Family Scientific name Common name Rank Page Alliaceae Allium howellii var. clokeyi Mt. Pinos onion 1B.3 2 Perideridia pringlei adobe yampah 4.3 3 Apiaceae hoffmannii Hoffmann's sanicle 4.3 4 plummerae ssp. plummerae Plummer's baccharis 4.3 5 Asteraceae Deinandra paniculata paniculate tarplant 4.2 6 Asteraceae glabrata ssp. coulteri Coulter's goldfields 1B.1 7 Asteraceae heterotricha pale-yellow layia 1B.1 8 Asteraceae phaeocarpa dusky-fruited malacothrix 4.3 9 Asteraceae var. saxatilis cliff malacothrix 4.2 10 Asteraceae Pseudognaphalium leucocephalum white rabbit-tobacco 2B.2 11 Asteraceae Senecio aphanactis ragwort 2B.2 12 Asteraceae greatae Greata's aster 1B.3 13 Boraginaceae Amsinckia douglasiana Douglas' fiddleneck 4.2 14 Caulanthus lemmonii Lemmon's jewelflower 1B.2 15 Brassicaceae Lepidium virginicum var. robinsonii Robinson's pepper-grass 4.3 16 Brassicaceae campestris southern jewelflower 1B.3 17 Caprifoliaceae Lonicera subspicata var. subspicata Santa Barbara honeysuckle 1B.2 18 Convolvulaceae Convolvulus simulans small-flowered morning-glory 4.2 19 didymocarpus var. milesianus Miles' milk-vetch 1B.2 20 Fabaceae elatus silky lupine 4.3 21 Fabaceae californica var. argentata silvery false lupine 4.3 22 Fagaceae Quercus dumosa Nuttall's scrub oak 1B.1 23 Grossulariaceae amarum var. hoffmanni Hoffmann's bitter gooseberry 3 24 Hydrophyllaceae Phacelia hubbyi Hubby's phacelia 4.2 25 Juglandaceae Juglans californica Southern black walnut 4.2 26

Juncaceae Juncus acutus ssp. leopoldii southwestern spiny rush 4.2 27

Lamiaceae fragrans fragrant pitcher sage 4.2 28 Lepechinia rossii Ross' pitcher sage 1B.2 29 Lamiaceae hypoleuca ssp. hypoleuca white-veined monardella 1B.3 30 catalinae Catalina mariposa lily 4.2 31 Liliaceae Calochortus clavatus var. clavatus club-haired mariposa lily 4.3 32 Liliaceae Calochortus fimbriatus late-flowered mariposa lily 1B.3 33 Liliaceae Calochortus palmeri var. palmeri Palmer's mariposa lily 1B.2 34 Liliaceae Calochortus plummerae Plummer's mariposa lily 4.2 35 Liliaceae ojaiensis Ojai fritillary 1B.2 36

List of List focal plant rare Liliaceae Lilium humboldtii ssp. ocellatum ocellated Humboldt lily 4.2 37 davidsonii Davidson's bush-mallow 1B.2 38 Malvaceae neomexicana salt spring checkerbloom 2B.2 39 breweri Brewer's calandrinia 4.2 40 Orchidaceae Piperia michaelii Michael's rein orchid 4.2 41 valida ssp. valida Rock Creek broomrape 1B.2 42 Poaceae Imperata brevifolia California satintail 2B.1 43

Mapping Recovery in the Thomas Fire Scar Fire Thomas the in Recovery Mapping ojaiensis Ojai navarretia 1B.1 44 Polemoniaceae Navarretia peninsularis Baja navarretia 1B.2 45 Polygalaceae Polygala cornuta var. fishiae Fish's milkwort 4.3 46 parishii var. abramsii Abrams' 1B.2 47 Polygonaceae polygonoides var. longispina long-spined spineflower 1B.2 48 Polygonaceae elegans elegant wild buckwheat 4.3 49 Polygonaceae Mucronea californica California spineflower 4.2 50 Polygonaceae Sidotheca caryophylloides chickweed oxytheca 4.3 51 inopinum unexpected larkspur 4.3 52 Ranunculaceae Delphinium parryi ssp. purpureum Mt. Pinos larkspur 4.3 53 Ranunculaceae Delphinium umbraculorum umbrella larkspur 1B.3 54 cuneata var. puberula mesa horkelia 1B.1 55 Rubiaceae Galium cliftonsmithii Santa Barbara bedstraw 4.3 56 Ruscaceae Nolina cismontana chaparral nolina 1B.2 57 caespitosa urn-flowered alumroot 4.3 58 Scrophulariaceae Scrophularia atrata black-flowered figwort 1B.2 59 Thelypteridaceae Thelypteris puberula var. sonorensis Sonoran maiden fern 2B.2 60 1

Allium howellii var. clokeyi (1B.3) Flowering Period Mt. Pinos onion ALLIACEAE Perennial Bulbiferous Herb

Stem: (10)+- 20(35) cm, slender. : generally 10-30; pedi- cels 7-15 mm. : perianth parts generally pink to lavender (white); sta- mens exserted 0--2 mm; ovary crests purple. Chromosomes: n=7. Ecology: Common. Grassy slopes, including serpentine; Elevation: 200- 900m. Bioregional Distribution: s SNF, Teh, SnJV, SnFrB, SCoR, WTR. Flowering Time: Mar-Apr

11' Inner perianth parts ± = outer; ovary crests irregularly dentate to deeply cut ..... A. howellii 12. Stem (10)± 20(35) cm, slender; flowers generally 10–30; perianth generally pink to lavender (white); ovary crests purple; flower Mar –Apr; s Sierra Foothills, Tehachapi Mountain Area, San Joaquin Valley, , South Coast Ranges, Western ..... var. howellii 12' Stem 20–60 cm, stout; flowers generally > 50; perianth generally white; ovary crests white or green; flower Apr–Jun; Inner Sout Coast Ranges, n Western Transverse Ranges 13. exserted 0–2 mm; n Western Transverse Ranges ..... var. clokeyi 13' Stamens exserted 2–4 mm; Inner South Coast Ranges ..... var. sanbenitense

Inflorescence Growth Habit

Stout, glaucous stem

2

Perideridia pringlei (4.3) Adobe yampah APIACEAE Perennial herb

Habit: Plant 3.5--7.5 dm; roots tuberous, 2--4-clustered, 1--6 cm. : basal 4--15 cm; basal blade 10--30 cm, +- ovate, 2- pinnate, leaflets 0.5--8 cm, < 1 mm wide, cylindric; cauline leaves 1- pinnate. Inflorescence: peduncle 3--12 cm; bracts 0--5, bristle-like; bractlets 8--12, 2--4 mm, lance-linear to ovate; rays generally 5--7, 2--8 cm, +- equal to unequal, spreading-ascending; pedicels 5--7 mm; 2° um- bels (18)20--25(29)-flowered. Flower: 1-veined; styles 1 mm. : 5--8 mm, oblong; ribs thread-like; oil tubes 3--4 per rib- interval. Ecology: Grassy slopes, serpentine outcrops; Elevation: 300-- 1800 m. Bioregional Distribution: Teh, SCoR, WTR. Flowering

1' Roots tuberous, 2–6-clustered or 1; styles generally 1–2.5 mm 3' Basal generally 1-pinnate with 3–5 pairs of 1° leaflets, or 2–3- pinnately or ternate-pinnately dissected or compound 6' Basal leaves 2–3-pinnately or ternate-pinnately dissected or com- pound 8. Terminal leaf segments unlike lateral in size, form 9. Fruit 4–6 mm; bractlets scarious throughout, 3–9 mm, acuminate ..... P. bolanderi subsp. bolanderi 9' Fruit 5–8 mm; bractlets scarious-margined, 1–4 mm, acute 10' Plant 3.5–7.5 dm; tuberous roots oblong to ovoid, 1–6 cm; leaflets cylindric, < 1 mm wide; oil tubes per rib-interval 3–4 ..... P. pringlei (2) 8' All leaf segments or leaflets similar in size, form 11. Longest rays in fruit 5–9 cm 12' 2° umbels convex distally, generally 20–25-flowered; 1° umbels con- vex distally, rays ± equal to unequal; oil tubes 3–4 per rib-interval ..... P. pringlei (2)

3

Sanicula hoffmannii (1B.2) Hoffman’s blacksnakeroot APIACEAE Perennial forb

Habit: Plant 30--90 cm, stout, taprooted. Leaf: generally compound, pal- mate, +- blue-green; blade 4.5--13.5 cm, triangular, leaflets or deepest lobes 3, obovate, +- cut, margins irregularly serrate, central leaflet gener- ally 4--7 cm, 4--30 mm wide, narrowed to a petiole-like base. Inflorescence: peduncle 1.5--12 cm; bracts 5--7, 3--5 mm, < heads, lanceolate; pedicels 0 or < 1 mm. Flower: bisexual 4--10, staminate 3--5; calyx lobes fused at base, 1--2.3 mm, widely lanceolate, acute; corolla +- green-yellow; styles +- = calyx lobes. Fruit: 3--5 mm, ovate to obovate; prickles stout, curved, poorly developed proximally. : face flat. Ecology: Shrubby coastal hills, pine woodland; Elevation: < 500 m. Bioregional Distribution: CCo (Santa Cruz Co.), SCo, n ChI. Flowering Time: Mar--May 1. Leaves compound, base of main division petiole-like and unwinged 2. Leaves palmate, occasionally palmate-ternate, distal segment of main axis 4–30 mm wide 3. Main leaf divisions generally ± 5, central division generally 2–4 cm; styles 2 × calyx lobes; bracts 1–2 mm; fruit occasionally stalked distal to receptacle; common, widespread ..... S. crassicaulis (2) 3' Main leaf divisions ± 3, central division generally 4–7 cm; styles ± = calyx lobes; bracts 3–5 mm; fruit ± sessile distal to receptacle; uncom- mon, coastal ..... S. hoffmannii (2)

S. crassicaulis

S. Hoffmannii

4

Baccharis plummerae subsp. plummerae –CNPS 4.2 Plummer’s baccharis Asteraceae Perennial subshrub/

Baccharis plummerae Habit: Subshrub or shrub, < 2 m, loosely branched, rounded and bushy, hairy or glandular (at least inflorescence). Stem: erect, simple, slender, wand-like, short- hairy to +- glabrous, sometimes glandular. Leaf: sessile, 1--13 mm wide, densely hairy to +- glabrous, base wedge-shaped, tip obtuse, entire to regularly minutely dentate, teeth closely-spaced, sharp. Inflorescence: heads in compact panicle-like or flat-topped clusters; involucre bell-shaped; phyllaries 2--6 mm, lance-linear, hairy, glandular, tips acute to acuminate. Staminate Flower: 19--26; corolla 4--7 mm; pappus 3.5--4.5 mm. Pistillate Flower: 20--30; corolla 3.5--5 mm. Fruit: 2.5- -3.5 mm, hairy, ribs 5; pappus 7--8.5 mm. subsp. plummerae Stem: hairs fine, curled. Leaf: 20--45 mm, oblong or oblanceolate, minutely den- tate; main veins 3. Ecology: Rocky slopes near beach, sea bluffs, brushy canyons; Elevation: < 1850 m. Bioregional Distribution: CCo, SCoRO, SCo, n ChI, WTR. Flowering Time: Aug--Nov

1. Stem generally short-hairy, at least distally among heads 2. Leaves regularly minutely dentate with closely spaced sharp teeth, oblong or oblanceolate, (3)5–13 mm wide ..... B. plummerae subsp. plummerae

5

Deinandra paniculata –CNPS 4.2 paniculate tarplant Asteraceae Annual herb

Habit: Root generally > 15 cm, distally branched; rootstock buds in life appar- ent. Stem: generally >= 2, (80)100--140(150) cm, glabrous, generally glau- cous. Leaf: generally on proximal 1/5 of stem, glabrous; lobes 3--9, 5--28 mm wide on basal, 3--18 mm wide on cauline. Inflorescence: pedicels 5--25 mm, 6-- 25 mm apart, glabrous; flowers generally > 25. Flower: generally forward- pointing, white to +- blue, lateral 8--12 mm, spur 9--12 mm; lower blades 3-- 5 mm. Fruit: 12--20 mm. Seed: smooth, winged. Ecology: Open conifer forest, rock outcrops; Elevation: 2200--2800 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SNH. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug

1' Annual; paleae in 1 series, between ray and disk flowers 3' Ray flowers (4)8–35; disk flowers 8–70; pappus 0, or of 1–14 scales, or crown- like 8' Anthers ± red to dark purple 12' Disk flowers all or mostly staminate 13' Ray flowers (7)8–13; pappus of 4–14, generally oblong or inear to lance- late scales 0.5–2 mm. 14. Phyllaries unevenly sessile- and stalked-glandular, glands highly variable in size; phyllary body 3–7+ striate; pappus Scales 0.5–1 mm, << 1/2 corol la length ..... D. conjugens 14' Phyllaries ± evenly stalked-glandular, glands generally ± uniform in size; phyllary body not striate; pappus scales 1–2 mm, often >= 1/2 corolla length 15. Disk flowers 8–14(15); ray flowers (7)8(10), rays 3–7.5 mm; phyllaries 5–6 mm, < peduncle – basal leaves sometimes persistent in SCoR ..... D. paniculata

6

Lasthenia glabrata subsp. coulteri –CNPS 1B.1 Coulter’s goldfields Asteraceae Annual

Habit: Annual < 60 cm. Stem: erect, simple or branched, glabrous or slightly hairy. Leaf: 4--15 cm, linear or awl-shaped, entire, gla- brous. Inflorescence: involucre 5--10 mm, hemispheric; phyllaries 10--14, fused > 2/3, glabrous, persistent; receptacle conic, papillate, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Ray Flower: 7--15; corolla yellow in alkali solution; ray 4--14 mm. Disk Flower: many; anther tips ovate or triangular; style tips triangular. Fruit: 2--3.5 mm, club-shaped or obovoid, glabrous or papillate, gray; pappus 0. Note: Subspecies almost identical except . The only Lasthenia sp. known to have been used for food by aboriginal Californians. Fruit: covered with rusty or +- yellow, wart-like papillae. Ecology: Saline places, vernal pools; Elevation: < 1000 m. Bioregional Distribution: NCoRI, s SNF, Teh (1 station), GV, CW, SCo, n ChI (Santa Rosa Island), PR, w DMoj. Flowering Time: Apr--May

1. Phyllaries ± fused 2' Phyllaries fused > 2/3; leaves entire 3' Pappus 0 4' Fruit not strongly flattened, glabrous or face papillate or hairy 5' Fruit glabrous or papillate ..... L. glabrata 6. Fruit papillate ..... subsp. coulteri

7

Layia heterotricha (1B.1) Pale yellow layia ASTERACEAE Annual herb

Habit: Plant 13--90 cm, glandular, - or banana-scented. Stem: not pur- ple-streaked, often stout and hollow. Leaf: < 12 cm, elliptic to ovate, often clasping, proximal leaves entire or minutely dentate to minutely serrate (coarsely toothed). Inflorescence: peduncle 0--7 cm; involucre 6--13+ mm diam, hemispheric; phyllaries 7--12 mm, tip generally < folded base, basal margins overlapping. Ray Flower: 7--13; ray 5--24 mm, white or cream. Disk Flower: 15--90+; corolla 4--7 mm; anthers yellow to +- brown. Fruit: ray fruit generally glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy; disk pappus of (0)14--20 bris- tles or bristle-like scales, readily falling as a unit, 3--6 mm, +- equal, long- plumose proximally, scabrous distally, not adaxially wool- ly. Chromosomes: 2n=16. Ecology: Open clayey or sandy soil, sometimes +- alkaline; Elevation: 200--1800 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SNF, Teh, e&w edges SnJV, SCoR, n WTR. Flowering Time: Apr--Jun

1. Disk pappus 0 2. Plant glandless; paleae subtending ± all disk flowers ..... L. chrysanthe- moides (2) 2' Plant glandular; paleae in 1 involucre-like series between ray and disk flow- ers 3. apple- or banana-scented; basal rosette leaves generally minute- ly dentate to minutely serrate (coarsely toothed); ray corolla white or cream ..... L. heterotricha (2) 3' Plants unscented or not apple- or banana- scented; basal rosette leaves lobed; ray corolla white, yellow, or 2-colored, yellow proximally, distally ± white or pale yellow

8

Malacothrix phaeocarpa –CNPS 4.3 central coast malacothrix Asteraceae Annual

Habit: Plant 3--5 m, branches stout; hairs dense, +- yellow, stellate with < 10 rays. Leaf: blade 5--11(20) cm, round to ovate, sharp-3--5-lobed, hairs few, short- rayed-stellate abaxially, adaxially. Inflorescence: panicle-like; flowers 3--7 per node; leaf-like bracts few; flowering stalks 1 cm; bractlets 0.5 cm. Flower: buds acuminate; calyx to 1 cm, 1/2 as wide; petals 1--2 cm; filament column < pet- als. Fruit: segments 2.5--3.5 mm, ovate, notched, brown. Ecology: Slopes, wash- es; Elevation: 500--700 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SnFrB, SCoRO, SCo, WTR, SnGb. Flowering Time: May--Jul Note: Intergrades with Malacothamnus fascicu- latus.

9' Cauline leaves generally much reduced distally on stem; widespread, gener- ally mainland habitats (, Malacothrix similis also ChI) 16. Ligules of outermost flowers exserted < 5 mm 17. Proximal cauline leaves ± fleshy, lobes in 3–8 pairs, short, ± equal, generally toothed; fruit outer pappus a rounded-toothed crown, bris tles 0 ..... M. phaeocarpa

9

Malacothrix saxatilis var. saxatilis –CNPS 4.2 cliff malacothrix Asteraceae Perennial herb

Habit: Plant from , leafy, glabrous to lightly hairy. Leaf: linear to ovate, entire or obscurely toothed (proximal sometimes lobed), tip obtuse or acute. Inflorescence: +- dense. Ecology: Coastal bluffs, on flats or in crevices; Elevation: < 200 m. Bioregional Distribution: n SCo, sw WTR (Santa Barbara Co.). Flowering Time: Apr--Aug

1. Perennial herb (occasionally flowering first year) 2. Cauline leaves ± fleshy; ligules ± yellow; fruit smooth, outer pappus 0; dunes ..... M. incana 2' Cauline leaves generally not fleshy; ligules white; fruit minutely spiny, outer pappus of irregular teeth ..... M. saxatilis 3. Distal leaves generally 1–2-pinnately lobed 4. Stem densely leafy; distal leaves (ob)ovate, 2-pinnately divid- ed into linear segments ..... var. implicata 4' Stem ± sparsely leafy; distal leaves linear to lanceolate , sharply and narrowly lobed ..... var. tenuifolia 3' Distal leaves generally entire (toothed) 5. Distal leaves generally linear to ovate , tip occasionally ob- tuse; coastal bluffs ..... var. saxatilis

10

Pseudognaphalium leucocephalum (2B.2) White cudweed ASTERACEAE Perennial forb

Habit: Biennial or short-lived perennial herb, scented. Stem: 3--7 dm, densely and persistently white-tomentose, generally with stalked- glandular hairs protruding through long hairs; internodes 1--3(10) mm. Leaf: crowded, 3--7 cm, 1--5(6) mm wide, linear to lance-linear, +- clasping, not decurrent, margin strongly curled under, adaxial face green, densely stalked-glandular, abaxially densely white- tomentose. Inflorescence: rounded or +- flat-topped cluster; involucre 5 --6 mm, widely bell-shaped when pressed; phyllaries in 5--7 series, ob- long to oblong-ovate, bright white, opaque, dull, glabrous. Pistillate Flower: 66--85. Disk Flower: 29--44. Fruit: ridged, smooth. Ecology: Sandy or gravelly benches, dry stream bottoms, can- yon bottoms; Elevation: < 500 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, SnBr,

1. Opposing leaf faces strongly to weakly contrasting in color, adaxial green, not tomentose (except Pseudognaphalium biolettii), sometimes glandular, abaxial generally gray to white, tomentose 2. Leaves crowded, internodes 1–3(10) mm; leaf blade linear to lance- linear, margin strongly rolled under; phyllaries bright white, opaque, dull; fruit ridged, smooth ..... P. leucocephalum

11

Senecio aphanactis (2B.2) California groundsel, chaparral ragwort ASTERACEAE Annual forb Habit: Annual 5--20+ cm, from short, thin taproot. Stem: 1, often branched near base, thin, delicate, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Leaf: +- evenly distributed, sessile, 2--4 cm, 0.5--1 cm wide, oblanceolate to line- ar, narrowed or sometimes weakly clasping at base, pinnately lobed or dentate (+- entire); distal -like. Inflorescence: heads disciform or minutely radiate, 4--10+ in +- open clusters; involucre narrowly urn- shaped, phyllaries 8 or 13, 5--6 mm, tips green; outer phyllaries incon- spicuous. Ray Flower: +- 5; ray 0.5--1+ mm. Disk Flower: 8-- 20. Fruit: 1.7--2.5 mm, densely hairy. Ecology: Alkaline flats, dry open rocky areas; Elevation: 10--550 m. Bioregional Distribution: CW, SCo,

1. Heads discoid, disciform, or minutely radiate, rays (if present) general- ly <= 2 mm, scarcely, if at all exceeding involucre 2. Heads disciform or minutely radiate, pistillate flowers present 3. Pistillate flowers fewer than disk flowers 4. Herbage densely curly-hairy; leaves 1–2-pinnately lobed or divided; disk flowers 40–50 ..... S. sylvaticus 4' Herbage glabrous or sparsely hairy; leaves generally dentate or 1- pinnately lobed; disk flowers 8–30 5. Cauline leaves generally narrowed at base, sometimes weakly clasping; involucre narrowly urn-shaped , finely hairy; CW, SCo, ChI ..... S. aphanactis

12

Symphyotrichum greatae (1B.3) Greata's aster ASTERACEAE Perennial herb (rhizomatous) Habit: Perennial herb; rhizome long. Stem: ascending to erect, 5--12 dm, sparsely hairy. Leaf: basal and cauline (basal generally 0 at flower), 6--15 cm, elliptic to obovate, +- clasping, acute, entire to serrate, hairy. Inflorescence: heads in open cyme-like cluster, generally leafy- bracted; phyllaries generally +- equal, lanceolate to oblong, acute, green, +- pale-margined at base, +- spreading, green zone lanceolate to narrowly el- liptic. Ray Flower: 15--40, corolla 8--15 mm, pale violet. Fruit: hairy. Ecolo- gy: Damp places in canyons; Elevation: 300--2000 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: SnGb (s slope). Flowering Time: Aug--Oct Note: Formerly mis- spelled Aster greatai. 1. Annual, taprooted; ray corolla < 8 mm, generally > disk flowers by 2 mm or less 1' Perennial herb, generally from rhizome or caudex ; ray corolla 6–12 mm, conspicuous 5. Involucre ± glandular – peduncle ± glandular ..... S. campestre 5' Involucre glabrous to ± hairy, not glandular 6. Outer phyllaries obtuse to rounded, < inner ones, ± pale-margined at base, with green area at tip generally < 2.5 × longer than wide; stem generally densely and uniformly strigose , especially below heads 6' Outer phyllaries acute to obtuse, <= inner ones, green throughout, or ± pale-margined at base with green area at tip generally > 2.5 × longer than wide; stem ± glabrous to ± hairy distally or with hairs generally ± in lines 8. Leaves rough-hairy on faces, elliptic to obovate, cauline > basal ; phyllar- ies acute ..... S. greatae 8' Leaves glabrous to ± soft-hairy, generally ± linear to narrowly elliptic (if wider, basal > cauline); phyllaries acute to obtuse

13

Amsinckia douglasiana –CNPS 4.2 Douglas’ fiddleneck Boraginaceae Annual herb

Habit: Stem: slender, branched in +- upper 1/2. Leaf: occasionally +- narrow- spoon-shaped. Flower: calyx lobes unequal in width, 2--4 from fusion below mid- dle, notched at tip, margins coarse-dark-hairy, abaxially fine-red-brown-hairy; corolla 14--22 mm, tube 20-veined near base, limb 10--16 mm diam, yellow- orange with 5 dark spots. Fruit: 3--5 mm, gray, dull, cobblestone-like. Ecology: Unstable shaly sedimentary slopes; Elevation: (100)150--1600 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCoR, w WTR. Flowering Time: Mar-- Jun Note: Heterostylous. 1. Calyx lobes unequal in width, 2–4 from fusion below middle, notched at tip; corolla tube generally 20-veined near base; nutlet generally smooth, cobble- stone-like, or round-tubercled (except Amsinckia spectabilis var. spectabilis) 2' Stem hairy, not glaucous, ± green below; leaf not glaucous; nutlet smooth, cobblestone-like, or tubercled, adaxially without slit-like groove, attachment scar exposed 4' Nutlet 2.5–5 mm, gray to brown; leaf entire ; stem erect to ascending ; inland 5. Corolla 14–22 mm, limb 10–16 mm diam; heterostylous 6. Nutlet gray, dull, cobblestone-like; corolla yellow-orange; SCoR, w WTR ..... A. douglasiana

14

Caulanthus lemmonii (1B.2) Lemmon's jewelflower BRASSICAEAE Annual herb

Habit: Annual, bristly proximally, hairs simple, generally glabrous distal- ly. Stem: 1--8 dm, not inflated, branched distally. Leaf: basal petioled, 1--12 cm, oblanceolate, coarsely dentate, hairs simple; cauline sessile, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, entire or dentate, base lobed to clasp- ing. Inflorescence:elongated; terminal sterile flower cluster pre- sent. Flower: sepals erect to ascending, 6--17 mm, keeled, generally creamy white, tips +- purple or brown; petals 8--20 mm, wavy-margined, white or veins dark purple; stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length, upper or lower fila- ment pairs fused. Fruit: erect to ascending, 5--12 cm, 2.5--3.5 mm wide, cylindric; style 0.2--4 mm, stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes 1--4 mm, opposite valves; ascending to spreading, 3--16 mm. Seed: 52--72, 2--3.5 mm, ovoid; cotyledons entire. Ecology: Grassland, chaparral, scrub; Elevation: 80 --1100 m. Bioregional Distribution: sw SnJV, se SnFrB, e SCoRO, SCo- RI. Flowering Time: Mar--May 10. Fruit flat perpendicular to septum; ± spheric ..... C. californicus 10' Fruit cylindric, flat parallel to septum, or 4-sided; seeds ovoid to oblong 11. Inflorescence with a terminal cluster of sterile flowers; stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length, filaments of upper or lower pairs fused 12. Fruit reflexed (spreading); leaf hairs 2- rayed forked and simple; cotyledons deeply 3-lobed; stigma lobes 0.5 –1.5 mm ..... C. coulteri 12' Fruit erect to ascending; leaf hairs simple; cotyledons entire; stig ma lobes 1–4 mm ..... C. lemmonii 11' Inflorescence without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers; stamens generally 4 long, 2 short, filaments free

15

Lepidium virginicum var. robinsonii –CNPS 4.3 Robinson’s pepper grass Brassicaceae Annual herb

Jepson 1993 says: var. robinsonii Stem generally 1–2 dm; hairs dense, pointed; Leaves: cauline divided or lobed, segments narrow, 1–2 mm wide; Inflorescence: pedicel ± flat, generally ± winged, hairy

16

Streptanthus campestris (1B.3) Southern jewel flower BRASSICACEAE Perennial herb

Habit: Perennial herb, woody caudex 0, glaucous, generally gla- brous. Stem: (2.5)6--15(18) dm, glaucous, simple or few- branched. Leaf: glabrous except margins ciliate, basal generally rosetted, oblanceolate to obovate; mid-cauline sessile, 3.5--11(15) cm, 0.6--1.4 cm wide, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, entire to wavy (dentate), base lobed to clasping; distal reduced. Inflorescence: dense in bud, later open; terminal sterile flower cluster 0. Flower: calyx bell-shaped, sepals 7--10 mm, broadly ovate to oblong, not keeled, purple, tips hairy or not; petals 9--12 mm, 0.5-- 1 mm wide, not crinkled, light purple, proximal halves pale yellow; filaments free, 4 long, 2 short; anthers all fertile, 3--4 mm. Fruit: ascending to spread- ing, 6--14 cm, 2--3.5 mm wide, straight or +- curved, not constricted be- tween seeds; valves glabrous, midvein obscure; stigma 2-lobed; pedicels spreading-ascending, 5--18 mm. Seed: 50--102, 2--3 mm, oblong; wing 0.1-- 0.2 mm wide at tip. Ecology: Open, rocky conifer forest, chaparral, wood- land; Elevation: 900--2300 m. Bioregional Distribution: TR, PR; Distribution Outside California: northern Baja California. Flowering Time: May--Jun

14. Distal leaves ± same size as mid-cauline; petals darker-veined, ± crinkled ..... S. barbatus 14' Distal leaves smaller than mid-cauline; petals not darker-veined, not crinkled 15. Fruit descending, recurved; petal proximal 1/2 yellow- green, blades purple or ± brown ..... S. longisiliquus 15' Fruit spreading to ascending, straight or ± curved; petals generally all white, yellow, purple, or ± brown 16. Stamens 4 long, 2 short; fruit valve midveins obscure at least near tip; petal proximal halves white or pale yellow 17. Sepals pale yellow to white; stigma ± un- lobed; open in bud; stem 2.5–8.6 dm; woody caudex elevated ..... S. bernardinus 17' Sepals purple; stigma 2-lobed; racemes dense in bud; stem (2.5)6 –15(18) dm; woody caudex 0 ..... S. campestris 16' Stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length; fruit valve midveins dis- tinct; petal proximal halves ± purple

17

Lonicera subspicata var. subspicata (1B.2) Santa Barbara honeysuckle CAPRIFOLIACEAE Shrub

Habit: Generally twining or reclining on , 9--24 dm; herbage glabrous to puberulent. Leaf: generally 1--4 cm; blade base round or +- tapered, tip round or obtuse; upper pairs not fused around stem. Inflorescence: spike, long, interrupted, often +- glandular-hairy. Flower: corolla 8--12 mm, strong- ly 2-lipped, pale yellow, often hairy; stamens, stigma exserted. Fruit: +- 8 mm, red or yellow. Var. subspicata: Leaf: narrowly elliptic, 3--4 × longer than wide. Ecology: Chaparral; Elevation: < 1000 m. Bioregional Distribution: s ChI (Santa Catalina Island), WTR. Flowering Time: Apr--May

9. Upper leaf pairs fused around stem; corolla glabrous or not 9' Upper leaf pairs not fused around stem; corolla often hairy ..... L. subspicata 11. Leaf < 2 × longer than wide; n High Sierra Nevada (Butte Co.), Teha chapi Mountain Area, Central Western California, Southwestern Califor nia ..... var. denudata 11' Leaf 3–4 × longer than wide; s Channel Islands (Santa Catalina Is land), Western Transverse Ranges ..... var. subspicata

18

Convolvulus simulans –CNPS 1B.2 small-flowered morning-glory

Convulvulaceae

Habit: Annual, strigose. Stem: tufted, diffusely branched, 10--40 cm. Leaf: entire, generally < 6 cm, oblanceolate, +- sessile, narrowed to base. Inflorescence: peduncles 1-flowered, short, +- sharply nodding in fruit; bracts 3--7 mm, linear or narrowly oblanceolate, 2--5 mm below ca- lyx. Flower: calyx lobes 3--4 mm, oblong-obovate; corolla +- 0.6 cm, bell-shaped, pale-pink or -blue, lobes +- 1/2 tube, +- ascending. Fruit: +- 7 mm. Ecology: Clay substrates, occasionally serpentine, annual grassland, coastal-sage scrub, chaparral; Elevation: 30--875 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SNF, SnJV/ SCoRI, SnFrB, s SCoRO, SCo, ChI, WTR, PR; Flowering Time: Apr--Jun 1. Upper leaves deeply 3–many-lobed, lobes ± linear ..... [C. althaeoides] 1' Upper leaves entire to hastate , lobes wider than linear 2. Leaf hastate, petioled; corolla white, ± pink abaxially, especially at folds ..... C. arvensis 2' Leaf obovate to oblanceolate, ± sessile , narrowed to base; corolla pale-pink or -blue or white with yellow base, blue tips 3. Corolla ± 0.6 cm, pale-pink or -blue ..... C. simulans

19

Astragalus didymocarpus var. milesianus –CNPS 1B.2 Miles’ milkvetch

Fabaceae

Stem: +- erect, 25--45 cm; herbage +- green, sparsely +- stri- gose. Inflorescence: flowers 5--25. Flower: calyx hairs mostly black, lobes 1--2 mm; banner 7.5--10 mm, keel 4.7--6.9 mm, abruptly incurved, tip short, blunt. Ecology: Grassy areas near coast; Elevation: < 400 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: s CCo. Flowering Time: Mar--May Key to Astragalus (Group 1): 1 Annual 2' Banner generally > 3 mm; flowers remaining dense, erect if banner ± 3 mm, otherwise erect, spreading , or reflexed; fruit erect to pendent, general ly > 4 mm, if not then width ± = to or << depth 3 Flower, fruit generally strongly ascending or spreading, in dense, oblong or ± spheric, head-like racemes; fruit 2–4 or >> 4 mm, 1–2-chambered, not or 2- lobed in ×-section 4 Corolla white-lavender to purple; fruit 2–4 mm, 2-chambered, 2-lobed in ×- section ..... A. didymocarpus

Key to A. didymocarpus: 1. Keel 2.4–4.5 mm; s ± 1/2 CA 1' Keel 4.7–7.2 mm; s CCo, s SCoRO, SW (except WTR) 3 Calyx hairs mostly black; keel abruptly curved, tip short, blunt ..... var. milesianus

20

Lupinus elatus –CNPS 4.3 silky lupine Fabaceae Perennial herb

Habit: Perennial herb 5--9 dm, silvery-woolly to -silky. Stem: erect. Leaf: cauline; stipules 5--17 mm; petiole 2--5 cm; leaflets 6--8, 20--80 mm. Inflorescence: 5--40 cm, flowers +- whorled; peduncle 2--8 cm; pedicels 2--4 mm; bract 6--11 mm. Flower: 10--14 mm; calyx upper lip 5--7 mm, notched, lower 6--8 mm, 3- toothed; petals lavender to blue, banner back generally glabrous, spot pale +- yellow, keel glabrous. Fruit: 2--3 cm. Seed: 4--6, 5--6 mm, mottled olive-brown. Ecology: Dry forest; Elevation: 1500--3000 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SNH, TR. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug Note: Like Lupinus adsurgens, Lupinus andersonii; needs study.

1' Perennial herb to shrub 29. Upper keel margin ciliate from claw to middle, glabrous from middle to tip 29' Upper keel margin glabrous or variously ciliate, but not as at 29. 36. Calyx with spur 1–3 mm 36' Calyx with bulge or spur 0–1 mm 38. Banner back generally hairy (best seen in buds) 39. Upper keel margin ± glabrous 40. Stem prostrate to decumbent, generally < 4 dm ..... L. albifrons var. collinus (3) 40' Stem erect, generally > 4 dm 41' Perennial herb 42. Leaf green 43. Petals pale yellow to orange-yellow; CaRH, n&c SNH, GB ..... L. angustiflorus 43' Petals white to purple; n SNH ..... L. apertus 42' Leaf silver- to white-hairy 44. Petals generally yellow; n SNH (Plumas Co.) ..... L. dalesiae 44' Petals cream-yellow to -white, pale yellow, lavender, or blue; s SNH, TR, SNE; 45. Petals lavender to blue; 1500–3000 m; s SNH, TR ..... L. elatus (2) OR 38' Banner back ± glabrous 68. Subshrub or shrub 68' Perennial herb (rarely woody at base) 74. Leaf adaxially glabrous to sparsely hairy, green (except Lupinus elmeri) 74' Leaf adaxially hairy, green-gray to silver 83. Inflorescence generally dense, bracts generally persistent (except Lupinus constancei) 83' Inflorescence ± open, bracts generally ± deciduous (except Lupinus covillei, Lupinus gracilentus) 93. Upper keel margin generally glabrous 94. Plant < 2 dm; flower 4–11 mm; keel ± straight 94' Plant > 2 dm; flower generally > 9 mm; keel generally upcurved 97. Stipules green, some leaf-like; flowers 10–14 mm – SNH ..... L. fulcratus 97' Stipule green to silvery, not leaf-like 98. Petals pale yellow or bright yellow to orange-yellow 98' Petals ± yellow-white to white, ± blue, lavender, violet, purple, or pink 100. Leaves basal and cauline; moist to wet places – KR, NCoRH, CaR ..... L. polyphyllus var. pallidipes (2) 100' Leaves cauline; dry places 101. Banner narrow, wings narrow, not covering keel tip; KR, NCoRH, CaRH, SNH, WTR ..... L. albicaulis 101' Banner wide, wings wide, covering keel tip 102' Leaf dull green- or gray-hairy to silver-silky 104. Plant resprouting below ground, rhizomed; generally valleys ..... L. formosus 104' Plant resprouting above ground, not rhizomed; mtns 106. Petals white (banner spot turning tawny); seeds 7–11 mm – NCoRH (Anthony Peak, Mendocino Co.) ..... L. antoninus 106' Petals not white; seeds 4–6 mm 107. Leaflets widest above middle, appressed-hairy to ± silky; petals pale yellow to lavender or violet; NCoR, SN, SnFrB ..... L. adsurgens (2) 107' Leaflets widest below middle, densely silver-silky; petals lavender to blue; s SNH, TR ..... L. elatus (2)

21

Thermopsis californica var. argentata (4.3) Silvery false lupine Fabaceae Perennial herb (rhizomatous)

Habit: Plant silvery-hairy. Stem: generally 3--5 dm. Leaf: stipules lanceolate to ovate; hairs long, soft, straight, appressed. Inflorescence: bracts < 5 mm wide. Ecology: Chaparral, conifer forest; Elevation: 1200--2200 m. Bioregion- al Distribution: CaR, WTR, MP. Flowering Time: May--Jun

1. Leaflets, pedicels , fruits glabrous to sparsely long-soft-hairy; flower 1–2 per node ..... T. gracilis 1' Leaflets, pedicels, fruits long-soft-hairy; flowers generally 2–5 per node 2. Plant 8–25 dm; stem stout, erect 2' Plant 3–8 dm; stem slender, ascending to erect ..... T. californica 4. Stipules ovate to widely ovate; inflorescence bracts < 15 mm wide; leaflet hairs not appressed ; NCo, NCoR, CW ..... var. californica 4' Stipules lanceolate to ovate; inflorescence bracts < 6 mm wide; leaflet hairs appressed; CaR, WTR, s PR (San Diego Co.), MP 5. Leaflet silvery, hairs straight; CaR, WTR, MP ..... var. argentata 5' Leaflet velvety, hairs ± wavy; s PR (San Diego Co.) ..... var. semota

22

Quercus dumosa (1B.1) Nuttall's scrub oak FAGACEAE Shrub

Habit: Shrub 1--4 m, generally evergreen; twigs slender, 1--1.5 mm diam, sparsely short-hairy, dark red-brown, glabrous in age. Leaf: 1--2.5 cm; peti- ole < 5 mm; blade oblong, elliptic, or +- round, adaxially +- convex or not, +- shiny, green, abaxially fine-tomentose, in age glabrous, dull, pale green, tip obtuse to abruptly pointed, margin +- wavy or not, +- spine- toothed. Fruit: cup 8--15 mm wide, 5--8 mm deep, generally bowl-shaped, scales +- tubercled; nut 10--20 mm, +- slender, generally ovoid, distally acute to obtuse, shell glabrous inside; mature in year 1. Ecology: Generally sandy soils near coast, sandstone, chaparral, coastal-sage scrub; Elevation: < 200 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, PR; Distribution Outside California: Baja California. Flowering Time: Mar-- May Note: Hybridizes with Quercus berberidifolia, Quercus doug- lasii, Quercus engelmannii, Quercus garryana (Quercus ×eplingii C.H. Mull.), Quercus lobata (Quercus ×kinseliae (C.H. Mull.) Nixon & C.H.

28' Acorn cup thick, scales tubercled; leaf adaxially generally green, ± shiny (dull or not in Quercus durata) 31. Leaf adaxially dull, convex, margin often rolled under, obscure ing teeth ..... Q. durata 31' Leaf adaxially ± shiny, flat to ± wavy, not convex, margin generally not rolled under 33. Leaf abaxially with spreading, 2–6-rayed hairs — South Coast, Peninsular Ranges, chaparral or coastal-sage scrub, < 200m..... Q. dumosa 33' Leaf abaxially with appressed, 4–10-rayed hairs

23

Ribes amarum var. hoffmannii (3) Hoffman’s bitter gooseberry GROSSULARIACEAE Shrub

Habit: Plant < 2 m. Stem: nodal spines 3. Leaf: blade 2--4 cm, glandular- hairy. Inflorescence: 1--3-flowered. Flower: hypanthium 5--6 mm, longer than wide; sepals reflexed, 2--4 mm, purple; petals 2 mm, white, margins curled inward; anthers exceeding petals, exceeded by styles, tips mucro- nate. Fruit: 15--20 mm, purple; bristles stiff, glandular and not. Ecology: Chaparral; Elevation: 15--1910 m. Bioregional Distribution: SNF, Teh, SnFrB, SCoRO, SW. Flowering Time: Feb--Apr

1. Nodal spines 0 1' Nodal spines present (sometimes 0 on some shoots) 17. Inflorescence generally > 5-flowered; hypanthium disk- or saucer-shaped; pedi- cel jointed to ovary 17' Inflorescence < 5-flowered; hypanthium cup- to tube-shaped; pedicel not joint- ed to ovary 19. Sepals 4, erect ..... R. speciosum 19' Sepals 5, spreading or reflexed 20. Anthers not exceeding petals 20' Anthers exceeding petals 25. Styles hairy at least at base 25' Styles glabrous at base 29. Petals bright yellow, abaxially deeply concave, tip hooded ..... R. marshallii 29' Petals white to pink, flat or abaxially shallowly concave or margins curled inward, nearly touching or not, tip not hooded 30. Petals flat or abaxially shallowly concave; stem low, spreading ..... R. binomina- tum 30' Petal margins curled inward, nearly touching or not; stem ± erect 31. Anthers oblong , tips blunt or rounded; styles ± not exceeding anthers 31' Anthers lanceolate to ovate , tips acute or mucronate; styles exceeding anthers 33. Leaf blade abaxially glandular 34. Internodal bristles 0; hypanthium longer than wide ..... R. amarum 34' Internodal bristles present; hypanthium generally ± as long as wide var. hoffmannii From Dieter Wilken’s The Rare Plants of Santa Barbara County: “Recognized as different from the typical variety by having "less dense' trichomes on the fruits, in addition to having fruit trichomes of unequal length, some of which exceed 2 mm. Plants bearing such fruits occur along the coastal slopes of the Santa Ynez Mtns, as do plants with fruits typical of var. amarum. Such plants may be de- rived from hybrids with Ribes californicum (fewer and longer trichomes).

24

Phacelia hubbyi (4.2) Hubby’s phacelia BORAGINACEAE Annual herb

Habit: Annual 18--60 cm. Stem: ascending to erect, simple to branched, stiff-hairy, glandular. Leaf: 20--150 mm; blade generally > petiole, ovate to +- oblong, deeply lobed to compound, segments toothed. Inflorescence: axis hairs long, wavy; flowers dense, proximal touching. Flower: calyx lobes 6--8 mm, 9--12 mm in fruit, +- linear, +- gray, shaggy-hairy, glandular, closely covering fruit; corolla 8--12 mm, bell-shaped, lavender, scales fused to filament bases, ovate; stamens 8-- 12 mm, glabrous; style 8--12 mm, cleft 3/4. Fruit: 3--4 mm, +- spheric, wavy-hairy. Seed: 2--4, 1.5--3 mm, pitted. Ecology: Generally open grav- elly or rocky slopes, chaparral, grassland; Elevation: < 1000 m. Bioregional Distribution: n SCo, n ChI (Santa Cruz Island), WTR. Flowering Time: Apr--Jul Group 2: Annual from slender taproot; most cauline leaf blades deeply lobed to compound (some sinuses reaching midrib) 1' Corollas generally deciduous in fruit 8' Seeds 1–6 (1–12 in Phacelia malvifolia) 20' Simple leaves present or not, distally or not, generally toothed to lobed 23' Calyx lobes entire to crenate 24' Calyx lobes generally short- to long-hairy abaxially, margin ciliate but not stiffly so, midrib only raised 26' Calyx lobes ± alike; seeds generally 2–4 28' Stamens, style exserted; stamens 4–15 mm; style 5–15 mm 29. Seed adaxially not clearly ridged and grooved; glandular hairs of in- florescence sparse 30. Calyx lobes ± straight, ± enclosing fruit, in contact with fruit at base and distally ..... P. hubbyi

25

Juglans californica –CNPS 4.2 black walnut Juglandaceae Tree

Habit—Stem: trunk 6--9 m. Leaf: petiole 2--5 cm; leaflets (9)11--15(17), 4--9.5 cm, generally narrow-elliptic to -lance-elliptic (less often lanceolate), +- serrate, rounded to acute, abaxial vein axils glabrous. Fruit: 2--3.5 cm diam, nut shell thick, shallowly grooved. Ecology: Hillsides and canyons; Elevation: 30--900 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCoRO ( where cult), SW (exc ChI, SnBr). Flowering Time: Mar--May

1. Leaflets 5–11, elliptic to oblong-ovate, entire ; nut shell ± thin, wrinkled ..... [J. regia] 1' Leaflets (9)11–21, narrow-elliptic to -triangular or -lanceolate, ± serrate ; nut shell thick, smooth to shallowly grooved. 2. Leaflets generally narrow-elliptic to -lance-elliptic (less often lanceolate), rounded to acute ; abaxial vein axils glabrous ..... J. californica

26

Juncus acutus ssp. leopoldii –CNPS 4.2 southwestern spiny rush Juncaceae Perennial herb

Habit: Perennial herb, cespitose, 50--140 cm; rhizome many- branched. Stem: rigid, hardened, cylindric. Leaf: basal, 40--120 cm, rigid; tip stiff, sharp; sheath appendages firm. Inflorescence: appearing lateral, generally +- open; lowest bract cylindric, resembling stem, <= inflorescence; branches uneven; clusters 2--4-flowered, each subtended by 1 obvious, clasping bract; bractlets 0. Flower: perianth 2--4 mm, margins membranous, sepals thin, obtuse, petals +- rounded; anthers 6, >> filaments, +- red-brown. Fruit: generally >> perianth, +- spheric to elliptic, shiny brown. Seed: irregular, occasionally narrowly winged; appendages <= 0.3 mm. Chromosomes: 2n=48. Ecology: Moist saline places, salt marshes, alkaline seeps; Elevation: generally < 300 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: CCo, SCo, s ChI, WTR, DSon; Fruiting Time: Jun--Aug

1' short; stem cespitose , in dense tufts like bunchgrass 6. Stamens 6 7. Inflorescence < 6 flowers 8. Fruit notched or truncate ; leaf blades 0 or vestigial; moist ground ..... J. drummondii 8' Fruit acute or acuminate ; leaf blades > 2 cm, stem-like; ± dry ground ..... J. parryi 7' Inflorescence > 10 flowers 9. Sheaths bladeless; stem slender, blue-green ..... J. patens 9' Sheaths with blades 5–100 cm, stem-like, tip sharp; stem coarse, dark green 10. Perianth 2–4 mm; fruit >> perianth; fresh sepals rounded or notched with short awn , thin, not stiff; stem smooth, base fibrous ..... J. acutus subsp. leopoldii 10' Perianth 4–6 mm; fruit ± = perianth; fresh sepals spiny, acuminate, thick, firm; stem with 6–11 low wide ridges per side, base not fibrous ..... J. cooperi

27

Lepechinia fragrans –CNPS 4.2 fragrant pitcher sage Lamiaceae Perennial

Habit: Plant generally with long, branched, nonglandular hairs, occasionally with sessile to short-stalked glands. Leaf: lance-deltate to lance-ovate, serrate to en- tire. Flower: pedicel generally 1--4 cm; calyx inflated at base, generally persistent, lobes generally > (<) tube. Fruit: glabrous. Ecology: Chaparral; b: < 1300 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, n ChI, WTR, SnGb. Flowering Time: Mar--Oct

1' Bracts < to << subtended flower, much reduced distally on stem, not over- lapping at inflorescence tip; inflorescence axis straight to curved or bent < 60° relative to stem 2' Pedicel generally 1–4 cm; calyx bell-shaped in fruit; fruit glabrous 3' Calyx lobes generally ± >= tube 4. Calyx hairs dense, generally 0.5–2 mm, lobes generally > (<) tube ..... L. fragrans

28

Lepechinia rossii –CNPS 1B.2 Ross’ pitcher sage Lamiaceae Perennial

Habit: Plant with scattered long, branched, nonglandular hairs and +- dense ses- sile to short-stalked glands. Leaf: 3--13 cm, ovate to deltate-ovate, base truncate to cordate, irregularly and shallowly serrate to dentate. Inflorescence: axis bent 60--90° relative to stem; bracts ascending. Flower: pedicel 1.2--1.3 cm; calyx bell- shaped, short-stalked-glandular, lobes < tube, generally >= 1 with marginal tooth, 0.5--1.5 mm. Fruit: glabrous. Ecology: Chaparral; Elevation: 470--1200 m. Bioregional Distribution: WTR (Liebre, Topatopa mtns). Flowering Time: May--Sep 1. Bracts >> to ± = subtended flower, gradually reduced distally on stem, ± overlapping at inflorescence tip; inflorescence axis abruptly bent 60–90° rela- tive to stem ..... L. rossii

29

Monardella hypoleuca ssp. hypoleuca –CNPS 1B.3 white leaf monardella Lamiaceae Perennial herb

Habit: Matted to tufted, weakly rhizomed, fragrant. Stem: 25--50 cm, glabrous to sparsely hairy. Leaf: 30--50 mm (including petiole, 3--10 mm), 7--19 mm wide, narrowly ovate, +- flat or margins slightly rolled-under, adaxially glabrous or sparsely hairy, abaxially densely white-tomentose, veins promi- nent. Inflorescence: flower clusters 1--several per main stem, 11--35 mm wide; bracts narrowly ovate. Flower: calyx 6--8 mm; corolla pale lavender to lavender. Ecology: Oak woodland, chaparral; Elevation: < 1500 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: s SCoRO, WTR. Flowering Time: May--Oct Note: Intergrades with Monardella villosa subsp. obispoensis in areas of overlap.

23' Branched hairs 0–few on stem 24. Leaf ovate to widely triangular-ovate, base generally truncate ..... M. villosa subsp. franciscana (2) 24' Leaf lance-linear to narrowly ovate, base tapered ..... M. hypoleuca 25. Leaf ± flat or margins weakly rolled-under, 7–19 mm wide, narrowly ovate; adaxial leaf face flat; corolla lavender; s SCoRO, WTR .. ... subsp. hypoleuca

30

Calochortus catalinae–CNPS 4.2 Catalina mariposa lily Liliaceae Perennial herb

Habit— Stem: 20--70 cm, generally branched above, bulblets present. Leaf: basal 10--30 cm, flat, withering; cauline reduced upward. Inflorescence: flowers 1--4, erect; bracts 2--10 cm. Flower: perianth cup-shaped; sepals 20--30 mm, lanceo- late, green, purple-spotted near base; petals 20--50 mm, wedge-shaped, white, tinged lilac, purple-spotted near base, +- glabrous, nectary not depressed, oblong, densely branched-hairy; filaments 8--10 mm, deep purple, anthers 4--5 mm, nar- rowly oblong, obtuse, +- flat, lilac, red. Fruit: 2--5 cm, erect, narrowly oblong, not angled, tip obtuse. Seed: +- flat, light tan, net-like. Ecology: Heavy soil, open grassland or scrub; Elevation: < 700 m. Bioregional Distribution: s CCo, s SCoRO, w SCo, esp ChI, w edge WTR, SnGb, n PR. Flowering Time: Mar--May Note: Threatened by development.

40' Petal white to pink, purple, lavender, or red 43. Petal light to deep lilac, lavender, or variably colored – generally with sparse white hairs near base; not striped, highly patterned ..... C. splendens 43' Petal all or variably white, pink, purple, or red 44. Nectary ± ovate or oblong (occasionally ± round) 45. Anther sagittate – CaRH, SNH, MP, SNE ..... C. leichtlinii 45' Anther not sagittate 46. Fruit narrowly oblong, not angled ..... C. catalinae

31

Calochortus clavatus var. clavatus–CNPS 4.3 club-haired mariposa lily Liliaceae Perennial herb

Habit—Stem: 50--100 cm. Flower: petals 40--50 mm, deep yellow; anthers 8--10 mm, deep purple. Ecology: Generally serpentine; Elevation: < 1300 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SCoRO, n SCoRI, WTR, SnGb. Flowering Time: Apr--Jun

30' Perianth cup-shaped; nectary encircled by club-shaped hairs; stem often zig- zag ..... C. clavatus 32. Petal generally < sepal; nectary deep – n SNF (El Dorado, Amador cos.) ..... var. avius 32' Petal >= ; nectary shallow to ± deep 33. Stem generally < 30 cm, slender, straight 34. Petal 30–40 mm, sparsely hairy; leaves not recurved ; WTR, SnGb ..... var. gracilis 34' Petal 40–50 mm, hairy; leaves strongly recurved; s-c CCo (nw San Luis Obispo Co.) ..... var. recurvifolius 33' Stem generally 50–100 cm, coarse, zigzag 35. Petal deep yellow, hairs very knobby; anther deep purple; s SCoRO, n SCoRI, WTR, SnGb ..... var. clavatus

32

Calochortus fimbriatus (1B.3) Late-flowered mariposa lily Liliaceae Perennial herb (bulb)

Habit: Bulb coat fibrous. Stem: erect, 30--90 cm, slender, generally branched, bulblets 0. Leaf: basal 20--40 cm, withering; cauline reduced up- ward, inrolled. Inflorescence: flowers 1--8, erect. Flower: perianth widely bell-shaped; sepals 20--30 mm, narrowly lanceolate, long-tapered; petals < to << sepals, +- square, pale cream, +- yellow, +- purple, or dark red to red- brown, dark-hairy; nectary +- round, depressed, +- glabrous, +- hidden by dense, long, cream-white to yellow bordering hairs; filaments 12--15 mm, dilated at base, anthers > filaments, oblong, abruptly pointed, white, yellow to red-brown. Fruit: erect, 4--5 cm, linear, angled, tip acuminate. Ecology: Dry, open coastal woodland, chaparral; Elevation: < 900 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCoRO, WTR. Flowering Time: Jul-- Aug Note: Taxonomic limits uncertain; study needed Syn. Calochortus weedi var. vestus 20. Petal ± pink, generally toothed, not ciliate ..... C. plummerae 20' Petal tan, yellow, ± purple to red-brown, generally ± ciliate 21. Petal tip dark-hair-tufted ..... C. obispoensis 21' Petal tip fringed, not hair-tufted 22. Petal margin fringed with 2 rows of hairs; anthers abruptly point ed; Outer South Coast Ranges, Western Transverse Ranges ..... C. fimbriatus 22' Petal margin fringed with 1 row of hairs; anthers rounded; Outer South Coast Ranges, South Coast, Western Transverse Ranges, Penin sular Ranges ..... C. weedii

33

Calochortus palmeri var. palmeri (1B.2) Palmer's mariposa lily LILIACEAE Perennial herb (bulb)

Stem: bulblets present. Inflorescence: bracts alternate. Flower: nectary yel- low-hairy. Ecology: Meadows, vernally moist places in yellow-pine forest, chapar- ral; Elevation: 1200--2200 m. Bioregional Distribution: Teh, s CW, TR, SnJt. Flowering Time: May--Jul 46. Fruit narrowly oblong, not angled ..... C. catalinae 46' Fruit linear, angled 47. Petals generally 40–50 mm; nectary hairs slender; ne Klamath Ranges (near Yreka, Siskiyou Co.) ..... C. monanthus 47' Petals generally 20–30 mm; nectary hairs thick; Tehachapi Mount tain Area, s Central Western California, Transverse Ranges, San Jacinto Mountains ..... C. palmeri 48. Nectary glabrous or purple-hairy; stem bulblets 0; bracts opposite; San Jacinto Mountains ..... var. munzii 48' Nectary yellow-hairy; stem bulblets present; bracts alternate; Tehachapi Mountain Area, s Central Western California, Transverse Ranges, San Jacinto Mountains ..... var. palmeri

34

Calochortus plummerae (4.2) Plummer's mariposa lily LILIACEAE Perennial herb (bulb)

Habit: Bulb coat fibrous. Stem: 30--60 cm, slender, generally branched, bulblets 0. Leaf: basal 20--40 cm, linear, withering; cauline 4--17 cm, narrow- ly long-tapered, reduced upward, upper inrolled. Inflorescence: flowers 2--6, erect; bracts leaf-like. Flower: perianth widely bell-shaped, pale pink to rose drying +- purple; sepals 30--50 mm, lanceolate, long-tapered; petals 30--40 mm, widely wedge-shaped to obovate, margin entire or occasionally fringed to near tip, generally toothed, long-yellow-hairy in wide central band, necta- ry round, +- depressed, +- glabrous, +- hidden by dense, orange bordering hairs; filaments 9--11 mm, dilated at base, anthers 10--14 mm, lance-linear, acute to +- long- pointed, yellow to light tan. Fruit: erect, 4--8 cm, linear, angled. Seed: flat, finely net-like. Ecology: Dry, rocky chaparral, yellow-pine forest; Elevation: < 1700 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, TR, PR. Flowering Time: May--Jul 15' Basal leaf ± withered by flowering 19. Nectary surface ± glabrous but ± hidden by border ing hairs; bulb coat fibrous — s Central Western California, Southwest ern California 20. Petal ± pink, generally toothed, not ciliate ..... C. plummerae 20' Petal tan, yellow, ± purple to red-brown, generally ± ciliate

35

Fritillaria ojaiensis (4.3) Ojai fritillary LILIACEAE Perennial herb (bulb)

Habit: Large bulb scales 3--5, small 1--3. Stem: 4--7 dm. Leaf: in 1--3 whorls of 3--5 below, alternate or opposite above, 4--13 cm, linear to narrowly lan- ceolate. Flower: nodding; perianth parts 1.5--3 cm, widely lanceolate, dull green-yellow below with sparse to dense dark dots, nectary distinct or not, 1/3 perianth, +- diamond-shaped to ovate, paler than rest of perianth; style divided 1/2--2/3. Fruit: winged. Chromosomes: 2n=24. Ecology: Rocky slopes, river basins; Elevation: 300--500 m. Bioregional Dis- tribution: s SCoRO (San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara cos.), WTR (Ventura Co.). Flowering Time: Feb--May Note: sometimes misidenti- fied as Fritillaria ojaiensis.

8. Flowers spreading to ± erect; upper leaves ± 1/3–1/2 lowest leaf; leaves often >= inflorescence ..... F. pinetorum (2) 8' Flowers generally nodding (± spreading); upper leaves generally ± = low- est leaf; leaves generally < inflorescence 9. Perianth purple-brown, mottled yellow or white; leaves 2–3 per node; 1000–3200 m, especially inland mtns ..... F. atropurpurea (2) 9' Perianth dark purple, green-white, green-yellow, or red to ± black; leaves generally >= 3 per node; < 1800 m, especially coastal mtns (notable exceptions including Fritillaria micrantha, Fritillaria east woodiae) 10. Perianth dull green-yellow, dark-spotted; nectary ± diamond- shaped to ovate ..... F. ojaiensis 10' Perianth green-white, pale green or ± green or yellow to red or dark purple to ± black, mottled (especially Fritillaria affins); nectary lanceolate or narrower

36

Lilium humboldtii subsp. ocellatum –CNPS 1B.2 ocellated Humboldt’s lily Liliacee Perennial herb

Habit: Bulb scales often purple at tip, obscurely (1)2--5- segmented. Flower: perianth yellow or light orange, spots margined lighter red (toward tip larger, with wider margins); pollen +- tan or tan-yellow. Ecology: Oak canyons, chaparral, yellow-pine forest; Elevation: < 1800 m. Bioregional Distribution: s CW, SW. Flowering Time: May--Aug

1' Flower pendent (sometimes some nodding); perianth parts reflexed 8' Perianth yellow to red 9. Plant of ± dry places; perianth yellow or orange; bulb erect to as cending 10' Pistil 4.5–7.1 cm; perianth parts generally 5.6–9.5 cm; anthers 11–19 mm; s CaRH, n SNH, s CW, SW ..... L. humboldtii 11. Perianth orange, red spots unmargined; s CaRH, SNH ..... subsp. Humboldtii 11' Perianth yellow or light orange, red spots near tip mar gined with lighter red; s CW, SW ..... subsp. ocellatum

37

Malacothamnus davidsonii –CNPS 1B.2 Davidson’s bush-mallow Malvaceae Perennial herb

Habit: Plant 3--5 m, branches stout; hairs dense, +- yellow, stellate with < 10 rays. Leaf: blade 5--11(20) cm, round to ovate, sharp-3--5-lobed, hairs few, short- rayed-stellate abaxially, adaxially. Inflorescence: panicle-like; flowers 3--7 per node; leaf-like bracts few; flowering stalks 1 cm; bractlets 0.5 cm. Flower: buds acuminate; calyx to 1 cm, 1/2 as wide; petals 1--2 cm; filament column < pet- als. Fruit: segments 2.5--3.5 mm, ovate, notched, brown. Ecology: Slopes, wash- es; Elevation: 500--700 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SnFrB, SCoRO, SCo, WTR, SnGb. Flowering Time: May--Jul Note: Intergrades with Malacothamnus fascicu- latus.

1' Inflorescence spike- or panicle-like 3' Inflorescence panicle-like 9. Hairs ± yellow; stellate hairs with < 10 rays ..... M. davidsonii

38

Sidalcea neomexicana (2B.2) Mountain sidalcea, Salt spring checkerbloom MALVACEAE Perennial herb

Habit: Perennial herb 2--5(9) dm, from clustered, fleshy roots or generally fleshy tap- root, rhizomes 0. Stem: 1--several, below bristly- to stellate-hairy (glabrous), above generally stellate-hairy. Leaf: blade 2--5(8) cm wide, fleshy, hairs appressed; basal crenate to shallowly 5(7)-lobed, upper 5-lobed. Inflorescence: open, branched or not, many-flowered, glabrous to sparsely hairy; flower stalk > calyx; bractlets fused at base. Flower: calyx generally 5--8 mm, with few small stellate and longer hairs on swollen pads, lobes acuminate, veins +- prominent; petals 6--18 mm, pale pink-rose, with paler (white) veins. Fruit: segment +- 2(3) mm, sides smooth to weakly net- veined, +- glabrous, beak 0.5--0.8 mm. Ecology: Alkaline springs, marsh- es; Elevation: generally < 1500 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, WTR (extirpated?), SnGb, SnBr, PR, sw DMoj; Flowering Time: Apr--Jun Note: Variable; below sp. level needs study. Occasionally like Sidalcea sparsifolia.

1. Annual (weak perennial herb); generally flower in spring (occasionally later) 1' Perennial herb; generally flower in late spring, summer 7. Fruit segment beak 0; bractlets (0)1–3; leaves generally all along stem early to late in season, lobed (unlobed) 7' Fruit segment beak 1, occasionally minute; bractlets 0; leaves only basal or on lower stem at least early in season (or not), occasionally rosette-like, basal generally not lobed, leaves above generally deeply lobed (shallowly lobed or unlobed) 15. Plant generally (1)1.5–2(2.5) m; rhizomes <= (0.5)1 cm diam, bristly; stem base hollow, bristly ..... S. gigantea 15' Plant generally < or << 1(1.8) m; rhizomes 0 or generally < to << 1 cm diam; stem base solid (hollow), occasionally bristly 16. Inflorescence dense, not 1-sided; calyces densely overlapped in flower, occa- sionally in fruit 16' Inflorescence ± open, occasionally 1-sided; calyces generally not densely over- lapped except in bud 27. Fruit segment generally glabrous, outer edges narrowly winged above; stem erect, glabrous above; inflorescence generally 30–40 cm ..... S. robusta 27' Fruit segment glabrous or puberulent, outer edges not winged; stem erect, decum- bent, or ascending, hairy to glabrous above; inflorescence generally < to << 40 cm 28. Fruit segment smooth, not net-veined or pitted, glabrous; inflorescence generally > 15-flowered 28' Fruit segment generally finely or coarsely net-veined or pitted, glandular-puberulent or glabrous; inflorescence < 15-flowered or not 30. Roots fleshy; rhizome 0, caudex 0; stems generally many; plants of alkaline flats, seeps 31. Leaves generally basal, glaucous, generally deeply 7-lobed, lobes linear; calyx stellate-puberulent; SNE (Inyo Co.) ..... S. covillei 31' Leaves basal, cauline, not glaucous, crenate to shallowly 5(7)-lobed, lobes wider than linear; calyx stellate-puberulent and with swollen- based bristles; SW, sw DMoj ..... S. neomexicana 30' Roots not fleshy; rhizome 0 or present, caudex 0 or present; stems many or not; plants generally not of alkaline flats, seeps

39

Calandrinia breweri–CNPS 4.2 Brewer’s calandrinia Montiaceae Annual herb

Habit: Annual. Leaf: 2--8 cm, +- ovate to spoon-shaped, glabrous to +- cili- ate. Inflorescence: , elongate; pedicel 6--20 cm, generally curved in fruit. Flower: sepals 4--6 mm, glabrous to +- ciliate; petals generally 5, 3--5 mm, dull pink-purple; stamens 3--6. Seed: 10--15, 1--2 mm wide, +- elliptic. Ecology: Sandy to loamy soil, disturbed sites, burns; Elevation: < 1200 m. Bioregional Distribution: NCoR, c SNF, c&s SNH, CCo, SnFrB, SCoRO, SCo, n ChI, TR, PR; Flowering Time: Feb--May

1. Fruit generally > calyx by 3+ mm; seed finely tubercled

40

Piperia michaelii (4.3) Michael's piperia, Michael's rein orchid ORCHIDACEAE Perennial herb

Habit: Plant 9--70 cm. Leaf: basal 7--30 cm, 10--40(65) mm wide. Inflorescence: 15--30 cm, 10--30 mm wide, +- dense. Flower: fragrance strong, pleasant; perianth green to yellow- green; upper sepal ascending, lower spreading; lateral petals +- ascend- ing, +- concave, lip 1.7--6 mm, deltate-ovate, spur 8--12 mm, +- curved, generally pointed down. Ecology: Generally dry sites, coastal scrub, woodland, mixed-evergreen or closed-cone-pine forest; Elevation: < 700 m. Bioregional Distribution: NCo, SNF, CCo, SnFrB, n SCo, n ChI (Santa Cruz Island), WTR. Flowering Time: Apr--Aug

1. Spur 6–18 mm (2.5–9 mm in Piperia cooperi, keyed only under 1') 2. Spur ± straight, perpendicular to inflorescence axis; upper sepal point- ed forward; stem generally < 3 mm diam ..... P. transversa 2' Spur ± curved, parallel to inflorescence axis; upper sepal ascending to erect to curved back; stem generally > 3 mm diam 3. Sepals white with dark green midvein ..... P. elegans subsp. elegans 3' Perianth green to yellow-green 4. Lip deltate-ovate; lower sepals spreading ..... P. michaelii

41

Orobanche valida ssp. valida (1B.2) Rock Creek broomrape OROBANCHACEAE Perennial herb (parasitic)

SYN: Aphyllon validum ssp. validum Habit: Plant 10--35 cm; glandular-hair stalks +- 0.1 mm, generally 2- celled. Stem: generally stout, not enlarged at base. Flower: corolla 12--14 mm, sparsely hairy outside at sinuses, hairs +- 0.1 mm; folds of lower throat glabrous; filament base and anther glabrous. Chromosomes: 2n=48. Ecology: Decomposed granite, on fremontii; Elevation: 1250--2000 m. Bioregional Distribution: c WTR (Topatopa Mtns), SnGb. Flowering Time: May--Sep

5. Inflorescence and flowers ± yellow to dark purple (may be ± red in Orobanche pino- rum); calyx generally 5–12 mm 6. Calyx divided nearly to base on lower side; hairs of inflorescence and corolla papillate, not glandular; on Adenostoma ..... A. tuberosum 6' Calyx divided ± equally; most hairs of inflorescence and corolla glandular, not papillate; on various genera 7. Corolla with ring of hairs at base of filaments; root attachment rounded, coral-like; on Holodiscus ..... A. pinorum 7' Corolla lacking ring of hairs; root attachment branched (rarely rounded, coral-like in Orobanche cooperi) 8. Inflorescence 4–5 cm wide; corolla 18–32 mm, lips 5–10 mm; on Asteraceae ..... A. cooperi 8' Inflorescence 2–3 cm wide; corolla 12–18 mm, lips 3–5 mm; on Garrya ..... A. validum 9. Corolla 14–18 mm, hairy outside, densely so at sinuses, hairs 0.4–0.7 mm; filament base and anther hairy ..... subsp. howellii 9' Corolla 12–14 mm, puberulent outside, sparsely so to glabrous at sinus- es, hairs ± 0.1 mm; filament base and anther glabrous ..... subsp. validum 5' Inflorescence and flowers generally buff to ± pink, corolla lips white to pink or lavender, occasionally with darker veins

42

Imperata brevifolia (4.3) California satintail POACEAE Perennial grass

Habit: Rhizomes hard, scaly. Stem: 0.7--1.5 m. Leaf: ligule densely ciliate; blade 15--50 cm, 4--15 mm wide, narrow at collar. Inflorescence: 1--3 dm, plume-like, densely white-silky-hairy, appearing speckled from adherent brown anthers, stigmas; hairs 8--15 mm. Spikelet: 3--4 mm, silky hairs at base, lower lemmas > upper lemmas. Chromosomes: 2n=20. Ecology: Wet springs, meadows, streambanks, floodplains; Elevation: < 500 m. Bioregional Distribution: NCoRO, CaRF, s SNF, SnJV, SCo, TR, D; Distribution Outside California:to , , Mexico. Flowering Time: Sep--May Unabridged Note: Imperata brevifolia has been re- moved from the CDFA Noxious Weed list. Only one species in in CA.

Imperata: Habit: Perennial herb, rhizomed. Stem: erect. Leaf: cauline; ligule membra- nous; blade flat, linear to lanceolate. Inflorescence: panicle-like, +- cylindric; branches short, many, raceme-like, appressed, densely silky. Spikelet: in pairs, similar, unequally stalked, breaking below glumes, glumes equal to subequal, membranous, florets 2, lower vestigial, upper bisexual, lemma reduced or 0, awn 0, palea vestigial, stamens 1--2, style exserted, stigmas plumose. Fruit: ovate.

43

Navarretia ojaiensis –CNPS 1B.1 Califormia spineflower Polemoniaceae Annual herb

Habit: Plant 1° axes generally several. Stem: 4--33 cm, branches spreading to ascending. Leaf: 2-pinnate-lobed, lower axis, lobes linear, tip linear to enlarged- lanceolate, many-toothed; glandular-hairy; cotyledons 2--3, deeply lobed. Inflorescence: bracts, calyces glandular hairy at middle; outer bracts 1.5-- 2 × head; inner bracts shorter, base clasping, tip narrow, toothed. Flower: calyx lobes strap-shaped, entire or longest toothed; corolla 6--11 mm, > calyx, white with purple spot at lobe bases, glandular abaxially, lobes 1.4--2.2 mm, acuminate, +- mucronate; stamens attached at +- 1 level in throat, exserted; style exserted, stigmas 2, minute. Fruit: chamber 1; valves 4, dehiscing in lower 1/2. Ecology: Clay soils; Elevation: 300--1000 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: WTR. Flowering Time: May--Jul

1' Plant prickly, at least when dry; flowers several to many in heads; calyx lobes generally unequal 7. Calyx lobes strap-shaped, wider at base than membranes; bract tip lobes 7–many; fruit dehiscing base upward, not to tip 8. Axis of upper leaves, often bracts expanded above middle; cotyle dons 2–3, deeply 2-lobed 9. Corolla lobes white to cream, base purple-spotted 10. Plant erect ; corolla lobes rounded-acute; stamens, style included ..... N. gowenii 10' Plant spreading; corolla lobes acuminate; stamens, style exserted ..... N. ojaiensis

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Navarretia peninsularis (1B.2) Baja navarretia POLEMONIACEAE Annual herb

Habit: Plant generally as wide as high, 1° axes 1--several. Stem: 3--25 cm, branches along stem, ascending; glandular-hairy. Leaf: 1--3 cm, glandular hairy near base, pinnate-lobed; axis, lobes linear, < 1 mm wide; lobes 3--5 mm, needle-like, simple or forked, middle longest. Inflorescence: outer bracts 10--15 mm, leaf-like except axis wider, shorter than on leaves. Flower: calyx lobes needle-like; corolla 6--9 mm, +- > calyx, lavender- white, lobes 1--2 mm; stamens unequal, longest exserted; style included, stigmas 3. Fruit: dehiscing tip to base. Ecology: Wet areas in open forest; Elevation: 1400--2300 m. Bioregional Distribution: Teh, TR, PR; Distribution Outside California: , Baja Cali- fornia. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug Note: Like Navarretia breweri. 34. Branches ascending, sparse, along stem; outer bracts pinnate-lobed, lower- most lobes departing above base, or base strongly concave 35. Leaf lobed near base; bract base concave; corolla bright purple ..... N. fil- icaulis 35' Leaf lobed near, above base; bract base flat; corolla lavender-white or yellow 36. Corolla yellow ..... N. breweri 36' Corolla lavender-white ..... N. peninsularis 34' Branches generally spreading, dense, just below terminal head; out- er bracts palmate-lobed at base, not concave

45

Polygala cornuta var. fishiae (4.3) Fish’s milkwort POLYGALACEAE Shrub

Habit: Shrub, generally forming thickets < 2 m diam. Stem: decumbent to erect, 6--25 dm. Leaf: length > 2 × width. Flower: 7--11.2 mm; upper sepal generally rounded or obtuse, wings and at least outer sepals tips dark pink in bud, wings ciliate, glabrous or puberulent only near tip. Ecology: Chaparral, oak woodland; Elevation: 90--1270 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SCoRO, WTR, SnGb, PR; Distribution Outside Califor- nia: northern Baja California. Flowering Time: May--Aug Note: Plants in southern SCoRO, WTR (Santa Ynez Mountains) with green-white flow- ers, wings puberulent, named Polygala cornuta var. pollardii Munz, Pol- lard's milkwort.

1. Inflorescence thornless 2. Flowers 2.5–5 mm, ± cleistogamous, keel petal beakless ..... P. californi- ca (2) 2' At least some flowers > 7 mm, opening, keel petal beaked 3. Flower 9–14.5 mm (occasionally 2.5–5 mm cleistogamous flowers near plant base), keel petal beak oblong, generally notched or contorted, ± 0.7–1 mm diam near tip; aril glabrous ..... P. californica (2) 3' Flower 7–14 mm, of 1 kind, keel petal beak linear, entire, ± 0.2 mm diam near tip; aril hairy ..... P. cornuta 4. Flower 8.5–14 mm, wings dense-puberulent; upper sepal generally acute to acuminate ..... var. cornuta 4' Flower 7–11.2 mm, wings generally ciliate, surface glabrous or puber- ulent only near tip; upper sepal generally rounded to obtuse ..... var. fishiae

46

Acanthoscyphus parishii var. abramsii –CNPS 1B.2 Flowering Time Abrams’ oxytheca Polygonaceae Annual

Habit: Plant 1--3 dm. Leaf: 1--3(5) cm. Inflorescence: bracts generally 3, awns 0.5--1.5 mm; peduncles 0.8--2 cm; involucre awns 7--16, 3--4 mm, dark red. Ecology: Sand; Elevation: 1700--2000 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SCoRO (San Rafael Mtns), WTR (Topatopa Mtns, Mount Pinos). Flowering Time: Jun-- Aug. Synonyms: Eriogonum abramsii (E.A. McGregor) S. Stokes; Oxytheca abramsii E.A. McGregor; Oxytheca parishii Parry subsp. abramsii (E.A. McGregor) Munz; Oxytheca parishii var. abramsii (E.A. McGregor) Munz.

1. Involucre awns 7–16, 3–4 mm, dark red ..... var. abramsii 1' Involucre awns 4(5) or generally 7–30(36), 2–5 mm, ivory 2. Involucre awns 4(5), 2–3 mm ..... var. goodmaniana 2' Involucre awns 7–30(36), 3–5 mm 3. Involucre awns 7–10; inflorescence bracts awl-shaped, awns 0.5–1.5 mm ..... var. cienegensis 3' Involucre awns (10)13–30(36); inflorescence bracts trianglar, awns 0.2–0.5 mm ..... var. parishii

47

Chorizanthe polygonoides var. longispina –CNPS 1B.2 long-spined spine flower Polygonaceae Annual herb

Habit: Plant generally +- red. Inflorescence: involucre tube 1.5--2 mm, awns of prominent teeth 2--3 mm. Chromosomes: n=20. Ecology: Sand; Elevation: 30--1500 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: PR; Distribution Outside California: northern Baja California. Flowering Time: Apr--Jun

32' Plant prostrate to erect; branches not breaking at nodes; stamens 3–9 and fused to perianth tube base or (6)9 and fused to perianth tube top 34. Stamens fused to perianth tube top; perianth lobes entire or mi nutely notched; CA-FP ..... C. polygonoides 35. Involucre tube 1.5–2 mm, awns of prominent teeth 2–3 mm; PR ..... var. longispina

48

Eriogonum elegans –CNPS 4.3 elegant wild buckwheat Polygonaceae Annual

Habit: Annual 1--4 dm. Stem: 0.5--1 dm, glabrous. Leaf: basal; blades 0.3--1.5 cm, generally +- round, generally tomentose. Inflorescence: 5--35 cm, glabrous; pe- duncles 0; involucres generally appressed, 1--1.5 mm, 0.6--0.8 mm wide. Flower: 1--1.5 mm; perianth white to rose or +- yellow, lobes generally oblong-obovate. Fruit: 1--1.5 mm, glabrous. Ecology: Uncommon. Sand or grav- el; Elevation: 200--1200 m. Bioregional Distribution: SnFrB, SCoR, WTR. Flowering Time: May--Nov

1' Involucres not at tips of slender branchlets, generally appressed; peduncles 0 11. Flowers hairy, white to rose – c&s NCoR ..... E. dasyanthemum 11' Flowers glabrous or sparsely glandular, white, cream, yellow, rose, or red 12. Involucres 1–2 mm, if 2 mm then outer perianth lobes fan-shaped or ± hastate (except oblong to oblong-ovate in Eriogonum baileyi) 13. Stems glabrous, if tomentose then flowers glandular and plant of e SN, GB; outer perianth lobes oblong to oblong-obovate 14. Flowers yellow or pale ± yellow (or ± white), 0.6–0.8(1 mm; SNE, DMoj ..... E. brachyanthum 14' Flowers white to rose, 1–2 mm; SNF, Teh, SnFrB, SCoR, TR, GB, w DMoj 15. Flowers 1–1.5 mm, glabrous or puberulent; stem, inflorescence glabrous – SnFrB, SCoR, WTR ..... E. elegans

49

Mucronea californica –CNPS 4.2 Califormia spineflower Polygonaceae Annual herb

Habit: Plant (0.3)0.5--3(5) dm, 1--6(8) dm diam. Leaf: blades (0.5)1--5 cm, (0.1) 0.2--0.8(1.2) cm wide. Inflorescence: lower bracts 3(5), fused 1/2, awns 1--2.5 (3) mm; involucres (2)3(4)-angled, obscurely ribbed, not transversely ridged, not swollen, 2.5--5(7) mm. Flower: 1.5--2.5(3) mm, hairy basally; stamens 6-- 9. Fruit: 2--3 mm. Ecology: Sand; Elevation: < 1000 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: s CW, SW. Flowering Time: Mar--Aug

1. Bracts fused, on ± 1 side of node ; involucres 1–3; involucre teeth (2)3(4), 2.5–5(7) mm; involucre awns (0.5)1–2.5(3) mm; flowers 1–2; perianth lobes entire ..... M. californica 1' Bracts fused, around node; involucres 1; involucre teeth 4, 3–5(6) mm; invo- lucre awns (0.3)0.5–1.2 mm; flowers 1; perianth lobes fringed , occasionally entire or 2-lobed ..... M. perfoliata

50

Sidotheca caryophylloides (4.3) Chickweed oxytheca POLYGONACEAE Annual herb

Habit: Plant 1--2.5 dm, (0.3)1--4(5) dm diam. Leaf: blades 1--6(8) cm, 0.3-- 1.2(1.8) cm wide. Inflorescence: bract awns 0.2--0.5 mm; peduncle erect, 0-- 1 cm, glandular or glabrous; involucre 4--7 mm, glandular, teeth 5(6), awns 0.3--1 mm, +- green to +- red. Flower: 2--3, 1--2 mm; perianth green-yellow to +- red, lobes 3-lobed. Fruit: 1.2--1.5 mm. Chromosomes: n=20. Ecology: Sand or gravel; Elevation: 1300--2600 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: s SNH (Tulare Co.), TR, SnJt. Flowering Time: Jun--Sep Synonyms: Eriogonum caryophylloides (Parry) S. Stokes; Oxytheca caryo- phylloides Parry;

1. Involucre funnel-shaped, white-margined, teeth fused 3/4; perianth lobes with 3–5 fringed lobes ..... S. emarginata 1' Involucres narrowly to widely obconic, 1-colored, teeth fused ± 1/2; perianth lobes 3-lobed. 2. Flower 1–2 mm, green-yellow to ± red; perianth lobed 1/5; bract awns 0.2 –0.5 mm ..... S. caryophylloides 2' Flower 2.5–4 mm, white to pink or ± red; perianth lobed 1/3– 1/2; bract awns 0.8–1 mm ..... S. trilobata

51

Delphinium inopinum –CNPS 4.3 unexpected larkspur Ranunculaceae Perennial herb

Habit: Annual 1--8(15) dm. Leaf: proximal pinnately lobed to toothed, bristly and coarse-hairy and sometimes stalked-glandular; basal leaves sometimes persistent in SCoR. Inflorescence: heads in generally open, panicle-like clusters; bracts sub- tending head generally overlapping proximal 0--1/2 of involucre; phyllaries 5--6 mm, < peduncles, +- evenly stalked-glandular, often +- hairy, glandless hairs slen- der-based; paleae in 1 series. Ray Flower: (7)8(10); corolla deep yellow, ray 3-- 7.5 mm. Disk Flower: 8--14(15), all or mostly staminate; anthers +- red to dark purple; pappus of 6--12, oblong, fringed scales 1--2 mm, often >= 1/2 corolla length. Ecology: Grassland, open chaparral and woodland, disturbed areas, often in sandy soils; Elevation: < 1320 m. Bioregional Distribution: s CCo/SCoRO, s SCoRO, SCo, WTR (e Santa Ynez Mtns), PR; Flowering Time: May--Nov

7' Seed generally without inflated collar (except Delphinium andersonii), winged or not; fruit ± straight; inflorescence in mid-flower with generally > 6 flowers on main axis or oldest open-flowered pedicel generally < 25 mm or < 2 × youngest 17. Stems generally > 1 m, generally >= 2; enlarged rootstock buds in life generally ± white, brown on herbarium specimens 18. Flower generally June or earlier; sepals ± lavender or ± green-white, puberulent; < 1100 m ..... D. californicum 19. Sepals ± lavender; main inflorescence axis puberulent; upper petals ± hairy ..... subsp. californicum 19' Sepals ± green-white; main inflorescence axis ± glabrous; upper petals ± glabrous ..... subsp. interius 18' Flower generally July or later; sepals generally ± blue, ± canescent; <= 3600 m (if sepals ± lavender or ± green- white, then > 1100 m) 20. Leaves present on proximal 1/5 of stem in flower 21. Flower spur 9–12 mm; sepals white to light blue ..... D. inopinum

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Delphinium parryi ssp. purpureum (4.3) Mt. pinos larkspur, San bernardino larkspur RANUNCULACEAE Perennial herb

Habit: Root generally > 10 cm. Leaf: basal, cauline present in flower, generally on lower 1/3 of stem; lobes 3--20. Flower: sepals generally reflexed, +- purple to dark blue, lateral 7--11 mm, spur 10--13 mm; low- er petal blades 3--5 mm. Fruit: 10--15 mm. Chromosomes: 2n=16. Ecology: Sagebrush scrub, dry chaparral; Elevation: 1000--2600 m. Bioregional Distribution: Teh, SCoRO, WTR. Flowering Time: Apr-- Jun 1. Plant with all the following: sepals pink to deep rose-pink; fruit erect ; pedicels ± ascending , hairs glandular, yellow; angle between claw and blade on lower petals > 130°; s SN, w edge DMoj ..... D. purpusii 1' Plant with at least 1 exception to character states at 1. 2. Leaf blade base tapered , lobes few, < 50% to petiole ; serpentine streambanks, chaparral, grassland ..... D. uliginosum 2' Leaf blade base cordate , truncate , or rounded, lobes (3)5–many, > 50% to peti- ole; generally not on serpentine 3. Sepals ± red or yellow; blade of lower petals angled 140–180° to claw, hairs ± 0 to naked eye 3' Sepals generally variously blue, occasionally white, green-white, lavender, maroon, purple, or pink but not red or yellow; blade of lower petals angled 60– 130° to claw, hairs apparent to naked eye 6. Plant with all the following: inflorescence ± 1-sided; flower generally on and after 15 June; 1800–2600 m; stem generally 7–40(60) cm; pedicels as- cending; seed winged, without inflated collar at widest end; root < 5 cm; CaRH, n&c SNH, Wrn ..... D. depauperatum 6' Plant with 2 or more exceptions to character states at 6. 7. Seed with inflated collar at widest end, unwinged; fruit ± curved; inflorescence in mid-flower with generally < 6 flowers on main axis or oldest open-flowered pedicels generally > 25 mm and > 2 × youngest 7' Seed generally without inflated collar (except Delphinium andersonii), winged or not; fruit ± straight; inflorescence in mid-flower with generally > 6 flowers on main axis or oldest open-flowered pedicel generally < 25 mm or < 2 × youngest 17. Stems generally > 1 m, generally >= 2; enlarged rootstock buds in life generally ± white, brown on herbarium specimens 17' Stem generally < 1 m, generally 1; enlarged rootstock buds generally 0 23. Proximal petiole hairs > 0.5 mm, straight, spreading , white, and some not 23' Proximal petiole hairs0 –0.5 mm, or curved, or both (if some > 0.5 mm, straight, then plant of NW or SnFrB, seeds winged) 30. Blade of each lower petal hairier on inner lobe than outer; proximal stem ± striate – lateral sepals 7–16 mm; seeds winged; sepals not reflexed; pedicels ascending at < 45° angle; NW, CaRF, ScV, SnFrB, SCoRI, PR ..... D. hesperium 30' Blade of each lower petal equally hairy on inner and outer lobe; proximal stem not striate 33. Seed coat cell margins wavy, ± visible at 10× when held to light; fruit length gen- erally <= 3 × width; sepals light blue to pink or white 33' Seed coat cell margins straight, ± visible at 10× when held to light; fruit length generally > 3× width; sepals blue to dark blue 38. Green leaves generally present on proximal 1/5 of stem in flower; proximal stem, petioles ± glabrous 38' Green leaves generally 0 on proximal 1/5 of stem in flower; proximal stem, petioles ± puberulent – Teh, SnJV, CW, SW ..... D. parryi 41. Basal leaves generally 0 in flower 42. Lateral sepals generally 16–25 mm ..... subsp. blochmaniae 42' Lateral sepals 9–15 mm ..... subsp. parryi 41' Basal leaves generally present in flower 43. Plant from > 700 m ..... subsp. purpureum 43' Plant from < 700 m

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Delphinium umbraculorum (1B.3) Umbrella larkspur RANUNCULACEAE Perennial herb

Stem: 40--85 cm, base generally narrower than root, firmly attached, +- gla- brous. Leaf: basal, cauline +- glabrous; lobes 3--10, > 4 mm wide on proxi- mal. Inflorescence: pedicels +- ascending, 6--73 mm, 10--50 mm apart, gla- brous or puberulent. Flower: lateral sepals reflexed, 10--16 mm, spur 11--14 mm. Fruit: 15--19 mm. Seed: smooth, winged. Chromosomes: 2n=16. Ecology: Moist oak forest; Elevation: 400--1600 m. Bioregional Distribu- tion: SCoRO, WTR. Flowering Time: Apr--Jun Note: Hybridizes with Delphinium parryi, Delphinium patens subsp. montanum.

38. Green leaves generally present on proximal 1/5 of stem in flower; proximal stem, petioles ± glabrous 39. In flower, basal leaves 4–10, cauline 1–4, lobes 3–5(9), shorter lobes 0.5–6 cm, lobe tips rounded — Sonoran Desert ..... D. scaposum 39' In flower, basal leaves 0–3, cauline 3–7, lobes 3–30, longer lobes 2–6 cm, lobe tips tapered to point 40. Lobes of proximal leaves > 4 mm wide; lateral sepals reflexed; Outer South Coast Ranges, Western Transverse Ranges ..... D. umbraculorum 40' Lobes of proximal leaves < 4 mm wide; lateral sepals rarely reflexed; High Cascade Range, ne High Sierra Nevada, Great Basin Floristic Prov- ince ..... D. andersonii 38' Green leaves generally 0 on proximal 1/5 of stem in flower; proximal stem, petioles ± puberulent — Tehachapi Mountain Area, San Joaquin Valley, Central Western California, Southwestern California ..... D. parryi

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Horkelia cuneata var. puberula (1B.1) Mesa horkelia ROSACEAE Perennial herb

Habit: Hairs sparse, +- all glandular. Inflorescence: open, of many +- sepa- rate flowers; pedicels generally 5--30 mm. Flower: hypanthium inner rim +- glabrous; filament base generally 0.5--2 mm wide. Ecology: Dry, sandy, coastal chaparral; Elevation: 70--870 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCoRO, SCo (esp foothill edge of Basin), PR. Flowering Time: Mar--Jul Note: More inland than other varieties. 16. Leaflets 1–3 per side, < distinct terminal leaflet, teeth generally double, gen- erally > 20; petal ± round, ± 5 mm wide; 400–1300 m; Peninsular Ranges ..... H. truncata 16' Leaflets 5–12 per side, ± = generally indis- tinct terminal leaflet, teeth generally single, ± 10–15; petal obovate or narrower, 1.5–4 mm wide; < 870 m; Central Coast, Outer South Coast Ranges, South Coast ..... H. cuneata 17. Hairs ± all glandular; inflorescence open; hypanthium inner rim ± glabrous; filament base generally 0.5–2 mm wide ..... var. puberula 17' Hairs mostly glandless; inflorescence open to dense; hypanthium inner rim generally hairy; filament base 0.5–1 mm wide

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Galium cliftonsmithii –CNPS 4.3 Santa Barbara bedstraw

Rubiaceae

Habit: Perennial herb, +- climbing; stems stout, woody, shiny, +- scabrous; dioe- cious. Stem: 3--18 dm. Leaf: in whorls of 4, 7--15 mm, ovate to elliptic, 1-veined, margin hairs recurved, tip acute to acuminate, with a sharp hair. Inflorescence: few-flowered clusters on branchlets. Flower: corolla rotate, +- yellow, glabrous. Fruit: , white; hairs 0. Chromosomes: 2n=+-188. Ecology: Light shade, coastal canyons, dry banks, chaparral; Elevation: 200-- 1220 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCoRO, WTR. Flowering Time: Apr--Jun

19' Plant often climbing, ± woody above ground 32. Plant generally with recurved prickles; woody stem generally long, slender, climbing or sprawling 33. Leaf tip acute to obtuse to rounded, generally short-pointed, generally not sharp to touch, terminal hair generally not persistent ..... G. porrigens 34. Leaf widely oblong to ovate ..... var. porrigens 34' Leaf ± linear ..... var. tenue 33' Leaf tip generally tapered , generally sharp to touch, terminal hair persistent 35. Leaf elliptic to ovate, acute to acuminate ; plant not densely tan- gled, green; SCoRO, WTR 36. Plant not shiny; stem wiry; leaf faces hairy; generally < 200m, CCo, SCoRO ..... G. californicum subsp. maritimum 36' Plant shiny; stem stout; leaf faces ± glabrous; >= 200 m, SCo RO, WTR ..... G. cliftonsmithii

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Nolina cismontana (1B.2) Peninsular beargrass RUSCACEAE Shrub

Stem: generally < 3(15) dm, above ground, erect. Leaf: 30--90 per rosette, 12--30 mm wide, occasionally glaucous, base 3--8.5 cm wide, margin minute -serrate. Inflorescence: 0.9--1.8 m; scape 14--35 mm diam at base; bracts persistent. Seed: 3--4 mm, red-brown. Chromosomes: n=19. Ecology: Dry chaparral of coastal mtns; Elevation: 200--1300 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, WTR, PR. Flowering Time: May--Jul Note: Undescribed sp. under Nolina parryi in TJM (1993).

1. Stem below ground, horizontal; leaf blade 12–35 mm wide ..... N. interrata 1' Stem generally above ground, erect; leaf blade 12–48 mm wide 2. Leaf margin in age fibrous-shredding; seed gray-white; Desert Mountains, Sonoran Desert ..... N. bigelovii 2' Leaf margin in age not fibrous-shredding; seed red-brown; s High Sierra Nevada (Kern Plateau), South Coast, Western Transverse Ranges, e San Bernar- dino Mountains, Peninsular Ranges 3. Leaf base 3–8.5 cm wide, inflorescence 0.9–1.8 m; dry chaparral of coastal mtns; South Coast, Western Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Rang- es ..... N. cismontana 3' Leaf base 5–16.5 cm wide; inflorescence 1.4–3.8 m; pinyon/ juniper woodland, rocky desert slopes; s High Sierra Nevada (Kern Plat- eau), e San Bernardino Mountains, Peninsular Ranges, Desert Mountains, Sonoran Desert ..... N. parryi

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Heuchera caespitosa (4.3) Urn-flowered alumroot SAXIFRAGACEAE Perennial herb

Habit: Plant 10--36 cm. Leaf: petiole 1--6 cm; blade 15--40 mm, round to reniform, shallowly 5-lobed. Inflorescence: narrow, open; glands nearly ses- sile and long-stalked, stalk >> gland. Flower: +- bilateral; hypanthium + calyx (4)5--7 mm; part of hypanthium fused to ovary 1--2.2 mm, +- = long side of free part; calyx lobes 1--3 mm, slightly unequal, pink-red, tips green; petals 4.5--6 mm, oblanceolate to spoon-shaped, claw +- = blade, unequal; sta- mens generally < calyx lobes, unequal, longest included to barely exserted; mature styles > 1.5 mm, included. Ecology: Rocky areas; Elevation: 1900-- 2300 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SNH (Tulare Co.), s SCoRO (Big Pine Mtn), TR (uncommon SnBr). Flowering Time: May--Jul Note: Similar to Heuchera abramsii, Heuchera brevistaminea, Heuchera hirsutissima; these together forming a difficult complex. 4. Inflorescence glands nearly sessile, stalk ± = gland; leaf blade generally < 15 mm, generally broadly ovate, lobed ± 1/2 to base ..... H. abramsii 4' Inflorescence glands nearly sessile and long-stalked, stalk >> gland; leaf blade generally > 15 mm, generally round to reniform, lobed 1/4– 1/3 to base 5. Stamens generally < 1/2 calyx lobes; part of hypanthium free from ovary ± 0.7 mm on short side, ± 1.5 mm on long side — Peninsular Ranges (San Diego Co.) ..... H. brevistaminea 5' Stamens ± = calyx lobes; part of hypanthium free from ovary > 0.8 mm on short side, > 1.8 mm on long side 6. Calyx lobes all well developed ..... H. caespitosa 6' Calyx lobes on long side of hypanthium minute — Peninsular Ranges ..... H. hirsutissima

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Scrophularia atrata (1B.2) Black flowered figwort SCROPHULARIACEAE Perennial forb

Habit: Perennial herb. Stem: 100--150 cm. Leaf: larger blades 6--9(11) cm, dark to light green. Inflorescence: axes, pedicels glandular- puberulent to -hairy. Flower: calyx lobes 3 mm, triangular-ovate, green, tip acute to rounded, margins generally scarious; corolla 9--11 mm, ap- pearing much-inflated, dark red to +- black, mouth much-constricted; staminode tip triangular; stigma head-like. Ecology: Calcium-, diatom- rich soils; Elevation: < 400 m. Bioregional Distribution: CCo, SCoRO (Santa Barbara, s San Luis Obispo cos.). Flowering Time: Apr--Jul 1. Annual, 15–60(90) cm; flowers generally 1–5 in leaf axils; calyx lobes lanceolate , acuminate , margins not scarious ..... S. peregrina 1' Perennial herb, occasionally shrubby, 70–180 cm; flowers 3–10(24) per panicle branch; calyx lobes triangular-ovate, acute to rounded, mar- gins generally scarious 2. Inflorescence glandular-long-soft-hairy ..... S. villosa 2' Inflorescence glandular-puberulent to -hairy 3. Corolla dark red to ± black, appearing much-inflated proximally, mouth much-constricted ..... S. atrata

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Thelypteris puberula var. sonorensis (1B.1) Sonoran maiden fern THELYPTERIDACEAE Fern (rhizonmatous)

Habit: Rhizome creeping, 3--8 mm wide; evergreen. Leaf: +- regularly spaced, generally 50--120 cm, 15--30 cm wide; stipe scales lanceolate, brown, not persistent; blade thick, abaxially +- nonglandular, +- densely hairy on axes, veins, and between veins; pinnae deeply lobed, lobes narrow- ly oblong, entire. Sporangia: sori small, round; indusia densely hairy. Ecology: Along streams, seepage areas; Elevation: 50--800 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, WTR, SnGb, SnJt; Distribution Outside California: to Ari- zona, southern Mexico. Note: Rarely cultivated in southern California. 1 oth- er variety, Thelypteris puberula var. puberula, Mexico to Costa Rica.

1. Lower pinnae << upper, blade widest above base; lower- most veins to margin above deepest point of sinus; Klamath Ranges, Outer North Coast Ranges, n High Sierra Nevada ..... T. nevadensis 1' Lower pinnae ± >= upper, blade widest at or near base; lower- most veins to margin at deepest point of sinus; Southwestern California ..... T. puberula var. sonorensis

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