An Inventory of Invertebrates recorded from

Three Hagges Wood-meadow

During 2016 and Updates on Previous Surveys

Libellula depressa [Broad-bodied Chaser Dragonfly] Tachina fera [a parasitic fly]

Bombus lucorum [White-tailed Bumblebee] Rhagio scolopaceus [a snipe-fly]

A Report to Hagge Woods Trust by Andrew Grayson

The Author: Andrew Grayson Andrew was born in Scarborough on the 14th of June 1962. His entomological interests developed during the late 1960s, and have been maintained more-or-less continuously until the present day. His initial interests were Lepidoptera; however, the majority of his adult work has been with Diptera. Andrew has been a full- time freelance entomological consultant since 2009. His previous profession was in the laundry industry, working for The Ryedale Laundry in Kirkbymoorside from 1978 until 2009. Andrew is the author of two entomological books, viz. Flies in The Yorkshire Museum (Grayson, 1994) and The Horseflies of Yorkshire (Grayson, 1995), and also the author, or co-author, of more than 100 papers published in various scientific journals etc. since 1987. His papers include species new to Britain and new to England, plus notes on exceptionally rare species. Andrew is recognised as the national expert on Tabanidae (horseflies etc.) and Oestridae (bot-flies and Forum at Oxford University Museum of Natural History warble-flies etc.). He is the founder and Scheme in 2010. Andrew’s entomological studies have been Organiser of the national Oestridae Study Group, which carried out on a variety of habitats at many localities was established under the auspices of the Dipterists scattered throughout Britain, but the majority of his Forum, of which Andrew was an inaugural member. His professional entomological surveys have been on other current volunteer posts include Recorder for brownfield land, principally in the Humberside and Insects for the Ryedale Natural History Society, and Teesside regions. Andrew carried out a baseline study Recorder for Diptera for the Yorkshire Naturalists’ of invertebrate assemblages at Three Hagges Wood- Union. Andrew has held both these posts for more than meadow [then known as Three Hagges Jubilee Wood] two decades. Andrew has given various talks to between April and September 2014 (Grayson, 2014). organisations concerned with the natural sciences, the This study was repeated during 2015 (Grayson, 2016) most prestigious being a presentation on the World and 2016 (the current report), and will be repeated Oestridae fauna, which was delivered to the Dipterists annually for at least several more years to come.

Invertebrates on the Front Cover

Libellula depressa [Broad-bodied Chaser Dragonfly]: this conspicuous dragonfly was first recorded around the Pond (Area 10) on 22nd July 2014 by Dave Chesmore. The 2015 sightings included a female ovipositing in the centre of the Pond (Area 10) on 1st July 2015 by Andrew Grayson, who subsequently found a larva there via pond-dipping on 5th May 2016; indeed, fair numbers of adults were reared successfully from the pond during 2016. The individual in the photograph was an immature female at rest on vegetation at the eastern periphery of the Pond (Area 10) on 2nd June 2016.

Tachina fera [a parasitic fly]: this large and conspicuous bristly fly was first recorded on flowers on the margin of the Pond (Area 10) on 7th September 2014. It was subsequently recorded quite widely within the Three Hagges Wood-meadow survey area during 2015. This individual was photographed in the About Thyme Wood (Area 11) on 1st September 2016, and was one of four Tachina fera feeding on the same cluster of flowers.

Bombus lucorum [White-tailed Bumblebee]: this common bumblebee was fairly frequent at Three Hagges Wood-meadow from 2014 to 2016. This individual queen was photographed whilst it investigated potentially suitable nest sites on the mown MG5 Meadow survey compartment (Area 9) on 11th April 2016.

Rhagio scolopaceus [Down-looker Fly]: this conspicuous and locally-common snipe-fly fly typically rests with its head pointing downwards; hence, its common name. It was recorded in small numbers in the southern half of the meadow/plantation area in each of the years 2014, 2015 and 2016. This individual was photographed on a post in the Bodger’s Den (Area 8a) on 2nd June 2016, and was one of a group of three males resting on the same post.

All PHOTOGRAPHS IN THIS REPORT WERE TAKEN BY ANDREW GRAYSON DURING 2016 UNLESS STATED OTHERWISE

An Inventory of Invertebrates recorded from

Three Hagges Wood-meadow

During 2016 and Updates on Previous Surveys

A REPORT TO

Hagge Woods Trust Little Annexe, Estate Office, Escrick, York, YO19 6EA www.haggewoodstrust.org.uk www.threehaggesjubileewood.org.uk Hagge Woods Trust is Registered Charity No. 1151831

BY

Andrew Grayson Invertebrate Consultant, ‘Scardale’, High Lane, Beadlam, Nawton, York, YO62 7SX Email: [email protected]

REPORT SUBMITTED ON

10th August 2017

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ...... 1 SUMMARY ...... 1 THE SURVEY AREA ...... 1 SURVEY METHODOLOGY ...... 2 PRINCIPAL SURVEY REQUIREMENTS ...... 2 SURVEY COMPARTMENTS ...... 3 SURVEY DATES, WEATHER CONDITIONS AND NOTES ...... 3 TARGET ASSEMBLAGES ...... 4 SUPPLEMENTARY RECORDING OF INVERTEBRATES ...... 5 PRESERVATION OF SPECIMENS ...... 5 INCIDENTAL RECORDING OF PLANTS ...... 5 RESULTS ...... 5 INTRODUCTION ...... 5 SPECIES OF NATIONAL CONSERVATION CONCERN ...... 6 SPIE [FORMERLY UK BAP PRIORITY SPECIES] ...... 6 JNCC-LISTED SPECIES ...... 11 DIPTERA NEW TO VICE-COUNTY 61 ...... 14 A RUBY-TAILED WASP NEW TO BRITAIN ...... 14 SUMMARY TABLES OF SURVEY DATA 2016 ...... 15 COMMENTS ...... 21 NOTES ON INVERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGES 2016 ...... 21 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... 21 REFERENCES ...... 22

APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1: PLANS ...... 23 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS ...... 25 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST 2014 to 2016 ...... 81 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016 ...... 100 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA FOR 2016 ...... 114 APPENDIX 6: INVERTEBRATES RECORDED FROM HOLLICARRS WOOD IN 2016 ...... 125 APPENDIX 7: PLANT LIST FOR 2016 ...... 126 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES ...... 127 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC...... 151 APPENDIX 10: SPREADSHEET OF INVERTEBRATE DATA FROM THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW 2016 . . 159 APPENDIX 11: SPREADSHEET OF INVERTEBRATE DATA FROM THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW 2015 . . 196 APPENDIX 12: SPREADSHEET OF INVERTEBRATE DATA FROM THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW 2014 . . 222

Appendices 10 to 12 are not paginated [pages 159 to 253]

1 INTRODUCTION

SUMMARY

This is the author’s third report on the invertebrates of Three Hagges Wood-meadow, which was previously known as Three Hagges Jubilee Wood. The first report (Grayson, 2014) included the results of the inaugural baseline study of invertebrate assemblages which was carried out during 2014. The second report (Grayson 2016) covered the 2015 survey.

The main invertebrate monitoring activities at Three Hagges Wood-meadow during 2014 to 2016 have been Andrew Grayson’s monthly surveys. The results of this systematic monitoring of invertebrate assemblages have been greatly supplemented by the work of other enthusiastic visitors to the recording area, including members of the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union, and Pat and Jim Bone who have made numerous visits to Three Hagges Wood-meadow in order to count butterfly numbers and take photographs of butterflies and other conspicuous invertebrates. Our knowledge of nocturnal moths is principally due to periodic light-trapping carried out by Dave Chesmore and Lin Hawthorne; although, it was unfortunate that Dave Chesmore was unable to carry out any recording during 2016 due to a combination of ill health and inclement weather. On the positive side, our knowledge of the aquatic fauna was greatly improved during 2016 due to the results of pond-dipping carried out by Martin Hammond, Naomi Ewald, Anne Heathcote and Andrew Grayson.

The overall list of invertebrates recorded from Three Hagges Wood-meadow currently stands at 748 species, with 480 species being recorded during 2016, including 227 additions or amendments to the combined list for 2014 and 2015.

In its first year in operation, the Bee Hotel (Area 1a) [photographs on pages 152 and 156 to 158] proved rather successful in attracting nests of target bee and wasp communities, and attracting their parasites, including the ruby-tailed wasp Chrysis corusca, which has not yet been added to the British list; indeed, it’s discovery here is only the second or third British record (D. Chesmore, pers. comm.). Roughly 20% of the numerous holes and canes etc. in the Bee Hotel (Area 1a) were occupied, or filled-in, by bees and wasps during 2016.

The meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) featured a spectacular display of wild flowers during 2014 which was produced by cornfield annuals in the wild flower seed mixes. This abundance of flowers became significantly reduced by 2016. Consequently, 2016 also saw a notable reduction in the numbers of flower-visiting invertebrates such as hoverflies and mining bees on the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) compared with the 2014 monitoring study.

Continuous intensive systematic monitoring of invertebrate assemblages at Three Hagges Wood-meadow is providing much useful data, and would not be possible without funding support kindly provided by the Esmée Fairbairn Foundation. This funding support is a direct consequence of the considerable work and enthusiasm for the Three Hagges Wood- meadow project shown by Rosalind Forbes Adam [chair of the Hagge Woods Trust] and Lin Hawthorne.

THE SURVEY AREA

LOCATION

The extents of the Three Hagges Wood-meadow survey area, and its survey compartments, are marked on a plan in Appendix 1 [page 24]. On a broad scale, Three Hagges Wood-meadow is roughly situated between York and Selby, in the modern county of North Yorkshire. More specifically, Three Hagges Wood-meadow adjoins the eastern side of the A19 road between the villages of Escrick and Riccall, and is situated in the National Grid 1km square SE6239. The approximate central 1m square of the survey area is SE6267039610. Given alternatively, the approximate central latitudinal and longitudinal geographic co-ordinates of the survey area are 53°50’55.96”N 1°02’56.00”W.

Ongoing political decisions have periodically caused re-naming of many areas of Britain, and changes to county boundaries etc.; therefore, in order to maintain continuity in biological recording, the more stable Watsonian vice-county system [devised by Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804-1881) for botanical recording] is generally used for the purposes of all biological recording in Britain. Under the Watsonian vice-county system, the traditional county of Yorkshire is sub-divided into five vice-counties. Three Hagges Wood-meadow is situated in the far western part of Watsonian vice-county 61, which is alternatively known under the vice-county system as South East Yorkshire. 2 BASIC DESCRIPTION AND RECENT HISTORY

The Three Hagges Wood-meadow survey area currently consists of a flower-rich meadow which is planted with seedlings of various tree species [compartmentalized into survey areas 1 to 9], plus smaller areas of land which adjoin the meadow to the west, north and east. The main flower-rich meadow area was formerly arable land, and was planted with a Hordeum vulgare [Barley] crop as recently as summer 2012.

Following the harvest of 2012, the arable field was ploughed and rolled in preparation for sowing flower-rich meadow seed and the subsequent planting of seedlings, which were planted in coups, the first batch being planted during December 2012. Ongoing invertebrate studies at Three Hagges Wood-meadow began in 2014; by which time, the flower- rich meadowland was fully established. This main meadowland was often mown during 2014 to 2016, but not on an industrial scale, and never including mowing of the entire wood-meadow area at any one particular period in time.

The flower-rich meadowland with coups of seedlings has been enclosed by a high fence, which was designed to exclude grazing animals such as deer and rabbits from causing damage to the seedlings. This main flower-rich wood-meadow area currently features the Pond (Area 10) at its northern end, the Bee Hotel (Area 1a) towards its centre, and the Bodger’s Den (Area 8a) towards its southern end.

The invertebrate survey area also includes some areas outside the high fence, viz. strips of land between the high fence and drainage ditches to the north [the North Dyke (Area 13)] and east [the East Dyke (Area 14)]; a small area of well- established woodland featuring glades [About Thyme Wood (Area 11)], plus a strip of land planted with regimented rows of saplings [the A19 Strip (Area 12)]. Many of the trees in the small area of established woodland (Area 11) were felled during 2015, and replaced with saplings of different species.

SURVEY METHODOLOGY

PRINCIPAL SURVEY REQUIREMENTS

Andrew Grayson’s principal survey objectives for 2016 were similar to the requirements for 2014 and 2015, and were as follows:

1. Continuity with the 2014 and 2015 studies was to be maintained by surveying the original compartments via the original methodology. 2. Each compartment was to be visited once a month between April and September, during periods when weather conditions were favourable for recording invertebrates that are active during daytime. 3. Photographs were to be taken of each compartment on each visit, in order to provide good photographic coverage for the year. 4. Whilst on site, focus and time was to be concentrated on satisfactorily investigating the invertebrate fauna within each survey compartment. 5. Particular attention was to be focussed on invertebrate assemblages which are important pollinators, e.g. solitary bees and hoverflies. 6. All conspicuous and easily-identifiable invertebrates were to be recorded, e.g. butterflies. 7. Intensive sweep-sampling via a hand-held net was to be the principal method used in order to obtain invertebrate samples for subsequent critical examination via microscope. 8. Ground-searching methodology was to be used in order to obtain assemblages such as ground beetles and ants. 9. Supplementary records were to be obtained by liaising with specialists, and others, who visited Three Hagges Wood-meadow during 2016 for the purposes of invertebrate recording or photography etc., including members of the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union who visited on the first Thursday of each month between May and September. 10. The Bee Hotel (Area 1a) and Bodger’s Den (Area 8a) were to be individually investigated for invertebrate interest during each monthly survey visit.

3 SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Fourteen survey compartments were created in 2014 in order to facilitate ongoing invertebrate studies. The extents of these survey compartments are shown on a plan in Appendix 1 [page 24]. Descriptions etc. and photographs of the survey compartments are given in Appendix 2 [pages 25 to 80]. The boundaries of the original 2014 survey compartments were adhered to for the 2015 and 2016 surveys, but one change in compartment nomenclature is now desirable, i.e. the Wood (Area 11) is now referred to as About Thyme Wood. This piece of woodland is named after the house known as About Thyme, which adjoins the wood from the south (R. Forbes Adam, pers. comm.).

For the 2016 survey, it was also desirable to differentiate between species recorded on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8), and those recorded in the Bodger’s Den (Area 8a), which was erected on the edge of the MG4 Meadow during the summer of 2015; and also to include, as a separate entity, the Bee Hotel and pile of sand (Area 1a), which was created during the autumn of 2015.

SURVEY DATES, WEATHER CONDITIONS AND NOTES

INTRODUCTION

Each survey compartment was sweep-sampled and ground-searched on a once-monthly basis between April and September 2016 by Andrew Grayson. This surveying was often carried out over more than one day in a month, as it was not generally feasible to complete all the survey tasks in a single day. The 2016 monthly survey dates were: 11th April, 5th and 9th May, 2nd and 6th June, 2nd, 7th and 21st July, 4th and 14th August, and 1st September.

APRIL

All fourteen compartments were surveyed on 11th April. The weather was pleasant, and generally sunny, apart from mid- afternoon, which was decidedly duller. The morning was generally warm with hazy sunshine, becoming sunnier by noon. Winds were generally easterly and cool, being light to light-moderate in strength during the morning, becoming light or still around noon, before strengthening to moderate during the afternoon. The temperatures during the early part of the survey period were a pleasant 16°C, dropping to approximately 14°C by the cessation of the survey.

Following a recent rainy period, there was an unusual quantity of water on site. The Pond (Area 10) was full to the brim, which was probably catastrophic for invertebrates which had made nest holes in its upper banks. Unusually, the ditches held a fair quantity of water. The water in the East Dyke (Area 14) was reasonably static; but the water in the North Dyke (Area 13) was flowing swiftly. Much of About Thyme Wood (Area 11) and MG4 Meadow (Area 8) were covered by temporary pools. Recent molehills were found throughout most of the recording area, and around the entire upper periphery of the Pond (Area 10).

There was a lot of invertebrate activity in About Thyme Wood (Area 11), and many small ground beetles were active on patches of bare earth which had been recently dredged from the North Dyke (Area 13); otherwise, invertebrates were found rather sparingly elsewhere within the recording area. There was no hymenopteran activity around the Bee Hotel (Area 1a), but a few nest holes were present on its adjoining pile of sand.

MAY

The May surveying was carried out over two days; commencing on 5th May, when compartments 3, 4, 10 and 14 were investigated. This was a lovely sunny day with only a few periods of light clouds or wispy clouds. The temperature was a pleasant 16°C at the start of surveying, rising to 19°C by the cessation of the survey. Winds were generally warm, light and southerly, with intermittent periods with no breeze.

The May surveying was concluded on 9th May, which was a very sunny day with only a few traces of wispy cloud. This was an unusually hot day for the time of year, the temperature reaching approximately 25°C. The wind conditions were still, or with light warm southerly breezes. It was noteworthy that the seasonally-wet depressions in the centre of the MG4 Meadow (Area 8) were becoming dominated by Juncus [rushes] and mosses. 4 JUNE

The June surveying was carried out over two days, commencing by investigating compartments 6, 10, 11, 12 and 14 on 2nd June, which was an unseasonably cool day, dull and overcast; and affected by moderately-strong, cold northerly winds. The temperature varied little from circa 12°C.

The June surveying was concluded on 6th June, which was a consistently hot day, averaging 25°C, and rising to 28°C. It was particularly hot on the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9), which had relatively few larger invertebrates, due to the oppressive heat. Wind conditions were still, or with a very light southerly breeze. The sky remained largely blue, with only a trace of wispy cloud.

The dominant flowers on the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) were Ranunculus [buttercups]; but, overall, it was noticeable that Rumex [docks] and grasses had both become tall, and were the most conspicuous plants of the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9). The grass had noticeably grown since the previous visit to Three Hagges Wood- meadow only four days earlier.

JULY

The July surveying was carried out over three days. Compartments 5, 10 and 13 were surveyed on 2nd July, which was a day of sunshine and showers, with roughly equal-length periods of sunshine and cloud. The temperature was an average of 18°C, but felt cooler in the rather consistent moderately-strong westerly breeze.

Compartments 6, 7, 8 and 14 were surveyed on 7th July; which was a very pleasant bright and humid day, with light cloud and light, warm, westerly winds. The temperature remained around 20°C throughout the survey period.

The July surveying was concluded on 21st July; which was a very hot and humid day, with temperatures exceeding 30°C. It was mainly sunny during the morning and mainly cloudy during the afternoon. Wind conditions were still, or with a light southerly breeze. There were rather few invertebrates on the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) apart from conspicuous larger bees and butterflies etc., as it was simply too hot for most temperate invertebrates to tolerate open habitats. The days preceding 21st July were also very hot, and in excess of 30°C.

AUGUST

The August surveying was carried out over two days. Compartments 7 and 10 were investigated on 4th August; which was mainly a hot and sunny day, with a light to moderate westerly breeze, and an average temperature of 21°C. There were some clouds, including darker clouds.

The remaining compartments were surveyed on 14th August; which was a warm and humid day, with alternating periods of sunshine and cloud: more particularly, being mainly light cloud, with some sunny spells. Winds were initially light and westerly, becoming still, or light and northerly, during the afternoon; and the average temperature was 20°C.

SEPTEMBER

All fourteen compartments were surveyed on 1st September; which was bright and sunny, with light cloud, and a light southerly breeze at the commencement of surveying; but, gradually becoming overcast and humid, with an average temperature of 20°C. Unusually, there were no ground beetles on the sandy margins of the Pond (Area 10).

TARGET ASSEMBLAGES

As was the case with the 2014 and 2015 surveys, there were no specific target assemblages for the 2016 survey carried out by Andrew Grayson; although, invertebrate pollinators in general were of interest to Hagge Woods Trust; therefore, the broad target groups remained assemblages such as Aculeata (bumblebees, social bees, social wasps, solitary bees, solitary wasps, ants, etc.), Syrphidae (hoverflies) and Rhopalocera (butterflies).

5 SUPPLEMENTARY RECORDING OF INVERTEBRATES

At the time this report was compiled, records and/or photographs had been received from the following visitors to Three Hagges Wood-meadow during 2016: Pat and Jim Bone, Anna Cabriolu, Terry Crawford, Jim Flanagan, Stuart Foster, Martin Hammond (whose list also included Naomi Ewald and Anne Heathcote), Lin Hawthorne, Andy Millard and Dave Tate. The following people identified material or confirmed identifications, but did not visit the site: Mike Archer, Mike Edwards, Bill Ely, Steve Lane, Matt Smith and Bogdan Wisniowski.

Much of this supplementary recording carried out during 2016 was due to visits to Three Hagges Wood-meadow by members of the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union on the first Thursday in each month between May and September 2016.

In addition to his intensive monthly surveys, Andrew Grayson also recorded invertebrates on a casual basis during organised social events held at Three Hagges Wood-meadow during 2016, and also recorded conspicuous invertebrates from compartments which he was not officially surveying on any given visit.

Pond-dipping for aquatic invertebrates was carried out by Andrew Grayson, Martin Hammond, Naomi Ewald and Anne Heathcote. 2016 was the first year in which pond-dipping had been carried out at the Pond (Area 10), and inevitably, many new aquatic species were added to the site list by this activity.

Unfortunately, principally to Dave Chesmore being unwell during 2016, it was not possible to carry out nocturnal moth- recording on the scale of 2014 and 2015; indeed, the only nocturnal records resulted from Lin Hawthorne running her 15W actinic moth trap on 6th May 2016.

PRESERVATION OF SPECIMENS

The surveys carried out by Andrew Grayson during 2014 to 2016 have inevitably involved the collection of numerous invertebrates. Once identified, some Invertebrate-material was discarded if specimens were in poor condition, or if a species was common in Britain, or plentiful in the samples. Nevertheless, a good proportion of invertebrate-material collected by Andrew Grayson during the 2014 to 2016 surveys has been retained as individually-labelled dry-pinned specimens. Ultimately, these will be deposited in an appropriate museum, or museums. Ichneumon wasps collected during the 2014 to 2016 surveys were preserved by Andrew Grayson as dry-pinned specimens, and have been periodically placed into the collections at Leeds Museum Discovery Centre by Bill Ely.

INCIDENTAL RECORDING OF PLANTS

Many invertebrates obtain nectar and pollen when visiting flowers. The first part of Appendix 2 [pages 25 to 38] cites a few conspicuous plants which were in flower during the 2016 survey visits. Appendix 7 [page 126] contains a summary table of these plants.

RESULTS

INTRODUCTION

The results section of an invertebrate report usually analyses data resulting from the survey, and gives special attention to any species found which may be of national conservation importance according to Government and similar organisations. Whilst it is of interest to the reader that the 2014 to 2016 surveys at Three Hagges Wood-meadow have produced a number of invertebrate species that are currently allocated national conservation statuses, no great emphasis should be placed as yet on the importance of the occurrence of any of these species, as they are mainly currently common and widespread in Britain. Nevertheless, it is customary for reports to initially focus attention on officially-categorized species, regardless of their actual current conservation importance; therefore, they are mentioned here within the results section in rather more detail than they probably deserve. The results section here contains many notes on the current British distribution of various species. These notes were often supplemented by reference to grid maps of records available via the NBN Gateway on the National Biodiversity Network website www.nbn.org.uk. 6 SPECIES OF NATIONAL CONSERVATION CONCERN

Species which are currently statutorily protected are of primary importance. Other species which may be considered are those currently listed in the UK BAP [United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan]; and, more particularly, those which are currently attributed a national conservation status by JNCC [Joint Nature Conservation Committee], or an international conservation status by IUCN [International Union for Conservation of Nature].

Statutorily protected species were listed in Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. The list is updated in quinquennial reviews, and is available via www.legislation.gov.uk .

UK BAP resulted from the UK Government signing the CBD [Convention on Biological Diversity] at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992. The current list of 1,150 UK BAP Priority Species is readily available via the UK BAP website www.ukbap.org.uk . The most recent UK BAP review was in August 2007. The UK BAP lists of species and habitats remain valid; however, there have been changes in terminology etc. since 2012, principally due to devolution. English UK BAP Priority Species are currently alternatively termed SPIE [Species of Principal Importance in England].

JNCC has allocated national conservation statuses to many British invertebrates. These statuses are based upon the collective expert opinion of many specialists. Explanations of JNCC conservation statuses, and listings of the species to which they are currently allocated, are readily available via the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk .

Nationally rare and threatened invertebrates were listed in the Red Data Books (Shirt, 1987; Bratton, 1991) and have been updated by JNCC in national reviews.

Nationally scarce species are listed under various terms in JNCC national reviews. These species are often termed ‘Notable’ or sub-divided into ‘Notable A’ and ‘Notable B’ categories. IUCN categorisation has been adopted for several recent JNCC reviews of species status. Much invertebrate conservation evaluation is based around species which have been categorized in JNCC publications.

Internationally rare and threatened invertebrates are listed in The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, which is readily accessible via www.iucnredlist.org .

The combined 2014 to 2016 survey results from Three Hagges Wood-meadow produced fourteen SPIE [formerly UK BAP Priority Species], and ten species which are currently categorized with a nationally scarce or rare conservation status via JNCC.

SPIE [FORMERLY UK BAP PRIORITY SPECIES]

The combined results of the 2014 to 2016 surveys produced one butterfly and thirteen moths which are currently designated as UK BAP Priority Species in all four countries comprising the UK. As previously mentioned, following devolution, and in relation to England, these species are now alternatively termed as SPIE [Species of Principal Importance in England].

Whilst it is of interest to learn that these insects are designated SPIE [formerly UK BAP Priority Species] status, it is important to understand that, despite declines in some regions, these all remain currently common and widespread species, which do not have any real current conservation value in Britain.

The thirteen SPIE moth species found at Three Hagges Wood-meadow between 2014 and 2016 were chosen by JNCC, along with fifty-seven other common and widespread UK moths, to form a grouped action plan to investigate the causes of decline of widespread moth species. This research aims to investigate the effects on moths of land use policy and management within both rural and urban environments.

Only three SPIE moths were found at Three Hagges Wood-meadow during the 2016 survey. These were found during daylight. Only a single nocturnal light-trapping exercise was carried out during 2016. Further sessions would no doubt have produced more SPIE. 7

TABLE OF SPIE [FORMERLY UK BAP PRIORITY SPECIES] FOUND AT THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW

SPECIES FAMILY ORDER VERNACULAR NAME YEARS Hepialus humuli (Linnaeus) Hepialidae Lepidoptera Ghost Moth 2014, 2015 Scotopteryx chenopodiata (Linnaeus) Geometridae Lepidoptera Shaded Broad-bar [a moth] 2014, 2016 Timandra comae Schmidt Geometridae Lepidoptera Blood-vein [a moth] 2014 Xanthorhoe ferrugata (Clerck) Geometridae Lepidoptera Dark-barred Twin-spot Carpet [a moth] 2014 Arctia caja (Linnaeus) Erebidae Lepidoptera Garden Tiger [a moth] 2015 Spilosoma lubricipeda (Linnaeus) Erebidae Lepidoptera White Ermine [a moth] 2016 Spilosoma lutea (Hufnagel) Erebidae Lepidoptera Buff Ermine [a moth] 2015 Tyria jacobaeae (Linnaeus ) Erebidae Lepidoptera The Cinnabar [a moth] 2014, 2015 Amphipoea oculea (Linnaeus) Noctuidae Lepidoptera Ear Moth 2014 Amphipyra tragopoginis (Clerck) Noctuidae Lepidoptera Mouse Moth 2014 Diarsia rubi (Vieweg) Noctuidae Lepidoptera Small Square-spot [a moth] 2015 Hoplodrina blanda (Denis & Schiffermüller) Noctuidae Lepidoptera The Rustic [a moth] 2015 Hydraecia micacea (Esper) Noctuidae Lepidoptera Rosy Rustic [a moth] 2016 Coenonympha pamphilus (Linnaeus) Nymphalidae Lepidoptera Small Heath [a butterfly] 2015

NOTES ON SPIE [FORMERLY UK BAP PRIORITY SPECIES] FOUND AT THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW

Hepialus humuli [Lepidoptera: Hepialidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Ghost Moth is in the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 71% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Hepialis humuli remains “A common species over much of Britain”. The grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records for the majority of 10km squares. Its Yorkshire status was given by Sutton & Beaumont (1989) as then being “Generally frequent or common throughout the lower land in all five vice-counties, although now less common in the central agricultural areas since the ploughing of pastures and meadows became widespread”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Hepialus humuli was first recorded after dusk on 18th June 2014 by Dave Chesmore at his light-trap situated in the MG4 Meadow (Area 8). Dave Chesmore’s second sighting was far more impressive, and occurred on 16th June 2015, when well in excess of one hundred Hepialus humuli created an incredible mating display at dusk over all parts of the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9): it was also observed in copula on that occasion.

Scotopteryx chenopodiata [Lepidoptera: Geometridae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Shaded Broad-bar moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 73% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Scotopteryx chenopodiata is currently “Widespread and fairly common throughout Britain, inhabiting a range of open habitats”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records for the majority of 10km squares. In relation to Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated “Widely distributed and found in dry grassy areas in all five vice-counties. It can be very noticeable flying in daylight, always in areas of long grass and is also found at light”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow; Scotopteryx chenopodiata was recorded by Dave Chesmore in 2014, and by Andrew Grayson in 2016 [including from a photograph taken by Pat and Jim Bone]. Dave Chesmore’s records were after dusk on 5th July 2014 at his light-trap situated on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8), and during daytime in the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) on 22nd July 2014. Andrew Grayson’s records were from 21st July 2016, when Scotopteryx chenopodiata was seen in Coups 6, 8 and 10 (Area 1), About Thyme Wood (Area 11) and the A19 Strip (Area 12). It was also photographed on the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) on 12th August 2016 by Pat and Jim Bone [det. A. Grayson]. 8 Timandra comae [Lepidoptera: Geometridae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Blood-vein moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 79% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Timandra comae is currently “fairly common in the southern counties of England and Wales but scarcer further north and in Ireland”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it has been recorded in the vast majority of 10km squares in the southern half of Britain, but from very few 10km squares northwards of Yorkshire. Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated that the Blood-vein moth [sub nom. Timandra griseata] was recorded from all five Yorkshire vice-counties, but not west of a conceptual line through Harrogate, Leeds and Sheffield.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Timandra comae was recorded by Dave Chesmore after dusk on 9th August 2014 at his light-trap situated on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8).

Xanthorhoe ferrugata [Lepidoptera: Geometridae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Dark-barred Twin-spot Carpet moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 92% over the last 35 years”. Regarding Britain, the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk currently states that Xanthorhoe ferrugata is “Fairly common throughout”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records from the majority of 10km squares from Yorkshire southwards. The absence of records from various areas northwards of Yorkshire indicates Xanthorhoe ferrugata is more localised in many parts of northern Britain. Regarding Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) then stated it to be “Fairly widely recorded and sometimes common in all five vice-counties”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Xanthorhoe ferrugata was recorded after dusk on 9th August 2014 by Dave Chesmore, at his light-trap situated on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8).

Arctia caja [Lepidoptera: Erebidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Garden Tiger moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 89% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Arctia caja was “Once a quite common moth in most of Britain, it seems to have declined in many places in the last few years”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records for the majority of 10km squares. Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated the Yorkshire records of Arctia caja to be “scattered over all five vice-counties” and noted “it does seem less common than formerly in some areas”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Arctia caja was recorded by Lin Hawthorne on 18th July 2015, from her light-trap situated on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8).

Spilosoma lubricipeda [Lepidoptera: Erebidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the White Ermine moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 77% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Spilosoma lutea is currently “Widely distributed and fairly common over much of Britain”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records from the vast majority of 10km squares. In relation to Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated that Spilosoma lutea was “generally widespread and often common in all five vice-counties”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Spilosoma lubricipeda was found during daylight by Lin Hawthorne on 22nd May 2016, in the Coups 2 & 4 survey compartment (Area 4). 9 Spilosoma lutea [Lepidoptera: Erebidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Buff Ermine moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 73% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Spilosoma lutea currently remains a “common resident in most of Britain”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records from the vast majority of 10km squares in England and Wales: it is apparently less widespread and far more local in Scotland. In relation to Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated that Spilosoma lutea was “Widely recorded and often common over all five Yorkshire vice-counties”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Spilosoma lutea was recorded by Lin Hawthorne on 18th July 2015, from her light-trap on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8).

Tyria jacobaeae [Lepidoptera: Erebidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, The Cinnabar moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 83% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Tyria jacobaeae remains “a fairly common moth in much of Britain”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records for the vast majority of 10km squares in southern Britain, becoming far more restricted to coastal regions northwards of Yorkshire in the east, and northwards of Cumbria in the west. Regarding Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated Tyria jacobaeae was “Locally common on the coast where its familiar striped larvae may be found in great numbers on ragwort. Inland there are fewer records but it is still found locally in all five Yorkshire vice-counties where ragwort is abundant”.

Tyria jacobaeae has been recorded by Andrew Grayson at Three Hagges Wood-meadow on four occasions. The first three occasions were along the A19 Strip (Area 12), where single adults were seen on 12th June 2014 and 9th July 2014, and a single caterpillar was seen on its main food-plant, Senecio jacobaea [Common Ragwort], on 5th August 2014. The final sighting was of an adult along the East Dyke (Area 14) on 10th July 2015. Tyria jacobaeae was not seen during 2016.

Amphipoea oculea [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Ear Moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 71% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Amphipoea oculea still occurs “over much of Britain”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain. Referring to Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) said “There are a few scattered records for this species but it is generally overlooked and some of these records almost certainly refer to other members of the genus”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Amphipoea oculea was recorded after dusk on 9th August 2014 by Dave Chesmore at his light-trap situated on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8).

Amphipyra tragopoginis [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Mouse Moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 73% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Amphipyra tragopoginis is still currently “commonly distributed over most of the British Isles, occupying a range of habitats”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records for the vast majority of 10km squares in southern Britain. In relation to Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated it to be “Frequent to common in all five vice-counties”.

10

Amphipyra tragopoginis is known for its habit of congregating in crevices in buildings and old trees and scuttling away rather than flying when disturbed; hence, its English vernacular name of Mouse Moth.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Amphipyra tragopoginis was recorded after dusk on 9th August 2014 by Dave Chesmore, at his light-trap situated on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8).

Diarsia rubi [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Small Square-spot moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 85% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Diarsia rubi still remains “A common species throughout Britain”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain with records for the vast majority of 10km squares. Referring to Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated Diarsia rubi to be “Widely distributed and generally common in all five vice-counties”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Diarsia rubi was recorded by Dave Chesmore after dusk on 16th June 2015, at his light- trap situated on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8).

Hoplodrina blanda [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, The Rustic moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 75% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Hoplodrina blanda is still currently “common throughout much of England and Wales” but “less so in Scotland”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout Britain, with records for the vast majority of 10km squares in southern Britain. In relation to Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated Hoplodrina blanda to be “Quite widespread”, and noted that nearly all the Yorkshire sites were on relatively low lying land.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Hoplodrina blanda was recorded by Lin Hawthorne on 18th July 2015, at her light-trap situated on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8).

Hydraecia micacea [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Rosy Rustic moth is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of Rothamsted Insect Survey data from 1968 to 2002 providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “common and widespread, but rapidly declining moths – research needed; Declined by 86% over the last 35 years”. According to the UK moths website www.ukmoths.org.uk, Hydraecia micacea is still currently “Common and widespread throughout the British Isles”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be distributed throughout the British Isles, with records for the vast majority of 10km squares. In relation to Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated Hoplodrina blanda to be “widespread and often common in weedy places throughout all five vice-counties”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Hydraecia micacea was recorded by Pat and Jim Bone on 21st August 2016 [photograph on page 137], from the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9).

Coenonympha pamphilus [Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae] According to the JNCC website www.jncc.gov.uk, the Small Heath butterfly is included on the UK BAP list on the basis of a combination of datasets providing evidence to support its inclusion under the criteria of showing a ‘Marked decline in the UK’. UK BAP ‘Evidence for Criteria’ [last updated on 15.12.2010] states “62% decline over 25 years, 1984-2003”. According to the Butterfly Conservation website www.butterfly-conservation.org.uk, Coenonympha pamphilus is still “found throughout Britain and Ireland” although “many colonies have disappeared in recent decades”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it to be recorded from nearly every 10km square in Britain. 11

Regarding Yorkshire, Sutton & Beaumont (1989) stated Coenonympha pamphilus occurs “wherever poor, well drained soils allow growth of suitable fine grasses”, and that this small butterfly is “often common in moorland areas” but “Much less abundant in low highly agricultural areas”.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Coenonympha pamphilus was recorded on the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) on 26th June 2015 by Dave Chesmore.

JNCC-LISTED SPECIES

The results of the 2014 to 2016 surveys produced ten species that hold current JNCC national conservation statuses that are equivalent to nationally scarce or nationally rare categorization. Most of these species have become more frequent or better known in Britain since their British status was designated; therefore, based on current knowledge, any future revision would undoubtedly downgrade their national status. N.B. The JNCC-listed ground beetle Bembidion gilvipes Sturm [Coleoptera: Carabidae] was included in error in the report for 2014 (Grayson, 2014).

TABLE OF JNCC-LISTED SPECIES FOUND AT THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW

SPECIES FAMILY ORDER VERNACULAR NAME OR GROUP YEARS Oxystoma cerdo (Gerstäcker) Apionidae Coleoptera a weevil 2014 Tiphia minuta Vander Linden Tiphiidae Hymenoptera a solitary wasp 2016 Dolichovespula saxonica (Fabricius) Vespidae Hymenoptera Saxon Wasp [a social wasp] 2015, 2016 Bombus rupestris (Fabricius) Apidae Hymenoptera Hill Cuckoo-bee [a bumblebee] 2014, 2015, 2016 Platypalpus articulatus Macquart Hybotidae Diptera a dance fly 2014, 2015 Eudorylas inferus Collin Pipunculidae Diptera a big-headed fly 2016 Eudorylas obliquus Coe Pipunculidae Diptera a big-headed fly 2015 Pipunculus zugmayeriae Kowarz Pipunculidae Diptera a big-headed fly 2016 Norellia spinipes (Meigen) Scathophagidae Diptera a daffodil leaf-mining fly 2016 Helina calceata (Rondani) Muscidae Diptera a muscid fly 2016

NOTES ON JNCC-LISTED SPECIES FOUND AT THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW

Oxystoma cerdo [Coleoptera: Apionidae] Hyman & Parsons (1992) categorized this weevil [sub nom. Apion cerdo] as Notable B; stating it was “Widespread but local in the Midlands and northern England. Also recorded in southern and eastern England, where it is possibly a recent colonist, and North Wales and South West Scotland”. The notes on its habitats and ecology given by Hyman & Parsons (1992) stated “Woodland rides, grassland, hedgerows, floodplain fens and road-side verges. Phytophagous. Associated with Vicia spp., particularly tufted vetch Vicia cracca. On the Continent, this beetle is also found on meadow vetchling Lathyrus pratensis. Larvae occur in the pods”. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows a widespread British distribution, but hardly any coverage in Yorkshire.

Oxystoma cerdo was recorded by Bill Dolling from the meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) at Three Hagges Wood- meadow on 8th July 2014. Bill commented that this weevil was first recorded in Yorkshire as recently as 2006, but is now widespread in the county.

Tiphia minuta [Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae] The solitary wasp Tiphia minuta was categorized by Falk (1991) as Notable B, with the comments that its habitat preferences, “if any, are unclear. Records include heathland, downland and other types of grassland, wooded situations (probably the margins or open rides and clearings) and coastal dunes. There is probably a requirement for animal dung.” On national distribution, Falk (1991) gave a patchy distribution throughout Britain, and stated that its larvae are probably parasitoids of dung beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae). The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows the vast majority of records are from the southern half of Britain.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Andrew Grayson swept a male Tiphia minuta on the MG4 Meadow (Area 8) on 7th July 2016. 12 Dolichovespula saxonica [Hymenoptera: Vespidae] The social wasp Dolichovespula saxonica is a recent colonist to Britain that was unknown in the British Isles prior to 1987. The most recently published JNCC review which included social wasps (Falk, 1991) categorized Dolichovespula saxonica as RDBK – Insufficiently Known, meaning it was then suspected to be a rare recent colonist to Britain that probably qualified for Red Data Book status, but too little information was available to allow for any definitive categorization. Since the publication of Falk (1991), Dolichovespula saxonica has become widespread in Britain, and would undoubtedly be down- graded in any contemporary review of national status. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows it is widely distributed and not uncommon in England and Wales, with the majority of records being from the central part of southern England. Dolichovespula saxonica is one of the tree wasps, whose nests are typically suspended from twigs within foliage.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Andrew Grayson captured a Dolichovespula saxonica worker in About Thyme Wood (Area 11) on 3rd June 2015; then, during 2016, this social wasp established a nest under the roof of the Bodger’s Den (Area 8a) [photograph on page 146]. Andrew Grayson observed approximately ten workers around the nest on both 7th and 21st July 2016.

Bombus rupestris [Hymenoptera: Apidae] Falk (1991) categorized this cuckoo bumblebee as having Notable B national status; and stated it was widely recorded in England and Wales, but very sparingly in Scotland. Falk (1991) also stated it had declined considerably nationally. Bombus rupestris has since undergone a national revival, becoming far more common and widespread in Britain. It would undoubtedly be down-graded in any contemporary review of national status. The current grid map of records on the NBN Gateway shows a widespread distribution throughout England, and also coastal regions of Wales. Bombus rupestris is an inquiline of the common and numerous bumblebee Bombus lapidarius. Inquilinism, or permanent social parasitism, is where the hymenopteran worker caste is lost (Gauld & Bolton, 1988). Falk (1991) stated that Bombus rupestris occurs in a wide variety of open, flower-rich habitats; and suggested management could involve maintaining large expanses of unimproved, open flower-rich habitats, in order to allow high densities of its Bombus lapidarius host to occur.

Bombus rupestris was regularly seen at Three Hagges Wood-meadow during the 2014 to 2016 period. Andrew Grayson recorded Bombus rupestris queens from the following compartments: Coups 6, 8 & 10 (Area 1) on 5th August 2014; Coups 2 & 4 (Area 4) on 15th May 2014; Queen Margaret’s School Oaks (Area 5) on 17th August 2015; Coups 11, 12 & 12a (Area 7) on 23rd April 2014 and 1st July 2015; the MG4 Meadow (Area 8) on 23rd April 2014 and 15th May 2014; the MG5 Meadow (Area 9) on 1st July 2015; the Pond (Area 10) on 1st July 2015; and About Thyme Wood (Area 11) on 23rd April 2014 and 14th August 2016. He also recorded Bombus rupestris males from Coups 6, 8 & 10 (Area 1) on 21st July 2016; Coup 5 (Area 2) on 21st July 2016; Coups 7 & 9 (Area 6) on 7th July 2016; Coups 11, 12 & 12a (Area 7) on 7th July 2016; About Thyme Wood (Area 11) on 5th August 2014 and 14th August 2016; and the North Dyke (Area 13) on 3rd June 2015 and 2nd July 2016. Andy Millard recorded a queen from Coups 11, 12 & 12a (Area 7) on 7th July 2016.

Platypalpus articulatus [Diptera: Hybotidae] Falk & Crossley (2005) categorized this dance fly as Lower Risk (Nationally Scarce), stating a widespread distribution in Britain, with about twenty post-1960 British sites known. Falk & Crossley (2005) were unable to give any information on ecology, although the majority of sites are some form of wetland, including fen and damp heathland. It is reasonable to suppose that drainage and pollution are obvious threats to the larval stage, if Platypalpus articulatus has the typical ecology of its genus. Roy Crossley (pers. comm.) says there are currently about twelve Yorkshire records of Platypalpus articulatus, and that the national designation in Falk & Crossley (2005) was based on the situation twenty years ago, adding that if the status were ever to be revised, it would probably no longer apply, i.e. the research for Falk & Crossley (2005) was completed many years before the book was published, and the species is currently known from additional British sites and areas.

Andrew Grayson swept a female Platypalpus articulatus from the Coups 7 & 9 compartment (Area 6) at Three Hagges Wood-meadow on 8th July 2014: this was the first record of this diminutive fly from Watsonian vice-county 61 (R. Crossley, pers. comm.). Andrew Grayson swept another female Platypalpus articulatus from Coup 5 (Area 2) on 17th August 2015.

13 Eudorylas inferus [Diptera: Pipunculidae] Falk (1991a) allocated nationally Notable status to this big-headed fly. Coe (1966), which is the standard British work on Pipunculidae, enumerated a few British records from southern Britain.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, a female Eudorylas inferus was swept by Andrew Grayson in the East Dyke survey compartment (Area 14) on 7th July 2016. This is the first vice-county 61 record of this fly. There are several other Yorkshire records from vice-counties 63 and 64.

Eudorylas obliquus [Diptera: Pipunculidae] Falk (1991a) allocated nationally Notable status to this big-headed fly. It was described as new to science by Coe (1966) who enumerated a few British and Irish localities.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, a female Eudorylas obliquus was swept by Andrew Grayson in the Coups 1 & 3 survey compartment (Area 3) on 1st July 2015. There are several records from the southern half of Yorkshire [in the vice-counties 61, 62 and 63].

Pipunculus zugmayeriae [Diptera: Pipunculidae] Falk (1991a) allocated nationally Notable status to this big-headed fly. It remains insufficiently well-studied to enable any definitive statement to be made on its ecological requirements or British distribution; however, it is apparently generally scarce; indeed, the standard British work on Pipunculidae (Coe, 1966) could only enumerate eight British sites, all in southern English counties [Buckinghamshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire, Suffolk and Surrey].

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, a male Pipunculus zugmayeriae was swept by Andrew Grayson in the Coups 7 & 9 survey compartment (Area 6) on 2nd June 2016. This is the first vice-county 61 record of this generally scarce fly. In Yorkshire, it is otherwise only known from vice-county 63 (South West Yorkshire), where it is widespread, and has been recorded from at least 11 sites, many of which are ex colliery workings.

Norellia spinipes [Diptera: Scathophagidae] Falk (1991a) categorized this daffodil leaf-mining fly as nationally Notable. Ball (2007), combining knowledge from a number of published sources, gave an excellent account of its ecology and occurrence in Britain, and suggested Norellia spinipes is a recent colonist to Britain which was probably introduced from continental Europe via imported Narcissus (daffodil) bulbs. The larvae mine the leaves of daffodils and pupate at the base of the plant, sometimes damaging the bulbs. The adults are found perching on daffodil leaves and flowers during spring. Females have also been found in October. Norellia spinipes was first recorded in Britain in 1965, and has been found mainly on daffodils in deciduous woodland and gardens. Ball (2007) gave a British distribution restricted to counties in southern England no further north than Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire. It has since been found at a number of localities in South, East and North Yorkshire between 2012 and 2016 by Ian Andrews, John Coldwell, Roy Crossley and Andrew Grayson, and was published as occurring in Yorkshire (Anon., 2013) based on some of their records. It is currently known to occur at least as far north as the southern edge of the North York Moors, were it was found to be locally common during April 2016 in Howl Dale (SE64998544) and Riccal Dale (SE63108488) by Andrew Grayson.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Andrew Grayson swept three Norellia spinipes males from a patch of daffodils near the centre of About Thyme Wood (Area 11) on 11th April 2016, and swept a further male and three females from the same area on 9th May 2016.

Helina calceata [Diptera: Muscidae] Falk (1991a) categorized Helina calceata as a nationally Notable species. Aside from Three Hagges Wood-meadow, it has only otherwise been recorded from two other sites in Yorkshire, both of which were mentioned in d’Assis-Fonseca (1968), which is the standard British work on the family Muscidae. The first Yorkshire record was from Allerthorpe Common in 1926 (Fordham, (1927). In Britain, d’Assis-Fonseca (1968) stated that Helina calceata is “Frequent but very local, favouring sandy soil”. He enumerated only 15 localities which were widely scattered throughout England, Scotland and Wales.

At Three Hagges Wood-meadow, Andrew Grayson collected two Helina calceata females from the A19 Strip compartment (Area 12) on 21st July 2016. 14 DIPTERA NEW TO VICE-COUNTY 61

For the purposes of biological recording, the historic county of Yorkshire is conceptually sub-divided into five Watsonian vice-counties. Three Hagges Wood-meadow is situated in the far western part of Watsonian vice-county 61, which is alternatively known as South East Yorkshire. A species is said to be ‘new’ to a vice-county if it has not previously been recorded there. It is feasible to tabulate a few flies recorded from Three Hagges Wood-meadow which are ‘new’ to vice- county 61. Most of these flies are widespread in Britain, the majority being not uncommon; nevertheless, fourteen species of Diptera new to vice-county 61 is a somewhat better result than might have been expected.

TABLE OF DIPTERA NEW TO VICE-COUNTY 61 FROM THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW

SPECIES FAMILY ORDER VERNACULAR NAME OR GROUP YEARS Platypalpus articulatus Macquart Hybotidae Diptera a dance fly 2014, 2015 Eudorylas inferus Collin Pipunculidae Diptera a big-headed fly 2016 Pipunculus zugmayeriae Kowarz Pipunculidae Diptera a big-headed fly 2016 Themira leachi (Meigen) Sepsidae Diptera a black scavenger fly 2014, 2016 Neria ephippium (Fabricius) Micropezidae Diptera a stilt-legged fly 2015 Agromyza alnivora Spencer Agromyzidae Diptera a leaf-mining fly 2014 Liriomyza strigata (Meigen) Agromyzidae Diptera a leaf-mining fly 2016 Phytomyza leucanthemi Hering Agromyzidae Diptera a leaf-mining fly 2016 Suillia affinis (Meigen) Heleomyzidae Diptera a heleomyzid fly 2015, 2016 Nanna inermis (Becker) Scathophagidae Diptera a Timothy fly 2016 Hydrotaea militaris (Meigen) Muscidae Diptera a sweat-fly 2015 Phaonia fuscata (Fallén) Muscidae Diptera a muscid fly 2015, 2016 Sarcophaga haemorrhoa Meigen Sarcophagidae Diptera a flesh fly 2015 Blepharomyia pagana (Meigen) Tachinidae Diptera a parasitic fly 2014

A RUBY-TAILED WASP NEW TO BRITAIN

In the long-term, perhaps the most significant invertebrate to be found during surveying at Three Hagges Wood-meadow will turn out to be the ruby-tailed wasp Chrysis corusca, which is yet to be published as occurring in Britain; indeed, our record is only the second or third British record thus far known (D. Chesmore, pers. comm.). It is also new to Yorkshire and new to vice-county 61 on the basis of the Three Hagges Wood-meadow record, which was of a female collected by Andy Millard from the Bee Hotel (Area 1a) on 7th July 2016, and subsequently identified by Bogdan Wisniowski.

Another hymenopteran, the ichneumon wasp Eurylabus torvus, is new to vice-county 61 (Bill Ely, pers. comm.) based on a specimen collected in the Coups 11, 12 & 12a survey compartment (Area 7) on 1st September 2016.

It is quite likely that there will be other additions to the vice-county 61 list within some of the less well-studied assemblages of invertebrates thus far recorded at Three Hagges Wood-meadow.

15 SUMMARY TABLES OF SURVEY DATA 2016

ORDERS AND NUMBER OF SPECIES FOUND AT THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW DURING 2016

N.B. a few species were found both diurnally and nocturnally SPIE means Species of Principal Importance in England [formerly known as UK BAP Priority Species] JNCC-listed means Red Data Book or Notable species only [including equivalent JNCC statuses] Records from the Bee Hotel (Area 1a) and Bodger’s Den (Area 8a) are included in Meadow/Plantation (areas 1 to 9)

Orders or Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Class* Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Gastropoda* 10 5 4 3 4 3 Veneroida 1 1 1 Araneae 2 2 1 Amphipoda 1 1 1 Glomerida 1 1 Julida 1 1 Isopoda 5 2 2 3 1 1 Ephemeroptera 2 1 2 1 2 Odonata 10 4 8 1 3 2 Orthoptera 4 4 2 2 3 Hemiptera 83 50 9 63 10 8 Neuroptera 4 1 1 1 3 1 Mecoptera 1 1 1 1 Lepidoptera 38 30 1 16 14 3 3 Coleoptera 78 31 39 5 19 25 Hymenoptera 65 41 6 23 24 3 Diptera 174 101 15 71 86 4 Total Species 480 274 92 189 170 44 3 10

FAMILIES AND NUMBER OF SPECIES FOUND AT THREE HAGGES WOOD-MEADOW DURING 2016

GASTROPODA – slugs and snails

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Agriolimacidae 1 1 Arionidae 2 2 1 1 1 Helicidae 3 1 2 3 Hygromiidae 1 1 Lymnaeidae 1 1 1 Planorbidae 2 2 2 Total Species 10 5 4 3 4 3 0 0

VENEROIDA – clams and cockles etc.

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Sphaeriidae 1 1 1 Total Species 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

16

ARANEAE – spiders

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Araneidae 1 1 1 Tetragnathidae 1 1 Total Species 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0

AMPHIPODA – scuds and sand-hoppers etc

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Crangonyctidae 1 1 1 Total Species 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

GLOMERIDA – pill millipedes

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Glomeridae 1 1 Total Species 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

JULIDA – millipedes

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Julidae 1 1 Total Species 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

ISOPODA – woodlice and water-lice etc

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Asellidae 1 1 1 Oniscidae 2 1 1 1 Porcellionidae 1 1 1 Armadillidiidae 1 1 1 Total Species 5 2 2 3 1 1 0 0

EPHEMEROPTERA – mayflies

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Baetidae 1 1 1 Ephemeridae 1 1 1 1 1 Total Species 2 1 2 0 1 2 0 0

17

ODONATA – damselflies and dragonflies

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Coenagriidae 4 2 3 1 Aeshnidae 2 1 1 1 Libellulidae 4 2 4 1 1 1 Total Species 10 4 8 1 3 2 0 0

ORTHOPTERA – grasshoppers, groundhoppers and crickets etc

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Tetrigidae 2 2 2 2 2 Acrididae 2 2 1 Total Species 4 4 2 2 3 0 0 0

HEMIPTERA – bugs

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) pond- trapping Species dipping Acanthosomatidae 1 1 Cydnidae 1 1 Pentatomidae 3 2 3 2 Rhopalidae 2 2 Anthocoridae 2 2 2 Berytidae 1 1 Lygaeidae 4 3 4 Miridae 24 21 20 4 Nabidae 6 6 4 2 Tingidae 2 1 1 Corixidae 2 2 2 Gerridae 3 3 3 Notonectidae 2 2 2 Pleidae 1 1 1 Saldidae 1 1 1 1 Cercopidae 1 1 1 Aphrophoridae 3 2 3 1 Cicadellidae 19 9 16 Cixiidae 1 1 Delphacidae 4 1 4 Total Species 83 50 9 63 10 8 0 0

NEUROPTERA – lacewings and alder-flies etc

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Sialidae 1 1 1 Hemerobiidae 2 2 Chrysopidae 1 1 1 1 Total Species 4 1 1 1 3 1 0 0

18

MECOPTERA – scorpion-flies

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Panorpidae 1 1 1 1 Total Species 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0

LEPIDOPTERA – butterflies and moths

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Tortricidae 1 1 Zygaenidae 2 2 Crambidae 1 1 Drepanidae 1 1 Geometridae 6 2 2 4 1 Notodontidae 1 1 1 Erebidae 2 1 1 1 Noctuidae 5 5 1 2 1 Hesperiidae 2 1 1 Pieridae 5 5 1 4 4 Nymphalidae 8 7 7 5 Lycaenidae 4 4 Total Species 38 30 1 16 14 0 3 3

COLEOPTERA – beetles

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Carabidae 26 12 11 3 9 Dytiscidae 14 14 14 Gyrinidae 1 1 1 Haliplidae 3 3 3 Hydrophilidae 5 5 5 Helophoridae 1 1 1 Hydraenidae 1 1 1 Silphidae 1 1 Staphylinidae 1 1 Elateridae 2 1 1 Cantharidae 9 5 1 1 5 Melyridae 1 1 1 Nitidulidae 1 1 Coccinellidae 5 4 1 1 2 Oedemeridae 1 1 Cerambycidae 1 1 Chrysomelidae 2 2 Apionidae 1 1 Curculionidae 2 2 Total Species 78 31 39 5 19 25 0 0

19

HYMENOPTERA – sawflies, ants, bees, wasps and ichneumons

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Argidae 1 1 Cephidae 1 1 Tenthredinidae 18 13 1 3 5 Chrysididae 2 2 Formicidae 2 1 1 1 2 Tiphiidae 1 1 1 Eumenidae 1 1 Vespidae 5 3 2 1 2 1 Crabronidae 1 1 Andrenidae 5 1 3 3 Halictidae 3 2 1 1 Megachilidae 3 2 1 Anthophoridae 1 1 Apidae 12 11 2 8 7 1 Cynipidae 1 1 Ichneumonidae 8 3 3 2 Total Species 65 41 6 23 24 0 0 3

20

DIPTERA – flies

Families Total Meadow/ Pond & About Dyke Strips Species Species SPIE or Species Plantation surrounds Thyme etc. (areas via pond- via light- JNCC-listed (areas 1-9) (Area 10) Wood 12, 13 & 14) dipping trapping Species Tipulidae 8 5 2 3 3 Limoniidae 3 2 1 Bibionidae 3 1 2 3 1 Anisopodidae 1 1 Culicidae 1 1 Rhagionidae 4 2 2 2 Tabanidae 1 1 1 Stratiomyidae 4 2 1 1 3 Bombyliidae 1 1 Asilidae 3 3 Hybotidae 4 2 3 2 Empididae 13 8 1 5 7 Dolichopodidae 9 7 3 3 4 Lonchopteridae 2 2 2 Syrphidae 33 22 2 18 13 Pipunculidae 4 2 1 3 2 Micropezidae 1 1 Psilidae 1 1 Conopidae 3 1 2 1 Platystomatidae 1 1 1 Tephritidae 5 5 1 1 Dryomyzidae 1 1 Sciomyzidae 3 3 2 2 Sepsidae 5 2 1 3 Agromyzidae 2 2 Opomyzidae 5 4 1 4 Heleomyzidae 2 2 1 Scathophagidae 7 4 2 4 1 Muscidae 22 10 2 9 11 1 Calliphoridae 8 6 4 4 Sarcophagidae 2 1 2 Tachinidae 12 6 4 7 Total Species 174 101 15 71 86 0 0 4

21 COMMENTS

NOTES ON INVERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGES 2016

Concerted efforts were made to record as broad a spectrum of invertebrates as was feasibly possible, and the visits made by members of the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union on the first Thursdays of each month from May to September provided a great boost to the list of invertebrates thus far recorded from Three Hagges Wood-meadow. In particular, the list of Hemiptera was greatly boosted by the work of Stuart Foster.

Pond-dipping, particularly by Martin Hammond and his associates, facilitated a great increase in the list of aquatic invertebrates such as water beetles; but very few moths were recorded due to the virtual cessation of light-trapping as a result of Dave Chesmore’s ill health and poor weather conditions on nights when light-trapping was planned. The main organised monthly surveying by Andrew Grayson once again focussed on invertebrate assemblages that inadvertently assist pollination. Conspicuous invertebrates such as butterflies were always recorded assiduously by Pat and Jim Bone.

By 2016, it was noticeable that there has been a great increase in the numbers of invertebrates present on the main meadow/plantation area (areas 1 to 9) and in the pond (Area 10) compared with numbers at the commencement of invertebrate studies in 2014. This increase is not really apparent in the survey results, as only a representative proportion of invertebrates are collected during survey visits.

There were 227 additions made to the Three Hagges Wood-meadow invertebrate list during 2016. These additions are indicated by an asterisk in the list in Appendix 4 [pages 100 to 113].

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Three Hagges wood-meadow is fortunate to have a small army of enthusiastic people involved in managing the site and recording and monitoring its natural resources; including occasional, but nevertheless regular, visiting specialists. Although the writer was inevitably responsible for carrying out the majority of invertebrate survey work during 2016, there was a substantial quantity of invertebrate data created by the work of others, not least by several members of the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union who paid visits to Three Hagges Wood-meadow on the first Thursday of each month from May to September 2016. As there are rather a lot of people to thank for contributing to the report for 2016, then I will simply list them here without reference to the details of their contributions, as these details can be found in other parts of this report. In addition to those persons listed below, I am also grateful to Dave Cowling for contributing a few photographs from 2016 social events; however, none have been included within this report.

The list of people who have in at least some way contributed to the contents of this report, with apologies to anyone I have overlooked, is: Mike Archer, Pat & Jim Bone, Anna Cabriolu, Dave Chesmore, Terry Crawford, Mike Edwards, Bill Ely, Naomi Ewald, Jim Flanagan, Rosalind Forbes Adam, Stuart Foster, Martin Hammond, Lin Hawthorne, Anne Heathcote, Andy Millard, Steve Lane, Matt Smith, Dave Tate and Bogdan Wisniowski.

22 REFERENCES

Anon. (2013) Diptera. In 2012 Annual Exhibition: Imperial College, London SW7 – 3 November 2012. British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 26: 38-40.

Alexander, K. N. A. (2014) A review of the beetles of Great Britain: The Soldier Beetles and their allies. Species Status 16. Natural England Commissioned Report NECR134. Natural England. 1-81.

Ball, S. G. (2007) Key to the British Scathophagidae (Diptera): Version 3.1, March 2007. [Unpublished]. 1-60.

Benton, T. (2006) Bumblebees. The New Naturalist Library 98. London: HarperCollins Publishers. i-xi, 1-580.

Bratton, J. H. [ed.] (1991) Invertebrates other than insects. British Red Data Books 3. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation Committee. 1-253.

Coe, R. L. (1966) Diptera: Pipunculidae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 10 (2c).

Daguet, C. A., French, G. C. & Taylor, P. [eds.] (2008) The Odonata Red Data List for Great Britain. Species Status 11. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation Committee. 1-34. d’Assis-Fonseca, E. C. M. (1968) Diptera: Cyclorrhapha (Muscidae). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 10 (4b).

Falk, S. [J.] (1991) A review of the scarce and threatened bees, wasps and ants of Great Britain. Research & survey in nature conservation 35. Peterborough: Nature Conservancy Council. 1-344.

Falk, S. [J.] (1991a) A review of the scarce and threatened flies of Great Britain (Part 1). Research & survey in nature conservation 39. Peterborough: Nature Conservancy Council. 1-194.

Falk, S. J. & Crossley, R. (2005) A review of the scarce and threatened flies of Great Britain. Part 3: Empidoidea. Species Status 3. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation Committee. 1-134.

Fordham, W. J. (1927) Diptera on Allerthorpe Common. In Allerthorpe Common. The Naturalist [52]: 335-336.

Gauld, I.[D.] & Bolton, B. [eds.] (1988) The Hymenoptera. Oxford [principally]: Oxford University Press in association with the British Museum (Natural History). [i]-xi, 1-332.

Grayson, A. (1994) Flies in the Yorkshire Museum. York: Yorkshire Museum. 1-159.

Grayson, A. (1995) The Horseflies of Yorkshire. A comprehensive county account. Kirkbymoorside: Andyg Publications. [1]- 48.

Grayson, A. (2014) An Inventory of Invertebrates recorded from Three Hagges Jubilee Wood during 2014. [Unpublished report to Hagge Woods Trust, Escrick, York]. 1-139.

Grayson, A. (2016) An Inventory of Invertebrates recorded from Three Hagges Jubilee Wood during 2015. [Unpublished report to Hagge Woods Trust, Escrick, York]. 1-161.

Hyman, P. S. & Parsons, M. S. (1992) A review of the scarce and threatened Coleoptera of Great Britain. Part 1. UK Nature Conservation 3. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation Committee. i-ii, 1-484.

Shirt, D. B. [ed.] (1987) Insects. British Red Data Books 2. Peterborough: Nature Conservancy Council. 1-402.

Sutton, S. L. & Beaumont, H. E. (1989). Butterflies and Moths of Yorkshire: Distribution and Conservation. Doncaster: Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union. [i]-xi, [1]-367. 23 APPENDIX 1: PLANS

THREE HAGGES JUBILEE WOOD AND ITS ENVIRONS

24 APPENDIX 1: PLANS

EXTENTS OF SURVEY COMPARTMENTS AND LOCATIONS OF FEATURES

25 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

N. B. The extents of the survey compartments are shown on page 24

Area 1: Coups 6, 8 & 10

1st September 2016

Basic description: meadowland, interspaced with planted saplings, on flattish topography Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’54.45”N, 1°02’57.80”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62633958 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 6 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 10.58-11.10 No flowers 09.05.2016: 14.55-15.08 No flowers except for a solitary Ranunculus 06.06.2016: 15.29-15.40 Ranunculus sparse but dominant; a few Leucanthemum vulgare and Silene dioica 21.07.2016: 13.56-14.20 Centaurea nigra dominant; Senecio jacobaea 14.08.2016: 15.06-15.33 Very few flowers. Centaurea nigra, Leucanthemum vulgare, Senecio jacobaea 01.09.2016: 14.25-14.42 Malva moschata, Trifolium pratense

26 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 2: Coup 5

9th May 2016

Basic description: meadowland, interspaced with planted saplings, on flattish topography Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’56.86”N, 1°03’01.74”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62563963 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 7 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 10.08-10.24 A few Taraxacum officinale on periphery 09.05.2016: 14.39-14.53 A few Ranunculus and Taraxacum officinale 06.06.2016: 15.03-15.21 Ranunculus dominant 21.07.2016: 14.21-14.42 Centaurea nigra dominant; Leucanthemum vulgare, Ranunculus, Senecio jacobaeae 14.08.2016: 15.34-15.43 Not many flowers. Lotus uliginosus dominant; Centaurea nigra, Malva moschata 01.09.2016: 15.07-15.34 Lotus uliginosus dominant; Centaurea nigra, Malva moschata

27 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 3: Coups 1 & 3

14th August 2016

Basic description: meadowland, interspaced with planted saplings, on flattish topography Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°51’02.33”N, 1°02’58.76”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62633975 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 6 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 11.13-11.28 No flowers 05.05.2016: 12.30-12.46 A few Taraxacum officinale on periphery 06.06.2016: 16.10-16.25 A few Ranunculus 21.07.2016: 15.10-15.17 Centaurea nigra dominant 14.08.2016: 15.45-15.59 Not many flowers. Malva moschata dominant; Centaurea nigra, Trifolium pratense 01.09.2016: 16.16-16.39 Malva moschata dominant; Centaurea nigra, Lotus uliginosus

28 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 4: Coups 2 & 4

6th June 2016

Basic description: meadowland, interspaced with planted saplings, on flattish topography Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°51’01.65”N, 1°02’54.42”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62683975 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 7 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 11.43-11.50 No flowers 05.05.2016: 14.37-14.57 A few Taraxacum officinale 06.06.2016: 16.26-16.40 Ranunculus dominant but sparse; a few Leucanthemum vulgare 21.07.2016: 14.55-15.09 Centaurea nigra dominant; Senecio jacobaea 14.08.2016: 16.12-16.25 Malva moschata dominant; Lotus uliginosus 01.09.2016: 15.35-15.55 Malva moschata and Lotus uliginosus dominant; Leucanthemum vulgare

29 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 5: Queen Margaret’s School Oaks

2nd July 2016

Basic description: meadowland, interspaced with planted saplings, on flattish topography Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’59.74”N, 1°02’53.15”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62733970 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 7 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 11.51-11.57 No flowers 09.05.2016: 15.12-15.29 A few Taraxacum officinale 06.06.2016: 15.59-16.09 Ranunculus sparse but dominant 02.07.2016: 17.21-17.28 Centaurea nigra dominant 14.08.2016: 16.02-16.10 Not many flowers. Centaurea nigra, Lotus uliginosus, Malva moschata, Senecio jacobaeae 01.09.2016: 14.54-15.03 Lotus uliginosus, Malva moschata

30 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 6: Coups 7 & 9

14th August 2016

Basic description: meadowland, interspaced with planted saplings, on flattish topography Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’55.61”N, 1°02’51.85”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62743959 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 6 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 11.58-12.06 A few Taraxacum officinale 09.05.2016: 16.22-16.34 A few Taraxacum officinale 02.06.2016: 13.02-13.28 Leucanthemum vulgare, Lychnis flos-cuculi, Ranunculus, Rhinanthus minor 07.07.2016: 16.18-16.52 Centaurea nigra, Leucanthemum vulgare, Senecio jacobaea 14.08.2016: 16.30-16.49 Malva moschata dominant; Centaurea nigra, Lotus uliginosus 01.09.2016: 12.53-13.19 Epilobium angustifolium, Malva moschata, Senecio jacobaea

31 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 7: Coups 11, 12 & 12a

6th June 2016

Basic description: meadowland, interspaced with planted saplings, on flattish topography Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’49.83”N, 1°02’51.86”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62743940 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 6 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 13.58-14.07 Taraxacum officinale 09.05.2016: 16.40-16.50 Taraxacum officinale dominant; a single Hyacinthoides non-scripta 06.06.2016: 16.48-17.06 Ranunculus dominant; Leucanthemum vulgare, Lychnis flos-cuculi 07.07.2016: 15.39-16.06 Centaurea nigra, Lapsana communis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Ranunculus Lotus uliginosus dominant; Centaurea nigra, Epilobium angustifolium, Leucanthemum vulgare, 04.08.2016: 14.30-14.50 Senecio jacobaea, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens 01.09.2016: 11.59-12.28 Lotus uliginosus dominant; Hieracium, Trifolium pratense, Senecio jacobaea

32 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 8: MG4 Meadow

6th June 2016

Basic description: meadowland on flattish topography, containing a few seasonally-wet depressions Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’51.10”N, 1°02’53.16”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62723947 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 6 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 14.08-14.28 Taraxacum officinale 09.05.2016: 16.51-17.04 Taraxacum officinale, Ranunculus 06.06.2016: 17.07-17.23 Ranunculus dominant; Leucanthemum vulgare, Lychnis flos-cuculi, Rhinanthus minor, Trifolium repens 07.07.2016: 15.14-15.34 Centaurea nigra, Lotus uliginosus, Ranunculus, Rhinanthus minor, Trifolium repens 14.08.2016: 16.54-17.06 Recently mown. Trifolium repens dominant; Ranunculus, Taraxacum officinale 01.09.2016: 11.32-11.58 Lotus uliginosus and Trifolium repens dominant; Trifolium pratense

33 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 9: MG5 Meadow

9th May 2016

Basic description: meadowland on flattish topography Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’59.25”N, 1°02’56.07”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62683969 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 6 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 10.25-10.40 Taraxacum officinale 09.05.2016: 15.43-15.57 Taraxacum officinale, Ranunculus 06.06.2016: 15.42-15.58 Ranunculus dominant; Leucanthemum vulgare, Trifolium pratense 21.07.2016: 14.43-14.54 Recently mown. No flowers 14.08.2016: 14.50-15.05 Recently mown. No flowers 01.09.2016: 14.43-14.53 Lotus uliginosus dominant; Trifolium pratense

34 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 10: Pond

4th August 2016

Basic description: pond, with gently-sloping bare sandy margins, fairly recently-created by excavating a sandy hollow Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°51’06.34”N, 1°02’55.04”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62683992 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 7 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers Around Periphery Of Pond 11.04.2016: 11.28-11.42 A few Taraxacum officinale 05.05.2016: 12.01-12.29 No flowers 02.06.2016: 11.38-12.00 Lychnis flos-cuculi, Silene dioica 02.07.2016: 16.57-17.18 Centaurea nigra 04.08.2016: 12.49-13.22 No flowers 01.09.2016: 15.56-16.12 A few Epilobium angustifolium and Lotus uliginosus

35 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 11: About Thyme Wood

1st September 2016

Basic description: small mixed woodland, which was partly felled and cleared during early 2015, followed by being partly planted with seedlings during the same year. Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’53.55”N, 1°03’03.60”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62553953 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 8 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 12.37-13.27 Narcissus abundant; Taraxacum officinale, Ficaria verna, a few Hyacinthoides non-scripta 09.05.2016: 15.59-16.20 Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Lamium album, Ranunculus, Taraxacum officinale 02.06.2016: 14.01-14.22 Heracleum sphondylium, Lamium album, Ranunculus, Silene dioica 21.07.2016: 16.05-16.34 Cirsium dominant; Heracleum sphondylium, Ranunculus, Senecio jacobaeae Centaurea nigra, Cirsium, Echium vulgare, Senecio jacobaea, 14.08.2016: 14.01-14.36 Trifolium pratense Centaurea nigra, Cirsium, Echium vulgare, Epilobium angustifolium, Glebionis segetum, Senecio 01.09.2016: 13.58-14.24 jacobaea, Trifolium pratense, Apiaceae

36 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 12: A19 Strip

9th May 2016

Basic description: a strip of rank grassland alongside a hedgerow; featuring saplings planted in three regimented rows Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°51’00.99”N, 1°03’00.30”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62593977 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 6 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 10.41-10.57 A few Taraxacum officinale, Tussilago farfara, Lamium album 09.05.2016: 14.17-14.35 Not many flowers. Taraxacum officinale dominant; some Crataegus monogyna in flower 02.06.2016: 13.36-14.00 Crataegus monogyna, Lamium album, Heracleum sphondylium, Ranunculus 21.07.2016: 15.32-15.53 Grasses dominant; not many flowers. Cirsium, Ranunculus, Rubus fruticosus, Senecio vulgaris 14.08.2016: 13.39-14.00 Very few flowers. Cirsium, Eupatorium cannabinum, Senecio jacobaea 01.09.2016: 13.33-13.57 Senecio jacobaea, Apiaceae

37 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 13: North Dyke

9th May 2016

Basic description: a strip of grassland beside a well-maintained ditch which is generally dry. For parts of the year, the grassland is flower-rich meadowland; however, it is periodically mown short. The grassland nearest to the ditch periodically has many patches of levelled bare sandy soil. The soil is excavated from the ditch when it is dredged. Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°51’06.90”N, 1°02’55.11”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62683994 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 8 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 13.28-13.54 Taraxacum officinale 09.05.2016: 13.56-14.16 Taraxacum officinale dominant 06.06.2016: 14.37-15.02 Leucanthemum vulgare, Ranunculus, Apiaceae 02.07.2016: 12.36-12.57 Centaurea nigra, Lapsana communis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Apiaceae 14.08.2016: 13.21-13.38 Recently mown; no flowers except for a few Leucanthemum vulgare on periphery 01.09.2016: 13.22-13.32 Very few flowers. Lotus uliginosus, Trifolium repens, a solitary Taraxacum officinale flower

38 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 14: East Dyke

5th May 2016

Basic description: a strip of grassland beside a well-maintained ditch which is generally dry. For parts of the year, the grassland is flower-rich meadowland; however, it is periodically mown short. The grassland nearest to the ditch periodically has many patches of levelled bare sandy soil. The soil is excavated from the ditch when it is dredged. Central latitudinal and longitudinal co-ordinates: 53°50’59.31”N, 1°02’51.35”W Central 10m² National Grid reference: SE62753965 Approximate average elevation above sea-level: 7 metres

Main Survey Periods Some Conspicuous Flowers 11.04.2016: 13.10-13.44 A few Taraxacum officinale, Primula vulgaris 05.05.2016: 13.32-13.56 Taraxacum officinale dominant; Ficaria verna, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Primula veris 02.06.2016: 12.38-13.00 Ranunculus, Myosotis, Taraxacum officinale Centaurea nigra, Lapsana communis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Ranunculus, Trifolium repens, 07.07.2016: 17.18-17.51 Senecio jacobaea 14.08.2016: 17.07-17.17 Recently mown. A few Trifolium repens 01.09.2016: 12.29-12.52 No flowers

39 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 1: Coups 6, 8 & 10

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 40 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 1: Coups 6, 8 & 10

6th June 2016

21st July 2016 41 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 1: Coups 6, 8 & 10

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 42 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 2: Coup 5

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 43 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 2: Coup 5

6th June 2016

21st July 2016 44 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 2: Coup 5

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 45 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 3: Coups 1 & 3

11th April 2016

5th May 2016 46 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 3: Coups 1 & 3

6th June 2016

21st July 2016 47 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 3: Coups 1 & 3

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 48 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 4: Coups 2 & 4

11th April 2016

5th May 2016 49 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 4: Coups 2 & 4

6th June 2016

21st July 2016 50 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 4: Coups 2 & 4

14th August 2016

1st September 2016

51 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 5: Queen Margaret’s School Oaks

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 52 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 5: Queen Margaret’s School Oaks

6th June 2016

2nd July 2016 53 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 5: Queen Margaret’s School Oaks

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 54 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 6: Coups 7 & 9

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 55 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 6: Coups 7 & 9

2nd June 2016

7th July 2016 56 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 6: Coups 7 & 9

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 57 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 7: Coups 11, 12 & 12a

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 58 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 7: Coups 11, 12 & 12a

6th June 2016

7th July 2016 59 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 7: Coups 11, 12 & 12a

4th August 2016

1st September 2016 60 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 8: MG4 Meadow

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 61 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 8: MG4 Meadow

6th June 2016

7th July 2016 62 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 8: MG4 Meadow

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 63 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 9: MG5 Meadow

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 64 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 9: MG5 Meadow

6th June 2016

21st July 2016 65 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 9: MG5 Meadow

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 66 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 10: Pond

11th April 2016

5th May 2016 67 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 10: Pond

2nd June 2016

2nd July 2016 68 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 10: Pond

4th August 2016

1st September 2016 69 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 11: About Thyme Wood

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 70 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 11: About Thyme Wood

2nd June 2016

21st July 2016 71 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 11: About Thyme Wood

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 72 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 12: A19 Strip

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 73 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 12: A19 Strip

2nd June 2016

21st July 2016 74 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 12: A19 Strip

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 75 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 13: North Dyke

11th April 2016

9th May 2016 76 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 13: North Dyke

6th June 2016

2nd July 2016 77 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 13: North Dyke

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 78 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 14: East Dyke

11th April 2016

5th May 2016 79 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 14: East Dyke

2nd June 2016

7th July 2016 80 APPENDIX 2: SURVEY COMPARTMENTS

Area 14: East Dyke

14th August 2016

1st September 2016 81 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

The following list is an inventory of all invertebrates recorded at Three Hagges Wood-meadow since recording began in 2014. Current nomenclature is used except in cases which are problematic. The taxonomic order of the list follows the current generally-accepted arrangement for higher classification and families, but genera and species are arranged in alphabetical order, without reference to subgenera.

Some taxa have been split into two or more species during recent decades; therefore, to avoid possible confusion, the lists in this report use the appendages [s. s.] and [s. l.] to indicate when a species complex has been recorded in the narrow sense, i.e. sensu stricto [s. s.], or in the broad sense, i.e. sensu lato [s. l.]. This Full Invertebrate List only gives sensu lato records for species when sensu stricto records are unavailable. The combined list for 2014 to 2016 contains 748 species, with 227 additions being made during 2016.

‘C’ or ‘L’ are used for all species whose national statuses are common or local [or equivalent statuses], including common or irregular migrant species. ‘U’ is used where the national or regional status is unknown due to insufficient data being available. ‘RS’ denotes a species which might be considered to be regionally scarce in the Yorkshire/Lincolnshire region. ‘SPIE’ denotes Species of Principal Importance in England [formerly known as UK BAP Species]. ‘JNCC’ indicates a current JNCC status allocation of Notable or higher [or equivalent] national status.

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Class: Gastropoda Slugs & Snails etc. Family: Agriolimacidae Terrestrial slugs Deroceras reticulatum (Müller) Grey Field Slug 08.09.2015 C C Family: Arionidae Terrestrial slugs Arion ater (Linnaeus) [s. l.] Black Slug 23.04.2014 C C Arion rufus (Linnaeus) Red Slug 05.05.2016 C C Family: Helicidae Terrestrial snails Cepaea hortensis (Müller) White-lipped Snail 11.04.2016 C C Cepaea nemoralis (Linnaeus) Brown-lipped Snail 05.05.2016 C C Cornu aspersum (Müller) Garden Snail 11.04.2016 C C Family: Hygromiidae Terrestrial snails Monacha cantiana (Montagu) Kentish Snail 05.05.2016 C C Family: Lymnaeidae Freshwater snails Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus) Great Pond Snail 05.05.2016 C C Family: Planorbidae Ram’s-horn Snails Bathyomphalus contortus (Linnaeus) Twisted Ram’s-horn Snail 04.08.2016 C C Planorbarius corneus (Linnaeus) Great Ram’s-horn Snail 05.05.2016 C C Order: Veneroida Clams & cockles etc. Family: Sphaeriidae Orb-mussels Sphaerium corneum (Linnaeus) European Fingernail-clam 04.08.2016 C C Order: Araneae Spiders Family: Araneidae Orb-weaver spiders etc. Araneus diadematus Clerck Garden Spider 28.08.2014 C C Araniella cucurbitina (Clerck) Cucumber Green Spider 13.08.2015 C U Family: Pisauridae Nursery web spiders Pisaura mirabilis (Clerck) Nursery Web Spider 08.07.2015 C L Family: Tetragnathidae Long-jawed orb-weavers Metellina segmentata (Clerck) a long-jawed orb-weaver 25.08.2016 C U Family: Theridiidae Cobweb spiders Enoplognatha ovata (Clerck) a cobweb spider 18.07.2015 C U Family: Thomisidae Crab spiders Misumena vatia (Clerck) a crab spider 29.07.2015 L U Order: Amphipoda Sand-hoppers & scuds etc. Family: Crangonyctidae Amphipod shrimps Crangonyx pseudogracilis Bousfield an amphipod shrimp 04.08.2016 C C 82 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Order: Glomerida Pill millipedes Family: Glomeridae Pill millipedes Glomeris marginata (Villers) Pill Millipede 03.06.2015 C C Order: Julida Millipedes Family: Julidae Millipedes Tachypodoiulus niger (Leach) Black Snake Millipede 05.05.2016 C C Order: Isopoda Woodlice & Water-lice etc. Suborder: Asellota Water-lice etc. Family: Asellidae Water-lice Asellus aquaticus (Linnaeus) Common Water-louse 04.08.2016 C C Suborder: Oniscidea Woodlice Oniscidae Woodlice Oniscus asellus Linnaeus Common Woodlouse 26.03.2014 C C Philoscia muscorum (Scopoli) Common Striped Woodlouse 26.03.2014 C C Porcellionidae Woodlice Porcellio scaber Latreille Common Rough Woodlouse 01.07.2015 C C Armadillidiidae Pill woodlice Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille) Common Pill Woodlouse 01.07.2015 C C Order: Ephemeroptera Mayflies Family: Baetidae Mayflies Cloeon dipterum (Linnaeus) Pond Olive Mayfly 04.08.2016 C C Family: Ephemeridae Mayflies Ephemera vulgata Linnaeus Drake Mackerel Mayfly 09.05.2016 C C Order: Odonata Dragonflies & damselflies Suborder: Zygoptera Damselflies Family: Coenagriidae Blue damselflies etc. Coenagrion puella (Linnaeus) Azure Damselfly 15.05.2014 C C Enallagma cyathigerum (Charpentier) Common Blue Damselfly 15.05.2014 C C Ischnura elegans (Vander Linden) Blue-tailed Damselfly 12.06.2014 C C Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Sulzer) Large Red Damselfly 21.05.2015 C C Suborder: Anisoptera Dragonflies Family: Aeshnidae Hawkers Aeshna cyanea (Müller) Southern Hawker 05.08.2014 C C Aeshna grandis (Linnaeus) Brown Hawker 08.07.2014 C C Aeshna mixta (Latreille) Migrant Hawker 01.09.2016 C C Family: Libellulidae Skimmers & darters etc. Libellula depressa Linnaeus Broad-bodied Chaser 22.07.2014 C C Libellula quadrimaculata Linnaeus Four-spotted Chaser 12.06.2014 C C Orthetrum cancellatum (Linnaeus) Black-tailed Skimmer 06.06.2016 C L Sympetrum striolatum (Charpentier) Common Darter 09.07.2014 C C Order: Orthoptera Grasshoppers etc. Family: Tetrigidae Groundhoppers Tetrix subulata (Linnaeus) Slender Groundhopper 23.04.2014 C C Tetrix undulata (Sowerby) Common Groundhopper 15.05.2014 C C Family: Acrididae Grasshoppers Chorthippus brunneus (Thunberg) Common Field Grasshopper 22.07.2014 C C Chorthippus parallelus (Zetterstedt) Meadow Grasshopper 22.07.2014 C C Omocestus viridulus (Linnaeus) Common Green Grasshopper 22.07.2014 C C

83 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Order: Dermaptera Earwigs Family: Forficulidae Earwigs Forficula auricularia Linnaeus Common Earwig 08.07.2014 C C Order: Hemiptera True bugs etc. Suborder: Heteroptera True bugs Family: Acanthosomatidae Shieldbugs Elasmostethus interstinctus (Linnaeus) Birch Shieldbug 09.08.2014 C L Elasmucha grisea (Linnaeus) Parent Bug 05.05.2016 C L Family: Coreidae Squashbugs etc. Coriomeris denticulatus (Scopoli) Denticulate Leatherbug 01.07.2015 C L Family: Cydnidae Shieldbugs Tritomegas bicolor (Linnaeus) Pied Shieldbug 05.05.2016 C L Family: Pentatomidae Shieldbugs Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus) Hairy Shieldbug 15.05.2014 C L Palomena prasina (Linnaeus) Green Shieldbug 23.04.2014 C L Pentatoma rufipes (Linnaeus) Red-legged Shieldbug 04.08.2016 C C Family: Rhopalidae Plant bugs Rhopalus subrufus (Gmelin) a plant bug 05.05.2016 L RS Stictopleurus punctatonervosus (Goeze) a plant bug 09.05.2016 L RS Family: Anthocoridae Flower-bugs Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius) a flower bug 05.05.2016 C C Anthocoris nemorum (Linnaeus) Common Flower-bug 08.07.2014 C C Family: Berytidae Stilt bugs Berytinus minor (Herrich-Schäffer) a stilt bug 01.09.2016 C C Family: Lygaeidae Ground bugs Drymus ryei Douglas & Scott a ground bug 01.09.2016 C L Drymus sylvaticus (Fabricius) a ground bug 05.05.2016 C C Scolopostethus affinis (Schilling) a ground bug 05.05.2016 C C Stygnocoris fuligineus (Geoffroy) a ground bug 05.05.2016 C C Family: Miridae Grass-bugs etc. Blepharidopterus angulatus (Fallén) Black-kneed Capsid 04.08.2016 C C Campyloneura virgula (Herrich-Schäffer) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C C Capsus ater (Linnaeus) a plant bug 08.07.2014 L L Closterotomus norwegicus (Gmelin) Potato Capsid 08.07.2014 C C Deraeocoris flavilinea (Costa) a plant bug 09.07.2014 L L Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling) a plant bug 01.09.2016 C L Deraeocoris ruber (Linnaeus) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C L Dicyphus stachydis J. Sahlberg a plant bug 01.09.2016 C L Heterotoma planicornis (Pallas) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C C Leptopterna dolabrata (Linnaeus) Meadow Plant Bug 08.07.2014 C C Liocoris tripustulatus (Fabricius) a plant bug 05.05.2016 C C Lopus decolor (Fallén) a grass bug 04.08.2016 C C Lygocoris pabulinus (Linnaeus) Common Green Capsid 08.07.2014 C C Lygus rugulipennis (Poppius) Tarnished Plant Bug 08.07.2014 C C Neolygus contaminatus (Fallén) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C C Neolygus viridis (Fallén) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C C Notostira elongata (Geoffroy) a grass bug 08.07.2014 C C Oncotylus viridiflavus (Goeze) a plant bug 04.08.2016 L U Orthops basalis (A. Costa) a plant bug 05.05.2016 L L Phytocoris tiliae (Fabricius) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C C 84 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Phytocoris varipes Boheman a plant bug 14.08.2016 C C Pinalitus cervinus (Herrich-Schäffer) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C C Plagiognathus arbustorum (Fabricius) a plant bug 08.07.2014 C C Plagiognathus chrysanthemi (Wolff) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C C Stenodema calcarata (Fallén) a grass bug 08.07.2014 C C Stenodema laevigata (Linnaeus) a grass bug 05.05.2016 C C Stenotus binotatus (Fabricius) a plant bug 04.08.2016 C C Family: Nabidae Damsel bugs Himacerus apterus (Fabricius) Tree Damsel Bug 04.08.2016 C L Himacerus major (A. Costa) Grey Damsel Bug 04.08.2016 C RS Himacerus mirmicoides (O. Costa) Ant Damsel Bug 04.08.2016 C L Nabis flavomarginatus Scholtz Broad Damsel Bug 04.08.2016 C C Nabis limbatus Dahlbom Marsh Damsel Bug 04.08.2016 C L Nabis rugosus (Linnaeus) Common Damsel Bug 05.05.2016 C L Family: Tingidae Lacebugs Tingis ampliata (Herrich- Schäffer) a lacebug 05.05.2016 C C Tingis cardui (Linnaeus) Spear Thistle Lacebug 05.05.2016 C RS Family: Corixidae Water boatmen Corixa punctata (Illiger) Common Water Boatman 08.07.2014 C C Sigara nigrolineata (Fieber) a water boatman 04.08.2016 C C Family: Gerridae Pond skaters Gerris lacustris (Linnaeus) Common Pond Skater 05.05.2016 C C Gerris odontogaster (Zetterstedt) Toothed Pond Skater 04.08.2016 C C Gerris thoracicus Schummel a pond skater 08.07.2014 C C Family: Notonectidae Backswimmers Notonecta glauca Linnaeus Common Backswimmer 04.08.2016 C C Notonecta maculata Fabricius a backswimmer 04.08.2016 L L Family: Pleidae Pygmy backswimmers Plea minutissima Leach Pygmy Backswimmer 04.08.2016 C C Family: Saldidae Shore bugs Saldula saltatoria (Linnaeus) Common Shore Bug 08.07.2014 C C Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha Planthoppers etc. Family: Cercopidae Froghoppers Cercopis vulnerata Illiger Black-and-red Froghopper 15.05.2014 C C Family: Aphrophoridae Froghoppers Aphrophora alni (Fallén) Alder Spittlebug 04.08.2016 C C Neophilaenus lineatus (Linnaeus) a froghopper 04.08.2016 C C Philaenus spumarius (Linnaeus) Common Froghopper 04.08.2016 C C Family: Cicadellidae Leafhoppers Adarrus ocellaris (Fallén) a leafhopper 01.09.2016 C C Allygus communis (Ferrari) a leafhopper 04.08.2016 U U Allygus modestus Scott a leafhopper 04.08.2016 C U Anoscopus flavostriatus (Donovan) a leafhopper 01.09.2016 C U Aphrodes makarovi Zakhvatkin a leafhopper 04.08.2016 C L Arthaldeus pascuellus (Fallén) a leafhopper 01.09.2016 C C Athysanus argentarius Metcalf a leafhopper 04.08.2016 C RS Balclutha punctata (Fabricius) a leafhopper 04.08.2016 C C Eupteryx aurata (Linnaeus) Potato Leafhopper 01.09.2016 C C Euscelis lineolatus Brullé a leafhopper 05.05.2016 C L Kybos strigilifer (Ossiannilsson) a leafhopper 04.08.2016 C U 85 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Macrosteles ossiannilssoni Lindberg a leafhopper 01.09.2016 L U Megophthalmus scabripennis Edwards a leafhopper 01.09.2016 C L Metidiocerus rutilans (Kirschbaum) a leafhopper 01.09.2016 L L Mocydia crocea (Herrich-Schäffer) a leafhopper 01.09.2016 C C Oncopsis alni (Schrank) a leafhopper 04.08.2016 C C Oncopsis flavicollis (Linnaeus) a leafhopper 04.08.2016 C C Populicerus confusus (Flor) a leafhopper 04.08.2016 C C Zyginidia scutellaris (Herrich-Schäffer) a leafhopper 01.09.2016 C C Family: Cixiidae Planthoppers Cixius nervosus (Linnaeus) a planthopper 04.08.2016 C C Family: Delphacidae Planthoppers Conomelas anceps (Germar) a planthopper 01.09.2016 C C Javesella dubia (Kirschbaum) a planthopper 04.08.2016 C C Javesella pellucida (Fabricius) a planthopper 05.05.2016 C C Stenocranus major (Kirschbaum) a planthopper 01.09.2016 L U Suborder: Sternorrhyncha Aphids etc. Family: Aphididae Aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) Pea Aphid 08.07.2014 C C Uroleucon jaceae (Linnaeus) an aphid 08.07.2014 C C Order: Neuroptera Lacewings etc. Family: Sialidae Alder flies Sialis lutaria (Linnaeus) an alder fly 04.08.2016 C C Family: Hemerobiidae Brown lacewings Hemerobius micans Olivier a brown lacewing 04.08.2016 C C Wesmaelius quadrifasciatus (Reuter) a brown lacewing 21.07.2016 L L Family Chrysopidae Green lacewings Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) Common Green Lacewing 23.04.2014 C C Order: Mecoptera Scorpion flies etc. Panorpidae Scorpion flies etc. Panorpa communis Linnaeus Common Scorpion-fly 01.07.2015 C C Order: Lepidoptera Butterflies & moths Suborder: Heterocera Moths Family: Hepialidae Swift moths Hepialus humuli (Linnaeus) Ghost Moth 18.06.2014 SPIE C Korscheltellus lupulina (Linnaeus) Common Swift 16.06.2015 C C Triodia sylvina (Linnaeus) Orange Swift 19.08.2014 C L Family: Glyphipterigidae Micro moths Glyphipterix simpliciella (Stephens) Cocksfoot Moth 22.07.2014 C C Family: Chimabachidae Micro moths Diurnea flagella (Denis & Schiffermüller) a micro moth 10.04.2015 C C Family: Tortricidae Leafroller moths etc. Aethes smeathmanniana (Fabricius) a micro moth 22.07.2014 L L Agapeta hamana (Linnaeus) a micro moth 18.06.2014 C C Celypha lacunana (Denis & Schiffermüller) a micro moth 25.06.2014 C C Eucosma campoliliana (Denis & Schiffermüller) a micro moth 05.07.2014 C C Eucosma cana (Haworth) Hoary Bell 18.06.2014 C C Grapholita compositella (Fabricius) Clover Seed Moth 09.08.2014 L L Hedya ochroleucana (Frölich) Buff-tipped Marble 09.08.2014 C RS Hedya pruniana (Hübner) Plum Tortrix 18.06.2014 C C Pandemis cerasana (Hübner) Barred Fruit-tree Tortrix 18.06.2014 C C 86 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Pandemis corylana (Fabricius) Chequered Fruit-tree Tortrix 18.06.2014 C C Spilonota ocellana (Denis & Schiffermüller) Bud Moth 05.07.2014 C C Family: Pyralidae Snout moths etc. Aphomia sociella (Linnaeus) Bee Moth 18.06.2014 C C Hypsopygia costalis (Fabricius) Gold Triangle 18.06.2014 C C Family: Zygaenidae Burnet moths Zygaena filipendulae (Linnaeus) Six-spot Burnet 25.06.2014 C L Zygaena lonicerae (Scheven) Narrow-bordered Five-spot Burnet 08.07.2014 C L Family: Crambidae Grass moths Acentria ephemerella (Denis & Schiffermüller) Water Veneer 09.08.2014 L C Agriphila straminella (Denis & Schiffermüller) a grass moth 09.08.2014 C C Agriphila tristella (Denis & Schiffermüller) a grass moth 09.08.2014 C C Catoptria falsella (Denis & Schiffermüller) a grass moth 09.08.2014 L L Catoptria pinella (Linnaeus) a grass moth 09.08.2014 L L Chrysoteuchia culmella (Linnaeus) Garden Grass-veneer 25.06.2014 C C Crambus lathoniellus (Zincken) a grass moth 18.06.2014 C C Crambus pascuella (Linnaeus) a grass moth 09.08.2014 C C Crambus perlella (Scopoli) a grass moth 18.06.2014 C C Pleuroptya ruralis (Scopoli) Mother of Pearl 09.08.2014 C C Scoparia ambigualis (Treitschke) a grass moth 18.06.2014 C C Family: Drepanidae Hook-tip moths Cilix glaucata (Scopoli) Chinese Character 09.08.2014 C L Drepana falcataria (Linnaeus) Pebble Hook-tip 11.09.2016 C L Falcaria lacertinaria (Linnaeus) Scalloped Hook-tip 19.08.2014 C L Habrosyne pyritoides (Hufnagel) Buff Arches 05.07.2014 C L Ochropacha duplaris (Linnaeus) Common Lutestring 05.07.2014 C C Family: Lasiocampidae Eggars etc. Euthrix potatoria (Linnaeus) The Drinker 18.06.2014 C C Family: Sphingidae Hawk-moths Deilephila elpenor (Linnaeus) Elephant Hawk-moth 18.06.2014 C C Smerinthus ocellata (Linnaeus) Eyed Hawk-moth 18.06.2014 L L Family: Geometridae Carpet moths etc. Alcis repandata (Linnaeus) Mottled Beauty 05.07.2014 C C Archiearis parthenias (Linnaeus) Orange Underwing 11.04.2016 L L Biston betularia (Linnaeus) Peppered Moth 18.06.2014 C C Cabera exanthemata (Scopoli) Common Wave 16.06.2015 C C Cabera pusaria (Linnaeus) Common White Wave 18.06.2014 C C Campaea margaritaria (Linnaeus) Light Emerald 18.06.2014 C C Camptogramma bilineata (Linnaeus) Yellow Shell 25.06.2014 C C Colostygia pectinataria (Knoch) Green Carpet 16.06.2015 C C Dysstroma truncata (Hufnagel) Common Marbled Carpet 09.08.2014 C C Ectropis bistortata (Goeze) The Engrailed 05.07.2014 C C Ennomos alniaria (Linnaeus) Canary-shouldered Thorn 19.08.2014 C C Epirrhoe alternata (Müller) Common Carpet 18.06.2014 C C Eupithecia abbreviata Stephens Brindled Pug 10.04.2015 C L Eupithecia centaureata (Denis & Schiffermüller) Lime-speck Pug 09.08.2014 C L Eupithecia vulgata (Haworth) Common Pug 05.07.2014 C C Hydriomena furcata (Thunberg) July Highflyer 09.08.2014 C C Idaea aversata (Linnaeus) Riband Wave 18.06.2014 C C Idaea biselata (Hufnagel) Small Fan-footed Wave 05.07.2014 C L 87 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Idaea dimidiata (Hufnagel) Single-dotted Wave 05.07.2014 C L Lampropteryx suffumata (Denis & Schiffermüller) Water Carpet 10.04.2015 C L Lomaspilis marginata (Linnaeus) Clouded Border 05.07.2014 C C Lomographa temerata (Denis & Schiffermüller) Clouded Silver 18.06.2014 C L Macaria liturata (Clerck) Tawny-barred Angle 16.06.2015 C L Mesotype didymata (Linnaeus) Twin-spot Carpet 09.08.2014 C C Ourapteryx sambucaria (Linnaeus) Swallow-tailed Moth 02.10.2014 C C Peribatodes rhomboidaria (Denis & Schiffermüller) Willow Beauty 18.06.2014 C C Petrophora chlorosata (Scopoli) Brown Silver-line 18.06.2014 C C Scotopteryx chenopodiata (Linnaeus) Shaded Broad-bar 05.07.2014 SPIE C Pennithera firmata (Hübner) Pine Carpet 02.10.2014 L L Thera obeliscata (Hübner) Grey Pine Carpet 02.10.2014 C C Timandra comae Schmidt Blood-vein 09.08.2014 SPIE L Xanthorhoe ferrugata (Clerck) Dark-barred Twin-spot Carpet 09.08.2014 SPIE L Xanthorhoe montanata (Denis & Schiffermüller) Silver-ground Carpet 18.06.2014 C C Xanthorhoe quadrifasiata (Clerck) Large Twin-spot Carpet 18.06.2014 L L Family: Notodontidae Kitten & Prominent moths Furcula furcula (Clerck) Sallow Kitten 19.08.2014 C L Notodonta dromedarius (Linnaeus) Iron Prominent 09.08.2014 C L Phalera bucephala (Linnaeus) Buff-tip 18.07.2015 C C Pheosia gnoma (Fabricius) Lesser Swallow Prominent 09.08.2014 C C Ptilodon capucina (Linnaeus) Coxcomb Prominent 19.08.2014 C C Family: Erebidae Tiger & Footman moths etc. Arctia caja (Linnaeus) Garden Tiger 18.07.2015 SPIE L Callistege mi (Clerck) Mother Shipton Moth 03.06.2015 L L Calliteara pudibunda (Linnaeus) Pale Tussock 16.06.2015 C L Eilema depressa (Esper) Buff Footman 09.08.2014 L RS Eilema griseola (Hübner) Dingy Footman 05.08.2014 C RS Eilema lurideola (Zincken) Common Footman 05.07.2014 C C Euproctis similis (Fuessly) Yellow-tail 05.07.2014 C C Herminia tarsipennalis Treitschke The Fan-foot 18.06.2014 C L Hypena proboscidalis (Linnaeus) The Snout 02.10.2014 C C Leucoma salicis (Linnaeus) White Satin Moth 05.07.2014 L L Orgyia antiqua (Linnaeus) The Vapourer 15.07.2014 C C Phragmatobia fuliginosa (Linnaeus) Ruby Tiger 03.10.2014 C L Spilosoma lubricipeda (Linnaeus) White Ermine 22.05.2016 SPIE C Spilosoma lutea (Hufnagel) Buff Ermine 18.07.2015 SPIE C Tyria jacobaeae (Linnaeus ) The Cinnabar 12.06.2014 SPIE C Family: Noctuidae Owlet moths Acronicta leporina (Linnaeus) The Miller 18.06.2014 L L Acronicta rumicis (Linnaeus) Knot Grass 25.08.2016 C C Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus) Heart and Dart 18.06.2014 C C Amphipoea oculea (Linnaeus) Ear Moth 09.08.2014 SPIE RS Amphipyra tragopoginis (Clerck) Mouse Moth 09.08.2014 SPIE C Anarta trifolii (Hufnagel) The Nutmeg 18.06.2014 L L Anorthoa munda (Denis & Schiffermüller) Twin-spotted Quaker 10.04.2015 L L Apamea monoglypha (Hufnagel) Dark Arches 05.07.2014 C C Autographa gamma (Linnaeus) Silver Y 15.05.2014 C C Axylia putris (Linnaeus) The Flame 18.06.2014 C L Deltote pygarga (Hufnagel) Marbled White Spot 18.06.2014 L RS 88 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Diarsia mendica (Fabricius) Ingrailed Clay 05.07.2014 C C Diarsia rubi (Vieweg) Small Square-spot 16.06.2015 SPIE C Euplexia lucipara (Linnaeus) Small Angle Shades 18.06.2014 C L Hoplodrina blanda (Denis & Schiffermüller) The Rustic 18.07.2015 SPIE L Hoplodrina octogenaria (Goeze) The Uncertain 18.06.2014 C L Hydraecia micacea (Esper) Rosy Rustic 21.08.2016 SPIE C Luperina testacea (Denis & Schiffermüller) Flounced Rustic 19.08.2014 C C Mesapamea secalis (Linnaeus) [s. l.] Common Rustic 09.08.2014 C C Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius) The Clay 18.06.2014 C C Mythimna impura (Hübner) Smoky Wainscot 05.07.2014 C C Noctua comes (Hübner) Lesser Yellow Underwing 09.08.2014 C C Noctua interjecta Hübner Least Yellow Underwing 09.08.2014 L L Noctua janthe (Borkhausen) Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing 09.08.2014 C C Noctua pronuba (Linnaeus) Large yellow Underwing 09.08.2014 C C Ochropleura plecta (Linnaeus) Flame Shoulder 18.06.2014 C C Oligia fasciuncula (Haworth) Middle-barred Minor 18.06.2014 C C Oligia strigilis (Linnaeus) [s. l.] Marbled Minor 18.06.2014 C C Omphaloscelis lunosa (Howarth) Lunar Underwing 10.10.2015 C L Orthosia cerasi (Fabricius) Common Quaker 10.04.2015 C C Orthosia gothica (Linnaeus) Hebrew Character 10.04.2015 C C Orthosia gracilis (Denis & Schiffermüller) Powdered Quaker 06.05.2016 L L Panemeria tenebrata (Scopoli) Small Yellow Underwing 15.05.2014 L L Panolis flammea (Denis & Schiffermüller) Pine Beauty 10.04.2015 C L Phlogophora meticulosa (Linnaeus) Angle Shades 19.08.2014 C C Plusia festucae (Linnaeus) Gold Spot 26.09.2015 L L Rivula sericealis (Scopoli) Straw Dot 18.06.2014 L L Tiliacea aurago (Denis & Schiffermüller) Barred Sallow 02.10.2014 L L Xestia baja (Denis & Schiffermüller) Dotted Clay 09.08.2014 C L Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus) Setaceous Hebrew Character 09.08.2014 C C Xestia sexstigata (Howarth) Six-striped Rustic 09.08.2014 C C Xestia triangulum (Hufnagel) Double Square-spot 18.06.2014 L C Xylocampa areola (Esper) Early Grey 10.04.2015 C L Family: Nolidae Owlet moths Pseudoips prasinana (Linnaeus) Green Silver-lines 18.06.2014 C L Suborder: Rhopalocera Butterflies Family: Hesperiidae Skippers Ochlodes sylvanus (Esper) Large Skipper 09.07.2014 C C Thymelicus sylvestris (Poda) Small Skipper 05.08.2014 C C Family: Pieridae Whites & Yellows etc. Anthocharis cardamines (Linnaeus) Orange Tip 23.04.2014 C C Colias crocea (Geoffroy) Clouded Yellow 09.08.2014 L RS Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus) Brimstone 23.04.2014 C C Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus) Large White 15.05.2014 C C Pieris napi (Linnaeus) Green-veined White 23.04.2014 C C Pieris rapae (Linnaeus) Small White 23.04.2014 C C Family: Nymphalidae Brush-footed butterflies etc. Aglais io (Linnaeus) Peacock 23.04.2014 C C Aglais urticae (Linnaeus) Small Tortoiseshell 26.03.2014 C C Aphantopus hyperantus (Linnaeus) Ringlet 08.07.2014 C C Coenonympha pamphilus (Linnaeus) Small Heath 26.06.2015 SPIE L 89 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus) Meadow Brown 12.06.2014 C C Pararge aegeria (Linnaeus) Speckled Wood 23.04.2014 C C Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus) Comma 23.08.2015 C C Pyronia tithonus (Linnaeus) Gatekeeper 05.08.2014 C C Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus) Red Admiral 12.06.2014 C C Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus) Painted Lady 05.08.2014 C C Family: Lycaenidae Blues & Hairstreaks etc. Aricia agestis (Denis & Schiffermüller) Brown Argus 12.06.2014 L L Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus) Holly Blue 08.08.2015 C L Lycaena phlaeas (Linnaeus) Small Copper 15.05.2014 C C Polyommatus icarus (Rottemburg) Common Blue 06.06.2014 C C Order: Coleoptera Beetles Suborder: Adephaga Ground beetles etc. Family: Carabidae Ground beetles Agonum marginatum (Linnaeus) a ground beetle 27.06.2015 C C Amara communis (Panzer) a ground beetle 05.05.2016 C L Amara convexior Stephens a ground beetle 05.05.2016 L RS Amara eurynota (Panzer) a ground beetle 08.07.2014 L L Amara familiaris (Duftschmid) a ground beetle 12.06.2014 C C Amara lunicollis Schiödte a ground beetle 07.07.2016 C L Amara ovata (Fabricius) a ground beetle 12.06.2014 C L Amara plebeja (Gyllenhal) a ground beetle 15.05.2014 C C Anchomenus dorsalis (Pontoppidan) a ground beetle 11.04.2016 C C Bembidion articulatum (Panzer) a ground beetle 02.06.2016 L RS Bembidion bruxellense Wesmael a ground beetle 08.07.2014 C L Bembidion illigeri Netolitzky a ground beetle 15.05.2014 L L Bembidion lampros (Herbst) a ground beetle 12.06.2014 C C Bembidion properans (Stephens) a ground beetle 08.04.2015 L L Bembidion quadrimaculatum (Linnaeus) a ground beetle 12.06.2014 L L Bembidion tetracolum Say a ground beetle 08.04.2015 C C Calathus fuscipes (Goeze) a ground beetle 02.07.2016 C C Calathus melanocephalus (Linnaeus) a ground beetle 26.09.2015 C C Cicindela campestris Linnaeus Green Tiger Beetle 08.04.2015 L L Curtonotus aulicus (Panzer) a ground beetle 04.08.2016 C C Elaphrus riparius (Linnaeus) a ground beetle 15.05.2014 C C Harpalus affinis (Schrank) a ground beetle 09.05.2016 C L Harpalus rubripes (Duftschmid) a ground beetle 05.05.2016 L RS Harpalus tardus (Panzer) a ground beetle 05.05.2016 L RS Loricera pilicornis (Fabricius) a ground beetle 12.06.2014 C C Nebria brevicollis (Fabricius) a ground beetle 21.05.2015 C C Nebria salina Fairmaire & Laboulbéne a ground beetle 23.04.2014 C L Notiophilus biguttatus (Fabricius) a ground beetle 15.05.2014 C C Ocys harpaloides (Audinet-Serville) a ground beetle 08.04.2015 C C Poecilus versicolor (Sturm) a ground beetle 23.04.2014 C C Pterostichus madidus (Fabricius) a ground beetle 21.07.2016 C C Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger) a ground beetle 08.09.2015 C C Pterostichus niger (Schaller) a ground beetle 07.09.2014 C C Pterostichus nigrita (Paykull) a ground beetle 04.08.2016 C C Pterostichus strenuus (Panzer) a ground beetle 11.04.2016 C C

90 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Family: Dytiscidae Water beetles Acilius sulcatus (Linnaeus) a water beetle 08.04.2015 C C Agabus bipustulatus (Linnaeus) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Agabus didymus (Olivier) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Agabus nebulosus (Forster) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Agabus sturmii (Gyllenhal) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Colymbetes fuscus (Linnaeus) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Dytiscus species a water beetle 04.08.2016 n/a n/a Hydroglyphus geminus (Fabricius) a water beetle 04.08.2016 L L Hydroporus melanarius Sturm a water beetle 04.08.2016 L L Hydroporus palustris (Linnaeus) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Hydroporus planus (Fabricius) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Hydroporus tristis (Paykull) a water beetle 04.08.2016 L L Hygrotus inaequalis (Fabricius) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Hyphydrus ovatus (Linnaeus) a water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Family: Gyrinidae Whirligig beetles Gyrinus substriatus (Stephens) a whirligig beetle 08.07.2014 C C Family: Haliplidae Crawling water beetles Haliplus heydeni Wehncke a crawling water beetle 04.08.2016 L L Haliplus lineatocollis (Marsham) a crawling water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Haliplus ruficollis (De Geer) [s. s.] a crawling water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Suborder: Polyphaga Beetles and weevils Family: Hydrophilidae Scavenger water beetles Anacaena lutescens (Stephens) a scavenger water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Enochrus species a scavenger water beetle 04.08.2016 n/a n/a Helochares lividus (Forster) a scavenger water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Hydrobius fuscipes (Linnaeus) a scavenger water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Laccobius bipunctatus (Fabricius) a scavenger water beetle 04.08.2016 C C Family: Helophoridae Water scavenger beetles Helophorus minutus [s. s.] a water scavenger beetle 04.08.2016 C C Family: Hydraenidae Moss beetles Ochthbius minimus (Fabricius) a moss beetle 04.08.2016 C C Family: Silphidae Carrion beetles etc. Nicrophorus vespillo (Linnaeus) a sexton beetle 29.07.2015 C C Silpha atrata (Linnaeus) ssp. subrotundata (Leach) a carrion beetle 09.05.2016 C C Silpha tristis (Illiger) a carrion beetle 21.05.2015 L RS Family: Staphylinidae Rove beetles Ocypus olens (Müller) Devil’s Coach Horse 08.09.2015 C C Stenus comma (LeConte) a rove beetle 03.06.2015 L RS Family: Elateridae Click beetles Adrastus pallens (Fabricius) a click beetle 08.07.2014 L U Cidnopus aeruginosus (Olivier) a click beetle 05.05.2016 L U Denticollis linearis (Linnaeus) a click beetle 02.06.2015 C U Family: Cantharidae Soldier beetles Cantharis cryptica Ashe a soldier beetle 02.06.2016 C C Cantharis livida Linnaeus a soldier beetle 03.06.2015 C C Cantharis nigra (De Geer) a soldier beetle 01.07.2015 C C Cantharis nigricans (Müller) a soldier beetle 03.06.2015 C C Cantharis pallida Goeze a soldier beetle 06.06.2016 L C Cantharis pellucida Fabricius a soldier beetle 02.06.2016 C C 91 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Cantharis rufa Linnaeus a soldier beetle 03.06.2015 C C Cantharis rustica Fallén a soldier beetle 15.05.2014 C C Rhagonycha fulva (Scopoli) a soldier beetle 08.07.2014 C C Family: Melyridae Soft-wing flower beetles Malachius bipustulatus (Linnaeus) Malachite Beetle 15.05.2014 C C Family: Nitidulidae Pollen beetles etc. Glischrochilus hortensis (Geoffroy) a picnic beetle 08.04.2015 C C Meligethes aeneus (Fabricius) Rape Fly 08.07.2014 C C Family: Coccinellidae Ladybirds Adalia bipunctata (Linnaeus) 2-spot Ladybird 21.05.2015 C C Calvia quattuordecimguttata (Linnaeus) Cream-spot Ladybird 20.06.2016 C C Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus) 7-spot Ladybird 26.03.2014 C C Exochomus quadripustulatus (Linnaeus) Pine Ladybird 20.06.2016 C C Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) Harlequin Ladybird 23.04.2014 C C Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Linnaeus) 14-spot Ladybird 23.04.2014 C C Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata (Linnaeus) 22-spot Ladybird 12.06.2014 C C Family: Oedemeridae False blister beetles Oedemera lurida (Marsham) a false blister beetle 06.06.2016 L L Family: Cerambycidae Longhorn beetles Clytus arietis (Linnaeus) Wasp Beetle 12.06.2014 C L Rutpela maculata (Poda) a longhorn beetle 09.07.2014 C L Tetropium gabrieli Weise Larch Longhorn Beetle 09.05.2016 L L Family: Chrysomelidae Leaf beetles Cassida rubiginosa Müller Thistle Tortoise Beetle 06.06.2016 C C Oulema melanopus (Linnaeus) [s. l.] Cereal Leaf Beetle 05.05.2016 C C Family: Apionidae Weevils Oxystoma cerdo (Gerstäcker) a weevil 08.07.2014 JNCC L Protapion apricans (Herbst) a clover seed weevil 08.07.2014 C C Protapion fulvipes (Geoffroy) a weevil 08.07.2014 C C Family: Curculionidae Weevils Phyllobius argentatus (Linnaeus) a weevil 21.05.2015 C L Phyllobius pyri (Linnaeus) Common Leaf Weevil 05.05.2016 C C Sitona lineatus (Linnaeus) Pea and Bean Weevil 08.07.2014 C C Tychius picirostris (Fabricius) a clover seed weevil 08.07.2014 C L Order: Hymenoptera Wasps, bees & sawflies etc. Suborder: Symphyta Sawflies Family: Argidae Sawflies Arge cyanocrocea (Förster) Bramble Sawfly 02.06.2016 L L Arge ustulata (Linnaeus) a sawfly 03.06.2015 C C Family: Cephidae Sawflies Cephus spinipes (Panzer) a sawfly 03.06.2015 C U Family: Tenthredinidae Sawflies Athalia ancilla Serville a sawfly 21.05.2015 L U Athalia bicolor Serville a sawfly 02.07.2016 L U Athalia cordata Lepeletier a sawfly 03.06.2015 C L Craesus septentrionalis (Linnaeus) a sawfly 23.08.2014 L U Dineura stilata (Klug) a sawfly 03.06.2015 C U Dolerus aeneus Hartig a sawfly 21.05.2015 C C Dolerus gonager (Fabricius) a sawfly 21.05.2015 C C Dolerus madidus (Klug) a sawfly 06.06.2016 L L 92 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Dolerus nigratus (Müller) a sawfly 08.04.2015 C C Dolerus picipes (Klug) a sawfly 21.05.2015 C C Dolerus sanguinicollis (Klug) a sawfly 08.04.2015 C C Dolerus yokonensis Norton a sawfly 09.05.2016 L U Eriocampa ovata (Linnaeus) Woolly Alder Sawfly 27.08.2016 C U Fenusa dohrnii (Tischbein) a sawfly 23.08.2014 C U Pachynematus clitellatus (Serville) a sawfly 17.08.2015 C U Pachynematus extensicornis (Norton) a sawfly 06.06.2016 U U Pachyprotasis rapae (Linnaeus) a sawfly 03.06.2015 C C Rhogogaster viridis (Linnaeus) Green Sawfly 22.06.2016 C C Selandria melanosterna (Serville) a sawfly 01.07.2015 L U Selandria serva (Fabricius) a sawfly 17.08.2015 C C Tenthredo arcuata Förster a sawfly 21.05.2015 C C Tenthredo atra Linnaeus a sawfly 03.06.2015 C C Tenthredo brevicornis (Konow) a sawfly 21.05.2015 C C Tenthredo celtica Benson a sawfly 03.06.2015 C C Tenthredo notha Klug a sawfly 07.09.2014 C C Tenthredo velox Fabricius a sawfly 21.07.2016 L U Tenthredopsis nassata (Linnaeus) a sawfly 11.04.2016 C C Suborder: Apocrita Bees & ichneumons etc. Superfamily: Aculeata Ants, bees & wasps Family: Chrysididae Ruby-tailed wasps Chrysis corusca Valkeila a ruby-tailed wasp 07.07.2016 U U Chrysis ignita Linnaeus a ruby-tailed wasp 02.07.2016 C L Family: Formicidae Ants Lasius niger (Linnaeus) [s. s.] Black Garden Ant 08.04.2015 C C Myrmica rubra (Linnaeus) Common Red Ant 23.04.2014 C C Family: Mutillidae Velvet ants etc. Myrmosa atra Panzer Black-headed Velvet Ant 17.08.2015 C L Family: Pompilidae Spider-hunting wasps Priocnemis perturbator (Harris) a spider-hunting wasp 15.05.2014 L L Family: Tiphiidae Solitary wasps Tiphia minuta Vander Linden a solitary wasp 07.07.2016 JNCC RS Family: Eumenidae Potter wasps Ancistrocerus gazella (Panzer) a potter wasp 01.07.2015 C L Family: Vespidae Social wasps Dolichovespula norwegica (Fabricius) Norwegian Wasp 07.07.2016 C C Dolichovespula saxonica (Fabricius) Saxon Wasp 03.06.2015 JNCC L Dolichovespula sylvestris (Scopoli) Tree Wasp 05.08.2014 C C Vespa crabro Linnaeus Hornet 15.05.2014 L L Vespula germanica (Fabricius) German Wasp 23.04.2014 C C Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus) Common Wasp 23.04.2014 C C Family: Crabronidae Solitary wasps Crabro cribrarius (Linnaeus) a solitary wasp 01.07.2015 C C Crossocerus quadrimaculatus (Fabricius) a solitary wasp 17.08.2015 C C Ectemnius continuus (Fabricius) a solitary wasp 17.08.2015 C C Mellinus arvensis (Linnaeus ) Field Digger Wasp 17.08.2015 C C Psenulus pallipes (Panzer) a solitary wasp 12.06.2014 C C Family: Colletidae Mining bees Colletes daviesanus Smith Davies’ Mining Bee 08.07.2014 L L 93 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Family: Andrenidae Mining bees Andrena bicolor Fabricius Gwynne’s Mining Bee 23.04.2014 C C Andrena denticulata (Kirby) Grey-banded Mining Bee 05.08.2014 L L Andrena fulva (Müller) Tawny Mining Bee 23.04.2014 C C Andrena haemorrhoa (Fabricius) Early Mining Bee 23.04.2014 C C Andrena minutula (Kirby) Common Mini-miner 08.04.2015 C L Andrena nigroaenea (Kirby) Buffish Mining Bee 15.05.2014 C C Andrena scotica Perkins Chocolate Mining Bee 15.05.2014 C C Andrena subopaca Nylander Impunctate Mini-miner 23.04.2014 C C Andrena wilkella (Kirby) Wilke’s Mining Bee 03.06.2015 L L Family: Halictidae Mining bees etc. Halictus rubicundus (Christ) Orange-legged Furrow Bee 12.06.2014 L L Lasioglossum albipes (Fabricius) Bloomed Furrow Bee 12.06.2014 C C Lasioglossum calceatum (Scopoli) Common Furrow Bee 07.09.2014 C C Lasioglossum leucopus (Kirby) White-footed Furrow Bee 09.05.2016 L L Lasioglossum leucozonium (Schrank) White-zoned Furrow Bee 12.06.2014 C L Lasioglossum minutissimum (Kirby) Least Furrow Bee 12.06.2014 L RS Lasioglossum rufitarse (Zetterstedt) Rufous-footed Furrow Bee 23.04.2014 L L Lasioglossum villosulum (Kirby) Shaggy Furrow Bee 07.09.2014 C L Sphecodes ephippius (Linnaeus) Bare-saddled Blood Bee 23.04.2014 L L Sphecodes gibbus (Linnaeus) Dark-winged Blood Bee 05.08.2014 L L Family: Megachilidae Mason bees etc. Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus) Wool Carder Bee 05.08.2014 L L Coelioxys rufescens Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville Rufescent Sharp-tail Bee 01.07.2015 L L Megachile centuncularis (Linnaeus) Patchwork Leaf-cutter Bee 07.07.2016 C L Megachile ligniseca (Kirby) Wood-carving Leaf-cutter Bee 02.07.2016 C L Osmia bicornis (Linnaeus) Red Mason Bee 12.06.2014 C C Family: Anthophoridae Nomad bees Nomada flava Panzer Flavous Nomad Bee 09.05.2016 C L Nomada goodeniana (Kirby) Gooden’s Nomad Bee 21.05.2015 C C Nomada marshamella (Kirby) Marsham’s Nomad Bee 12.06.2014 C C Family: Apidae Bumblebees etc. Apis mellifera Linnaeus Honey Bee 12.06.2014 C C Bombus bohemicus (Seidl) Gypsy Cuckoo-bee 23.04.2014 C C Bombus campestris (Panzer) Field Cuckoo-bee 15.05.2014 C C Bombus hortorum (Linnaeus) Small Garden Bumblebee 23.04.2014 C C Bombus hypnorum (Linnaeus) Tree Bumblebee 23.04.2014 C C Bombus lapidarius (Linnaeus) Red-tailed Bumblebee 23.04.2014 C C Bombus lucorum (Linnaeus) White-tailed Bumblebee 23.04.2014 C C Bombus pascuorum (Scopoli) Common Carder-bee 23.04.2014 C C Bombus pratorum (Linnaeus) Early Bumblebee 12.06.2014 C C Bombus rupestris (Fabricius) Hill Cuckoo-bee 23.04.2014 JNCC C Bombus sylvestris (Lepeletier) Forest Cuckoo-bee 23.04.2014 C C Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus) Buff-tailed Bumblebee 26.03.2014 C C Bombus vestalis (Geoffroy) Vestal Cuckoo-bee 23.04.2014 C C Superfamily: Parasitica Ichneumon wasps etc. Family: Cynipidae Gall Wasps Andricus kollari (Hartig) Oak Marble Gall Wasp 08.07.2014 C C Cynips divisa Hartig Red Pea Gall Wasp 24.07.2016 C C

94 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Family: Ichneumonidae Ichneumon wasps Achaius oratorius (Fabricius) an ichneumon wasp 01.09.2016 U U Alomya debellator (Fabricius) an ichneumon wasp 21.05.2015 U U Banchus falcatorius (Fabricius) an ichneumon wasp 08.07.2014 U U Ctenichneumon panzeri (Wesmael) an ichneumon wasp 08.07.2014 U U Cylloceria melancholica (Gravenhorst) an ichneumon wasp 17.08.2015 U U Dusona terebrator (Förster) an ichneumon wasp 21.05.2015 U U Eurylabus torvus Wesmael an ichneumon wasp 01.09.2016 U U Ichneumon sarcitorius Linnaeus an ichneumon wasp 02.07.2016 C C Glyphicnemis profligator (Fabricius) an ichneumon wasp 01.07.2015 U U Polyblastus varitarsus (Gravenhorst) an ichneumon wasp 02.06.2016 U U Scambus buolianae (Hartig) an ichneumon wasp 01.09.2016 U U Syrphoctonus tarsatorius (Panzer) an ichneumon wasp 17.08.2015 U U Trychosis legator (Thunberg) an ichneumon wasp 01.07.2015 U U Tryphon trochanteratus Holmgren an ichneumon wasp 06.06.2016 U U Tymmophorus obscuripes (Holmgren) an ichneumon wasp 02.07.2016 U U Order: Diptera True flies Suborder: Nematocera Thread-horns Nephrotoma appendiculata (Pierre) a crane-fly 15.05.2014 C C Nephrotoma flavescens (Linnaeus) a crane-fly 12.06.2014 C C Nephrotoma scurra (Meigen) a crane-fly 12.06.2014 L L Tipula couckei Tonnoir a crane-fly 04.08.2016 L L Tipula fascipennis Meigen a crane-fly 07.07.2016 C C Tipula lateralis Meigen a crane-fly 07.09.2014 C C Tipula lunata Linnaeus a crane-fly 02.06.2016 C C Tipula oleracea Linnaeus a crane-fly 15.05.2014 C C Tipula paludosa Meigen a crane-fly 07.09.2014 C C Tipula vernalis Meigen a crane-fly 15.05.2014 C C Family: Limoniidae Crane-flies Dicranomyia modesta (Meigen) a crane-fly 02.06.2016 C C Epiphragma occelare (Linnaeus) a crane-fly 15.05.2014 L L Limonia phragmitidis (Schrank) a crane-fly 21.05.2015 C C Symplecta hybrida (Meigen) a crane-fly 08.07.2014 L C Symplecta stictica (Meigen) a crane-fly 02.06.2016 C C Family: Bibionidae March flies Bibio johannis (Linnaeus) a March fly 23.04.2014 C C Bibio leucopterus (Meigen) a March fly 21.05.2015 C C Bibio marci (Linnaeus) St. Mark’s Fly 05.05.2016 C C Bibio nigriventris Haliday a March fly 21.05.2015 C C Dilophus febrilis (Linnaeus) Fever Fly 23.04.2014 C C Dilophus femoratus Meigen a March fly 11.04.2016 C C Family: Sciaridae Dark-winged Fungus gnats Sciara hemerobioides (Scopoli) a dark-winged fungus gnat 17.08.2015 C C Family: Anisopodidae Wood gnats Sylvicola fenestralis (Scopoli) a wood gnat O7.09.2014 C C Sylvicola punctatus (Fabricius) a wood gnat 09.08.2014 C C Family: Culicidae Mosquitoes Aedes punctor (Kirby) a mosquito 17.08.2015 C C

95 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Suborder: Brachycera Short-horns Family: Rhagionidae Snipe-flies Chrysopilus cristatus (Fabricius) Black Snipe-fly 12.06.2014 C C Rhagio lineola Fabricius Small Fleck-winged Snipe-fly 08.07.2014 C C Rhagio scolopaceus (Linnaeus) Down-looker Fly 15.05.2014 C C Rhagio tringarius (Linnaeus) Marsh Snipe-fly 08.07.2014 C C Family: Tabanidae Horseflies Chrysops relictus Meigen Twin-lobed Deerfly 08.07.2014 L L Haematopota pluvialis (Linnaeus) Notch-horned Cleg 12.06.2014 C C Family: Stratiomyidae Soldier-flies Beris chalybata (Forster) Murky-legged Black Legionnaire 23.04.2014 C C Beris vallata (Forster) Common Orange Legionnaire 09.07.2014 C C Chloromyia formosa (Scopoli) Broad Centurion 12.06.2014 C C Chorisops tibialis (Meigen) Dull Four-spined Legionnaire 09.07.2014 L L Microchrysa polita (Linnaeus) Black-horned Gem 21.05.2015 C C Sargus bipunctatus (Scopoli) Twin-spot Centurion 26.09.2015 L L Family: Bombyliidae Bee-flies Bombylius major Linnaeus Dark-edged Bee-fly 23.04.2014 C C Family: Therevidae Stiletto-flies Thereva nobilitata (Fabricius) Common Stiletto-fly 08.07.2014 C C Family: Asilidae Robber-flies Dioctria atricapilla Meigen Violet Black-legged Robber-fly 12.06.2014 L L Dioctria rufipes (De Geer) Common Red-legged Robber-fly 15.05.2014 L C Leptogaster cylindrica (De Geer) Striped Slender Robber-fly 08.07.2014 C C Leptogaster guttiventris Zetterstedt Dashed Slender Robber-fly 03.06.2015 L L Family: Hybotidae Dance flies Bicellaria vana Collin a dance fly 15.05.2014 C C Hybos culiciformis (Fabricius) a dance fly 21.07.2016 C C Platypalpus agilis (Meigen) a dance fly 03.06.2015 C C Platypalpus articulatus Macquart a dance fly 08.07.2014 JNCC U Platypalpus longicornis (Meigen) a dance fly 09.05.2016 C C Platypalpus minutus (Meigen) [s. s.] a dance fly 01.07.2015 C C Family: Empididae Dance flies Dolichocephala guttata (Haliday) a dance fly 23.04.2014 C C Empis albinervis Meigen a dance fly 09.07.2014 L C Empis chioptera Meigen a dance fly 09.05.2016 C C Empis livida Linnaeus a dance fly 12.06.2014 C C Empis nigripes Fabricius a dance fly 15.05.2014 C C Empis nuntia Meigen a dance fly 15.05.2014 C C Empis praevia Collin a dance fly 02.06.2016 L C Empis stercorea Linnaeus a dance fly 03.06.2015 C C Empis tessellata Fabricius a dance fly 15.05.2014 C C Empis trigramma Wiedemann a dance fly 21.05.2015 C C Hilara cornicula Loew a dance fly 21.05.2015 L C Hilara interstincta (Fallén) a dance fly 03.06.2015 C C Hilara litorea (Fallén) a dance fly 07.07.2016 C C Hilara manicata Meigen a dance fly 08.07.2014 C C Hilara maura (Fabricius) a dance fly 15.05.2014 C C Hilara quadrifasciata Chvála a dance fly 21.05.2015 C C Rhamphomyia albohirta Collin a dance fly 05.05.2016 C C 96 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Rhamphomyia subcinerascens Collin a dance fly 09.05.2016 L L Rhamphomyia sulcata (Meigen) a dance fly 23.04.2014 C C Rhamphomyia tarsata Meigen a dance fly 21.05.2015 C C Family: Dolichopodidae Long-legged flies Campsicnemus curvipes (Fallén) a long-legged fly 02.07.2016 C C Chrysotimus molliculus (Fallén) a long-legged fly 14.08.2016 L U Chrysotus gramineus (Fallén) a long-legged fly 17.08.2015 C C Chrysotus neglectus (Wiedemann) a long-legged fly 12.06.2014 L C Dolichopus claviger Stannius a long-legged fly 21.05.2015 C C Dolichopus festivus Haliday a long-legged fly 09.07.2014 C C Dolichopus longicornis Stannius a long-legged fly 12.06.2014 L L Dolichopus plumipes (Scopoli) a long-legged fly 12.06.2014 C C Dolichopus subpennatus d’Assis-Fonseca a long-legged fly 01.07.2015 C L Dolichopus trivialis Haliday a long-legged fly 08.07.2014 C C Dolichopus ungulatus (Linnaeus) a long-legged fly 08.07.2014 C C Medetera saxatilis Collin a long-legged fly 05.08.2014 L L Medetera truncorum Meigen a long-legged fly 02.07.2016 C C Sympycnus desoutteri Parent a long-legged fly 09.08.2014 C C Syntormon pallipes (Fabricius) a long-legged fly 15.05.2014 C C Xanthochlorus tenellus (Wiedemann) a long-legged fly 01.07.2015 L L Family: Lonchopteridae Pointed-winged flies Lonchoptera bifurcata (Fallén) a pointed-winged fly 05.08.2014 C C Lonchoptera lutea Panzer a pointed-winged fly 23.04.2014 C C Family: Syrphidae Hoverflies Cheilosia albitarsis (Meigen) [s. s.] a hoverfly 21.05.2015 C C Cheilosia bergenstammi Becker a hoverfly 23.04.2014 L C Cheilosia illustrata (Harris) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Cheilosia latifrons (Zetterstedt) a hoverfly 17.08.2015 L L Cheilosia pagana (Meigen) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Cheilosia ranunculi Doczkal a hoverfly 21.05.2015 U U Cheilosia variabilis (Panzer) a hoverfly 15.05.2014 C C Cheilosia vernalis (Fallén) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Chrysogaster solstitialis (Fallén) a hoverfly 05.08.2014 C C Chrysotoxum festivum (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 L L Dasysyrphus albostriatus (Fallén) a hoverfly 29.07.2014 C C Dasysyrphus pinastri (De Geer) a hoverfly 03.06.2015 L L Dasysyrphus tricinctus (Fallén) a hoverfly 17.08.2015 C C Epistrophe eligans (Harris) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Epistrophe grossulariae (Meigen) a hoverfly 05.08.2014 L C Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Eristalis arbustorum (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Eristalis interruptus (Poda) a hoverfly 09.07.2014 C C Eristalis intricarius (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 08.07.2014 C C Eristalis pertinax (Scopoli) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus) Drone-fly 23.04.2014 C C Eupeodes corollae (Fabricius) a hoverfly 02.07.2016 C C Eupeodes luniger (Meigen) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Helophilus hybridus Loew a hoverfly 08.07.2014 L L Helophilus pendulus (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Helophilus trivittatus (Fabricius) a hoverfly 08.07.2014 L L 97 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Leucozona lucorum (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Meliscaeva auricollis (Meigen) a hoverfly 08.09.2015 C C Meliscaeva cinctella (Zetterstedt) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Merodon equestris (Fabricius) a hoverfly 15.05.2014 C C Pipiza noctiluca (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 03.06.2015 C C Pipizella viduata (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 21.05.2015 C L Platycheirus albimanus (Fabricius) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Platycheirus angustatus (Zetterstedt) a hoverfly 21.05.2015 C C Platycheirus clypeatus (Meigen) a hoverfly 08.07.2014 C C Platycheirus manicatus (Meigen) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Platycheirus occultus Goeldlin de Tiefenau, Maibach & Speight a hoverfly 01.07.2015 L U Platycheirus scutatus (Meigen) [s. s.] a hoverfly 01.09.2016 C C Rhingia campestris Meigen a hoverfly 08.07.2014 C C Sphaerophoria interrupta (Fabricius) a hoverfly 15.05.2014 L L Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 08.07.2014 C C Syritta pipiens (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Syrphus ribesii (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Syrphus torvus Osten Sacken a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Syrphus vitripennis Meigen a hoverfly 23.04.2014 C C Volucella bombylans (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 09.07.2014 C C Volucella pellucens (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 12.06.2014 C C Xylota segnis (Linnaeus) a hoverfly 03.06.2015 C C Family: Pipunculidae Big-headed flies Eudorylas inferus Collin a big-headed fly 07.07.2016 JNCC U Eudorylas obliquus Coe a big-headed fly 01.07.2015 JNCC U Eudorylas subterminatus Collin a big-headed fly 09.05.2016 C U Pipunculus campestris Latreille a big-headed fly 01.07.2015 C C Pipunculus zugmayeriae Kowarz a big-headed fly 02.06.2016 JNCC L Family: Micropezidae Stilt-legged flies Micropeza corrigiolata (Linnaeus) a stilt-legged fly 06.06.2016 L L Neria ephippium (Fabricius) a stilt-legged fly 01.07.2015 L L Family: Psilidae Rust flies Imantimyia albiseta (Schrank) a rust fly 14.08.2016 C L Family: Conopidae Thick-headed flies Conops flavipes Linnaeus a thick-headed fly 09.07.2014 C C Conops quadrifasciatus De Geer a thick-headed fly 05.08.2014 L C Physocephala rufipes (Fabricius) a thick-headed fly 05.08.2014 L L Sicus ferrugineus (Linnaeus) a thick-headed fly 12.06.2014 L C Family: Platystomatidae Picture-winged flies Rivellia syngenesiae (Fabricius) a picture-winged fly 12.06.2014 L L Family: Tephritidae Picture-winged flies Anomoia purmunda (Harris) a picture-winged fly 17.08.2015 L C Campiglossa misella (Loew) a picture-winged fly 06.06.2016 C C Chaetorellia jaceae (Robineau-Desvoidy) a picture-winged fly 06.06.2016 L L Tephritis formosa (Loew) a picture-winged fly 12.06.2014 L L Tephritis neesii (Meigen) a picture-winged fly 23.04.2014 L L Tephritis vespertina (Loew) a picture-winged fly 15.05.2014 C C Terellia serratulae (Linnaeus) a picture-winged fly 08.07.2014 C C 98 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Urophora jaceana (Hering) a picture-winged fly 06.06.2016 C C Family: Dryomyzidae Dryomyzid flies Dryomyza anilis Fallén a dryomyzid fly 01.09.2016 C C Family: Sciomyzidae Marsh flies Coremacera marginata (Fabricius) a marsh fly 14.08.2016 L L Elgiva cucularia (Linnaeus) a marsh fly 23.04.2014 L L Ilione albiseta (Scopoli) a marsh fly 21.05.2015 C C Pherbellia cinerella (Fallén) a marsh fly 07.09.2014 C C Tetanocera elata (Fabricius) a marsh fly 03.06.2015 C C Tetanocera robusta Loew a marsh fly 15.05.2014 C C Family: Sepsidae Black scavenger flies Nemopoda nitidula (Fallén) a black scavenger fly 14.08.2016 C C Sepsis cynipsea (Linnaeus) a black scavenger fly 17.08.2015 C C Sepsis fulgens Meigen a black scavenger fly 12.06.2014 C C Sepsis orthocnemis Frey a black scavenger fly 15.05.2014 C C Sepsis violacea Meigen a black scavenger fly 12.06.2014 C C Themira annulipes (Meigen) a black scavenger fly 15.05.2014 C C Themira leachi (Meigen) a black scavenger fly 15.05.2014 L U Family: Agromyzidae Leaf-mining flies Agromyza alnivora Spencer a leaf-mining fly 09.08.2014 U U Liriomyza strigata (Meigen) a leaf-mining fly 19.10.2016 U U Phytomyza leucanthemi Hering a leaf-mining fly 27.08.2016 U U Family: Opomyzidae Cereal flies Geomyza balachowskyi Mesnil a cereal fly 01.09.2016 C C Geomyza tripunctata Fallén a cereal fly 08.04.2015 C C Opomyza florum (Fabricius) Yellow Cereal Fly 07.09.2014 C C Opomyza germinationis (Linnaeus) a cereal fly 07.09.2014 C C Opomyza petrei Mesnil a cereal fly 02.07.2016 C C Family: Heleomyzidae Heleomyzid flies Suillia affinis (Meigen) a heleomyzid fly 21.05.2015 L L Suillia variegata (Loew) a heleomyzid fly 05.08.2014 C C Family: Scathophagidae Dung flies etc. Nanna armillata (Zetterstedt) a Timothy fly 09.05.2016 C U Nanna fasciata (Meigen) a Timothy fly 11.04.2016 C C Nanna flavipes (Fallén) a Timothy fly 06.06.2016 L U Nanna inermis (Becker) a Timothy fly 09.05.2016 L U Norellia spinipes (Meigen) a daffodil leaf-mining fly 11.04.2016 JNCC U Norellisoma spinimanum (Fallén) a dung fly 09.05.2016 C C Scathophaga stercorea (Linnaeus) Yellow Dung Fly 23.04.2014 C C Family: Anthomyiidae Root-maggot flies etc. Delia florilega (Zetterstedt) an anthomyiid fly 03.06.2015 C C Delia platura (Meigen) Seedcorn Maggot Fly 03.06.2015 C C Family: Muscidae Houseflies, sweat flies etc. Coenosia testacea (Robineau-Desvoidy) a muscid fly 09.05.2016 C C Coenosia tigrina (Fabricius) a muscid fly 21.05.2015 C C Eudasyphora cyanella (Meigen) a muscid fly 11.04.2016 C C Graphomya maculata (Scopoli) a muscid fly 05.08.2014 C C Helina calceata (Rondani) a muscid fly 21.07.2016 JNCC RS Helina depuncta (Fallén) a muscid fly 03.06.2015 C C Helina evecta (Harris) a muscid fly 08.04.2015 C C 99 APPENDIX 3: FULL INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2014 TO 2016

FIRST NAT. REG. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME RECORD STATUS STATUS Helina impuncta (Fallén) a muscid fly 21.05.2015 C C Helina quadrum (Fabricius) a muscid fly 17.08.2015 C C Helina reversio (Harris) a muscid fly 17.08.2015 C C Helina setiventris Ringdahl a muscid fly 21.07.2016 C C Helina trivittata (Zetterstedt) a muscid fly 04.08.2016 C C Hydrotaea irritans (Fallén) a sweat fly 07.07.2016 C C Hydrotaea militaris (Meigen) a sweat-fly 03.06.2015 C L Mesembrina meridiana Linnaeus Noon Fly 03.06.2015 C C Muscina levida (Harris) a muscid fly 14.08.2016 C C Mydaea urbana (Meigen) a muscid fly 01.09.2016 C C Myospila meditabunda (Fabricius) a muscid fly 01.09.2016 C C Phaonia angelicae (Scopoli) a muscid fly 01.09.2016 C C Phaonia errans (Meigen) a muscid fly 12.06.2014 C C Phaonia fuscata (Fallén) a muscid fly 03.06.2015 L L Phaonia incana (Wiedemann) a muscid fly 21.05.2015 C C Phaonia serva (Meigen) a muscid fly 03.06.2015 C C Phaonia subventa (Harris) a muscid fly 15.05.2014 C C Phaonia tuguriorum (Scopoli) a muscid fly 02.06.2016 C C Family: Calliphoridae Bluebottles etc. Bellardia viarum (Robineau-Desvoidy) Dark-veined Emerald-bottle 14.08.2016 C C Bellardia vulgaris (Robineau-Desvoidy) Pale-veined Emerald-bottle 23.04.2014 C C Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy Common Bluebottle 23.04.2014 C C Calliphora vomitoria (Linnaeus) Orange-bearded Bluebottle 03.06.2015 C C Cynomya mortuorum (Linnaeus) Yellow-faced Blowfly 21.05.2015 C L Lucilia ampullacea Villeneuve Streakless Greenbottle 14.08.2016 L RS Lucilia caesar (Linnaeus) Common Greenbottle 15.05.2014 C C Lucilia illustris (Meigen) Illustrious Greenbottle 12.06.2014 C C Lucilia silvarum (Meigen) Marsh Greenbottle 21.05.2015 L L Pollenia rudis (Fabricius) Common Clusterfly 12.06.2014 C C Family: Sarcophagidae Flesh flies Sarcophaga carnaria (Linnaeus) a flesh fly 03.06.2015 C C Sarcophaga haemorrhoa Meigen a flesh fly 17.08.2015 C L Sarcophaga vagans Meigen a flesh fly 02.06.2016 C C Family: Tachinidae Parasitic flies Blepharomyia pagana (Meigen) a parasitic fly 08.07.2014 C RS Dexiosoma caninum (Fabricius) a parasitic fly 14.08.2016 C L Dufouria chalybeata (Meigen) a parasitic fly 07.07.2016 C RS Eriothrix rufomaculata (De Geer) a parasitic fly 05.08.2014 C C Eurithia anthophila (Robineau-Desvoidy) a parasitic fly 05.08.2014 C C Exorista rustica (Fallén) a parasitic fly 08.07.2014 C C Gonia picea (Robineau-Desvoidy) a parasitic fly 11.04.2016 L RS Lypha dubia (Fallén) a parasitic fly 21.05.2015 C L Pales pavida (Meigen) a parasitic fly 06.06.2016 C L Phasia hemiptera (Fabricius) a parasitic fly 05.08.2014 L L Phryxe vulgaris (Fallén) a parasitic fly 15.05.2014 C C Siphona geniculata (De Geer) a parasitic fly 15.05.2014 C C Tachina fera (Linnaeus) a parasitic fly 07.09.2014 C C Thelaira nigrina (Fallén) a parasitic fly 07.07.2016 C L Thelaira solivaga (Harris) a parasitic fly 02.06.2016 C RS Trixa conspersa (Harris) a parasitic fly 08.09.2015 C L 100 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

Current nomenclature is used except in problematic cases. Orders and families are in general checklist order. Within families, the genera are listed in alphabetical order. Within genera, the species are also listed in alphabetical order. Appendix 5 [pages 114 to 124] contains a table showing a dissection of the invertebrate data from 2016. Appendix 10 [pages 159 to 195] contains details of all invertebrate records from 2016.

Some taxa have been split into two or more species during recent decades; therefore, to avoid possible confusion, the lists in this report use the appendages [s. s.] and [s. l.] to indicate when a species complex has been recorded in the narrow sense, i.e. sensu stricto [s. s.], or in the broad sense, i.e. sensu lato [s. l.]. This Full Invertebrate List only gives sensu lato records for species when sensu stricto records are unavailable. ‘n/a’ means not applicable.

480 taxa were recorded during 2016, including 227 additions or amendments to the lists for 2014 and 2015.

National Status Codes Numbers of Individuals Codes Determiner Codes

C = Common A = 1 to 5 AG = A. Grayson L = Local B = over 5 to 25 AVM = A. V. Millard U = Unknown C = over 25 to 100 BW = B. Wisniowski JNCC = JNCC-listed D = over 100 to 500 DT = D. Tate SPIE = SPIE-listed E = over 500 to 1,000 JF = J. Flangan F = over 1,000 LH = L. Hawthorne MEA = M. E. Archer MH = M. Hammond, A. Heathcote & N. Ewald PJB = P. & J. Bone SAL = S. A. Lane SF = S. Foster TJC = T. J. Crawford WAE = W. A. Ely

* = an addition or amendment to previous invertebrate lists for Three Hagges Wood-meadow

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Class: Gastropoda Slugs & Snails etc. Family: Agriolimacidae Terrestrial slugs Deroceras reticulatum (Müller) Grey Field Slug C A TJC Family: Arionidae Terrestrial slugs Arion ater (Linnaeus) [s. l.] Black Slug C E AG Arion rufus (Linnaeus) * Red Slug C A TJC Family: Helicidae Terrestrial snails Cepaea hortensis (Müller) * White-lipped Snail C A AG Cepaea nemoralis (Linnaeus) * Brown-lipped Snail C A AG, TJC Cornu aspersum (Müller) * Garden Snail C C AG Family: Hygromiidae Terrestrial snails Monacha cantiana (Montagu) * Kentish Snail C A TJC Family: Lymnaeidae Freshwater snails Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus) * Great Pond Snail C D AG, TJC, MH Family: Planorbidae Ram’s-horn Snails Bathyomphalus contortus (Linnaeus) * Twisted Ram’s-horn Snail C A MH Planorbarius corneus (Linnaeus) * Great Ram’s-horn Snail C A AG, TJC Order: Veneroida Clams & cockles etc. Family: Sphaeriidae Orb-mussels Sphaerium corneum (Linnaeus) * European Fingernail-clam C A MH Order: Araneae Spiders Family: Araneidae Orb-weaver spiders etc. Araneus diadematus Clerck Garden Spider C A LH

101 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Family: Tetragnathidae Long-jawed orb-weavers Metellina segmentata (Clerck) * a long-jawed orb-weaver C A LH Order: Amphipoda Sand-hoppers & scuds etc. Family: Crangonyctidae Amphipod shrimps Crangonyx pseudogracilis Bousfield * an amphipod shrimp C A MH Order: Glomerida Pill millipedes Family: Glomeridae Pill millipedes Glomeris marginata (Villers) Pill Millipede C A AG Order: Julida Millipedes Family: Julidae Millipedes Tachypodoiulus niger (Leach) * Black Snake Millipede C A AG Order: Isopoda Woodlice & Water-lice etc. Suborder: Asellota Water-lice etc. Family: Asellidae Water-lice Asellus aquaticus (Linnaeus) * Common Water-louse C A MH Suborder: Oniscidea Woodlice Oniscidae Woodlice Oniscus asellus Linnaeus Common Woodlouse C A AG Philoscia muscorum (Scopoli) Common Striped Woodlouse C A AG Porcellionidae Woodlice Porcellio scaber Latreille Common Rough Woodlouse C A AG Armadillidiidae Pill woodlice Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille) Common Pill Woodlouse C A AG Order: Ephemeroptera Mayflies Family: Baetidae Mayflies Cloeon dipterum (Linnaeus) * Pond Olive Mayfly C A MH Family: Ephemeridae Mayflies Ephemera vulgata Linnaeus * Drake Mackerel Mayfly C B AG, LH, MH Order: Odonata Dragonflies & damselflies Suborder: Zygoptera Damselflies Family: Coenagriidae Blue damselflies etc. Coenagrion puella (Linnaeus) Azure Damselfly C B DT Enallagma cyathigerum (Charpentier) Common Blue Damselfly C A AG Ischnura elegans (Vander Linden) Blue-tailed Damselfly C B AG, AVM Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Sulzer) Large Red Damselfly C A AG Suborder: Anisoptera Dragonflies Family: Aeshnidae Hawkers Aeshna cyanea (Müller) Southern Hawker C A AG Aeshna mixta (Latreille) * Migrant Hawker C A AG Family: Libellulidae Skimmers & darters etc. Libellula depressa Linnaeus Broad-bodied Chaser C B AG, LH, DT, PJB Libellula quadrimaculata Linnaeus Four-spotted Chaser C A DT, PJB Orthetrum cancellatum (Linnaeus) * Black-tailed Skimmer C A AG Sympetrum striolatum (Charpentier) Common Darter C B AG, DT, PJB Order: Orthoptera Grasshoppers etc. Family: Tetrigidae Groundhoppers Tetrix subulata (Linnaeus) Slender Groundhopper C B AG, SF Tetrix undulata (Sowerby) Common Groundhopper C B AG, SF Family: Acrididae Grasshoppers Chorthippus brunneus (Thunberg) Common Field Grasshopper C A AG 102 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Omocestus viridulus (Linnaeus) Common Green Grasshopper C A AG, LH Order: Hemiptera True bugs etc. Suborder: Heteroptera True bugs Family: Acanthosomatidae Shieldbugs Elasmucha grisea (Linnaeus) * Parent Bug C A SF Family: Cydnidae Shieldbugs Tritomegas bicolor (Linnaeus) * Pied Shieldbug C A JF, SF Family: Pentatomidae Shieldbugs Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus) Hairy Shieldbug C B AG, SF Palomena prasina (Linnaeus) Green Shieldbug C B AG, SF, LH Pentatoma rufipes (Linnaeus) * Red-legged Shieldbug C A SF Family: Rhopalidae Plant bugs Rhopalus subrufus (Gmelin) * a plant bug L A SF Stictopleurus punctatonervosus (Goeze) * a plant bug L A AG Family: Anthocoridae Flower-bugs Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius) * a flower bug C A SF Anthocoris nemorum (Linnaeus) Common Flower-bug C A SF Family: Berytidae Stilt bugs Berytinus minor (Herrich-Schäffer) * a stilt bug C A SF Family: Lygaeidae Ground bugs Drymus ryei Douglas & Scott * a ground bug C A SF Drymus sylvaticus (Fabricius) * a ground bug C A SF Scolopostethus affinis (Schilling) * a ground bug C A SF Stygnocoris fuligineus (Geoffroy) * a ground bug C A SF Family: Miridae Grass-bugs etc. Blepharidopterus angulatus (Fallén) * Black-kneed Capsid C A SF Campyloneura virgula (Herrich-Schäffer) * a plant bug C A SF Capsus ater (Linnaeus) a plant bug L B AG, SF Closterotomus norwegicus (Gmelin) Potato Capsid C B AG, SF Deraeocoris flavilinea (Costa) a plant bug L A SF Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling) * a plant bug C A SF Deraeocoris ruber (Linnaeus) * a plant bug C A SF Dicyphus stachydis J. Sahlberg * a plant bug C A SF Heterotoma planicornis (Pallas) * a plant bug C A SF Leptopterna dolabrata (Linnaeus) Meadow Plant Bug C C AG, SF Liocoris tripustulatus (Fabricius) * a plant bug C A SF Lopus decolor (Fallén) * a grass bug C A SF Neolygus contaminatus (Fallén) * a plant bug C A SF Neolygus viridis (Fallén) * a plant bug C A SF Notostira elongata (Geoffroy) a grass bug C A SF Oncotylus viridiflavus (Goeze) * a plant bug L A JF, SF Orthops basalis (A. Costa) * a plant bug L A SF Phytocoris tiliae (Fabricius) * a plant bug C A SF Phytocoris varipes Boheman * a plant bug C A AG, SF Pinalitus cervinus (Herrich-Schäffer) * a plant bug C A SF Plagiognathus arbustorum (Fabricius) a plant bug C A SF Plagiognathus chrysanthemi (Wolff) * a plant bug C A SF Stenodema laevigata (Linnaeus) * a grass bug C B AG, SF Stenotus binotatus (Fabricius) * a plant bug C A SF

103 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Family: Nabidae Damsel bugs Himacerus apterus (Fabricius) * Tree Damsel Bug C A SF Himacerus major (A. Costa) * Grey Damsel Bug C A SF Himacerus mirmicoides (O. Costa) * Ant Damsel Bug C A SF Nabis flavomarginatus Scholtz * Broad Damsel Bug C A SF Nabis limbatus Dahlbom * Marsh Damsel Bug C A AG, SF Nabis rugosus (Linnaeus) * Common Damsel Bug C B AG, SF Family: Tingidae Lacebugs Tingis ampliata (Herrich- Schäffer) * a lacebug C A SF Tingis cardui (Linnaeus) * Spear Thistle Lacebug C A SF Family: Corixidae Water boatmen Corixa punctata (Illiger) Common Water Boatman C A SF Sigara nigrolineata (Fieber) * a water boatman C A MH Family: Gerridae Pond skaters Gerris lacustris (Linnaeus) * Common Pond Skater C A SF, SAL Gerris odontogaster (Zetterstedt) * Toothed Pond Skater C A MH Gerris thoracicus Schummel a pond skater C A SF Gerris species a pond skater n/a A SAL Family: Notonectidae Backswimmers Notonecta glauca Linnaeus * Common Backswimmer C A MH Notonecta maculata Fabricius * a backswimmer L A MH, SAL Notonecta species a backswimmer n/a A SAL Family: Pleidae Pygmy backswimmers Plea minutissima Leach * Pygmy Backswimmer C A MH Family: Saldidae Shore bugs Saldula saltatoria (Linnaeus) Common Shore Bug C A SF Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha Planthoppers etc. Family: Cercopidae Froghoppers Cercopis vulnerata Illiger Black-and-red Froghopper C A AG, LH Family: Aphrophoridae Froghoppers Aphrophora alni (Fallén)* Alder Spittlebug C A SF Neophilaenus lineatus (Linnaeus) * a froghopper C A SF Philaenus spumarius (Linnaeus) * Common Froghopper C B AG, SF Family: Cicadellidae Leafhoppers Adarrus ocellaris (Fallén) * a leafhopper C A SF Allygus communis (Ferrari) * a leafhopper U A SF Allygus modestus Scott * a leafhopper C A SF Anoscopus flavostriatus (Donovan) * a leafhopper C A SF Aphrodes makarovi Zakhvatkin * a leafhopper C A SF Arthaldeus pascuellus (Fallén) * a leafhopper C A SF Athysanus argentarius Metcalf * a leafhopper C A SF Balclutha punctata (Fabricius) * a leafhopper C A SF Eupteryx aurata (Linnaeus) * Potato Leafhopper C A SF Euscelis lineolatus Brullé * a leafhopper C A SF Kybos strigilifer (Ossiannilsson) * a leafhopper C A SF Macrosteles ossiannilssoni Lindberg * a leafhopper L A SF Megophthalmus scabripennis Edwards * a leafhopper C A SF Metidiocerus rutilans (Kirschbaum) * a leafhopper L A SF Mocydia crocea (Herrich-Schäffer) * a leafhopper C A SF Oncopsis alni (Schrank) * a leafhopper C A SF 104 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Oncopsis flavicollis (Linnaeus) * a leafhopper C A SF Populicerus confusus (Flor) * a leafhopper C A SF Zyginidia scutellaris (Herrich-Schäffer) * a leafhopper C A SF Family: Cixiidae Planthoppers Cixius nervosus (Linnaeus) * a planthopper C A SF Family: Delphacidae Planthoppers Conomelas anceps (Germar) * a planthopper C A SF Javesella dubia (Kirschbaum) * a planthopper C A SF Javesella pellucida (Fabricius) * a planthopper C A SF Stenocranus major (Kirschbaum) * a planthopper L A SF Order: Neuroptera Lacewings etc. Family: Sialidae Alder flies Sialis lutaria (Linnaeus) * an alder fly C A MH Family: Hemerobiidae Brown lacewings Hemerobius micans Olivier * a brown lacewing C A SF Wesmaelius quadrifasciatus (Reuter) * a brown lacewing L A AG Family Chrysopidae Green lacewings Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) Common Green Lacewing C A AG Order: Mecoptera Scorpion flies etc. Panorpidae Scorpion flies etc. Panorpa communis Linnaeus Common Scorpion-fly C A AG Order: Lepidoptera Butterflies & moths Suborder: Heterocera Moths Family: Tortricidae Leafroller moths etc. Grapholita compositella (Fabricius) Clover Seed Moth L A AG Family: Zygaenidae Burnet moths Zygaena filipendulae (Linnaeus) Six-spot Burnet C A AG, LH, PJB Zygaena lonicerae (Scheven) Narrow-bordered Five-spot Burnet C A AG Family: Crambidae Grass moths Pleuroptya ruralis (Scopoli) Mother of Pearl C A AG Family: Drepanidae Hook-tip moths Drepana falcataria (Linnaeus) * Pebble Hook-tip C A PJB Family: Geometridae Carpet moths etc. Archiearis parthenias (Linnaeus) * Orange Underwing L A AG Cabera pusaria (Linnaeus) Common White Wave C A AG Camptogramma bilineata (Linnaeus) Yellow Shell C A AG, PJB Epirrhoe alternata (Müller) Common Carpet C A AG Scotopteryx chenopodiata (Linnaeus) Shaded Broad-bar SPIE A AG Xanthorhoe montanata (Denis & Schiffermüller) Silver-ground Carpet C A AG, PJB Family: Notodontidae Kitten & Prominent moths Pheosia gnoma (Fabricius) Lesser Swallow Prominent C A LH Family: Erebidae Tiger & Footman moths etc. Eilema griseola (Hübner) Dingy Footman C A AG Spilosoma lubricipeda (Linnaeus) * White Ermine SPIE A LH Family: Noctuidae Owlet moths Acronicta rumicis (Linnaeus) * Knot Grass C A LH Autographa gamma (Linnaeus) Silver Y C A AG Hydraecia micacea (Esper) * Rosy Rustic SPIE C PJB Orthosia gothica (Linnaeus) Hebrew Character C A LH Orthosia gracilis (Denis & Schiffermüller) * Powdered Quaker L A LH 105 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Suborder: Rhopalocera Butterflies Family: Hesperiidae Skippers Ochlodes sylvanus (Esper) Large Skipper C A AG Thymelicus sylvestris (Poda) Small Skipper C B AG, AVM, PJB Family: Pieridae Whites & Yellows etc. Anthocharis cardamines (Linnaeus) Orange Tip C C AG, AVM, PJB Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus) Brimstone C B AG, PJB Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus) Large White C C AG, PJB Pieris napi (Linnaeus) Green-veined White C B AG, PJB Pieris rapae (Linnaeus) Small White C C AG, PJB Family: Nymphalidae Brush-footed butterflies etc. Aglais io (Linnaeus) Peacock C B AG, AVM, PJB Aglais urticae (Linnaeus) Small Tortoiseshell C B AG, PJB Aphantopus hyperantus (Linnaeus) Ringlet C C AG, AVM, PJB Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus) Meadow Brown C E AG, AVM, PJB Pararge aegeria (Linnaeus) Speckled Wood C C AG, PJB Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus) Comma C A AG Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus) Red Admiral C A AG, PJB Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus) Painted Lady C B AG, PJB Family: Lycaenidae Blues & Hairstreaks etc. Aricia agestis (Denis & Schiffermüller) Brown Argus L A PJB Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus) Holly Blue C A PJB Lycaena phlaeas (Linnaeus) Small Copper C B PJB Polyommatus icarus (Rottemburg) Common Blue C B PJB Order: Coleoptera Beetles Suborder: Adephaga Ground beetles etc. Family: Carabidae Ground beetles Amara communis (Panzer) * a ground beetle C A AG Amara convexior Stephens * a ground beetle L A SAL Amara familiaris (Duftschmid) a ground beetle C A AG Amara lunicollis Schiödte * a ground beetle C A AG Amara ovata (Fabricius) a ground beetle C A AG Anchomenus dorsalis (Pontoppidan) * a ground beetle C B AG Bembidion articulatum (Panzer) * a ground beetle L A AG Bembidion illigeri Netolitzky a ground beetle L A AG Bembidion lampros (Herbst) a ground beetle C A AG Bembidion properans (Stephens) a ground beetle L A AG Bembidion tetracolum Say a ground beetle C A AG Calathus fuscipes (Goeze) * a ground beetle C A AG Curtonotus aulicus (Panzer) * a ground beetle C A AG Elaphrus riparius (Linnaeus) a ground beetle C B AG Harpalus affinis (Schrank) * a ground beetle C A AG Harpalus rubripes (Duftschmid) * a ground beetle L A AG Harpalus tardus (Panzer) * a ground beetle L A AG Loricera pilicornis (Fabricius) a ground beetle C A AG Nebria brevicollis (Fabricius) a ground beetle C A AG Notiophilus biguttatus (Fabricius) a ground beetle C A AG Poecilus versicolor (Sturm) a ground beetle C B AG Pterostichus madidus (Fabricius) * a ground beetle C A AG Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger) a ground beetle C B AG 106 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME NAT. NOS. DET. STATUS CODE Pterostichus niger (Schaller) a ground beetle C B AG Pterostichus nigrita (Paykull) * a ground beetle C A AG Pterostichus strenuus (Panzer) * a ground beetle C A AG Family: Dytiscidae Water beetles Acilius sulcatus (Linnaeus) a water beetle C A AG, LH, MH Agabus bipustulatus (Linnaeus) * a water beetle C A MH Agabus didymus (Olivier) * a water beetle C A MH Agabus nebulosus (Forster) * a water beetle C A MH, SAL Agabus sturmii (Gyllenhal) * a water beetle C A MH Colymbetes fuscus (Linnaeus) * a water beetle C A AG, MH, SAL Dytiscus species * a water beetle n/a A MH Hydroglyphus geminus (Fabricius) * a water beetle L A MH Hydroporus melanarius Sturm * a water beetle L A MH Hydroporus palustris (Linnaeus) * a water beetle C A MH Hydroporus planus (Fabricius) * a water beetle C A MH Hydroporus tristis (Paykull) * a water beetle L A MH Hygrotus inaequalis (Fabricius) * a water beetle C A SAL Hyphydrus ovatus (Linnaeus) * a water beetle C A MH Family: Gyrinidae Whirligig beetles Gyrinus substriatus (Stephens) a whirligig beetle C B AG, MH, SAL Family: Haliplidae Crawling water beetles Haliplus heydeni Wehncke * a crawling water beetle L A SAL Haliplus lineatocollis (Marsham) * a crawling water beetle C A MH Haliplus ruficollis (De Geer) [s. s.] * a crawling water beetle C A SAL Haliplus ruficollis (De Geer) [s. l.] a crawling water beetle n/a A MH Suborder: Polyphaga Beetles and weevils Family: Hydrophilidae Scavenger water beetles Anacaena lutescens (Stephens) * a scavenger water beetle C A MH, SAL Enochrus species * a scavenger water beetle n/a A MH Helochares lividus (Forster) * a scavenger water beetle C A MH Hydrobius fuscipes (Linnaeus) * a scavenger water beetle C A MH Laccobius bipunctatus (Fabricius) * a scavenger water beetle C A MH Family: Helophoridae Water scavenger beetles Helophorus minutus [s. s.] * a water scavenger beetle C A MH Family: Hydraenidae Moss beetles Ochthbius minimus (Fabricius) * a moss beetle C A MH Family: Silphidae Carrion beetles etc. Silpha atrata (Linnaeus) ssp. subrotundata (Leach) * a carrion beetle C A AG Family: Staphylinidae Rove beetles Ocypus olens (Müller) Devil’s Coach Horse C A AG Family: Elateridae Click beetles Cidnopus aeruginosus (Olivier) * a click beetle L A AG Denticollis linearis (Linnaeus) a click beetle C A AG Family: Cantharidae Soldier beetles Cantharis cryptica Ashe * a soldier beetle C A AG Cantharis livida Linnaeus a soldier beetle C A AG Cantharis nigra (De Geer) a soldier beetle C D AG Cantharis nigricans (Müller) a soldier beetle C A AG Cantharis pallida Goeze * a soldier beetle L A AG Cantharis pellucida Fabricius * a soldier beetle C A AG 107 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Cantharis rufa Linnaeus a soldier beetle C A AG Cantharis rustica Fallén a soldier beetle C A AG Rhagonycha fulva (Scopoli) a soldier beetle C C AG Family: Melyridae Soft-wing flower beetles Malachius bipustulatus (Linnaeus) Malachite Beetle C B AG Family: Nitidulidae Pollen beetles etc. Glischrochilus hortensis (Geoffroy) a picnic beetle C A AG Family: Coccinellidae Ladybirds Adalia bipunctata (Linnaeus) 2-spot Ladybird C B DT Calvia quattuordecimguttata (Linnaeus) * Cream-spot Ladybird C A DT Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus) 7-Spot Ladybird C C AG Exochomus quadripustulatus (Linnaeus) * Pine Ladybird C A DT Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) Harlequin Ladybird C A AG Family: Oedemeridae False blister beetles Oedemera lurida (Marsham) * a false blister beetle L A AG Family: Cerambycidae Longhorn beetles Tetropium gabrieli Weise * Larch Longhorn Beetle L A AG Family: Chrysomelidae Leaf beetles Cassida rubiginosa Müller * Thistle Tortoise Beetle C A AG Oulema melanopus (Linnaeus) [s. l.] * Cereal Leaf Beetle C A AG Family: Apionidae Weevils Protapion apricans (Herbst) a clover seed weevil C A AG Family: Curculionidae Weevils Phyllobius argentatus (Linnaeus) a weevil C A AG Phyllobius pyri (Linnaeus) * Common Leaf Weevil C A AG Order: Hymenoptera Wasps, bees & sawflies etc. Suborder: Symphyta Sawflies Family: Argidae Sawflies Arge cyanocrocea (Förster) * Bramble Sawfly L A AG Family: Cephidae Sawflies Cephus spinipes (Panzer) a sawfly C A AG Family: Tenthredinidae Sawflies Athalia ancilla Serville a sawfly L A AG Athalia bicolor Serville * a sawfly L A AG Dineura stilata (Klug) a sawfly C A AG Dolerus madidus (Klug) * a sawfly L A AG Dolerus nigratus (Müller) a sawfly C A AG Dolerus picipes (Klug) a sawfly C B AG Dolerus yokonensis Norton * a sawfly L A AG Eriocampa ovata (Linnaeus) * Woolly Alder Sawfly C A PJB Pachynematus clitellatus (Serville) a sawfly C A AG Pachynematus extensicornis (Norton) * a sawfly U A AG Pachyprotasis rapae (Linnaeus) a sawfly C A AG Rhogogaster viridis (Linnaeus) * Green Sawfly C A AG Selandria serva (Fabricius) a sawfly C A AG Tenthredo arcuata Förster a sawfly C A AG Tenthredo brevicornis (Konow) a sawfly C B AG Tenthredo notha Klug a sawfly C A AG Tenthredo velox Fabricius * a sawfly L A AG Tenthredopsis nassata (Linnaeus) * a sawfly C A AG 108 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Suborder: Apocrita Bees & ichneumons etc. Superfamily: Aculeata Ants, bees & wasps Family: Chrysididae Ruby-tailed wasps Chrysis corusca Valkeila * a ruby-tailed wasp U A BW Chrysis ignita Linnaeus * a ruby-tailed wasp C A MEA Family: Formicidae Ants Lasius niger (Linnaeus) [s. s.] Black Garden Ant C F AG, AVM Myrmica rubra (Linnaeus) Common Red Ant C A AG Family: Tiphiidae Solitary wasps Tiphia minuta Vander Linden * a solitary wasp JNCC A AG Family: Eumenidae Potter wasps Ancistrocerus gazella (Panzer) a potter wasp C A AG Family: Vespidae Social wasps Dolichovespula norwegica (Fabricius) * Norwegian Wasp C A AVM Dolichovespula saxonica (Fabricius) Saxon Wasp JNCC B AG Vespa crabro Linnaeus Hornet L A AG Vespula germanica (Fabricius) German Wasp C B AG Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus) Common Wasp C B AG, AVM Family: Crabronidae Solitary wasps Mellinus arvensis (Linnaeus ) Field Digger Wasp C A AG Family: Andrenidae Mining bees Andrena fulva (Müller) Tawny Mining Bee C A AVM Andrena haemorrhoa (Fabricius) Early Mining Bee C A AVM Andrena minutula (Kirby) Common Mini-miner C A AVM Andrena nigroaenea (Kirby) Buffish Mining Bee C A AG, AVM Andrena scotica Perkins Chocolate Mining Bee C A AG, AVM Family: Halictidae Mining bees etc. Halictus rubicundus (Christ) Orange-legged Furrow Bee L A AVM Lasioglossum albipes (Fabricius) Bloomed Furrow Bee C A AG Lasioglossum leucopus (Kirby) * White-footed Furrow Bee L A AG Family: Megachilidae Mason bees etc. Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus) Wool Carder Bee L A AG Megachile centuncularis (Linnaeus) * Patchwork Leaf-cutter Bee C A AG Megachile ligniseca (Kirby) * Wood-carving Leaf-cutter Bee C A AG Family: Anthophoridae Nomad bees Nomada flava Panzer * Flavous Nomad Bee C A AG Family: Apidae Bumblebees etc. Apis mellifera Linnaeus Honey Bee C C AG Bombus bohemicus (Seidl) Gypsy Cuckoo-bee C A AG Bombus campestris (Panzer) Field Cuckoo-bee C A AG Bombus hortorum (Linnaeus) Small Garden Bumblebee C B AG, AVM Bombus hypnorum (Linnaeus) Tree Bumblebee C B AG Bombus lapidarius (Linnaeus) Red-tailed Bumblebee C D AG, AVM Bombus lucorum (Linnaeus) White-tailed Bumblebee C B AG, AVM Bombus pascuorum (Scopoli) Common Carder-bee C C AG, AVM Bombus pratorum (Linnaeus) Early Bumblebee C A AVM Bombus rupestris (Fabricius) Hill Cuckoo-bee JNCC B AG, AVM Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus) Buff-tailed Bumblebee C B AG, AVM Bombus vestalis (Geoffroy) Vestal Cuckoo-bee C C AG, AVM

109 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Superfamily: Parasitica Ichneumon wasps etc. Family: Cynipidae Gall Wasps Cynips divisa Hartig * Red Pea Gall Wasp C A LH Family: Ichneumonidae Ichneumon wasps Achaius oratorius (Fabricius) * an ichneumon wasp U A WAE Eurylabus torvus Wesmael * an ichneumon wasp U A WAE Ichneumon sarcitorius Linnaeus * an ichneumon wasp C A WAE Polyblastus varitarsus (Gravenhorst) * an ichneumon wasp U A WAE Scambus buolianae (Hartig) * an ichneumon wasp U A WAE Syrphoctonus tarsatorius (Panzer) an ichneumon wasp U A WAE Tryphon trochanteratus Holmgren * an ichneumon wasp U A WAE Tymmophorus obscuripes (Holmgren) * an ichneumon wasp U A WAE Order: Diptera True flies Suborder: Nematocera Thread-horns Nephrotoma appendiculata (Pierre) a crane-fly C A AG Nephrotoma flavescens (Linnaeus) a crane-fly C A AG Nephrotoma scurra (Meigen) a crane-fly L A AG Tipula couckei Tonnoir * a crane-fly L A AG Tipula fascipennis Meigen * a crane-fly C A AG Tipula lunata Linnaeus * a crane-fly C A AG Tipula paludosa Meigen a crane-fly C D AG Tipula vernalis Meigen a crane-fly C A AG Family: Limoniidae Crane-flies Dicranomyia modesta (Meigen) * a crane-fly C A AG Limonia phragmitidis (Schrank) a crane-fly C A AG Symplecta stictica (Meigen) * a crane-fly C A AG Family: Bibionidae March flies Bibio marci (Linnaeus) * St. Mark’s Fly C D AG, LH Dilophus febrilis (Linnaeus) Fever Fly C A AG Dilophus femoratus Meigen * a March fly C A AG Family: Anisopodidae Wood gnats Sylvicola fenestralis (Scopoli) a wood gnat C A AG Family: Culicidae Mosquitoes Aedes punctor (Kirby) a mosquito C A AG Suborder: Brachycera Short-horns Family: Rhagionidae Snipe-flies Chrysopilus cristatus (Fabricius) Black Snipe-fly C A AG Rhagio lineola Fabricius Small Fleck-winged Snipe-fly C A AG Rhagio scolopaceus (Linnaeus) Down-looker Fly C B AG Rhagio tringarius (Linnaeus) Marsh Snipe-fly C A AG Family: Tabanidae Horseflies Haematopota pluvialis (Linnaeus) Notch-horned Cleg C A AG Family: Stratiomyidae Soldier-flies Beris chalybata (Forster) Murky-legged Black Legionnaire C A AG Beris vallata (Forster) Common Orange Legionnaire C A AG Chloromyia formosa (Scopoli) Broad Centurion C C AG Chorisops tibialis (Meigen) Dull Four-spined Legionnaire L A AG Family: Bombyliidae Bee-flies Bombylius major Linnaeus Dark-edged Bee-fly C A AG

110 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Family: Asilidae Robber-flies Dioctria atricapilla Meigen Violet Black-legged Robber-fly L A AG Dioctria rufipes (De Geer) Common Red-legged Robber-fly L A AG Leptogaster cylindrica (De Geer) Striped Slender Robber-fly C A AG Family: Hybotidae Dance flies Bicellaria vana Collin a dance fly C C AG Hybos culiciformis (Fabricius) * a dance fly C A AG Platypalpus agilis (Meigen) a dance fly C A AG Platypalpus longicornis (Meigen) * a dance fly C A AG Family: Empididae Dance flies Empis chioptera Meigen * a dance fly C A AG Empis livida Linnaeus a dance fly C B AG Empis nigripes Fabricius a dance fly C A AG Empis nuntia Meigen a dance fly C A AG Empis praevia Collin * a dance fly L B AG Empis tessellata Fabricius a dance fly C A AG Empis trigramma Wiedemann a dance fly C A AG Hilara litorea (Fallén) * a dance fly C A AG Hilara maura (Fabricius) a dance fly C B AG Rhamphomyia albohirta Collin * a dance fly C A AG Rhamphomyia subcinerascens Collin * a dance fly L A AG Rhamphomyia sulcata (Meigen) a dance fly C A AG Rhamphomyia tarsata Meigen a dance fly C B AG Family: Dolichopodidae Long-legged flies Campsicnemus curvipes (Fallén) * a long-legged fly C A AG Chrysotimus molliculus (Fallén) * a long-legged fly L A AG Chrysotus neglectus (Wiedemann) a long-legged fly L A AG Dolichopus longicornis Stannius a long-legged fly L A AG Dolichopus plumipes (Scopoli) a long-legged fly C A AG Dolichopus trivialis Haliday a long-legged fly C B AG Dolichopus ungulatus (Linnaeus) a long-legged fly C A AG Medetera truncorum Meigen * a long-legged fly C A AG Sympycnus desoutteri Parent a long-legged fly C B AG Family: Lonchopteridae Pointed-winged flies Lonchoptera bifurcata (Fallén) a pointed-winged fly C A AG Lonchoptera lutea Panzer a pointed-winged fly C B AG Family: Syrphidae Hoverflies Cheilosia albitarsis (Meigen) [s. l.] a hoverfly C A AG Cheilosia illustrata (Harris) a hoverfly C A AG Cheilosia pagana (Meigen) a hoverfly C A AG Cheilosia variabilis (Panzer) a hoverfly C A AG Cheilosia vernalis (Fallén) a hoverfly C A AG Chrysotoxum festivum (Linnaeus) a hoverfly L A AG Epistrophe eligans (Harris) a hoverfly C A AG Epistrophe grossulariae (Meigen) a hoverfly L A AG Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) a hoverfly C B AG Eristalis interruptus (Poda) a hoverfly C A AG Eristalis intricarius (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C A AG Eristalis pertinax (Scopoli) a hoverfly C C AG Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus) Drone-fly C A AG 111 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Eupeodes corollae (Fabricius) * a hoverfly C A AG Eupeodes luniger (Meigen) a hoverfly C A AG Helophilus pendulus (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C B AG Helophilus trivittatus (Fabricius) a hoverfly L A AG Leucozona lucorum (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C A AG Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C C AG Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius) a hoverfly C B AG Merodon equestris (Fabricius) a hoverfly C A AG Platycheirus albimanus (Fabricius) a hoverfly C B AG Platycheirus clypeatus (Meigen) a hoverfly C B AG Platycheirus manicatus (Meigen) a hoverfly C A AG Platycheirus scutatus (Meigen) [s. s.] * a hoverfly C A AG Rhingia campestris Meigen a hoverfly C A AG Sphaerophoria interrupta (Fabricius) a hoverfly L A AG Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C B AG Syritta pipiens (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C A AG Syrphus ribesii (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C B AG Volucella bombylans (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C A AG Volucella pellucens (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C A AG Xylota segnis (Linnaeus) a hoverfly C A AG Family: Pipunculidae Big-headed flies Eudorylas inferus Collin * a big-headed fly JNCC A AG Eudorylas subterminatus Collin * a big-headed fly C A AG Pipunculus campestris Latreille a big-headed fly C B AG Pipunculus zugmayeriae Kowarz * a big-headed fly JNCC A AG Family: Micropezidae Stilt-legged flies Micropeza corrigiolata (Linnaeus) * a stilt-legged fly L A AG Family: Psilidae Rust flies Loxocera albiseta (Schrank) * a rust fly C A AG Family: Conopidae Thick-headed flies Conops flavipes Linnaeus a thick-headed fly C A AG Conops quadrifasciatus De Geer a thick-headed fly L A AG Sicus ferrugineus (Linnaeus) a thick-headed fly L A AG Family: Platystomatidae Picture-winged flies Rivellia syngenesiae (Fabricius) a picture-winged fly L B AG Family: Tephritidae Picture-winged flies Campiglossa misella (Loew) * a picture-winged fly C A AG Chaetorellia jaceae (Robineau-Desvoidy) * a picture-winged fly L A AG Tephritis neesii (Meigen) a picture-winged fly L C AG Tephritis vespertina (Loew) a picture-winged fly C A AG Urophora jaceana (Hering) * a picture-winged fly C A AG Family: Dryomyzidae Dryomyzid flies Dryomyza anilis Fallén * a dryomyzid fly C A AG Family: Sciomyzidae Marsh flies Coremacera marginata (Fabricius) * a marsh fly L B AG Pherbellia cinerella (Fallén) a marsh fly C B AG Tetanocera elata (Fabricius) a marsh fly C B AG Family: Sepsidae Black scavenger flies Nemopoda nitidula (Fallén) * a black scavenger fly C A AG Sepsis cynipsea (Linnaeus) a black scavenger fly C A AG 112 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Sepsis orthocnemis Frey a black scavenger fly C A AG Themira annulipes (Meigen) a black scavenger fly C A AG Themira leachi (Meigen) a black scavenger fly L A AG Family: Agromyzidae Leaf-mining flies Liriomyza strigata (Meigen) * a leaf-mining fly U A LH Phytomyza leucanthemi Hering * a leaf-mining fly U A LH Family: Opomyzidae Cereal flies Geomyza balachowskyi Mesnil * a cereal fly C A AG Geomyza tripunctata Fallén a cereal fly C A AG Opomyza florum (Fabricius) Yellow Cereal Fly C C AG Opomyza germinationis (Linnaeus) a cereal fly C C AG Opomyza petrei Mesnil * a cereal fly C A AG Family: Heleomyzidae Heleomyzid flies Suillia affinis (Meigen) a heleomyzid fly L A AG Suillia variegata (Loew) a heleomyzid fly C A AG Family: Scathophagidae Dung flies etc. Nanna armillata (Zetterstedt) * a Timothy fly C A AG Nanna fasciata (Meigen) * a Timothy fly C B AG Nanna flavipes (Fallén) * a Timothy fly L A AG Nanna inermis (Becker) * a Timothy fly L A AG Norellia spinipes (Meigen) * a daffodil leaf-mining fly JNCC B AG Norellisoma spinimanum (Fallén) * a dung fly C A AG Scathophaga stercorea (Linnaeus) Yellow Dung Fly C B AG Family: Muscidae Houseflies & sweat flies etc. Coenosia testacea (Robineau-Desvoidy) * a muscid fly C A AG Coenosia tigrina (Fabricius) a muscid fly C C AG Eudasyphora cyanella (Meigen) * a muscid fly C A AG Graphomya maculata (Scopoli) a muscid fly C A AG Helina calceata (Rondani) * a muscid fly JNCC A AG Helina depuncta (Fallén) a muscid fly C A AG Helina impuncta (Fallén) a muscid fly C A AG Helina reversio (Harris) a muscid fly C A AG Helina setiventris Ringdahl * a muscid fly C A AG Helina trivittata (Zetterstedt) * a muscid fly C A AG Hydrotaea irritans (Fallén) * a sweat fly C A AG Mesembrina meridiana Linnaeus Noon Fly C A AG Muscina levida (Harris) * a muscid fly C A AG Mydaea urbana (Meigen) * a muscid fly C A AG Myospila meditabunda (Fabricius) * a muscid fly C A AG Phaonia angelicae (Scopoli) * a muscid fly C A AG Phaonia errans (Meigen) a muscid fly C A AG Phaonia fuscata (Fallén) a muscid fly L A AG Phaonia incana (Wiedemann) a muscid fly C B AG Phaonia serva (Meigen) a muscid fly C A AG Phaonia subventa (Harris) a muscid fly C A AG Phaonia tuguriorum (Scopoli) * a muscid fly C B AG Family: Calliphoridae Bluebottles etc. Bellardia viarum (Robineau-Desvoidy) * Dark-veined Emerald-bottle C A AG Bellardia vulgaris (Robineau-Desvoidy) Pale-veined Emerald-bottle C A AG Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy Common Bluebottle C A AG 113 APPENDIX 4: INVERTEBRATE LIST FOR 2016

NAT. NOS. SCIENTIFIC NAME VERNACULAR NAME DET. STATUS CODE Cynomya mortuorum (Linnaeus) Yellow-faced Blowfly C A AG Lucilia ampullacea Villeneuve * Streakless Greenbottle L A AG Lucilia caesar (Linnaeus) Common Greenbottle C B AG Lucilia silvarum (Meigen) Marsh Greenbottle L A AG Pollenia rudis (Fabricius) Common Clusterfly C A AG Family: Sarcophagidae Flesh flies Sarcophaga carnaria (Linnaeus) a flesh fly C A AG Sarcophaga vagans Meigen * a flesh fly C A AG Family: Tachinidae Parasitic flies Dexiosoma caninum (Fabricius) * a parasitic fly C A AG Dufouria chalybeata (Meigen) * a parasitic fly C A AG Eriothrix rufomaculata (De Geer) a parasitic fly C A AG Exorista rustica (Fallén) a parasitic fly C B AG Gonia picea (Robineau-Desvoidy) * a parasitic fly L A AG Pales pavida (Meigen) * a parasitic fly C A AG Phryxe vulgaris (Fallén) a parasitic fly C A AG Siphona geniculata (De Geer) a parasitic fly C A AG Tachina fera (Linnaeus) a parasitic fly C B AG PJB Thelaira nigrina (Fallén) * a parasitic fly C A AG Thelaira solivaga (Harris) * a parasitic fly C A AG Trixa conspersa (Harris) a parasitic fly C A AG

114 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

The table below dissects the numbers of each species into the compartments in which they were recorded. There is an additional column headed ‘U’ to accommodate records which could not be allocated to a particular compartment. The numbers given usually refer to the number of adults, but occasionally refer to larvae, galls or mines.

+ = the number of individuals were not recorded, therefore the number given is only the minimum number * = the total includes estimated numbers of individuals

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Class: Gastropoda Family: Agriolimacidae Deroceras reticulatum 1+ Family: Arionidae Arion ater [s. l.] 104* 2 1 1 160* 104* 527* 5 1 15* Arion rufus 1+ Family: Helicidae Cepaea hortensis 1 1 Cepaea nemoralis 1 1 1+ Cornu aspersum 31* 2 Family: Hygromiidae Monacha cantiana 1 Family: Lymnaeidae Lymnaea stagnalis 164* Family: Planorbidae Bathyomphalus contortus 1+ Planorbarius corneus 2 Order: Veneroida Family: Sphaeriidae Sphaerium corneum 1+ Order: Araneae Family: Araneidae Araneus diadematus 1 1 Family: Tetragnathidae Metellina segmentata 1 1 Order: Amphipoda Family: Crangonyctidae Crangonyx pseudogracilis 1+ Order: Glomerida Family: Glomeridae Glomeris marginata 1 Order: Julida Family: Julidae Tachypodoiulus niger 1 Order: Isopoda Suborder: Asellota Family: Asellidae Asellus aquaticus 1+ Suborder: Oniscidea Family: Oniscidae Oniscus asellus 1 2 Philoscia muscorum 1 Family: Porcellionidae Porcellio scaber 1 1 Family: Armadillidiidae Armadillidium vulgare 1 1 Order: Ephemeroptera Family: Baetidae Cloeon dipterum 1+ Family: Ephemeridae Ephemera vulgata 4+ 1 1

115 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Order: Odonata Suborder: Zygoptera Family: Coenagriidae Coenagrion puella 31* Enallagma cyathigerum 1 Ischnura elegans 1 8 2 Pyrrhosoma nymphula 1 Suborder: Anisoptera Family: Aeshnidae Aeshna cyanea 1 Aeshna mixta 1 Aeshna species 2+ Family: Libellulidae Libellula depressa 1 12+ Libellula quadrimaculata 10 Libellula species 2+ Orthetrum cancellatum 1 Sympetrum striolatum 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 8 Order: Orthoptera Family: Tetrigidae Tetrix subulata 1 3 3+ 4 1+ Tetrix undulata 1 1 9 1 6+ 1 Family: Acrididae Chorthippus brunneus 2 1 2 Omocestus viridulus 1 2 1 Order: Hemiptera Suborder: Heteroptera Family: Acanthosomatidae Elasmucha grisea 2+ Family: Cydnidae Tritomegas bicolor 2+ 1 Family: Pentatomidae Dolycoris baccarum 1 2+ 6 2+ Palomena prasina 1 2 1 1+ 4 1 1 2+ Pentatoma rufipes 1+ Family: Rhopalidae Rhopalus subrufus 3+ Stictopleurus punctatonervosus 1 Family: Anthocoridae Anthocoris nemoralis 2+ 2+ Anthocoris nemorum 3+ 2+ Family: Berytidae Berytinus minor 1+ Family: Lygaeidae Drymus ryei 1+ Drymus sylvaticus 1+ 1+ Scolopostethus affinis 1+ 1+ Stygnocoris fuligineus 1+ 1+ Family: Miridae Blepharidopterus angulatus 1+ 1+ Campyloneura virgula 1+ 1+ Capsus ater 1 1 2 1+ 1 1+ Closterotomus norwegicus 2 10* 4 3 3+ 1 1 1+ Deraeocoris flavilinea 2+ Deraeocoris lutescens 1+ 1+ Deraeocoris ruber 1+ 1+ Dicyphus stachydis 1+ 1+ Heterotoma planicornis 1+ 1+ Leptopterna dolabrata 1 4 4 4 1 5 21* 1+ Liocoris tripustulatus 3+ 2+ Lopus decolor 1+ 1+ 116 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Neolygus contaminatus 1+ Neolygus viridis 1+ Notostira elongata 1+ Oncotylus viridiflavus 2+ Orthops basalis 1+ Phytocoris tiliae 1+ 1+ Phytocoris varipes 2 1+ Pinalitus cervinus 1+ 1+ Plagiognathus arbustorum 1+ 1+ Plagiognathus chrysanthemi 1+ 1+ Stenodema laevigata 2 1 1 7+ 1 2 2+ Stenotus binotatus 1+ 1+ Family: Nabidae Himacerus apterus 2+ 1+ Himacerus major 1+ Himacerus mirmicoides 1+ 1+ Nabis flavomarginatus 1+ 1+ Nabis limbatus 1 1+ Nabis rugosus 3+ 1 2+ Family: Tingidae Tingis ampliata 2+ Tingis cardui 1+ Family: Corixidae Corixa punctata 1+ Sigara nigrolineata 1+ Family: Gerridae Gerris lacustris 5+ Gerris odontogaster 1+ Gerris thoracicus 2+ Gerris species 2 Family: Notonectidae Notonecta glauca 1+ Notonecta maculata 2+ Notonecta species 3 Family: Pleidae Plea minutissima 1+ Family: Saldidae Saldula saltatoria 1 1+ 1+ Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha Family: Cercopidae Cercopis vulnerata 1 1 Family: Aphrophoridae Aphrophora alni 1+ Neophilaenus lineatus 1+ 1+ Philaenus spumarius 3 1 1 3+ 1 1 1+ Family: Cicadellidae Adarrus ocellaris 1+ 1+ Allygus communis 1+ Allygus modestus 1+ Anoscopus flavostriatus 1+ Aphrodes makarovi 2+ 1+ Arthaldeus pascuellus 1+ 1+ Athysanus argentarius 1+ Balclutha punctata 1+ 1+ Eupteryx aurata 1+ Euscelis lineolatus 1+ 2+ Kybos strigilifer 1+ Macrosteles ossiannilssoni 1+ Megophthalmus scabripennis 1+ Metidiocerus rutilans 1+ Mocydia crocea 1+ 117 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Oncopsis alni 1+ Oncopsis flavicollis 2+ 1+ Populicerus confusus 2+ Zyginidia scutellaris 1+ Family: Cixiidae Cixius nervosus 1+ Family: Delphacidae Conomelas anceps 1+ Javesella dubia 2+ Javesella pellucida 3+ 2+ Stenocranus major 1+ Order: Neuroptera Family: Sialidae Sialis lutaria 1+ Family: Hemerobiidae Hemerobius micans 1+ Wesmaelius quadrifasciatus 1 Family Chrysopidae Chrysoperla carnea [s. s.] 1 1 1 1 Order: Mecoptera Panorpidae Panorpa communis 1 3 2 Order: Lepidoptera Suborder: Heterocera Family: Tortricidae Grapholita compositella 1 2 1 Family: Zygaenidae Zygaena filipendulae 1 1 1 Zygaena lonicerae 1 Family: Crambidae Pleuroptya ruralis 1 Family: Drepanidae Drepana falcataria 2 Family: Geometridae Archiearis parthenias 1 Cabera pusaria 1 Camptogramma bilineata 2 Epirrhoe alternata 1 Scotopteryx chenopodiata 1 1 1 1 Xanthorhoe montanata 1 1 1 Family: Notodontidae Pheosia gnoma 1 Family: Erebidae Eilema griseola 1 Spilosoma lubricipeda 1 Family: Noctuidae Acronicta rumicis 1 Autographa gamma 1 1 1 Hydraecia micacea 1 Orthosia gothica 1 Orthosia gracilis 1 Family: Hesperiidae Ochlodes sylvanus 2 Thymelicus sylvestris 1 2 11 Family: Pieridae Anthocharis cardamines 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 42 Gonepteryx rhamni 1 1 5 Pieris brassicae 1 1 1 1 1 45 Pieris napi 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 Pieris rapae 3 1 1 2 80 118 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Family: Nymphalidae Aglais io 1 1 2 1 2 11 Aglais urticae 1 1 1 1 1 6 Aphantopus hyperantus 1 2 1 3 2 3 5* 2 1 31* 13+ Maniola jurtina 37* 33* 22* 11* 2 62* 31* 12* 62* 12* 1 31* 673+ Pararge aegeria 5 3 1 2 17 Polygonia c-album 1 Vanessa atalanta 1 3 Vanessa cardui 1 15 Family: Lycaenidae Aricia agestis 3 Celastrina argiolus 1 Lycaena phlaeas 22 Polyommatus icarus 10 Order: Coleoptera Suborder: Adephaga Family: Carabidae Amara communis 1 1 Amara convexior 1 Amara familiaris 2 Amara lunicollis 1 Amara ovata 1 Anchomenus dorsalis 5 1 Bembidion articulatum 1 Bembidion illigeri 2 Bembidion lampros 1 4 Bembidion properans 1 Bembidion tetracolum 1 1 Calathus fuscipes 1 Curtonotus aulicus 1 Elaphrus riparius 11 Harpalus affinis 1 Harpalus rubripes 1 3 Harpalus tardus 1 1 Loricera pilicornis 2 Nebria brevicollis 5 Notiophilus biguttatus 4 Poecilus versicolor 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 Pterostichus madidus 1 Pterostichus melanarius 1 1 3 1 Pterostichus niger 1 7 Pterostichus nigrita 1 Pterostichus strenuus 2 Family: Dytiscidae Acilius sulcatus 5+ Agabus bipustulatus 1+ Agabus didymus 1+ Agabus nebulosus 2+ Agabus sturmii 1+ Colymbetes fuscus 5+ Dytiscus species 1 Hydroglyphus geminus 1+ Hydroporus melanarius 1 Hydroporus palustris 1+ Hydroporus planus 1+ Hydroporus tristis 1+ Hygrotus inaequalis 1 Hyphydrus ovatus 1+ Family: Gyrinidae Gyrinus substriatus 8+ 119 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Family: Haliplidae Haliplus heydeni 1 Haliplus lineatocollis 1+ Haliplus ruficollis [s. s.] 1 Haliplus ruficollis [s. l.] 1 Suborder: Polyphaga Family: Hydrophilidae Anacaena lutescens 4+ Enochrus species 1 Helochares lividus 1+ Hydrobius fuscipes 1+ Laccobius bipunctatus 1+ Family: Helophoridae Helophorus minutus [s. s.] 1+ Family: Hydraenidae Ochthbius minimus 1+ Family: Silphidae Silpha atrata subrotundata 1 Family: Staphylinidae Ocypus olens 3 Family: Elateridae Cidnopus aeruginosus 1 Denticollis linearis 1 Family: Cantharidae Cantharis cryptica 1 Cantharis livida 1 Cantharis nigra 1 1 10* 1 2 9 100* Cantharis nigricans 2 1 Cantharis pallida 2 Cantharis pellucida 1 Cantharis rufa 1 1 1 1 Cantharis rustica 1 2 Rhagonycha fulva 2 3 1 5 Family: Melyridae Malachius bipustulatus 2 3 3 1 3 2 1 Family: Nitidulidae Glischrochilus hortensis 1 Family: Coccinellidae Adalia bipunctata 20* Calvia quattuordecimguttata 2 Coccinella septempunctata 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 9 8 1 3 4 Exochomus quadripustulatus 1 Harmonia axyridis 1 1 Family: Oedemeridae Oedemera lurida 1 Family: Cerambycidae Tetropium gabrieli 1 Family: Chrysomelidae Cassida rubiginosa 1 Oulema melanopus [s. l.] 1 Family: Apionidae Protapion apricans 1 Family: Curculionidae Phyllobius argentatus 3 Phyllobius pyri 1 Order: Hymenoptera Suborder: Symphyta Family: Argidae Arge cyanocrocea 1 Family: Cephidae Cephus spinipes 1 120 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Family: Tenthredinidae Athalia ancilla 1 Athalia bicolor 1 Dineura stilata 1 Dolerus madidus 1 Dolerus nigratus 1 1 1 Dolerus picipes 3 3 1 1 3 2 2 Dolerus yokonensis 1 Eriocampa ovata 2 Pachynematus clitellatus 1 Pachynematus extensicornis 1 Pachyprotasis rapae 1 1 1 Rhogogaster viridis 1 Selandria serva 1 2 1 Tenthredo arcuata 1 1 Tenthredo brevicornis 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 Tenthredo notha 1 Tenthredo velox 2 Tenthredopsis nassata 1 1 Suborder: Apocrita Superfamily: Aculeata Family: Chrysididae Chrysis corusca 1 Chrysis ignita 1 Family: Formicidae Lasius niger [s. s.] 751* 107* 41* 20* 1 7 206* Myrmica rubra 1 Family: Tiphiidae Tiphia minuta 1 Family: Eumenidae Ancistrocerus gazella 1 Family: Vespidae Dolichovespula norwegica 1 Dolichovespula saxonica 20* Vespa crabro 1 Vespula germanica 1 1 5 Vespula vulgaris 1 1 1 2 5 Family: Crabronidae Mellinus arvensis 1 Family: Andrenidae Andrena fulva 1 Andrena haemorrhoa 1 Andrena minutula 1 Andrena nigroaenea 2 2 1 Andrena scotica 1 1 Family: Halictidae Halictus rubicundus 1 1 Lasioglossum albipes 1 Lasioglossum leucopus 1 Family: Megachilidae Anthidium manicatum 1 Megachile centuncularis 1 Megachile ligniseca 1 Family: Anthophoridae Nomada flava 3 Family: Apidae Apis mellifera 1 15* 3 2 2 3 1 2 11* Bombus bohemicus 1 Bombus campestris 1 Bombus hortorum 1+ 1 4 Bombus hypnorum 5 1 121 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Bombus lapidarius 24* 14* 11* 22* 15* 21* 24* 2 5 3 1 4 1+ Bombus lucorum 2 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 Bombus pascuorum 2 12* 1 3 4 9* 4 10* 1 21* 1 1 11 Bombus pratorum 5 Bombus rupestris 2 1 1 3 2 1 Bombus terrestris 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 Bombus vestalis 2 2 5 2 2 10* 24* 1 20* 2 2 1 Superfamily: Parasitica Family: Cynipidae Cynips divisa 6 Family: Ichneumonidae Achaius oratorius 1 Eurylabus torvus 1 Ichneumon sarcitorius 1 Polyblastus varitarsus 1 Scambus buolianae 1 Syrphoctonus tarsatorius 1 Tryphon trochanteratus 1 Tymmophorus obscuripes 1 Order: Diptera Suborder: Nematocera Family: Tipulidae Nephrotoma appendiculata 1 Nephrotoma flavescens 1 Nephrotoma scurra 1 1 Tipula couckei 1 Tipula fascipennis 1 Tipula lunata 1 Tipula paludosa 31* 53* 51* 30* 4 22* 32* 5 20* 1 6 2 1 3 Tipula vernalis 1 Family: Limoniidae Dicranomyia modesta 1 Limonia phragmitidis 1 Symplecta stictica 1 Family: Bibionidae Bibio marci 21* 2 50* 1 1 2 20* 3 102* 1 1 201* 10* 20* Dilophus febrilis 1 1 Dilophus femoratus 1 Family: Anisopodidae Sylvicola fenestralis 1 Family: Culicidae Aedes punctor 1 Family: Rhagionidae Chrysopilus cristatus 1 2 Rhagio lineola 1 Rhagio scolopaceus 4 5 1 Rhagio tringarius 1 2 1 1 Family: Tabanidae Haematopota pluvialis 1 1 Family: Stratiomyidae Beris chalybata 1 1 1 1 Beris vallata 1 Chloromyia formosa 1 1 1 2 3 5 1 21* Chorisops tibialis 1 Family: Bombyliidae Bombylius major 1 Family: Asilidae Dioctria atricapilla 3 Dioctria rufipes 2 1 1 1 Leptogaster cylindrica 1 122 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Family: Hybotidae Bicellaria vana 6 2 18 11 1 9 Hybos culiciformis 1 2 1 Platypalpus agilis 1 Platypalpus longicornis 1 Family: Empididae Empis chioptera 1 Empis livida 1 1 1 2 3 Empis nigripes 2 1 1 Empis nuntia 1 1 1 1 1 Empis praevia 3 4 Empis tessellata 3 Empis trigramma 2 Hilara litorea 1 Hilara maura 1 2 1 6 1 Rhamphomyia albohirta 1 Rhamphomyia subcinerascens 4 Rhamphomyia sulcata 1 2 2 Rhamphomyia tarsata 8 Family: Dolichopodidae Campsicnemus curvipes 1 1 Chrysotimus molliculus 1 2 Chrysotus neglectus 1 Dolichopus longicornis 1 1 Dolichopus plumipes 2 Dolichopus trivialis 6 Dolichopus ungulatus 1 1 1 2 Medetera truncorum 1 Sympycnus desoutteri 1 2 2 3 2 Family: Lonchopteridae Lonchoptera bifurcata 1 Lonchoptera lutea 1 1 2 2 Family: Syrphidae Cheilosia albitarsis [s. l.] 2 2 Cheilosia illustrata 1 Cheilosia pagana 2 Cheilosia variabilis 1 Cheilosia vernalis 1 Chrysotoxum festivum 1 Epistrophe eligans 1 Epistrophe grossulariae 3 Episyrphus balteatus 1 1 1 1 1 4 3 5 3 2 Eristalis interruptus 1 Eristalis intricarius 1 1 1 Eristalis pertinax 1 1 24* 2 1 2 Eristalis tenax 1 1 Eupeodes corollae 1 1 2 Eupeodes luniger 2 Helophilus pendulus 4 2 1 2 1 Helophilus trivittatus 1 1 Leucozona lucorum 1 Melanostoma mellinum 21 12 9 8 1 8 16 6 5 1 3 5 2 1 Melanostoma scalare 1 7 2 1 4 7 1 Merodon equestris 1 1 Platycheirus albimanus 1 2 1 1 4 1 1 Platycheirus clypeatus 1 1 3 2 1 6 1 2 2 1 3 1 Platycheirus manicatus 1 Platycheirus scutatus [s. s.] 1 Rhingia campestris 2 Sphaerophoria interrupta 1 Sphaerophoria scripta 1 2 1 2 123 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Syritta pipiens 1 Syrphus ribesii 1 1 5 1 5 2 Volucella bombylans 1 Volucella pellucens 1 Xylota segnis 1 Family: Pipunculidae Eudorylas inferus 1 Eudorylas subterminatus 1 Pipunculus campestris 1 1 3 3 Pipunculus zugmayeriae 1 Family: Micropezidae Micropeza corrigiolata 1 Family: Psilidae Imantimyia albiseta 1 Family: Conopidae Conops flavipes 1 Conops quadrifasciatus 1 Sicus ferrugineus 2 1 1 Family: Platystomatidae Rivellia syngenesiae 2 1 2 1 1 2 Family: Tephritidae Campiglossa misella 1 Chaetorellia jaceae 1 1 Tephritis neesii 25 16 5 1 9 8 15 2 14 2 Tephritis vespertina 1 1 Urophora jaceana 1 1 Family: Dryomyzidae Dryomyza anilis 1 Family: Sciomyzidae Coremacera marginata 2 2 1 2 Pherbellia cinerella 1 2 1 1 1 Tetanocera elata 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 Family: Sepsidae Nemopoda nitidula 1 Sepsis cynipsea 1 Sepsis orthocnemis 2 1 Themira annulipes 1 Themira leachi 1 Family: Agromyzidae Liriomyza strigata 1+ Phytomyza leucanthemi 1+ Family: Opomyzidae Geomyza balachowskyi 1 1 Geomyza tripunctata 5 Opomyza florum 1 1 18 10 Opomyza germinationis 1 4 6 3 2 7 6 Opomyza petrei 1 Family: Heleomyzidae Suillia affinis 1 2 Suillia variegata 1 Family: Scathophagidae Nanna armillata 1 1 1 Nanna fasciata 1 2 1 6 Nanna flavipes 1 Nanna inermis 1 Norellia spinipes 7 Norellisoma spinimanum 3 Scathophaga stercoraria 5 1 3 6 Family: Muscidae Coenosia testacea 1 Coenosia tigrina 5 2 6 4 4 6 4 6 1 4 3 2 3 124 APPENDIX 5: DISSECTION OF INVERTEBRATE DATA 2016

SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 U Eudasyphora cyanella 1 Graphomya maculata 1 Helina calceata 2 Helina depuncta 3 Helina impuncta 2 1 1 1 Helina reversio 1 1 Helina setiventris 1 Helina trivittata 1 1 Hydrotaea irritans 1 1 Mesembrina meridiana 1 Muscina levida 1 2 Mydaea urbana 1 Myospila meditabunda 1 Phaonia angelicae 2 1 Phaonia errans 1 Phaonia fuscata 1 1 2 Phaonia incana 3 1 1 2 Phaonia serva 1 1 Phaonia subventa 1 Phaonia tuguriorum 1 3 1 4 Family: Calliphoridae Bellardia viarum 1 1 Bellardia vulgaris 1 2 Calliphora vicina 2 1 1 Cynomya mortuorum 3 Lucilia ampullacea 1 Lucilia caesar 1 1 12 2 Lucilia silvarum 1 Pollenia rudis 1 1 3 Family: Sarcophagidae Sarcophaga carnaria 1 1 Sarcophaga vagans 1 Family: Tachinidae Dexiosoma caninum 1 Dufouria chalybeata 1 Eriothrix rufomaculata 1 1 Exorista rustica 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 Gonia picea 1 Pales pavida 1 Phryxe vulgaris 1 1 1 Siphona geniculata 1 1 Tachina fera 6 1 Thelaira nigrina 1 Thelaira solivaga 1 1 Trixa conspersa 1

125 APPENDIX 6: INVERTEBRATES RECORDED FROM HOLLICARRS WOOD 2016

Hollicarrs Wood adjoins the eastern boundary of the Three Hagges Wood-meadow recording area and is inevitably of interest to visiting naturalists. The following Hollicarrs Wood records were as a result of the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union’s visits during 2016. Species marked with an asterisk * have not as yet been recorded from the Three Hagges Wood-meadow recording area [survey compartments 1 to 14].

Stuart Foster recorded the following bugs: Pentatomidae; Dolycoris baccarum, Eysarcoris venustissimus*, Palomena prasina: Rhopalidae; Rhopalus subrufus: Anthocoridae; Acompocoris pygmaeus*, Anthocoris nemoralis, Anthocoris nemorum: Berytidae; Metatropis rufescens*: Lygaeidae; Cymus claviculus*, Gastrodes grossipes: Miridae; Atractotomus parvulus*, Blepharidopterus angulatus, Campyloneura virgula, Deraeocoris flavilinea, Deraeocoris lutescens, Dicyphus stachydis, Heterotoma planicornis, Liocoris tripustulatus, Lygocoris contaminatus, Lygocoris pabulinus, Macrolophus rubi*, Malacocoris chlorizans*, Orthotylus flavosparsus*, Pantilius tunicatus*, Pinalitus cervinus, Plagiognathus arbustorum, Stenodema laevigata, Tupiocoris rhododendri*: Nabidae; Himacerus mirmicoides, Nabis ferus*, Nabis flavomarginatus, Nabis rugosus: Reduviidae; Empicoris vagabundus*: Tingidae; Acalypta parvula*: Saldidae; Saldula saltatoria: Aphrophoridae; Aphrophora alni, Philaenus spumarius: Cicadellidae; Adarrus ocellaris, Agallia consobrina*, Anoscopus albifrons*, Aphrodes makarovi, Arthaldeus pascuellus, Balclutha punctata, Cicadula quadrinotata*, Eupteryx aurata, Eupteryx urticae*, Eupteryx vittata*, Evacanthus interruptus*, Fagocyba carri*, Graphocephala fennahi*, Lamprotettix nitidulus*, Macropsis scotti*, Macrosteles viridigriseus*, Megophthalmus scabripennis, Mocydia crocea, Ossiannilssonola callosa*, Populicerus confusus, Zyginidia scutellaris: Cixiidae; Cixius distinguendus*: Delphacidae; Conomelas anceps, Javesella dubia, Javesella pellucida, Kelisia vittipennis*: Psyllidae; Cacopsylla fulguralis*, Spanioneura fonscolombii*.

Terry Crawford recorded the following molluscs: Agriolimacidae; Deroceras invadens*, Deroceras reticulatum: Arionidae; Arion ater [sensu lato], Arion rufus: Limacidae; Lehmannia marginata*, Limax maximus*: Clausiliidae; Clausilia bidentata*: Cochlicopidae; Cochlicopa lubrica*: Discidae; Discus rotundatus*: Euconulidae; Euconulus fulvus*: Gastrodontidae; Zonitoides excavatus*: Helicidae; Cepaea nemoralis: Oxychilidae; Oxychilus alliarius*.

Jim Flanagan recorded the following harvestman, millipedes, woodlouse and beetles: Sclerosomatidae; Leiobunum rotundum: Julidae; Ommatoiulus sabulosus*, Tachypodoiulus niger: Oniscidae; Philoscia muscorum: Coccinellidae; Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata: Tenebrionidae; Lagria hirta*: Chrysomelidae; Chrysolina hyperici*.

126 APPENDIX 6: PLANT LIST 2016

The table below summarises plants mentioned within the report. The plant list is neither extensive nor inclusive, but merely serves to record a few conspicuous flowering plants which provide sources of nectar and pollen for invertebrates.

TAXA COMMON NAME AREAS Apiaceae Parsley family [unspecified] 11, 12, 13 Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14 Cirsium Thistles [unspecified] 11, 12 Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn 12 Echium vulgare Viper’s Bugloss 11 Epilobium angustifolium Rose-bay Willow-herb 6, 7, 10, 11 Eupatorium cannabinum Hemp Agrimony 11, 12 Ficaria verna Lesser Celandine 11, 14 Glebionis segetum Corn Marigold 11 Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed 11, 12 Hieracium Hawkweeds [unspecified] 7 Hyacinthoides non-scripta Bluebell 7, 11, 14 Lamium album White Deadnettle 11, 12 Lapsana communis Nipplewort 7, 13, 14 Leucanthemum vulgare Ox-eye Daisy 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14 Lotus uliginosus Greater Bird’s-foot Trefoil 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 Lychnis flos-cuculi Ragged Robin 6, 7, 8, 10 Malva moschata Musk Mallow 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Myosotis Forget-me-nots [unspecified] 14 Narcissus Daffodils [unspecified] 11 Primula veris Cowslip 14 Primula vulgaris Primrose 14 Ranunculus Buttercups [unspecified] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 Rhinanthus minor Yellow Rattle 6, 8 Rubus fruticosus Bramble 12 Sambucus nigra Elder 1a Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 14 Senecio vulgaris Groundsel 12 Silene dioica Red Campion 1, 10, 11 Taraxacum officinale Dandelion 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 Trifolium pratense Red Clover 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 11 Trifolium repens White Clover 7, 8, 13, 14 Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot 12

127 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Photographers: Pat & Jim Bone (PJB); Anna Cabriolu (AMC); Andrew Grayson (AG); Lin Hawthorne (LH); and Dave Tate (DT)

Cornu aspersum Garden Snail on 11th April 2016 (AG)

Metellina segmentata [a long-jawed orb-weaver spider] on 25th August 2016 (PJB) 128 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Ephemera vulgata Drake Mackerel Mayfly male on 28th May 2016 (PJB)

Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly male on 28th May 2016 (PJB) 129 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Ischnura elegans Blue-tailed Damselfly male on 4th August 2016 (AG)

Pyrrhosoma nymphula Large Red Damselfly male on 5th June 2016 (PJB) 130 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Libellula depressa Broad-bodied Chaser [a dragonfly] male on 2nd June 2016 (AG)

Libellula depressa Broad-bodied Chaser [a dragonfly] exuvia on 2nd June 2016 (AG)

131 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Libellula depressa Broad-bodied Chaser [a dragonfly] male on 18th June 2016 (PJB)

Libellula quadrimaculata Four-spotted Chaser [a dragonfly] male on 21st June 2016 (DT) 132 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Orthetrum cancellatum Black-tailed Skimmer [a dragonfly] female on 6th June 2016 (PJB)

Sympetrum striolatum Common Darter [a dragonfly] pair ovipositing on 1st September 2016 (PJB) 133 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Palomena prasina Green Shieldbug on 22nd May 2016 (LH)

Panorpa communis Common Scorpion-fly female on 22nd June 2016 (PJB) 134 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Zygaena filipendulae Six-spot Burnet [a moth] caterpillar on 20th May 2016 (LH)

Zygaena filipendulae Six-spot Burnet [a moth] on 17th July 2016 (PJB) 135 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Drepana falcataria Pebble Hook-tip [a moth] caterpillar on 11th September 2016 (PJB)

Cabera pusaria Common White Wave [a moth] on 2nd June 2016 (AG) 136 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Camptogramma bilineata Yellow Shell [a moth] on 19th June 2016 (PJB)

Spilosoma lubricipeda White Ermine [a moth] on 22nd May 2016 (LH)

137 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Acronicta rumicis Knot Grass [a moth] caterpillar on 25th August 2016 (LH)

Hydraecia micacea Rosy Rustic [a moth] on 21st August 2016 (PJB) 138 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper [a butterfly] female on 22nd July 2016 (PJB)

Anthocharis cardamines Orange Tip [a butterfly] male on 16th May 2016 (PJB) 139 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Pieris napi Green-veined White [a butterfly] male on 16th May 2016 (PJB)

Pieris brassicae Large White [a butterfly] male on 1st September 2016 (AG) 140 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell [a butterfly] on 21st July 2016 (AG)

Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown [a butterfly] female on 12th August 2016 (PJB) 141 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Pararge aegeria Speckled Wood [a butterfly] on 4th September 2016 (PJB)

Vanessa cardui Painted Lady [a butterfly] on 6th June 2016 (PJB) 142 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Aricia agestis Brown Argus [a butterfly] on 24th August 2016 (PJB)

Lycaena phlaeas Small Copper [a butterfly] on 27th August 2016 (PJB) 143 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Polyommatus icarus Common Blue [a butterfly] male on 19th June 2016 (PJB)

Acilius sulcatus [a water beetle] male on 9th June (PJB) 144 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Cantharis rustica [a soldier beetle] in copula on 6th June 2016 (AG)

Eriocampa ovata Woolly Alder Sawfly larva on 6th September 2016 (PJB) 145 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Rhogogaster viridis Green Sawfly female on 22nd June 2016 (PJB)

Lasius niger Black Garden Ant nest on 31st July 2016 (LH) 146 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Dolichovespula saxonica Saxon Wasp [a social wasp] nest on 21st July 2016 (AG)

Bombus lucorum White-tailed Bumblebee queen on 11th April 2016 (AG) 147 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Bombus pascuorum Common Carder-bee [a bumblebee] worker on 19th June 2016 (PJB)

Bombus vestalis Vestal Cuckoo-bee [a cuckoo bumblebee] male on 4th August 2016 (AMC) 148 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Tipula paludosa [a crane-fly] in copula on 18th September 2016 (PJB)

Rhagio scolopaceus Down-looker Fly [a snipe-fly] on 2nd June 2016 (AG) 149 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Leucozona lucorum [a hoverfly] female on 2nd June 2016 (AG)

Liriomyza strigata [a leaf-mining fly] leaf-mine on 19th October 2016 (LH) 150 APPENDIX 8: PHOTOGRAPHS OF INVERTEBRATES

Phytomyza leucanthemi [a leaf-mining fly] leaf-mine on 27th August 2016 (LH)

Tachina fera [a parasitic fly] female on 1st September 2016 (AG) 151 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC.

All photographs in Appendix 9 were from the camera of Andrew Grayson, except for three from Dave Tate (DT)

Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union visit on 5th May 2016: Nicholas Atherton, Terry Crawford, Andy Millard, Andy Grayson, Lin Hawthorne, Dave Chesmore, Harry Beaumont and Stuart Foster

Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union visit on 2nd June 2016: Dave Chesmore, Carolyn Gorres and Lin Hawthorne 152 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC.

Nicholas Atherton and Lin Hawthorne at the Bee Hotel on 5th May 2016

Youngsters collecting invertebrates in the meadow during the Discovery Day on 2nd July 2016 153 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC.

Lin Hawthorne and Rosalind Forbes Adam in the meadow during the Discovery Day on 2nd July 2016 (DT)

Kelly Redeker about to pond-dip alongside other attendees during the Discovery Day on 2nd July 2016 (DT) 154 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC.

Julian Small examining the catch from a pond-dip during the Discovery Day on 2nd July 2016 (DT)

155 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC.

Anna Cabriolu pond-dipping during the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union visit on 4th August 2016

Refreshments during the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union visit on 4th August 2016: Anna Cabriolu, Lin Hawthorne, Ros Forbes Adam, Stuart Foster and Jim Flanagan 156 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC.

The Bee Hotel on 11th April 2016

The Bee Hotel and adjacent pile of sand on 11th April 2016 157 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC.

The Bee Hotel on 1st September 2016

Mining bee nest-holes in the pile of sand beside the Bee Hotel on 9th May 2016 158 APPENDIX 9: PHOTOGRAPHS OF EVENTS ETC.

Evidence of invertebrate nesting in the Bee Hotel on 2nd June 2016

Evidence of invertebrate nesting in the Bee Hotel on 2nd June 2016