Earthquake Protection Systems (EPS) Qualifications

Sabiha Gokcen International Airport Dumbarton Toll Bridge, Turkey California, U.S.A.

Triple Pendulum Seismic Isolation Bearing

LNG Tanks Remain Operational after Exxon & Shell Offshore Platforms, Sakhalin, Magnitude 8.8 EQ, Chile Russia

Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. E 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 P Mare Island, Vallejo, California 94592 S United States of America Tel: (707) 644-5993 Fax: (707) 644-5995

Page 1 of 47 10/02/2014 EPS Concept Proposal and Qualifications For Development of 1/3 of North Mare Island Reuse Area 1A

Summary

Earthquake Protection Systems (“EPS”) proposes to build 400,000 square feet of buildings for manufacturing, office, and commercial use. The requested 52 acre site is between Azuar Drive and Walnut Avenue, at the northwest corner of Reuse Area 1A. EPS expects to employ over 1000 people at our Mare Island buildings, including engineers, skilled machinist, and specialty manufacturing technicians. EPS’s manufacturing operations use state-of-the-art manufacturing techniques and equipment to manufacture and test the highest quality construction products available worldwide.

EPS currently owns 23 acres and 310,000 square feet of buildings on North Mare Island. EPS is now requesting an additional 52 acres to expand our Mare Island engineering and manufacturing operations. The 52 acres is 1/3 of Reuse Area 1A. The 400,000 square feet of total buildings is 1/3 of the building entitlements in place for Reuse Area 1A under the current Mare Island Specific Plan.

EPS’s use is consistent with Vallejo’s Reuse Plan, and Mare Island historic role as the manufacturing center for the replacement pacific fleet. The EPS proposed use does not require changing the approved building entitlements under the existing Mare Island Specific Plan. Construction on the 1/3 portion of Reuse Area 1A could start in 2015. For the balance 2/3 of Reuse Area 1A, variations to the Specific Plan, Reuse Plan, General Plan, EIR and CEQA could be developed later.

EPS’s sales, assets, and employees have doubled every five years for the past 30 years (6 consecutive doublings). As the company grew, EPS moved from Alameda, to San Francisco, to Emeryville, to Richmond, and to Vallejo in 2003. EPS was the first to purchase a property from Lennar Mare Island (LMI). Since then, EPS has doubled its ownership of acreage and buildings on North Mare Island. EPS’s business developments are on track to double sales, assets, and employees every 5 years for the next 30 years (6 more doublings). If Vallejo approves EPS’s proposal for 52 acres of Reuse Area 1A, EPS commits to remain on Mare Island for 30 more years.

EPS engineers are internationally recognized as experts in engineering and construction products. Our innovative engineering solutions and construction products have been used for over $100 Billion of important buildings, bridges and industrial facilities, in 24 countries. The world’s largest governments and corporations have relied on EPS’s engineering and construction products for their most important buildings, bridges, and industrial facilities.

As the first new commercial building to be constructed on the redeveloped Mare Island, EPS proposes to build a 10 story architecturally elegant 115,000 square foot Class A office and commercial building.

Page 2 of 47 10/02/2014 This EPS office building will showcase the most advanced building construction technologies available worldwide. EPS’s Triple Pendulum seismic bearings will protect the building from damage during earthquakes 10 times stronger than the required structure design strength under the California Building Code. EPS’s Solar Thermal Heating and Cooling, and solar electric system, will achieve zero net energy use, and zero consumption of fossil fuels. This will satisfy the California Energy Commission’s Vision 2030 Energy Efficiency Standards for commercial buildings, 14 years before the schedule to require “zero net energy use” for new commercial buildings.

The EPS office building components will be manufactured in EPS’s Building 627 factory, under our ISO9001:2008 Quality System, and simply bolted together on site. EPS’s superior quality factory manufactured buildings will feature wide-open elegant interior spaces with very few columns, 360 degrees of uninterrupted wrap-around window glass, and be engineered to be undamaged by the strongest earthquake shakings ever recorded worldwide. The EPS system for commercial buildings, with on site assembly of prefinished building components, is similar in concept to the Blu Homes factory manufactured houses.

Over 99% of current California construction uses prescriptive materials and methods developed primarily between 30 and 100 years ago. Starting 40 years ago, details for these traditional prescriptive materials and fabrication methods were modestly modified to reduce the risks of collapse during earthquakes, but not to avoid the devastating economic losses that major earthquakes typically cause a society. This was the field of Dr, Zayas Ph.D. thesis work at UC Berkeley during the 1970’s. These generic building materials, and generic fabrication methods, are implemented through a design, specify, bid, and build method that is very restrictive in how buildings are designed and built. Engineers and contractors win projects for buildings by offering the lowest design fees and construction costs for generic designs, building components, materials, and construction methods. The typical objective is to achieve the minimum cost construction for minimum code compliant generic buildings that are custom site fabricated from generic materials. One hundred years ago, the USA became the world’s leading industrial power by mastering the factory manufacturing mass production methods pioneered by Henry Ford. However, by codifying the concept of generic materials and fabrication methods for construction, the USA’s construction industry has remained 100 years behind the advances made in the manufacturing of real goods.

EPS’s seismic isolation designs, solar thermal heating ,ventilation and cooling systems, and factory manufactured building system, are constructed under California Building Code Section 108.7 “Alternate Materials, Designs, Tests, and Construction Methods”. EPS demonstrates that the performance of our structural, architectural, energy, and construction systems substantially exceed the performance of the prescriptive materials and methods specified in the building code. In fact, EPS’s factory manufactured buildings achieve an order of magnitude improvement in building quality, energy efficiency, and seismic resilience, which will set new standards for the codes and others to follow.

EPS proposes to start construction of the 10 story office building in 2015, if we can receive land title, and permission to use the existing water main and sanitary sewer lines along L Street, and the City of Vallejo’s approval of EPS as an alternate means and methods engineer and constructor.

Page 3 of 47 10/02/2014 Superior quality factory manufactured buildings, featuring energy efficiency and seismic resiliency, are the future of building construction. This proposal offers Vallejo an opportunity to become a center for a growing new industry, which could possibly return employment at Mare Island to over 40,000, as it was during the ship building years.

EPS President, Dr. Victor Zayas, will be personally responsible for the development of the requested 52 acres. He will serve as the development liaison with the City and other developers. Dr. Zayas has previously acquired and improved 7 properties totaling over 150 acres, including two properties on Mare Island.

Dr. Zayas is familiar with the Mare Island Environmental Statement/Environmental Impact Report, Navy cleanup of NMI, and the Mare Island Property Settlement and Exchange Agreement, settling the State, Federal, and City land rights issues.

The Structural Engineers Association of Northern California (SEAONC) awarded Victor its “Lifetime Achievement Award for outstanding achievement in Structural Engineering”, stating “Victor Zayas has changed the practice of structural engineering for the better”. The award recognized Victor’s 35 years of contributions to resilient structural designs.

Victor’s PhD thesis work at UC Berkeley had advanced seismic design concepts that were incorporated into building codes worldwide. The American Society of Civil Engineers cited “innovation in vision and lasting impact on design and construction” when electing Victor’s thesis work to an ASCE Hall of Fame.

Victor was elected to the Academy of Distinguished Alumni, of the University of California Berkeley, Civil Engineering Department, in recognition of his development of the Friction Pendulum concept, and outstanding engineering contributions towards resilient and sustainable structures.

As a development partner, Dr. Zayas offers to be an engineering and construction advisor to the City of Vallejo, and to the selected NMI developers, and to Lennar Mare Island. EPS proposes that Vallejo’s Economic Development Division serve as the managing partner of the NMI development efforts, to advance developments that support the City’s stated Goals and Objectives. Mare Island developments will benefit from the Vallejo’s Economic Development Division active coordination of the private company efforts.

Vallejo’s Economic Development Division has received proposals from parties wishing to use portions of Reuse Area 1A. These potential users, and submitting developers, may have an interest in office or commercial space. EPS is interested in the City referring any parties looking for commercial building space to EPS. Upon completion of the 115,000 square office building, EPS would like to offer 70,000 square feet of space for lease. EPS would also design and build other buildings to suit, in less time than required for the traditional develop, design, specify, bid, build, and lease system, especially for a development requiring changes to the Mare Island Specific Plan.

Page 4 of 47 10/02/2014 Qualifications as an Anchor User and Owner Occupant of Business Properties

EPS owns all of its properties, buildings, and manufacturing equipment free and clear of any debt. EPS has been self-financed throughout its 30 year business history. EPS has no current debt, and has had no debt in the past. EPS is currently working on two projects having values of EPS product sales of over $30 Million each. These are 2 of the total 30 projects EPS is involved in at various stages of design, manufacture, and construction. EPS has a perfect on time payment history with all material suppliers, and an excellent Dun and Bradstreet rating.

EPS’s sales and assets have had an average growth rate of 15% per year for the past 30 years. This growth rate exceeds that of any other US company operating in the engineering and construction industries during those years.

EPS was founded by Dr. Victor Zayas as the means of commercialize his invention of Friction Pendulum seismic isolation bearings. EPS has provided expert engineered solutions and seismic resistant construction products in 24 countries. EPS customers include the world’s largest government and corporations. EPS’s 2014 sales are $35 Million. EPS has 65 employees, and 310,000 square feet of building space on Mare Island.

EPS has the cash on hand to build the proposed 115,000 square office building. If required, EPS could take out first mortgages on our two existing Mare Island properties, to finance the balance of the proposed 400,000 square feet of building construction for the 52 acre site.

The posted “EPS Mission” is: “To reduce the devastating losses that earthquakes cause society by combining expert seismic engineering with advanced bearing technologies. To give our employees the opportunity to contribute their best to the EPS Mission, and earn according to their contributions.”

EPS is 90% employee owned, with 15% of employees holding shares or options. After 5 years of full time employment, employees are eligible to receive options for EPS shares. EPS’s shares have appreciated in value at an average rate of more that 15% per year for the past 30 years. Victor Zayas owns 52% of EPS.

EPS provides career development and technical training opportunities for all employees. EPS is committed to provide all employees an opportunity to produce to the best of their abilities, and thereby earn a better living than they could earn working elsewhere. Customers have commented that EPS employees are very loyal to the company. Three employees have been with EPS for 28 years, 12 for 15 years, and over 20 for over 10 years. EPS is also very loyal to our employees. EPS has never laid off an employee due to lack of work. EPS did not lose any employees when we moved from Alameda to San Francisco. EPS did not lose any employees when we moved from San Francisco to Emeryville. EPS did not lose any employees when we moved from Emeryville to Richmond. EPS did not lose any employees when we moved from Richmond to Vallejo. Several of our employees that previously lived in Richmond have purchased homes in Vallejo.

Page 5 of 47 10/02/2014 Narrative Concept of Development Details

EPS’s concept for 400,000 square feet of buildings on the 52 acres is explained in the summary. Supplemental information is provided below.

The use of EPS funds to construct the proposed office building is the best investment we can make with our cash on hand. EPS’s latest advances in building construction, seismic resiliency, and energy efficiency will be showcased in one building for all to see. This building will be promoted within industry publications for Green Buildings, architecture, engineering, and real estate.

EPS offers its engineering and construction services to the selected developers, and prospective major tenants, interested in new buildings.

EPS proposes to pay 1/3 of the cost of bringing adequate capacity for water, sanitary sewer, and storm water drainage to the borders of Reuse Area 1A. We propose each property should pay for the cost of distributing water, sanitary sewer, and storm water drainage within Reuse Area 1A, as required for their use.

Abundant electric and natural gas supply are currently available within Reuse Area 1A. We propose each property pay for for the cost of distributing electric and natural gas within Reuse Area 1A, as required for each propertiy’s use. EPS buildings will use the EPS solar heating, cooling and ventilation system, and will not use natural gas heating.

There are four possibly repairable existing buildings on the proposed 52 acres. Within the first year of taking title to the property, EPS expects to refurbish the exteriors of these buildings. These buildings are connected to the existing water and sanitary sewer system. If approval is given to use the existing water and sewer service, until upgraded service is available, EPS plans to renovate the interiors and bring these buildings into service.

Page 6 of 47 10/02/2014 Page 7 of 47 10/02/2014 Page 8 of 47 10/02/2014

EARTHQUAKE PROTECTION SYSTEMS SELECTED REFERENCE LIST 2002-2013

Year Project Name Client/Owner 2013 Taipei Performing Arts Center, Taiwan City of Taipei 2013 Agora Garden Building, Taiwan BES Engineering 2013 Chiche Bridge, Ecuador Grupo Puentes 2013 San Pedro Bridge, Ecuador Grupo Puentes 2013 Gualanday Bridge, Colombia Concesionaria San Rafael S.A. 2012 Apple Campus Main Building Apple Inc. 2012 Burbank Airport, California City of Burbank 2012 LDS Temple, Chile Church of Latter Day Saints 2012 I-90 Track Bridge Parsons Brinkerhoff/WDOT 2012 ITER Project Oak Ridge National Lab. 2012 Cyprus Building Quakeguard 2012 Upper Liard Bridge, Yukon Canada Ministry of Transportation 2011 Sakhalin Offshore Platforms, Russia Shell/Sakneftegaz 2011 Baha’i Temple Chile Nat. Spiritual Assembly of Baha’is 2011 Turkey High Speed Rail Bridges Turkish National Railway 2011 Spain High Speed Rail Viaducts Spanish National Railway 2011 Texas Instruments Expansion Phase 2 Texas Instruments 2011 Variente-Sur-Pereira Bridges, Colombia Consorcio Grupo Constructor 2011 Patcong Bridge, New Jersey NJ Turnpike Authority 2011 Snohomish Bridge, Washington WDOT 2011 Hackensack Bridge, New Jersey NJ Turnpike Authority 2010 Acapulco City Hall Govt. of Guerrero, Mexico 2010 Nouvelle Autoroute A30 Project, Canada CJV Consortium 2010 San Bernardino Courthouse State of California 2010 Stanford University Hospital Stanford University 2010 Flandes Arch Bridge, Colombia Grodco 2010 Texas Instruments Expansion Phase 1 Texas Instruments 2010 Viaducto Cajamarco, Colombia Consorcio Grupo Constructor 2010 Puente San Andres, Colombia Consorcio IMHOTEP 2010 Kahoma Bridge, Hawaii State of Hawaii DOT 2009 Washington Hospital, California Washington Hospital Healthcare 2009 San Francisco General Hospital City of San Francisco 2009 Antioch and Dumbarton Bridges, San Francisco Bay Area Toll Authority 2009 Todaiji Temple, Japan Nankai Tsun-un 2009 Coello Bridges, Colombia Consorcio Grupo Constructor 2009 11th Ave Viaduct, New York City of New York 2009 Big Bear Bridge, California Caltrans

Page 9 of 47 10/02/2014

EARTHQUAKE PROTECTION SYSTEMS SELECTED REFERENCE LIST 2002-2013 Continued

Year Project Name Client/Owner 2009 Winston Bridge, Oregon Oregon DOT 2009 Cyprus Electricity Building JV A. Panaydes/Iordanou 2008 Arkutun-Dagi Off-Shore Platform, Russia ExxonMobil 2008 Manzanillo LNG Facility, Mexico Samsung Enginering Co. 2008 Sabiha Gokcen International Airport, Turkey Govt. of Turkey 2008 High Speed Railway Bridge, Greece Govt. of Greece 2008 Rio Chone Bridge, Ecuador Ecuador Army Corps of Engineers 2008 Esmeraldas Bridge, Ecuador Ecuador Army Corps of Engineers 2008 River Bridge, Turkmenistan Govt. of Turkmenistan 2008 U.C.S.F. Medical Building, San Francisco University of California 2008 Cyprus University Building, Cyprus University of Cyprus 2007 Texas Instruments Facility, Philippines Texas Instruments 2007 LNG Storage Tanks, Chile Chicago Bridge & Iron 2007 LNG Storage Tanks, Peru Chicago Bridge & Iron 2007 Mills Peninsula Hospital, California Sutter Health Group 2007 Yuna Bridge, Dominican Republic Govt. of Dominican Republic 2007 Skybridge-Linked Apartments, China Modern Real Estate Devel. Co. Ltd. 2007 Barbos & Bolillo Bridges, Columbia Grupo Odsina 2007 Kealakaha Bridge, Hawaii State of Hawaii DOT 2007 Glendale Municipal Services Building City of Glendale 2006 Germasogeia Bridge, Cyprus Govt. of Cyprus 2006 iMarketKorea Inc. Elevated Bridge, South Korea Samsung, South Korea 2006 Los Angeles Emergency Operations Center City of Los Angeles 2006 Pasadena City Hall Retrofit City of Pasadena 2006 Cathedral of Christ the Light, Oakland Catholic Cathedral Corp. 2006 Polimeri Chemical Tanks, Italy ENI, Italy 2006 Sakhalin Energy Off-Shore Platforms, Russia Shell International 2005 Bolu Viaducts, Turkey Govt. of Turkey 2005 Genentech Facility, California Genentech Corp. 2005 Tarabya Hotel, Turkey Govt. of Turkey 2005 U.S. Government Building, China U.S. State Dept. 2004 Teslin River Bridge Rehabilitation, Canada Yukon Govt., Canada 2004 102nd Street Bridge, LaGuardia Airport Port Authority of NY and NJ 2004 Pioneer Courthouse, Portland U.S. General Services Admin. 2003 Kocaeli University Hospital, Turkey Kocaeli University, Turkey 2003 Benicia-Martinez Bridge Retrofit State of California DOT 2002 X-Band Radar Missile Defense (Prototypes) U.S. Army 2002 Fire Operations and Training Center Orange County, California 2002 I-40 Bridge of the Mississippi River State of Tennessee DOT

Page 10 of 47 10/02/2014

FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATION REFERENCE PROJECT INFORMATION:

Technical Specifications Project Owner Year No. of Max Design Max Displ. Isolation Testing Remarks Completed FP Load Capacity Period Bearings (Kips) (inches) (sec)

Apple Main Campus Apple 2015 Est. 694 4,000 50 5.5 EPS High-Speed Testing Cupertino, California Real-Time

Arkutun-Dagi Oil Platform ExxonMobil 2014 Est. 5 20,000 25 4 Project High-Speed Testing Sakhalin Island, Russia Specific

Stanford Hospital Stanford University 2016 Est. 193 3,500 36 5.5 EPS High-Speed Testing San Francisco, CA, USA Real-Time

RITC & Customer Service Bldg Burbank Airport Authority 2014 Est. 153 2,300 32 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Burbank, CA, USA Real-Time

San Francisco General Hospital City of San Francisco 2015 Est. 116 2,300 32 5.5 EPS High-Speed Testing San Francisco, CA, USA Real-Time

Washington Hospital Washington Hospital 2016 Est. 74 1,150 36 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Fremont, CA, USA Real-Time

San Bernardino Cort House State of California 2015 Est. 69 2,700 42 5.5 EPS High-Speed Testing San Bernardino, CA, USA Real-Time

Hackensak Bridge New Jersey Turnpike 2014 Est. 296 4,000 9 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Hackensak, NJ, USA Real-Time

Dumbarton Bridge State of California 2012 96 1,050 42 5 EPS High-Speed Testing Fremont, CA, USA Real-Time Verification Tests on Few Brgs Performed at UCSD

Antioch Bridge State of California 2012 86 3,000 26 5 EPS High-Speed Testing Antioch, CA, USA Real-Time Verification Tests on Few Brgs Performed at UCSD

Page 11 of 47 10/02/2014

FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATION REFERENCE PROJECT INFORMATION:

Technical Specifications Project Owner Year No. of Max Design Max Displ. Isolation Testing Remarks Completed FP Load Capacity Period Bearings (Kips) (inches) (sec)

Shuttle Endeover Exhibit California Science Center 2012 4 100 24 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Los Angeles, CA, USA Real-Time

Snohoomish River Bridge Washington Department 2012 35 1,830 16 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Washington, USA of Transportation Real-Time

Seyrantepe Stadium Roof Galatsaray Soccer Club 2011 8 1,500 13 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Istanbul, Turkey Real-Time

Todaji Temple Exhibit Todaji Temple 2011 16 600 19 5.5 EPS High-Speed Testing Japan Real-Time

Acapulco City Hall City of Acapulco 2011 156 2,700 21 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Acapulco, Mexico Real-Time

River Bridge Icakale Construction 2010 36 1,200 23 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Turkminestan Real-Time

Spain High Speed Rail Spain High Speed Rail 2010 56 3,200 16 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Spain Authority Real-Time

Hwy A30 Route Bridge Project Dragados JV 2010 236 1,100 10 2.5 EPS High-Speed Testing Montreal, Canada Real-Time

Greece High Speed Rail Greece High Speed Rail 2010 82 4,600 10 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Greece Authority Real-Time

Turkey High Speed Rail Turkey High Speed Rail 2010 198 2,250 25 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Turkey Authority Real-Time

Page 12 of 47 10/02/2014

FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATION REFERENCE PROJECT INFORMATION:

Technical Specifications Project Owner Year No. of Max Design Max Displ. Isolation Testing Remarks Completed FP Load Capacity Period Bearings (Kips) (inches) (sec)

Sabiha Gokcen International Limal/GMR 2009 296 4,600 14 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Airport, istanbul, Turkey Real-Time

Texas Instrument Facility Texas Instrument 2010 35 1,600 18 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Phillippines R al-Time

Bahai & Esmeralldes Bridges Equador Army Corps 2009 175 1,200 23 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Equador R al-Time

Manzanillo LNG Tanks Samsung 2009 680 1,300 28 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Manzanillo, Mexico Real-Time

UCSF IRMB Building San Francisco University 2010 42 1,350 28 4 EPS High-Speed Testing San Francisco, CA, USA Real-Time

Chile LNG Tanks GNL, Chile 2010 522 1,400 18 4 EPS High-Speed Testing Chile Real-Time

Gentech Facility Genentech 2007 87 3,000 16 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Vacaville, CA, USA Real-Time

Black Sea Bridge KGM, Turkey 2008 8 8,600 10 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Turkey Real-Time

Pioneer Court House General Services 2007 77 800 18 3 EPS High-Speed Testing Portland, OR, USA Administration Real-Time

Big Bear Bridge State of California 2009 2 6,600 26 5.5 EPS High-Speed Testing Big Bear, CA, USA Real-Time

Page 13 of 47 10/02/2014

FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATION REFERENCE PROJECT INFORMATION:

Technical Specifications Project Owner Year No. of Max Design Max Displ. Isolation Testing Remarks Completed FP Load Capacity Period (Kips) (inches) (sec) Bearings

Mills Peninsula Hospital Sutter Health Group 2008 175 3,700 32 4 2001 CBC High-Speed Testing San Francisco

Peru LNG Tanks, Peru Chicago Bridge & Iron 2008 514 2000 26 3.5 2001 CBC

Sakhalin Oil Platforms Shell 2007 10 20,000 25 4 Project High-Speed Testing Russia S ecific

Germasogia Roundabout Cyprus Dept. of Transp. 2007 48 3,000 12 3 1999 Project, Cyprus AASHTO

Kaleakela Bridge, Hawaii Hawaii Dept. of Transp. 2007 8 5000 10 3 1999 AASHTO

Los Angeles Emergency City of Los Angeles 2006 44-FP 1000 22 3 Project Tension Testing Operations, Los Angeles 22-TFP Specific

Pasadena City Hall City of Pasadena 2006 242 3,700 25 4 2001 CBC Pasadena

Glendale City Hall City of Glendale 2007 17 3,500 20 3 Project Glendale Specific

Washington Bridge Washington Dept. of 2005 12 10,000 18 3 1999 Seattle Transportation AASHTO

Tarabaya Hotel Pension Fund, Turkey 2006 140 2000 15 3 Istanbul, Turkey

Page 14 of 47 10/02/2014

FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATION REFERENCE PROJECT INFORMATION:

Technical Specifications Project Owner Year No. of Max Design Max Displ. Isolation Testing Remarks Completed FP Load Capacity Period Bearings (Kips) (inches) (sec)

Cryogenic Tanks Polimeri-Europa 2006 240 500 6 2.5 Project Priolo, Italy Specific

Kocaeli University Hospital Kocaeli University 2004 256 2000 12.5 3 2001 CBC Kocaeli, Turkey

Columbia Bridge 2006

IT-Complex Bridge Samsung 2007 4 TFP 500 22 3 Project Seoul, Korea Specific

Skyway Bridges Modern Land Development 2007 32 TFP 1000 20 3 Project Beijing, China Specific

Dominican Republic Bridge 2007

Susitna Bridge Alaska DOT 2007 12 1,200 11 2.75 1999 Alaska AASHTO

Takhini Bridge Yukon DOT 2006 1999 Yukon, Canada AASHTO

Oakland Cathedral Oakland Archdiese 2006 26 1,000 24 3.5 Project Oakland, CA Specific

GSA Canopy Roof Project General Services Admin. 2007 15 TFP 20 15 3 Project San Jose, CA Specific

Page 15 of 47 10/02/2014

FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATION REFERENCE PROJECT INFORMATION:

Technical Specifications Project Owner Year No. of Max Design Max Displ. Isolation Testing Remarks Completed FP Load Capacity Period Bearings (Kips) (inches) (sec)

XBR Antenna Mount Foundation United States Army In Design 22 1500 24 4 Project High-Velocity Testing USA Specific Owner Procured

Retrofit of Bolu Viaduct 1 Karyallori Genel Mudurgulu Under 544 2800 36 5 1999 Prototype Test (incl. High Vel.) Bolu, Turkey Repair AASHTO Completed at UCSD

Highway I-40 Bridge Tennessee Dept. of Transp. 2004 18 20,000 22 4 1999 High Load & High Velocity Tests Memphis, Tennessee, USA AASHTO Performed at UCSD

Benicia-Martinez Toll Bridge CALTRANS 2001 22 10,000 53 5 Project Prototype, Proof & High Velocity California, USA Specific Tests Performed at UCSD Owner Procured Prototype

Kodiak-Near Island Bridge Alaska Dept. of Transp. 2000 15 1500 15 3 1999 Extreme Cold Temp. Reqmt. Alaska, USA AASHTO Owner Procured

Highway 417 Bridge Ministry of Transportation 2000 40 1000 7 3 1999 Extreme Cold Temp. Reqmt. Ontario, Canada AASHTO Owner Procured

San Francisco New International San Francisco Airport 1997 267 3000 20 3 Project Terminal, California, USA Authority Specific

American River Bridge City of Folsom 1998 48 4000 10 3 Project Folsom, California, USA Specific

Two Large LNG Tanks DEPA, Public Gas Corpn. 1994 424 700 12 2.75 Project Extreme Cold Temp. Reqmt. Revithoussa, Greece of Greece Specific Owner Procured

Ataturk International Terminal Tepe-Akfen-Vie (TAV) 2000 130 400 11 3 Project Owner Procured Istanbul, Turkey Specific

Page 16 of 47 10/02/2014

FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATION REFERENCE PROJECT INFORMATION:

Technical Specifications Project Owner Year No. of Max Design Max Displ. Isolation Testing Remarks Completed FP Load Capacity Period Bearings (Kips) (inches) (sec)

San Francisco-Oakland Bay Br. California Dept. of Transp. 2000 4 4000 18 8 Project West Span, California, USA Specific

White River Bridge Government of Yukon 1997 9 1700 6 2.75 1999 Extreme Cold Temp. Reqmt. Yukon, Canada AASHTO

Rio-Hondo Busway Bridge California Dept. of Transp. 1998 21 1,350 12 3 Project California, USA Specific

Cintamani Temple Odiyna Retreat Center 2003 24 260 20 3 Project Owner Procured California, USA Specific

Los Angeles Cathedral Los Angeles Catholic 2000 4 1500 29 5 Project Tension Requirement California, USA Archdiocese Specific

AboveNet Communications Multimedia Fiber Network 2000 100 800 15 3 Project Owner Procured San Francisco, California, USA Services, Inc. Specific

Seattle Seahawks Football Washington Public 2000 4 3000 18 3 Stadium, Washington, USA Stadium Authority

Hayward City Hall City of Hayward 1996 52 900 22.5 3 1997 California, USA UBC

Safeco Data Center Safeco Insurance 1999 43 1100 11 3 1997 Washington, USA Company UBC

Washington State EOC State of Washington 1998 22 890 11 3.5 1997 Washington, USA UBC

Page 17 of 47 10/02/2014

FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATION REFERENCE PROJECT INFORMATION:

Technical Specifications Project Owner Year No. of Max Design Max Displ. Isolation Testing Remarks Completed FP Load Capacity Period Bearings (Kips) (inches) (sec)

U.S. Court of Appeals United States Federal 1993 256 1200 14 2.75 Project Owner Procured California, USA Government Specific

Ataturk Airport Terminal Extn. Tepe-Akfen-Vie (TAV) 2002 53 400 11 3 Project Owner Procured Istanbul, Turkey Specific

Light Tower, SF Civic Center City of San Francisco 1998 4 10 12 3.5 Project California, USA Specific

ISP Ammonia Tank International Specialty 1994 4 300 12 2.5 Project Owner Procured Kentucky, USA Products Specific

Emergency Water Tank Dow Chemical Company 1988 4 300 6 2.75 Project Tension Requirement California, USA Specific Owner Procured

Marina Apartment Building Dr. Brian Hawley 1990 32 90 7.5 2 Project Owner Procured California, USA Specific

Page 18 of 47 10/02/2014 Seismic Designs for Resilient Structures Victor Zayas, Ph.D., California Professional Engineer

Resilient buildings, bridges, and industrial facilities achieve 90% reliability of limiting seismic damage to less than 2% of replacement costs. Seismic isolation bearings can reduce the cost of resilient structures to be less than that for code compliant ductile structures. Over 1 million square meters of resilient buildings have been designed and constructed at lower costs than conventional ductile structures.

Resilient structures are achieved by absorbing seismic displacement in isolation bearings, maintaining an elastic structure, and minimizing in-structure accelerations and drifts. FEMA 58 “Seismic Performance Assessment” software is used to calculate the expected seismic damage at different strengths of earthquake shaking. FEMA 58 damage calculations guide the design of the isolation bearings to achieve the target reliability of limiting damage to the specified level. Post-earthquake functionality is typically retained when seismic damage is limited to less than 2% of the replacement costs. Code requirements for isolated structures only intend to prevent collapse, not damage. Isolated structures designed for minimum code compliance can have damage exceeding 70% of replacement costs.

Earthquake Protection Systems (EPS) provides engineered solutions for seismic resiliency. EPS seismic isolation experts support the project structural engineers to implement the resilient isolation solutions in their structure designs.

Dr. Zayas is the inventor of Friction Pendulum seismic isolation. The Structural Engineers Association of California awarded him their “Lifetime Achievement Award”. The University of California Berkeley elected Dr. Zayas to their Academy of Distinguished Alumni for Civil Engineering. His Ph.D. thesis work was elected to an ASCE Hall of Fame.

Page 19 of 47 10/02/2014 Earthquake Protection Systems’ Seismic Engineering Leads the Way to Achieve Continued Functionality of Hospitals in California

Code requirements for seismically isolated structures are intended to achieve the same protection against collapse as non-isolated structures; i.e. “Life-Safety”. Avoiding facility damage is not the intent of the building codes. The code seismic performance criteria is to limit the risk of collapse to less than 10% in the event of the maximum strength earthquake considered by the code. When seismic isolation bearings are designed only to comply with minimum building code requirements, the bearings themselves can fail (as observed in the 1999 EQ in Turkey and the 2011 EQ in Japan), adding significant risk of structure collapse. When structures experience ground shaking stronger than the code considered earthquake, which occurs every year somewhere in the world, the collapse risk for isolated structures is very high.

When implementing seismic isolation, the most important decision is the choice of performance criteria: code compliance or continued functionality? San Francisco General Hospital Mills Peninsula Sutter Health Medical Center

EPS seismic isolation specialists can design Friction Pendulum solutions that avoid structure damage, minimize non-structural damage, reduce content damage, and minimize the loss of facility use caused by the most severe earthquake ground shaking. The largest corporations and governments in the world have engaged EPS as seismic isolation engineering experts to design isolation solutions that protect their most important structures. Stanford University Hospital

EPS engineers establish the design criteria needed for the protection of the structures, non-structural components, and contents of a facility. They design the bearing system to achieve the specified reliability of continued functionality performance, and submit an Isolation System Design, Manufacture, and Testing Report signed and stamped by a California Structural Engineer. Our seismic engineering specialists support the project engineer, architect, and contractor to implement the Friction Pendulum isolation system.

Seismically isolated hospitals designed to minimum code risk loss of function and use after an earthquake.

Washington Hospital University of California Medical Building

All new Hospitals designed and built in the last 10 years in California have benefited from EPS engineered solutions with Triple Pendulum bearings to achieve Continued Functionality at the lowest total construction cost compared to other structural solutions.

Page 20 of 47 10/02/2014 October, 2014

Victor Zayas, Ph.D.

California Professional Engineer

President, Earthquake Protection Systems, California USA www.EarthquakeProtection.com Telephone: 707 644 5993

Dr. Victor Zayas is Founder and President of Earthquake Protection Systems (EPS). EPS engineers are recognized as the world's leading seismic resiliency experts. EPS developed the Friction Pendulum technology that protects the world’s most important seismically isolated structures in 24 countries.

EPS’s seismic solutions have been selected by the world’s largest corporations and governments, including: Apple, Samsung, Texas Instruments, ExxonMobil, Shell, the USA, Russian, and Chinese National governments, and the States of California, Washington, Oregon, and Alaska. EPS's seismic solutions are engineered specific for each application to minimize seismic damage and construction costs. Over $100 billion in constructed value of buildings, bridges, and industrial facilities, rely on EPS’s Friction Pendulum technology to minimize their earthquake disruption and economic losses.

Victor is the inventor of the Friction Pendulum, a sliding pendulum concept that minimizes seismic damage to structures. Victor is also the primary inventor of the Triple Pendulum, the first multi-stage seismic isolation system for protecting non-structural components and facility contents from seismic damage.

Under Victor’s management, EPS has become the worldwide leader in the seismic isolation of important buildings, bridges, and industrial facilities. EPS sales, assets, and numbers of employees have doubled every 5 years for the past 30 years, the strongest long term growth of any company in the Civil Engineering field.

Victor started his engineering education in 1966 studying mechanical engineering science, and began his career as a civil engineer in 1973 working as a job-site construction superintendent. Starting in 1975, Victor focused his engineering efforts on improving the seismic resiliency of structures.

Page 21 of 47 10/02/2014 celebrating the unsung heroes of the design and construction industry GoStructural.com | March 2014 VICTOR ZAYAS Steady innovation Page 10

A Texas-sized challenge Page 18

ALSO INSIDE Be bold and thrive 32 Plant modernization goes through the roof 42

Page 22 of 47 10/02/2014 cover story

Pasadena City Hall retrofit, in California, an example of domestic applications of Friction Pendulum seismic bearings.

Change is a highly volatile topic. It’s often met with initial hostility and many people prefer the stasis of how things are to the tumult that can Victor Zayas: Steady innovation come from how things can be. Some individuals, however, are willing to Zayas embodies the entrepreneurial spirit while also take on the resistance and attempt to change things for the better. helping to invent and shape how engineering can Victor Zayas is one of them. continue to improve. By Maureen Foody “Structural engineering is a very difficult field in order to bring improvements into practice,” says Zayas, founder of Earthquake Protection Systems. “The codes of today really represent the practices of 50 years ago. It takes 30 years for things to be included in the code as a possibility, and even another 20 until something

2 Structural Engineer March 2014 Page 23 of 47 10/02/2014 www.gostructural.com is adopted widely. We’ve got a 50-year cycle between concept and implementation. If you don’t have patience, it’s just impossible to perceive making a change.”

The idea for the change brought forth by Zayas and his pioneering friction pendulum bearing technology began long ago. After receiving a Bachelor of Science in Engineering from the City College of New York, Zayas began to work in the field. He already had years of experience tinkering with fixing his house as a young boy, then immersing himself in engineering at his specialty high school, which offered the traditional curriculum with a focus on the variety of engineering fields. His first post in the professional world had him building a firehouse in a tough area of the Bronx. Soon he was moving past site supervisor and began a variety of other tasks: designing special industrial structures, offshore platforms, and bridge inspections.

“If there was anything, I tried it,” Zayas says. And through this wide Earthquake Protection Systems’ Triple Pendulum Bearing. span of posts, Zayas soon found an area that drew his full attention. “It started when I was a bridge inspector, our main focus being What is a friction pendulum bearing? deterioration and maintenance, but then there was a new category According to Earthquake Protection Systems, friction pendulum of evaluating them seismically. This caught my interest, but when I bearings use the characteristics of a pendulum to lengthen started asking questions I was referred to the boss, Jerome Iffland, the natural period of the isolated structure so as to avoid the who basically told me, ‘Well we don’t really know too much about strongest earthquake forces. During an earthquake, the supported that stuff, if you want to learn more you should go to Berkeley and structure moves with small pendulum motions. Since earthquake study there’.” induced displacements occur primarily in the bearings, lateral loads and shaking movements transmitted to the structure are Learning about quakes greatly reduced. Zayas took that advice to heart, following this interest and enrolling at UC-Berkeley to further this exploration. “It’s a scary thing for most people to venture out. I didn’t realize it would be as much of a challenge or that it would take as long as it “That was the real beginning of the earthquake field,” says Zayas of did,” Zayas says. “I knew the technology and science of earthquake the time after the 1971 San Fernando Earthquake, when the seismic engineering but I didn’t know the business and how to take a engineering field began to pick up. “I wanted to learn how to build product into the field. I needed to shift from just thinking about that structures that would not be damaged during earthquakes. I soon technology to how to turn that idea into a business.” learned some of the best engineers in the world were designing structures that would collapse with minimal damage, but I knew there had to be a better way.” The startup phase This time of consideration and initial phase was very exciting, as With perseverance and a keen critical eye, Zayas soon had the full the reception to the idea was enthusiastic. EPS began bringing in idea for the friction pendulum bearings. He continued honing and close friends at the ground level as shareholders and employees, shaping the idea, achieving his PhD in 1976 from UC-Berkeley and developing the prototype. beginning another phase in his work by taking a seismic engineer position at Earl & Wright Consulting Engineers in San Francisco. “Demonstrating this product was really the hardest, as we spent three He continued to work, saving and planning for the day he would quit years proving the technology, developing how to make these seismic the security of his position at the firm and fully commit to branching bearings and what the best materials were for manufacturing them, out on his own. then testing every answer in the lab through computer simulations.

continued on page 15

www.gostructural.com Page 24 of 47 March 2014 10/02/2014 Structural Engineer 3 All project images refer to examples of domestic and international applications of Friction Pendulum seismic bearings. Above: Mills Peninsula Hospital, California; Below Left: Liquified natural gas tanks, Chile, after magnitude 8.8 quake. Below Right: Dumbarton Bridge, California.

6 Structural Engineer March 2014 Page 25 of 47 10/02/2014 www.gostructural.com An example of international applications of Friction Pendulum seismic bearings. Sahkalin Island offshore platform, Russia.

“It wasn’t clear to me all the stages you had to go through: content development, material development, development of implementation. Then, you needed endorsements and non-code demonstrations with consensus from all the people involved that your product was successful. Once you have that, you need to get a special group of people together and in the field of civil engineering that’s a huge challenge,” Zayas says. “All the parties: owner, developer, architect, engineer, contractor and the local building department, have to agree that they’re going to do something different, something that’s not in the code. Everyone can agree in theory it is better but many people are afraid to do it because it’s new.” continued from page 11 Establishing a name Zayas fought against these obstacles, using a keen sense of patience It was three years of intensive research and development but then we to continue building support and clients so that now the technology were finally ready to start out, which we did immediately.” pioneered by him is used in over 22 countries around the world. The question at the root of this advancement was: How can one best In fact, the company’s first client was the Dow Chemical Company, serve their client? which used their solution for an emergency firewater tank in a manufacturing facility. Zayas remembers the excitement of having a “The code establishes only the minimum legal requirements, so Fortune 500 company as their first client, but the challenges weren’t when you restrain yourself to what’s only minimally required by over. “We had to figure out how to make money in order to be able law are you really doing the best you can as an engineer when you’re to continue on. If we couldn’t make money, then we couldn’t deliver not seeking to give them a product that better serves their needs and that product to customers, no matter how successful the product services?” Zayas asks. itself was,” he says. Of course, this development doesn’t just help to protect human Persistence became a clear necessity as the years went on. lives but also helps the bottom line of most projects in the long run. “Thirty years ago it would have been impractical to build facilities

www.gostructural.com Page 26 of 47 March 2014 10/02/2014 Structural Engineer 7 An example of international applications of Friction Pendulum seismic bearings. Sabiha Gokcen International Airport, Turkey.

that would not be damaged but today, using these techniques, “We’re currently demonstrating a 100 percent solar heated building we’re building at a lower cost than the traditional techniques while and moving forward into development of building and construction creating structures that won’t be damaged. There’s no reason to not systems that work even better with the seismic isolation bearings. The do it, it’s simply inertia that is holding us back,” Zayas says. Apple headquarters is a prime example of this as they’re using pre- cast components, which for years were banned in California by the One of the projects EPS is currently handling is the construction of building code, except they are highly functional when used with the the new Apple headquarters in San Francisco. seismic bearings,” Zayas says. “The final market acceptance came not when we could show that we were just a better way to accommodate “That building is being designed to the highest seismic standards earthquakes without damage, but we could do that and the facilities ever done. The construction is working out faster and cheaper than wouldn’t cost more. They could actually cost less.” the traditional methods. It’s an exciting demonstration of seismic isolation as a success,” Zayas says. Sharing the knowledge Even now, Zayas continues to make strides toward new advancements EPS handles all types of projects including large buildings, bridges, – and not just in seismic engineering. industrial facilities, hospitals, and corporate headquarters. But a major part of what EPS does is also teach, spreading the idea and awareness of their inventions.

8 Structural Engineer March 2014 Page 27 of 47 10/02/2014 www.gostructural.com Victor Zayas with family in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Let to right: Jeff Zayas, UC Berkeley civil engineering senior; Daniel Zayas, UC Berkeley CE graduate, now project analyst with Rio 2016 Olympic Construction Team; Julie Zayas, wife, and Victor Zayas.

“You need to help all the engineers and everyone involved through the process of implementation. That’s a big part of what we do is to The couple has two sons: Daniel, who is currently working as a civil help the project engineers with the new concepts and answer all their engineer in Brazil helping to prepare for the Rio Olympics; and Jeff, concerns,” Zayas says. who is studying civil engineering at UC-Berkeley.

One can’t just have an idea, warns Zayas. You have to work through Zayas also loves appreciating the outdoors, be it tennis or skiing, that initial phase and endure the years to form a successful product or simply traveling to see the different parts of the world. “Travel that just may change the world. has been one of the most gratifying aspects of this business, but my favorite place to be is still the San Francisco area. I decided to settle Zayas has been married to Julie Robinson for several years. She and stay here as it was more accepted to jump out and start your own serves as the CFO for EPS. company. I’m thinking if the electrical engineers can branch out like that, why can’t the civil engineers do it too?” “Without her, EPS would not be the company that it is,” Zayas says, as Julie helps turn the everyday at the office into a seamless Maureen Foody is a freelance writer and editor who lives and works in Chicago. She can be operation. reached at [email protected].

www.gostructural.com Page 28 of 47 March 2014 10/02/2014 Structural Engineer 9 E P S Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc.

Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. (EPS) is the world’s leading seismic isolation bearing manufacturer. Our

Friction PendulumTM seismic isolation bearings protect the world’s most important seismically isolated buildings, bridges and industrial facilities, including over $20 billion USD worth of construction.

International Airport, San Francisco, California Trans-European Highway, Bolu, Turkey Offshore Platform, Sakhalin Island, Russia

Seismic isolation provides the most reliable protection for structures from earthquake damage. For over twenty

years, the Friction PendulumTM bearing has been the premier product in seismic isolation, providing the best seismic performance at the lowest installed cost. EPS’s

new Triple PendulumTM bearing provides even superior performance at a surprisingly lower installed cost.

Triple PendulumTM Bearing

Earthquake Protection Systems offers the highest engineering qualifications, superior products, the broadest implementation experience, and the most comprehensive manufacturing and testing. EPS has three principal structural engineers, each with more than 20 years full-time experience in the design and implementation of seismic isolation. Each principal engineer has designed and implemented seismic isolation in major critical applications. A principal engineer works with every customer to design the most cost-effective and best performing seismic isolation solution for his or her application.

Page 29 of 47 10/02/2014 Our Facility

EPS’s manufacturing plant is located on 12 acres in the San Francisco Bay area of California. With 130,000 sq. ft. of manufacturing space, EPS has complete in-house fabrication capability, enabling short lead times for bearing manufacture. We have manufactured the world’s largest seismic isolation bearings, and have a production capacity of over 3000 seismic bearings per year, in a wide range of sizes. Our bearing testing capabilities exceed those of any other facility. Real time earthquake simulation testing is typically performed for every bearing, providing realistic verification of the bearing design properties and capacities.

EPS Does Bearing Testing in Real Time, at Full Loads, and Total Displacement.

Page 30 of 47 10/02/2014 Key Personnel

Victor Zayas, Ph.D., P.E., President: Victor Zayas is the Chief Executive Officer responsible for business and operations management. He oversees product development, manufacturing, testing, and quality control. He developed the Friction

PendulumTM bearing technology and materials, manufacturing and testing methods.

Stanley Low, M.E., S.E., Vice President: Stanley Low is the principal engineer responsible for the detailed bearing designs, drawings, and specifications. He verifies that the manufactured bearings meet the project specific technical requirements and provides computer analyses that accurately predict the seismic response of structures.

Anoop Mokha, Ph.D., S.E., Vice President: Anoop Mokha is the principal engineer responsible for product applications. He is the primary contact for customer technical assistance with bearing design, procurement and installation. He has extensive experience in implementing seismic isolation on complex major projects.

Roy A. Imbsen, D. Engr., P.E., Bridge Seismic Specialist: Roy Imbsen is the principal engineer responsible for seismic isolation design for bridge applications. He has over 40 years experience as a bridge engineer and is a pioneer in the development and implementation of seismic design of bridges and related codes.

Julie Robinson, Ph.D., Chief Financial Officer: Julie Robinson is responsible for business accounting and financials, material procurement, business records and administration, and implementation of the ISO 9002 Quality Control Program.

Benjamin Estrada, Shop Supervisor: With over 45 years in product manufacturing, Ben Estrada is responsible for bearing manufacturing, assembly operations, and supervising shop personnel.

Gene Powers, Machining Supervisor: Mr. Powers is responsible for precision in-house machining operations, machining equipment, and machine shop personnel.

Lucille Tornaci, Office Manager. Ms. Tornaci is responsible for maintaining material certification and production quality control records, and for shipping and receiving of bearings and materials.

Page 31 of 47 10/02/2014 EPS was founded in 1985, dedicated to the design and manufacture of Friction PendulumTM seismic isolation bearings. Dr. Victor Zayas is the company founder and inventor of the Friction PendulumTM and

Triple PendulumTM bearings. In 2007, it’s first year of production, more than 1300 large capacity Triple

PendulumTM bearings were manufactured, exceeding the total combined production by all other manufacturers for similar capacity bearings. We respond to the worldwide demand for seismic isolation bearings with on time delivery at competitive prices. Contact EPS for help in protecting your facility from the disruption and downtime caused by earthquake damage.

Earthquake Protection Systems E 451 Azuar Drive, Building 759 P Mare Island, Vallejo, California 94592 S Tel: (707) 644-5993 Fax: (707) 644-5995 Email: eps@ earthquakeprotection.com www.earthquakeprotection.com

Page 32 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Friction PendulumTM Seismic Isolation

Seismic Isolation Bearings for the protection of buildings, bridges and industrial facilities

Friction PendulumTM bearings are seismic isolators that are installed between a structure and its foundation to protect the supported structure from earthquake ground shaking. Using Friction PendulumTM technology, it is cost-effective to build structures to elastically resist earthquake ground motions without structural damage.

Friction PendulumTM bearings use the characteristics of a pendulum to lengthen the natural period of the isolated structure so as to avoid the strongest earthquake forces. Triple PendulumTM Bearing During an earthquake, the supported structure moves with small pendulum motions. Since earthquake induced displacements occur primarily in the bearings, lateral loads transmitted to the structure are greatly reduced.

The Single Pendulum Bearing is the original Friction PendulumTM bearing. The single slider maintains the vertical load support at the center of the structural member. This offers construction cost advantages if one structural system is weaker, either above or below the bearing. The bearing also has a low height, which can be advantageous in some installations. Single Pendulum Bearing

The Triple PendulumTM bearing incorporates three pendulums in one bearing, each with properties selected to optimize the structure’s response for different earthquake strengths and frequencies.

The Tension Capable Bearing can accommodate structure vertical loads that vary from compression to tension during seismic movements. This bearing can substantially reduce structural framing costs by preventing uplift of a primary structural member, and can eliminate concerns regarding potential structure overturning or large vertical earthquake motions. Tension Capable Bearing

Page 33 of 47 10/02/2014 Triple PendulumTM Bearing

The Triple PendulumTM bearing offers better seismic performance, lower bearing costs, and lower construction costs as compared to conventional seismic isolation technology. The properties of each of the bearing’s three pendulums are chosen to become sequentially active at different earthquake strengths. As the ground motions become stronger, the bearing displacements increase. At greater displacements, Cross Section of Triple PendulumTM Bearing the effective pendulum length and the effective damping increase, resulting in lower seismic forces and bearing displacements.

The Triple PendulumTM bearing’s inner isolator consists of an inner slider that slides along two inner concave spherical surfaces. Properties of the inner pendulum are typically chosen to reduce the peak accelerations acting on the isolated structure and its contents, minimize the participation of higher structure modes, and reduce structure shear forces that occur during Concaves and Slider Assembly service level earthquakes.

The two slider concaves, sliding along the two main concave surfaces, comprise two more independent pendulum isolators. Properties of the second pendulum are typically chosen to minimize the structure shear forces that occur during the design basis earthquake. This reduces construction costs of the structure. Properties of the third pendulum are typically chosen to minimize bearing displacements that occur during the maximum credible earthquake. This reduces the size and cost of the bearings, and reduces the

Concaves and Slider Components displacements required for the structure’s seismic gaps.

Page 34 of 47 10/02/2014 Single Pendulum Bearing Single Pendulum Bearing Cross Section Maximum Credible Earthquake

Triple Pendulum Bearing Inner Pendulum Motion Lower Pendulum Motion Upper Pendulum Motion Center Position Service Level Earthquake Design Basis Earthquake Maximum Credible Earthquake

Comparison of Triple Pendulum and Single Pendulum Bearing Sizes and Responses to Earthquake Motion

Shear (W) Shear (W) 0.35 0.36 0.28 0.24

38 49 23 33 Displacement (in.) Displacement (in.)

Single Pendulum Force-Displacement Hysteretic Loop Triple Pendulum Force-Displacement Hysteretic Loop

The Single Pendulum bearing maintains constant friction, lateral stiffness, and dynamic period for all levels of earthquake motion and displacements. In the Triple PendulumTM bearing, the three pendulum mechanisms are sequentially activated as the earthquake motions become stronger. The small displacement, high frequency ground motions are absorbed by the low friction and short period inner pendulum. For the stronger Design Level Earthquakes, both the bearing friction and period increase, resulting in lower bearing displacements and lower structure base shears. For the strongest Maximum Credible Earthquakes, both the bearing friction and lateral stiffness increase, reducing the bearing displacement. When designed for a severe Maximum Credible Earthquake, the plan dimensions of the Triple PendulumTM bearing are approximately 60% that of the equivalent Single Pendulum bearing.

Page 35 of 47 10/02/2014 Principles of Friction PendulumTM Seismic Isolation

The period of the Friction PendulumTM bearing is selected simply by choosing the radius of curvature of the concave surface. It is independent of the mass of the supported structure. The damping is selected by choosing the friction coefficient. Torsion motions of the structure are minimized because the center of stiffness of the bearings automatically coincides with the center of mass of the supported structure. The bearing’s period, vertical load capacity, damping, displacement capacity, and tension capacity, can all be selected independently. For the Triple PendulumTM bearing, three effective radii and three friction coefficients are selected to optimize performance for different strengths and frequencies of earthquake shaking. This allows for maximum design flexibility to accommodate both moderate and extreme motions, including near-fault pulses.

Pendulum Motion

Concave, Slider & Housing for Single Pendulum Bearing Sliding Pendulum Motion

Single Pendulum Operation

20 million lbs. Vertical Load Capacity Concave & Slider

Triple PendulumTM Operation

E Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. Tel: (707) 644-5993 Fax: (707) 644-5995 P S 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 Email: [email protected] Mare Island, Vallejo, California 94592 Website: www.earthquakeprotection.com

Page 36 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Sabiha Gökçen International Airport Istanbul, Turkey

Fast-track project chooses Friction PendulumTM bearings for superior earthquake safety

The new Sabiha Gökçen International Airport

Terminal was constructed using Triple PendulumTM Bearings to withstand a major earthquake. It was designed by Arup to a level of safety that not only safeguards the major financial investment in the property, but will also minimize disruption to New International Terminal international transportation services following an earthquake.

The 200,000 m2 building uses 300 Triple

PendulumTM seismic isolation bearings installed on top on the concrete columns at the foundation level to dissipate energy from seismic ground motions. The seismically isolated building only International Terminal Under Construction has to withstand one-fifth of the acceleration that it would have had to without the bearings. EPS supplied the first bearings one month after signing the contract and completed supply of all 300 bearings within 4 months. The contractor, Limak- GMR JV, was able to complete the construction of this major new airport terminal in a record 18 months. Bearings Installed at Top of Columns

April 2010 Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. Tel: (707) 644-5993 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 Fax: (707) 644-5995 Mare Island E-mail: [email protected] Vallejo, CA 94592 Website: www.earthquakeprotection .com

Page 37 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Seismic Isolation of San Francisco Airport International Terminal

World’s largest seismically isolated building is protected by Friction PendulumTM bearings

San Francisco’s International Airport Terminal has dramatic architectural features, including: expansive interior spaces, 80 feet tall columns, 700 feet long roof trusses, and glass exterior walls. The building was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill to resist a magnitude 8 earthquake occurring on the San Andreas

fault. The 267 Friction PendulumTM bearings protect this landmark building from the severe ground shaking that occurs during major earthquakes. With over 22 million cubic feet of interior space, it is the largest isolated building in the world. This project won the 2001 Merit Award for Excellence from the American Institute of Steel Construction and the 2002 Excellence in Structural Engi- neering Award from the National Council of Structural Engineers for the Most Outstanding Project.

The Friction PendulumTM bearings provide a 3 sec. isolated period and reduce earthquake force demands on the building by 70%. Each bearing can displace up to 20 inches in any horizontal direction while supporting building and seismic loads of up to 6 million pounds. Seismic isolation provided the lowest construction cost for achieving the desired seismic performance. Moreover, the

use of Friction PendulumTM bearings as compared to rubber bearings, allowed for a further reduction in column and beam sizes, and saved an additional 680 tons of structural steel.

Sept. 2003 Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. Tel: (707) 644-5993 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 Fax: (707) 644-5995 Mare Island E-mail: [email protected] Vallejo, CA 94592 Website: www.earthquakeprotection.

Page 38 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Seismic Isolation of Hayward City Hall Hayward, California

Friction PendulumTM bearings protect City Hall from strong, near-fault earthquake motions

The Hayward City Hall is an essential government facility that is located close to a major fault. The building was designed to withstand a major earthquake on the Hayward Fault with no disruption to its operations. The seismic design incorporated 53

Friction PendulumTM bearings and 15 Taylor viscous dampers to mitigate the effects of the strong, near-fault earthquake ground motions.

The Friction PendulumTM bearings have a dynamic period of 3 seconds, a dynamic friction of 7.5%, a displacement capacity of 22.5 inches, and a vertical load capacity of 1,900,000 lbs. The isolation bearings were installed at the top of the basement columns. To accommodate the potential movement, a 24 inch ‘moat’ cover was incorporated in the site pavement and landscaping details.

The Hayward City Hall was the first fast-track, design/ build project to incorporate seismic isolation bearings.

The Friction PendulumTM bearings were designed, manufactured, tested, delivered and installed within 4 months of contract award. The project engineers, KPFF Consulting Engineers, San Francisco, received a 1999 Award of Merit from the National from the National Council of Structural Engineers for this innovative project.

U.S. Court of Appeals San Francisco, California

Friction PendulumTM seismic isolation saves $7.6 million and wins National Award

The U.S. Court of Appeals is a 350,000 sq. ft. building listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The building’s elaborate granite exterior, interiors of marble, decorative plaster and hardwoods make it the most ornate Federal building west of the Mississippi. With completion of the installation of 256 Friction

PendulumTM bearings in June 1994, it became the largest building in the world to have been retrofitted with seismic isolators. The seismic retrofit project received the 1994 Award for Engineering, Technology and Innovation from the General Services Administration, in recognition of excellence in innovative engineering technology.

According to the U.S. General Accounting Office, “the Friction

PendulumTM bearing’s novel technical approach, supported by test results and other analysis, was found by the Technical Evaluation Board to more effectively enhance the building’s

survivability in the event of an earthquake.” Friction PendulumTM bearing’s received 39 of the possible 40 points for technical merit, compared to 26 points for Lead-Rubber bearings.

According to Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM), the project’s

architects and engineers,“the selection of Friction PendulumTM bearings resulted in total construction cost savings of $7.6 million”, a 24% savings over elastomeric bearings. Moreover,

installation of the Friction PendulumTM bearings went four times faster than the estimated schedule because of their simplified installation and connection details. Because of the low height of the bearings, the existing basement was able to be preserved, saving 80,000 sq, ft. of usable space.

August 2005 Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. Tel: (707) 644-5993 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 Fax: (707) 644-5995 Mare Island E-mail: [email protected] Vallejo, CA 94592 Website: www.earthquakeprotection.com

Page 40 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Dumbarton and Antioch Toll Bridges San Francisco Bay

Seismic retrofit design of major toll bridges relies on Friction PendulumTM bearings

Caltrans and the Bay Area Toll Authority (BATA) evaluated the Dumbarton and Antioch Toll Bridges for seismic vulnerability and concluded that they required seismic retrofit work to make them safe during a major earthquake. Together these two bridges carry 70,000 vehicles a day and are important transportation links in the San Francisco Dumbarton Bridge Bay Area.

Friction PendulumTM Bearings are used to retrofit the elevated spans of the main channel crossing. Low profile, Single Pendulum Bearings were designed to best fit into the existing spaces and still allow 26 inches and 42 inches of displacement capacity for the Antioch and Dumbarton Bridges, respectively.

Antioch Bridge Prototype bearings were extensively tested at EPS to verify their properties and these properties were confirmed by independent testing at the University of California, San Diego SMRD test facility. Installation of the bearings on top of the bent caps of these steel girder bridges minimizes the required strengthening of the columns and eliminates any retrofitting of the foundations beneath the water level. Antioch Bridge Installed Bearing

May 2013 Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. Tel: (707) 644-5993 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 Fax: (707) 644-5995 Mare Island E-mail: [email protected] Vallejo, CA 94592 Website: www.earthquakeprotection .com

Page 41 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Seismic Isolation of Benicia-Martinez Bridge

Benicia, California

Critical Lifeline Bridge Uses World’s Largest Seismic Isolation Bearings

The Benicia-Martinez Bridge is one of three critical lifeline bridges in the San Francisco Bay Area. It carries 6 lanes of traffic averaging 100,000 vehicles a day, and is essential to post-earthquake emergency response

operations. Friction PendulumTM bearings achieved an elastic structure response for the design earthquake, which included very strong near-fault ground motions and deep soil site effects. This design earthquake, with spectral accelerations over 7g, was much stronger than could be accommodated using conventional elastic design

approaches. Moreover, using Friction PendulumTM bearings, as compared to rubber bearings, saved over 30 million dollars in construction costs.

The Benicia-Martinez Bridge is 6,156 feet long with 10 steel truss spans supported by concrete piers. It is one of the largest bridges to date to undertake a seismic

isolation retrofit. The Friction PendulumTM bearings were installed at the tops of the concrete piers, under the roadway trusses. They are the largest seismic isolation bearings ever manufactured, measuring 13 feet in diameter, and weighing 40,000 pounds. They have a lateral displacement capacity of 53 inches, a 5 million pound design dead plus live load, and a 5 second period. They were dynamically tested at the University of California, San Diego, at full loads and realistic seismic Owner: State of California, Department of Transportation velocities. Engineer: Imbsen & Associates, Sacramento, California

Page 42 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Seismic Isolation of American River Bridge

Folsom, California

Isolation Bearings Lower Construction Costs and Double Seismic Resistance Capacity

The New American River at Lake Natoma, Folsom,

California, uses Friction PendulumTM seismic isolation bearings to protect it from damaging earthquake motions. This 2,264 foot long bridge is one of the largest new bridges to use seismic isolation. Seismic isolation allows the bridge to elastically resist the safety level earthquake, with no structural damage.

The use of seismic isolation bearing saved $1 million in construction costs, compared to the non-isolated bridge design. The construction cost savings came from a reduction in the size of the drilled caissons. Seismic force demands for the non-isolated bridge design would have been more than twice the bridge’s elastic strength capacity. Consequently, a non-isolated bridge would have been expected to sustain structural damage during the safety level design earthquake event.

The bridge structure consists of two post-tensioned concrete box frames on piers supported by 8 foot diameter

drilled caissons. The 48 Friction PendulumTM bearings are located on top of the piers and abutments. The bearings have a 10 inch displacement capacity and support dead plus live loads of up to 4 million pounds. The bearings were installed pre-displaced so as to accommodate construction movements from post- Owner: City of Folsom, California tensioning and concrete shrinkage. Engineer: HDR, Sacramento Contractor: C. C. Myers

Page 43 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Trans-European Motorway Viaducts Bolu, Turkey

Friction PendulumTM Bearings protect four viaduct structures in active fault region

In 1999 the magnitude 7.2 Düzce Earthquake shook the western region of Turkey. Construction of the 2.3 km Trans-European Motorway (TEM) viaduct near Bolu was almost complete when the earthquake struck. A portion of the new TEM viaduct was close to the epicenter of the Düzce earthquake and suffered significant damage. As part of a viaduct repair/retrofit engineering study, the Turkish government commissioned engineer Yüksel-Rendel J.V. to undertake a world-wide Trans-European Motorway Viaduct, Bolu, Turkey industry survey of seismic isolation systems best able to satisfy the project’s high seismic design requirements. On the basis of this study, Friction PendulumTM bearings were determined to be the only seismic isolators able to satisfy all of the requirements, including strong near-field ground shaking, a fault crossing, large permanent fault rupture offsets, and compliance with the 1999 ASSHTO seismic isolation design guidelines.

The 536 Friction PendulumTM bearings were installed in all four major viaduct structures of the motorway in Turkey. The bearings have a design Viaduct Bearing Installation load of 2000 kips and a displacement capacity of +700 mm or +900 mm. Owner: Karayollari Genel Müdürlüğü (KGM), Turkey Design-Build Contractor: Astaldi S.p.A , Rome, Italy Engineer: Yüksel Proje Uluslararasi A.Ş., Turkey

July 2006 Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. Tel: (707) 644-5993 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 Fax: (707) 644-5995 Mare Island E-mail: [email protected] Vallejo, CA 94592 Website: www.earthquakeprotection.com

Page 44 of 47 10/02/2014 E P S

Teslin River Bridge Yukon Territory, Canada

Friction PendulumTM Bearings provide reliable protection under cold temperature conditions

The Teslin River Bridge is the second longest bridge on the Alaska Highway which runs for more than 1000 miles through Canada and Alaska. As part of the only direct land link between British Columbia and Alaska, the Teslin River Bridge is an extremely important link in the national highway system. The two lane, deck truss bridge did not meet current earthquake standards. The government of Canada and the Yukon Territory undertook a seismic retrofit and structural strengthening of the bridge to enable it to better withstand the effects of an earthquake.

Friction PendulumTM bearings were selected for this project over elastomeric bearings because they provide consistent properties and reliable performance under a wide range of temperatures, including extreme cold. The existing bridge bearings were removed and the 36 Friction PendulumTM bearings were installed on top of the concrete piers. Owner: Yukon Transportation Services Engineer: Yukon Infrastructure Transportation Engineering Contractor: Ketza Construction, Whitehorse, Yukon

April 2005 Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. Tel: (707) 644-5993 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 Fax: (707) 644-5995 Mare Island E-mail: [email protected] Vallejo, CA 94592 Website: www.earthquakeprotection .com

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Seismic Isolation of Kodiak-Near Island Bridge Kodiak Island, Alaska

Seismic Isolation Retrofit of Alaskan Bridge Saves Construction Costs

The Kodiak-Near Island Bridge was seismically

upgraded using Friction PendulumTM seismic isolation bearings. Replacing the existing bridge bearings with isolation bearings saved the cost and time otherwise required to strengthen the bridge piers and foundations. The isolation bearings enabled the existing bridge piers and foundations to elastically resist the AASHTO design requirements for the 0.45g earthquake spectra.

Friction PendulumTM bearings also saved construction costs, compared to rubber bearings, because they do not put eccentric gravity load moments into the

bridge girders. In addition, Friction PendulumTM bearings are best suited for the Alaskan environment because they maintain their design properties under extreme cold temperatures as low as -94°F.

The Kodiak-Near Island Bridge is a 4-span, continuous steel plate girder bridge with a concrete deck. The rocker bearings under the 3 piers were

replaced with 15 Friction PendulumTM bearings, 5 bearings per pier. The bearings are longitudinally guided with plates that resist lateral wind loads, but Owner & Engineer: Alaska Department of Transportation break-away during strong earthquakes. Contractor: Swalling Construction, Anchorage

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Chile LNG Storage Tanks Quintero, Chile

No interruption to service after Magnitude 8.8 earthquake

Two large liquefied natural gas (LNG) tanks located in Quintero, Chile, are seismically protected with Triple PendulumTM bearings. The tanks have a storage capacity of 84 million gallons of liquid gas and are supported on 520 bearings. The bearings and tanks were shaken by the magnitude 8.8 Chile earthquake that

Isolated Tanks After Magnitude 8.8 Earthquake occurred on February 27, 2010. The tank site experienced a 0.3g peak ground acceleration and 120 seconds of ground shaking. Neither the tanks nor the associated equipment were damaged by this earthquake. The bearings re- centered with no residual displacement after the earthquake. The rubber skirts that seal the bearings stretched to accommodate the Triple PendulumTM Bearings After Earthquake displacements without any damage. At the time of the earthquake, one tank was in operation and contained liquefied gas, and the second tank was in the final stages of construction.

The successful performance of these seismically isolated tanks shows that structures can be designed to remain functional following a very large earthquake. Tank Under Construction

June 2010 Earthquake Protection Systems, Inc. Tel: (707) 644-5993 451 Azuar Drive, Bldg. 759 Fax: (707) 644-5995 Mare Island E-mail: [email protected] Vallejo, CA 94592 Website: www.earthquakeprotection .com Page 47 of 47 10/02/2014