COVID-19, Maternal and Child Health, Nutrition – Literature Repository April 2020

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COVID-19, Maternal and Child Health, Nutrition – Literature Repository April 2020 COVID-19, Maternal and Child Health, Nutrition – Literature Repository April 2020 Key Terms Date Title Journal / Type of Summary & Key Points Specific Observations Full Citation Published Source Publication This represents the final version as of 30 April, 2021. COVID-19; 30-Apr-20 Challenges to Global Commentary The authors describe the overall situation of the COVID-19 pandemic in This article highlights Iwamoto A, Tung R, Ota T, et Cambodia; neonatal care in Health and Cambodia as of April 2020, as well as implications for neonatal care. They the overall situation in al. Challenges to neonatal family; Cambodia amid the Medicine outline infection and prevention measures taken in the neonatal care center Cambodia as relates to care in Cambodia amid the neonatal care; COVID-19 pandemic located in the national hospital for obstetrics, gynecology, and neonatology. the COVID-19 COVID-19 pandemic. Glob task sharing; The measures include disinfection, social distancing, symptom screening, pandemic and Health Med. 2020;2(2):142- workforce and hygiene practices. Family caregivers were engaging in task sharing in the preventative measures 144. neonatal care center prior to the pandemic due to staff shortages, which taken by one hospital doi:10.35772/ghm.2020.0103 presents challenges for infection control during the COVID-19 pandemic. The with obstetrics, 0 authors call for increased screening measures in the facility along with gynecology, and strengthening the professional healthcare workforce so task sharing with neonatology units. To family members is no longer needed. prevent future infections in the neonatal care unit, the authors call for increased screening measures and strengthening the professional healthcare workforce so task sharing with family members is no longer needed. Health inequity, 30-Apr-20 Zooming Toward a Obesity Perspective Health inequities exist throughout the life course, resulting in racial/ethnic The COVID-19 Woo Baidal JA, Chang J, Hulse obesity, Telehealth Solution and socioeconomic disparities in obesity and obesity‐related health pandemic has E, Turetsky R, Parkinson K, telehealth, USA for Vulnerable complications. Obesity and its co-morbidities appear to be linked to COVID- highlighted the long- Rausch JC. Zooming Toward a Children With 19 mortality. Approaches to reduce obesity in the time of COVID‐19 are standing structural Telehealth Solution for Obesity During urgently needed and should start early in life. In New York City, a telehealth inequities that have Vulnerable Children with Coronavirus Disease pediatric weight‐management collaborative between three prominent perpetuated inter- Obesity During Coronavirus 2019 health systems was developed during COVID‐19 with show rates from 76%- generational health Disease 2019. [published 89%. To avoid the impending exacerbation of health disparities related to disparities, including online, 2020 April 30]. obesity risk factors in the aftermath of the pandemic, effective remote obesity. Telehealth Obesity (Silver Spring). interventions are urgently needed among vulnerable children with obesity. has the potential to doi:10.1002/oby.22860 Challenges such as digital technology access, social and linguistic differences, play a crucial role in privacy security, and reimbursement must be overcome to realize the full the effort to address potential of telehealth for pediatric weight management among low‐income childhood obesity in and racial/ethnic‐minority children. vulnerable populations. Corticosteroid 30-Apr-20 Antenatal Acta Letter to Editor The usefulness and safety of corticosteroids as an adjuvant therapy for The use of Sichitiu J, Fakhouri F, therapy, Corticosteroid Obstetricia COVID‐19 pneumonia remains controversial. Corticosteroids may diminish corticosteroids to Desseauve D. Antenatal pregnancy, Therapy and et Gynecolo- the inflammatory response, a major factor for lung damage and acute promote fetal lung corticosteroid therapy and fetal lung COVID-19: gica respiratory distress syndrome in viral respiratory tract infection. Some maturation is COVID-19: pathophysiological maturation Pathophysiological Scandinavica patients with COVID‐19 exhibit biphasic disease evolution with a mild complicated by the considerations [published Considerations presentation followed by a secondary respiratory deterioration due to a potentially adverse online, 2020 Apr 30]. Acta cytokine storm, despite decreasing viral load. Therefore, early effects of Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020. administration of corticosteroid therapy might be particularly consequential. corticosteroid therapy doi:10.1111/aogs.13887 1 COVID-19, Maternal and Child Health, Nutrition – Literature Repository April 2020 Key Terms Date Title Journal / Type of Summary & Key Points Specific Observations Full Citation Published Source Publication However, previous studies on corticosteroid therapy in SARS-CoV and MERS- on pregnant women CoV illustrated delayed viral clearance, with no survival benefit and perhaps with COVID-19. even adverse outcomes. In particular, potentiation of angiotensin II, which plays a key role in SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology, by corticosteroids might have a detrimental effect. These considerations should be weighed when recommending corticosteroid administration for fetal lung maturation when preterm delivery is anticipated in pregnant women. Children, 30-Apr-20 The Imperative of Indian Correspondence There are limited data on risk factors for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in Authors argue for the Elenga N. The Imperative of treatment, Early Treatment for Pediatrics children, and the long-term effects on the lungs of COVID-19 in children early treatment of Early Treatment for Children hydroxy- Children With remain unknown, even for those with moderate symptoms. Authors of this children with with COVID-19 Infection chloroquine, COVID-19 Infection correspondence argue that pediatricians should consider employing moderate to severe [published online ahead of azithromycin available COVID-19 treatments (e.g. hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin), respiratory symptoms, print, 2020 Apr 30]. Indian which are already widely used for other indications in children. Side effects using available drugs Pediatr. can be effectively monitored in a hospital environment. that have been 2020;S097475591600169. proposed to treat COVID-19. Pregnancy, 30-Apr-20 Coronavirus Disease The Journal Short Report This report summarizes currently available evidence on maternal, fetal, and The clinical Yang Z, Wang M, Zhu Z, Liu Y. cesarean 2019 (COVID-19) of Maternal- neonatal outcomes of pregnant women infected with COVID-19, published characteristics of Coronavirus disease 2019 delivery, and Pregnancy: A Fetal & between January 1 and March 26, 2020. In total, 18 studies, describing 114 pregnant women with (COVID-19) and pregnancy: a neonatal Systematic Review Neonatal pregnant women, were included in the review. Fever (87.5%) and cough COVID-19 are similar systematic review [published outcomes, Medicine (53.8%) were the most commonly reported symptoms, followed by fatigue to those of non- online, 2020 Apr 30]. J preterm birth, (22.5%), diarrhea (8.8%), dyspnea (11.3%), sore throat (7.5%), and myalgia pregnant adults. Fetal Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. fetal distress, (16.3%). The majority of patients (91%) had cesarean delivery due to various and neonatal 2020;1‐4. vertical indications. In terms of fetal and neonatal outcomes, stillbirth (1.2%), outcomes appear doi:10.1080/14767058.2020. transmission neonatal death (1.2%), preterm birth (21.3%), low birth weight (<2500 g, favorable in most 1759541 5.3%), fetal distress (10.7%), and neonatal asphyxia (1.2%) were reported. Of cases, but available 84 live births with available data, there are reports of RT-PCR positive data only include neonatal throat swabs (n=2), elevated neonatal blood IgG but normal IgM pregnant women (n=3), and elevated neonatal blood IgG and IgM (n=2). No direct evidence of infected in their third intrauterine vertical transmission has been found. trimesters. Pregnancy, 30-Apr-20 Second-Trimester JAMA Research Letter This case report describes a 28-year-old, primigravida pregnant woman with This case report Baud D, Greub G, Favre G, et second Miscarriage in a RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19. The patient presented at 19 weeks' gestation contributes to a gap in al. Second-Trimester trimester, Pregnant Woman with fever, myalgia, fatigue, mild pain with swallowing, diarrhea, and dry data on maternal Miscarriage in a Pregnant miscarriage, With SARS-CoV-2 cough for 2 days. She was given oral acetaminophen and discharged but SARS-CoV-2 infection Woman With SARS-CoV-2 placental Infection returned two days later with severe uterine contractions and no during the second Infection. JAMA. Published pathology, improvement of symptoms. Amniotic fluid and vaginal swabs, sampled trimester of pregnancy online April 30, 2020. Switzerland during labor, tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. A stillborn infant was delivered and provides evidence doi:10.1001/jama.2020.7233 after 10 hours of labor. Swabs from the axillae, mouth, meconium, and fetal for placental blood, obtained within minutes of birth, tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. pathology based on Fetal autopsy showed no malformations, and fetal lung, liver, and thymus RT-PCR and biopsies were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Placental swabs and biopsies were histological findings. positive for SARS-CoV-2, and placental histology demonstrated mixed Whether SARS-CoV-2 inflammatory infiltrates of neutrophils and monocytes. These findings
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