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Library of Recommended Actinide Decay Data, 2011 Library of Recommended Actinide Decay Data, 2011 Actinide Decay Data, Library of Recommended Library of Recommended Actinide Decay Data, 2011 High quality decay data are an essential input across a wide range of nuclear applications, and none more so than in the case of the actinides and their related decay chain data. Well defi ned nuclear data are essential to ensure safe procedures within mining operations, various nuclear fuel cycles for energy generation, environmental monitoring, specifi c analytical techniques, and diagnostic and radiotherapeutic treatments in nuclear medicine. A major objective of the IAEA nuclear data programme is to promote improvements in the accuracy and quality of nuclear data used in science and technology. The contents of this report constitute the results of a coordinated research project established to assemble an updated decay data library for actinides. Recommended half-lives and decay scheme data have been comprehensively evaluated, and are tabulated in terms of a carefully selected set of actinide radionuclides. Technical Editors M.A. Kellett, A.L. Nichols INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA ISBN 978 –92–0–143910–9 1 LIBRARY OF RECOMMENDED ACTINIDE DECAY DATA, 2011 The following States are Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency: AFGHANISTAN GUATEMALA PANAMA ALBANIA HAITI PAPUA NEW GUINEA ALGERIA HOLY SEE PARAGUAY ANGOLA HONDURAS PERU ARGENTINA HUNGARY PHILIPPINES ARMENIA ICELAND POLAND AUSTRALIA INDIA PORTUGAL AUSTRIA INDONESIA QATAR AZERBAIJAN IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF BAHRAIN IRAQ REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA BANGLADESH IRELAND ROMANIA BELARUS ISRAEL RUSSIAN FEDERATION BELGIUM ITALY RWANDA BELIZE JAMAICA SAN MARINO BENIN JAPAN SAUDI ARABIA BOLIVIA JORDAN SENEGAL BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA KAZAKHSTAN SERBIA BOTSWANA KENYA SEYCHELLES BRAZIL KOREA, REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE BULGARIA KUWAIT SINGAPORE BURKINA FASO KYRGYZSTAN SLOVAKIA BURUNDI LAO PEOPLE’s DEMOCRATIC SLOVENIA CAMBODIA REPUBLIC CAMEROON LATVIA SOUTH AFRICA CANADA LEBANON SPAIN CENTRAL AFRICAN LESOTHO SRI LANKA REPUBLIC LIBERIA SUDAN CHAD LIBYA SWAZILAND CHILE LIECHTENSTEIN SWEDEN CHINA LITHUANIA SWITZERLAND COLOMBIA LUXEMBOURG SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC CONGO MADAGASCAR TAJIKISTAN COSTA RICA MALAWI THAILAND CÔTE D’IVOIRE MALAYSIA THE FORMER YUGOSLAV CROATIA MALI REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA CUBA MALTA TOGO CYPRUS MARSHALL ISLANDS CZECH REPUBLIC MAURITANIA TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC MAURITIUS TUNISIA OF THE CONGO MEXICO TURKEY DENMARK MONACO UGANDA DOMINICA MONGOLIA UKRAINE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC MONTENEGRO UNITED ARAB EMIRATES ECUADOR MOROCCO UNITED KINGDOM OF EGYPT MOZAMBIQUE GREAT BRITAIN AND EL SALVADOR MYANMAR NORTHERN IRELAND ERITREA NAMIBIA UNITED REPUBLIC ESTONIA NEPAL OF TANZANIA ETHIOPIA NETHERLANDS UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FIJI NEW ZEALAND URUGUAY FINLAND NICARAGUA FRANCE NIGER UZBEKISTAN GABON NIGERIA VENEZUELA GEORGIA NORWAY VIET NAM GERMANY OMAN YEMEN GHANA PAKISTAN ZAMBIA GREECE PALAU ZIMBABWE The Agency’s Statute was approved on 23 October 1956 by the Conference on the Statute of the IAEA held at United Nations Headquarters, New York; it entered into force on 29 July 1957. The Headquarters of the Agency are situated in Vienna. Its principal objective is “to accelerate and enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace, health and prosperity throughout the world’’. LIBRARY OF RECOMMENDED ACTINIDE DECAY DATA, 2011 Technical Editors M.A. KELLETT, A.L. NICHOLS International atomic ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA, 2013 COPYRIGHT NOTICE All IAEA scientific and technical publications are protected by the terms of the Universal Copyright Convention as adopted in 1952 (Berne) and as revised in 1972 (Paris). The copyright has since been extended by the World Intellectual Property Organization (Geneva) to include electronic and virtual intellectual property. Permission to use whole or parts of texts contained in IAEA publications in printed or electronic form must be obtained and is usually subject to royalty agreements. Proposals for non-commercial reproductions and translations are welcomed and considered on a case-by-case basis. Enquiries should be addressed to the IAEA Publishing Section at: Marketing and Sales Unit, Publishing Section International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna International Centre PO Box 100 1400 Vienna, Austria fax: +43 1 2600 29302 tel.: +43 1 2600 22417 email: [email protected] http://www.iaea.org/books © IAEA, 2013 Printed by the IAEA in Austria December 2013 STI/PUB/1618 IAEA Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Library of recommended actinide decay data, 2011. — Vienna : International Atomic Energy Agency, 2013. p. ; 30 cm. STI/PUB/1618 ISBN 978–92–0–143910–9 Includes bibliographical references. 1. Actinide elements — Decay. 2. Radioactive decay — Measurement. 3. Radioactive decay — Tables. I. International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEAL 13–00844 FOREWORD A major objective of the nuclear data programme within the IAEA is to devise and promote improvements in the quality of nuclear data used in science and technology. Work of this nature was performed by participants in an IAEA coordinated research project (CRP) formulated in 2005 to produce an updated decay data library of important actinides recommended for adoption in various nuclear applications. The specific objectives of this project were to improve the accuracy of heavy element and actinide decay data in order to: determine more accurately the effects of these recommended data on fission reactor fuel cycles; aid in improved assessments of nuclear waste management procedures; provide more reliable decay data for nuclear safeguards; assess with greater confidence the environmental impact of specific actinides and other heavy element radionuclides generated through their decay chains; and extend the scientific knowledge of actinide decay characteristics for nuclear physics research and non-energy applications. Some CRP participants were able to perform a number of highly precise measurements, based on the availability of suitable source materials, and systematic in depth evaluations of the requested decay data. These requested data consisted primarily of half-lives, and α, β–, EC/β+, Auger electron, conversion electron, X ray and γ ray energies and emission probabilities, all with uncertainties expressed at the 1σ confidence level. The IAEA established a CRP entitled Updated Decay Data Library for Actinides in mid-2005. During the course of discussions at the coordinated research meetings, the participants agreed to undertake work programmes of measurements and evaluations, to be completed by the end of 2010. The results of the evaluation studies undertaken by the CRP are presented in Annex I. Annexes II–V include descriptions of the sources of the evaluated decay data and each individual evaluation process in detail, as well as data files in the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF) format and in the Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF) format. The IAEA is grateful to members of the Decay Data Evaluation Project and laboratories affiliated with the International Committee for Radionuclide Metrology for their assistance and support in the work. Particular appreciation is extended to V. Chisté and C. Dulieu from the Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel, France, for their assistance in the preparation of Annexes I and II. The IAEA officer responsible for this publication was M.A. Kellett of the Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following co-workers and members of the wider community played important roles in ensuring that the agreed decay data evaluations were undertaken and reviewed: A. Arinc and T.D. MacMahon, National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom; E. Browne, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States of America; V. Chisté and C. Dulieu, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel/Commissariat à l’énergie atomique, France; R.G. Helmer†, Idaho National Laboratory, United States of America; T. Kibédi, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; B. Singh, McMaster University, Canada; J.K. Tuli, Brookhaven National Laboratory, United States of America; and Wang Baosong, China Nuclear Data Center, China Institute of Atomic Energy, China. † Deceased. EDITORIAL NOTE Although great care has been taken to maintain the accuracy of information contained in this publication, neither the IAEA nor its Member States assume any responsibility for consequences which may arise from its use. The use of particular designations of countries or territories does not imply any judgement by the publisher, the IAEA, as to the legal status of such countries or territories, of their authorities and institutions or of the delimitation of their boundaries. The mention of names of specific companies or products (whether or not indicated as registered) does not imply any intention to infringe proprietary rights, nor should it be construed as an endorsement or recommendation on the part of the IAEA. The IAEA has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third party Internet web sites referred to in this book and does not guarantee that any content on such web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. The annexes have been prepared from the original material as submitted for publication and have not been edited by the editorial staff of the IAEA. CONTENTS 1. 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................. 1 1.1. Background ................................................................... 1 1.2. Objectives ...................................................................
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