ACTION PLAN FOR RESTORATION OF POLLUTED STRETCH OF RIVER GHAGHRA FROM BARHALGANJ (GORAKHPUR) TO BHAGALPUR (DEORIA) River Ghaghra at Gorakhpur UTTAR PRADESH POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD TC – 12V, VIBHUTI KHAND, GOMTINAGAR, LUCKNOW (UP) INDEX Executive Summary a-c 1. Introduction 1-4 1.1 Identified Polluted stretch of River Ghaghra (Barhalganj, 5-6 Gorakhpur To Bhagalpur, Deoria) 2. Objective of the Action Plan 6 3. Pollution Inventory 7-23 3.1 Details of drains polluting River Ghaghra within 7-17 identified stretch 3.2Details of Sewage Pollution Sources 18 3.3Details of Waste Management 19-23 . 3.3 (a)Municipal Solid Waste 19 . 3.3 (b)Bio- Medical Waste 20-21 . 3.3 (c)Hazardous Waste 22 . 3.3 (d)E-Waste 23 4. Details of Industrial Pollution Sources 24 5. Status of Ground Water 25-26 6. Monitoring of Pollution Sources 27-29 6.1 Monitoring of Drains 27 6.2 Monitoring of River 28 6.3 Establishment of River Ghaghra Pollution Control Room 29 7. Polluted River Stretch Rejuvenation Action Plan 30-42 Appendices 43 Appendix-1 Pollution Source Mapping of Ghahgra from 44-45 Barhalganj(Gorakhpur) to Bhagalpur (Deoria) Appendix-2 Details of cities & Towns 46 Appendix-3 Details of Gram Panchayats & revenue Villages on the 47 banks of River Appendix-4 Wetlands/Water bodies along the River Ghaghra 48 49-52 Appendix-5 Status of E-waste Management Appendix-6 River Water Quality Data 53-62 Appendix-7 MSW improvement action plan time-line for the ULBs of 63-65 Department of Urban Development, UP Standard 66-68 Appendix-8 Other Relevant Information 69-71 ACTION PLAN FOR RESTORATION OF POLLUTED STRETCH OF RIVER GHAGHRA FROM BARHALGANJ (GORAKHPUR) TO BHAGALPUR (DEORIA) Executive Summary River Ghaghra is a perennial Trans-Boundary River. It originates on the Tibetan Plateau of Himalaya’s near Lake Mansarover. Total stretch of River Ghaghra is approx. 1080 km. Length of Ghaghra River in Nepal is approx 507 km and rest stretch of the River before confluence with the River Ganges lies in India. Ghaghra River joins River Ganga at Sitab Diyara in Distt. Ballia of UP. It is the largest tributary of the River Ganga by volume. Hon'ble National Green Tribunal vide its order dated 20th September 2018 instructed UPPCB to prepare River Ghaghra Action Plans to restore the quality of priority-V polluted stretch of river to be fit for at least bathing purposes within 06 months from the date of action plan gets approved. The river water quality analysis reveals that the average Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was found 7.7 mg/land Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) was 4.5mg/lit the year 2019, which comes under category D as per water quality standards IS 2296-1982, based on monitoring data of river water quality in the identified polluted stretch of River Ghaghra (i.e. Barhalganj (Gorakhpur) to Bhagalpur (Deoria). The river receives considerable amounts of wastewater every day from the industries and sewage system flow from municipal area of Gorakhpur, Mau & Deoria, which leads to deterioration of its water quality. Pollution Inventory: In the polluted stretch of River Ghaghra, total discharge of 14 MLD is estimated only in the form of sewage through 9 drains. In the polluted stretch of River Ghaghra total industrial discharge is zero, since any industrial unit has not been identified along the River Bank with in the identified polluted stretch. The treatment of sewage is a major area of concern as total estimated sewage discharge of 14 MLD is not treated. A detailed drain wise data regarding sewage, status of tapping and status of fixing of bar meshes etc. is given in the detailed Action Plan. Gorakhpur, Mau & Deoria city are located in the catchment area of the river. The sewage and other effluent generated from Gorakhpur city contribute to the organic load of the river. As mentioned above, total untreated sewage discharged into River Ghaghra through 09drains is approximately 14 MLD. The treatment of sewage is a major issue of concern and any STP has not been installed by Barahalganj, Dohari Ghat, Gaura Barhaj and village Panchayat Bhagalpur hence treatment facility is required. a Local bodies Barahalganj, Doharighat, Gaura Barhaj and village Panchayat Bhagalpur are situated along the River Bank of identified polluted stretch and generated approximately 142.30TPD Solid Waste is generated. There is no processing facility available in any local body as well as village Panchayat situated within the identified polluted stretch of River Ghaghra. The details of MSW generation are provided in Action Plan. Sewage Treatment: Estimated Sewage generation from Barahalganj (Gorakhpur), Dohari Ghat (Mau), Gaura Barhaj (Deoria) and village Panchayat Bhagalpur is 21.11 MLD on the basis of estimated population of 2030. Any STP has not been installed in the catchment area of identified polluted stretch. There is gap of 21.11 MLD in the treatment of sewage generated. Municipal Solid Waste: Estimated MSW generation from Gorakhpur city is 142.30 TPD on the basis of estimated population of 2030. Any processing facility is not available. Therefore, gap of 142.30TPD exists in the catchment area of polluted River Stretch. Bio-Medical Waste: In Gorakhpur city on catchment of the stretch of river Ghaghra there are 22 Health Care Facilities, which generate 83.4 Kg/Day of Bio-Medical Waste. All the Health Care Facilities have valid agreements with 03 Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facilities namely M/s Medical Pollution Control Committee, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Khalilabad, Sant Kabir Nagar, M/s Silkon Welfare Society, Banka, Bahadurganj, Ghazipur and M/s Royal Pollution Control Committee, Sultanpur for collection, transportation and disposal of Bio- Medical Waste. The segregation of Bio-Medical Waste and disposal in the CBWTFs as per the provisions of Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 is a major area of concern. Hazardous Waste: Any industrial unit has not been identified along the River Bank within identified polluted stretch (Barhalganj to Bhagalpur) of River Ghaghra. Hence, possibility of Hazardous waste generation from industrial units is not possible within identified polluted stretch of the River. E-Waste: In the State, a total 43 Common E- Waste Disposal Facility is operational. Out of these, 10 units are collection centre, 16 have the facility of collection & dismantling whereas remaining 17 are collection, dismantling and recycling centres. The cumulative capacity of these plants is 2,48,000/annum. The quantum of E-Waste generated in the State is approximately 86,000 TPA. Hence there is no gap in the generation and treatment infrastructure for safe E-Waste handling as per the provisions of E-Waste Rules, 2016. Monitoring of Pollution Sources: b The priority-V polluted stretch of River Ghaghra will be monitored at 4 places so as to ascertain adverse effect of pollution by various sources in the river. Monitoring of 09drains discharging into the polluted stretch of river Ghaghra will be done on monthly basis. The sampling points are selected near the confluence of the drains with the Ghaghra River. Establishment of Ghaghra Pollution Control Room: A Control Room for monitoring and centralized reporting of various pollution sources will be established in Gorakhpur under overall supervision of Commissioner, Gorakhpur and run by UP Pollution Control Board with the help of District Ganga Committees/Zila Paryavaran Samiti. Polluted River Stretch Rejuvenation Action Plan: The details of some short and long term Action points were identified based on their urgency and time period required for their completion are provided in Action Plan. Some highlights of Action points are given below: Sewage Management: Short Term Action Points: Estimation of total sewage generation from City/Towns where sewage treatment facility does not exist and preparation of DPR for treatment of sewage. Measurement of flow & load of all the drains contributing pollution load in River Ghaghra. Installation of Bar-meshes in the drains & regular cleaning & disposal of Solid Waste from them. Untapped drains to be provided with modular treatment facilities/ In-Situ bio-remediation or Phytorid-SWAB (CSIR-NEERI) based treatment. Long Term Action Points: Establishment of Sewage Treatment Plants of adequate capacity. Tapping & diversion of the drains having high sewage load to STPs to be constructed on I&D model. Infrastructure Development in Irrigation/Horticulture/Sprinkling/Industries. Ensuring use of treated water. c 1. INTRODUCTION River Ghaghra is a perennial Trans - Boundary River. It originates on the Tibetan Plateau of Himalaya’s near Lake Mansarover. It traverses through Nepal and joins the Sharda River at Bramhaghat in India. Ghaghra River is a major left bank tributary of the River Ganges. Total stretch of River Ghaghra is approx. 1080 km. Length of Ghaghra River in Nepal is approx. 507 km and rest stretch of the River before confluence with the River Ganges lies in India. Ghaghra River joins River Ganga at Sitab Diyara in Distt-Ballia of UP. It is the largest tributary of the River Ganga by volume. Fig: 1, Ghaghra River Upstream of Barhalganj (Gorakhpur) As per Water Quality Monitoring Data of River Ghaghra for the year 2018, water quality in the identified polluted stretch of river (i.e. Barhalganj to Bhagalpur) falls in the Class- D as per water quality criteria of Central Pollution Control Board. River Water is fit for propagation of Wild Life and Fisheries. Town Area Barhalganj is an ancient city of Distt-Gorakhpur. It is situated on the left Bank of River Ghaghra. Barhalganj town is connected to Town Area 1 Doharighat of District Mau by a bridge over the River Ghaghra. Barhalganj Town Area is situated along N.H.-29, Gorakhpur-Varanasi Highway. As per census of India made in the Year 2011, population of Barhalganj Town was 21,290.