchen-tested softened cool in pan on a rack 1 hour. recipe makes about 2 dozen 1/J cup gingersnaps, crumbed Refrigerate, covered, until truffles. One 1 springform pan on chilled. Note: To toast coconut, bake Generously butter pan with on baking sheet in 350-degree softened butter. Sprinkle The cheesecake recipe came oven for about 10-15 minutes, gingersnap crumbs into pan and from the "Cookin.g 'With Katie" stirring often, until golden shake in order to coat bottom shaw on KOA AM 85 radio brown. and sides evenly. station in Denver, Colorado. Happy Holidays! The 'Vi~a·r and tnljfte For the Cheesecake: recipes were taken from the

"The story of America vindicates the power of conscience. And the American conscience has borne great fruit for the world. We have stood in a position to terrorize the earth, and instead we have offered the earth its liberty. It is wise for us to remember this now. Of course, in America there remain challenges ofjustice and human dignity for us to overcome. But we are a people who have time and again proven that, though we are of the same mixed nature as all other human beings. given the chance. we will eventually do what's right."-Aian Keyes "War is an ugly thing but not the ugliest of things; the decayed and degraded state of moral and patriotic feelings which thinks that nothing is worth war is much worse. A man who has nothing for which he Is willing to fight, nothing which is more important than his own personal safety, is a miserable creature and has no chance of being free unless made and kept so by the exertions of better men than himeelf."-John Stuart Mill Legal Notice: I, Chris Richards, as of November 6, 2001, am claiming title & mmership of the green military Jeep Mll 5 that has been parked on my property for the past two years. If anyone disputes this claim contact tne by December 7, 2001 at (907)554-4444 or PO Box MXY, Glennallen, AI< 99588. PAGE 34 \Vi~\XGELL ST. l<~LIAS ~E\\"S :;\OVE~IDER & DECEMilEH ::?001 A LQQK AT THE WEATHER BY GEORGE CEBULA ugust 2001 will be remembered for its in Sept. '99). warm and dry days. There were 20 days There was no snow recorded at McCarthy in A:when the high temperature reached 70 September (29.5 in Sept. '00) and the total or above and 60 was the lowest high recorded. precipitation was 2.07 inches. The average for The high temperature for the month was 80 on September (1968-2000) is 2.56 inches and the 13th (7 4 on Aug. 1, '00 and 85 on Aug. 2, '99). compares with the 10.82 inches last year, 2.77 The first freeze was on the 1Oth as the inches in Sept. '99 and 1. 79 inches in Sept. '98. temperature fell to 31; this was only for a short There were 16 days with measurable rainfall time and most of the garden plants were spared. compared with 23 days in Sept. '00. Silver Lake's The temperature fell to 27 on the morning of the total precipitation of 1.49 inches (6.12 inches in 31st and some of the plants were killed. There Sept. '00 and 1.14 inches in Sept. '99). Silver Lake were only 3 days when the low was 32 or below and had 9 days u'ith a trace or more of rainfall. the low temperature for the month was 27 on the The first 23 days of October have been a 31st (28 on Aug. 31, '00 and 26 on Aug. 24, '99). continuation of the cool and cloudy days of late The average monthly temperature at McCarthy was September with much less precipitation. The first 55.0 compared to 51.5 in Aug. '00, 53.8 in Aug. snow arrived on the 17th. When it finally quit the '99 and 49.8 in Aug. '98. Silver Lake had a high morning of the 18th there was a total of 12 inches. temperature of80 on the 14rll (74 on Aug. 14, '00 Total snow cover as of the 23rd was 11 inches. The and 82 on A~. 3, '99). lowest temperature has been 1 degree on the The law temperature at Silver Lake was 30 on morning of the 23rd. Winter should be here to stay the 3151 (31 on A~ 17, '00 and 30 on Au&. 29, anydaynow. '99). The Silver Lake ccverage temperature was 55.0 (52.5 in Aug. '00, 54.9 in Aug. '99 and 50.5 in YOU KNOW YOU'RE FROM ALASKA WHEN: A~. '98). 1. Your idea of a traffic jam is ten cars waiting to The August precipitation at McCarthy was 0.60 pass a motor home. inches compared with 3.29 inches in Aug. '00 and 2. 'Vacation" means going to Anchorage for the 1.47 inches in Aug. '99. There were 10 days with a weel{end. trace or more of rainfall recorded, compared to 19 3. You measure distance in hours. days in Aug. '00. The precipitation at Silver Lake 4. You know people who have hit moose more was lighter with 0.4 7 inches recorded (2. OJ in Aug. than once. '00 and 1.27 in Aug. '99). There were 5 days at 5. Your grandparents drive through a raging snow Silver Lake with a trace or more recorded stonn at 65 miles per hour without flinching. compared to .13 days in Aug. '00. 6. People wear hunting clothes and Carharts to September 2001 will be remembered for the social events. plenty of sunshine and average precipitation. The 7. You install motion detector lights on your house 1 high temperature at McCarthy was 64 on the 3rc , and the moose keep you awake all night activating lOth and 15th (60 on Sept. 15, '00 and 65 on Sept. the lights. 10, '99). The low temperature was 16 on the 30th 8. You carry jumper cables and a tow strap in your (10 on Sept. 30, '00 and 23 on Sept. 5, '99). trucl{ and your wife or girl friend knows how to use There were 9 days with the high 60 or above and them. only 3 days with the low of 20 or lower. 9. Driving in the winter is better because the The average monthly temperature at McCarthy potholes are filled with snow. was 43.9 (41.0 in Sept. '00 and 44.5 in Sept. '99). 10. You think sexy lingerie is tube socks and This was about 10 degrees warmer than the record flannel pajamas. 34.3 of September 1992. Silver Lake had a high of 11. You know all four seasons: almost winter, 1 64 on the llr ' (65 on Sept. 1, '00 ancl 64 on Sept. 1, winter, still winter, and road construction. '99) and a low of 22 on the 30th (15 on Sept·. JO, '00 12. It takes you 3 hours to go to the store for one and 24 on Sept. 27, '99). The Silver Lahe average item even when your in a rush because you have t.o temperature was 4.16 (42.2 in Sept. '00 mul44.5 stop and talk to everyone in town. WRANOELLST. ELIAS NEWS NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2001 PAGE JS FOR YOUR CONSIDERATION Pltlb .rAIIItlul T HAS BEEN 20 years or In later years, the tax~exempt said, "families that want to hike, more that we have been environmeritallobbies rewed up fish, pionic, :swim or ride on I editorializing about the their engines not only to save horses, snowmobiles or p4m1onal need to malte national parks and Alaska from Alaskans but to watercraft are being shut out of refuges available to the people of reduce the opportunities for the land on which they have been America against ever~increasing people to visit and enjoy other recreating for years. Right now, efforts by professional environ­ national parks across· the land. th~ National Park Service is mentalists and the federal Otir broader editorial goal trying to stop recreational bureaucracy to make them was not to argue just for Alaska s fishing in the Dry Tortugas playgrounds only for the elite special biterests but also to National Park in Florida, keep and wealthy. speak on behalf of other the pubUc out of historic sites in Our primary focus years ago Americans who were being Cumberland Is~nd, Ga., and was McKinley National Park, as it denied entry to public lands. keep all cars out of the Grand Quiyon." then was known, and la_ter Denali This js no longer a lonely National Park, as it has since battle. At last, voices of reason It is not a ~boice of "either become. are being heard in Congress or," he said. There were unrelenting expressed most recently in And be's right. There is a efforts back then and there still forceful fashion by Rep. James V. proper balarice between are-to shut the place down, to Hansen, R-Utah, chairman of the environmental protection smd restrict entry, to keep the road House Resources Committee. the rights 'of Joe Sixpack and his narrow and bumpy, to keep The nation is now at the family to enjoy the natural private vehicles out of the park, point, he said, where "we have wonders of America. and to block plans for new hotel lost the proper balance between Parka and wilderness areas rooms. protecting the environment and are not just for the pleasure of No; no, no, was the allowing"_ the American people to Sierra Club executives and never-ending response to any enjoy their own public lands. A highfaluting eco.zealots. They proposal to make Denali more prompt and sharp course are for Americans all. .accessible to more people in correction is ealled f<>,r., (Reprinted.frmn Voice Of The ordinary walks of lif~, from every Amen to that. 7imes, PulJlislledJune 16, 2001) state in the ~o¢·· ':~ · "All across America," Hansen .~t, . ,. .. ' LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 10!02tiTl 11/01/01 WSEN@$~$rbsnd.net. . [email protected] Hi:all, I wasj~t reading Oooktn.g 'With Oarly In your next issue please list all the Lodges in and noticed-she,used Mt cup of. CANOLA OIL in her the McCarthy area. Thank You lemon zucchini bread. This· IS nasty stuff ! Most [email protected] people have been led to believe this is healthy oil, Editors note: tr.v these: so I thought I would send you this info to share with her and your readers. Check out tht.a web site: MoOarthyLod.ge (907)554-4402 htm:/Jwww.rense~com/politics5/dare.litin. .Kenmcott Glacier Lodl1e (907)$54-4477 (winter TroyHvass phone 1-800-582.. 51~8) Kennicott River Lofllle and Hostel (907) 554--4441 [email protected] (winter phone 907-479~6822) Also check our On.Une Visitor's Guide at: httg;//www.mccarthy-kemqcott~com/yg/Semces 50 .. ,

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