Exploratory Engineering in AI
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A Framework for Web Science
Foundations and TrendsR in Web Science Vol. 1, No 1 (2006) 1–130 c 2006 T. Berners-Lee, W. Hall, J.A. Hendler, K. O’Hara, N. Shadbolt and D.J. Weitzner DOI: 10.1561/1800000001 A Framework for Web Science Tim Berners-Lee1, Wendy Hall2, James A. Hendler3, Kieron O’Hara4, Nigel Shadbolt4 and Daniel J. Weitzner5 1 Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton 3 Department of Computer Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 4 School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton 5 Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Abstract This text sets out a series of approaches to the analysis and synthesis of the World Wide Web, and other web-like information structures. A comprehensive set of research questions is outlined, together with a sub-disciplinary breakdown, emphasising the multi-faceted nature of the Web, and the multi-disciplinary nature of its study and develop- ment. These questions and approaches together set out an agenda for Web Science, the science of decentralised information systems. Web Science is required both as a way to understand the Web, and as a way to focus its development on key communicational and representational requirements. The text surveys central engineering issues, such as the development of the Semantic Web, Web services and P2P. Analytic approaches to discover the Web’s topology, or its graph-like structures, are examined. Finally, the Web as a technology is essentially socially embedded; therefore various issues and requirements for Web use and governance are also reviewed. -
The Transhumanist Reader Is an Important, Provocative Compendium Critically Exploring the History, Philosophy, and Ethics of Transhumanism
TH “We are in the process of upgrading the human species, so we might as well do it E Classical and Contemporary with deliberation and foresight. A good first step is this book, which collects the smartest thinking available concerning the inevitable conflicts, challenges and opportunities arising as we re-invent ourselves. It’s a core text for anyone making TRA Essays on the Science, the future.” —Kevin Kelly, Senior Maverick for Wired Technology, and Philosophy “Transhumanism has moved from a fringe concern to a mainstream academic movement with real intellectual credibility. This is a great taster of some of the best N of the Human Future emerging work. In the last 10 years, transhumanism has spread not as a religion but as a creative rational endeavor.” SHU —Julian Savulescu, Uehiro Chair in Practical Ethics, University of Oxford “The Transhumanist Reader is an important, provocative compendium critically exploring the history, philosophy, and ethics of transhumanism. The contributors anticipate crucial biopolitical, ecological and planetary implications of a radically technologically enhanced population.” M —Edward Keller, Director, Center for Transformative Media, Parsons The New School for Design A “This important book contains essays by many of the top thinkers in the field of transhumanism. It’s a must-read for anyone interested in the future of humankind.” N —Sonia Arrison, Best-selling author of 100 Plus: How The Coming Age of Longevity Will Change Everything IS The rapid pace of emerging technologies is playing an increasingly important role in T overcoming fundamental human limitations. The Transhumanist Reader presents the first authoritative and comprehensive survey of the origins and current state of transhumanist Re thinking regarding technology’s impact on the future of humanity. -
Breakthrough Technologies
21ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING DESIGN, ICED17 21-25 AUGUST 2017, THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES: PRINCIPLE FEASIBILITY DEBATES Hein, Andreas Makoto (1); Jankovic, Marija (1); Condat, Hélène (2) 1: CentraleSupélec, Université Paris Saclay, France; 2: Initiative for Interstellar Studies, United Kingdom Abstract Designing new technologies involves creating something that did not exist before. In particular, designing technologies with a low degree of maturity usually involves an assessment of its feasibility or infeasibility. Assessing the feasibility of a technology is of vital importance in many domains such as technology management and policy. Despite its importance, few publications actually deal with the fundamentals of technological feasibility such as feasibility proofs or proposing different feasibility categories. This paper addresses this gap by reviewing the existing literature on the feasibility of low- maturity technologies, proposes a framework for assessing feasibility issues, and reconstructs past and ongoing feasibility debates of four exemplary technologies. For the four technologies analysed, we conclude that sufficient expected performance is a key feasibility criteria to all cases, whereas physical effects and working principles were issues for more speculative technologies. For future work, we propose the further development of feasibility categories for different technologies of different degrees of maturity. Keywords: Systems Engineering (SE), Technology, Conceptual design, Early design phases, Uncertainty Contact: Andreas Makoto Hein CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay Laboratoire Génie Industriel France [email protected] Please cite this paper as: Surnames, Initials: Title of paper. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED17), Vol. 2: Design Processes | Design Organisation and Management, Vancouver, Canada, 21.-25.08.2017. -
Artificial General Intelligence and the Future of the Human Race Bryon Pavlacka
ARTIFICIAL GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE FUTURE OF THE HUMAN RACE Bryon Pavlacka Artificial Intelligence is all around us. It manages be used against humanity. Of course, such threats are not your investments, makes the subway run on time, imaginary future possibilities. Narrow AI is already used diagnoses medical conditions, searches the internet, solves by the militaries of first world countries for war purposes. enormous systems of equations, and beats human players Consider drones such as the Northrop Grumman X-47B, at chess and Jeopardy. However, this “narrow AI,” designed an Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle that is being tested for solving specific, narrow problems, is something by the US Navy (DefenseTech.org, 2011). That’s right, there distinctly different from Artificial General Intelligence, or is no pilot. Of course, the drone can be given orders, but “AGI”, true thinking machines with human-like general the exact way in which those orders are carried out will intelligence (Wang, Goertzel, & Franklin, 2008, p. v). While be left up to the drone’s Narrow AI system. Whether such AGI is not rigidly defined, it is often envisioned as being systems will ever be extended toward general intelligence self-aware and capable of complex thought, and has is currently unknown. However, the US military has shown BSJ been a staple of science fiction, appearing prominently in interest in producing and controlling generally intelligent popular films such as 2001: A Space Odyssey, Terminator, killing machines as well, as made evident by a paper called and I, Robot. In each of these films, the machines go “Governing Lethal Behavior” by Ronald C. -
Letters to the Editor
Articles Letters to the Editor Research Priorities for is a product of human intelligence; we puter scientists, innovators, entrepre - cannot predict what we might achieve neurs, statisti cians, journalists, engi - Robust and Beneficial when this intelligence is magnified by neers, authors, professors, teachers, stu - Artificial Intelligence: the tools AI may provide, but the eradi - dents, CEOs, economists, developers, An Open Letter cation of disease and poverty are not philosophers, artists, futurists, physi - unfathomable. Because of the great cists, filmmakers, health-care profes - rtificial intelligence (AI) research potential of AI, it is important to sionals, research analysts, and members Ahas explored a variety of problems research how to reap its benefits while of many other fields. The earliest signa - and approaches since its inception, but avoiding potential pitfalls. tories follow, reproduced in order and as for the last 20 years or so has been The progress in AI research makes it they signed. For the complete list, see focused on the problems surrounding timely to focus research not only on tinyurl.com/ailetter. - ed. the construction of intelligent agents making AI more capable, but also on Stuart Russell, Berkeley, Professor of Com - — systems that perceive and act in maximizing the societal benefit of AI. puter Science, director of the Center for some environment. In this context, Such considerations motivated the “intelligence” is related to statistical Intelligent Systems, and coauthor of the AAAI 2008–09 Presidential Panel on standard textbook Artificial Intelligence: a and economic notions of rationality — Long-Term AI Futures and other proj - Modern Approach colloquially, the ability to make good ects on AI impacts, and constitute a sig - Tom Dietterich, Oregon State, President of decisions, plans, or inferences. -
Hanover Middle School
Hanover Middle School Program of Studies Revised Spring 2018 Hanover Middle School Principal Daniel Birolini Assistant Principal Joel Barrett Assistant Principal Anna Hughes Special Education Administrator Bernard McNamara Superintendent Matthew A. Ferron Assistant Superintendent Debbie St. Ives Director of Student Services Keith Guyette Business Manager Dr. Thomas R. Raab School Committee Leah Miller, Chairperson Kim Mills-Booker, Vice Chairperson Elizabeth Corbo John Geary Ruth Lynch 1 Working Draft 2 Working Draft Mission Statement The mission of Hanover Middle School is to establish a safe learning environment that fosters respect, responsibility, perseverance, and support for all learners. General Expectations The Hanover Middle School Student: 1. Reads actively and critically 2. Writes effectively to construct and convey meaning 3. Listens attentively and speaks effectively 4. Applies concepts to interpret information, to solve problems, and to justify solutions 5. Respects and honors school policies Message From The Administration On behalf of the Administration, Faculty, and Staff of the Hanover Middle School, I am excited to share the Program of Studies for the 2018-2019 school year. The Middle School faculty is pleased to present a comprehensive program of studies that highlights the many different educational experiences offered to our students. We are confident that when our students leave Hanover Middle School, each one has been able to take advantage of a variety of opportunities that have allowed them to not only grow, but excel, in their academics. In addition, we offer a number of unique experiences that extend and enrich students beyond the classroom environment. After their years at Hanover Middle School, they are well prepared for high school and beyond. -
The Future of AI: Opportunities and Challenges
The Future of AI: Opportunities and Challenges Puerto Rico, January 2-5, 2015 ! Ajay Agrawal is the Peter Munk Professor of Entrepreneurship at the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management, Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge, MA, Founder of the Creative Destruction Lab, and Co-founder of The Next 36. His research is focused on the economics of science and innovation. He serves on the editorial boards of Management Science, the Journal of Urban Economics, and The Strategic Management Journal. & Anthony Aguirre has worked on a wide variety of topics in theoretical cosmology, ranging from intergalactic dust to galaxy formation to gravity physics to the large-scale structure of inflationary universes and the arrow of time. He also has strong interest in science outreach, and has appeared in numerous science documentaries. He is a co-founder of the Foundational Questions Institute and the Future of Life Institute. & Geoff Anders is the founder of Leverage Research, a research institute that studies psychology, cognitive enhancement, scientific methodology, and the impact of technology on society. He is also a member of the Effective Altruism movement, a movement dedicated to improving the world in the most effective ways. Like many of the members of the Effective Altruism movement, Geoff is deeply interested in the potential impact of new technologies, especially artificial intelligence. & Blaise Agüera y Arcas works on machine learning at Google. Previously a Distinguished Engineer at Microsoft, he has worked on augmented reality, mapping, wearable computing and natural user interfaces. He was the co-creator of Photosynth, software that assembles photos into 3D environments. -
Künstliche Intelligenz IMPRESSUM Swissfuture Nr
swissfuture Magazin für Zukunftsmonitoring 02/18 Künstliche Intelligenz IMPRESSUM swissfuture Nr. 02/18 Offizielles Organ der swissfuture Schweizerische Vereinigung für Zukunftsforschung, Organe officiel de la Société suisse pour la recherche prospective 45. Jahrgang Herausgeber swissfuture Schweizerische Vereinigung für Zukunftsforschung c/o Büro für Kongressorganisation GmbH Claudia Willi Vonmattstrasse 26 6003 Luzern T: +41 (0)41 240 63 33 M: +41 (0)79 399 45 99 [email protected] www.swissfuture.ch Präsidium Cla Semadeni Chefredaktion Francis Müller Autoren und Autorinnen Michael Gebendorfer, Siim Karus, Kevin Kohler, Daniel Stanislaus Martel, Remo Reginold, Jean-Marc Rickli, Roland Ringgenberg, Regula Stämpfli, Karlheinz Steinmüller Lektorat und Korrektorat Jens Ossadnik Übersetzungen (Englisch) James Rumball Bildredaktion und Layout Andrea Mettler (andreamettler.ch) Umschlagbild Oliver Hoffmann – stock.adobe.com Druck UD Medien AG, Luzern Erscheinungsweise 4x jährlich Einzelexemplar CHF 30.- Mitgliedschaft swissfuture (inkl. Magazin) Einzelpersonen CHF 100.– Studierende CHF 30.– Firmen CHF 280.– Zielsetzung der Zeitschrift Das Magazin behandelt die transdisziplinäre Zukunftsforschung, die Früherkennung und die prospektiven Sozialwissenschaften. Es macht deren neuen Erkenntnisse der Fachwelt, Entscheidungsträgern aus Politik, Verwaltung und Wirtschaft sowie einer interessierten Öffentlichkeit zugänglich. SAGW Unterstützt durch die Schweizerische Akademie der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften (SAGW), Bern. www.sagw.ch ISSN 1661-3082 -
2018-2019 Valley STEM + ME2 Academy-Coursework
2018-2019 Valley STEM + ME2 Academy-Coursework Mission: To prepare students with skills necessary to compete in the global economy while nurturing the characteristics of discovery, invention, application, and entrepreneurship. The curriculum in Valley STEM + ME2 Academy was chosen to guide students in the mission of the program. Data from the current job market, student interests, and college/career readiness guides curriculum choices. Valley STEM + ME2 incorporates STEM Principles as the foundation for the curriculum. Advanced Career/Clean Energy Technology will be taught throughout the program. Specific course sequencing is below. Freshmen Coursework 2018-2019 (descriptions below) ● FANUC/Motoman (RAMTEC Lab ) ○ Students may have opportunity to earn 12-points in Industry Credentials ● Clean Energy Technology 1 & 2 ○ Clean Energy Technology 1 & 2 Course Description ● Robotics 1 with Computer Programming ○ Utilizing Start Up Tech Curriculum that incorporates Entrepreneurship and App Development ● Exploratory Engineering ● 21st Century Communications ● English Language Arts 9, or English Language Arts 9 Honors ● Math ○ Course depends on 8th grade math credit; per Ohio Department of Education Graduation Requirements) ● World History or Honors World History ● Biology or Honors Biology ● PE and Health: Taken online semester 2, unless transcripted credit given at the middle school level per ODE Graduation Requirements (½ unit Health, ½ unit PE). Students have the option to take summer school prior to attending, or take the online coursework -
Utility Value of an Introductory Engineering Design Course: an Evaluation Among Course Participants
Paper ID #30527 Utility value of an introductory engineering design course: an evaluation among course participants. Dr. Lilianny Virguez, University of Florida Lilianny Virguez is a Lecturer at the Engineering Education Department at University of Florida. She holds a Masters’ degree in Management Systems Engineering and a Ph.D. in Engineering Education from Virginia Tech. She has work experience in telecommunications engineering and has taught undergraduate engineering courses such as engineering design at the first-year level and elements of electrical engi- neering. Her research interests include motivation to succeed in engineering with a focus on first-year students. Dr. Pamela L Dickrell, University of Florida Dr. Pamela Dickrell is the Associate Chair of Academics of the Department of Engineering Education, in the UF Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering. Her research focuses on effective teaching methods and hands-on learning opportunities for undergraduate student engagement and retention. Dr. Dickrell received her B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Florida, specializing in Tribology. Andrea Goncher, University of Florida Andrea Goncher is a Lecturer in Engineering Education at the University of Florida. She earned her PhD in Engineering Education from Virginia Tech and focuses on teaching and learning projects in human cen- tred design. Her research interests include text analytics, international higher education, and engineering design education. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Utility value of an introductory engineering design course: an evaluation among course participants. Abstract This paper describes an assessment of the implementation of an engineering design class by exploring how valuable students perceive the course in subsequent years in their college experience. -
Public Response to RFI on AI
White House Office of Science and Technology Policy Request for Information on the Future of Artificial Intelligence Public Responses September 1, 2016 Respondent 1 Chris Nicholson, Skymind Inc. This submission will address topics 1, 2, 4 and 10 in the OSTP’s RFI: • the legal and governance implications of AI • the use of AI for public good • the social and economic implications of AI • the role of “market-shaping” approaches Governance, anomaly detection and urban systems The fundamental task in the governance of urban systems is to keep them running; that is, to maintain the fluid movement of people, goods, vehicles and information throughout the system, without which it ceases to function. Breakdowns in the functioning of these systems and their constituent parts are therefore of great interest, whether it be their energy, transport, security or information infrastructures. Those breakdowns may result from deteriorations in the physical plant, sudden and unanticipated overloads, natural disasters or adversarial behavior. In many cases, municipal governments possess historical data about those breakdowns and the events that precede them, in the form of activity and sensor logs, video, and internal or public communications. Where they don’t possess such data already, it can be gathered. Such datasets are a tremendous help when applying learning algorithms to predict breakdowns and system failures. With enough lead time, those predictions make pre- emptive action possible, action that would cost cities much less than recovery efforts in the wake of a disaster. Our choice is between an ounce of prevention or a pound of cure. Even in cases where we don’t have data covering past breakdowns, algorithms exist to identify anomalies in the data we begin gathering now. -
Technological Enhancement and Criminal Responsibility1
THIS VERSION DOES NOT CONTAIN PAGE NUMBERS. PLEASE CONSULT THE PRINT OR ONLINE DATABASE VERSIONS FOR PROPER CITATION INFORMATION. ARTICLE HUMANS AND HUMANS+: TECHNOLOGICAL ENHANCEMENT AND CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY1 SUSAN W. BRENNER2 I. INTRODUCTION [G]radually, the truth dawned on me: that Man had not remained one species . .3 It has been approximately 30,000 years since our species—Homo sapiens sapiens—shared the earth with another member of the genus Homo.4 I note 1 It was only after I decided to use Humans+ as part of the title for this article that I discovered the very similar device used by the transhumanist organization, Humanity+. See Mission, HUMANITY PLUS, http://humanityplus.org/about/mission/ (last visited Feb. 25, 2013). 2 NCR Distinguished Professor of Law & Technology, University of Dayton School of Law, Dayton, Ohio, USA. Email: [email protected]. 3 H.G. WELLS, THE TIME MACHINE 59 (Frank D. McConnell ed. 1977). 4 See GRAHAM CONNAH, FORGOTTEN AFRICA: AN INTRODUCTION TO ITS ARCHAEOLOGY 7–16 (2004) (supporting emergence of genus Homo in Africa); CHRIS GOSDEN, PREHISTORY: A VERY SHORT INTRODUCTION xiv–xv, 39–42 (2003) (summarizing rise of Homo sapiens sapiens). “Taxonomy,” or “the study of classification,” involves the process of sorting plants and animals into categories, including species. STEPHEN JAY GOULD, EVER SINCE DARWIN: REFLECTIONS IN NATURAL HISTORY 231 (1977). The species Homo sapiens includes Homo sapiens sapiens (modern humans) as well as several “archaic” members of the species. See, e.g., William Howells, Getting Here: The Story of Human Evolution 122– 23 (Washington, DC: Compass Press 1993). See also R.A.