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SEPTEMBER 2, 2010 / THE ALABAMA BAPTIST / PaGE 5 For-profit, big business Macon County touted as lead dog in ‘electronic bingo’ race in state By Sondra Washington The Alabama Baptist acon County was not first in Ala- bama to pass a constitutional M amendment allowing bingo gam- bling. Actually it was dead last. But once the amendment was voted into law Nov. 4, 2003, it changed bingo as most Alabamians knew it and created a for-profit Las Vegas-style gambling business that many have tried to imitate around the state. Now the county’s sole casino, VictoryLand in Shorter, is fighting to keep its empire in- A glimpse of tact while Gov. Bob Riley and his Task Force on Illegal Gambling are closing in ready to issue the business a final death blow. VictoryLand Initially Alabama House Bill (HB) 660, Dog racing which would become Macon County’s bin- was legalized go amendment, was introduced to legislators in Macon, in 2003 looking almost identical to the 17 Greene, other laws allowing charitable bingo across Jefferson the state. and Mobile Gambling opponents and supporters counties in worked together to make the bill suitable for Photo courtesy of Montgomery Advertiser the 1970s. both sides. But in what some gambling op- STATe’S LARGEST CASINO — Milton McGregor’s ‘electronic bingo’ casino on the bot- ponents call a “sneaky” last-minute move, tom floor of VictoryLand now sits behind plywood after the entrance points were boarded VictoryLand the bill’s sponsor, former Rep. Johnny Ford, up Aug. 9 following a threatened raid by the Governor’s Task Force on Illegal Gambling. was built of Tuskegee, submitted a new bill. Only a in Shorter few words were changed, yet the bill legal- was the same bill. … Before it could be giv- “IGT is one of the sponsors of the mayor’s in Macon ized a new form of electronic gambling in en to anyone to look at, they voted on it and conference (an event in Las Vegas Ford had County in the state (see Birmingham News article from passed it. Then,within minutes, we found out attended previously as mayor of Tuskegee),” 1984. 2003 for more on the bill, page 7). it was a different bill.” he said. “Jerome Young (who supplied video “We were doing it like traditional types machines at VictoryLand at that time) was in of bingo where you operated it on your own Connecting the dots charge of minority affairs and had a session Birmingham premises … not paying rent for the prem- “I am the representative who wrote and at the conference. had live horse ises, not paying anybody a consulting fee to originated HB 660 (which passed the state “He had a conference on gaming and how racing 1987– run the game, not paying anybody any ex- Legislature on June 11, 2003), the bill that it impacted communities,” Ford said, noting 1992, but all penses and limited on the amount of prizes actually brought electronic bingo to Ala- it was Young and Chuck Brook of IGT who tracks have that could be paid,” Birmingham attorney bama,” Ford told The Alabama Baptist dur- were at the IGT booth in San Francisco. simulcast Eric Johnston said. “Those were three things ing the 2010 legislative session. While Ford said he first saw the “bingo horse, dog taken out by Ford, and he told everyone it “The original intent was just to satisfy the machine” the month after the the Macon racing. senior citizens, but County bingo legislation passed, he had at the same time, I been involved with the company and one its While video realized VictoryLand representatives prior to the legislation pass- poker/gambling was on the verge of ing. machines first closing and losing “I’m responsible for changing the gaming appeared in jobs,” he said. industry in Alabama forever,” Ford said. “The bill I intro- Alabama in the late New level of gambling 1990s, electronic duced said bingo gambling came to could be played in The bill allowed nonprofit organizations VictoryLand any form,” Ford ex- to let other businesses operate the games on in 2003. plained. “I did my their behalf and pay consulting fees for ser- due diligence.” vices related to the games’ operation. It also While representing did not specify what legislative body was The Oasis Alabama at an event responsible for setting cash or prize limits hotel was in San Francisco in associated with the games. built as July 2003, Ford said Johnston said these changes to bingo op- part of the IGT (International erations took the state’s gambling business new casino Game Technology) to the next level. atmosphere Photo courtesy of Montgomery Advertiser introduced him to “Because of the bill that Johnny Ford got in late 2009. JUST THE TRACK NOW — Milton McGre gor, owner of Victory- the machines being passed, they didn’t have any limitations on Land, talks to the me dia Aug. 13, when the Short er facility reopened labeled electronic it,” he said. “VictoryLand … had a big facility after closing to shut down the ‘electronic bingo’ section. bingo. (See ‘Battle,’ page 7) PAGE 6 / THE ALABAMA BAPTIST / SEPTEMBER 2, 2010 Gambling in Alabama Recent debates over gambling ignore Significant moves original purpose of bingo in state related to gambling 1901 By Sondra Washington was being considered that this would Article IV, Section 65 of the Alabama Constitution and Jennifer Davis Rash happen. They didn’t listen. of 1901 prohibits games of chance in the state. Be- The Alabama Baptist “I argued then that if the gambling cause of this constitutional provision, the Legislature ingo may be considered a big- interests got their foot in the door, there cannot simply pass laws that permit types of gam- money game in Alabama today, would be outright gambling, and that’s bling. All legal gambling is allowed only by addi- B but it didn’t start out that way. what we’ve got today,” Ireland said. “It tional constitutional amendments. Also based on this Experts say when legislators began pass- was just a gateway to what we’re facing constitutional provision, the Legislature passed the ing constitutional amendment bills al- right now.” provisions of the Alabama Criminal Code that make lowing the charitable games in 1980, Some state senators and representa- gambling a crime. most Alabamians believed they were tives fighting for legislation to legalize voting for traditional paper bingo not the the electronic slot-type gambling being 1971 so-called electronic bingo being housed labeled electronic bingo admit the gam- Pari-mutuel wagering at dog and horse tracks was in Las Vegas-style casinos that have bling interests are using the constitu- found constitutional in Opinion of the Justices, 251 tried to open across the state. tional amendments permitting bingo in So.2d 741. The Alabama Supreme Court said while While state law prohibits the elec- certain areas to expand gambling in the Section 65 of the constitution prevents the Legisla- tronic slot-type machines that have been state. (For a list of places where bingo is ture from authorizing a lottery, it does not prevent introduced to and pulled from numerous legal, see story this page.) the Legislature from authorizing forms of gambling communities at one time or another over And operations managers at some of that do not constitute a lottery. There is a significant the past seven years, the Poarch Band of the casino-style facilities that were open degree of skill involved in dog and horse racing and Creek Indians currently has three casinos earlier this year told The Alabama Bap- therefore it is constitutional. in Alabama because federal regulations tist that the tiny digital bingo card tucked and laws allow them. (An explanation of Traditional in the corner of the machine’s screen is 1980 how gambling on reservation land func- paper bingo only there “because we have to have that Bingo has always been considered a game of tions will be part of this series in an up- to be legal.” chance. In Act 80-431, Amendment 386 to the consti- coming issue.) They said the spinning symbols are tution, Jefferson County became the first county to Still VictoryLand in Macon County Constitution’s prohibition on lotteries. what matters. “The bingo card is just authorize limited charitable bingo. became the first non-Indian and largest “The gambling interests have taken there because we have to have that in casino in the state when more than 6,000 this narrow exception and tried to drive Alabama.” 1980–2004 machines were added to the already-ex- an armored truck through it by using the But outgoing Attorney General Troy Since that time, there have been 17 additional con- isting facility housing one of Alabama’s names and entities of certain charities King contends the machines really are stitutional amendments that permit bingo in one form four legal dog tracks. It recently shut and introducing slot machines that they playing bingo — at least in some areas or another in various counties and municipalities in down its electronic “bingo” operation to claim are only playing bingo,” Falls said. of the state. Alabama. avoid being raided (see story, page 5). “However, bingo has nothing to do with “The game is playing bingo, but the 1980 — Madison County Wind Creek Casino & Hotel, located on the machines they are using and they are look of the slot machine is just a façade,” 1982 — Montgomery County the Poarch Creek Indian reservation in in violation of the law because they are he said, noting people want slots, so it is 1984 — Mobile County Atmore, is currently the largest casino establishing for-profit businesses instead just to give them what they want.