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Nomenclatural Novelties in the Orchidaceae from Venezuela and Guyana

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Nomenclatural Novelties in the Orchidaceae from Venezuela and Guyana Nomenclatural Novelties in the Orchidaceae from Venezuela and Guyana GermaÂn Carnevali FernaÂndez-Concha1 and IvoÂn M. RamõÂrez-Morillo Herbario CICY, Centro de InvestigacioÂn Cientõ®ca de YucataÂn, A.C., A.P. 87, Cordemex, MeÂrida 97310, YucataÂn, MeÂxico. [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT. The following represent new speci®c 15 mm thick near apex; apical leaves 12±17 cm taxa in the Orchidaceae from Venezuela: Epiden- long, 15±25 mm wide, elliptic, acute, acuminate, drum cesar-fernandezii Carnevali & I. RamõÂrez, E. margin entire; sheaths 5±6 cm long, tubular, reclinatum Carnevali & I. RamõÂrez, Pleurothallis lo- smooth; in¯orescence 35±55 cm long, terminal on reae Carnevali & I. RamõÂrez, P. escalerensis Car- the mature stem without a spathe, ¯owering once, nevali & C. A. Luer, and P. stellata I. RamõÂrez & paniculate, the primary branches pinnate again in Carnevali. A new nothospecies, Epidendrum the lower ¼ of their length; peduncle 2±4 cm long, 3gransabanensis Carnevali & I. RamõÂrez, is pro- subterete or slightly compressed, surface smooth in posed as the product of the introgression between the lower Ä, becoming laxly verruculose above; pri- Epidendrum ibaguense HBK and E. secundum Jac- mary branches 25±30 cm long, secondary branches quin. A new subspecies, Liparis nervosa subsp. 3±5.5 cm long bearing 5 to 8 ¯owers; bracts of the granitica Carnevali & I. RamõÂrez, is proposed to peduncle 8±11 cm long, ca. 1 cm wide at base, accommodate populations of Liparis nervosa (Thun- very narrowly triangular and acuminate, bracts of berg) Lindley restricted to granitic outcrops in the the primary branches similar to those of peduncle northwestern Guayana in Venezuela. Descriptions, but much smaller, 3±5 cm long; rachis on the illustrations, and discussions of af®nities are pro- branches subterete and slightly angulate, laxly ver- vided for the newly proposed taxa. ruculose; ¯oral bracts 3.8±4.1 mm long, ca. 1 mm Key words: Epidendrum, Guyana, Liparis, Or- wide, narrowly triangular; ¯owers resupinate, rela- chidaceae, Pleurothallis, Venezuela. tively small for the group; sepals green, suffused with honey brown on the apical half, petals trans- Field and herbarium studies of Venezuelan Or- lucent green, the labellum white, suffused with chidaceae relevant to several ¯oristic projects, pri- pink and some areas with a green hue around the marily the treatment for the Flora of the Venezuelan edges of the callosities, column pale pink on the Guayana project (Carnevali et al., 2003), have un- apical half, the basal half dull dark green with dull covered several new taxa. These orchid taxa are maroon tinges dorsally and where it joins the lateral herein proposed as new. sepals; sepals widely spreading, ¯eshy, slightly con- cave along the midnerve on the apical half, dorsally SUBTRIBE LAELIINAE conspicuous and coarsely verruculose; dorsal sepal 11±12 3 2.8±3.1 mm, elliptic spathulate, obtusely Epidendrum cesar-fernandezii Carnevali & I. acute, 5-nerved; lateral sepals 9±11 3 3.5±4 mm, RamõÂrez, sp. nov. TYPE: Venezuela. TaÂchira: elliptic spathulate, obtusely acute, 6-nerved, sub- along road between Rubio and Delicias, 25 km apically with ¯eshy, conical, acute mucro 1 mm above Rubio, SW of Rubio, 23 Aug. 1976, T. long; petals 9.8±10.2 mm long, 0.9 mm wide at Croat & G. Bunting 38489 (holotype, VEN; iso- apex, 0.3 mm wide at the base, thin, ¯exed down- type, MO, isotype fragment, CICY). Figure 1. ward and pendent behind the lateral sepals, 1- Species haec Epidendro goodspeediano A. D. Hawkes nerved, ®liform-oblanceolate, rounded to broadly similis sed ¯oribus multiminoribus; E. agoyanense et E. obtuse at apex, margin entire; labellum 5.9±6.1 3 aguaricoense af®nis sed ovario sepaloque verruculosis dif- 8.9±9.2 mm across the forcefully spread lateral fert; E. densi¯oro af®nis sed labello latiore, petalis pen- lobes, convex in natural position, fused up to the dulis recedit. apex of the column, the margins ®nely ®mbriate, in Epiphytic herbs, to 2 m tall; roots unknown; general outline transversely oblong elliptic, apically stems simple, multifoliate, slightly compressed, to conspicuously but shallowly emarginate, the disk 1 Author to whom reprint requests should be addressed. NOVON 13: 405±418. 2003. 406 Novon Figure 1. Epidendrum cesar-fernandezii Carnevali & I. RamõÂrez. ÐA. Habit. ÐB. Flower in natural position. ÐC. Floral parts, ¯attened with labellum. ÐD. Column and labellum. ÐE. Floral parts ¯attened showing different petal shape. (Based on isotype, T. Croat & G. Bunting 38489, MO.) Drawing by Carlos Yam. Volume 13, Number 4 Carnevali & RamõÂrez 407 2003 Novelties in Orchidaceae Figure 2. ÐA. Epidendrum ibaguense (based on Carnevali et al. 3241, VEN; 70% EtOH CICY). ÐB. Epidendrum 3gransabanensis Carnevali & I. RamõÂrez (based on Carnevali et al. 3239, VEN; 70 % EtOH CICY). ÐC. Epidendrum secundum (based on Carnevali et al. 3240, VEN; 70% EtOH CICY). Drawings by Bruno Manara. bicallose, with 3 prominent blunt keels that run up cies, also from the eastern Amazonian slopes of the to the apex of the labellum, the one in the middle Andes, feature labella with entire margins and thicker and higher; the whole blade 4-lobed, the much more divaricate apical lobes. Epidendrum basal lobes 4.4±4.6 mm long, reniform, basally cor- goodspeedianum, from the western Andes, is also date, the apical lobes ca. 3.5 mm long, ca. 2 mm similar but it is a much larger plant and has larger wide, transversely reniform or subquadrate, the api- ¯owers than E. cesar-fernandezii, with the labellum ces diverging, the basal margins separated from the more than 2.5 cm wide and pedicels of up to 6 cm basal lobes by very narrow sinuses or fused to them; long. column 7.5±8 mm long including the clinandrium, Paratype. VENEZUELA. TaÂchira: Mun. JunõÂn, El ca. 3.5 mm thick at apex; clinandrium obsolete, PlayoÂn, 1115 m, 3 Aug. 2001, C. FernaÂndez 0341 (VEN). margin entire; anther ca. 2 mm long, ovoid-sub- spheric, 4-locular, pollinia 4 of the ``bird-wing'' Epidendrum 3gransabanensis Carnevali & I. type, strongly compressed laterally, the inner ones RamõÂrez, nothospecies nov. TYPE: Venezuela. somewhat smaller and partially fused on their ven- BolõÂvar: road El Dorado±Santa Elena de Uair- tral surface, caudicles smooth, soft, viscidium eÂn, km 138 S of El Dorado, Canaima National transparent; rostellum subapical, cleft, nectary Park, NE Gran Sabana general area, approx. shallow. 68199N, 618259W, shrublands over sandy soils Etymology. The speci®c epithet refers to CeÂsar along the road, in a mixed mosaic along with FernaÂndez, a collector of the paratype of the spe- gallery forests, sandstone outcrops, and boggy cies and an active researcher of the Venezuelan associations, 1500 m, 3 Aug. 1993, G. Car- Andean orchid ¯ora. The hyphen in the epithet is nevali, F. Lorea, N. Warford, B. Whitlock, R. to be maintained, according to Article 60.9 of the Rivero, W. DõÂaz & C. Fleming 3238 (holotype, ICBN (Greuter et al., 2000). VEN; isotype, CICY [70% EtOH]). Figure 2. 3 This new species is similar to Epidendrum den- Hybrid formula: Epidendrum ibaguense HBK si¯orum Hooker, but the labellum is proportionally Epidendrum secundum Jacquin. wider, the margins are more erose, and the ovary Nothospecies intermedia quam Epidendrum ibaguense and outer faces of the sepals are more verruculose. et E. secundum; haec Epidendro ibaguensi similis sed ¯o- The petals are pendulous in the new species where- ribus non resupinatis, sepalis petalisque proportione lat- as they are spreading in E. densi¯orum. The large iore brevioribus, callo crassiore, columna breviore recedit. plants and the general structure of in¯orescences Terrestrial herbs; growing over sandy soils, sun- and ¯owers suggest an af®nity with the Ecuadorian loving; stems, leaves, and in¯orescences indistin- Epidendrum agoyanense HaÂgsater & Dodson and E. guishable from those of Epidendrum ibaguense, aguaricoense HaÂgsater & Dodson, but these spe- ¯owers non-resupinate or rarely resupinate, petals 408 Novon and sepals widely spreading, purple, labellum pur- On the other hand, members of the extremely ple with a yellow callus; dorsal sepal 11.5±12.5 3 dif®cult Epidendrum secundum complex, e.g., E. 3.1±3.5 mm, narrowly elliptic, acute; lateral sepals catillus Reichenbach f. & Warscewicz, E. elonga- 12±13 3 3.7±4 mm, elliptic, oblique, acute; petals tum Jacquin, E. jamesonii Lindley, E. tricallosum 10±11 3 2.3±2.8 mm, narrowly elliptic, acute; la- Schlechter, etc., feature non-resupinate ¯owers and bellum cordiform in general outline, with the mar- a complex callus composed of several to many tu- gins irregularly dentate to erose or even laciniate, bercles and thick, intertwined keels, and a rela- ¯at, 7.5±8 mm long from the apex of the column, tively short column, usually shorter than the label- 3-lobed, 13.5±14 mm wide across the apices of the lum blade and much shorter than the petals and lateral lobes; central lobe 3.7±4 3 8.5±8.7 mm, sepals. Further, the lateral lobes of the labellum broadly obovate, apically emarginate; lateral lobes appear to originate from the sides of the apex of reniform, 0.5±0.66 mm long and wide, ¯abellate the column, not from an independent, free, laminar obovate; disk with a pair of laminar, obovate calli blade, as is the case in the labella found in the at each side of the apex of the column and that can members of the E. ibaguense complex. Good illus- be interpreted as being a continuation of it, and a trations of members of this complex (probably sev- laminar keel running down the center; column eral species on the same plate) are to be found in straight, 0.55±0.65 mm long. Dunsterville and Garay (1979: 224, plate 187) as E.
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