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Home , Bear Butte, Conquering Bear, Crazy Horse, Fort Robinson, Lakota people, Little Big Man

question answer page Who is the author of 'In the Footsteps of '? Joseph Marshall III cover What plant grew along the banks of the Smoking Earth River? buffalo berries 1

Why did people tease Jimmy McClean? He had blue eyes. 1

What town was on the northern edge of the Rosebud ? Cold River 1 In what state is the Rosebud Sioux Indian Reservation? 1 What were the names of the two students who most often teased Jimmy McClean? Corky Bring and Jesse Little Horse 1

Which kid was Lakota - Corky or Jesse? Jesse 2 What was Jimmy McClean's white grandfather's name? Angus McClean 2 What was Jimmy McClean's mom's name before she got married? Anne High Eagle 2

What was Jimmy McLClean's dad's name? James McClean Sr. 2 What was James McClean Senior's ethnic heritage? half Lakota, half white 2 What was Jimmy McClean's dad's mom's name? Madeline Bear 2 What reservation did Jimmy's grandma live in, on the part of South Dakota? Reservation 2 What was Jimmy McClean's ethnic heritage? 3/4 Lakota, 1/4 white 2 What did Jimmy's mom say was the They were all inside. He was white problem with his 3/4 Lakota parts? outside. 2 What does 'Malakota yelo!' mean? I am Lakota! 2

What did Jimmy's dad do for a living? Tribal police officer 2 What did Jimmy's mom do for a living? She was a head start teacher 5

What was Jimmy's grandfather's name? Nyles 5

What was Jimmy's favorite thing to do? ride horses 5 Where did Jimmy's Grandpa Nyles and 10 miles out of town, o n a small Grandma Sarah live? horse ranch 5 What was the name of the buckskin quarter horse Jimmy rode? Little Warrior 5

What was the name of the bay quarter horse stallion Grandpa Nyles rode? Dancer 5 What chore did Grandpa Nyles and Jimmy Checked Grandpa Nyles' 12 miles of do on the prairie? fences. 5 What creek flows into the Smoking Earth River? Horse Creek 5

What did Grandpa Nyles teach Jimmy to do in order to scare away snakes? Poke a long stick in the grass 5 Who was the greatest Lakota? Crazy Horse 7 What did Crazy Horse and Jimmy have in common? Light skin and brown hair 7 What color eyes did Jimmy have? blue 7 In what year was Jimmy's great-great- grandfather born? 1860 7 What did they call Crazy Horse when he was young? Light Hair 7

What was the name of the large town on the northeast edge of the ? Rapid City 11 In what part of South Dakota are the Black Hills? western 11

What is the name of the only mountains in South Dakota or on the ? The Black Hills 11 What is the name of the high point in the Black Hills that stands northwest of Rapid City, near the town of Sturgis? 11 From the south it looked like a bear How did Bear Butte get its name? lying on its stomach. 11

What did do at Bear Butte? pray 11

What did Grandpa Nyles offer to the four directions from the wooden platform at the top of Bear Butte? pipe tobacco 11 What river does Rapid Creek join farther east from Rapid City? The River 12 Why did Grandpa Nyles think Rapid Creek Crazy Horse was born somewhere was a good place for them to start their along Rapid Creek in sight of Bear journey? Butte. 12 What border did Grandpa Nyles and Jimmy cross after driving 2 hours south from The South Dakota - Rapid City? border 12 What town in Nebraska had Jimmy once visited with his dad to look at a pickup truck? North Platte 12 Why did Grandpa Nyles say people and animals don't understand each other any People began to think they were more? better than animals. 12

What state park did Grandpa Nyles and Jimmy visit in a town called Chadron? Ash Hollow State Historical Park 12

Where did Grandpa Nyles and Jimmy make their first camp on their journey? In the Sandhills 12 Which Lakota ancestors came as far south as the Sandhills? Sicangu 15 How old was Crazy Horse when his mother died? four 15 Where did Crazy Horse go to live with . his dad, his sister, and his two moms? Eastern 15

What was the Lakota word for 'month'? moon 15 What was Lakota name of the autumn month in 1855 when Crazy Horse was in western Nebraska? Moon of Leaves Turning Color 15 Who was the headman in the village Crazy Horse visited with his two Sicangu mothers' relatives? Little Thunder 17 What river was south of Crazy Horse's village? the Shell River 17 What mountains are west of Crazy Horse's village? The Medicine Bow Mountains 17

Who saw the grass fire when he was fourteen and riding with Crazy Horse? White Bear 17 What did the Lakota call the soldiers of the white people? Long Knives 20

What fort was near the Sicangu village the Long Knives attacked in 1854? Fort Laramie 20

What was the name of the Cheyenne woman crying after her husband and baby were killed by the Long Knives? Yellow Woman 20 What was Light Hair's (Crazy Horse's) uncle's name? 20

Who was the overall Sicangu leader? Spotted Tail - Crazy Horse's uncle 23

Who's sisters were Light Hair's mothers? Spotted Tail's 23

What state is the city of Cheyenne in? Wyoming 26 What Interstate did Grandpa Nyles and Jimmy drive west into Wyoming? Interstate 80 26 What did the Lakota people call the ? The Shell River 28 What did Jimmy see in the dirt by the wagon wheel ruts from the Oregon river that were 150 years old? Trail 28 What did the Lakota people call the ? The Shell River Road 29 How was Little Hawk related to Light Hair (Crazy Horse)? He was his uncle 29

What did Light Hair and Little Hawk see in the summer of 1852 when they were hiding in the grass? An endless line of covered wagons 29 How many people traveled on the Oregon three hundred and fifty thousand Trail? people 31 In what state did people start their journey on the Oregon Trail? Missouri 31 To which two states did the Oregon Trail lead? Oregon and California 31 For how many years did people travel on the Oregon Trail? twenty years 31 What are people called who dress up and act as soldiers in Fort Laramie to talk to the tourists? reenactors 34 What was one of Light Hair's (Crazy Horse's) mothers named? They Are Afraid of Her 34 What two native American tribes were friends of the Lakota? The and the Cheyenne 34 What native American was an enemy of the Lakota? The Crow 34

What are two native American tribes that are related to the Lakota? The Dakota and the 34 What was Light Hair's (Crazy Horse's) little brother's name? Whirlwind 34 What does history call the Council on Forth Laramie Treaty Council of Horse Creek? 1851 36 What native American tribe worked as scouts for the Long Knives against other Indians The Pawnee 36

What was the name of Light Hair's friend who was with him when they first saw soldiers coming with a canon? Slow 39

Where had the cow come from that wandered into the Sicangu village? From the white Mormons 39

What did Mniconju do to the cow that He killed it, butchered it, and gave wandered into the Sicangu village? the meat to the old people 39 Who did the messenger from the Long Knives fort talk to in the Sicangu village about the cow? 39

What did Conquering Bear offer in exchange for the cow that was killed? several mules 39

What was worth more--a mule or a cow? A mule 39

What did the Long Knife headman want to happen to the man who killed the cow? To put him in jail. 39 What was the name of the Long Knives soldier that confronted Conquering Bear about the cow? Lieutenant John Grattan 39 What was the "big black thing that looked like a log"? a cannon 39 What was the name of Light Hair's teacher who taught him to be a hunter and warrior? High Back Bone (called 'Hump') 42 How did Crazy Horse's friend and teacher He was killed in a fight against some die? 42 What interstate cuts south to north across Wyoming? Interstate 25 45 What was the name of the white man that marked out the ancient trail that became interstate 25? 45 Why did John Bozeman mark the trail To show the way to the gold fields through Wyoming in 1860? in 45

What was the problem with the trail that It crossed right through Lakota went through Wyoming to Montana? territory 45

What was the name of a trail that was older than the trail Bozeman marked? The Powder River Road 45 The Shining Mountains because the What did the Lakota call the Bighorn snow on the peaks shines in the Mountains? sunlight. 45 What was the name of the town where stood? Kaycee 46

What was the name of the historic site where Crazy Horse became a war leader? State Historic Site 46 What was the battle called that happened at Fort Phil Kearny? Battle of the Hundred in the Hands 49

What did white people call the Battle of The Fetterman Battle or the the Hundred in the Hands? Fetterman Massacre 49 What was the date of the Battle of the Hundred in the Hands (AKA Fetterman Massacre)? December 21, 1866 49

What was the name of the commanders of the 18th US Infantry and the 2nd US at the Battle of a Hundred in the Captain Brevet and Lieutenant Hands? Colonel William J. Fetterman 49 They said there were no survivors, Why did Grandpa Nyles say they got it but hundreds of Lakota and wrong on the plaque at State Northern Cheyenne survived. Also Historic Park? was NOT involved. 49 What was the weather like on December 21, 1866? It was 30 degrees below zero 49 What was the name of the river where 23 villages lined the banks? The 51

What was the name of the Lakota medicine man (Crazy Horse's dad) who lived in a lodge next to the Tongue River? Worm 51 His father (Worm) had been given the name from his father, the first Crazy Horse. He passed it to his song (Light Hair) and took the name How did Crazy Horse get his name? 'Worm'. 51 What creek ran by Fort Kearny? Buffalo Creek 51 What other forts stood along the Fort Reno to the south, and Fort ? C.F. Smith to the north. 51 What was the cause of the problems along the Bozeman trail? gold 51

What kind of bird did Crazy Horse and his mothers act like when they lured the A mother grouse leading a coyote white soldiers out of their fort? away from her nest. 51 She pretends to be injured and flies How does a mother grouse lead a coyote short distances, landing so the away from her chicks? coyote will follow her. 51

What did the Lakota wear to stay warm when they were planning the ambush on buffalo-hide robes and -hide the Long Knives at Fort Kearny? coats 54 Who were the nine decoy warriors who five Lakota, two Northern rode with Crazy Horse? Cheyenne, and two Arapaho 54 Who was the only teenager in the group of warriors riding with Crazy Horse to lure the white soldiers away from the fort? Little Hawk 54 What was Little Hawk called when he was a boy? Whirlwind 54 Why did soldiers drive wagons into the forest from the fort? To get wood for their stoves. 54 How many white soldiers came out of the fort when they heard the gunshots near eight - a column of twos-- 40 Fort Kearny? mounted on horses, 40 on foot. 56 What can a person get if they're in below- zero temperatures? frostbite 56 Who commanded the soldiers following Crazy Horse and his warriors into the ambush? Captain William Fetterman 62

What was the name of the long flat hill where Captain William Fetterman and his soldiers followed Crazy Horse and the decoy warriors? Lodge Trail Ridge 62 What kind of ammunition was used in guns in the 1850's? lead balls and gun powder 67

What weapons did Crazy Horse use in the Bow and arrow, rifle, a pistol, and a Battle of the Hundred in the Hands? war club. 67 What American war had Grandpa Nyles fought in as a US Marine infantry sergeant? The Vietnam War 70

What was the name of Crazy Horse's best friend who was killed in the Battle of a Hundred in the Hands? Lone Bear 72

What did Grandpa Nyles put on a large rock for the Lakota, Cheyenne, Arapaho warriors and the soldiers? gray sage wrapped in red cloth 72 A Cheyenne holy man predicted a Why was the battle called the Battle of victory in a battle against one the Hundred in the Hands? hundred men. 75

What is the name of the valley where the town of Sheridan, Wyoming is located? The Tongue River Valley 75 What river marked the eastern end of the Lakota territory? The 75 Which people lived in the western end of the Lakota territory where Crazy Horse wanted to stay? people 76

What is the area where Crazy Horse spent most of his childhood now called? central and north central Wyoming 76

What was Crazy Horse really good at, starting when he was a teenager? hunting 76 What did Crazy Horse do with the meat Left it at the lodge door of he hunted for? someone who needed it. 76

What are all Lakota people taught to be? generous 79 The girl he loved...Black Buffalo Woman... was given away to someone What broke Crazy Horse's heart? else. 79

What was the name Crazy Horse married? Black Shawl 79 What happened to the daughter of Crazy She died from a disease (cholera) at Horse and Black Shawl? four years old. 79

What did the government tell Crazy Horse he had to do in 1877? Live on a reservation 81

Where did the Lakota and Northern Cheyenne win a great battle against the Long Knives in June, 1876? Little Bighorn 81 For their tongues, hides, and for Why did white hunters kill buffalo? sport. 81 Whose army did Crazy Horse and 500 men face at Rosebud Creek? General 's army 84 What did the Lakota call the Rosebud The Battle Where the Girl Saves Battle? her Brother 84

What state did Grandpa Nyles and Jimmy enter after leaving Wyoming? Montana 86 Who was the commanding officer of the US Seventh Cavalry? George A. Custer 87

What was the date when the Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapaho defeated the 7th Cavalry at the Battle of Little Bighorn? June 25, 1876 87 What is the name of the hill where the monument to the Battle of Little Bighorn stands? Last Stand Hill 87 What was George Custer's brother's name? Captain Tom Custer 87

What was the far end of the battle site four miles from Last Stand Hill? Reno-Benteen Hill 87 What river did the village of 1,000 lodges move to two days before the Battle of Little Bighorn? Greasy Grass River 89 What was the most holy and powerful of Lakota ceremonies? 89

How many Lakota bands were there? seven 89

What are bays, buckskins and sorrels? types of horses 89 What color are bay horses? brown 89 What color are buckskin horses? tan 89 What color are sorrel horses? reddish 89 What were the fastest Lakota runners trained to do? Chase buffalo 89 What helped the Lakota become a strong nation that controlled a large territory? horses 89

What month was known to the Lakota as "The Moon of the Ripening Berries"? June 89 The Lakota war leader who decided to charge the west end of the soldier line commanded by Who was Gall? Major . 92 What made a high-pitched sound to warn Lakota warriors that the Long Knives were coming? An eagle bone whistle 98 How many battles really made up the Battle of Little Big Horn? three 98

What was the wide, flat gully where General Custer tried to cross the river into the . north end of the village? Medicine Tail Coulee 98 How many of Custer's soldiers fell between Medicine Tail Coulee and Last Stand Hill? two hundred 100

What percent of Custer's men were lost by the time they got to Last Stand Hill? 85% 100 Why are there so many white markers on Custer and all his men were killed Last Stand Hill? there. 100 A dream of a rider untouched by What dream did Crazy Horse have? bullets and arrows. 106 Why did Lakota people mutilate the bodies They were angry at them and the of the fallen white soldiers at Last Stand Long Knives had mutilated Indians at Hill? Sand Creek, Colorado. 108 The three tribes who fought What did the metal sculpture of the together: The Lakota, Cheyenne, three metal figures represent? and Arapaho. 108 Who did the metal sculpture of a man with a hawk on his head reaching to take weapons from a woman on the ground represent? Crazy Horse 108 What was a Lakota custom for Lakota Hand weapons to their husbands and wives and mothers to do? sons. 111 "Have courage and be the first to What was the saying the Lakota women charge the enemy, for it is better said to encourage their husbands and to lie a warrior naked in death than sons? it is to turn away from the battle". 111 How many granite panels form the circular monument to commemorate the Battle of Little Bighorn? twelve 111 Who said, "We had killed soldiers who came to kill us". , a Cheyenne warrior 111

Which Indian tribes were with the Long Knives on the day of the Battle at Little Bighorn, working as scouts? The Crow and 111 Where did Lakota bands go to live in Nebraska after surrendering to the white people? 113

Who were the leaders of the Lakot who Spotted Tail, , and decided to surrender to the whites? Red Cloud 113

In 1876 how many Lakota were left? About 20,000 113 In 1876 how many white people were in the US? About 25 million 113 Which two Lakota warriors were symbols to other Lakota and dangerous to the whites? Crazy Horse and 113 What was the name of the young warrior who found Crazy Horse to ask him what he planned to do and report back to the old men? Good Weasel 116 Who was Good Weasel's mother? Grass Shawl - a Blue Sky 116 Who was Good Weasel's father? No Horse, a Mniconju Lakota 116 What was the Battle of Little Bighorn also called? The Greasy Grass Fight 121 On what date did the Battle of Little Bighorn end? June 26, 1876 121 What is the difference between a real A real one is made of buffalo hide and a manmade canvas one? and doesn't rattle in the breeze. 121 What are Lakota chairs called? backrests 121 How many people come to visit the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument annually? About six hundred thousand 121 Where was the last stop on Grandpa Nyles' and Jimmy's tour? Fort Robinson 124

In what state is the city of Casper? Wyoming 126 What river flows by Fort Robinson? the White River 126

Why were Lakota people sent from Fort Robinson up to the top of the ridge to talk to Crazy Horse and his elders? To convince them to surrender 127

Where did Sitting Bull and his people go after the Battle of Little Bighorn? 127 What did Grandpa Nyles think was the bravest thing Crazy Horse ever did in his Surrendered to the Long Knives so life? his people wouldn't be slaughtered. 127 What song did one of the warriors with Crazy Horse sing as they headed to Fort Robinson? a Strong Heart song 130 What was the name of the man Crazy Horse surrendered to? White Hat Clark 132 What was a sign of surrender by a Lakota leader? Giving up his rifle 132 The helpless ones--the old people, Who did Crazy Horse surrender for? the women, and the children 132 What did some of the jealous Lakota leaders fear the Indian Bureau would do with Crazy Horse? Make him chief over all the Lakota 135

What did the jealous Lakota leaders want to do with Crazy Horse after he Send him to Florida and put him in surrendered at Fort Robinson? prison. 135 Which Indian tribes were mostly in the prisons in Florida? Cheyenne and 135

What did Crazy Horse do before going to Took Black Shawl (his wife) to talk with General Crook, the man in charge safety in the village of his cousin, at Fort Robinson? Touch the Clouds. 135 What band of Lakotas was Touch the Clouds leader of? The Mniconju Lakotas 135

How did Touch the Clouds get his name? He was nearly 7 feet tall. 135 Who was with the Indian police when they arrested Crazy Horse? His friend, 135 He was stabbed with the bayonet of How did Crazy Horse die? a rifle by a soldier. 135

Who was with Crazy Horse when he died? His father and Touch the Clouds. 137 What river did Grandpa Nyles and Jimmy reach at sundown at the end of their journey? The Cold River 137 What did Grandpa Nyles call the journey The visionary journey of Jimmy he and Jimmy went on? McClean and his grandpa 137 Who is Tasunke Witko? His Crazy Horse 143 Waiting, hiding, and then attacking What is an ambush? an enemy glossary northeastern Colorado and Where did the Arapaho people live? southeastern Wyoming glossary The northern part of the Missouri Where did the Arikara people live? River in what is now glossary In the northern region of what is Where did the people live? now Montana. glossary What do farmers and ranchers use for fencing? glossary White kind of gun fired one round lead ball at a time? A black powder percussion rifle glossary Soldiers or warriors riding into What is 'cavalry'? battle on horses glossary Where did the Cheyenne live? In the northern Plains glossary What part of the body is infected by cholera? The small intestine glossary What is a coulee? A gully or ravine glossary Which native people were enemies of the Crow? Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapaho glossary

Which native tribe were one-third of the people living on the northern Great Plains? The Dakota glossary What were the Dakota, Lakota, and Nakota people called as a group? The Allied People glossary What is an 'ungulate' animal? An animal with hooves glossary What are the poles dragged by a horse to carry bundles or people? drag poles glossary Where is Fort Laramie National Historic Site? South-eastern Wyoming glossary Where is Fort Phil Kearny State Historic Site? North central Wyoming glossary

Where is Fort Robinson State Park? Northwestern Nebraska glossary

What are known as the 'four winds' or the The four directions - north, south, 'four corners of the earth'? east, west glossary What is a gelding? A male horse that is neutered glossary sulfur, charcoal, and potassium What is gunpowder made of? nitrate glossary Along the upper part of the Missouri River in what is now North Where did the people live? Dakota. glossary What Indian Reservation is located where the Hidatsa people once lived? The Fort Berthold Reservation glossary Which was the 3rd largest group of the seven groups of Lakota people? The Hunkpapa glossary North central South Dakota west of Where do the Hunkpapa people live? the Missouri river. glossary

What was the Little Bighorn Battlefield The Custer Battlefield National National Monument called prior to 1992? Monument glossary Along the upper part of the Missouri River in what is now North Where did the people live? Dakota. glossary What tribe allied with the Arikara and Hidatsa people? The Mandan glossary

Where do the Mandan people now live? On the Fort Berthold Reservation glossary What is a mare? An adult female horse glossary What is a meadowlark? A small songbird in the Great Plains glossary What were Lakota healers called? medicine man glossary

How many bands of Lakota were there? seven glossary The offspring of a male donkey What is a mule? (sire) and a female horse (dam). glossary What is the offspring of a female donkey and male horse called? A hinny glossary What are the Hunkpapa, Oglala, Mniconju, and Sicangu? Four of the seven Lakota bands glossary

What were the representatives sent by the US government in the mid-1800's to negotiate treaties with the native people in the Great Plains called? peace talkers glossary A horse that can quickly run a quarter mile, now used by ranchers to herd cattle and to compete in What is a quarter horse? horse shows. glossary A smudge (smoke) in religious What did many tribes use sage for? ceremonies glossary West of the Bighorn Mountains in Where did the Shoshone people live? what is now Wyoming. glossary What is dough mixed with water and cooked in a skillet called? skillet bread glossary What did the Lakota people call the Little White River? The Smoking Earth River glossary

What is the name of the succulent plant that grows in the northern Plains? soap plant glossary When did the Sicangu Lakota leader, Spotted Tail, killed? 1881 glossary An unneutered male horse that can What is a stallion? sire offspring glossary When did Lakota people usually sing the When an enemy was near and battle Strong Heart Song? about to start glossary

What is a written agreement between the US government and native tribes called? A treaty glossary What was the title of respect used by Lakota to an older men without any blood relationship? uncle glossary

What was the name of the 650-men troop under Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer's command that was defeated on the Little Bighorn River on June 25, 1876? The U.S. Seventh Cavalry glossary