Bartolomeu Dias, Corpo Documental
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The Age of Exploration (Also Called the Age of Discovery) Began in the 1400S and Continued Through the 1600S. It Was a Period Of
Activity 1 of 3 for NTI May 18 - 22 - Introduction to Exploration of North America Go to: https://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance/age_of_exploration_and_discovery.php Click on the link above to read the article. There is a feature at the bottom that will allow you to have the text read to you, if you want. After you read the article, answer the questions below. You can highlight or bold your answers if completing electronically. I have copied the website text below if you need it. The Age of Exploration (also called the Age of Discovery) began in the 1400s and continued through the 1600s. It was a period of time when the European nations began exploring the world. They discovered new routes to India, much of the Far East, and the Americas. The Age of Exploration took place at the same time as the Renaissance. Why explore? Outfitting an expedition could be expensive and risky. Many ships never returned. So why did the Europeans want to explore? The simple answer is money. Although, some individual explorers wanted to gain fame or experience adventure, the main purpose of an expedition was to make money. How did expeditions make money? Expeditions made money primarily by discovering new trade routes for their nations. When the Ottoman Empire captured Constantinople in 1453, many existing trade routes to India and China were shut down. These trade routes were very valuable as they brought in expensive products such as spices and silk. New expeditions tried to discover oceangoing routes to India and the Far East. Some expeditions became rich by discovering gold and silver, such as the expeditions of the Spanish to the Americas. -
The Age of Exploration
The Age of Exploration Timeline Cards Chapter 5, Card 11 Tyler Pack Subject Matter Expert Chapter 5, Card 12 Avi Katz J. Chris Arndt, PhD, Department of History, James Madison University Chapter 5, Card 13 James Johnson Chapter 6, Card 14 Map tracing Magellan’s world voyage, once owned by Charles V, 1545 (vellum) by Battista Illustration and Photo Credits Agnese (1514–64)/John Carter Brown Library, Brown University, RI, USA/Bridgeman Images Chapter 6, Card 14 Ferdinand Magellan (1480–1521)/Pictures from History/Bridgeman Images Title Age Fotostock/SuperStock Chapter 7, Card 15 Angela Padron Chapter 1, Card 1 Martin Hargreaves Chapter 7, Card 16 Marti Major Chapter 1, Card 2 Album/Oronoz/Superstock Chapter 7, Card 17 Daniel Hughes Chapter 1, Card 2 “Portrait of Marco Polo (1254–1324), by Dolfino / Biblioteca Nazionale, Turin, Italy / Chapter 7, Card 18 Bryan Beus Bridgeman Images” Chapter 8, Card 19 Erika Baird Chapter 3, Card 3 DeAgostini / SuperStock Chapter 8, Card 20 “Lifting of the Siege of Pondicherry, 1748, engraved 1789 after work by Antoine Louis Chapter 3, Card 4 Vasco da Gama lands at Kozhikode (Calicut, India), May 20, 1498/Pictures from History/ Francois Sergent-Marceau (1751–1847) / Private Collection / The Stapleton Collection / Bridgeman Images Bridgeman Images” Chapter 3, Card 5 Christian Goupi/age fotostock/SuperStock Chapter 9, Card 21 Japan: Dejima Island, with Dutch flag flying. Chromolithograph of a painting by Johan Chapter 4 , Card 7 Dustin Mackay Maurits (1807–1874)./Pictures from History/Bridgeman Images Chapter 4, Card 8 Signing of Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal, June 7, 1494/De Agostini Chapter 9, Card 22 Scott Hammond Picture Library/G. -
THE PORTUGUESE CONTRIBUTION to SOUTH AFRICAN TOPONYMY Dr
Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies, Vol 18, Nr 3, 1988. http://scientiamilitaria.journals.ac.za THE PORTUGUESE CONTRIBUTION TO SOUTH AFRICAN TOPONYMY Dr. P.E. Raper* In hierdie artikel weergee dr. Raper, verbonde aan die Onomastiese Navorsingsentrum van die RGN, die reise van die onverskrokke Portugese seevaarders, ondermeer Oias en Oa Gama, en die plekname wat hulle agtergelaat het. Na 'n deeglike bespreking van 'n paar van hierdie name kom dr. Raper tot die gevolgtrekking dat hierdie name, op grond daarvan dat hulle die eerste name in suider Afrika was wat deur Europeers nagelaat is, van belang is vanuit 'n kulturele, historiese en Iingu'istiese oogpunt. Names are a vital part of language. They not necessitated frequent tacks or changes in direc- only facilitate communication but also make it tion. possible for us to orientate ourselves in the world in which we live. Names identify entities and Having then been blown out to sea and driven distinguish them from others. In contrast to 'ordi- eastwards, Dias found himself at the present- nary' words in a language, names are used day Mossel Bay, which he named Angra dos freely in other languages and thus have a Vaqueiros, 'bay of herdsmen'. A later expedition greater international impact. Yet in the first named it Anguada de SEW Bras, 'watering-place place, at the time of their bestowal, they were at St Blaize', after the saint to whom the day is derived from a specific language and reflect the dedicated on which Dias first saw it. culture, life-style and attitudes of the people who bestowed them. -
English in South Africa
English in South Africa Raymond Hickey, English Linguistics University of Duisburg and Essen email: [email protected] 1 Southern African countries 2 Location of the Republic of South Africa 3 Physical geography of South Africa 4 5 Climatic regions of South Africa 6 Early Cartography of Africa 7 Africa (1550) by Dutch cartographer Sebastian Münster 8 Africa (early 17c) by English cartographer John Speed 9 History of South Africa 10 History of South Africa 1)Indigenous peoples of southern Africa inhabit the region. Their descendents are to be found in the Kalahari Basin of Namibia, Botswana and parts of South Africa and speak a variety of languages, between which the genetic relationships are not always easy to determine. 2)In the early centuries CE Bantu peoples begin to move into the area of southern Africa. Their descendents constitute the black population of South Africa. 11 Bantu Migrations from Central to Southern Africa 12 History of South Africa 3)The first European to explore the coast of South Africa was Bartolomeu Dias in 1488. In 1497 the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope and opened the Indian Ocean for European colonial trade. 4)In 1654 the first Dutch settled in the Cape region, led by Jan van Riebeeck who established a colony there for the Dutch East Company interested in trading in spices. 13 Jan van Riebeeck(1619-1677) arrives in the Cape in 1652 to found a station for the Dutch East India Company between the Atlantic and Indian oceans. 14 The Dutch East Indies during the early colonial period 15 The southern Dutch dialects spoken by the first settlers developed over time into Cape Dutch Vernacular which was standadised in the early twentieth century and officially called Afrikaans. -
Redalyc.D. Manuel, a Índia E O Brasil
Revista de História ISSN: 0034-8309 [email protected] Universidade de São Paulo Brasil Thomaz, Luís Filipe F. R. D. Manuel, a Índia e o Brasil Revista de História, núm. 161, diciembre, 2009, pp. 13-57 Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo, Brasil Disponível em: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=285022056017 Como citar este artigo Número completo Sistema de Informação Científica Mais artigos Rede de Revistas Científicas da América Latina, Caribe , Espanha e Portugal Home da revista no Redalyc Projeto acadêmico sem fins lucrativos desenvolvido no âmbito da iniciativa Acesso Aberto D. MANUEL, A ÍNDIA E O BRASIL Luís Filipe F. R. Thomaz Universidade Católica Portuguesa Resumo O grande projeto de d. Manuel (r. 1495-1521) era, na sua essência, um projeto de cruzada, visando o ataque ao Império Mameluco pelo mar Roxo e a recuperação de Jerusalém. O Brasil não podia representar nele senão o modesto papel de escala técnica para as naus da Índia. Embora haja múltiplos indícios de que, pelo menos ca. 1492, conhecia-se já vagamente a existência de terras naquela zona do globo e de que o desvio de Pedro Álvares Cabral para ocidente foi intencional, este não parece imputável a instruções secretas de d. Manuel, mas antes a manobras da corte, majoritariamente adversa aos planos de cruzada do soberano. Palavras-chave Expansão portuguesa • cruzada • descobrimento do Brasil • d. Manuel • política de sigilo. Abstract The project of expansion cherished by the Portuguese king d. Manuel (r. 1495-1521) was that of a Crusade against the Mamluk Empire, by the Red sea route, which would enable him to recover Jerusalem. -
"Christopher Columbus" by Thomas C.Tirado, Permission Granted from ENCARTA
"Christopher Columbus" by Thomas C.Tirado, Permission Granted from ENCARTA (Reprint permission granted by Encarta Encyclopedia, 2000) Christopher Columbus by Thomas C. Tirado, Ph.D. Professor History Millersville University Background to the Age of Discovery: One cannot begin to understand Christopher Columbus without understanding the world into which he was born. The 15th century was a dynamic century, a century of change. There were many historical events throughout Western Europe that impacted society profoundly. Directly affecting the future explorer much closer to home, however, were three momentous events in and around the Mediterranean:1) the Conquest of Ceuta in North Africa by the Portuguese in 1415 2) the Fall of Constantinople to the Muslim Turks in 1453, and 3) the defeat of Muslim Granada by the Christian Spaniards in 1492.All three events were driven by the centuries-long conflict between the Christians and the Muslims. Ceuta: The Portuguese had successfully purged their country of Muslims by the turn of the century and had consolidated political power into a national monarchy earlier than any other Western European country. By 1415 the Portuguese were in a strong position to launch an invasion of North Africa and conquer the Muslim commercial center of Ceuta. Some historians see this as a resumption of the Christian Crusades that had been suspended over a century earlier. With a strong political and military base of operations, the Portuguese were in a position to resume Christendom's long struggle against the Muslims. Determined to destroy Islam once and for all by destroying its commercial empire, Portugal successfully conquered the city and immediately gained access to the lucrative African trade. -
Urbanization in Luanda: Geopolitical Framework
1 5 t h I N T E R N A T I O N A L P L A N N I N G H I S T O R Y S O C I E T Y C O N F E R E N C E URBANIZATION IN LUANDA: GEOPOLITICAL FRAMEWORK. A SOCIO-TERRITORIAL ANALYSIS SÍLVIA LEIRIA VIEGAS Address: Rua Bartolomeu Dias 122 rc dtº1400.031 Lisboa, Portugal. e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT The purpose of this reflection is to make a socio-territorial analysis of the city of Luanda in three historical periods – colonial [1948-1975], postcolonial amidst a civil war [1975-2001] and postcolonial amidst peace [2002-2012] – so as to formulate some theoretical considerations (after standard authors like Castells, Foucault, Lefebvre or Harvey, among others) and on practices (considering the (in)effectiveness of the obtained results, and following new unexplored "bottom-up" methodological trails), with the goal of promoting the "right to the city". Figure 1- Map of Angola, Hodges (2002:16). COLONIAL ANGOLA [1948-1975] From 1948 (year of the 1st National Congress of Architecture in Portugal) to 1975 (when Angola became independent) the management of urban processes in Luanda was essentially characterized by the domination of a colonial and fascist Portuguese Mother Country. Architects/urban-planners intervened from an ideological and formal insubordination against that conservative State (an authoritarian and corporatist regime ruled mainly by Prime Minister Oliveira Salazar [1889-1970]), applying the late modernist principles of post-industrial Europe1 with a Brazilian influence and tropical expression. -
About Portuguese Explorers
CK_5_TH_HG_P104_230.QXD 2/14/06 2:22 PM Page 146 III. European Exploration, Trade, and the Clash of Cultures Indochina is the name given to the peninsula in Southeast Asia that lies Teaching Idea between China and India. Today, the nations of Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Create an overhead from Instructional Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam occupy the peninsula. The French gained control Master 19, South Asia, to orient stu- of the eastern part of the peninsula in the 1800s, and in 1887 united Vietnam, dents to the area of the spice trade. Cambodia, and Laos into French Indochina. The French lost control of the area Have students locate each of the impor- to the Japanese in World War II but later regained control of some areas. The tant areas in relation to one another: countries of French Indochina all gained their independence in the 1950s. the Moluccas, Indochina, the Malay The Malay Peninsula is the southernmost peninsula in Asia. West Malaysia Peninsula, and the Philippines. Then, and southwest Thailand share the area. The island of Singapore lies to its south. have students use an atlas or encyclo- To the west are the Andaman Sea (part of the Indian Ocean) and the Strait of pedia to find out what nation each area Malacca. To the east lie the Gulf of Thailand and the South China Sea. The is part of today. Portuguese took control of part of the peninsula in 1511 but lost it to the Dutch in the mid-1600s. The British seized sections of the peninsula beginning in 1826. The Philippines is an archipelago, a series of many islands. -
Seventh Grade Social Studies
Seventh Grade Social Studies Activity 1 knoxschools.org/kcsathome 7th Grade Social Studies *There will be a short video lesson of a Knox County teacher to accompany this task available on the KCS YouTube Channel and KCS TV. 7.58 - Analyze why European countries were motivated to explore the world, including religion, political rivalry, and economic gain. 7.59 - Identify the significance of the voyages and routes of discovery of the following explorers by their sponsoring country: England: Henry Hudson, France: Jacques Cartier, Portugal: Vasco da Gama, Bartolomeu Dias, Spain: Christopher Columbus, Hernando de Soto, Ferdinand Magellan, Amerigo Vespucci Task: To make a map and trading cards of explorations of famous explorers and to put them into categories. Directions: Check off the steps below as you complete them. ____ read the passages below ____ annotate as you read ____ answer the questions Historically, most explorations began as searches for new trade routes. However, the discovery of the Americas changed all that. It created new desires in the hearts of kings, emperors and explorers. Land was hard to get in Europe as populations grew as most of it was already claimed. The prospect of vast open lands in the Americas excited sailors and rulers. The lands were reportedly full of rich resources (GOLD) as well. The prospect of land and riches encouraged rulers to put up the money for the journeys in hopes of receiving far more riches in return. Religion (GOD) was another reason for exploration and colonization. When Protestants began the Protestant Reformation the Catholic Church did everything they could to convert new believers to Catholicism. -
Chapter 2 Section 1: Europeans Set Sail Viking Sailors Reach North America the Vikings Were the First Europeans to Make Contact with North America
Chapter 2 Section 1: Europeans Set Sail Viking Sailors Reach North America The Vikings were the first Europeans to make contact with North America. They came from Scandinavia, a peninsula that includes the presentday countries of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. The Vikings were skilled sailors who developed a new style of ship, called the longship, that curved up at both ends. Viking vessels traveled the rough North Atlantic seas better than earlier Ships because their designs were more stable. The Vikings raided countries throughout Europe, but they also developed large trading networks. Viking ships sailed to the British Isles and the Mediterranean and Black seas. Eventually, the Vikings sailed west into the North Atlantic. There they founded a settlement on the Island of Iceland in about 874. More than 100 years later, Viking Erik the Red left Iceland to settle Greenland. Leif Eriksson, the son of Erik the Red, shared his father's love of adventure. In the year 1000, he was sailing from west Norway to Greenland when strong winds blew his ship off course and carried his ship all the way to the North American coast. Eriksson and his crew landed on the Labrador Peninsula in presentday Canada. The Vikings then sailed further south to the island of Newfoundland, and perhaps to what is now New England. According to their myths, Vikings saw forests, meadows, and rivers that held "larger salmon then they had ever seen." Eriksson settled in a coastal area he called Vinland, but the Vikings left after only a few years. Attacks by Native Americans posed a constant threat, and the area may have been too far from other Viking settlements to be supported. -
Portugal, the Age of Exploration, and Engaging the “Other” in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries Peter Ellerkamp [email protected]
History, Department of History Theses University of Puget Sound Year 2016 The First Globalization: Portugal, the Age of Exploration, and Engaging the \Other" in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries Peter Ellerkamp [email protected] This paper is posted at Sound Ideas. http://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/history theses/22 Peter Ellerkamp May 13, 2016 History 400 The First Globalization: Portugal, the Age of Exploration, and Engaging the “Other” in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries In 1463, the Portuguese royal chronicler Gomes Eanes de Zurara completed his Chronica do Descobrimento e Conquista de Guiné, “The Chonricle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea.” In his work, Zurara states five reasons outlining the Portuguese decision to expand from metropolitan Portugal.1 Interestingly, though, Zurara proposes his own sixth reason for Portuguese expansion—“the inclination of the heavenly wheels.”2 It is the transition from this sense of divine will to an agenda distinguished by material realism that defines Portuguese overseas expansion. During the Age of Exploration, the Portuguese hoped to institute trade relations with India and the Orient by finding a sea route around the west coast of Africa. A sea route to Asia would theoretically allow the Portuguese to bypass land-trade through the Islamic controlled Levant, increasing profit margins and avoiding conflict with the Muslim-dominated region. Throughout this period, the Portuguese experienced a series of initial encounters. Opening trade relations and building an empire was a process, not a decision—a process that was defined by the confronting of new peoples whose alien customs often proved tough to understand. Furthermore, language barriers made communication between natives and non- natives complicated. -
Age of Exploration Matching Activity
Name: ______________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: ________ Age of Exploration Matching Activity Match the explorers to the correct descriptions listed below. Label the explorers with the on the map. SPAIN: - Hernán Cortés - Francisco Pizarro - Ferdinand Magellan - Balboa - Hernando de Soto - Christopher Columbus - Martin Alonzo Pinzon - Vicente Yanez Pinzon • _______________________ landed in Mexico & defeated the Aztecs for control. • _______________________ discovered the Pacific Ocean. • _______________________ (b. ? - d. 1493) Sailed with Columbus as captain of the Pinta. He was unwilling to acknowledge Columbus' authority during the famous voyage. He sailed off to make his own discoveries and met Columbus later, only to find the Nina after the wreck of the Santa Maria. He died a disappointed man because he desired the wealth and recognition that was bestowed on Columbus, his rival. • _______________________ (b. 1451 - d. 1506) After securing support from the Spanish monarchs, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, was the first to explore uncharted seas to the west. In four voyages, discovered the Bahamas, Hispaniola, Cuba, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Central America, and South America. He sought passage to the Orient by going west. • _______________________ invaded Inca Empire & defeated them for control of present day Peru. • _______________________ (b. 1461 - d. 1513) Captain of the Nina during the first voyage with Columbus. He was Martin Alonzo's brother, and a respected member of his seafaring family. During the voyage, he remained loyal to Columbus. After the voyage, he resented the fame Columbus received in Spain. • _______________________ (b. 1480 - d. 1521) Portuguese explorer sent to find western route to the Philippines who led the first circumnavigation of the earth by sea for Spain.