John Ryle, Gustin Willies, Suliman Baldo and Jok Mudut Jok

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John Ryle, Gustin Willies, Suliman Baldo and Jok Mudut Jok A Translation of the Pages (27 – 77) of the Book Entitled (the Sudan handbook) Edited by: John Ryle, Gustin willies, Suliman Baldo and Jok Mudut Jok حون ريل وجاستني ويليس وسليمان بلدو و جوك مدود جوك A thesis submitted in Partial of the requirement for the degree of master in general translation م 8 إدتهﻻل قايل تعايل : )) وما توفيقي إﻻ باهلل عليه توكلت وإليه أنيب (( ))هود من اﻵية (( 9 ذكر وعرفان أشكر هللا العلً القدٌر الذي أنعم علً بنعمة العقل والدٌن , القابل فً محكم تنزٌله "وفوق كل ذي علم عليم " صدق اهلل العظيم ) سورة يوسف اﻵية 76 ( قال رسول اهلل صلي اهلل عليه وسلم ) من صنع إلٌكم معروفا فكافبوه فإن لم تجدوا ما تكافبوه به فادعوا له حتً تروا أنكم كافأتموه ( رواه أبوداؤود وأنثر ثناءا حسنا علً الدكتور/ , الذي أقول له بشراك قول رسول اهلل صلي اهلل عليه وسلم : ) إن الحوت فً البحر, والطٌر فً السماء لٌصلون علً معلم الناس الخٌر ( وأٌضا وفاءا وتقدٌرا وإعترافا منً بالجمٌل أتقدم بجزٌل الشكر لؤلبك المخلصٌن الذٌن لم ٌألو جهدا فً مساعدتً , علً إتمام هذا البحث وكل من قدم لً العون ومد ٌد المساعدة وزودنً بالمعلومات الﻻزمة ﻹتمام هذه الدراسة علً أكمل وجه . وأهدي هذا الجهد المتواضع ... إلً من كلله هللا بالهٌبة والوقار ... إلً من علمنً العطاء بدون انتظار إلً من أحمل اسمه بكل افتخار ... أرجو من هللا أن ٌمد فً عمرك لتري ثمارا قد حان قطافها بعد طوال انتظار ... وستبقً كلماتك نجوم اهتدي بها الٌوم وفً الغد وإلً اﻷبد ... "والدي العزٌز" إلً مﻻكً فً الحٌاة ... إلً معنً الحب والرضً والحنان والتفانً ... إلً بسمة الحٌاة وسر الوجود إلً من كان دعابها سر نجاحً وحنانها بلسم جراحً إلً أغلً الحباٌب " أمً الحبٌبة " إلً إخوتً اﻷعزاء وأساتذتً اﻷفاضل وأصدقابً وكل من ساعد علً إتمام هذا البحث الباحث 01 قائمة المحتويات الموضوع رقم الصفحة اﻷستهﻻل 0 الشكر والعرفان 2 مقدمة المترجم 3 - 6 فهرسة الموضوعات 7 المقدمة: السودان أصبحت دوٌﻻت 8 - 00 رسم خرٌطة السودان 00 - 05 المعرفة المحلٌة والقوة العالمٌة 05 - 20 اﻷرض والماء 20 - 23 الطبٌعة والتارٌخ 23 – 26 الطبٌعة والتكنلوجٌا 26 - 28 السٌطرة علً النٌل 28 - 30 الموارد الطبٌعٌة 30 - 33 المعادن 33 - 34 النفط -34 35 الدول المبكرة علً النٌل 35 - 36 إعادة إكتشاف ماضً السودان القدٌم -36 37 دابرة اﻵثار السودانٌة 37 - 38 الصٌادون والحشود والمزارعون اﻷوابل 38 - 39 الحضارة المدنٌة اﻷولً والعﻻقات مع مصر 39 - 40 قٌام وسقوط مملكة كوش 40 – 44 الممالك المسٌحٌة فً النوبة 44 - 45 مجٌا اﻹسﻻم 45 - 46 شعوب وثقافات البلدٌن )الشمال والجنوب( 47 - 49 الهجرة والتوطٌن 49 - 50 الهوٌات العربٌة فً شمال السودان -50 53 00 مقدمة المترجم هذا البحث أطروحة ترجمة كتاب دلٌل السودان "The Sudan Handbook "لمؤلفٌه جون رٌل وجاستٌن وٌلس وسلٌمان بلدو وجوك مدود جوك, وهو عبارة مرجع ٌضم فً طٌاته كل من تارٌخ وثقافات البلدٌن )السودان ودولة جنوب السودان( متمثﻻ فً الموارد ومصادر الطاقة واﻷجناس التً تقطنها ولهجاتهم واٌضا كٌفٌة قٌام الدولة المسماة )السودان(. وﻷهمٌة ماتضمنه هذا الكتاب قام الدارس بترجمته إلً اللغة العربٌة تعمٌما للفابدة وتتخلص أهمٌة محتوٌات هذا الكتاب فً أمور عدٌدة , منها ماٌلً: ٌغطً الكتاب السودان وجنوب السودان والحدود الشمالٌة والجنوبٌة. وٌضم مقدمة موثوقة للبلدٌن , تم توثٌقها فً تقرٌر تارٌخً عن تطور الدولة. تشمل فصول عن السٌاسة الحالٌة , والدٌن , والتمدن , والثقافة الشعبٌة , والحرب فً الجنوب , ودارفور والعوالم اﻷثرٌة ﻷوابل الدول على النٌل. 02 Translator's introduction This research is a translation of Sudan's Handbook edited by, John Reel, Justin Wills, Sulaiman Baldou and Jook Medoud Jook, a reference that includes both the history and cultures of the two countries (Sudan and South Sudan) represented in national resources, energy sources, The people who lived in, their dialects, as well as how the country so-called (Sudan) established. As the importance of the contents of this book, the researcher translated into Arabic for general benefit, the importance of the contents of this book is eliminated in many ways, including the following: The book covers Sudan, South Sudan and the northern and southern borders. It offer an authoritative introduction to the two countries rooted in an historical account of the development of the state. It includes chapters on current politics, religion, urbanization, popular culture, and the archaeology of the early state on the Nile. 03 حيثيات الترجمة والصعوبات التي واجهت الدارس إطلع الباحث علً النص اﻷصلً "باللغة اﻹنجلٌزٌة" بتمعن ﻹكتشاف معناه ثم ترجمته إلً اللغة العربٌة "اللغة الهدف" مستخدما فً ذلك أسالٌب الترجمة المباشرة وغٌر المباشرة, وفً كل ذلك كان الباحث ٌحلل النص وٌستخلص معناه ثم ٌصوغه فً لغة الترجمة مراعٌا مبادئ الترجمة واﻹلتزام باللغة المستخدمة, لم ٌواجه الباحث مشكﻻت ذات بال فً مجال الترجمة, إل أن هنالك بعض المصطلحات تعود لﻹستخدام المحلً والتً تعتبر مندثرة ,لهذ ركز الدارس علً إختٌار مقابﻻت مفهومة للقراءة للوسط السودانً. 04 Merits of translation and the difficulties faced by the researcher: The researcher studied the original text in English carefully to discover its meaning and then translated it into Arabic, the target language, using direct and indirect translation methods. In all this, the researcher analyzes the text and extracts its meaning and then drafts it in the target language. , The researcher did not face significant problems in the field of translation, but there are some terms related to the local use, which is absent, so the researcher focused on the selection of understandable equivalents to meet the satisfaction of the Sudanese readers. 05 املقدمة : السودان أصبحت دويﻻت جون ريل وجو دتني ويلوس 06 07 08 09 ردم خريطة السودان 21 20 22 . 23 املعرفة احمللوة والقوة العاملوة 24 25 . ﺧﻞ ﻣ ﻞ ﺿ ﻳ ﻳ ﻣﻦ ﺧ ﻖ ﻣ ﻧ وٌلةة . 26 . - . 27 . 28 ﻧﻮ ﻣ ﻣﻦ ﻣ ﺑ ﺿ . 29 2 اﻷرض واملاء : جودتني ويلوس , عمر عجومي & فولوب وينرت : 31 . 30 الطبوعة والتاريح : 32 33 34 الطبوعوة والتكنولوجوا 35 ﺷ ﻣ ﻳ ﻣ ﻳ ﺑ ﺑﻳ ﺑ ﻳ ﺑ ﺗﺑ ﻳ ﻣ ﻳﻳ ھﻣ ﻣﺗ ﻣ ﺳﺑﺑ ﻣ ﻧ ﻣﻧ السوطرة على النول 36 37 38 39 املوارد الطبوعوة 41 40 املعادن 42 النفط 43 44 . الدول املبكرة على النول السودان والنوبة ومصر 45 إعادة اكتشاف ماضي السودان القديم 46 دائرةاﻵثار السودانوة الصوادون , احلشود , و املزارعون اﻷوائل 47 48 احلضارة املدنوة اﻷوىل والعﻻقات مع مصر 49 51 قوا م ودقوط مملكة كوش 50 52 املمالك املسوحوة يف النوبة 53 جميء اﻹدﻻم 54 55 ذعوب وثقافات البلدين )الشمال واجلنوب( 56 57 اهلجرة والتورني وتشكول الدولة 58 59 61 اهلويات العربوة يف مشال السودان ﻣ 60 ھيمﻨوووﻮ ﺗ ﻳﺧﻳ ﺗﺟ ﻣ ﺑ ﻣ ﺷﻣ ﺣﺗ ﺣ ﺛ ﻧﻳ ﺟﻧ 62 63 1. Introduction: Many Sudans John Ryle & Justin Willis The future of Sudan, in the second decade of the twenty-first century, is filled with uncertainty. As of 2011 it ceased to be a unified nation state; and the process of territorial separation of north from south could well be accompanied by a renewal of conflict. The Sudan that was created in the nineteenth century through invasion and imperial rule by Egypt and Britain no longer exists. This represents a radical change. Whatever happens in coming years, however, events will continue to be shaped by the legacy of nineteenth-century state-building, by the conquests that preceded imperial rule and the political projects that followed it in the post-independence era. An understanding of events as they unfold today needs to be informed by a knowledge of what lies behind them: an understanding of the geographical, cultural and histor- ical components of the country that has been created over the past two centuries, and the repeating patterns of state formation and decay which have shaped and been shaped by its political institutions and economic history. In 2004, in order to focus attention on these issues of politics and development in Sudan, the Rift Valley Institute organized the first Sudan field course. The course has been held each year since, then, usually in Rumbek Senior Secondary School, in Lakes State. It consists of a week of intensive teaching covering all aspects of the country and brings together a teaching staff – mostly professional academics, both Sudanese and non- Sudanese – and a student body composed of diplomats, humanitarian workers, development professionals and graduate students from Sudanese universities. The Sudan Handbook reflects the spirit of collective enquiry, diversity of views and sharing of 28 the sudan handbook expertise that has characterized the course from its early days. The Course began at a moment of optimism. By early 2004 it had become clear that, despite many delays, the negotiations in Kenya between the Government of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement, first at Machakos and then at Naivasha, would soon lead to a binding peace agreement. The accords which had already been signed offered a commitment from both sides to a comprehensive political transformation, one that would address fundamental issues of inequality, 64 injustice and popular representation. There seemed a real possibility that the conditions of life for millions of people all over Sudan might be dramatically improved. But it was also clear that the conflicts which had ravaged the country for decades could not simply be wished away by signatures on a peace agreement. These conflicts were the product of long-established patterns of authoritarianism on the part of the Sudanese state that would prove hard to break away from. They were themselves generated or exacerbated by earlier projects of national transformation that had been pursued with little or no regard for the interests and opinions of most of those affected by them. There was clearly a danger that an elite peace agree- ment between the warring parties – the Comprehensive Peace Agreement was finally signed in Naiv asha the following year – might have the same outcome. In 2004 it was already apparent that the oil industry would bring new wealth to Sudan. Oil served both to fuel the war and to create a potential peace dividend, a factor that helped bring the belligerents to the negoti- ating table.
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