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Living Conditions and Challenges Faced by Auto Rickshaw Drivers - a Study in Tirur Municipality

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Living Conditions and Challenges Faced by Auto Rickshaw Drivers - a Study in Tirur Municipality LIVING CONDITIONS AND CHALLENGES FACED BY AUTO RICKSHAW DRIVERS - A STUDY IN TIRUR MUNICIPALITY A dissertation submitted to the University of Kerala in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts Degree Examination in Sociology Submitted by SARATH K. P Exam Code: 56013405 Candidate Code: 56017115011 Subject Code: SO245 LOYOLA COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES SREEKARIYAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM- 695017, KERALA UNIVERSITY OF KERALA 2017-2019 CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL This is to certify that this dissertation entitled “Living Conditions and Challenges faced by Auto Rickshaw Drivers - A Study in Tirur Municipality” is a record of genuine work done by Mr. Sarath K P, fourth semester, Master of Social Work student of this college under my supervision and guidance and that it is hereby approved for submission. 24/09/2019 Thiruvananthapuram Dr. Smitha Pillai Research Guide Department of Sociology Loyola College of Social Sciences Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram-17 Recommended for forwarding to the University of Kerala, Dr. Nisha Jolly Nelson Head, Department of Sociology Loyola College of Social Sciences Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram-17 Forwarded to the University of Kerala, Dr. Saji. P. Jacob Principal Loyola College of Social Sciences Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram-17 DECLARATION I, SARATH K. P do here by declare that the Dissertation Titled “LIVING CONDITIONS AND CHALLENGES FACED BY AUTO RICKSHAW DRIVERS - A STUDY IN TIRUR MUNICIPALITY” is based on the original work carried out by me and submitted to the University of Kerala during the year 2017-2019 towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in Sociology Degree Examination. It has not been submitted for the award of any degree, diploma, fellowship or other similar title of recognition before. Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram Mr. Sarath K. P 24/09/2019 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Fore mostly I extend profound thanks to Almighty God who has blessed me the opportunities and intellectual ability to complete my research successfully. I was lucky to have Dr. Smitha Pillai, faculty of the Sociology Department, Loyola College of Social Sciences as my guide. She was the leading spirit in my endeavor; she had motivated me in my times of my confusion, stood for me, with me. At this juncture I extend my heartfelt respect and gratitude for all the pain that she had taken for the completion of my study. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to Dr. Saji. P. Jacob, Principal Loyola College of Social Sciences and Dr. Nisha Jolly Nelson, Head of the Sociology Department, Dr. Lakshmi Chandran and Prasad R faculty Members Department of Sociology for their help on various occasions during the course of this work. I express my sincere thanks to Dr. Sunil Kumar, Librarian and Mr. George Mathew assistant librarian, Loyola College of Social Sciences for providing necessary reference materials, and their kind support for the successful completion of my work so far. I express my sincere gratitude to all the respondents who have participated in the process of my data collection. It would not have been possible for me to successfully complete this work without the constant encouragement and support of my beloved family. I could never conclude this without mentioning my dearest friends whose whole hearted support made me to present this before you. SARATH K. P CONTENTS Sl. No Chapters Page Number 1 Introduction 1 – 10 2 Review of literature 11 – 25 3 Research Methodology 26 – 31 4 Data Analysis and Interpretations 32 – 50 5 Findings, Suggestions and Conclusion 51 – 56 6 Bibliography and Appendix 57 - 61 LIST OF TABLES Sl. No Title of Table Page Number 1 33 EFFECT DUE TO THE INCREASE OF PRIVATE VEHICLE 2 INCREASE OF PRIVATE VEHICLES 34 3 EFFECT OF INCREASED PETROL PRICE 35 4 EFFECT OF FUEL PRICE IN INCOME 36 37 INCREASE IN PETROL PRICE AND ITS 5 EFFECT IN AUTO CHARGE 6 38 EFFECT DUE TO THE INCREASE OF ONLINE TAXI 7 39 EFFECT IN INCOME DUE TO THE HIKE IN THE VEHICLE TAX 8 EFFECT OF VEHICLE TAX 40 9 HEALTH PROBLEMS 41 10 TYPES OF HEALTH ISSUES 42 11 EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION 43 12 STATUS OF OCCUPATION 44 13 EXPERIENCE IN OCCUPATION 45 14 RENT GIVEN TO THE OWNERS 46 15 47 SATISFACTION WITH INCOME 16 LEISURE TIME WITH FAMILY 48 17 WELFARE MEASURES FROM GOVERNMENT 49 18 STATUS OF TREATMENT 50 ABSTRACT It is very much right that auto rickshaw service renders a connecting task from door to destination, whereas other public transport connects people from destination to destination. The auto rickshaw is a common form of urban transport, both as a vehicle for hire and for private use, in many countries around the world, especially those with tropical or subtropical climates, including many developing countries. This study covers Tirur Municipality as a representative town of Malappuram district. This research is focusing rightly towards those aspects of failures regarding income stability, the socio economic living conditions. The researcher studied the instability of income and its challenges of auto drivers in Tirur municipality. The study is relevant since auto rickshaw drivers, a considerable group of population in our society facing many challenges in the newly evolving socio economic situations. There is a high need of addressing the issues and challenges faced by these drivers in order effectively frame welfare policies and schemes for their betterment. It is the responsibility of the government to provide facilities for auto rickshaw drivers. The nature of the study is descriptive and diagnostic attempt to provide a clear picture of the problem faced by the respondents. Both explorative and explanatory designs are used in this study. Structured questionnaire was prepared on the basis of the pilot study conducted. Questionnaire include the socio economic background of the auto drivers, the challenges faced due to increase of private vehicles, effect of the increase of fuel price on their income, effect of increase in tax and insurance on the auto drivers and the major health issues of auto drivers. The study found that the increase of the private vehicles really affected the earnings of the auto drivers. Most of the regular customers have shifted to use their own private vehicles for the travel. It reduced the trips which was regular to them. 68% of the people opined that there is an adverse effect in the income due to the increase of online taxi services. The study revealed that the work environment and the nature of job contribute significantly in the causation of diseases. KEY WORDS – Living conditions, challenges, auto rickshaw, auto rickshaw drivers CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The history of human civilization is closely interlinked with the development and advancement in the field of transportation. Transportation accounts for as much as 20 per cent of the Gross National Product in the advanced countries. Road and Road transportation are essential infrastructure for the growth and development of economy of a nation. The United States Department of Transportation in its 1972 National Transport Report stated that ―The national transport system is a major component in the national economy; and an important factor in shaping the life style of the people, community development and industrial location pattern.‖ Road Transport has vital role to play in the development and opening up of backward and interior or remote areas of the country. India being a Developing economy, road transport deserves a high priority as it forms the Backbone of both the passenger transport and the freight movement. The Private sector operates 60 per cent of the passenger services. The urban Transport systems are predominantly operated by the private agencies under Self- employment programmes. Predominately among them includes the taxis and auto- rickshaws. Transport is the de-facto barometer of economic, social and commercial progress which transforms the entire world into one organized unit. It carries Ideas and inventions to the peoples of different countries; and has considerably contributed to the evolution of human civilization. A growing economy needs a speedy, efficient and cheap system of transport. In a country like India as in the case of any other developing country, the first pre-requisite of economic development is the development of transport facilities. Road transport particularly motor transport by joining different parts of the country carries the fruits of development of different parts, resulting in an increased demand for the goods. This finally stimulates industry and agriculture, widens the scope for trade and commerce and other essential activities, and gives a real push to the 1 developmental process. Thus, encouragement of transport by the growth of industry and agriculture, by fostering a balanced regional growth of industry and agriculture, and by raising the overall level of consumption finally brings about a rise in the living standards of the people. A well-knit transport system is a sine-quo-non for all-round and sound development of economy. It contributes different components and different sectors of the economy, and affects all parts of development such as accessibility, flexibility and reliability. The economic, social and political progress of a country depends on the pace progress of transport system. Full benefits of developments in any field; be it agriculture, cultural activities, education, health, social welfare and industry can trickle down to the common man only if the efficient transport system is available. Thus, transportation is the life-blood of civilization and constitutes an important item of infrastructure for economic growth. The benefits of economic development contrary to the expectations have failed to trickle down to the lower level income group of persons in the society. The gap between the haves and the have-nots is continuously widening. It may be due to failure of the implementation or due to selection of wrong priorities in the developmental effort. This tendency of widening gap between rich and poor should not be allowed to grow any more as it is socially and politically dangerous.
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