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Copyright © 2011 David Edward Prince All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. THE NECESSITY OF A CHRISTOCENTRIC KINGDOM-FOCUSED MODEL OF EXPOSITORY PREACHING A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by David Edward Prince December 2011 APPROVAL SHEET THE NECESSITY OF A CHRISTOCENTRIC KINGDOM-FOCUSED MODEL OF EXPOSITORY PREACHING David Edward Prince Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ Russell D. Moore (Chair) __________________________________________ Hershael W. York __________________________________________ Charles E. Lawless Date______________________________ To Judi, “A woman who fears the Lord is to be praised.” (Prov 31:30b) I praise you, my love. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE . viii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 Defining Expository Preaching . 2 The Kaiser Method . 3 Redemptive-Historical Preaching . 5 Thesis . 8 Methodology and Chapter Presentation . 10 2. BIBLICAL AND THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR A CHRISTOCENTRIC MODEL OF EXPOSITORY PREACHING . 14 Presuppositions and Definitions of Key Terms . 14 Hermeneutics . 17 Two Key Biblical Texts . 28 Genesis 3:15 . 30 Luke 24:25-27; 44-46 . 34 Canonical Sensus Plenior . 42 The Theological Center of Scripture . 47 3. DEVELOPING A CHRISTOCENTRIC, KINGDOM-FOCUSED MODEL OF EXPOSITORY PREACHING . 52 The Apostolic Model . 55 A Contemporary Model . 65 Scripture Saturation . 68 The Centrality of the Person and Work of Christ . 72 iv Chapter Page The Centrality of Eschatological Fulfillment in the Kingdom of Christ . 78 4. AN ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY MODELS OF CHRISTOCENTRIC EXPOSITORY PREACHING . 85 Introduction . 85 Edmund Clowney: Preaching and Biblical Theology . 88 Bryan Chappell: Christ-Centered Preaching . 94 Sidney Greidanus: Preaching Christ from the Old Testament . 102 Graeme Goldsworthy: Preaching the Whole Bible as Christian Scripture . 109 Summary Evaluation . 118 5. THE IMPORTANCE OF CHRISTOCENTRIC, KINGDOM-FOCUSED EXPOSITORY PREACHING FOR THE LOCAL CHURCH . 126 Introduction . 126 The Danger of Non-Christocentric Approaches . 129 A Displaced Gospel . 130 Moralistic Sermons . 133 Misapplied Sermons . 136 Abstract Sermons . 139 Individualistic Sermons . 140 Therapeutic Sermons . 143 The Benefit of Christocentric, Kingdom-Focused Expository Preaching . 144 The Necessity of Expository Sermons . 145 The Gospel is Always in View . 148 The Word and Kingdom Warfare . 149 Preaching as Kingdom Warfare . 156 The Centrality of the Gospel of the Kingdom . 162 v Chapter Page The Great Commission . 162 Eschatological Hope . 166 Kingdom Community . 169 Conclusion . 171 6. CONCLUSION . 173 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 189 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Bib Sac Bibliotheca Sacra JETS Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society NICNT New International Commentary on the New Testament SBJT Southern Baptist Journal of Theology WTJ Westminster Theological Journal vii PREFACE A dissertation is not an individual but a community project. I am aware that although my name is on this work, it would have never made it to completion without loving, supportive, sacrificial Christian community. Pastor Greg Belser taught me what faithful expository preaching was when I was an infant follower of Christ. His continued encouragement in my life and support in ministry have sustained me for two decades. I am not sure I would have received a Master of Divinity, much less a Ph.D., without the investment Darrell and Elaine Cook have made in my family over the years. I could never adequately express my appreciation for the sacrifices, gifts, and prayers the Cooks have provided on our behalf. Space does not allow me to name the ways in which every church Judi and I have attended and served has blessed us. Morningview Baptist Church, Green Valley Baptist Church, First Baptist Church Roanoke, First Baptist Church Midfield, Raleigh Avenue Baptist Church, and Ashland Avenue Baptist Church have all encouraged us and helped us get to this point. Ashland Avenue Baptist Church has shouldered the burden of their pastor’s completing a Ph.D. They prayed for me the entire way. The congregation graciously allowed me a month-long writing sabbatical in 2010. Roger Holland, chairman of deacons, has encouraged me more than he will ever know. I also want to thank my amazing co-pastors and staff: Jeremy Haskins, Nate BeVier, Casey McCall, Todd Martin, Michelle Manning, Ryan Finch, Steve Cummings, and Lula Mae Pryor. They have sacrificially allowed me the flexibility to finish this project. viii I also want to thank Cole and Joy Portis (and their neighbors too), who kindly allowed me to stay in their beautiful lake home to write. The view of the sunrise and sunset over Lake Martin regularly drove me to my knees in worship. Mary Jane Short consistently encouraged me throughout comprehensive exams and writing with delicious peanut butter and chocolate snacks. I am also grateful to Daniel Davis, who has given me his expertise on grammar and style issues throughout the entire writing process. Thom Rainer, Daniel Akin, and Hershael York all encouraged me to pursue a Ph.D. and instilled in me the confidence necessary to obtain it. I want to thank each of them. Chuck Lawless served as a teacher and mentor and was helpful to me throughout the entire process. I am honored that Dr. York and Dr. Lawless, men for whom I have immense love and respect, are two of my committee members. If a man has ever been blessed with loyal, faithful, inspiring friends, it is I. Russell Moore, Randy Stinson, and Jeremy Haskins are a band of brothers who have taught me, sacrificed for me, and confronted me when needed. I am a better father, pastor, and scholar because of their example and influence in my life. The keen insight and wisdom of these men has improved this dissertation and every aspect of my life. One of the joys of my life is to have known Russell Moore as my friend, boss, and Ph.D. supervisor. Few people inspire greater respect with greater familiarity, but Russell Moore is such a man. I regret that my late mother, Blanche Prince, did not live to see this accomplishment. She was excited when I entered the Ph.D. program and always encouraged me to press on. I have been spurred on many times by remembering that she now knows the kingdom of Christ far more deeply than any description in this work. I also want to thank my sister, Julie Burns, a godly wife and mother and a constant encouragement, as well as my dad, Julian Prince, who instilled in me a determination that has served me well my entire adult life. ix Perhaps nothing has spurred me to complete this dissertation more than my children. When I began the Ph.D. process, we had five children, and now we are blessed with eight. I want nothing more than for Luke, Will, Jonathan, Lydia Grace, Susannah Faith, Sarah Hope, Phoebe Joy, and AnnaBeth Mercy to live for Christ and his kingdom. Every time this work seemed abstract and distant to me, one of them would walk in my study, and I would remember why it was worth the effort. To say “thank you” to my precious wife, Judi, is woefully inadequate. Without her I would never have accomplished this or many other things in my life. She is quiet and strong, a helper fit for me, who teaches me about the kingdom of Christ daily as I watch her love and serve our family. She never seeks applause for the things she does, and there would be no way for me to give her appropriate recognition. The best I can say is that I love her, enjoy her, and cannot imagine life without her. Judi, “Many women have done excellently, but you surpass them all” (Prov 31:29). I offer this dissertation with the hope that it will have some influence in pointing preachers, those who hear them, and the whole world to Christ and his kingdom until the day when the church fully and finally can say, “The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he shall reign forever and ever” (Rev 11:15). David E. Prince Louisville, Kentucky December 2011 x CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION “Preach the Word!” That simple, forceful command from Paul to young Timothy, found in 2 Timothy 4:2, frames the act of preaching as one of obedience or disobedience. 1 Obedience to this command requires a correct understanding of what it means to preach the Word, but its definition has proven to be an elusive task even for conservative evangelical scholars committed to expository preaching. The lack of clarity is readily apparent in the diversity of definitions of expository preaching offered in standard evangelical texts.2 Graeme Goldsworthy has noted, “A cursory glance at the 1R. Albert Mohler, “A Theology of Preaching,” in Handbook of Contemporary Preaching , ed. Michael Duduit (Nashville: Broadman Press, 1992), 13. Mohler writes, “Preach the word! . That is where any theology of preaching must begin.” 2Consider the following definitions. Hershael W. York, Preaching with Bold Assurance: A Solid and Enduring Approach to Engaging Exposition (Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 2003), 33: “Expository preaching is any kind of preaching that shows people the meaning of a biblical text and leads them to apply it to their lives.” John R. W. Stott, Between Two Worlds (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982), 126: “To bring out of the text what is there and expose it to view.” Harold Bryson, Expository Preaching (Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 1995), 39: “Expository preaching is the art of preaching a series of sermons, either consecutive or selective, from a Bible book.” Sidney Greidanus, The Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text: Interpreting and Preaching Biblical Literature (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1988), 11: “To exposit the word.” Richard Mayhue, “Rediscovering Expository Preaching,” in Rediscovering Expository Preaching , ed.