Caverns of Antalya

CAVERNS OF ANTALYA

Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK Caverns of Antalya

TURKISH REPUBLIC GOVERNORSHIP OF ANTALYA Provincial Directorate of Culture and Tourism www.antalyakulturturizm.gov.tr

Prepared by Saadet BAYKAN Culture and Tourism Expert

Photo Antalya Provincial Directorate of Culture and Tourism Archive, Ferit ALTÜRK, Abdullah ÇATLI, Demre District Governorship Archive, Seyfi AKSOY, Akseki District Governorship Archive, Akseki Kuyucak Municipality Archive, Haþim YETKIN, Alanya Municipality Archive, Finike Municipality Archive, Mehmet BOYACI, Gündoðmuþ District Governorship Archive, Erol ÞALVARLI, Gökhan TÜRE, Kamil KARAYAZI, Konyaaltý Municipality Archive, Isa ALEMDAR, Ismail ÞEN, Harun TAÞKIRAN, Emrah YEÞIL. D

Publication Kutlu&Avcý Ofset Matbaacýlýk

THEA +90 242 346 85 85 www.kutluavci.com.tr S MASTHEAD Antalya, 2012 MA Caverns of Antalya

Antalya ...... 1 Ibradı ...... 49 INDEX Altınbeşik Cave ...... 51

Akseki ...... 7 INDEX Düdencik Cave ...... 9 Kaş ...... 53 Sakaltutan Cave ...... 10 Inbaş Cave ...... 55 Bucakalan Cave ...... 11 Bayındır Cave ...... 56 Bağırcak Cave ...... 12 Hıdırellez Cave ...... 57 Suini Cave ...... 13 Aşırlı Adası Cave ...... 58 Mavi Cave ...... 59 Alanya ...... 15 Güvercinlik Cave ...... 60 Damlataş Cave ...... 17 Güvercin Ini Cave ...... 61 Dim Cave ...... 18 Kekova Island ...... 62 Kadıini Cave ...... 19 Hasbahçe Cave ...... 20 Kemer ...... 63 Korsanlar Cave ...... 21 Peynirdeliği Cave (Gedelme) ...... 65 Âşıklar Cave ...... 22 Büyük Cavern ...... 66 Fosforlu Cave ...... 23 Derin Cave ...... 67 Rambo Cave ...... 24 Orta Cave ...... 25 Konyaaltı ...... 69 Akyarlar Cave ...... 71 Demre...... 27 Beldibi Cave ...... 72 Çamlıca Cave ...... 29 Korsan Cave ...... 30 Muratpaşa ...... 73 Fener Cave ...... 75 Döşemealtı ...... 31 Karain Cavern ...... 33 Serik ...... 77 Kocain Cave ...... 34 Zeytintaşı Cave ...... 79 Suluin Cave ...... 35 Güvercinlik Cave ...... 36

Finike ...... 37 Suluin Cave ...... 39

Gazipaşa ...... 41 Yalan Dünya Cave ...... 43

Gündoğmuş ...... 45 Çeyiz Deliği Cave ...... 47 Gedefi Cave (Kilise Cave) ...... 48

Caverns of Antalya

Getting Started... is the seals. Mediterranean seal, Mona- INTRODUCTION chus monachus, is one the rarest sea Caves should be protected without ignor- ing that they are real culture properties. mammals and they are critically on the In terms of protecting one of the most verge of extinction. Mediterranean seals, important beauties to be handed down being less than 400, are totally extinct on to the next generations, unauthorized the west Mediterranean coast. They are INTRODUCTION excavations and depredations should be trying to hold on to dear life away from prevented. human constraint in the caves and reefs Caves are areas where life threatening on the Greek and Turkish coasts. Medi- situations may be at stake if not acted terranean seals are protected with the cautiously enough and when necessary international agreements that are also precautions aren’t taken. Risks in the signed by Turkey. There is a notification caves generally originate from the cave of Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, habitat. Yet, in addition to the dangers Agriculture and Livestock in Chapter 5 present in the cave itself, the basic faults of Fisheries Circular stating that “It is to be committed by individuals pose risks forbidden to use lighting, dive with any as well. Insufficient or ragged equip- equipment or fish any fisheries in caves ments, ignorance of boundaries, uncon- trolled actions rank among these basic where seals live.” faults which are absolutely never to be Sea caves located in Antalya Üç Adalar neglected. In order to minimize the risks (Islands), sea caves surrounding Kekova in the cave, speleologists have to take the Island, Mavi Cave near Kaş and other necessary precautions before entering the cave. sheltered caves are actively being used by the Mediterranean seals. These caves In the same manner, cave diving is a in particular have the potential to become type of technical diving which requires breeding caves for seals in winter. Un- competent and disciplined training and fortunately, during the summer season, equipment gains much more impor- tance compared to other types of diving some tour operators and some tourists because of the excess of risks it carries. insensibly enter these caves by diving As it has different standards in terms of or by vessels causing seals to abandon equipment and technicality from open these caves for the summer. Some of the water diving, no matter how much expe- caves are still being abandoned in win- rienced the individual may be, he/she has ter as they are still being considered as to have taken private training. dangerous. Unfortunately, there aren’t The most important element of cave many caves fit for seals to resort, hide diving is the diver to be able to mental- or breed like the aforementioned ones ly control him/herself, to have mental and nuisances to these caves caused by alertness during diving and to be able to people substantially harm the preserva- handle pressure and deal with problems tion works concerning the species and without getting into panic. Therefore, their future. Please don’t enter and warn cave diving is not suitable for all. people who enter these caves which are One other important issue about caves protected by the law.

CAVERNS of ANTALYA 1 Caverns of Antalya Caverns Antalya Clock Tower and Yivli Minaret 22 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya A ANTALYA away fromthe citycentreortoscuba for onetoski at Saklıkentjust50km the seaonbeachside;itis possible same timewhereasonecan swimin seasons canbeexperienced atthe Due toitsgeographicalposition, four Antalya. Dibek NatureReservesarelocatedin tional Park,Alacadağ,Çılkaraand lük Mountain,KöprülüCanyonNa- Altınbeşik Cave,BeyMountains,Gül- 642 km.longcoastline. verdant forestryandriversalongthe mausoleums, bayslikelace,beaches, there areancientcities,docks, clean coastsoftheMediterraneanand possesses themostbeautifuland sea, sun,historyandnature,Antalya muning withenthrallingcohesionof natural beautiesitpossesses.Com- en” owingtothearcheologicaland ntalya isnamedas“EarthlyHeav- MEDITERRANEAN Gates) istheonly citygatethathassur- restaurants. Hadrian’s Gate(TheThree with itsguesthouses,bars,shops and become anattractivecentreof tourism toric HeartofTheCity”Antalya, has centre. Kaleiçi,knownas“The His- have surviveduntiltodayin the town parts ofthecitywallsharbour tower facingtheharbourandsome rian’s Gateandtowersnearit,thebig Only somedungeonsinthecity,Had- drop offa40m.highrockycliff. The watersoftheLowerDüdenFalls from thecitycenteronLararoute. Kırkgöz. LowerDüdenFallsare8km. falls spillingoff20m.highislocatedat city centre.Themainsourceofthe Waterfalls arelocated10km.farfrom courses suitableforrafting.Düden cations. Besides,ManavgatRiverhas is oneofthemostattractiveraftinglo- ries ofKöprülüCanyonNationalPark Köprüçay whichiswithinthebounda- dive atmultiplespotsonthebeachline. Caverns of Antalya

in Karain, the portable artifacts ob- ANTALYA tained in the cave are the primary art- istries embodying Anatolian art. ANTALYA

vived with a tower on either side until Yivli Minaret and Complex, Kesik Mina- present day. ret Mosque, Balbey Mosque, Muratpaşa Mosque, Iskele Mosque, Karatay Ma- Termessos is on a 1050 m. altitude drasah, Ahi Yusuf Mosque and Shrine plateau to the west of Güllük Mountain (Ahi Yusuf Mescidi ve Türbesi) are which is a National Park 34 km south- amongst the important monuments. west of Antalya. The 4200-seat theatre, With its boulevards decorated with Agora, the heroic memorial of Hereon, palms at the town centre, international a Corinthian-style temple, the Temple award-winning marina, Kaleiçi (Old of Zeus, the Lesser and Greater Tem- Town); an adorable historical city with ples of Artemis, the gymnasium and its vernacular architecture and with its the watch towers are the other impor- modern sites; Turkey’s most attrac- tant remains. In addition to this, there tive centre of tourism Antalya hosts are more than 1200 rock tombs and the Aspendos Opera and Ballet Festi- other memorials. val, international beach volleyball, tri- Based on the excavations carried out athlon and golf competitions, archery, in The Karain Cavern, which is one of tennis, skiing and etc. contests, and the greatest natural caves of Turkey, many cultural and artistic activities it is concluded that the premises have like the plastic arts, music, theatre and been used as a living space 500.000 exhibitions thanks to Antalya Culture years ago. It is the biggest cave in Centre inaugurated in 1995.. which humans had dwelled. The cavern was continuously accommodated by early humans during the prehistoric and classic periods starting from lower Paleolithic, medium and high Paleo- lithic, Neolithic, Calcolithic and Ancient Bronze stages. Along with the oldest Anatolian human remains discovered

3 4 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya C CAVE TOURISMINANTALYA frame. Mostof thecavesinprov- made oflimestoneinterms itsmain Mountains. TaurusMountains are cated ontheoutskirtsof Taurus respect tocaveformationand islo- Antalya isaprosperousprovince with been puttoservicebyourministry. guide. Thereare13cavesthathave ment andundertheprovisionofa to beonlyenteredwithspecialequip- caves availableforspecialtygroups, and apartfromthese,therearemany key thathavebeenopenedtotourism m. deep.Thereare30cavesinTur- nirlikönü CaveinMersinwhichis1429 15 km.andthedeepestcaveisPey- Cave inIspartawhichislongerthan Turkey’s longestcaveisPı tions relatedwithspeleology. chambers, societies,clubsandinstitu- eral Research&Explorationandother amined byGeneralDirectorateofMin- Turkey. 1500ofthemhavebeenex- timate ofmorethan20.000cavesin is projectedthattheremaybeanes- of cavesdiscoveredintheseareas,it ered withsolublerockstothenumber tions. Basedontheratioofareascov- is animportantassetofcaveforma- suitable forkarsticdissolutionwhich of ourcountryconsistsbedrock in termsoftourismvariety.40% aves constituteagreatpotential nargözü been openedby localmeans. Some ofthemarecavesthat have and givenapreliminaryexamination. are thecavesthathavebeen located Cave, Hı Cave, GüvercininiSeaIncirli Sea Ası Â Cave, Kadı Cave, Aslanl Tilkiler Cave,MaviDüdensuyu Mahrumçalı Semahöyük Cave,Çimeniçi Gürleyik Cave,DeryaKarataş Küçükdipsiz Cave,Yerköprü ing cavesofthese.Apartfromthese, Konakaltı S to visits.KocainCave,Beldibi are alotofcaveswaitingtobeopened sional visitorswithequipments.There caves whichcanbeseenbyprofes- tic visits.Altı Cave inIbradiarecavesopentotouris- Cave inGazipa Cave inSerikdistrict,YalanDünya Dim CavesinAlanyadistrict,Zeytinta in thecentraldistrict,Damlata ries ofYağ tance. KarainCaverninthebounda- few ofthemhaveinternationalimpor- have beenlocatedinAntalya.Onlya formations. Approximately500caves ince haveevolvedwiththeselimestone ı ş rtlanini Cave,Geyikbayı ı rlı klar Cave,KekovaIslandSea IslandSeaCave,Güvercinlik d Caveareamongstthelead- ı rellez CaveandInbaş ca Villagewhichislocated ini Cave,Korsanlar Cave,Peynirdeliğ ı nbeş (Yaren)Cave,Hasbahçe ş a districtandAltı ik Caveisoneofthe r ı Caveand i Cave, nbeş ş Cave and ik ş ı Caverns of Antalya ANTALYA ANTALYA Alanya Kaş 1 (%2,5) 1 (%2,5) 1 (%2,5) Akseki 1 (%2,5) Döşemealtı 1 (%2,5) Kemer 2 (%5) 9 (%22,5) Demre 2 (%5) Gündoğmuş 2 (%5) Konyaaltı 3 (%7,5) 8 (%20) Finike 4 (%10) 5 (%12,5) Gazipaşa Ibradı Muratpaşa Serik

Chart 1 – Distribution of caves in Antalya by districts

2 (%5)

Land Caves 14 (%35) Sea Caves 24 (%60) Underwater Caves

Chart 2 – Distribution of caves by property

5 6 Akseki

Photo: Abdullah ÇATLI Giden Gelmez Mountains

Photo: Abdullah ÇATLI Galanthus Flower

7 8 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya T Gelmez Mountains, chamoisprotection the galanthusflowerinwinter. Giden eign touristsvisitthedistrict tosee Taurus Mountains.Domestic andfor- outlook pursuanttothedisposition of seki hasaruggedandmountainous he oldestdistrictafterAlanya,Ak- Suini Cave Kuyucak Bağırcak Cave Çınardibi Düdencik Cave Değirmenlik Bucakalan places worthseeing. and Madrasahinthetowncenter are recently discoveredandUlu Mosque 340 m.deepBucakalanCave whichis Plateau, ÇimiIrmak Valley, hunters cancontinuallyhunt, Göktepe and huntingarea-apaidareawhere Sakaltutan Cave Bucakalan Cave Caverns of Antalya AK Düdencik Cave Land Cave AKSEKI üdencik Cave is located on the DBayşekir- Akseki route, 3800 m.

west of Cevizli and next to the forest S road.

Water fills through the vertically de- EK scending mouth of the cave on rainy days. The water disappearing in the cave that is serving as a sinkhole which is filled in during winter months, pours

via the karstic sources into the Manav- I gat River at the Upper Manavgat Basin. It is found during the hydrogeological and karstic studies in 1996. A group of English, French and Turkish speleologists were the first people to go down the cave in August 1967. They reached -330 m. deep in the cave which starts with a 60 m. vertical shaft. The cave re- mained to be the deepest cave of Tur- key until 1989. The cave has been explored and the depth was determined to be 325 m. in a joint activity of Span- ish speleologists and Bogaziçi Univer- sity Speleology Club (BÜMAK).

9 10 CSoCAVERNSCAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya S Land Cave Land Sakaltutan Cave moured thatthebanditshidingin sage onanoldcaravanroute.Itisru- The caveisnamedafteranarrowpas- (Speleology Association). ing toMAD-MağaraAraştırmaDernei Cave ismeasuredtobe303m.according averticalcave,depthofSakaltutan deepest cavesafterDüdencikCave.Be- heard after22seconds.Itisoneofthe ing. Thesoundofastonedropcanbe cave verticallyadvancinganddeepen- ture attachedtoa3m.leftadjacent opened asanuprightcliff,hasastruc- is consistingoftwo300m.deepshafts from Nice-MartelSpeleologyCluband ered byaFrenchspeleologistE.Gilli Sakaltutan Cavewhichwasfirstdiscov- leading toMortaşAluminumMine. route andpassingSüleymaniyeVillage ing withCevizliburgfromtheBayşehir lage onthesideofroaddiverg- akaltutan CaveisinDeğirmenlikVil- on thecaravans. the beardsandfrighteningpeople passage executedthepillagebypulling Photo: Murat ARSLAN Photo: MuratARSLAN Caverns of Antalya AK Bucakalan Cave Land Cave AKSEKI ucakalan Cave, located near Bu- Bcakalan Village, has a depth of 345

m. 300 m. of this is a single ditch. And S there is also another branch descending 192 m. down. The Cave is consid- EK ered to have “the longest ditch”. A team from France reached 305 m. depth in 1992. Hacettepe Speleology Society and Anatolia Speleology Group (Hac- ettepe Üniversitesi Mağara Araştırma Topluluğu ve Anadolu Speleoloji Grubu I - ASPEG) went down the cave by means of a joint study in 2012.

Photo: Akseki District Governorship Archive

Bats (Chiroptera), cave spiders (Ara- nea), cave butterflies (Lepidoptera), cave flies (Diptera) and cave grasshoppers (Rhapdihoporidae) were discovered when the fauna of the Bucakalan Cave was explored. There are a vast number of huge black gastropods around the entrance of the cave and

cave grasshoppers down at 100 m. Photo: Akseki District Governorship Archive

11 12 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya A Land Cave Land Bağırcak Cave and Byzantineperiod.Therearecarv- tant BağırcakCavebelongstoRoman Archeologically distinctiveandimpor- hunters. the unauthorizeddiggingsoftreasure ruined toagreatextentbecauseof a greatextent.Thecavehasalsobeen and thestalagmiteshaveblackenedto as ashelterandchapel,thestalactites Due tothefactthatithasbeenused appear indifferentpartsofthecave. Stalactites, stalagmitesanddripstones tailing soil. with talus,thickcultureandsolutional gallery bedrockofthecaveiscovered differs from3to8metres.Themain a widthof5-9m.Theceilingheight cak towninAksekidistrictanditishas Bağırcak CaveislocatedinKuyu- lso knownasKartalCave,the tine period. ruins belongingtoRomanandByzan- church. Therearetwodifferentchurch In history,thecavehasbeenusedasa by thestructuresinfrontofitaswell. 129 metrelongcavedrawsattention transportation inconveniences,the of Antalyain2004.Regardlessthe Heritage PreservationRegionalBoard first degreebyCulturalandNatural archeologically protectedareainthe It hasbeenofficiallyregisteredas ings andinscriptionsattheentrance. Resim: AksekiKaymakamlığArşivi Photo: KuyucakMunicipalityArchive Photo: KuyucakMunicipality Archive Caverns of Antalya AK Suini Cave dicted to host much more visitors if the Land Cave rest of the cave was to be illuminated. AKSEKI here is an underground stream in The cave is like a cold storage house. In Tthe Suini cave, located in Kuyucak the old times, tulum cheese (bryndza)

town in Akseki district, that is form- and oil were kept here. The cheese S ing ponds and waterfalls. And drip- kept in the cave is tastier than the stone formations are also common in cheese kept in a cold storage room. EK the cave. There are three ponds in the cave. These ponds are three metres wide and three metres long. The cave, drawing attention with its stalactites and stalagmites, is the starting point of Manavgat River and it is one of the I main nourishing sources of the river. Photo: Abdullah ÇATLI The length of the cave is between 390 and 400 m. The cave has been fur- nished with an 80 m. long electrical wiring, yet only the 50-60 m. portion at the entrance can be accessed. Un- der the circumstances, 40-50 visitors come every day and being a stamping

ground of asthma patients, it is pre- Photo: Abdullah ÇATLI

Photo: Abdullah ÇATLI

13 14 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya CAVERNS of ANTALYA 15 Caverns of Antalya Caverns Alanya Alanya Castle Inner Castle 16 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya A lar gatheringplacesfortourists and cafes thatringtheharbourare popu- unique dockyardareworthseeing. The beautiful octagonalRedTower and the remarkablecastle,monumentally citadel datingfrom1226.Apart stands AlanyaCastle,aSeljukera fes, clubsandbars.Onthepeninsula as numerousfishrestaurants,ca- modern hotelsandmotels,aswell with itsbeautifulsandybeaches, lanya isabeautifulholidaycentre MEDITERRANEAN Damlataş Cave Hasbahçe Cave paradise ofsun,seaandsand. is excellentforswimming.Alanya isa Museum. Theseaallaround Alanya Cave. NearthecaveisEthnography area. YoucanalsovisittheDamlataş painted gourdsthatareuniquetothe jewelry, handbagsandtheamusing that offerhandicrafts,leatherclothes, harbour, linedwithmanysmallshops the roadrunsalongcoastto locals. Fromthetownslovelypark, Kadıini Cave Dim Cavern Caverns of Antalya

Damlataş Cave ALANYA Land Cave

amlataş Cave was discovered dur- ALANYA Ding quarrying for stone to be used at a harbour construction in 1948. The cave is on the west coast of the historical peninsula. There is a 50 m. long passage at the entrance of the cave. You come to a cylindrical room after this passage which has a height of 15 m. You can reach the bedrock from there. The stalactite and stalagmites of the cave which is situated in crystallized limestone, have formed in 15 thousand years. The cave is named Damlataş (dripstone) for the water drops that still continue to drip down the stalactites and stalagmites. Besides its marvelous vision, the cave is extremely beneficial for asthmatic patients. There are patients who apply a 21 day treatment under the super- pressure of 760mm. The air in the cave vision of a doctor just by sitting for a contains 71% nitrogen, 20.5% oxygen, certain period of time in the cave. The 0,025% carbon dioxide and a little bit of atmosphere of the cave doesn’t change radioactivity and some ions. Entrance throughout the year; it has 22°C of tem- is fee charged. There is a small bazaar perature, 95% humidity and constant near it and a beach in front of it.

17 18 CSoCAVERNSCAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA I Caverns ofAntalya Land Cave Land Dim Cavern which consistsofstalactitesandsta- a smallpondatthebottomofcave sages are50m.and360Thereis the mountain,lengthofpas- Advancing fromtwopassagesthrough is estimatedtobe1millionyearsold. biggest cavethatisopenedtovisit.It opened tovisitin1998.Itisthesecond based fromsealevelis232m.Itwas east ofAlanya.Theheightthecave high Cebel-iReisMountain12km. t islocatedontheslopesof1,649m cave. Entranceisfeecharged. are shuttlesfromthecitycentreto Alanya Castleonthesameslop.There Stream. Thereispanoramicsceneryof cave fromthepicnicareasnearDim Likewise, youcanhikeuptothe decoration. ladders, resemblesafantasticmovie that canberoamedwiththehelpof lagmites. Theambianceofthecave Caverns of Antalya

Kadıini Cave ALANYA Land Cave ALANYA

ituated about 15 km north-east of They also discovered that these find- SAlanya, at a place called Çatak. ings belonged to the time of 20 thou- There are stalagmites and stalactites sand years ago and the first settle- three times bigger than the ones in ment in Alanya had been here. There Damlataş Cave. In the researches are picnic areas in the vicinity. The carried out in 1957 scientists found cave has not been introduced to visi- some human skeletons and fossils. tors yet.

19 20 CSoCAVERNSCAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya S Land Cave Land Hasbahçe Cave density inthecave,itcausesdizziness. the sulphur.Againduetosulphur goods rottedin1-2monthsbecauseof used inpreservingcitrusfruitsbutthe inside thecave,itwasdesiredtobe been opentovisit.Duethecoolair study hasbeencarriedoutasithasn’t the fillingsingapsofrocks.No trance isblockedatpresentbecauseof holding ontothesidewalls.Theen- scended downona60°or70°slopeby Damlataş Cave.Thecavecanbede- center. It’sfourtimesbiggerthan cave is4km.awayfromthecity ituated inInişdibi,Hasbahçe,the Photo: AlanyaMunicipalityArchive lactites. is endowedwithstalagmitesandsta- plorers whohavebeentothecave,it Depending onthenarrationofex- Photo: AlanyaMunicipalityArchive Photo: AlanyaMunicipalityArchive Photo: Alanya MunicipalityArchive Caverns of Antalya

Korsanlar (Pirates) Cave ALANYA Sea Cave

t is a sea cave situated under the his- ALANYA Itorical peninsula where Alanya Castle is present. You can go there by boat. It is the first stop to be seen on the sightseeing boat tours around the peninsula. It has an entrance 6 m. high and Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK 10 m. wide. You can enter the cave by small boats. to the cave starts at 12 m. depth. There is a really old millstone with 1 m di- ameter right at the entrance. Starting from the entrance, all the stones in the cave resemble a riot of colours. At the inner spaces of the cave, divers can surface and see bats with the help of flashlights. You can still swim to the cave during a sightseeing boat ride. According to a Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK myth, there is a secret passage from inside the cave to the castle and that It is a location suitable for both expe- the pirates of the ancient times carried rienced divers and educative dives. their booty up this passage. The scen- Korsan cave is a spacious and big cave. ery of the stones at the bottom of the There is no real danger. The entrance sea, create a mysterious ambiance.

Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK 21 22 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya A Sea Cave Sea Âşıklar Cave water fromhere. high anditispossibletojump intothe of thecaveinDamlataş’swayis8m. the lowceilingofcave.The opening You occasionallyhavetocrouch dueto lower entrance.Thecaveis75 m.long. tory. Ittakesafewstepstogetthe a boatridetowardsCilvardapromon- by climbinguptheescarpmentafter close tothesea.Youcanentercave on theslopeofhistoricalpeninsula away fromtheAlanyaHarbour.Itis şıklar (Lovers’)Caveis15minutes together without beingnoticed. after thelovers whowantedtobealone It ispresumedthatthecavewas named women prisonershere. cient timesusedtohidetheir booty and According tomyth,piratesof thean- a ship21m.deepdown. ing creatures.Thereisanoldanchorof a richplaceintermsofunderwaterliv- dives. Thebottomsurfaceisrocky.It sional diversandalsoforeducative 10 m.to34m.Itissuitableforprofes- The depthoftheplacechangesfrom Caverns of Antalya

Fosforlu Cave ALANYA Sea Cave ALANYA

t is a cave on the Damlataş side slope divers for all types of diving. It is also Iof the historical peninsula. The dis- suitable for night diving. Resulting from tance to the harbour is 20 minutes boat the geological structure of the cave, the ride. You can enter the cave with small bedrock glares like phosphor thanks to boats. The depth is between 8 m. and the moonlight reflection. The glare can 33 m. It is a rich place in terms of un- be noticed during day time too. The tour derwater living creatures. The place boats take a short break in front of the is available for licensed and trainee cave as well for swimming.

23 24 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA R Caverns ofAntalya Sea Cave Sea Rambo Cave amongst thecavesinAlanya. cave. ItresemblestheDamlataşCave are stalactitesandstalagmitesinthe the sealevelisabout8-10m.There deep. Theheightoftheairspaceabove to fitinthatis6-7m.longand13 a passagewideenoughfor4-5divers filled withairafterswimmingthrough the harbour.Youendupincavehalf Beach. Itis25minutesboatridefrom diving spotanditisclosetoCleopatra Alanya. Itismaybethemostbeloved bour amongstthedivingspotsin ambo Caveisfarthesttothehar- Photo: FeritALTÜRK Photo: FeritALTÜRK Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK Caverns of Antalya

Orta Cave ALANYA Sea Cave ALANYA rta Cave is 12 minutes away from rocky. Grouper, octopus, meager, mo- Othe Alanya Harbour. The entrance ray (eel), bream are amongst the fish of the cave is 15 m deep. The place is that can be seen here. suitable for experienced divers and deep-sea diving. The base structure is

Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK

Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK 25 26 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya CAVERNS of ANTALYA 27 Caverns of Antalya Caverns Demre St. Nicholas Church 28 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya D the theatreareplacesworth seeing. Rock tombs,St.NicholasChurch and of the6citiesLyciancivilization. Finike and48km.farfromKa ş, isone tourism. Demre,25km.awayfrom it isanimportantcityintermsoffaith place whereSantaClaushadlivedand in Antalya,isfamousforbeingthe emre (Myra),alsoknownasKale, Kapaklı MEDITERRANEAN Çamlıca Cave myth andhasbeenkeptup-to-date. became tobeknownasSanta Claus This fameprovidedbyhishelpfulness ing people,especiallykidsand sailors. Nicholas haddevotedhislifetohelp- Widely knownasSantaClaus,St. a connectionwithDemre. Hadrian andhasagranaryinside, Andrieke harbour,whichwasbuiltby Caverns of Antalya DEMRE Çamlıca Cave Land Cave DEMRE ituated in Kapaklı Village in Demre, SÇamlıca Cave is a horizontal cave 80 m. wide and 25 m. high and it is 200 m. north of the sea, 25 m. above the sea level. Sea transportation is available and the cave can be reached after a short walk from the coast. It attracts few visitors as it is above the sea level and there is no land transportation. It generally draws attention of hikers and mountain climbers.

Photo: Demre District Governorship Archive

The water can only be seen through the rocks. The one on the left is much deeper when looked from outside. It Photo: Demre District Governorship Archive has been determined that the passage to the left which is 3 m. wide and The cave diverges into several passag- descending down may be suitable for es. Advancing downwards, the cave de- cave diving. scends to the sea level and therefore there are two separate small ponds and the water of the ponds is salty. There has been a collapse above the pond on the right.

Photo: Demre District Governorship Archive

The walls of the visually most appealing passage that is to the east, are covered with dripstones. Apart from the ponds, the cave is dry and available for Photo: Demre District Governorship Archive touristic purposes.

29 30 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA K Caverns ofAntalya Sea Cave Sea Korsan Cave Cave isoneof themostappealing centuries. Thereforecalledthe “Pirate” used forhidingbypiratesin thepast It isassumedthatthecave had been impression ofacorrosionalcave. smooth outlinesandthusarisesthe karstic structureandthewallshave of thecave,therehappenstobeno Village. Despitethespaciousness Marina -DemreandKekova–Üçağız stone intheregionbetweenÇayağzı It isabeautifulcaveformedinlime- harbour forthoseonTheBlueVoyage. Üçağız Villagewhichisanatural orsan (Pirate)Caveissituatedin was formedbytheseaeroding breaks atKorsanCave.TheCavewhich Çayağazı Marina,takeoneoftheir on boattours.Toursdepartingfrom places fordomesticandforeigntourist fishing boatscan easilyenterthecave. after reachingbyswimming. Small m. wideandcanbevisited upon will calcareous rocks,is10m.high and50 Photo: DemreDistrictGovernorshipArchive Photo: DemreDistrictGovernorshipArchive CAVERNS of ANTALYA 31 Caverns of Antalya Caverns ı şemealt Dö Döşemealtı Carpets Termessos Theatre 32 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA I Caverns ofAntalya has recentlybeen usedbytheYoruks Byzantine, SeljukandOttoman periods, road whichhadserveditspurpose in and Pisidiointheancientera.The paved the roadsconnectingPamphilia cities at theDerbentStraitwhichis oneof t isnamedafterthestonepaved road Yağca Kovanlık Suluin Cave as “Döşemealtı ” (Under-the-paved). (paved) roadandtheplainunder theroad the strait“Döşeme”afterthis şeme” Plateau. Thereforethepeople named and gaveitsnametotheDö şemealtı The roadpavedwithstonesis 4 m.wide (Turkish nomads)asamigration route. Karain Cavern Güvercinlik Cave Antalya Gulf Killik Kocain Mağarası Caverns of Antalya

Karain Cavern D Land Cave he cave is found inside the borders ÖÞ Tof Yağca Village which is at 5 - 6 km. distance to the old Antalya - Burdur

highway, 30 km northwest of Antalya. Þ DÖÞEMEALTI The Karain cave which is one of the greatest natural caves of Turkey, is 150 m high from the travertine valley EMEALT in front, 430-450 m. high from the sea. The cave stands in the period of the beginning of the history of the man- kind, as the cavern was continuously accommodated by early humans during the prehistoric and classic periods starting from lower Paleolithic, medium and high Paleolithic, Neolithic, Calcolithic and Ancient Bronze stages. of the cave is relevant with the Paleo- lithic period. The usage at the classical period is more likely as an Offering Cave (Tem- ple) and there are Greek inscriptions and niches at the cave exterior walls I and ceiling. The archeological findings discovered from the archeological excavations done inside Karain Cave are displayed at the Antalya Museum and at the Karain Museum which is just near the cave.

As a natural result of this, the cavern contains a thick cultural layer which can be 11 meters. But the longest and most important accommodation period

33 34 CSoCAVERNSCAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA K Caverns ofAntalya Land Cave Land Kocain Cave height of80m. of twolargeroomsandhasaceiling The 633m.longcavebasicallyconsists inside, is20m.highand75wide. lagmites andsnow-whiteformations cave withitsgiganticstalactites,sta- The entranceofthenature’swonder gists in1972. Aygen’s teamandFrenchspeleolo- has beencarriedoutbyDr.Temuçin phy). Thefirstspeleologicalresearch ulty ofLanguages,HistoryandGeogra- University, FacultyofHumanities(Fac- by Prof.Dr.I.KılçKöktenofAnkara out duringvariousperiodsafter1946 logical researcheshavebeencarried First discoveredin1919,thearcheo- scriptions. historic findingsandstillreadablein- history andarchaeologywithitspre- tites andstalagmites,Antalya’s of naturewithitsmonumentalstalac- portant cavesreflectingthehistory ocain Caveisoneofthemostim- Christianity. gious functionintheperiodofEarly the caveappearstohavehadareli- from prehistoriceratoByzantineera, lightening thearchaeologyofarea Based onthereadableinscriptionsen- Caverns of Antalya

Suluin Cave D Land Cave uluin Cave is situated at 32 km ÖÞ Snorth-west of Antalya and it is in the borders of Yağca Village in

Döşemealtı. The cave is on the slopes Þ DÖÞEMEALTI descending eastwards of Mount Katran (formerly Mount Sam) and at EMEALT a point close to the intersection point Photo: Harun TAŞKIRAN of the mount and the plain. Formed in cretaceous limestone, Suluin Cave is 1 ground is covered with blocks of lime- km. north-east of Karain Cave. It is 320 stone. m. above the sea level and 20 m. above Archaeological excavations have been the plain in front of it. It is nearby the carried out under the supervision of springs known as Kırkgöz. Prof. Dr. Harun Taşkıran from Ankara University since 2007. The excavations carried out at the entrance perforation reveal that the cave had been inhabit- ed during Mid-Chalcolithic period. Su- luin Cave is important in terms of indi- cating that mound settlement starting right from the north of Çubuk Strait was also present in caves around Su- luin area in Chalcolithic period. I

Photo: Harun TAŞKIRAN

Consisting of a single gallery, the entrance of the cave faces east and there is a pond at the bottom. The ceiling advancing east has suffered collapses now and then and surface of the Photo: Harun TAŞKIRAN

35 36 CSoCAVERNSCAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya G ponds downatthebottomofcave. widens inwards.Therearewater The cavehasanarrowentranceand mon placeforthosewillingtocooloff. walk takingthepathway.Itisacom- The cavecanbereachedaftera150m. and ontheslopesofTaurusMountains. Land Cave Land Güvercinlik Cave ed inKovanlıkVillageDöşemealt üvercinlik (dovecote)Caveissituat- Photo: EmrahYEŞIL Photo: Emrah YEŞIL Photo: EmrahYEŞIL Photo: EmrahYEŞIL CAVERNS of ANTALYA 37 Caverns of Antalya Caverns Finike Marina Photo: Finike Municipality Archive Şekerciler House 38 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA F Caverns ofAntalya existed since5thcentury, is atthe city ruins.Limyra,believed tohave its LimyracityandArycanda ancient and sea.Thecitydrawsattentionwith tourism resortofhistory,nature amous fororanges,Finikeisa MEDITERRANEAN 240 AD. suffered greatlyintheearthquake in survived till11thcenturyalthough she on theKumluca-Finikeroute. Thecity Arycanda is26kmfarfromTurunçova 11th km.ofKumluca-Finikeroute. Suluin Cave Caverns of Antalya

Suluin Cave FINIKE Underwater Cave ituated at the 2nd km of Finike-Kaş FINIKE Sroute, the cave is 18 m. above the sea level and has a total length of 128 m. Suluin cave, known as the longest underwater cave in Asia, has a wide entrance. Constituting a voluminous space, from top to bottom, from left to right, there is a pond at the bottom of the cave. The cave formed with dissolutions underground in ancient times, and then the ceiling collapsed in the following era and thus the cave became available to outer world. The chalk the cave takes place in, is pretty pure and grey and the stalagmites in the caves. coloured. The cave advances down- Based on the research carried out wards right after the entrance and in 1995, the depth of the cave is con- there is a water pond at the bottom. firmed to be 83 m. and that when ad- Due to the moss covering the surface vanced further through the passages; of the pond, it gives the impression one enters a big gallery after around of shallow water but it actually is the 45 m. The walls of the gallery are cov- opening door of the cave advancing ered with stalactites, stalagmites and more downwards to the outer world. travertine pool structures. It has been The cave is one of the underwater observed by the research dives that caves that are presumed to have been there are passages entering and exit- dry earlier because of the stalactites ing the gallery.

39 40 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya CAVERNS of ANTALYA 41 Caverns of Antalya Caverns a ş Gazipa Airport Selinus Ancient City 42 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya G for loggerhead seaturtles(Caretta es areimportant nestinggrounds Iskele (pier),KotuandKahyalar beach- quoise bluebaysandnatural beauties. km. longbeach,forestedlands, tur- Antalya, isaprettytownwith its 10 azipaşa, 180kmeastofthecity MEDITERRANEAN Beyrebucak of thetown. linus ancientcities areintheborders tiochia adCragum,Nephelis andSe- history andnaturalbeauties andAn- commodation andrecreation facilities, favourite touristicresortwith herac- Caretta). Gazipaşaisfastbecoming Yalan DünyaCave Caverns of Antalya

Yalan Dünya Cave G Land Cave ne of the longest caves in the AZIPA Oworld, Yalan Dünya Cave stretch- GAZIPAÞA es out in the Taurus Mountains. Yalan Dünya Cave, approximately 5 million years old, is still a cave alive; the for- mation of the cave is still continuing. The massiveness of the stalactites

as to be healthy for asthma patients. As 400 m. part of the cave is illuminated, it allows visitors to roam com- fortably inside the cave. Þ ÞA The Beyrebucak Village where the cave is located, is run as a recrea- tional resort by the legal entity of the village. But the recreation facilities, cafés, W.C. and the landscape de- and stalagmites indicate the elderli- sign are only supposed to be for the ness of the cave. Located inside the visitors of the cave. Yalan Dünya Cave borders of Beyrebucak Village on the takes place in the area archeologi- Anamur route, the cave is expressed cally protected in the first degree.

43 44 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya CAVERNS of ANTALYA 45 Caverns of Antalya Caverns mu ş ğ Gündo Photo: Gündoğmuş Governorship District Archive Uçansu Waterfalls General view of the town centre 46 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya T centre, theruinsattop of Mount Antalya. CemPaşaMosqueinthetown which issituated182km.away from and vestigeinGündoğmuşDistrict here arealotofancientcity ruins Gedeﬁ Cave Karadere Çeyizdeliği Cave worth seeing. on theGündoğmuş/Antalyarouteare Kazayir CityruinsatTaşağırwhichis Sinek, Alanya/Konyacaravan route, Caverns of Antalya

Çeyiz Deliği Cave G Land Cave ituated in the town centre, the Ü karstic cave is full of stalactites

S GÜNDOÐMUÞ and stalagmites just like Damlataş

Cave in Alanya. Although the humidity NDOÐMU in the air inside the cave is as high as Damlataş, it is much colder compared to Damlataş. The cave consists two parts, one a slant entrance and the other a huge gallery. The length is not known for sure as it is not possible to advance because of the narrow passages. It is going to be a major tourist attraction once the cave is illuminated. According to myth, two step sisters Meryem and Güssün live in a house. When they become old enough to get married, the younger sister was asked When the quarrel heats up, Meryem her hand in marriage. The elder took kills Güssün by pushing her into the umbrage at this situation and decides cave. Then she takes Güssün’s dowry to kill her sister. One day while shep- bag in this hole. The people, believing herding, elder sister Meryem starts that Güssün and her dowry bag to be Þ arguing with younger sister Güssün. in the hole, call this cave “Çeyiz Deliği” They start arguing near the cave. (Dowry Hole).

47 48 CSoCAVERNSCAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya T Land Cave Land Gedefi Cave(ChurchCave) the timeofwar.However,due tothe which wasusedasashelter during hidden entriestothechurch cave high and13mlong.Therewere two the people.Itisapproximately 20m. Cave isknownasGedefiDenamong and coveredwithbushes.TheChurch the entranceissubstantiallyforested east ofKaradereVillage.Thetownand on theslopesofmountainto west ofGündoğ he caveislocated5km.north- muş districtand church. ary ofagoddessbeforeitwas useda that thecavewasusedasa sanctu- on theinscriptions,itisunderstood and oneonthewestsidewall. Based carved onthewalls;twoeast of water.Therearethreeinscriptions ing thetimeofwartomeetneed There isawelldugupafterwardsdur- tries havecompletelybeenopenedup. during thesubsequentperiod,en- collapses causedbytheearthquakes CAVERNS of ANTALYA 49 Caverns of Antalya Caverns ı Ibrad General View Ürünlü Village House 50 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA I Caverns ofAntalya Ibradi, whichis inthebordersofPi- The certaindate ofestablishment really low. climate prevails.Butthehumidity is Mediterranean climate,continental level. Thereforeratherthan the mild riod. Thedistrictis950m.abovesea the districtthatbelongtoRomanpe- tral province.Thereareruinsaround bradı is170km.north-eastofthecen- Ormana. the cityisrocky ruinssurrounding is 7km.fromIbradi.Thenecropolis of from IbradiandÜrünlüVillage which is betweenOrmanaMunicipality 2km. Ancient CityofHellenisticperiod which example, thereareruinsofErymna that itdatesbacktoRomanperiod.For ins inandaroundIbradi,itispresumed sidio, isunknown.However,bytheru- Ürünlü Altınbeşik Cave Caverns of Antalya

Altınbeşik Cave IBRADI Underwater Cave

he cave is located at the western IBRADI Tslope of the deep and very steep Manavgat Valley which is to the east of Ürünlü village of Akseki District. It takes about one hour of walking to the cave from the village. The cave, with the total length of 2500 m. has the highest point at +101 meters in respect to the cave entrance. It is a horizontal and partially active cavern. As the lower and medium parts of the cavern are sometimes active, small lakes are formed at the dry seasons most of the time. The upper level tem. This big system pulling Kızılova, is always dry. The air of the cave is very Kambos and Söbücesuyu ends at the humid and the average temperature Altinbeşik - Düdensuyu Cave under is around 16-18ºC. No animal groups the Oruç Sinkhole Cave. Therefore, drawing attention are encountered. this underground water system with a length exceeding 100 km is one of the Altinbeşik Cave is one of the most longest and biggest karst systems of beautiful caves of Turkey. The karstic the world. The stream emerging out topography of the environment and the of the cave is connected underground pine forests exhibit a marvelous spec- with Beyşehir Lake. Because the cave tacle. The cave is at the exit end of a is in water, the cave can be cruised on very long and big underground sys- boats or small boats.

51 52 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya CAVERNSo f ANTALY of ANTALYAA 53 ş Ka Caverns of Antalya Caverns Uzun Bazaar Uzun Bazaar Symbol of Kaş: Bougainvillea Kastelórizo (Meis Island) Harbour 54 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA K Caverns ofAntalya and varietybeautyofhandicrafts. Blue Voyagetotheislandsand nearby into deepanddarkcaves,paragliding, ny, technicallyequippedcave diving you canexploretheecological harmo- river fullofadventure,trekking where underwater diving,canoeridesonthe cultural journeysofhistoricalvalues, ins belongingtoAncientperiodand MEDITERRANEAN and tourismwithsurroundingru- a ş isacentreofresidence,culture Bezirgan Inbaş Cave Hıdrellez Cave the BritishMuseuminEngland. whereas theoriginalisexhibited in monument canbeseeninthe region tant artifacts.Onlythereplica ofthe Monument” isoneofthemost impor- on theseasidearealsovisible. “Harpy acropolis andtheremainsofwall regular citywallremainsonthecity’s ies ofLyciancivilizationandThereare thos isonetheoldestandbiggestcit- The citylocatedinthevalleyofXan- Bayındr Bayındr Cave Caverns of Antalya

Inbaş Cave KA Land Cave KAÞ Þ

Photo: Erol ŞALVARLI

t is a big cave situated on the Bezirgan IVillage shoreline near Kalkan. There is a road that goes all the way to Inbaş Cave.

Photo: Erol ŞALVARLI

Photo: Erol ŞALVARLI 55 56 CSoCAVERNSCAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA I Caverns ofAntalya Land Cave Land Bayındr Cave is asmallcave. lage. Itisalsoknownas“ElifCave”. Village. Thecaveisinthewestofvil- t issituatedinLimanağzıofBayndr Photo: GökhanTÜRE Photo: Gökhan TÜRE Caverns of Antalya

Hıdırellez Cave KA Land Cave KAÞ t is situated at Limanağzı bay in Kaş. IThere is an underground stream flow- ing through the cave. It is known that

there used to be frescoes belonging to Þ first period of Christianity. It is known amongst the people as “Hıdırellez” as it has been visited at the times of Hıdırellez. It is considered to draw more domestic and foreign tourist attraction with environmental planning, restoration of the stairs presumed to be built in the ancient times and the illumination and cleansing of the inte- riors. There are four beach operating man- agements and one hotel at the service on the wonder’s nature bay of Limanağzı which can be reached with Photo: Gökhan TÜRE 15 minutes of boat ride. Domestic and foreign tourists visit the place by coop- on The Blue Voyage anchor at this bay erative boats departing every ten min- as well and visit the Hıdırellez Cave utes from the district marina in 15th which is thought to be belonging to An- May – 15th October period. The boats cient era.

Photo: Gökhan TÜRE 57 58 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya A Sea Cave Sea Aşırl AdasCave lage (Simena). region orwhencomingfromKaleVil- seaport ofDemredistrict,toKekova from Çayağzıbeachwhichisuseda You passbythisseacavewhengoing longing tothirdera. sion oftheseainlimestonebe- beautiful caveformedbytheero- şırl Adas(AIsland)Caveisa Photo: GökhanTÜRE

lize itasaplaceofreproduction. the sealstogiveuponthiscaveuti- Some tourists’visitofthiscavecauses Photo: GökhanTÜRE Photo: GökhanTÜRE Caverns of Antalya

Mavi Cave KA Sea Cave KAÞ avi (Blue) Cave is located 6 km. Maway from Kalkan; 600 m. to Kaputaş Beach and 18 km. from Kaş.

The Fethiye Highway passed over the Þ cave. Mavi Cave was discovered by Geologist Dr. Temuçin Aygen in 1972. It is 50 m. This cave is actively being used by the long, 40 m. wide and 15 m. high. It is Mediterranean seals. It can be a place quite a big cave with different rooms of reproduction especially in winter and passages. The cave, consisting of months. two galleries; inner and outer galleries, takes its name from the blue light entering through the cloisters on the outside. All of the inner galleries that provide an exit to air shaft are dark. There are slight coral formations and variety of creatures in both inner and outer galleries. Depending on the period, school of narwhal shrimps can be seen in the inner galleries. It enables diving opportunities for all divers with both its level of depth and structure.

59 60 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya G Sea Cave Sea Güvercinlik Cave the placeduringsummerseason forted andthesealsarelefttoabandon winter months.Thedovesareuncom- a placeofreproductionespeciallyin iterranean sealsanddoves.Itcanbe The caveisactivelybeingusedbyMed- through thecave. underground streamjoinsthesea a largenumberofwilddoves.Asmall km. fromKalkan.Thiscavehosts üvercinlik (Dovecote)Caveis2 Photo: KamilKARAYAZI sea vesselsorbydiving. due tothetouristsenteringcaveby Photo: KamilKARAYAZI Photo: KamilKARAYAZI Photo: Kamil KARAYAZI Caverns of Antalya

Güvercin Ini Cave KA Sea Cave KAÞ

t is situated 100 m. from Güvercinlik for Mediterranean seals, the seals are ICave. Güvercin Ini (Dove Hole) Cave adversely affected by tourists entering is a small cave with a narrow entry. It the cave by boats or by diving. Þ is approximately 40 m. long. It has a high ceiling. As it is reproduction area

Photo: Kamil KARAYAZI

Photo: Kamil KARAYAZI 61 62 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya T mer months. have tobecarefulwhendivinginsum- in wintermonths.Therefore,thedivers seen. Itcanbeaplaceofreproduction The caveisaplacewheresealscanbe algae, spongesandcorals. cave wherethewallsareadornedwith could harmthelivingorganismsin with adivingfinofcarelessdiver they mustn’tharmtheplace.Astroke What thediversshouldn’tignoreisthat big andasmallone. Sea Cave Sea Kekova Island small caveandithastwoentries,a he cavewhichisnearKaralosa Photo: SeyfiAKSOY Photo: SeyfiAKSOY Photo: Seyfi AKSOY Caverns of Antalya Kemer

Marina

Phaselis

Marina

Chimera

Phaselis Ancient Theatre Phaselis

63 64 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya S of thedistrict.One caneasilyswimatthe harbours andbays ontheindentedcoasts are appealing.Thereplenty of natural the shadeofpinetreeson beaches sea withinthereachofpine treesand ity ofthesea,greennessforests, the sorts ofTurkeyin20yearstime.The limpid- become oneofthemostimportant seare- mer, onceasmallvillageuntil1980’s,has Antalya andwith52km.ofseacost,Ke- ituated 40km.westofthecity Peynirdeliği Cave Gedelma MEDITERRANEAN Av Köşkü(SeljukHunting Mansion). Ekopark (Ecopark),UlupınarveSelçuklu Göynük Canyon,IkizKayalar(Twin Rocks), Adrasan, ÜçAdalar(TheThree Islands), pos AncientCity,Chimaera(burning rock), are: Idryos,PhaselisAncientCity, Olym- interest inrecentyears.Places to beseen Söğüt Cuması,Altnyaka,Dereköydraw main. SafariTourstohighergroundslike park wheretheancientcity’sruinsstillre- places likePhaselisbeach–anational Antalya Gulf Caverns of Antalya

Peynirdeliği Cave (Gedelme) KEMER Land Cave

he cave is located at the Gedelme KEMER TPlateau locality. There is a road connecting Kemer district to Gedelme plateau. A short walk of approximately 4 minutes is necessary to reach to the cave entrance from the village center. There is a historic wall and ruins belonging to Byzantium at 65 m. north of the cave. The total length of the cave is 74 meters and the deepest point in respect to the entrance is at - 19 meters. The cave is dry and is mostly vertical. Most part of the cave is dry. There is only a small lake at the end and the deepest point of the cave. The temperature of the cave is 17ºC in autumn. As the cave entrance is relatively large, cave. The surrounding natural beau- the temperature of the inner cave ties and historic ruins make the cave changes relatively to the conditions of more attractive. open air. There are stalactites, stalag- mite and pillars developed inside the

65 66 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA B Caverns ofAntalya without anylightoronlywithdimlight. are manyseacreaturessurvivingon shining throughtheentrance.There deepest spot,onecanstillseethelight depth differsfrom6to33m.Atthe Sea Cave Sea Büyük Cave in Üçadalar,Kemer,hasadiving üyük Cave(GrandCave),situated Photo: IsmailŞEN should becarriedoutwithgreatcare. shafts inside.Divestakingplacehere ones thatascendandhaveair sea caves,theyespeciallyoptforthe seals. Asthesealschoosetobreedin there areimportanthostsofthecave; like sponges,algae,coralandfish, Apart fromthedwellersofplace Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK Photo: IsmailŞEN Caverns of Antalya

Derin Cave KEMER Sea Cave

ç Adalar (The Three Islands) is an KEMER Üextensive area of diving where nine coral reefs and two underwater caves exist. One of them is Derin Cave. The depth of the cave differs between 5 and 31 m. Just like Büyük Cave, there are many sea creatures surviving on without any light or only with dim light. What the divers shouldn’t ignore is that they mustn’t harm the place. A stroke with a diving fin of a careless diver could harm the living organisms in the Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK cave where the walls are adorned with algae, sponges and corals.

Photo: Ferit ALTÜRK 67 68 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya CAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA 69 Caverns of Antalya Caverns ı Konyaalt Variant Photo: Konyaaltı Municipality Archive Harbour Photo: Konyaaltı Municipality Archive Konyaaltı Beach 70 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA K Caverns ofAntalya altı” whichmeans thecovedown originated from theexpressionof“köy Boulevard. Thename“Konyaalt ı” is and MuratpaşawiththeDumlup ınar bouring KepezwiththeÇakı rlar road the samenameislocated.It is neigh- of Antalyawherethebeach with onyaaltı isthedistrictinwest area isOlbia. name ofthecity situatedinKonyaaltı civilization datingbackto30 B.C., the cia isaneighborofPamphylia. Lycian tions, itisinthebordersofLycia. Ly- ment mappingofAnatolian Civiliza- “Konyaaltı”. Accordingtothesettle- cliffs andreachedthepresentdayas Beldibi MEDITERRANEAN Beldibi Cave Akyarlar Cave Antalya Gulf Caverns of Antalya

Akyarlar Cave K Land Cave ituated 12 km. from Konyaaltı town O Scentre, on the slopes of Bey Moun- tain facing the sea near the Antalya – KONYAALTI

Kemer route, Akyarlar Cave was dis- NYAALT covered during road building works in 1971. The cave stretches by a length of 75 m. to the sea. The entrance of the cave was arranged at the time of dis- covery. I There are different kinds of stalac- the cave. The cave without lighting tites and stalagmites in the cave which is kept open for service with regular draws thousands of foreign visitors. cleaning procedures carried out by There are rock climbing tracks around Konyaaltı Municipality.

71 72 CSoCAVERNSCAVERNS of ANTALYA of ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya T cave isundertheprotectionofAntalya Mesolithic periodswereobtained.The belonging toUpperPaleolithicand At theexcavations,Flintstonestools and Neolithicage. transition periodbetweenPaleolithic tween 1960and1966.Itrepresentsthe Enver Bostancıbytheresearchesbe- cultures wereidentifiedbyProf.Dr. Six layerscontainingtotallyMesolotic in Obavillage. mer, justaftertheÇamdağtunnel.Itis coastal highwaybetweenAntalya-Ke- Land Cave Land Beldibi Cave located atthe40thkilometerof he caveisanunder-rockshelter Müdürlüğü). Directorate ofMuseums(AntalyaMüze CAVERNS of ANTALYA 73 Caverns of Antalya Caverns Hıdırlık Tower Kaleiçi Marina şa Muratpa Clock Tower and Yivli Minaret Kaleiçi Houses 74 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA M Caverns ofAntalya enclosed bytwo citywallsmostlyru- restaurants, guesthouses andbars centre ofentertainmentwithits hotels, 1570, Kaleiçi(OldTown)which isnowa Grand VizierKuyucuMurat Pasha in in KazımÖzalpRoadandwasbuilt by Muratpaşa Mosquewhichislocated and hascoastlineof20km. intotal. established ona8804-hectareland in theSouth.Thecentraldistrictis the westandMediterraneansea trict inthenorth,Konyaaltıdistrict District intheeast,Kepezdis- uratpaşa isneighborofAksu MEDITERRANEAN Antalya Gulf tractions ofthe city. in 130A.D.are amongstthetouristat- honour ofEmperorHadrian’s arrival Tower andHadrian’sGatebuilt inthe lighthouse HıdrlkTower,theClock mosque lateron,2thousand years old but thenbecameachurchand thena Kesik Minaret;onceaRoman temple in thetowncentrenearharbour, structure builtinAntalyaandisnow Yivli MinaretwhichisthefirstTurkish other inland,theoldAntalyahouses, enclosing italongtheshoreand ined; intheshapeofahorseshoe,one Caverns of Antalya

between 4 and 5 m. This place is div- Fener Cave MURATPA Sea Cave ing spot with lots of rooms and different entrances and exits leading to the ener Cave consists of two caves. same spot. It is possible to see differ- You come to the diving spot with a F ent stone formations as well as stalac- boat, first diving depth is about 8-10 m. tites that have formed over the years. MURATPAÞA When you swim towards the cliff, you pass through a gulf wide enough only You have to have a 2 star CMAS diving for one swimmer to fit in and which certificate to be able to dive here. is 45 m long. Ten metres further than the end of the gulf, you reach an air shaft where you can take off your diving regulator and breathe freely. There is another cave called Jesus Cave at the same spot. To be able to reach the cave filled half with saltwater and half freshwater, you have to go 100 m. into the cliffs towards the city. The depth of the cave from ceiling to bottom differs Photo: Isa ALEMDAR Þ ÞA

Photo: Isa ALEMDAR 75 76 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya CAVERNSS of ANTALY of ANTALYAA 77 Caverns of Antalya Caverns Serik Belek Golf Club Aspendos Theatre Gebiz Uçan Waterfall 78 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya C er ofgolfinTurkey. Thereareagreat forests. Belek hosts thebiggestcent- calabrian pine,cedarandblack pine land. Theterritoryiscovered with It isslightlyintheinnerparts ofthe Antalya, itis40km.eastofAntalya. losest districttothecitycentre of MEDITERRANEAN hosts manycultural activitiestoday. present andwith aperfectacoustic, dos Theatre,reachinguntouched to old PamphyliaisnearbySerik. Aspen- Aspendos, themostimportant cityof tels offeringserviceonthecoastline. number ofhugeandcomfortable ho- Akbaş Zeytintaşı Cave Caverns of Antalya

Zeytintaşı Cave S Land Cave SERIK

eytintaşı Cave is located on the ERI Zsouth slopes of Mount Zeytinlitaş which is south-east of Gökçeler Street of Akbaş Village 15 km. away from Serik in Antalya. You can go to the cave by taking the Üründü-Deniz Hill- Kızıllar- Gökçeler- Akbaş road. The cave is 54 km. far from Antalya, 16 km. K from Serik and 10 km. from Aspendos.

two floors; one upper being 136 m. long including the cloisters and the lower being 97 m. long. It is adorned with stalactites, stalagmites and dripstones of all types that are still being shaped. The cave formed on the fault line in the Besides, the ponds amongst the pillars bottom-wise and side-wise surround- make the cave more interesting. It is ing impermeable units in the limestone endowed with unprecedented charac- belonging to the Jurassic Cretaceous teristics with soda straws 0,03 m. wide period. It is 14 m. deep and consists of and 0,70 m long.

79 80 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya FENERCAVE SERIK BELDIBICAVE MURATPAŞA DERINCAVE AKYARLARCAVE KONYAALTI BÜYÜKCAVE KONYAALTI PEYNIRDELIĞICAVE KEMER KEMER KEMER KAŞ KAŞ KAŞ KAŞ KAŞ ALTINBEŞIKCAVE KAŞ KAŞ KAS IBRADI YALANDÜNYACAVE SULUINCAVE GÜNDOĞMUŞ GÜNDOĞMUŞ GAZIPAŞA GÜVERCINLIKCAVE FINIKE SULUINCAVE DÖSEMEALTI KOCAINCAVE DÖSEMEALTI KORSANCAVE KARAINCAVERN DÖSEMEALTI ÇAMLICACAVE DÖSEMEALTI ORTACAVE DEMRE RAMBOCAVE DEMRE FOSFORLUCAVE ALANYA ÂŞIKLARCAVE ALANYA KORSANLARCAVE ALANYA HASBAHÇECAVE ALANYA KADIINICAVE ALANYA DIMCAVE ALANYA DAMLATAŞCAVE ALANYA SUINICAVE ALANYA BAĞIRCAKCAVE ALANYA BUCAKALAN CAVE AKSEKI SAKALTUTANCAVE AKSEKI DÜDENCIK CAVE AKSEKI AKSEKI NAMEOFTHECAVE AKSEKI PROV/DISTR. ZEYTINTAŞI CAVE KEKOVAISLAND KEKOVA ADASISEACAVE GÜVERCIN INISEACAVE ÇAYAĞZIBEACH GÜVERCINLIK SEACAVE MAVI MAĞARA AŞIRLI ADASIDENIZCAVE HIDIRELLEZ CAVE BAYINDIR CAVE INBAŞ CAVE GEDEFI CAVE ÇEYIZ DELIĞICAVE CAVERNS ANDCAVESITUATEDINANTALYA BEYREBUCAK VILLAGE/ALONGTHEANAMURROUTE NEARBY DAMLATAŞCAVEUNDERTHEPENINSULA 4 KM.FROMALANYA,INIŞDIBILOCALITY KAPUTAŞ BEACH–6KM.FROMKALKAN AKBAŞ VILLAGEGÖKÇELER STR. LARA LOCALITY BELDIBI BAHÇECIKSTREET KONYAALTI -KEMERROUTE12THKM. ÜÇ ADALAR(THETHREEISLANDS) ÜÇ ADALAR(THETHREEISLANDS) GEDELMA PLATEUA 2 KM.FROMKALKAN 2 KM.FROMKALKAN LIMANAĞZI BAY BAYINDIR VILLAGE INBAŞ LOCALITY ÜRÜNLÜ VILLAGE EAST OFKARADEREVILLAGE CITY CENTRE CITY CENTRE KOVANLIK VILLAGE YAĞCA VILLAGE KILLIK VILLAGE YAĞCA VILLAGE ÜÇAĞIZ VILLAGE KAPAKLI VILLAGE(TRANSP.BYSEA) 12 MINUTESDISTANCEFROMALANYA NEARBY KLEOPATRABEACH NEARBY KORSANLARCAVE UNDER THEPENINSULAOFALANYACASTLE 15 KM.EASTOFALANYA,ÇATAKLOCALITY 12 KM.EASTOFALANYA CITY CENTREOFALANYA KUYUCAK VILLAGE KUYUCAK VILLAGE BUCAKALAN VILLAGE DEĞIRMENLIK VILLAGE ÇINARDIBI VILLAGE INFO C AVERNCAVERNSS of ANTALY of ANTALYAA 81 Caverns of Antalya Caverns MARINAS ANTALYA ÇELEBI MARINA Mevkii P.K 387 Büyük Liman 07070 Antalya 10 32 59 Fax:(242) 259 10 Tel:(242) 259 [email protected] PORT AKDENIZ MARINA A.Þ. Ortadoðu Liman Iþletmeleri Antalya Büyük Liman Mevkii 07070 13 56 Tel:(242) 259 13 80 - 259 Fax:(242) 259 11 83 [email protected] KALEIÇI YACHT HARBOR Tuzcular Mah.Iskele Cad.No:1 54 55 Tel:(242)248 45 30 Fax:(242)249 [email protected] KEMER Kemer Türkiz Marina 07980 KEMER Tel:(242) 814 14 90-91-92 Fax:(242) 814 15 52 [email protected] ALANYA MARINA Akhan Mevkii Yat Limaný 07400 P.K 535 Tel:(242) 511 34 00 Fax:(242) 512 12 19 [email protected] FINIKE Setur Finike Marina 07740 Finike Tel:(242) 855 50 30 Fax:(242) 855 50 31 [email protected] BUS TERMINAL (Antalya Þehirlerarasý Otobüs Terminali) Tel:(242) 331 12 50 Fax:(242)331 11 81 THE TOURING AND AUTOMOBILE CLUB OF TURKEY (TÜRKIYE TURING VE OTOMOBIL KURUMU - TTOK) Kýþla Mah.47.Sok.Köken Apt.No:5/4 Tel/Fax: (242) 247 06 99 www.turing.org.tr CLUB OF TAURUS NATURE SPORTS (TODOSK) Cumhuriyet Caddesi Elmalý Mah.22 Sk. Ulutaþ Apt. No:10/13 P.K 65007050 Tel:(242)243 85 10 Fax:(242)243 85 40 [email protected] Antalya Airlines IC-Fraport Terminal 1 Passenger Services Tel:(242) 320 63 59 Fax:(242) 330 37 02 Satýþ ofisi Tel:(242) 320 63 67 Fax:(242) 330 37 02 KEMER Yalý Cad. Belediye Turizm Örgütü Binasý No:1/C 07980 Kemer Tel:(242) 814 11 12 Fax:(242) 814 15 36 [email protected] MANAVGAT/ Side Side Cad.No.3/Side Tel:(242)753 12 65 Fax(242)753 26 57 [email protected] TURKISH AIRLINES BUREAU (www.thy.com) KAŞ Cumhuriyet Meydaný No: 7/A 07580 Kaþ Tel:(242) 836 12 38 Fax:(242) 836 16 95 kasturizmdaný[email protected] ALANYA Damlataþ Caddesi No: 81 / Alanya Tel:(242)513 12 40 Fax(242)512 51 40 [email protected] Central Tourist Information Bureau Central Tourist Information 0 179 Tel:(242)241 17 47 Fax:(242)242 Antalya Cumhuriyet Cad. No. 55 Antalya Airport Flight Terminal IC-Fraport International 330 34 19 Tel:(242)330 36 00(1923)- Fax:(242) 330 36 45 TOURIST INFORMATION BUREAUS TOURIST INFORMATION ANTALYA of Culture and Provincial Directorate Tourism Cad. No:31 Anafartalar 78 70 Tel:(242)247 76 60 Fax:(242)248 [email protected] 82 CSoCAVERNCAVERNS ofS ANTALYAo f ANTALYA Caverns ofAntalya www.antalyadt.gov.tr Tel :(242)3444649-Fax:(242)345 6567 Mah. EvliyaÇelebiCad.Eskihal Haþim IþcanKültürMerkeziMuratpaþa Antalya DevletTiyatrosu ANTALYA STATETHEATRE www.antalyasenfoni.gov.tr Fax :(0242)2385232 Tel :(242)2385233 Parký, AntalyaKültürMerkezi Sakýp SabancýBulvarý,AtatürkKültür ORCHESTRA ANTALYA STATESYMPHONY [email protected] Fax: (242)2414717(23) Tel: (242)2414202 Mah. EvliyaÇelebiCad.Eskihal Haþim IþcanKültürMerkeziMuratpaþa ANTALYA STATEOPERA&BALLET www.aro.org.tr Fax:(242) 3229175 Tel: (242)3111130 07100 Antalya Arýtürk SitesiABlok.No:89Kat:1 Demircikara Mah.BurhanettinOnatCad. GUIDES (ARO) ANTALYA THECHAMBEROFTOURIST Fax:(242) 2422693 Tel:(242) 2431934-24396 Kaleiçi Barboros Mah.KandillerGeçidiSok.No.8 [email protected] www.tursab.org.tr AGENCIES (TÜRSAB) ASSOCIATION OFTURKISHTRAVEL [email protected] Tel:(242) 3213995Fax:(242)3215926 Göker Sitesi8/4Antalya Bulvarý 1466Sokak Yeþilbahçe MahallesiPortakalÇiçeði UNION (AKTOB) MEDITERRENEAN TOURISTHOTELIERS Tel:(242) 2487076 Cumhuriyet Cad.No.55Antalya FINE ARTSGALLERY [email protected] Fax:(242)753 2749 Tel:(242)753 1006 Side Museum [email protected] Fax:(242)513 1210 Tel:(242)513 1228 Alanya Museum [email protected] Fax:(242)248 4934 Tel:(242)248 4933 Iskele Cad.No.82Kaleiçi Toy Museum www.akmed.org.tr Fax:(242)243 8013 Tel:(242)243 4274 Kaleiçi Barbaros Mah.KocetepeSok.No:25 Suna InanKıraçMuseum Tel:(242)245 1527 0700 Antalya Haþim IþcanMah.F.ÇakmakCad.No.4 Atatürk’s HouseandMuseum www.antalyamuzesi.gov.tr Fax:(242)238 5687 Tel:(242)238 5688-89 Konyaaltý Cad. Antalya Museum MUSEUMS