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A Família Orchidaceae No Parque Estadual Da Ilha Do Cardoso, Cananéia, SP

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A Família Orchidaceae No Parque Estadual Da Ilha Do Cardoso, Cananéia, SP REBECA POLITANO ROMANINI A família Orchidaceae no Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, Cananéia, SP SÃO PAULO 2006 REBECA POLITANO ROMANINI A família Orchidaceae no Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, Cananéia, SP SÃO PAULO 2006 REBECA POLITANO ROMANINI A família Orchidaceae no Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, Cananéia, SP Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de MESTRE em BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL E MEIO AMBIENTE, na área de Concentração de Plantas Vasculares. Orientador: Dr. Fábio de Barros SÃO PAULO 2006 Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela Seção de Biblioteca do Instituto de Botânica Romanini, Rebeca Politano R758f A família Orchidaceae no Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, Cananéia, SP / Rebeca Politano Romanini -- São Paulo, 2006. 219 p. il. Dissertação (mestrado)—Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente, 2006 Bibliografia. 1. Orchidaceae. 2. Florística. 3. Mata Atlântica. I. Título CDU 582.594.2 Dedico à minha mãe e à memória de meu pai, que sempre se esforçaram tanto pra ver meus sonhos realizados. “É preciso que haja alguma coisa de flor em tudo.” Vinícius de Moraes Agradecimentos Agradeço, em primeiro lugar, ao Dr. Fábio de Barros, meu orientador, não só por acreditar na minha capacidade de desenvolver um trabalho tão extenso como este, mas também pela paciência, dedicação, amizade, por toda a disposição em colaborar em todas as etapas de meu trabalho e por me iniciar de maneira brilhante nos estudos com Orchidaceae. À Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo por tornar possível o desenvolvimento deste projeto. Ao Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo, especialmente às Seções de Orquidário do Estado e de Curadoria do Herbário, por terem fornecido todas as condições necessárias para a realização deste trabalho. Aos curadores dos herbários SP, ESA, SPSF, MBM, RB, HB, R, UEC e da coleção viva do Orquidário do Estado do Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo. Aos amigos orquidólogos Fábio Pinheiro, Franklin Vinhos, Angélica Barbero, Rogério Suzuki, Vinícius Rodrigues e Ricardo Lourenço, pelo companheirismo, pelo auxílio desmedido nos momentos mais complicados, pelas trocas de idéias que sempre foram de grande valia e pelos deliciosos momentos de descontração. Aos queridos amigos do Orquidário, minhas “tias” Rosana e Helena, Naná, Romário, Diva e Valdir, pelo convívio harmonioso, pela disposição em ajudar em quaisquer circunstâncias e pelos momentos prazerosos que passamos juntos durante esses anos. Aos amigos e companheiros da botânica ou de mestrado, Fátima, Anderson, Klei, Lívia, Juliana, Bia, Gisele, Giseli, Flávia, Berta, Renata, Marília, Paulo, Rafael, Alexandra, Andréa, Eduardo, Sandra, pelas experiências compartilhadas tanto nos momentos de alegria quanto nos de infortúnio e pela motivação freqüente que os encontros proporcionaram. Agradeço em especial, pelo imenso auxílio nas ilustrações aqui usadas, ao Klei Rodrigo Sousa e ao Ricardo Lourenço, não sei o que seria de mim sem esses dois excelentes artistas. Ao Jefferson Prado e à Cintia Kameyama, em especial, pela revisão do resumo e do abstract. A todos os funcionários do Instituto de Botânica que de alguma forma contribuíram para a concretização deste trabalho, Mizué, Maria Cecília, Ana Célia, Teresa, Armando, Marié, Margarida, Lúcia, Luzia, Helvécio, entre outros tantos nomes. Especialmente aos funcionários da Curadoria do Herbário, da Biblioteca e da Pós-Graduação, que tanta paciência tiveram comigo. Aos funcionários do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso pelo apoio sempre acompanhado de sorrisos, muita atenção e humildade. Aos meus familiares, por todo apoio, compreensão e auxílio em todos os momentos. Aos meus amigos do peito que, mesmo sem muito compreender o que acontecia comigo, me apoiaram muito esses anos, principalmente na fase final: Fabíola, Kenjiro, Raquel, Mayumi, Ana Lúcia, Chasta, Luciana, Clebão, Guta, Juliana, Moringão, Tatiana, Val, Pedrinho, Luiz Henrique, Celsão, vocês moram no meu coração! A todos que não estão presentes aqui porque a memória é curta e muitas são as pessoas que me auxiliaram, das mais diferentes maneiras, a vencer mais uma etapa. Sumário Resumo .............................................................................................................................. 1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 1 Introdução .......................................................................................................................... 2 Caracterização da Área ....................................................................................................... 5 1. Aspectos físicos ........................................................................................... 5 2. Vegetação ..................................................................................................... 8 A Família Orchidaceae ....................................................................................................... 10 1. Taxonomia ..................................................................................................... 10 2. Aspectos morfológicos ................................................................................ 13 Materiais e Métodos ........................................................................................................... 15 1. Plantas vivas sob cultivo ................................................................................ 15 2. Levantamento em herbários ......................................................................... 16 3. Coleta e identificação de material botânico ............................................... 16 4. Áreas de coleta .............................................................................................. 17 5. Análise e apresentação dos resultados .......................................................... 20 Resultados e Discussão ...................................................................................................... 21 1. Lista dos táxons inventariados para a Ilha do Cardoso ................................. 21 2. Tratamento taxonômico ................................................................................ 25 Chave para os gêneros ........................................................................... 26 Acianthera ............................................................................................. 32 Anathallis .............................................................................................. 38 Anneliesia .............................................................................................. 42 Aspasia ................................................................................................... 43 Aspidogyne ............................................................................................ 44 Bifrenaria .............................................................................................. 47 Brassavola ............................................................................................ 50 Bulbophyllum ......................................................................................... 53 Campylocentrum .................................................................................. 55 Catasetum .............................................................................................. 58 Cattleya ................................................................................................ 59 Cirrhaea ................................................................................................ 62 Cleistes ................................................................................................... 65 Cochleanthes ......................................................................................... 67 Cranichis .............................................................................................. 68 Cyclopogon ............................................................................................ 69 Cyrtopodium ......................................................................................... 70 Dichaea ................................................................................................ 72 Elleanthus .............................................................................................. 76 Encyclia ................................................................................................ 77 Epidendrum ........................................................................................... 79 Eulophia ................................................................................................ 97 Eurystyles .............................................................................................. 98 Gomesa ................................................................................................... 98 Gongora ................................................................................................ 101 Habenaria .............................................................................................. 102 Hadrolaelia ........................................................................................... 106 Heterotaxis ........................................................................................... 107 Houlletia ...............................................................................................
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