ANNUAL REPORT 2019 INSTITUTE FOR EUROPEAN STUDIES Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel CONTENTS MISSION STATEMENT

Message from the President 5 - Media Appearances in 2019 69 As a Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence at the Vrije Executive Summary 9 Academic Services 82 Universiteit Brussel, the IES aims to provide research, Highlights 13 - IES Public Events in 2019 82 education and academic services that are focused on the Research Portfolio 19 Structure and Management 87 - Strategic Goals 19 Gender and Diversity 91 European Union in an international setting and recognised - List of our Own Funded Projects 21 Outreach 93 for their quality, multidisciplinarity and policy relevance. - List of Externally Funded Academic Collaboration 95 Projects 22 - Collaboration based on MoU 95 - Environment and Sustainable - Collaboration based on Development 36 long-standing relationships 100 - Migration, Diversity and - Project-based collaboration 101 Justice 38 Personnel 103 - International Security 40 - Personnel Management 103 - European Economic Quality Assurance 109 Governance 42 Financial Report 113 - Educational Development Unit 44 Annex: List of publications 116 Teaching Portfolio 47 - Education 47 - Strategic Goals 47 - LLM International and European Law 49 - MSc European Integration 53 - Postgraduate Certificate in EU Policy Making 56 - Summer School European Policy Making 57 - Brussels Programme on European Foreign Policy 59 - PhDs 60 Publications 63 - Policy Briefs 64 IES in the Media 69 2 3 CONTENTS MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

“The times, they are a-changin’”. Bob Dylan’s words from over half a century ago – incidentally the time when the VUB was created - couldn’t be more timely than now. With the geopolitical liberal order in flux and a European Union facing its first (Br)exit since the creation of the Steel and Coal communities in 1952, one can hardly say that we are living in a stable Karel De Gucht, IES President environment. I’m not even mentioning continuous disinformation, fake news, migration crises, trade wars and climate change – to name but a few … Yet we have the moral duty to remain optimistic. The bright side is indeed that for the scholars, researchers and students at the Institute for European Studies, these times are extremely interesting. Interesting enough to critically analyse and investigate, and to come up with policy advice that is matured thorough research. Because this is what makes the IES different from other research institutions and think tanks: we are able to combine scholarly research with policy-oriented output, marrying the best of both (university and think-tank) worlds. This makes us a well-sought after institution that remains an attraction pole for many scholars worldwide. Our optimism is thus backed by facts. And it is only getting better. Now that the UK has left the European Union, the real work has to commence (those that thought that Brexit meant the end of their proverbial suffering will soon be proven wrong: it’s the start!). How will our future relations be with the second largest economy of the European continent? What does Brexit mean for our negotiating position in environmental or climate-change related issues? Does it have an impact on our security? On our defence? On migration ? On trade negotiations worldwide ? … These and many more questions are being posed, not only by our friends in the home country of Adam Smith, but by scholars, politicians, economists and the public at large worldwide. Hence the increased interest in our Institute by governments and institutions from the US, South Korea and Japan. Not only because of Brexit of course, but because of our larger take on the EU in the world. Our research themes of climate change and energy, security and defence, migration and identity, and economic governance are timely and universal, and appeal to many students and scholars around the world. So despite the numerous challenges threatening the EU and the turbulent waters it has found itself in, the Institute is doing well. And we are on the road to do even better, as the times were a-changin’ in 2019 for the IES as well. INTRODUCTION 5 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

First and foremost, the Institute entered in a so-called “personal union” with Vesalius College at the beginning of the new academic year. A joint and renewed management team is ambitious and determined to increase the Institute’s vigour and impact, both on students and policy makers as well. And no Brexit here, as we reached out to our long-time university partner and European Network member Warwick University – the UK’s number one in political and IR studies – to enhance our collaboration and to co-create research and teaching activities in the future. Similar initiatives unfolded with the University of Southern California, Seoul National University and Hankuk University for Foreign Studies, the Vienna Diplomatic Academy and the United Nations University – entrusted partners with whom we increased our co-operation in 2019. Finally, the Institute passed an excellent government audit. The audit committee scrutinized every aspect of the IES and concluded that the Institute performed (more than) adequately over the past five years. It recommends the Minister to extend the government agreement and its subsequent funding for a further five years. A fine achievement to celebrate along with the 50th anniversary of our alma mater. All this obviously does not come for granted. I recognise the tremendous efforts and sometimes sacrifices that have been made by the Institute’s staff in the past turbulent year – and even years. With an incredible publication record, four new PhDs (of which I am really proud), 50 diplomas and over 35 externally-funded projects, the Institute’s staff – both academic and non-academic – have proven that no matter how times are a-changin’, they can be counted on. I therefore have to conclude that the IES is like a fine wine that becomes better and richer by getting older. And of wine I know a lot. At least enough to raise the glass and hail to the good health of our Institute and all those that contributed to its well-being over the past year. Cheers!

Karel De Gucht IES President INTRODUCTION 7 4 PhD 40 MASTER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DIPLOMAS GRADUATES 104 PUBLICATIONS

2019 is definitely the year of big changes at the Institute. We started the year by changing our Ac- ademic Director: Alexander Mattelaer took over from Luk Van Langenhove who became VUB Commissioner for international networks and institutions. Alexander led the institute through a successful government audit and handed over Anthony Antoine, Executive Director and the proverbial helm of the institute to Luc Soete, Luc Soete, Dean who became the first Dean of the IES, following statutes changes that adapted the management structure of the Institute. This change was necessary. Not only were management structures no longer 175 MEDIA 59 EVENTS tailored to the growth of the institute, they also did not fit the collaboration APPEARANCES setup that was brokered between the IES and Vesalius College. In February Executive 2019, the University Board decided to reinforce its international outreach by teaming the two largest players in the field: the IES and Vesalius College. A Summary personal union was formed with a similar management structure and identical Board (in composition). Both institutions continue to operate as proper legal seperate entities, yet their management is identical so that strategies and op- erations can be streamlined.

2019 The change of our statutes was also necessary to abide by legal provisions. The previous version of the statutes still dated from 2011, whereas the legal framework changed in 2013 and 2015, both at governmental and at university level. New statutes were brokered with the assistance of the VUB and of the University’s Government Commissioner.

If we may believe Winston Churchill that "to improve is to change. To be perfect 108 STAFF MEMBERS is to change often", then our Institute is reaching near-perfection. To cope with 20 POLICY BRIEFS & 14 OWN PROJECTS POLICY PAPERS the enhanced collaboration, and to anticipate further growth, the Institute’s 35 EXTERNAL PROJECTS secretariat was restructured and the academic research clusters enhanced. 7 REPORTS The IES launched five new vacancies for part-time ZAP, strengthening the re- search capacity of the various clusters and enabling the embedding of Vesa- lius College senior staff into the research vocation of the Institute.

With these changes, the Institute’s total number of staff members rose further to 108 (i.e. 52,4 FTE), with an additional 18 people associated or visiting (and hence not on the payroll). 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Our expertise has also been called upon by different national and international Change was also needed in the education department. Having combined the po- media. Up to 175 media appearances were counted in 2019 (i.e. almost one eve- sition of LLM and Euromaster Director “ad interim” for numerous years, Prof. Dr. ry other day), proving that the Institute has matured to a level that is internation- Harri Kalimo was relieved of this overstretch through the appointment of Prof. Dr. ally recognised. This recognition is boosted through other high-impact research Jamal Shahin as Director of the MSc in European Integration (Euromaster). Harri requests on sustainable development and climate change, migration, security continues to lead the LLM in International and European Law. Both programmes and economic governance – the four research clusters of the IES. In addition, changed already in 2018 and with additional marketing efforts were able to at- international recognition gave raise to the continuation of the first Korea Chair tract 106 students in total, securing the government endorsed obligation to as- in Europe while in this framework the first Summer School on European affairs sure 50 advanced master diplomas per year. As the institute is not “perfect” yet, for Seoul National University was launched. It complements the already existing it was only able to issue 40 diplomas in 2019 – a result of low enrolment figures Summer School on European Security, organised for the University of Southern the year before (an issue that has been tackled successfully in 2019). California and the Jean Monnet endorsed Summer School that is organised in collaboration with the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna and the Universität Wien. On the other hand, the IES exceeded expectations by awarding four PhD diplo- ma’s in 2019: Sara Silvestre, Carla Mascia, Stephan Klose (PhDs in Political Sci- Change also happened on the financial front. Deplorable change, in this case, as ence) and Max Jansson (PhD in Law) all successfully submitted and defended the Institute faces an exceptional financial loss of € 131.330. Part of this is due their doctoral thesis. to deferred projects (i.e. projects that were scheduled to take place in 2019 but that will only start in 2020), and part because of the unfortunate coincidential On the events side, 2019 was an “uneven” year in the sense that the Institute end of both FP7 projects (that lasted 4-5 years) and H2020 projects (that only did not organise its biennial “EU in International Affairs” conference, yet it never- last 3 years). The Institute has meanwhile taken the necessary steps so that this theless organised 59 different events, amongst which several conferences and loss does not become structural. With the outbreak of the Corona Covid-19 virus workshops, research colloquia and policy fora. at the time this report is written and its effect on international travel (and therefor on programmes such as the ones organised by the IES), new challenges in this Research-wise, a number of projects changed: the H2020 IES-led research pro- respect lie ahead ... ject on Science Diplomacy (EL CSID) ended, as did the remaining FP7 projects SOURCE (on societal security), BIOFUELS and the INNOVIRIS-funded PARENT As change is the only constant in life, we are however looking forward to avert project. New projects were however started through H2020, Jean Monnet, FWO this looming crisis and anticipate further positive changes in the coming year! and other funding schemes, so that the total number of externally funded pro- jects at the IES remains unchanged at 35. With 14 additional self-funded pro- jects, this brings the total research initiatives to 49. Needless to say that these give way to a multitude of outputs, ranging from our own policy briefs (of which we produced 20 in 2019) and reports (7) to 19 book chapters and 20 peer re- viewed journal articles (104 publications in total).

10 11 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY HIGHLIGHTS 2019

PROMOTING FOUR NEW PHD GRADUATES

2019 was a very fruitful year at the IES regarding new PhD degrees: Sara Silvestre,

Promoting 4 new PhD graduates Promoting Max Jansson, Carla Mascia and Stephan Klose all successfully submitted and defended their doctoral thesis. The series of doctoral defenses was kicked off by Sara Silvestre, who was promoted in March 2019 on the subject of " Understanding

In 2019 IES Board appointed new In 2019 IES Board management the Negotiation Behaviour of Member States in the Council of the EU: The Case "SNU in the EU " Brussels Programme of the Asylum Procedures Directive". It was a double PhD between the IES (supervisor Prof. Florian Trauner) and ISCTE – The University Institute of Lisbon (supervisors Profs. Robert Ladrech and João Miguel de Carvalho). Five months later, in August 2019, Max Jansson obtained his doctorate with a thesis on the legal aspects of PPMs in interstate trade at the University of Turku. In the same month, Carla Mascia successfully defended her PhD on the implementation of (family) migration policies. It was a joint PhD between IES, Vrije Universiteit Brussel and GERME, Université Libre de Bruxelles, co-supervised by Prof. Ilke Adam (IES- VUB) and Prof. Andrea Rea (GERME, ULB). And last but not least, Stephan Klose was promoted in November 2019. In his dissertation, Stephan addresses two shortcomings in the role theory literature – role theory’s conceptual ambiguity and the lack of engagement of role theorists in relevant disciplinary debates. Stephan's VUB signs MoUs with universities Korean prestigious

EUTOPIA €5m Erasmus+ grant expandsEUTOPIA supervisor was Prof. Dr. Luis Simon (IES). E IES international collaboration options

A NEW MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE AND A NEW DEAN Effective 1 October 2019, the IES Board appointed Luc Soete as its first Dean (to replace the function of Academic Director). The appointment goes hand in

Dr. Jamal Shahin appointed Dr. of EuroMaster as Director hand with enhanced collaboration between the IES and Vesalius College, who hence form a "personal union" with a joint and renewed Board and a new joint management structure. This aims to ensure alignment of strategy within and amongst both institutions. The new management structure is also enshrined in the revised statutes, which are now embedded in the VUB’s statutes thus enabling xx an alignment of management roles. Two other new appointees include Alexander IES hosts Belgian Defence Debate IES hosts Belgian Defence Mattelaer who will take up the new function of Vice-Dean for Research of both institutions, while Sven Van Kerckhoven will take up the new role of Vice-Dean for Education. The IES-VeCo joint management team further consists of Executive Director Anthony Antoine and Assistant Executive Director and Head of Secretariat Jacintha Liem. 13 I ES publishes unique industrial strategy climate neutrality report towards EuroSIm nd 32 Launch of new 3-year Jean Launch of new 3-year Monnet Network GOVTRAN HIGHLIGHTS HIGHLIGHTS HIGHLIGHTS

IES WELCOMES KOREAN STUDENTS FOR full day at the European Commission. They visited the EUTOPIA €5M ERASMUS+ GRANT EXPANDS IES INTERNATIONAL THE FIRST EDITION OF THE “SNU IN THE EU” European Commission’s Visitors’ Centre and sat in on COLLABORATION OPTIONS BRUSSELS PROGRAMME presentations from a variety of speakers about the The EUTOPIA alliance of six European universities, one of which is Vrije Universiteit functioning of the European Commission, human rights, During the 25-28 March Royal Visit of His Majesty the Brussel (VUB), has been chosen by the European Commission as one of the 17 pilot EU enlargement policy, and EU-South Korea trade and King of the Belgians Filip and his Royal Highness Queen projects for developing a ‘European university’, thereby receiving a five million EUR external relations policies. Mathilde to the Republic of South Korea, VUB Vice-Rector grant from the Erasmus+ ‘European Universities’ programme. Romain Meeusen joined the Delegation and signed three The second week of the programme explored the EU's EUTOPIA unites over 165,000 students and 30,000 members of staff in six countries, MoUs with Korean universities. Two MoUs were signed role in international affairs, European cooperation in with 90,000 international alumni associated with its member universities. Together, with Seoul National University (SNU) on research and security and defence, and the EU’s relations with East the EUTOPIA universities have research centres in 760 areas of knowledge. It is teaching cooperation, and on the organisation of a ‘SNU Asia. After the morning lectures, students visited and comprised of Vrije Universiteit Brussel, the University of Gothenburg, l’Université in the EU’ summer training programme. attended presentations at a variety of institutions such as Paris Seine, the Pompeu Fabra University – Barcelona, the University of Warwick, the European Council, European External Action Service, The ‘SNU in the EU’ programme provides an opportunity and is led by the University of Ljubljana. for undergraduate students to learn about the inner House of European History and NATO headquarters. The working of - and current challenges facing – the European programme was completed with a visit to the Court of The award will boost EUTOPIA’s mission of working as a network of European Union. In 2019, the SNU launched the programme in Justice in Luxembourg and a final presentation. campuses, through collaborative research, increased mobility of students, Brussels jointly with the Institute for European Studies. academics and staff, and shared innovations that serve the wider public in regional From 1 to 11 July, twenty-two Korean students from a communities. One of the concrete consequences for the Institute for European variety of academic disciplines travelled to Brussels for DR. JAMAL SHAHIN APPOINTED AS Studies is the creation of a joint Master’s degree between University of Warwick’s a two-week course programme at the IES which offered DIRECTOR OF EUROMASTER PROGRAMME Department of Politics and International studies (PAIS) and the IES in ‘International a mix of lectures and visits to various European Union Studies and European Integration’. It will also allow our Institute to further step up its institutions and other key actors. The programme was In 2019, the IES was pleased to announce the international collaboration as part of this new formal European Universities network. coordinated by KF-VUB Korea Chair Ramon Pacheco appointment of Dr. Jamal Shahin as the new Director Pardo, Stephan Klose and Paula Cantero Dieguez. of its Advanced Master in European Integration (‘EuroMaster’) programme. Dr. Shahin works part time at IES HOSTS SUCCESSFUL HIGH-PROFILE BELGIAN DEFENCE DEBATE The programme kicked off on 1 July with a welcome the IES, as well as in the Department of European Studies session where students were received with a breakfast at the University of Amsterdam. Jamal is trained as a The IES, in collaboration with Belgian and introduced to the course leaders. In the afternoon, political scientist, with a PhD from the University of Hull Military Interests, organised on 23 May

the students joined lectures with international students (2005). His research interests focus on global internet HIGHLIGHTS the Belgian Defence Debate, featuring a of the Jean Monnet Inter-University Summer School governance, political participation in the European panel of six politicians: Hendrik Bogart on EU Policy-making and, to close the first day, headed Union, EU governance, and the impact of the internet (CD&V), Philip Claeys (Vlaams Belang), together to a kick-off dinner at Sauce Park. In its on policy making. In the EuroMaster programme, he Melissa Depraetere (Sp.a), Wouter De first week, the programme focused on the history of teaches the Research Methods Lab course and will Vriendt (Groen), Theo Francken (N- European integration, decision-making procedures and be convening the core module on Policymaking and VA) and Tim Vandenput (Open VLD). current challenges for the EU. The students visited the Interest Representation in the EU, as a successor to The debate was moderated by (then) European Parliament in Strasbourg, the Embassy Prof. Dr. Irina Tanasescu. IES Academic Director Prof. of the Republic of Korea in Brussels and spent a Alexander Mattelaer and was 14 witnessed by an audience of 15 HIGHLIGHTS HIGHLIGHTS

approx. 120 people in the room and several thousand IES PUBLISHES UNIQUE INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 32ND EUROSIM MODEL EU viewers online by means of a livestream. Key topics REPORT TOWARDS CLIMATE NEUTRALITY st discussed during the Belgian Defence Debate related A new IES report to which our researchers Tomas Wyns, After successfully hosting the 31 edition to investments in military infrastructure, personnel and Gauri Khandekar and Matilda Axelson contributed, of EuroSim – a Model European Union that equipment, the promises and challenges of defence builds upon the growing momentum for an EU industrial brings together around 200 students from cooperation at a bilateral and European level, and the transition to net-zero emissions amongst policy makers the US and the EU to simulate the legislative future of Operation Vigilant Guardian (the deployment of and even industry, and sketches the blueprint of an process of the European Union – the IES soldiers in the streets of Belgium since the attacks in Paris industrial strategy towards climate neutrality. The report participated with its own delegation of in January 2015). Both online and offline audiences had is unique in the sense that its industrial strategy proposal students for the US edition that was hosted the opportunity to ask questions to the panellists. IES PhD transcends the novelty of individual instruments towards at the St. John Fisher College in Rochester, researcher Linde Desmaele delivered the opening address a more integrated structure that scrutinizes a broad set New York between 28 – 31 March 2019. and VRT journalist Jens Franssen the closing remarks. of policy instruments and provides ideas for making the Selected across our LLM, EuroMaster, and whole policy set as tangible as possible. PGC programmes, the Institute’s delegation negotiated together with peers from 20 VUB SIGNS MOUS WITH PRESTIGIOUS different universities and colleges the EU’s KOREAN UNIVERSITIES LAUNCH OF NEW 3-YEAR JEAN MONNET next Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF). From their respective alter egos In the framework of the Royal Visit to the Republic of NETWORK ON EU CLIMATE AND ENERGY they held on to the positions of Heads South Korea, VUB’s Vice-Rector Romain Meeusen signed GOVERNANCE of Government, ministers or MEPs in a four-day negotiation marathon at the three MoUs with Korean universities – two of which were end of which a compromise could be successfully achieved. The EuroSim directly related to activities at the IES. General research With the support of the Erasmus+ Programme of the conference complements the research-led education the IES is delivering by and teaching cooperation agreements were signed European Union, the Jean Monnet Network on Governing adding a sought-after practical dimension of active and experiential learning between the VUB and Hankuk Universtity of Foreign the EU’s Climate and Energy Transition in Turbulent where students have the opportunity to solve problems and be confronted with Studies (HUFS) and between the VUB and Seoul National Times or GOVTRAN brings together a broad range of real-life scenarios. Through its transatlantic nature, the event adds an important University (SNU). With HUFS, the IES has had a long scholars interested in climate and energy governance in cultural and social component as well, with long-term impact and benefits for standing relationship, starting with student exchange the European Union. GOVTRAN reaches out to the wider students on both sides of the Atlantic. Aside from the EuroSim conference, the between 2009 and 2012 and with research cooperation epistemic community and actively fosters engagement US study trip organised by Silviu Piros included also two study visits in New ever since. With SNU, an additional MoU was signed to with policymakers and the broader public in this field. HIGHLIGHTS York where the students had the opportunity to further discuss the EU’s role organize a summer training programme on EU Studies The project is coordinated by the IES research cluster abroad, EU – UN relations, and to visit the United Nations headquarters. The first for their international relations students. See the separate on Environment and Sustainable Development (Prof. study visit included a meeting at the EU Delegation to the UN, where the group SNU in the EU highlight story above for more details. Sebastian Oberthür) and implemented in collaboration with three other universities: Ghent University, the was received by Ambassador Gustavo Martin Prada and discussed some of the University of East Anglia and the University of Eastern challenges the EU is currently facing in its support for the multilateral system, Finland. In the next three years, GOVTRAN will sponsor given the current internal and external threats such as Brexit, the current political a number of events, such as roundtable debates and climate in the US and the rise of populism. The second visit took place at the lectures, and initiate a variety of publications and other UN headquarters, giving the group the chance to visit the premises of this unique and truly global organisation with a rich history and noble mission. 16 outputs, including policy briefs, podcasts, special issues 17 of journals, and an online course. RESEARCH - STRATEGIC GOALS

The Strategic Plan 2016-2020 described a number of research objectives:

• Successful completion of at least 15 PhDs projects (i.e. an Alexander Mattelaer average of three per year) and launching of at least 25 PhD Vice-Dean Research projects (of which ten funded by their own resources)

In 2019, the IES initiated several new PhD projects (of which two are funded on own resources), and was able to deliver four doctoral diplomas.

• Strengthening IES involvement in national and international research networks

One of the new initiatives in 2019 was the first edition of a ‘SNU in the EU’ summer training programme (July), following the signature of a MoU with Seoul National University (SNU) during a Royal Visit of the King and Queen of Belgium in March 2019 (See Highlights section for more details). Another significant development was the start of the EUtopia network, an alliance of six European universities, which in 2019 was chosen by the European Commission as one of the 17 pilot projects for developing a ‘European university’. A concrete result of this is a joint VUB - University of Warwick PhD project, as well as a Double Masters degree combining the MA programmes of Warwick’s Department of Politics and International Studies (PAIS) and the Advanced Master in European Integration at the IES. Moreover, the IES further elaborated its existing networks through the high-profile collaboration with UNU-CRIS, the organisation of joint events (e.g. Brussels-Vienna Summer School), and its involvement in numerous EU projects with various consortia (see Externally Funded Projects section for more details).

• Consolidation and strengthening of academic focus areas with thorough review of existing cluster structure

In 2012, the IES was restructured into four clusters and one Educational Development Unit. It continued to strengthen these clusters throughout 2019 (e.g. by appointing at least one postdoctoral researcher per cluster, while adding PhD researchers in other clusters on a rotational basis).

• Implementation and further development of Guidelines for IES Academic Staff (including guidelines for PhD projects, cluster arrangements at the 19 IES, benchmarking approach for postdoctoral staff) RESEARCH PORTFOLIO RESEARCH - STRATEGIC GOALS LIST OF IES-FUNDED PROJECTS

The guidelines were already finalised in 2012. Benchmark • Enhance PhD guidance through the creation of the Next to the individual research projects of our senior academic staff described discussions with research staff are done on an annual position of a Director of PhD studies in the cluster overviews (see infra), the IES funds several PhD projects on its basis. own resources. Stemming from the obligations in the government agreement, The Institute created this new post and appointed Prof. the Institute launches a minimum of two calls for projects every year. In 2019, Dr. Sebastian Oberthür as the first post holder in 2016. the Institute funded the following projects: He acts as representative or member in several VUB • Regulating Climate Change: Assessing and Explaining the Legitimacy bodies, such as the council of the VUB doctoral school. In of Transnational Governance Initiatives, Laura Iozzelli, October 2019, Prof. Oberthür continued to develop and implement 2015-September 2019 existing PhD related procedures and contribute to a better two-way communication between IES PhD researchers • Governing Ethno-Racial Inequalities in Europe: Colour-blind vs. Colour- and their supervisors. The Director of PhD studies also conscious Policy Frames in Belgium and Germany, Laura Westerveen, organised the IES Research Colloquia during which PhD October 2015-September 2019 researchers present the status of their research project • Explaining the Response of the EU and of NATO to the Ukraine Crisis, Elie and discuss it with other junior and senior researchers. Perot, October 2016-September 2020 • Publication of 40-50 articles in recognized • Cooperation beyond borders: explaining EU migration cooperation with • Consolidation / increase of external project funding international journals or their equivalent in major third countries, Philipp Stutz, October 2017-September 2021 (for research projects and scientific services) book publications per year, on average (with the share • Explaining military innovation in military applications of artificial of peer-review level publications reaching at least intelligence, Maaike Verbruggen, November 2017-September 2021 The Institute was able to attract xx million external 50%); Publication of 1-2 books per year (on average); funding, which is xx% more than last year. Publication of up to 15 Policy Briefs per year (on • Testing the East Asian Paradox: A study of East Asian nations' economic average). and security relations with a focus on Northeast Asia, Maximilian Ernst, • Fostering cross-cluster collaboration and integration October 2018-September 2022 (e.g. by prioritization of cross-cluster projects) The IES published 19 • Competition versus co-operation in multistakeholder internet governance articles, of which 16 – The EU’s role, values, and interests, Orsolya Gulyás, November The Institute fostered cross-cluster publishing and has peer-reviewed and 17 2018-October 2022 several of its researchers involved in cross-cluster projects, book chapters. The IES e.g. the Aviation Biofuels, eCoherence and PARENT also internally published • Who Shapes Whom? Transatlantic Relations in the Asian Century, Linde projects with EEG and ESD cluster involvement, and the nine IES policy briefs, 11 Desmaele, April 2017-March 2021 Mindb4ACT project with our MDJ and IntSec clusters IES Korea Chair policy • Business Model Transitions for Enabling Deep Emission Reductions involved. Other major projects the Institute worked on briefs, four Korea Chair in the EU Energy Intensive Industries, Matilda Axelson, February 2017 - were the EU climate policy project COP21:RIPPLES reports and three reports January 2021 (completed in 2019) and the Brussels Interdisciplinary with the contribution of Research Centre for Migration and Minorities (BIRMM) IES experts. For a full • The Internet of Things in the Circular Economy: Reconciling Environment, project, a VUB platform for migration and diversity overview, see our list of Data, and Trade under the WTO in the Digital Age, Eleonor Mateo, researchers to meet, exchange and cooperate across publications in the annex. December 2017 – December 2021 disciplines – coordinated by our Institute. • EU climate and energy governance: how myopic is it?, Jana 21 Gheuens, January 2019 – December 2022. RESEARCH PORTFOLIO LIST OF NEW IES-FUNDED PROJECTS LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

• On the outside looking in: Goal achievement of The following researchers who successfully INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS EU Arctic policies”, Aslak Veierud Busch, October defended their doctoral thesis in 2019 were 2019 – September 2023. supported by the IES Research Enhancement Fund, Europe Explained – Inter-University Summer School on EU Policy-making a fund that was created to help junior researchers • The integration of climate and energy security (Summer School) in the transition period from PhD to postdoctoral objectives in the EU's external energy policy, September 2016-August 2019 researcher: Marco Giuli, September 2019-September 2023. September 2019-August 2022 (funding renewed) Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Module • Stephan Klose, 'Four esays on role theory's added value • Historical narratives in Russian governmental The Inter-University Summer School on EU Policy Making is an intensive two- for IR and EU studies' discourse on domestic and foreign policy week programme and is held one week in Brussels and one week in Vienna during decisions, 1991-2018, Laura Vansina, October • Carlos Soria-Rodríguez, 'The International and European the first two weeks of July. The IES joins forces with the Diplomatic Academy of 2019 - September 2023. environmental regulation of marine renewable energies Vienna and the University of Vienna to bring this ‘crash course’ in European Policy in the EU' Making. Packed with lectures, study visits and simulation games, this programme attracts students and young professionals who wish to broaden their knowledge of the European institutions, European law and the European decision-making LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS process in general. Jean Monnet Module: The Economics of European (Dis) -integration INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS September 2019 – August 2022 Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Module The ECONDIS module focuses on the integration of European economies, as well Production of fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuel from Rethinking the European Economy, Ecology, and their as the current discontents with this integration process and the challenges posed wood and other biomass (BSFJ) Interactions (rECOncile) by disintegration. It studies the economic rationale for integration and addresses January 2015-December 2019 September 2016-August 2019 the populist upheavals in several EU member states, as best exemplified with the Funding scheme: European Commission - FP7 Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean British vote in favour of leaving the EU. These, in combination with several recent In the Aviation Biofuels project, IES analyses as a part Monnet Chair and current crises, such as the 2008 financial crisis and the current migration of an engineering project the globally most innovative rECOncile is the Jean Monnet Chair project of Prof. Harri crisis, contest European integration. policies to promote the uptake of sustainable aviation Kalimo. It provides research-led excellence in teaching biofuels, in particular as regards fully synthetic paraffinic and learning at the intersection of two fundamental areas Virtually Excellent: Opening Europe to the World through Innovative Education jet fuels. The IES also scrutinizes how such innovative of EU policy - the internal market and the environment. (VOWED) policies interact with European and international (WTO) The interactions, the “value reconciliation” between September 2017-August 2020 economic law. the economic and environmental values is explored by Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence creating two new and reforming three existing post- The "Virtually Excellent: Opening Europe to the World through Innovative graduate courses at the IES. The Chair also organises Education" (VOWED) Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence aims to 1) ensure that annual Inaugural Lectures and recurring Policy Forums, students benefit from high-quality research-based teaching on a wide variety of EU where the policy debates on EU’s economic and integration and foreign affairs issues; 2) provide a foundation by which academics environmental developments are brought to the public and students are informed via a series of distance learning formats on a domain, involving the policy makers, the civil society and range of multidisciplinary themes; and 3) offer a series of outputs by which 22 the industry representatives alike. 23 civil society can be viably informed of contemporary EU developments. RESEARCH PORTFOLIO LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

Explaining EU Action in Counter Terrorism (EXACT) to tackle radicalization leading to violent extremism The role of national parliaments in the Arab transformation processes September 2017-August 2020 (MINDb4ACT) February 2017-April 2019 Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet September 2017-August 2020 Funding scheme: European Commission - Horizon 2020, Research and Innovation Chair Funding scheme: European Commission – H2020 Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions/Individual Fellowship The "Explaining EU Action in Counter Terrorism" (EXACT) MINDb4ACT has the objective to improve the current The research analyses the role of national parliaments in Egypt, Jordan, Morocco Jean Monnet Chair provides research-led teaching and EU counter-violent extremism policies and to generate and Tunisia particularly since 2011, and assesses their contributions to the learning at the intersection of two fundamental areas new ones. It will focus on four kinds of interventions political transformation processes. It diminishes an existing research gap since of EU policy: the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (research actions, exchanges among law enforcement parliaments have received almost no consideration in ‘Arab Spring’ research yet. and EU counter-terrorism policy and law - through an agencies, strategic-policy exercises, training courses international cross-section of doctoral, postgraduate and and pilot projects). All actions will be developed within European leadership in Cultural, Science, and Innovation Diplomacy (EL-CSID) graduate students. The objective is pursued by advancing such collaborative ecosystems (‘Living Labs’) to facilitate March 2016-February 2019 cutting-edge blended learning formats, distance learning, stable collaborations (‘Knowledge partnerships’) that Funding scheme: European Commission – H2020 strong interdisciplinarity, and policy relevance. will improve current law enforcement techniques. The The “European Leadership in Cultural, Science and Innovation Diplomacy” (EL- interventions will be developed in five specific domains: CSID) project has the ambition to articulate the relevance of cultural, science and Participatory platform for sustainable energy prisons and judiciary systems; immigration hotspots and innovation diplomacy for EU external relations as part of a systematic and strategic management (PARENT) asylum centres, schools, cities (peri-urban contexts) and approach. The project aims to identify how the Union and its member states can March 2016-June 2019 the Internet and Media (TV, radio online). collectively and individually develop a successful institutional and strategic policy Funding scheme: European Commission – JPI Urban environment for extra-regional science, cultural and innovation diplomacy. Europe (H2020) and Innoviris Brussels The European Commission in Drone Community: a New The “Participatory platform for sustainable energy Cooperation Area in the Making (EU-DRONES) Governing the EU’s Climate and Energy Transition in Turbulent Times (GOVTRAN) management” (PARENT) project aims to increase April 2017-March 2019 September 2018-August 2021 engagement of individuals in the responsible Funding scheme: European Commission - Horizon 2020 Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Network management of their own electricity usage. PARENT Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie The overarching aim of GOVTRAN is to provide a platform to bring together the is executed in constant and close dialogue with Skłodowska-Curie actions/Individual Fellowship European and global community of senior and early career scholars in the field stakeholders and develops an innovative and marketable The objective of this research is to examine how the of climate and energy, and to actively foster this community’s engagement with platform for participatory energy management, fuelled European Commission is shaping regulatory framework policymakers and the broader public. by novel analytics, visualisation and gamification development, production and use of drones considering techniques. The project intends to understand how we the diverging interests among actors concerned in COP21: Results and Implications for Pathways and Policies for Low Emissions can stimulate behavioural change in the area of energy Europe (and beyond) where multiple authorities overlap. European Societies (COP21- RIPPLES) consumption in households and to offer guidelines for A comprehensive analysis of drones operations as December 2016-November 2019 reducing household energy consumption at multiple a whole, including actors’ perceptions, expectations, Funding scheme: European Commission – H2020 levels in Europe. interests and practices is still lacking. This research will This COP21-RIPPLES project provides interdisciplinary analysis of the conditions therefore study the European Commission’s strategy of EU climate policy in the new strategic context of the Paris Climate Change Mapping, IdentifyiNg and Developing skills and to join and shape the drone community (rule makers, Agreement concluded in 2015. Within this project, the IES team assesses 24 opportunities in operating environments to co- interest groups, manufacturers, operators and users) as the adequacy of the Paris outcomes for effective international climate 25 create innovative, ethical and effective ACTions well as the impact of its action. governance and the EU’s role. COP21- RIPPLES has four objectives: RESEARCH PORTFOLIO LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

1) Assess the adequacy of national climate action Judicial and Police cooperation preventing SOLVIT III, IV & V plans submitted under the Paris Agreement, 2) Assess radicalisation towards terrorism (JP-COOPS) March, October and December 2019 the implications of national climate action plans and January 2019 – June 2021 Funding scheme: European Commission – EASME tender their strengthening on other European socio-economic Funding scheme: European Commission – Justice The IES offered a training programme for the national experts of SOLVIT, specifically: objectives, 3) Assess the adequacy of the outcomes of Programme (JUST) SOLVIT III – an online training platform on the free movement of goods; and Paris, and the implications and opportunities emerging JP-COOPS, funded by DG JUST, focuses on the SOLVIT IV & V – a two-day expert training on Professional Qualifications in the from ongoing UN climate negotiations, and 4) Provide expansion of the network of trainers, national contact EU internal market. The last two sessions were done in collaboration with Prof. V. recommendations for EU climate policy and climate points, e-contents, and platforms established by Hatzopoulos from Pantheion University, Athens. The SOLVIT training is organized diplomacy. previous projects. Its main contribution will be the by the European Commission’s Executive Agency on SMEs (EASME). establishment of one network of networks comprising DESIGNSCAPES: Feasibility study on (m)apping 26 Multiagency National Contact Points, all using an BNB – Beton Naar Hoogwaardig Beton sustainability in Brussels up-scalable and modular Toolkit of all available Toolkits, March 2018 – February 2021 March 2019 – May 2019 which expands the knowledge on counter-radicalisation Funding scheme: European Regional Development Fund (Interreg) Funding organisation: European Commission – H2020 strategies and practices through the use of judiciary and In this project, concrete is recycled through a crushing process, where the concrete The feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in police cooperation as part of new situational prevention rubble is separated into its original components – cement stone, sand and gravel. Brussels aimed to understand whether the creation of strategies. After a dehydration process, the cement stone can be used as a new binder in new a structural database of sustainable initiatives would high-quality concrete products, with very low environmental impact. In the project, benefit local stakeholders and community members. FAIRNESS: Implementation of Stockholm's roadmap the IES conducts an economic analysis and assesses the business model(s) Following discussions with key players in the sector of in cases of terrorism and radicalisation arising from the new value chain. Project partners are the Vrije Universiteit Brussels sustainability policy, it was decided to focus the project July 2019 – June 2021 (coordinator), VITO, MEAM, CBS Beton, KU Leuven, SCC, SGS INTRON, Concrete on collecting initiative data on the topic of energy Funding scheme: European Commission – Justice Valley Group B.V. and Innovatie Centrum Duurzaam Bouwen. efficiency. This path was chosen in order to make the Programme (JUST) project both accessible and comprehensive. The result The FAIRNESS project aims at promoting a balanced Maximising Previously Acquired Competences (MaxiPAC) of the feasibility study is the Brussels Sustainable Energy harmonization of the Member States’ legal practices in July 2018 – December 2019 Actor Map or Brussels SEAM. The Brussels SEAM is an relation to the implementation of several EU Directives Funding organisation: European Sociaal Fonds - Europees Fonds voor Asiel, interactive map listing 43 organizations active in a total of (2016/343, 2016/800, 2016/1919, 2013/48/EU) Migratie en Integratie 76 sustainable energy initiatives in the Brussels-Capital when suspected or accused persons are involved in MaxiPAC is a project of Thomas More, UGent, VUB, NARIC, Minderhedenforum Region. The map allows users to learn about the goals terror-related crimes or radicalisation. Further, it aims and H&H Education, funded by the European Integration Fund. It is an AMIF- of various organizations and the initiatives they provide. at exploring the coherence between the ‘spirit’ and project which strives to promote the acknowledgement of previously acquired It is our hope that the implementation of Brussels SEAM previsions of the ‘Stockholm’s Roadmap’ contrasted competences of third-country nationals in Flemish higher education institutions. allows users to identify similarities in energy initiatives, with investigative and preventive practices (including The main goal of this project is to establish one standard procedure to validate as well as collaborate with stakeholders and inhabitants Directive 2014/41/EU, and Council Framework non- European diplomas in universities and higher education aiming a professional to identify gaps and generate solutions. Decisions 2002/584/JHA) involving suspects or Bachelor degree. Furthermore, a digital platform where third-country accused persons for crimes related to terrorism in the nationals will receive support and guidance for free will be developed. 26 pre-trial stage. 27 RESEARCH PORTFOLIO LIST OF EXTERNALLY FUNDED PROJECTS LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS OTHER ORGANISATIONS

powers between the main European institutional actors in context of legislative Climate Diplomacy 2019-2020 addressed, and how the United States deals with its decision-making in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ). First, it December 2019 – December 2020 allies in two different theatres. Experts discussed the investigates what changes legislative acts undergo during the legislative process Funding organisations: German Federal Foreign Office future of extended deterrence in Europe and East Asia from the text proposed by the European Commission to the final version published | adelphi with particular attention to NATO and the US-Japan in the Official Journal of the European Union and which policy ideas, defined as The project ‘Climate Diplomacy’ in support of the alliance. It was attended by a number of policy-makers policy provisions contained in the law, end up in the adopted document. Second, German Ministry of Foreign Affairs explores the foreign and experts from Europe and East Asia. it accounts for the mechanisms and causal factors behind the influence of policy dimension of climate change and climate policy, certain institutional actors and ideas on the development of legislation adopted including the impacts on peace, conflict and security in the AFSJ field. To do so the project relies on an application prototype of data mining and data processing, which allows a large-N systematic approach to in different regions around the world. To explore these OTHER ORGANISATIONS issues, adelphi and the Institute for European Studies track, visualise and analyse all legislative activity in AFSJ between May 1999 and have assessed the implications of energy transition December 2016. By tracing who ‘wins’ in the ‘legislative battle’, the project does not and decarbonisation for German and European foreign Understanding the international context for Norway’s only fill an important gap in the literature on the AFSJ decision-making dominated policy and produced a full-fledged report, a policy brief low- emission economy transition (CONNECT) by small-N and qualitative studies, but it also fuels the ongoing theoretical and several country studies. This project consists September 2017-August 2021 debates on the influence of institutional actors and on the impact of ideas on the of two parts. First, it aims at launching a report and Funding organisation: CICERO European legislative outcomes. Moreover, the application of data mining and data accompanying outputs and at discussing the findings CONNECT will provide policymakers with insights into processing techniques to legal text can contribute to test the efficiency of different with relevant stakeholders in Brussels. The second how the framework Paris Agreement will develop into computational modelling methods. objective is to produce and publish, based on the report, more detailed rules and procedures for global climate a book on the geopolitics of decarbonisation. The IES- cooperation and national policy approaches in the years Policy integration: decarbonisation and security of supply in the European VUB will organise a launch event in Brussels and take the leading up to 2018. It further examines how international Union's external energy policy lead in completing the book manuscript for publication. climate policy changes influence EU climate policies in January 2019-December 2022 the period from 2015 to 2018, and the consequences Funding organisation: Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO) Extended deterrence in Europe and Northeast Asia: A for EU-level decision- making processes. The project will This FWO-funded project aims to examine levels of policy integration and to comparative approach also look at how changes in the international context identify related main drivers and barriers as a contribution to a general theory of September 2019 – February 2020 impact Norway's climate policy development up to (climate) policy integration. It specifically explores varying levels of integration funding organisation: Embassy of Japan in Belgium 2018, and what the implications may be for a long-term of the key policy objectives of decarbonization and security of supply into the On 18 and 19 November 2019, the Institute for European low-carbon transition in Norway European Union’s external energy policy toward third countries. Based on existing Studies convened a closed-door expert meeting and literature on policy coherence and (environmental/climate) policy integration, it a public roundtable on current challenges to extended Who wins the legislative battle? Tracing legislative develops a novel framework for assessing the level of policy integration of the deterrence in Europe and East Asia. Discussions change and policy ideas in the Area of Freedom, two aforementioned policy objectives and applies this framework to the EU’s focused specifically on how US alliances and extended Security and Justice external energy policy towards three partner countries (Russia, Norway, Algeria or deterrence guarantees in Europe and East Asia October 2017 – September 2021 Azerbaijan). are linked; what similarities and differences Funding organisation: Fonds Wetenschappelijk 28 can be observed regarding how the alliances Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO) 29 are managed; how threats and challenges are This FWO project aims to understand the balance of RESEARCH PORTFOLIO LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

OTHER ORGANISATIONS OTHER ORGANISATIONS

Research Network on Regime (REFRACT) Contribution to the Next Generation Internet: engaging from, structures that aim at developing their participation; 2) When and how does January 2015 – December 2019 stakeholders (SpeakNGI) the institutional complexity of Brussels influence the relationships of young people Funding organisation: Fonds Wetenschappelijk September 2018-March 2019 from Brussels with those structures; 3) How does discrimination and assignment Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO) Funding organisation: SpeakNGI to disadvantaged social categories such as gender or alleged race (as well as their The REFRACT is a five-year project sponsored by the IES works together with the EU-funded SpeakNGI interactions) shape the relationships of youngsters with different institutions in FWO. The aim of the research network is to foster project team to help develop an understanding of the Brussels; 4) In which ways do the existing instruments and programmes aiming at international scientific exchanges and dialogues to Next Generation Internet. The Next Generation Internet the encouragement of civic participation of young people from Brussels meet their sustain and expand interdisciplinary research into initiative aims to help shape activities towards the expectations (or not); 5) What are the links between different forms of societal and regime complexes and institutional fragmentation. applications, infrastructures and technologies that will civic participation? be used as the Internet evolves. The SpeakNGI initiative Grants European Climate Foundation brings together the different communities involved in Roll-Out of Local Energy Communities (ROLECS) Since 2015 the development and use of emerging technologies, as January 2019 – December 2020 Funding organisation: European Climate Foundation well as the regulators and policymakers that define the Funding organisation: Vlaio The IES is doing policy research supported by ECF in space in which these actors work. The IES contributes Rolecs, i.e. the roll out of Local Energy Communities (LECs), is a unique cooperation several projects aiming at the decarbonization energy towards the growth of user participation in the policy between all Flemish research Institutes active in the energy sectors and 25 intensive industries. and regulatory frameworks by using its experience in companies all working towards gaining a deeper understanding and maximizing GIPO. It does this through participation in stakeholder the potential of Local Energy Communities (LECS). These communities, following Development of the International Soil Protection engagement exercises, the writing up of a report on up EU policy on energy, create a landscape that is more sustainable and with active Law - Institutional Analysis and Making of Concrete stakeholder engagement activities, and the elaboration participation of the end-consumer/producer (the so-called prosumer). Proposals (ECOLOGIC 730) of an advisory board for GIPO. January 2017-March 2019 PLATform for Open and Nationally accessible climate policy knowledge Funding organisation: Ecologic Obstacles et leviers à la participation sociétale (PLATON) The main objective of this project is to investigate et citoyenne des jeunes Bruxellois défavorisés January 2019 – December 2022 whether and how the international cooperation of states (EMPOWER-YOUTH) Funding organisation: The Research Council of Norway, KLIMAFORSK Programme| can be strengthened and improved in the medium to November 2017-October 2021 Fridtjof Nansen Institute (FNI) long term in order to ensure an effective protection and Funding scheme: Innoviris Brussels – Anticipate PLATON is Norway's largest social science climate research project and will help a sustainable use of soils. The relevant regulations and programme politicians and businesses in their efforts to make Norway a low-emission society. activities of various existing international treaty regimes “Empower Youth project” is a four-year research The project will build an openly available knowledge platform on climate policy and and organisations are analysed as a basis for the programme conducted By Géraldine André (IES-VUB) how it affects the economy, behavior and emissions. In addition to researching elaboration of concrete suggestions for improvement. and Alejandra Alarcon (GERME-ULB) on societal and new knowledge, PLATON will gather and systematize knowledge that already The project is led by the Ecologic Institute in Berlin and civic participation of young disadvantaged people from exists. Data, statistics and model tools that form the basis of the knowledge will is funded by the German Federal Environment Agency. Brussels. Through a mixed-method design (qualitative be part of the platform. and quantitative), Empower Youth investigates: 1) Why and when do youngsters not take up on, or turn away 30 31 RESEARCH PORTFOLIO LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

OTHER ORGANISATIONS OTHER ORGANISATIONS

Metals for a Climate Neutral Europe KF-VUB Korea Chair Embassy of the Republic of Korea. In June, the Chair published a joint report with February 2019 – October 2019 October 2017-October 2024 Harvard Medical School on the current and anticipated injury burden and injury Funding organisation: Eurometaux – European non- Funding organisation: Korea Foundation care capacity in North Korea, proposing a roadmap for multilateral assistance for ferrous metals association The KF-VUB Korea Chair at the Institute for European strengthening the system. The Chair also published a report with its team on South This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the Studies is the primary contact point in Europe on policy Korean President Moon Jae-in’s policy towards multilateral institutions which was EU’s industrial metals ecosystem, including the sector’s issues related to the Korean Peninsula. A joint initiative featured in the Think Tank Review of the Council of the European Union. In October, potential in the transition to climate-neutrality, and the between the Korea Foundation and Vrije Universiteit the Chair welcomed a new Visiting Fellow, Young-in Lee, who will be conducting challenges and constraints that will be faced along the Brussel, the Chair plays a strategic role in furthering research at the Institute on the cultural policy of the EU. way. It was commissioned by the non-ferrous metals Europe-Korea relations. It builds links between Europe and industry and represents its consolidated contribution to Korea through a number of activities and partnerships, the EU’s 2050 climate-neutral strategy. and contributes actively to increasing the possibilities for PROJECTS FUNDED BY VUB their future cooperation on bilateral, regional and global Mapping Out EU-Korea relations: Key Member States' levels. The KF-VUB Korea Chair advances academically Evaluating Democratic Governance in Europe (SRP EDGE II) Perspectives rigorous and informed discussions on mainly three issue- November 2017-October 2022 January 2019 – February 2020 areas; security on the Korean Peninsula, EU-Republic The work conducted during the second phase of the SRP is organised in three work Funding organisation: Korea Foundation of Korea relations and South Korean foreign policy. In packages. Each work package focuses on big challenges that democracies face to- This policy report, published by the KF-VUB Korea Chair, 2019, the Chair’s main research activities included the day. The three work packages are not mutually exclusive, i.e. there are obvious overlaps analyses the relationship and perspectives that key publication of academic and policy-relevant output across work packages, allowing us to consciously and actively develop cross-fertilisa- EU member states have of the partnership between and organisation of public conferences and expert tion and collaboration. The first work package deals with time and sustainability, the South Korea and their own member state. It presents workshops. On the one-year anniversary of the second with gender and diversity and the third with contestation. a comparative analysis between seven key EU member US-DPRK summit in Singapore, the Chair surveyed states of Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain views in U.S., China, Japan and Russia on inter- The Contribution of ‘regional’ multistakeholders mechanisms in improving global and Sweden in the issue-areas of trade and investment, Korean relations and published a report which was governance (GREMLIN) peace and security, and North Korea. These issue-areas picked up by the news outlets Reuters and The Wall October 2017-September 2021 are covered by the bilateral Framework Agreement, Free Street Journal. The Chair regularly makes media Funding organisation: UNU -CRIS | VUB OZR Grant Trade Agreement and Crisis Management Participation appearances and contributions to the BBC, The Hill, The GREMLIN project aims to investigate multistakeholderism in regional and global Agreement signed by South Korea and the EU in recent KBS News, TBS Radio, NK News and 38 North. In governance. It examines two different policy areas where multistakeholderism has years. The report provides an in-depth analysis and addition to organising events in Brussels, the Chair become a defining norm: internet and trade governance. Questions of legitimacy and include policy recommendations for MOFA and other organises two cross-European events in collaboration effectiveness are key to debates on multistakeholderism and thus are also central to interested South Korean policy-makers, government with think tanks in major capitals. In cooperation the theoretical framework of the project. GREMLIN brings together researchers from officials and stakeholders regarding the effects of these with French Institute of International Relations the IES and the Centre for European Union Studies (CEUS) at the University of Ghent in agreements and how they can improve implementation (IFRI), German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP) a project that will produce two PhDs, several policy briefs and a workshop on ‘building from an EU member state perspective. and Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), the better multistakeholderism’ at its end. Chair organised public conferences on security and economic affairs in Paris and Berlin. These activities 32 were realised with additional financial support of the 33 RESEARCH PORTFOLIO LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

PROJECTS FUNDED BY VUB EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS

Brussels Institute for European Studies (BIES) SNU in the EU security policy, the future of the transatlantic relationship, and regional challenges March 2018-March 2022 such as the Syria crisis and the resurgence of Russia. The course also tackled 01/07/2019 – 11/07/2019 In this initiative endorsed by the Research Council of both security challenges such as climate change and migration. Lecturers were invited The SNU in the EU programme provides an opportunity VUB and ULB, the two Institutes join forces and search to from a pool of academics and practitioners, providing students with a multi-faceted for undergraduate students from Seoul National intensify the cooperation in a series of areas, such as the understanding of the analytical and the empirical issues of European security University to experience a summer programme in a setup of a joint platform for EU funded bid submissions. institutions. The students also joined study visits to the European Parliament variety of European countries. In 2019, the first edition and NATO headquarters. The programme was led by Dr. Daniel Fiott and Prof. Dr. in Brussels was organised jointly with the Institute Brussels Interdisciplinary Research centre on Migra- Luis Simon with assistance of Stephan Klose, and coordinated by Paula Cantero for European Studies. The two-week programme tion and Minorities, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BIRMM- Dieguez and Marion Tomsett. welcomed 22 students and offered a mix of lectures VUB) and visits to various European Union institutions and January 2018 – October 2024 other key actors. In the first week, lectures focused on Funding organisation: Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB) the history of European integration, decision-making Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) conducts a wide variety procedures and current challenges at the EU. The of research on migration and diversity, spread over many second week of the programme explored the EU's role disciplines, departments and research institutes. This in- in international affairs, European cooperation in security terdisciplinary group has been created in January 2018. and defence, and relations with East Asia. Students It joins over 100 VUB researchers from 11 disciplines visited the European Commission, the European Council, (including political science, law, sociology, criminology, European External Action Service, House of European geography, medical sciences, communication sciences, History, NATO headquarters, the European Parliament linguistics, psychology and educational sciences, phi- in Strasbourg and the Court of Justice in Luxembourg. losophy, and history) working on migration and diversity The programme was coordinated by KF-VUB Korea related topics. BIRMM is coordinated by Prof. Ilke Adam Chair Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Stephan Klose and Paula and Prof. Florian Trauner (both IES-VUB) and a board of Cantero Dieguez. delegates with one representative per research centre or department. Brussels Programme on European Foreign Policy BIRMM-VUB was accepted as an institutional member of June 2019 – July 2019 the network in early July 2018. Our expertise on migration The 2019 Brussels Programme on European Foreign and diversity will contribute to IMISCOE's success. Policy welcomed 17 undergraduate students from the University of Southern California. The programme explored contemporary security challenges in Europe, aiming to provide an understanding of the EU as an actor in the foreign, security and defence policy fields. The course examined the institutions of EU foreign and

34 35 RESEARCH PORTFOLIO ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

and Energy Governance in the European Union” in the Euromaster. In addition, cluster researchers guest-lectured in other training and teaching programmes (including at the College of Europe).

VISIBILITY The cluster analyses relevant developments in EU and international climate, environmental and energy law Cluster members made various public appearances as keynote speakers, presenters, and policy, compares domestic law and policy, and panellists and conference participants and appeared in Flemish, national and international explores governance arrangements and institutions. media. The Jean Monnet Network GOVTRAN became a key flagship project of the cluster reinforcing its visibility in the European climate and energy governance community – see www.govtran.eu.

PERSONNEL energy policy. Aslak Veierud Busch began his PhD on the MAIN PROJECTS role of the European Union in Arctic governance in October In 2019, professors Sebastian Oberthür and Harri Kalimo, 2019. • VUB Strategic Research Programme “Evaluating democratic governance in Europe” post-doctoral researchers Ingmar von Homeyer and Carlos Associates included: Prof. Dr. Claire Dupont, Dr. Lisanne (EDGE) executed with the politics department of the ES faculty. Soria Rodríguez, project researcher Ólöf Söebech and ten Groen, Prof. Dr. Kati Kulovesi and Dr. Koen Van Den Bossche. pre-doctoral IES researchers contributed to the cluster. • Research project “COP21: Results, implications, pathways and policies for low-emissions Max Salomon Jansson, who is also a part of the European EVENTS European societies” (COP21–RIPPLES – 2016-2020) conducted by an international Economic Governance cluster, successfully defended his PhD consortium with funding by the European Commission (Horizon 2020). on the reconciliation of economic and environmental values The cluster organised two lunchtime Policy Fora on “Trump, • Several research projects on industrial decarbonisation in the EU funded by the European in law. Ernesto Roessing Neto continued to analyse legal Brexit and the BRICS: Toward Resilient International Climate Foundation, Eurometaux and others. Organizations in a Post-Liberal World?” in March 2019 and aspects of reducing deforestation and forest degradation • Research project “Production of fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuel from wood and other on challenges and opportunities for the EU’s Arctic policy in developing countries. Project and doctoral researchers biomass” (“Aviation Biofuels”) conducted by an international consortium with European in November 2018. It also organised a workshop in the Tomas Wyns and Gauri Khandekar investigate European Commission FP7 funding (2015-2019, with EEG) . and international climate and energy policy, focusing on context of the Jean Monnet GOVTRAN on Governing the • Research project “Geopolitics of decarbonisation: A European foreign policy perspective” industrial and innovation policy. Laura Iozzelli scrutinises EU’s Climate and Energy Transition in Turbulent Times at the with Adelphi (Berlin), funded by the German Foreign Office (2017-2019). the legitimacy and effectiveness of transnational regulatory Istituto Affiari Internazionale in Rome in September/October initiatives in international climate and energy governance. 2019. • Jean Monnet Network “Governing the EU’s climate and energy transition in turbulent Matilda Axelson continued her work on business models times” (GOVTRAN – 9/2018-08/2021) funded under the European Union’s Erasmus+ for industrial decarbonisation. Eleanor Mateo advanced TEACHING Programme . her research on reconciling the environment, data and trade • Research project “Policy integration: decarbonisation and security of supply in the Sebastian Oberthür and Harri Kalimo continued to jointly give under the WTO in the digital age. Jana Gheuens started European Union's external energy policy”, funded by the Research Foundation-Flanders the course “European environmental law in an international her PhD on ‘democratic myopia‘ and climate and energy (FWO – 2019-2023). context” and the "Case Study on Public International/EU governance in EU institutions at the beginning of 2019. Law", as a part of the IES’ LL.M programme. Harri furthermore • Research project “Roll out of local energy communities: a cooperative research project” Marco Giuli joined the cluster in September 2019 to taught the course “The Greening of the European Economy” (2019-2020 – ROLECS), funded under the flux50 programme. work on a new FWO project on decarbonisation and in the Euromaster. Sebastian taught the course “Climate • The cluster was involved in a number of further, smaller projects. 36 security of supply in the European Union's external 37 RESEARCH PORTFOLIO MIGRATION, DIVERSITY AND JUSTICE MIGRATION, DIVERSITY AND JUSTICE

Members of the cluster also taught in the VUB Master in Political Science, the IES' Postgraduate Certificate, the IES' LLM programme, the IES' Summer Schools, the IES' Study Abroad programme, and the Inter-University Master Programme in Gender and Diversity. Outside of IES the cluster engaged in teaching and training activities a.o. with the College of Europe.

VISIBILITY AND EVENTS

The cluster's research themes 'Migration and Diversity' have not lost public salience. Cluster members were invited to lecture, speak at policy events, advise policy makers and provide The Migration, Diversity and Justice cluster focuses on migration, immigrant integration, justice and home affairs as well as diversity policies commentary for the media. The MDJ cluster organised 13 public events, notably IES policy fora. (from the local level to the EU and UN). We concentrate in particular on the following sub-themes: EU Justice and Home Affairs, The politics A public discussion on the EU-West African cooperation on migration issues was organised of refugee protection, migration and border control, Equality and diversity. together with the United Nations University (UNU-CRIS) in Bruges. The cluster also organized BIRMM research days. The cluster hosted the academic launch of the UNDP Research The MDJ cluster hosts and coordinates the ‘Brussels implements the Empower-Youth project, funded by Innoviris, Report ‘Scaling Fences. The Voices of Irregular African Migrants to Europe’. Findings and Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Migration and Minorities’ and Dr. Mohammad Salman works on refugee integration recommendations were presented by Ms. Ahuna Eziakonwa, Director UNDP Africa and Mr. (BIRMM), which has become a recognised VUB Interdisciplinary policies. Sara Silvestre and Carla Mascia successfully Mohamed Yahya, Resident Representative, UNDP Nigeria. Findings were discussed by Prof. Dr Centre of Expertise since October 2019. Bringing together defended their PhD projects in 2019, on, respectively, EU Ine Lietaert UNU-CRIS and UGent, Prof. Dr. Ilse Ruyssen, UGent, IES PhD researcher Mr. Omar around 100 VUB researchers from 11 disciplines, BIRMM negotiations on asylum and the implementation of family N. Cham and Dr. Ortun Merkle, UNU-MERIT. The launch was introduced by Prof. Dr. Ilke Adam. will be a key point of reference for VUB research on migration migration policies. The cluster includes 11 doctoral candidates: and minorities-related topics and will act as the university’s Neepa Acharya, Laura Westerveen, Sibel Top, Hanna transmission belt to the outside world. In the context of Schneider, Philipp Stutz, Omar N. Cham, Jimmy Hendry MAIN PROJECTS BIRMM, VUB researchers currently write a book aiming to Nzally, Xiu Ling Ye, Lingyu Xu, Yijia Huang and Zoran Nechev. present their research in plain language to a wider audience. Throughout 2019, the cluster also welcomed seven visiting • VUB Interdisciplinary Centre of Expertise (IRP) ‘Brussels interdisciplinary research centre on researchers and interns and closely cooperated with nine migration and minorities’ (BIRMM). associated researchers. • Jean Monnet Chair ‘Explaining EU action in counter-terrorism’ (EXACT) (587456-EPP-1-2017- PERSONNEL 1-BE-EPPJMO-CHAIR). • Work Package Leader of the EU H2020-project ‘MINDb4ACT’ on tackling radicalization leading Profs. Ilke Adam and Florian Trauner jointly lead the cluster. PUBLICATIONS to violent extremism’. Richard Lewis, who was the originator of this cluster, and Prof. • Completion of the project ‘African migration: root causes and regulatory dynamics’ (AMIREG)’, Alison Woodward (VUB emeritus professor) continue to act as In 2019, the researchers of the MDJ cluster wrote 6 peer- grant by the United Nations University (UNU-CRIS). advisers. Dr. Angela Tacea implements an FWO post-doctoral reviewed journal articles, 10 book chapters, 10 policy briefs, 3 • ‘EMPOWER-YOUTH’ project on levers and obstacles to societal and civic participation by project in the field of EU Justice and Home Affairs. Other research reports, and several other (such as blogposts). disadvantaged youngsters in Brussels, granted by Innoviris (Anticipate program). postdoctoral researchers include Dr. Serena D’Agostino who • EDGE project on Evaluating democratic governance in Europe, jointly managed by the IES coordinates the VUB’s programme on ‘Evaluating Democratic TEACHING and the VUB’s Political Science Departement. Governance in Europe’ (EDGE) and Dr. Irina Van der Vet, who • Funding obtained for a WP within the Maxipac project (Maximizing previously acquired Profs. Ilke Adam and Florian Trauner jointly teach the course works on three EU-funded projects on counter- competences of immigrants), funded by the European Integration Fund. ‘European Immigration Policy’ for the IES' MSc in European radicalization and EU policing (FAIRNESS, JP-Coops, • Angela Tacea’s FWO postdoctoral fellowship on ‘Who wins the legislative battle? 38 Integration (Euromaster). Prof. Adam is also the convenor Mindb4Act). Alice Vervaecke has supported her in Tracing legislative change and policy ideas in the area of freedom, security and 39 of this programme’s course on 'Diversity Policies in the EU'. meeting the projects’ objectives. Dr. Andrew Crosby justice’, (conducted in partnership with the VUB’s Artificial Intelligence Lab). RESEARCH PORTFOLIO

INTERNATIONAL SECURITY INTERNATIONAL SECURITY

and European Initiative on Security Studies; or a conference on “The Drone Age: Issues, actors and perspectives”. The KF-VUB Korea Chair organized multiple panels, including a breakfast roundtable on “Where do we stand in inter-Korean relations and with North Korea” and a panel discussion on “The Korean peninsula in flux: Nuclear weapons, trade, peace”. Together with Brookings and the Asan Institute, the KF-VUB Korea Chair also organised a conference in Washington DC on “Trans-Atlantic and trans-Pacific dialogue: Alliances at crossroads.”

TEACHING

Luis Simón taught courses on ‘EU External Relations’ and ‘European Security’. Alexander Mattelaer again taught the courses on ‘Political Structures and Processes of the European Union' and, together with Elie Perot, 'International Security and Strategic Studies' at the VUB. Raluca Csernatoni was in charge of the course ‘European Security and Counter-Terrorism’. The International Security cluster operates at the crossroads of geopolitical analysis, strategic studies and European Studies. In keeping Luis Simón and Daniel Fiott organised the ‘Brussels Programme on European Foreign Policy’ with an increasingly turbulent international landscape, cluster researchers analyse the on-going re-ordering of the European geopolitical and Stephan Klose the ‘SNU in the EU’ summer course, both supported by Paula Cantero. architecture and how it relates to the wider world. In 2019, the work of cluster members was featured in leading journals in International Antonio Calcara taught the courses ‘History of global conflicts and global security’ and ‘Global Relations and Security studies, including the European Journal of International Relations, the Journal of Strategic Studies, Survival, the Perspectives on the history and ideas of peace’. Stephan Klose and Tongfi Kim taught the Journal of Common Market Studies, European Security, etc. course ‘The theory and Practice of International Relations’ and Stephan Klose alone taught ‘Transnational Network Diplomacy and Global Public Policy”. PERSONNEL goodbye to Project Researcher Elke Boers, as well as Skłodowska- Curie Fellows Dr. Jan Claudius Völkel and Dr. Chantal Lavallée. The International Security cluster is headed by Prof. Dr. Luis VISIBILITY Simón, and includes Prof. Dr. Alexander Mattelaer, Prof. Dr. Luk EVENTS The members of the International Security Cluster were prominently visible through their van Langenhove, Prof. Dr. Richard Higgott; Dr. Ramon Pacheco participation in numerous international conferences and lectures, and the publication of Pardo (Korea Chair); Prof. Dr Tongfi Kim; Prof. Dr. Daniel Fiott The International Security cluster organized several multiple policy briefs and commentaries in prestigious outlets such as the German Marshall (Visiting Professor); Dr. Jordan Becker (US Army Fellow in events to stimulate discussion and bring academics and Fund of the United States, Carnegie Europe, the Egmont Institute, War on the Rocks, etc. Their Transatlantic Relations); Dr. Michael Reiterer (Distinguished policymakers together. One of the main highlights of 2019 research and expertise was also featured in international and local media, including outlets Associate Professor); Dr Liviu Horovitz (Postdoctoral Fellow); Dr. was Stephan Klose’s defense of his PhD on “Four Essays from Argentina, Belgium, Chile, the EU, Finland, France, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Stephan Klose (Postdoctoral Researcher); Dr. Raluca Csernatoni on Role Theory's Added Value for IR and EU”. Other relevant South Korea, Spain, UK, and USA. They were featured, amongst others, in 38 North, ABS Radio, (Guest Professor); Dr. Antonio Calcara (Adjunct Professor); and events include a workshop and a public conference on Agenda Pública, BBC, Bloomberg, Daily Mail, De Standaard, El Mundo, El País, Herald, Joongang Young-Hun Kim and Young-In Lee (Visiting Fellows with the “Deterrence in an era of Great Power Competition: Views Ilbo, Knack, Korea Herald, L'Echo, L'Indro, Monocle, Naver, Newspim, Newsweek, NK News, Korea Chair). from Europe and East Asia”; a seminar on “Northeast Asia’s Security Environment: Focus on the Rule of Law Observador, OndaCero, Peace and Prosperity, Perfil, Publimetro, Radio Free Asia, Reuters, In 2019 the cluster also included the following PhD researchers: and Regional Order?”; the “Belgian defence debate” in the RTVE, Spears, TBS, The Diplomat, The Economist, The National Interest, The Straits Times, Asma Akbar, Linde Desmaele, Maximilian Ernst, Stephan Klose lead-up to the Belgian elections, bringing together defence UPI, Verkkouutiset, VG, Vice, Voice of America, VoxEurop.eu, VRT, VUB Today, and Wall Street (now Postdoctoral Fellow), Antonios Nestoras, Elie specialists from different political parties for a lively debate; Journal. They also played an important role supporting the university and policy- Perot, Laura Vansina and Maaike Verbruggen. In a policy workshop on European security and transatlantic makers, including through attending the royal Belgian state visit to South Korea, 40 41 2019, the EL-CSID project came to an end, and we said relations, organised jointly with the NATO Defense College advising several governments and international bodies (including the European Commission and NATO), presenting their research at the European Parliament, and

RESEARCH PORTFOLIO taking part in the VUB Dual-Use Ethics Committee. EUROPEAN ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE

Beyond academia, the cluster is in various steering and programme committees (e.g. EPC), the Commission’s VAT Expert Group and of the WCO’s Working Group on e-commerce. Cluster members were invited to speak by e.g. the Council of Europe, the University of Cambridge, and the EU’s Chief Scientific advisors, and acted as evaluators to H2020 The European Economic Governance cluster works on economic law and policy proposals. and democratic governance along four intertwined lines of research: The digital economy, The greening economy, Governance of the Internet; Governance on MAIN PROJECTS the Internet, Governance of European Economies and Markets. • Rethinking the European Economy, ccology, and their interactions (rECOncile) PERSONNEL TEACHING 2016-2019 In 2019, eleven researchers, nine associates and three The EEG Cluster continued its substantial contributions in European Commission – Jean Monnet Chair visiting researcher contributed to the EEG cluster’s work. the IES educational programmes in managing and teaching • Production of fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuel from wood and other biomass Prof. Dr. Harri Kalimo, and with part time positions Prof. Dr. functions. Marie Lamensch teaches a course in PILC and (BSFJ) Jamal Shahin, Prof. Dr. Marie Lamensch, Prof. Dr. Trisha at the VUB’s Law Faculty, KU Leuven, UC Louvain as well as 2015-2019 Meyer and Dr. Ferran Davesa are senior/post-doctoral the IBFD’s International Tax Academy. Trisha Meyer taught European Commission - FP7 scholars. Ólöf Söebech conducts research on projects, at Vesalius College and the VUB Communication Studies • Participatory platform for sustainable energy management (PARENT) while PhD researchers include Orsolya Gulyás, Max department, and continued to coordinate the IES Summer 2016-2019 Jansson, Klaudia Majcher, Lea Mateo, Diana Potjomkina School on EU Policy-Making. Harri Kalimo continued as the European Commission – JPI Urban Europe (H2020) and Innoviris Brussels and Fausta Todhe. (Senior) associates were Dr. Daniel Director of PILC and (until July) EuroMaster, and is a professor • DESIGNSCAPES: Feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in Brussels Acquah, David Anderson, Dr. Karim Hamza, Prof. Kati of two courses in both the PILC and EuroMaster, and one in 2019 – 2019 Kulovesi, Dr. Andrea Mairate, Dr. Paolo Pasimeni, Dr. Heiko Tampere. He was appointed a professor of law in the Circular European Commission – H2020 Prange-Gstöhl, Jorge Torres and Prof. Ben Van Rompuy. Economy at the University of Eastern Finland (part time). • Evaluating democratic governance in Europe (SRP EDGE II) Nevin Alija, Salla Mikkonen and Marta Ottanelli contributed Jamal Shahin took over the management of the Euromaster 2017-2022 VUB as visiting researchers, Paige Bernecker and Helen Williams programme, and taught two courses. As a Senior Lecturer as interns. in European Studies (tenured, part-time) at the University of • The Contribution of ‘regional’ multistakeholders mechanisms in improving global Amsterdam, he continued to run BA and MA courses and sits governance (GREMLIN) 2017-2021 EVENTS on the Programme Committee. Diana Potjomkina worked as UNU -CRIS | VUB OZR Grant an assistant at Ghent University, and Ferran Davesa taught in The EEG cluster (co-)organised e.g. the second edition of the VUB/IRMO Summer School. EEG conducted interactive • SOLVIT III, IV & V the Trade Defence Instruments (TDI) Expert Conference, 2019 lectures in the IES’ Summer School and were in PhD juries in PARENT project workshops and final conference, and an European Commission – EASME tender Belgium and abroad. The cluster supervised PhD theses in the international colloquium on trade and civil society with the cluster (6), IES (2) and beyond (2). • Freedom of Expression and Addressing Disinformation on the Internet Institut des Amériques (Nouvelle Sorbonne University). The 2019-2020, UNESCO/ITU cluster also hosted six inter-university PhD and post-doc VISIBILITY • Europe Explained. 2019-2022. European Commission: Jean Monnet Module seminar sessions on legal and political theory (“Virtuosi” • Sacrificing Freedom of Expression to Tackle Fake News? series). A ground-breaking approach was used As professors in numerous universities (Amsterdam, 2018-2019, European Parliament: STOA by EEG researchers with Tampere University in Eastern Finland, KU Leuven, Tampere, Turku and UCL), the 42 • EU Explained. 2016-2019, European Commission: Jean Monnet Module 43 the Council Working party on youth policy: the IES cluster professors have permanent visibility in the academia

students chaired the meeting. beyond VUB. RESEARCH PORTFOLIO EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT UNIT EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT UNIT

abroad programme) to a 6-module system (consistent with the rest of the courses), each mirroring one of von der Leyen’s six Commission priorities for 2019-24. A formal change was operated to the course on History and Theories of European Integration whereby the length of the course was extended from a one-semester course to a The Educational Development Unit is the Institute’s hub for excellence in education through innovative teaching and yearlong course. In practice the course will still take place during the first semester of active learning pedagogies, home to the Postgraduate Certificate in EU Policy Making (PGC, blended-learning), the the academic year, but students will be allowed to take the final exam also in the second annual transatlantic EuroSim Model European Union (large-scale simulation game), and in charge of digital learning semester. The rationale behind this is to give more flexibility to students that very often instructional design and professional development, as well as thematic research on teaching and learning. come from across Europe and beyond to reduce their mandatory trips to Brussels from two to one. The long-term strategy however is to replace all in situ exams with online PERSONNEL IES Canvas digital learning infrastructure and manned exams. Finally, 2019 saw the first steps taken towards diversifying the building blocks of the on-site media recording facility. Marion Tomsett the programmes. The structure now includes a number of core courses and electives, The activities of the Educational Development Unit was responsible in 2019 for the smooth administration allowing students to opt for the topics that interest them the most. were carried out in 2019 by Silviu Piros (programme of the PGC in EU Policy Making programme and the management, research and teaching), René Hermens Inter-University Summer School from enrollment to (instructional design and education technology) and graduation, and contributed to the positive student TEACHING EXCELLENCE GRANTS Marion Tomsett (student affairs and registration). Silviu experience both online and on campus. EDU research Piros was in charge of the overall good functioning of the associate Alexandra Mihai continued to provide teaching The EDU runs the IES Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence VOWED – ‘Virtually Excellent: 7th PGC in EU Policy Making by providing appropriate support for the Postgraduate Certificate in EU Policy Opening Europe to the World through Innovative Education’ and the Jean Monnet oversight and managing the various academic aspects Making, specifically for the courses on EU Public Policy Chair EXACT – Explaining EU Action on Counterterrorism with Florian Trauner. In of the programme. His teaching duties to the programme Analysis and European Union Institutions. Finally, EDU 2019 the outputs of these projects continued to be delivered and are available on included as always, the course on History and Theories associate Mihalis Kritikos provided teaching support their respective project websites. Two additional projects, namely the Jean Monnet of European Integrations in the first semester, and for the course on EU Decision-making and Law for the Modules (ECONDIS and NEXT EU) kicked-off in 2019 and the EDU will play its part in European Union Foreign affairs in the second semester. same programme. implementing and bringing an innovative angle to their outputs. As TACEUSS Faculty Advisor for the VUB, Silviu was in charge of delivering the EuroSim module and organising TEACHING AND DIGITAL LEARNING the study trip for the IES delegation of students in New DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH ACTIVITIES York in March 2019. Silviu’s project portfolio consisted in 2019 of the Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence The cluster’s core programme – the Postgraduate Silviu Piros continued his work on teaching and learning effectiveness and innovation, (VOWED) and Jean Monnet Chair (EXACT), both in their Certificate in EU Policy Making – consists of five online as well as the role and relevance of the EU higher education policy, producing two second year of implementation. He was also involved courses and the inter-university summer school. In publications in 2019, a peer-reviewed journal article and a chapter in an edited in the successful acquisition of two new Jean Monnet 2019 a number of both smaller and more consistent volume (full titles are available in the publications list). Furthermore, Silviu was co- Modules: ECONDIS with Sven Van Kerckhoven and EU changes were operated both at course and programme opted in 2019 as European Commission and European Training Foundation expert NEXT with Trisha Meyer. René Hermens provided in levels. A number of courses saw content changes on Vocational Education and Training (VET) and invited to speak at a number of 2019 instructional support for the Institute’s teaching and adjustments to reflect the changing nature of the conferences and workshops, and notably the Eastern Partnership Regional Forum in staff focusing on facilitating and diversifying EU policy-making agenda itself. Namely, the teaching October 2019. Silviu was also the Teaching and Learning Politics Section pedagogical methods for both on campus and structure of the course on European Public Policy Chair for the ECPR General Conference in Wrocław, in September 2019, as 44 blended learning courses. He was in charge of Analysis was reshaped from a 12-week policy-area focus well as presenter at the World Innovation Summit on Education (WISE) in 45 the good functioning and development of the (that once catered to the needs of the US Hendrix study Doha, in November 2019. RESEARCH PORTFOLIO EDUCATION

Education is a core component of the IES' strategy. Formally, the Institute is required to issue an average of 50 diplomas per year for its two Master-after-Master Programmes, which the IES has achieved since its inception. Moreover the Insti- tute delivers a blended learning Postgraduate Certificate pro- gramme, organises an annual Summer School on European Sven Van Kerckhoven Vice-Dean for Education Policy-Making and a SNU Summer Training Programme, takes part in a transatlantic Model European Union (EuroSim) and offers a vari- ety of digital learning modules and executive trainings.

EDUCATION - STRATEGIC GOALS

LL.M IN INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW ADVANCED MASTER IN EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (EUROMASTER)

Delivering 50 diplomas per year on average (as required by Government Agreement) while paying attention to quality control; In 2018-2019, 21 students graduated from our LLM programme and 19 from our EuroMaster programme (total: 40). With 34 enrolled students in our LLM programme and 72 in EuroMaster in the academic year 2019-20, the number of graduates continues to follow the increasing trend that set in a few years ago. Ensuring attractiveness of programmes (through programme reviews, enhanced recruitment, quality control, etc.); After the reform of its EuroMaster curriculum, whereby the programme was adapted so as to closely align with the IES research structure by offering students the opportunity to specialise in 2 EU policy areas, the IES also updated the curriculum of its LLM programme in 2018, to which a Data Law specialisation option was added. Being one of the first LLM programmes in the world to offer this option, the IES’ PILC programme lives up to its reputation of frontrunner in legal education. In 2019, there were no significant curriculum changes in EuroMaster or LLM. A significant development in 2019, however, was the appointment of IES Research Professor Jamal Shahin as Programme Director of the EuroMaster programme.

47 TEACHING PORTFOLIO EDUCATION STRATEGIC GOALS LLM INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW

Ensuring financial viability (through increase in tuition fees, search for external funding, etc.); In 2019 the IES had a very successful year in terms of search for external funding. Non-governmental funding amounts to 59% of the IES’ total funding (50% in 2016, 53% in 2017, and 61% in 2018). Enhancing the link between research and teaching (through the development of courses within research clusters and themes that can be offered in the curriculum); In 2018-19, the IES developed two online courses that are now offered as elective courses in its blended-learning Postgraduate Certificate programme: the EU Justice and Home Affairs course and the Terrorism and Counter- terrorism in Europe course. Investigate the development of Executive Master programmes and Research Master programmes at the IES; Ensuring excellence in education by continuously developing innovative teaching pedagogies and active learning formats. In 2018 the IES managed to bring new active learning formats to our traditional educational portfolio and further expand its digital and blended-learning offerings. It hosted a Model European Union and designed a new postgraduate certificate to complement the existing one, and jointly built the blocks for the Institute’s first AIMS, OBJECTIVES AND DEVELOPMENTS online master programme, expected to be operational in 2021. The LLM in International and European Law of the IES (“PILC”) has over its 47 Digital learning training for the Institute’s teaching staff year long history educated almost 1300 law graduates from 108 countries. In the past year, we built the foundations for continuous professional development by designing and developing The programme is tailored for demanding global careers in law, as the an online course on educational design. Topics range from learning goals to assessment and feedback, and profiles of its outstanding alumni demonstrate. PILC continues to build on its from designing authentic teaching activities to the use of multimedia and tools for interactivity. impressive legacy and the very positive reviews it has received at international and Flemish levels. There is clearly demand for broad, cutting edge education IES SUMMER SCHOOL & POSTGRADUATE CERTIFICATE on main areas of European and international law. At the international level, the shift in the American leadership, and the ensuing crumbling of the multilateral Annual organisation of the IES Summer School and (at least one) Postgraduate Certificate; developing world order, can be witnessed in for example the climate negotiations and the pedagogical expertise and exploiting research capacity to further develop educational offers; regular review crippling developments at the WTO and its Dispute Settlement System. The of contents and consider transforming Postgraduate programmes into Executive Masters; EU is building an ambitious strategic plan in response to the challenges, with themes such as a Green Deal, a stronger EU in the world and an Economy that Both the Summer School & Postgraduate Certificate in EU Policy Making were organised in 2018-19. 29 students Works for People in the making. (13 Summer School and 16 Postgraduate Certificate participants) attended the Summer School in 2019, which was organised for the 16th time. The theme of the Summer School was changed to ‘Human Security in the EU’. PILC maintains a close eye on these trends, while it also remains vigilant in the 16 students completed the Postgraduate Certificate in the 2018-19 academic year. stiffening global competition for postgraduate law students. The Programme indeed frames the challenging environment as an asset: in Brussels, students E-learning modules: updating of platform (2016); integration into existing programmes. can be offered an unparalleled combination of knowledge, skills and networks As reported in previous years, a new state-of-the-art e-learning platform (Canvas) was taken into service in to deal with the uncertainties of the European and global future. In close 2016. This platform was subsequently integrated into our Study Abroad Programme, in the shape of an collaboration with the communications team of the IES, PILC continued EU online course on European Public Policy Analysis jointly taken by Postgraduate Certificate and Study to successfully respond to these tendencies with a record number

48 TEACHING PORTFOLIO Abroad students. Further courses were prepared in 2017, and the platform was also introduced to the 49 PILC and Euromaster students. LLM INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW (PILC) LLM INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW (PILC)

COMPULSORY COURSES of applications for 2019-2020. The interaction amongst the students and COURSE LECTURER Programme also consolidated the professors – creating a bond that specialisation option on Data law in its lasts. The alumni and professors offer EU Institutional Framework Prof. Dirk Arts, Prof. Youri Devuyst curriculum, with very positive feedback the students a wide global network to and Judicial Protection from the students. enter future careers. International and Prof. Ricardo Gosalbo Bono, Prof. Comparative Law Stefaan Smis PROGRAMME STAFF Globalisation, International PILC maintains its vision of offering a Excellence in teaching is a core Law & Sustainable Prof. Servaas van Thiel truly international group of lawyers a part of the Programme’s vision. The Development On 12 December 2019, the students from demanding, carefully designed LLM dedicated PILC staff offers student- International and European Prof. Serge Gutwirth IES’ LLM International and European Law programme that combines essential centric education of the highest quality Protection of Human Rights (PILC) had the unique opportunity to areas of European and international law. in an environment characterized by chair a Council Working Party, as a part The curriculum consists of compulsory intensive interactions, critical thinking EU Economic Law Prof. Tony Joris of the ALLYOUTH research project that IES courses, three specialisation options and a convivial atmosphere. The IES International Economic Law researchers Ferran Davesa, Jamal Shahin Prof. Frank Hoffmeister (Business Law, Data Law and Public staff teaching in the programme in and Organisations and Harri Kalimo have been contributing Law) and a Master’s thesis on a subject 2018-2019 were professors de Gucht, to over the past two years. International and EU of the student’s choice. Kalimo, Lamensch and Oberthür. Prof Prof. Ben Smulders Kalimo continued as the Director of the Competition Law PILC maintains also the philosophy programme (Prof. Joris Co-Director), of a limited class size to ensure high EU External Relations Prof. Karel De Gucht assisted by Marleen Van Impe as the

OPTIONAL COURSES LLM STUDENTS ACCORDING TO LLM STUDENTS ACCORDING TO Public Law Option Business Law Option Data Law Option GENDER SPECIALISATION OPTION COURSE LECTURER COURSE LECTURER COURSE LECTURER 2019-2020 2019-2020 Prof. Harri Case Study International Kalimo, Case Study on Public and European Prof. Christopher Prof. on European Prof. Tony Joris International/ Data Protection Kuner Sebastian Competition Law EU Law Law Our LLM students with Prof. Tony Joris and Oberthür LLM Student Secretary Mrs Marleen Van 40% 35% 33% EU Prof. Harri Impe, visited the Council of the European Environmental Kalimo, European and Data Policies in Prof. Arnaud Prof. Gloria Union where they met Prof. Petr Blizkovsky, Law in an Prof. International the European 60% Nuyts Gonzalez Fuster Director Agriculture (SCA) and Social International Sebastian Private Law Union Policy at Council of the EU. 32% Context Oberthür

Case Study on International Prof. Paul International and Prof. Marie Global Privacy Prof. Joris Van and European de Hert European Taxation Lamensch and Data Hoboken Male Female Business option Data option Public option Criminal Law Protection

TEACHING PORTFOLIO MASTER THESIS LLM INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW (PILC) MSC EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (EUROMASTER)

Programme Secretary. Dr. Carlos Soria, who holds a PhD In the academic year 2018-2019, 21 students graduated from the IES, was nominated to a part time role in assisting from the programme. 5 students graduated with the grade the programme management. greatest distinction, 8 with great distinction, 6 with distinction and 2 with satisfaction. 4 graduates obtained the grade Summa Cum Laude from their theses, which entitled them to STUDENTS the Outstanding Master Thesis Award. Speeches by student The PILC students’ year 2018-2019 started off by the representative Alessandra Calvi and EuroMaster Alumnae traditional visit to a Press briefing at the heart of the Queenie Swerts from the National Bank of Belgium were part Commission, the Berlaymont. The visit was hosted by PILC of the memorable graduation ceremony in July 2019. Professor Smulders (Head of Cabinet 1st Vice President As for the starting 2019-20 cohort, 34 students enrolled, Timmermans), with whom the students engaged in a lively representing 22 countries. 14 come from the EU, the rest NEW EUROMASTER DIRECTOR discussion after the briefing. from other European countries, South-America, Africa and Professor Kalimo was the acting Co-director (together with Prof. Marc Jegers), The PILC field trip to the Court of Justice of the EU took place Asia. The academic year was opened by an Inaugural lecture since the summer of 2013 and was coordinating the programme until July 2019. on 12 February 2019. The students were invited after the oral by IES President, former Trade Commissioner Karel De Gucht. The new Programme Director, Professor Jamal Shahin was officially nominated to hearing of the Court to the traditional, exclusive talk and lunch replace him at that time. by CJEU President Koen Lenaerts. The group was joined LLM STUDENTS ACCORDING TO GEOGRAPHICAL SPREAD in the lunch also by a PILC alumnus serving at the bench 2019-2020 of the Court, the Irish judge Eugene Regan. These types of PROGRAMME moments offer inspiring insights in some of the most thrilling legal careers there are, and show how the Programme Our EuroMaster programme has been tailored to give international students helps in preparing them. The students’ career development and professionals the opportunity to combine studies on European Integration was complemented by lunches with PILC alumni of diverse with their professional activities. Lectures are organised in the evenings and the profiles, and with meetings in the VUB career services. programme can be completed over either one or two years. An exciting novelty this academic year was the opportunity The programme comprises 60 ECTS and starts with a common core of courses to take part in the “EuroSIM” simulation game on the EU’s on the essential features of European Integration and research skill development. Ordinary Legislative Procedure. The event was arranged by Bangladesh Belgium Cameroon China Finland Germany After this, students can choose two options out of four specialisation streams, Greece India Iran Ireland Japan Mexico/Spain over 20 European and American Universities and took place in Economics, Environment, Migration and Security. The programme ends with a Mexico Nigeria Pakistan Poland Romania Spain 15,000-word thesis worth 15 ECTS, allowing the students to engage in an exciting in New York City. Four PILC students had the opportunity to Gambia Turkey Uganda Venezuela take part in this exciting trip. intellectual journey on the topic of their choice. TEACHING PORTFOLIO

LLM graduation ceremony MSC EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (EUROMASTER) MSC EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (EUROMASTER)

COMPULSORY COURSES COURSE LECTURER EUROMASTER STUDENTS ACCORDING STUDENTS EUROMASTER STUDENTS ACCORDING TO GENDER ACADEMIC YEAR 2019-2020 TO GENDER 2019-2020 Economics of the European Union Prof. Caroline Buts A total of 19 students graduated from the 2018-2019 Programme. The EuroMaster Policymaking and Interest Representation in the EU Prof. Jamal Shahin Programme has always boasted a versatile,

History and Law of the European Union Prof. Youri Devuyst international selection of students from all 24% around the world, and taken into account Research Methods Lab Prof. Jamal Shahin a balanced representation of geographic regions, including, when possible, the legal advancement of developing countries. SPECIALISATION OPTIONS European Economy Migration and Europe For the academic year 2019-2020, 72 students were enrolled in the Programme. 76% COURSE LECTURER COURSE LECTURER 42 new students started, and 30 students European Monetary and Fiscal Prof. Leo Van Hove, Prof. Loïc Diversity Policies in the EU Prof. Ilke Adam re-enrolled from previous academic years Policy Debels to continue their part-time studies. Out EU Internal Market & Prof. Ilke Adam, Prof. Florian of the 42 new students, 7 opted for the Prof. Harri Kalimo European Immigration Policy male female Competition Policy Trauner Economy & Migration combination, 5 European External Relations and Security Policy European Environmental Governance for Economy & Security, 6 for Economy EUROMASTER STUDENTS ACCORDING COURSE LECTURER COURSE LECTURER & Environment, 5 for Migration & TO GEOGRAPHICAL SPREAD Environment, 14 for Security & Migration 2019-2020 European Security and Counter The Greening of the European Prof. Raluca Csernatoni Prof. Harri Kalimo terrorism Economy and finally 5 for the Environment & Security combination. European Climate and Energy European External Relations Prof. Luis Simon Navarro Prof. Sebastian Oberthür Governance Of the 30 who re-enrolled 4 opted for MASTER THESIS European Politics & Social Integration, 5 for Economy & Environment, 2 for Economy & Migration, 4 for Economy & Security, 2 for Environment & Security, 3 for Migration & Environment, 10 for Security & Migration.

55 TEACHING PORTFOLIO

Graduation of EuroMaster students, July 2019 POSTGRADUATE CERTIFICATE IN EU POLICY-MAKING JEAN MONNET SUMMER SCHOOL

ON EU POLICY-MAKING CHARACTERISTICS AND combines the asynchronous aspects OBJECTIVES of online learning with interactive assignments and live webinars. For the 16th time, the IES joined forces with The Postgraduate Certificate (PGC) in Moreover, each student is assigned a the Diplomatische Akademie Wien – Vienna EU Policy Making combines five online tutor, ready to guide him or her through School of International Studies Vienna and courses with the Inter-University the learning process. The courses the University of Vienna to organise the Inter- Summer School on EU Policy Making, are complemented by a two-week University Summer School on EU Policy- using blended learning pedagogies. interactive Inter-University Summer Making. The intensive two-week programme This academic programme aims School on EU Policy Making, which was held one week in Brussels and one week to provide students and young takes place in July (see separate in Vienna from Monday 1st to Friday 12th July professionals with sound knowledge section for further details). 2019. Postgraduate Certificate and on the history and theories of PGC and Summer School students, in Summer School study visit, July 2019 European integration, the functioning DEVELOPMENTS & STUDENT Packed with interactive seminars and study Vienna, July 2019 of the main EU institutions and their STATISTICS IN 2019 visits, the summer school attracts students role in the decision-making process, and young professionals who wish to broaden the principles and characteristics of In 2019, fifteen students from five their knowledge of the European institutions, EU law, and the main aspects of EU European countries, and one non- European law and the European decision- internal and external policies. European country graduated with a making process in general. The online courses run from Postgraduate Certificate in EU Policy September to May, covering the Making. Furthermore 20 students Thematically, human security in today’s EU following topics: from nine EU countries, and one was in the spotlight. We offered participants non-EU country are enrolled in the insights into several aspects of security, • History and Theories of European Programme in the academic year including security in its traditional sense Integration (4 ECTS) 2019-2020. (such as defence, justice, home affairs) but • European Union Institutions (4 also from a societal perspective (such as ECTS) STAFF climate change, migration, inclusion). PGC and Summer School students in Postgraduate Certificate and • EU Decision Making and Law In terms of human resources, the The first week in Brussels emphasised the Summer School study visit, July 2019 Vienna, July 2019 (4ECTS) Head of Programme Silviu Piros various decision-making actors and key • European Union Public Policy managed the academic aspects of policy areas of the European Union, while also Analysis (4 ECTS) the programme as well as curriculum looking at issues on governance, participation • European Union Foreign Affairs development (together with EDU and legitimacy. Lectures, discussions and (4ECTS) associate researchers and invited exercises facilitated by academics and experts), while Student Registration practitioners were complemented with study The blended learning approach Officer Marion Tomsett handled the visits to EU institutions and the House of designed and perfected by the administration of the programme. European History. IES’ Educational Development Unit 56 57 TEACHING PORTFOLIO JEAN MONNET SUMMER SCHOOL ON EU POLICY-MAKING BRUSSELS PROGRAMME ON EUROPEAN FOREIGN POLICY

CHARACTERISTICS AND OBJECTIVES current priorities, and the Head of Operational The second week in Vienna built on We also held a public event, open Preparedness who discussed challenges for the first week and offered in-depth to summer school alumni and From 3 June to 5 July, the International Security NATO’s operational planning. knowledge on EU policy-making in a other externals. We screened the cluster hosted the eleventh edition of the number of fields. It also opened up documentary “Once the Sea was Brussels Programme on European Foreign to EU foreign relations. Lectures and Covered with Water” and discussed Policy with students from the University of PROGRAMME interactive exchanges with experts the impact of EU decision-making Southern California (USC). The programme ran The programme’s opening was kicked-off with were complemented with visits to the on the island of Lampedusa and the for a duration of five weeks and was led by Prof. an orientation visit at the IES and on the VUB United Nations, the Austrian Mission to migration emergency at Europe's Dr. Luis Simon and Prof. Dr. Daniel Fiott, and campus followed by a reception lunch. In the the UN in Vienna, the EU Fundamental borders. coordinated by Ms. Paula Cantero Dieguez and afternoon, the students were welcomed by their Rights Agency and the EU Delegation to Ms. Marion Tomsett. PGC and Summer School students in the UN in Vienna. The Inter-University Summer School internship hosts where they spent the rest of the the European Commission, July 2019 on European Union Policy-Making week getting to know the working environment. Throughout the two weeks, the is a Jean Monnet Module and is DEVELOPMENTS IN 2019 From the second week on, the students summer school participants simulated made possible with the support of attended two-hour lectures in the mornings and (renewed) negotiations on humanitarian the Erasmus+ Programme of the In 2019, 17 USC students participated in went to their internships in the afternoons. The visas within and between the European European Union. In 2019, Marion the summer programme which included intensive lectures started with an introduction Commission, Council and Parliament. Tomsett and Trisha Meyer jointly intensive lectures on European foreign and to the European Union’s history, integration and The aim of the simulation exercise coordinated the programme. security policy taught by policy-makers and foreign policy. The following week provided a was to gain in-depth knowledge of EU professors from leading universities, and part- view on European security challenges, migration decision-making procedures and logic time internships. The students took internship and EU-UN relations. Week four focused on EU’s on a human security related policy file. positions at Brussels-based think-tanks, response to Brexit, cyber security challenges and international organisations, associations, law hybrid threats, as well as NATO’s response to PGC and Summer School students in firms, consultancies, media companies and Brussels, July 2019 conventional and emerging security challenges. private organisations. A few examples are The final week covered EU and international Egmont Institute, Airbus Group, Elcano Royal trade, the transatlantic relationship and EU’s Institute, Atlantic Treaty Association, Network external environmental policy. The programme of Universities from the Capitals of Europe was completed with submission of a course (UNICA), European Centre for International essay, an in-class exam, and the students Political Economy (ECIPE), Sidley Austin, received certificates of participation. Young & Global Partners, International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) and Centre for European Reform. To enrich the academic experiences, the students went on study trips to the European Parliament and NATO. They spent a full morning at NATO, sitting Jean Monnet Summer School students visiting Council, July 2019 in on presentations by the Programme Officer 58 for the United States who spoke about NATO’s USC students visiting NATO, Brussels TEACHING PORTFOLIO COMPLETED PhD PROJECTS COMPLETED PhD PROJECTS

SARA SILVESTRE MAX JANSSON CARLA MASCIA STEPHAN KLOSE PhD in Political Science, March PhD in Law, August 2019 PhD in Political PhD in Political 2019 Science, August Science, November On 24 August, IES and University 2019 2019 IES researcher Sara Silvestre of Turku Joint-PhD candidate successfully defended her PhD Max Jansson defended his On 28 August 2019, In his dissertation, thesis entitled ‘Understanding the doctoral thesis publicly on the Ms. Carla Mascia defended on 14 Negotiation Behaviour of Member legal aspects of PPMs in interstate successfully defended November 2019, States in the Council of the EU: The Case of the Asylum trade at the University of Turku. In his work, Jansson her PhD on the implementation of Stephan addresses two shortcomings Procedures Directive’. It was a double PhD between examined specifically the environmental PPM-criteria (family) migration policies. It was a in the role theory literature – role the IES (supervisor Prof. Florian Trauner) and ISCTE – on renewable energy implemented by the EU Member joint PhD between IES, Vrije Universiteit theory’s conceptual ambiguity and the The University Institute of Lisbon (supervisors Profs. States and U.S. states from the perspective of rules Brussel and GERME, Université Libre lack of engagement of role theorists in Robert Ladrech and João Miguel de Carvalho). While on free trade. Jansson argued that under WTO law, de Bruxelles, co-supervised by Prof. Ilke relevant disciplinary debates – which the private defence took place at the VUB, the official EU free movement law and U.S. constitutional law, Adam (IES-VUB) and Prof. Andrea Rea together have obscured role theory’s one was organised in Lisbon on 29 March 2019. PPM-criteria can indeed be adopted both for in-state (GERME, ULB). Further members of the value for the study of international Headed by IES professor Ilke Adam in Brussels and production and imported goods, as long as the criteria jury were: Prof. Dirk Jacobs (ULB), Prof. affairs. Headed by IES Vice-Dean for Prof. Pedro Adão e Silva in Lisbon, the jury consisted of are carefully designed. Max’s findings and conclusions Florian Trauner (VUB), Prof. Dirk Jacobs Research Prof. Alexander Mattelaer, Natascha Zaun (LSE), Catherine Moury (Universidade provide valuable insights to stakeholders that design (ULB), Prof. Saskia Bonjour (University Stephan’s jury consisted of his Nova, Lisbon), and Helge Jorgens (ISCTE Lisbon). and apply sustainability criteria and programs on of Amsterdam) and Prof. Sylvie Saroléa supervisor Prof. Luis Simon (IES), Prof. Awarding a ‘distinction’, the jury unanimously praised essential products such as biofuels or electricity from (Université Catholique de Louvain). Stephanie Hofmann (Graduate Institute the quality of Sara’s work, which offers up-to-date renewable resources.The PhD defense started with Carla Mascia observed the decision- Geneva), Prof. Caterina Carta (Vesalius insights into the negotiation strategies of member an introductory speech by Jansson, followed by an making processes within the Belgian College), Prof. Luk Van Langenhove (IES) states in the field of EU asylum policy. opening statement by professor Gareth Davies (Vrije immigration office and demonstrates, and Dr. Michael Reiterer (Ambassador Universiteit Amsterdam). Prof. Davies concluded that amongst others, how working conditions, of the European Union to the Republic the book formed a comprehensive analysis on a topic sometimes more than the law, determine of Korea). of great significance for trade law. the bureaucrats’ decisions.

THE IES IS PROUD TO CONGRATULATE NO LESS THAN 4 PhD GRADUATES IN 2019.

61 TEACHING PORTFOLIO PUBLICATIONS

2019 PUBLICATIONS AT A GLANCE

• Books and special issues: 2 • Book chapters: 19 • Articles in scientific journals with international peer review: 20 • Articles in scientific journals without international peer review: 5 • Papers presented at conferences: 33 • All other publications aimed at the scientific community: 25 • Commissioned research and policy work: 21 • Newspaper op-eds and online commentary: 14 PUBLICATIONS

63 POLICY BRIEFS & PAPERS POLICY BRIEFS & PAPERS

IES POLICY BRIEFS KF-VUB KOREA CHAIR POLICY BRIEFS

1. GOVTRAN Briefing Paper: Energy Cooperation between the EU and 1. Moon’s Quest for Permanent Peace Switzerland – Partners by Destiny in Search of a New Model Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Philipp Thaler 2. Doi moi and the February 2019 Trump-Kim Summit in Hanoi 2. The Nexus between Migration and Development in EU External Maximilian Ernst Action: No Quick Fix 3. US Forces Korea in the balance: Time to go home? Alexandra Berger Linde Desmaele 3. Sustainable reintegration: identikit of a popular policy objective 4. Can Donald Trump save South Korea-Japan relations? Rossella Marino & Ine Lietaert Dr. Tongfi Kim 4. The Case for Public Investment in the EU 5. The global 5G race: South Korea speeds ahead Paolo Pasimeni Paula Cantero Dieguez 5. The EU’s Fight Against Transnational Crime in the Sahel 6. Getting Back to Singapore, US-North Korea Relations on the Eva Magdalena Stambøl Anniversary of the First Trump-Kim Summit 6. Science, technology and innovation diplomacy: a way forward for Dr. John Delury Europe 7. South Korea’s Cybersecurity and International Cooperation Jos Leijten Rasmus Eriksson 7. How does the LULUCF Regulation affect EU Member States’ forest 8. South Korea and NATO: A push for deepening of the cooperation management? Riccardo Villa Seita Romppanen 9. President Moon's North Korea policy: mid-term results 8. (In)visible generations: from integration to equality Young-hun Kim IES Policy Briefs, launched in 2012, Laura Westerveen & Maryna Manchenko are timely, concise and policy- 10. Time for the EU to Rethink ‘Critical Engagement’ 9. The EU policy for civil drones: the challenge of governing emerging Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo relevant publications. They are technologies geared towards policy-makers Chantal Lavallée 11. Unpacking ‘Peace through strength’ and other interested public. They Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo are available for download on our website. Hard copies are provided at IES events and on request. We also distribute Policy Briefs to our networks including the relevant PUBLICATIONS Committees of the Flemish, Belgian and European Parliaments. 65 KOREA CHAIR REPORTS OTHER REPORTS

KF-VUB KOREA CHAIR REPORTS OTHER REPORTS WITH THE CONTRIBUTION OF IES' EXPERTS

1. Survey analysis: One year after the Singapore summit 1. Metals for Climate Neutral Europe Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Dr. Tongfi Kim, Linde Desmaele, Maximilian Ernst Tomas Wyns, Gauri Khandekar 2. Injuries in the DPRK: The Looming Epidemic 2. A net-zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions-Belgium 2050 Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Dr. Kee B. Park, Maximilian Ernst, Eliana Kim Pieter Boussemaere, Jan Cools, Michel De Paepe, Cathy Macharis, 3. One year after the Singapore summit: an analysis of the views of the publics of the US, China, Erik Mathijs, Bart Muys, Karel Van Acker, Han Vandevyvere, Arne van Japan and Russia about the situation in the Korean Peninsula Stiphout, Frank Venmans, Kris Verheyen, Pascal Vermeulen, Sara Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Dr. Tongfi Kim, Linde Desmaele, Maximilian Ernst Vicca, Tomas Wyns 4. Moon Jae-in’s Policy Towards Multilateral Institutions: Continuity and Change in South Korea’s 3. Industrial Transformation 2050: Towards an Industrial strategy for a Global Strategy Climate Neutral Europe Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Dr. Tongfi Kim, Linde Desmaele, Maximilian Ernst, Paula Cantero Tomas Wyns, Gauri Khandekar, Matilda Axelson, Oliver Sartor, Dieguez, Riccardo Villa Karsten Neuhoff 4. Regulating disinformation with Artificial Intelligence (AI). The effects of disinformation initiatives on freedom of expression and media pluralism Christopher T. Marsden, Trisha Meyer PUBLICATIONS

66 67 MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

1. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : China 9. Tomas Wyns : Is er nog plaats voor Moon mission lands spacecraft onze chemie? (starting at 26:30) 29 January 2019 in: De Standaard 3 January 2019 in: BBC Newshour 10. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : European 2. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Senior companies are preparing to invest North Korean diplomat in Italy in the opening of North Korea missing, believed to have defected: (Interview in Korean) NIS 31 January 2019 in: Radio Free 3 January 2019 in: NK News Asia 3. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Seoul dips 11. Tomas Wyns : Zal de Europese its toe in the Indo-Pacific Unie de opwarming van de aarde 5 January 2019 in: East Asia tegenhouden? Forum 5 February 2019 in: Knack 4. Tongfi Kim : U.S. Trans-Pacific 12. Tomas Wyns : Alleen de and Trans-Atlantic alliances: A twintigers, dertigers en veertigers aomparison van vandaag kunnen de 6 January 2019 in: Georgetown klimaatopwarming stoppen Journal of International Affairs 5 February 2019 in: De Morgen 5. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Former 13. Tomas Wyns : Klimaatbetoog North Korean diplomat urges 7 February 2019 in: Canvas missing colleague in Italy to go to 14. Leo Van Hove : Groen geld gezocht South Korea, not U.S. 7 February 2019 in: Trends 7 January 2019 in: Reuters 15. Leo Van Hove : Betalen voor 6. Tomas Wyns : Antwerpse geldafhaling? "Mensen beseffen havenchemie vindt haar tweede niet dat cash voor de samenleving adem in feite heel duur betaalmiddel is" 19 January 2019 in: De Standaard 8 February 2019 in: De Wereld 7. Maaike Verbruggen : Autonomous Vandaag on Radio 1 weapons and the new laws of war 16. Tomas Wyns : “Natúurlijk kan je 19 January 2019 in: The als kiezer het verschil maken”: Uw Economist klimaatvragen beantwoord door IES IN THE MEDIA 8. Tomas Wyns : Het heeft geen expert Tomas Wyns zin om van het klimaatbeleid een 8 February 2019 in: De ideologische splijtzwam te maken Morgen 69 26 January 2019 in: VRT NWS MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019 MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

17. Leo Van Hove : Bpost Bank maakt bocht na kritiek 27 February 2019 in: Newsweek 28 February 2019 in: Ondacero 1 March 2019 in: Perfil 9 February 2019 in: De Standaard 26. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : VIDEO: Najprv zúrivosť. Teraz 33. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Asemiehet 41. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : A 18. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Moon aims to lock-In sa Trump Kimovi zalieča tunkeutuivat Pohjois-Korean discussion of Trump, North Korea diplomacy with North Korea 27 February 2019 in: Správy Pravda lähetystöön and East Asia 11 February 2019 in: National Interest 28 February 2019 in: verkkouutiset. 4 March 2019 in: Monocle 27. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Spain investigating alleged fi 19. Tomas Wyns : Ja, het klimaat is nog te redden incident at North Korean embassy in Madrid 42. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Juego de 11 February 2019 in: De Tijd 27 February 2019 in: NK News 34. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : No deal in espías en la embajada norcoreana Hanoi as Trump bails on summit asaltada en Madrid 20. Luis Simon : What is Europe's place in Sino-American 28. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Trump y Kim llegan a Hanói with North Korea: "Sometimes you 4 March 2019 in: El Mundo competition? para su segunda cumbre sobre la desnuclearización have to walk" 14 February 2019 in: War on the Rocks norcoreana 43. Florian Trauner : A Bruxelles si parla 28 February 2019 in: News Vide 27 February 2019 in: Elpais di immigrazione ma Salvini non c'è 21. Matilda Axelson : Towards a climate neutral industrial 35. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Interview (di nuovo). È un problema? strategy in Europe 29. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : US and North Korea: Will with EuroNews 7 March 2019 in: Euronews 18 February 2019 in: Foresight Climate & Energy there be a breakthrough? 28 February 2019 in: EuroNews 27 February 2019 in: TRT World 44. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North 22. Matilda Axelson : Good policies will allow heavy 36. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Trump e Korea has restarted work on ICBM industry to drive a European clean energy economy 30. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Todo Noticias - Mañana - Kim. Uma cimeira interrompida a production site, report says 18 February 2019 in: Foresight Climate & Energy "Habrá una cumbre más entre Trump y Kim Jong-un meio - como aconteceu 7 March 2019 in: News Vice antes de las elecciones" 23. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : US and North Korea: Will 1 March 2019 in: Observador 28 February 2019 in: RTVE 45. Gauri Khandekar : Carbon leakage: there be a breakthrough? 37. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Llegó la What challenges for energy- 25 February 2019 in: TRT 31. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Todo antes de la cumbre hora de Moon intensive industries under the EU's de Trump y Kim: roban cuatro computadores de la 24. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Ramon Pacheco Pardo on 1 March 2019 in: El País decarbonisation roadmap? embajada de Corea del Norte en España the second Trump-Kim Summit at Hanoi 8 March 2019 in: EURACTIV 28 February 2019 in: Publimetro 38. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 27 February 2019 in: BBC Computer in der nordkoreanischen 46. Tomas Wyns : Klimaat en de 32. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Ramón Pacheco: "Las 25. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Computers in North Korean Botschaft, wo der Top Trump-Kim eetstraat exigencias de las dos partes han interrumpido las Embassy where to Trump-Kim summit negotiator Gipfelverhandler gearbeitet hat, 11 March 2019 in: De Afspraak negociaciones" worked stolen in lead up to summit gestohlen im Vorfeld des Gipfels. (Canvas) 1 March 2019 in: Tekk 47. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Waging 39. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : El diálogo peace with North Korea nuclear EE UU-Corea del Norte 11 March 2019 in: The National busca una vía para continuar Interest

IES IN THE MEDIA 1 March 2019 in: El País 48. Matilda Axelson and Ólöf 40. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Trump Söebech : Meeting the call llama ‘muy sustanciales’ las of the youth: Governing the 71 negociaciones con Norcorea transition towards a climate- MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019 MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

neutral Europe “유럽 핵폐기 경험, 북 비핵화 기여할 것” 9 May 2019 in: De Morgen: Polspoel 29 May 2019 in: De Tijd 18 March 2019 in: Euractiv 28 March 2019 in: RFA & Desmet 78. Leo Van Hove : La technologie ne 49. Leo Van Hove : Week van de deeleconomie' (Week of 60. Leo Van Hove : De vraag naar grote bankbiljetten heeft 71. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North doit pas être visible, elle doit avant the sharing economy) weinig te maken met dagdagelijkse betalingen Korea fires two suspected short- tout fonctionner 18 March 2019 in: BRUZZ radio 4 April 2019 in: Knack Range missiles 3 June 2019 in: L'Echo 9 May 2019 in: The Wall Street 50. Sebastian Oberthür : Delay on climate action exposes 61. Leo Van Hove : Waar zijn alle briefjes van 500 euro? 79. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Mogherini Journal rift between EU States 4 April 2019 in: Lecture, Universiteit van Vlaanderen at Shangri-la: A changing EU policy 25 March 2019 in: Courthouse News Service 72. Tomas Wyns : Hoe België in 2050 towards North Korea? 62. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Sweden seeks to tap into koolstofvrij kan worden 3 June 2019 in: NK News-North 51. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea’s North Korea’s renewable energy potential 11 May 2019 in: De Standaard Korea News denuclearization: Is there a role for Europe? 4 April 2019 in: Korea Herald 26 March 2019 in: 38 North 73. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : South 80. Paolo Pasimeni : Europe's Green 63. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Postcard from Seoul: What Korea is key to improving Asia’s surge matters more than the rise of 52. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 하노이 회담 이후 유럽 대북 입장 Brexit Britain can learn from South Korea financial safety net the far right (라몬) | 김어준의 뉴스공장 8 April 2019 in: Spears 16 May 2019 in: The Diplomat 5 June 2019 in: Financial Times 26 March 2019 in: tbs 64. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea sanctions loom 74. Florian Trauner & Rossella Marino: 81. Leo Van Hove : De toekomst van 53. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 文대통령, 벨기에 국왕과 국빈 over Trump-Moon summit Europe's far-right - united in betalen: is cash uitgespeeld? 만찬…"함께 피 흘린 혈맹"(종합) 9 April 2019 in: UPI diversity? 6 June 2019 in: Trends 26 March 2019 in: News Naver 65. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Kim's fresh warning raises 20 May 2019 in: EU Observer 82. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : A year 54. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea and the US: No stakes for Trump summit With Moon 75. Jamal Shahin : May rend les Armes after Singapore, little change seen deal towards a workable and sustainable deal? 10 April 2019 in: Bloomberg 25 May 2019 in: La Liberté in U.S.-North Korea ties: Poll 27 March 2019 in: Royal Institute Elcano 66. Jamal Shahin : Technology won’t save us, well not 12 June 2019 in: Reuters 76. Leo Van Hove : De Belg blijft fan van 55. Leo Van Hove : On the way to a society without cash? without a human touch cash 83. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : A year 27 March 2019 in: Keytrade Bank 25 April 2019 in: Urban Europe 29 May 2019 in: De Standaard after Singapore, little change seen 56. Karel de Gucht : Voormalig eurocommissaris De 67. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Kim in Russia senza colpo in U.S.-North Korea ties - Poll 77. Leo Van Hove : Technologie moet Gucht: "Een lang uitstel van de brexit zou de meest ferire 12 June 2019 in: Euro News niet zichtbaar zijn, ze moet vooral charmante oplossing zijn" 29 April 2019 in: L'Indro werken 84. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Survei 27 March 2019 in: Radio 1 68. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Interview on Huawei and the 57. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 벨기에 국왕 27년만의 방한 이유 UK government (라몬) | 김어준의 뉴스공장 5 May 2019 in: Corresponsales en linea 27 March 2019 in: tbs 69. Marie Lamensch : Dokumentation: Der große Betrug IES IN THE MEDIA 58. Luis Simon : Judy Asks: Is China (Grand Theft Europe) Devouring Europe? 7 May 2019 in: ZDF 28 March 2019 in: Carnegie Europe 72 70. Karel De Gucht : Karel De Gucht: ‘Je kan nu geen 5,5 59. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 유럽학연구소 석좌 miljard besparen zonder sociale kaalslag’ MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019 MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

willen, is makkelijk gezegd, maar 108. Alexander Mattelaer : Défense Ipsos MORI: Hubungan AS-Korut Tak Berubah 24 June 2019 in: Le Vif snapt iedereen de impact voor onze belge: "Si on économise encore, on 12 June 2019 in: Berita Satu 93. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 힐 "3차 북미정상회담 연내 veiligheid? va se faire coloniser par les grandes 85. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Many see little change in US- 가능…전제조건은 비핵화 로드맵" 16 July 2019 in: VRT puissances" North Korea relations since Singapore summit: Poll 25 June 2019 in: Newspim 5 August 2019 in: Knack 101. Tomas Wyns : Europe targets 13 June 2019 in: The Straits Times 94. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 힐 "3차 북미회담 하려면 北이 climate transformation under 109. Linde Desmaele and Luis Simon: 86. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Many see little change in US- 비핵화 로드맵 제시해야" historic German boss East Asia first, Europe second: North Korea relations since Singapore summit: Poll 25 June 2019 in: News Naver 17 July 2019 in: Bloomberg Picking regions in U.S. grand 13 June 2019 in: The Straits Time strategy 95. Leo Van Hove : Geld van de toekomst? 'Als de 102. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : What does 7 August 2019 in: War On The 87. Leo Van Hove : ‘Libra kan een gamechanger zijn' Facebookgebruiker met de libra gaat betalen, kan het Europe's public opinion think about Rocks 18 June 2019 in: De Tijd snel gaan' Japan's export restrictions? 25 June 2019 in: HUMO 19 July 2019 in: TBS 110. Ramon Pacheco Pardo and Tongfi 88. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Injuries killing more North Kim : Why, to American voters, Koreans as Kim Jong Un pushes for growth 96. Omar N. Cham : Interview: Regime change and 103. Karel De Gucht : Karel De Gucht wil Trump is already winning on North 18 June 2019 in: The Wall Street Journal migration cooperation in the “New Gambia” dat de regering al kandidaten voor Korea 28 June 2019 in: ECRE EU-Commissie voorstelt: "Wie te 89. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Injuries in North Korea: 8 August 2019 in: NK News lang wacht, komt er bekaaid vanaf" addressing a looming crisis 97. Karel De Gucht : Podcast "De afspraak op vrijdag" 20 July 2019 in: VRT NWS 111. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : European 19 June 2019 in: 38 North met Karel De Gucht, Hendrik Vuye en Frank journalists to visit North Korea to Vandenbroucke 104. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Interview 90. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 힐 “북 비핵화 로드맵 제시해야 3 gather news on economy under 28 June 2019 in: Canvas – De Afspraak with Ramon Pacheco Pardo for a 차 미북회담 가능” sanctions (in Korean) KBS documentary (in Korean) 24 June 2019 in: RFA 98. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Trump entra en la historia 8 August 2019 in: Radio Free Asia 27 July 2019 in: KBS 30 June 2019 in: Agenda Pública: El País 91. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Hill: "Three-way 112. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Collapse of 105. Karel De Gucht : De Gucht: "De denuclearisation talks can take place if there is 99. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : "Trump avatar" Johnson as intelligence pact between US, South Wever loopt op dunne lijn in roadmap for denuclearisation" British Prime Minister... starts a dangerous liaison Korea and Japan ‘will be symbolic gesprekken met Vlaams Belang" 24 June 2019 in: RFA with Iran victory for China’ 28 July 2019 in: VTM Nieuws 14 July 2019 in: JoongAng Ilbo 10 August 2019 in: South China 92. Ilke Adam : Décennie pour les Africains : ceci n'est pas 106. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Analyst: Morning Post une inauguration 100. Alexander Mattelaer : Kernwapens in België weg North Korea missile tests no match 113. Karel De Gucht : Belgisch zitje for Japan, South Korea dispute Europese Investeringsbank blijft 31 July 2019 in: UPI leeg 107. Alexander Mattelaer : 12 August 2019 in: De Standaard

IES IN THE MEDIA Defensiespecialist waarschuwt: 'Bij 114. Karel De Gucht : Belgisch zitje in nieuwe besparingen worden we een Europese Investeringsbank al wingewest van de grootmachten' 20 maanden leeg 74 5 August 2019 in: Knack 75 12 August 2019 in: Het MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019 MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

Nieuwsblad 125. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : South Korea’s support is key contactloos 30 August 2019 in: Interfax Global to success to open Indo-Pacific (in Korean) 26 August 2019 in: De Tijd Energy 115. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Kim Jong Un cannot afford to 19 August 2019 in: Asia Today fail again 136. Karel De Gucht : De Gucht over G7: 141. Alison E. Woodward : 12 August 2019 in: The Hill 126. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : “Korea is the key to the Indo- "Misschien begint Trump zich te Professor Woodward over de Pacific” (in Korean) realiseren dat stuk van entourage portefeuilleverdeling in de Europese 116. Karel De Gucht : La Belgique laisse un siège vide à la 20 August 2019 in: Chosun gevaarlijker is dan hijzelf" Commissie BEI 26 August 2019 in: Radio 1 – De 10 September 2019 in: Radio 1 – 12 August 2019 in: L’Echo 127. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : “Diplomacy needed for Ochtend De ochtend solving inter-Korean relations, main priority in national 117. Karel De Gucht : Al twintig maanden is er geen interest” (in Korean) 137. Karel De Gucht : “Wie in België is 142. Florian Trauner : De commissie-Von vicevoorzitter 21 August 2019 in: Chosun beter geschikt dan Reynders?”, der Leyen: wat zit er in voor Orban? 13 August 2019 in: NRC vraagt De Gucht 11 September 2019 in: Knack 128. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Is There Really a Way 118. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Getting rid of GSOMIA will 26 August 2019 in: Metro Forward to US-North Korea Nuclear Negotiations? 143. Ilke Adam : Het Deense only benefit China (in Korean) 21 August 2019 in: True News Source 138. Karel De Gucht : De Gucht over integratiemodel: uitzonderlijk, maar 14 August 2019 in: Naver news kritiek op aanstelling Reynders: niet uniek 129. Karel De Gucht : Karel De Gucht waarschuwt: 'Blamage 119. Leo Van Hove : De "pain of paying" op festivals: “Dan had N-VA maar in de regering 12 September 2019 in: VRT dreigt voor Michel als hij niet snel Eurocommissaris "Cashless betalen is snel, veilig en de toekomst, maar moeten blijven” voordraagt' 144. Marco Giuli : Чи залишиться mensen geven zo meer geld uit" 26 August 2019 in: Het Laatste 21 August 2019 in: Knack Україна транзитером російського 15 August 2019 in: VRT NWS Nieuws газу до Європи після 2019 року? 130. Ilke Adam : Meer plichten, minder rechten: N-VA werkt 120. Leo Van Hove : Deelstepaanbieders geven op: 'Survival 139. Sebastian Oberthür : 28.000 jobs 19 September 2019 in: Podrobnosti aan veel strenger integratiebeleid of the biggest' weg, bedorven voedsel, maar onze 22 August 2019 in: De Morgen 145. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Former 16 August 2019 in: Bruzz Rode Duivels mogen blijven UN Under-Secretary-General says 131. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Walking a beneficial tightrope 30 August 2019 in: HLN 121. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : EU says North Korea must “US and North Korea must actively (in Korean) refrain provocations and resume denuclearisation 140. Marco Giuli : Leftist coalition in Italy propose a negotiation agenda” (in 22 August 2019 in: The Korea Economic Daily talks (in Korean) signals boost in climate ambitions Korean) 16 August 2019 in: Radio Free Asia (RFA) 132. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : The Korean Peninsula’s fate (in Korean) 122. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea’s Missile Tests 23 August 2019 in: News Free Zone fail to provoke response from washington 17 August 2019 in: The Wall Street Journal 133. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : A stream of books on North Korea…from diplomacy to travel journals (in Korean) 123. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : South Korea holds the key to 23 August 2019 in: Radio Free Asia the Indo-Pacific IES IN THE MEDIA 18 August 2019 in: The Hill 134. Karel De Gucht : De Gucht: ‘Wie in België is beter geschikt dan Reynders?’ 124. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Interview on inter- 26 August 2019 in: De Morgen 76 Korean tensions 18 August 2019 in: BBC 135. Leo Van Hove : De toekomst is cashloos en MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019 MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

146. 1 October 2019 in: Radio Free Asia 157. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Comrade Razzi: An eccentric North Korea dialogue, “talk only with 171. Marco Giuli : Cop 25, il fallimento Italian politician’s unusual love for North Korea involved countries” (in Korean) non e' un dramma 147. Marco Giuli : Euro: energia, maggiore statuto = 30 October 2019 in: NK News 19 November 2019 in: Radio Free 16 December 2019 in: Limes maggiore peso geo-economico Asia 3 October 2019 in: Affair Internazionali 158. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Must prepare for the 172. Alexander Mattelaer : Brexit zet possibility of a complete breakdown in North Korean 167. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : [Peace & extra druk op formatiegesprekken 148. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea, U.S. envoys to denuclearisation efforts (in Korean) Prosperity] Ep.35 - 2019 ASEAN- 17 December 2019 in: De Tijd resume high-stakes nuclear talks over weekend 31 October 2019 in: Newstown ROK Commemorative Summit: 4 October 2019 in: Reuters 173. Marco Giuli : Il clima al centro: Future of multilateral diplomacy 159. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Starbucks's Sino-struggle: US ragioni e conseguenze del green 149. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea walks away from (from 22:56) coffee chain's reputation tanks nearly 10 times faster deal europeo nuclear talks, but maybe not for good 22 November 2019 in: ARIRANG TV than Apple's in China during the trade war, figures 18 December 2019 in: Limes 7 October 2019 in: Voa News show 168. Alexander Mattelaer : La tâche de 174. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : [Peace & 150. Tomas Wyns : 'Kan de industrie in Vlaanderen en 1 November 2019 in: Daily Mail Online Michel sera beaucoup plus difficile Prosperity] N. Korea-U.S. nuclear België klimaatneutraal worden?' que celle de Van Rompuy 160. Marco Giuli : Germany Is undermining the climate stalemate: reasons and outlook 7 October 2019 in: Knack 28 November 2019 in: L'Echo change fight (from 46:15) 151. Alexander Mattelaer & Florian Trauner : EU's biggest 6 November 2019 in: Bloomberg 169. Sebastian Oberthür : Momentum of 27 December 2019 in: Arrange enlargement anniversary is theme of VUB's First minimum in Madrid? Issue 161. Tomas Wyns & Gauri Khandekar : Metals are Europe’s Europe Day 2 December 2019 in: De Standaard climate compass. Here’s why 18 October 2019 in: VUB Today 7 November 2019 in: EURACTIV 170. Sebastian Oberthür : Interview with 152. Leo Van Hove : We need a roadmap for the cashless Sebastian Oberthür on Madrid 162. Marco Giuli : La morte cerebrale della Nato, l’accordo society climate conference sul clima, Cipro: il mondo questa settimana 24 October 2019 in: European Payments Council 2 December 2019 in: NPO Radio1 8 November 2019 in: Limes 153. Ilke Adam : Le gouvernement Jambon, étape vers un 163. Tomas Wyns : Vlaanderen stoot 4 procent te veel Etat flamand ? uit, maar wat met de oplossingen van de regering? 3 24 October 2019 in: Le Vif/L’Express MEDIA APPEARANCES BY IES STAFF experts lichten de plannen door 154. Ilke Adam : Als niet je toekomst maar je afkomst telt 9 November 2019 in: VRT News 28 October 2019 in: De Standaard 175 164. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Election after election in 155. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Expert says “must prepare for Europe…Brexit not in sight, left and right drifting apart 129 131 possibility of a complete breakdown of North Korean (in Korean) denuclearisation efforts” (in Korean) 18 November 2019 in: Joongang Ilbo 30 October 2019 in: Radio Free Asia 80 79 165. Marco Giuli : La neutralità climatica e la sicurezza IES IN THE MEDIA 156. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Unity of US-South energetica dell’Europa 47 Korea-Japan alliances weakened, not helpful to US- 19 November 2019 in: Limes 32 North Korea dialogue (in Korean) 78 166. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Sweden’s mediation of US- 79 30 October 2019 in: Voa News 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019

16 Jan 2019 22 Feb 2019 Blockchain and antitrust: The next tech Northeast Asia’s security environment: target in competition law enforcement? Focus on the rule of law and regional order

18 Jan 2019 22 Feb 2019 Development and democratization in The Drone Age: Issues, actors and the new Gambia: African and European perspectives perspectives 26 Feb 2019 23 Jan 2019 Explaining Greece's Integration within the Sensitive economic personae and West through the lens of Geopolitics and functional human beings. A critical Discourse Analysis metaphor analysis of EU policy documents between 1985 and 2014 27 Feb 2019 EL-CSID Final Conference 29 Jan 2019 Immigrants' negotiated identity and 28 Feb 2019 political participation: A case study of Geopolitics in Europe's neighbourhood - Moroccan youth immigrants in Belgium Masterclasses Middle East

12 Feb 2019 6 Mar 2019 Drivers of and obstacles to the introduction The Hanoi Summit - What future for the of autonomy in European weapons Korean Peninsula? systems 12 Mar 2019 19 Feb 2019 Governing ethno-racial inequalities in Campization. Slow violence and the Europe: Colour-blind vs. colour-conscious production of spaces of exclusion. Policy Frames in Belgium and Germany

81 ACADEMIC SERVICES IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019 IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019

19 Mar 2019 9 Apr 2019 22 May 2019 25 Jun 2019 The EU’s representation at the UN Climate Negotiations Post- Who shapes whom? Transatlantic relations in the Asian What is process tracing and what makes Competition versus co-operation in Lisbon: How secrecy seeps In. century it good? multistakeholder internet governance – The EU’s role, values, and interests 20 Mar 2019 30 Apr 2019 23 May 2019 US-EU study visit in Belgium: Intercontinental dialogue on Transnational climate initiatives: Conceptualizing and Het grote defensiedebat (the Belgian 27 Jun 2019 countering violent radicalisation and extremism (by invitation assessing their legitimacy defence debate) Rethinking the legitimacy of EU referenda only) 2 May 2019 28 May 2019 3 Jul 2019 21 Mar 2019 Multistakeholder governance of the internet: a European non- Book presentation - Giles Merritt-More Once the sea was covered with water - Trump, Brexit and the BRICS: Toward resilient international approach? migrants please; How populists threaten movie screening organizations in a post-liberal world? our future 3 May 2019 10 Jul 2019 26 Mar 2019 Guest lecture - Dr. Mark H. Lopez 4 Jun 2019 Transnational experiences of women of EU migration policy cooperation beyond borders Building on experience: connecting people immigrant origin in political office in the 14 May 2019 for a sustainable urban future United States 1 Apr 2019 The response of the EU and of NATO to hybrid warfare Queer migrations 11 Jun 2019 24 Sep 2019 15 May 2019 Testing the East Asian paradox: A study of Not whether but why: Explaining the US 3 Apr 2019 Youth Cafe: EU elections, so what? Connecting European East Asian nations' economic and security decision to enlarge NATO EU-African Cooperation on Migration: What are the African democracy to your future relations with a focus on Northeast Asia Interests? 1 Oct 2019 21 May 2019 18 Jun 2019 The Korean Peninsula in flux: Nuclear 3 Apr 2019 EDGE seminar: To feel politically represented: what does it Do open-list systems support the weapons, trade, peace IES - UPV lecture series mean, what does it take? The democratic challenge of social representation of ethnic minority women? inequalities facing political participation. ACADEMIC SERVICES IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019 IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019

8 Oct 2019 7 Nov 2019 26 Nov 2019 The Internet of Things in the circular economy: Reconciling Book Talk: The Russian understanding of war: Blurring the Cold shoulders or warm welcomes? Challenges and opportunities for the EU’s Arctic policy environment, data and trade under the WTO in the digital age lines between war and peace by Oscar Jonsson 26 Nov 2019 8 Oct 2019 12 Nov 2019 Decarbonising the EU steel industry through business-model innovation Research methodology: Doing research in Africa Democratic myopia and environmental/climate governance in EU Institutions 2 Dec 2019 10 Oct 2019 The politicization of immigration in Portugal between 1995-2014: A European exception? Migration aspirations: Strategies of young Africans in a state 14 Nov 2019 of ‘involuntary immobility’ PhD Defence of Stephan Klose: Four Essays on Role Theory’s 3 Dec 2019 Added Value for IR and EU Studies Multistakeholderism in a (foreign) context – what does it take to succeed? The case of 11 Oct 2019 the Georgian Domestic Advisory Group in the framework of the EU-Georgia Deep and Trade defence instruments (TDI) 14 Nov 2019 Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement Scaling fences - Voices of irregular African migrants to 16 Oct 2019 Europe 10 Dec 2019 15 Years of Enlargement – Growing Together, Moving Apart? Chinese migration policy and the dynamics of the admission and integration of 19 Nov 2019 international migrants into China’s society 18 Oct 2019 Deterrence in an era of great power competition: views from Edge research day: Long-term Challenges to Democracy Europe and East Asia 13 Dec 2019 What if mayors ruled migration? 22 Oct 2019 22 Nov 2019 Explaining democratic change: a case study of Gambia’s How social prejudices format social theory? The case of the 13 Dec 2019 power shift from Yahya Jammeh to Adama Barrow concept of amoral familism. Brexit and a disunited kingdom

84 ACADEMIC SERVICES STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT

The IES is a ‘special university institute’ with functional autonomy within the VUB. Since its inception, the institute has been governed by its own Board, whose members are proposed by the Rector and appointed by the University Council. Following changes of the IES statutes and following the enhanced cooperation between the IES and Vesalius College, the university approved a new management structure for the IES. After more than 15 years of growth, a total overhaul of the management functions was long over- due. Effective as of September 2019, the Institute's management now consists of a Dean, two Vice-Deans, a Executive Director and an Assistant Executive Director / Head of Secretariat. This Executive Committee manages both the IES and Vesalius College. Similarly, the members of the IES Board are also constitute the Vesalius College Board. While the two Boards (with different members) had partial joint meetings in the first half of 2019, the VUB appointed the same members in both Boards that started their mandate at the beginning of the academic year.

The new management structure foresees a Board and an Executive Committee. The Academic Board that operated until September 2019, no longer exists.

The management structure of the Institute is now the following:

THE IES BOARD

The IES Board is the highest authority of the Institute and is responsible, inter alea, for approving the general strategy, policy plan, budget, and annual report. The Board also decides on research strategy and gives its final approval to the appointment of senior staff.

The Board consists of 14 members: 6 external (to the VUB), 4 VUB faculty, the Rector (or his/her representative), a representative of the ZAP members of the IES and two students. In addition, one member of the junior academic personnel, one member of the administrative personnel, a representative of the faculty Economics and Social Sciences and one of the faculty of Law and Criminology and the Vice-Rector for Education and Student Affairs attend the Board meetings with a consultative vote. Members of the Executive Committee are also invited. MANAGEMENT

87 STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT Board members Jan-Sep Board members since September

Karel De Gucht (president) Karel De Gucht (president) former European Commissioner former European Commissioner

All members of the academic staff belong to one or more Eddy Bonne DAILY MANAGEMENT Sir Jonathan Faull clusters where they report and organise their activities. President VIW Foundation former DG Capital Markets Union Since 2012, the Institute has had four research clusters: (1) "Vlamingen in de Wereld" Daily management is the responsibility of the Executive International Security (formerly European Foreign Security Caroline Gennez Caroline Buts Committee (ExCom), consisting of five members: the Dean Policy), (2) Environment and Sustainable Development, (3) member of the Flemish Parliament VUB Professor (Luc Soete), the two Vice-Deans (Alexander Mattelaer and Migration, Diversity and Justice, and (4) European Economic Tony Joris Karen Donders Sven Van Kerckhoven), and the Executive and Assistant Governance, as well as an Educational Development Unit. VUB Professor VUB Professor Executive Director (Anthony Antoine and Jacintha Liem).. The cluster structure is to be further reformed in 2020. Frank Hoffmeister Sarah Engels They were appointed by the Board in September 2019. Head of Unit, DG Trade, EC Commercial Director L'Oreal OTHER GOVERNING BODIES Prior to their appointment, the Institute was led by an Annemie Neyts Frank Hoffmeister former MEP Head of Unit, DG Trade, EC Academic Director (Alexander Mattelaer, who took over in January 2019 from Luk Van Langenhove, who became VUB's Under the auspices of the Vice-Dean for Research, a Gerard Van Acker Tony Joris Academic Commissioner for Networks and institutional Research Council discusses all research-related issues at member of Boards of Governors VUB Professor cooperation), an Executive Director (Anthony Antoine) and the IES. As a consultative body, it advises the ExCom and/ Leo Van Audenhove Trisha Meyer an Assistant Executive Director (Jacintha Liem).. or the Board on all research-related matters. It consists of all VUB Professor IES Professor (representative ZAP) ZAP members of the IES. Freddy Van den Spiegel Leo Van Audenhove Former Bank Manager VUB Professor OPERATIONAL CLUSTERS Under the auspices of the Vice-Dean for Education, an Nic Van Craen Education Council discusses all education-related issues. Algemeen Beheerder VUB Research management at the IES is primarily done through It consists of the programme directors of the IES and of Representative of the Rector thematic clusters with a certain degree of managerial Vesalius College. Similar to the Research Council, it advises Freddy Van den Spiegel authority. Members of each cluster meet at least monthly, the ExCom and/or the Board on education-related matters. Former Bank manager and their findings / suggestions / activity reports are communicated in overall staff meetings, which take place NN. (student representative) once per month. These research clusters are led by senior NN (student representative) academic staff, all of whom have ZAP status. In the course of 2018, the IES increased efforts to allow cluster coordinators to attain tenured positions. To this end, a tenuring-procedure was launched, including external vacancies, resulting in the tenure of four senior academics from January 2019. MANAGEMENT

88 89 GENDER AND DIVERSITY

Gender and diversity are important elements of VUB’s overall policy. The university’s Gender Action Plan, launched in 2014, is a case in point. In 2018, the university’s statutes were amended to strive for a more balanced gender representation in policy bodies and academic committees. The IES, which already in 2016 had changed its regulations to this end, ensures that at least one third of the members of its Board and recruitment committees are of both genders. In the new Board, five out of 12 (current) members are women (two students still need to be elected).

Several members of the IES play a pivotal role in the university's interdisciplinary groups on gender (RHEA) and on migration and minorities (BIRMM Brussels Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Migration and Minorities). Moreover, in our Migration, Diversity and Justice cluster, scholars contribute to the university's Interdisciplinary Master on Gender and Diversity.

Overall, the Institute employs 105 people (62 women and 43 men), but there is a difference between the categories of personnel.

In 2019, the Institute for European Studies changed its management structure, and now it consists of four men (Dean, Vice-Dean for Research, Vice-Dean for Education, and Executive Director) and one woman (Assistant Executive Director and Head of Secretariat).There are 4 female senior scholars among the 17 senior researchers that hold a ZAP mandate.

In the LLM programme, one out of three professors for the Data Law specialisation is female, bringing the overall ‘balance’ in the programme to two out of 16. A change in this balance is difficult to obtain, as most teaching staff have long-term or tenured contracts. In the EuroMaster programme, the gender balance is more level: six male versus four female.

Since 2018, the IES is a member of the Brussels Binder (www.brusselsbinder.org), the go-to database of female policy experts. The Brussels Binder was officially launched in the presence of Frans Timmermans, First Vice President of the European Commission, and to date includes over 700 entries of women-experts who can be contacted for policy advice or as members of debate panels.

91 GENDER & DIVERSITY OUTREACH

The IES communicates with the outside world by targeting the general public, Brussels-based policymakers, academics and researchers interested in the EU, as well as potential applicants (both students and professionals) for its various educational programmes. Below are some of the highlights of the Institute’s outreach activities in 2019. The IES has a significant online presence. In 2019, its main website ies.be had a total of 84,859 new users, up 16.6% compared with the previous year. Also its websites dedicated to its LLM (10,722 new users), EuroMaster (17,913), Summer School (7001), and Postgraduate Certificate (8147) programmes attracted a large volume of traffic, sparked by the extensive online and offline marketing campaigns relating to the IES’ educational programmes.

The IES sends out monthly newsletters to a broad target audience. Its mailing list comprises approximately 6,500 recipients. 10 editions were sent out in 2019. Regarding social media, an increasing number of people are following the IES channels. On the general IES Facebook page, followers have increased steadily for years and in 2019 and reached the 11,000 followers mark. If one measures all 5 Facebook pages of the Institute, at the end of 2019, the number of fans was 20.000.

On its Twitter account, the IES had a very active year, focusing on its research and educational activities. Over the year, each programme was consistently promoted on a weekly basis. In

OUTREACH addition, the IES used LinkedIn as a channel to promote its new vacancies and its educational programmes.

Twitter: Followers 9,361 • Facebook: Followers/fans 11,176 • LinkedIn: Followers 2,514 Youtube: 710 subscribers

In 2018 the IES initiated a podcast series in the context of its KF-VUB Korea Chair project, which resulted in 4 podcasts in 2019. 93 ACADEMIC COLLABORATION

The IES collaborates on a daily basis with universities and institutions around the world, in the context of its academic programmes and research activities. In this section we identify three dominant types of interactions: Memoranda of Understanding, Longstanding relationships in both education and research, and Project-based collaboration.

COLLABORATION BASED ON MOU

The IES has developed a range of formal Memoranda of Understanding with various research and educational institutions. These MoUs are signed as a result of enhanced cooperation between the IES and partner institutions. They allow us to forge global partnerships, encouraging exchange of knowledge between the institutions. The following list of agreements highlights our global reach: Fudan University (Shanghai, China) • Hankuk Universtity of Foreign Studies (South Korea) • Hendrix College (Arkansas, USA) • Renmin University (Beijing, China) • SNU - Seoul National University (South Korea) • University of Vienna and Diplomatic Academy of Vienna (Austria) • University of Warwick (Coventry, UK) • UNU-CRIS – United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (Belgium / Japan) • USC – University of Southern California (USA) • Vesalius College (VECO, Brussels)

In this context, 2019 witnessed three important new developments as regards academic collaboration:

• In July 2019, the first edition of the ‘SNU in the EU’ programme was organised, a programme jointly organised by SNU and IES. It provides an opportunity for undergraduate students to learn about the inner working of - and current challenges facing – the European Union. From 1 July to 11 July, twenty-two Korean students from a variety of academic disciplines travelled to Brussels for a two-week course programme at the IES which offered a mix of lectures and visits to various European Union institutions and other key actors. The COLLABORATION 95 programme was formally approved during the State Visit of the King of the Belgians to the Republic of Korea in March 2019. VUB's Vice-Rector Romain Meeusen, who was part of the academic delegation, signed the MoU to this end with his counterpart Min Gyu KOO.

At the same ceremony, and witnessed by King Filip, Prof. Meeusen also signed an MoU with Hankuk University of Foreign Studies - a university with which the IES has had collaborative ties over the past ten years. Its president Dr. In Chul KIM signed on HUFS behalf.

Prof. Meeusen, VUB/KF Korea Chair Ramon Pacheco Pardo, IES Executive Director Anthony Antoine and IES Board member Leo Van Audenhove had visited both SNU and HUFS prior to the signatory event and discussed further collaborative possibilities. Warwick University - PAIS

• The EUtopia network was created, an alliance of 6 European universities, which Although the IES has been working with Warwick University on and off for the in 2019 was chosen by the European Commission as one of the seventeen past 17 years, it collaboration intensified over the past two years, culminating pilot projects for developing a ‘European university’. A concrete result of this is in setting up a double MA-offering in the course of 2019. Warwick formalised a joint VUB - University of Warwick PhD project, as well as a Double Masters its ties with the VUB through both a Memorandum of Understanding and a degree combining the MA programmes of Warwick’s Department of Politics and Memorandum of Agreement via which the IES works in close collaboration International Studies (PAIS) and the Advanced Master in European Integration at with Warwick’s Politics and International Studies department (PAIS) to explore the IES. joint research and teaching offerings. To this end, both partners met each oth- er several times during 2019, and finalised an agreement to offer a joint double • For decades, the Institute for European Studies (IES) and Vesalius College degree programme with IES’ Euromaster (the MSc European Integration) as a (VeCo) have built up strong reputations as frontrunners in education, research, basis. and academic services on the international scene. Both being associated with Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), the IES and VeCo have started to work together The discussions with Warwick University and its PAIS department also led to more closely as of the summer of 2019 to create multiple synergies that their the blueprint of a joint executive programme – a programme that will also in- stakeholders will benefit from. One of the concrete developments was the volve IES’ partner Vesalius College. It is scheduled to start in the fall of 2020. creation of a joint management team in October 2019, including the appointment of Luc Soete as new Dean. As part of the EUTopia European university network, seeking to jointly trans- form to an “open inclusive academy”, the IES is now also hosting a joint

COLLABORATION VUB-UWarwick PhD. 96 97 is done through scholars that are affeliated to either UGent or VUB. In the latter case, this means the IES. The Institute’s researchers therefore contributed to two research projects in 2019: one on African return migration (called AMIREG), un- der the auspices of Prof. Dr. Ilke Adam and Prof. Dr. Florian Trauner, and one on alternative governance structures (called GREMLIN), under the auspices of Prof. Dr. Jamal Shahin. The latter project (entitled in full: “The contribution of global and regional multistakeholder mechanisms in improving global governance”) is entire- ly financed by the VUB as part of the university’s contribution to UNU-CRIS. PhD researcher Diana Potjomkina continued the second year working on her disser- tation on multistakeholderism and trade, while PhD researcher Austin Ruckstuhl resigned from the project in February. Leonie Jegen, who worked on the African Migration project, ended her contract at the beginning of 2019, after organising a succesful conference at UNU-CRIS to mark the end of the project.

As said, following the Memorandum of Understanding between the Flemish Gov- ernment, UNU, the VUB and UGent, UNU-CRIS personnel holds either a VUB or a UGent contract. This is also the case for administrative and supporting personnel. At VUB-side, these contracts are managed by the IES. As a result, four UNU-CRIS staff members were on the IES payrol in 2019.

IES Executive Director Anthony Antoine continued to be the liaison between the IES and UNU-CRIS. For the latter, he helped organising the first UNU-CRIS Sum- mer School which took place in Bruges and at the IES in Brussels, and together with other UNU-CRIS staff members held introductory lectures at the Athenum in Bruges and the University College West-Flanders (HOWEST).

Prior to his appointment as new Dean of the Institute for European Studies, Prof. Dr. Luc Soete held the position of (ad-interim) Director of UNU-CRIS. Following the leave of Prof. Dr. Madeleine Hosli, Prof. Soete in his capacity of President of the Ad- visory Committee of UNU-CRIS, functioned as interim-Director for a period of four United Nations University - UNU-CRIS months. During this period, he developed a new strategic vision that will enhance the academic collaboration between the three institutions (UNU-CRIS, UGent and In 2019, the Institute for European Studies continued to work closely with the VUB) and negotiated with the Flemish Government on the future deliverables. With centre for Comparative Regional Integration Studies of the United Nations University (UNU-CRIS). Based in Bruges, his most recent appointment as Dean at the IES he is the best placed to oversee UNU-CRIS conducts research and provides services in the field of regional integration broadly speaking, and on the enhanced ties. The new director, Philippe de Lombaerde, will have an academic regional public goods and the role of regional organisations in globalization more specifically. This research affiliation with the VUB/IES and is involved, amongst other things, in the or-

COLLABORATION ganisation of the EUIA conference 2020. 98 99 COLLABORATION BASED ON LONG-STANDING PROJECT-BASED COLLABORATION

RELATIONSHIPS The Institute has integrated projects deeply into its 'DNA'. As shown in the Externally Funded Projects section of this report, 39 projects operated in 2019. EDUCATION The international networks established by our individual staff members continue to be used to great effect to contribute to the internationalisation of the Flemish research landscape. In this section, we highlight the academic collaboration that Long-standing relationships form the basis for many of the Institute’s collaborative activities. Our senior has stimulated and flowed from these projects. The IES participates in a range of and junior staff have developed and carefully nurtured a range of different relationships with various different types of projects, from policy support (service contracts) to fundamental academic partners across Belgium, Europe, and beyond. In terms of education, these relationships research projects. The IES is also active in educational projects, and some of have taken the form of visiting lectures, courses, and roles as members of examination committees. In these have entailed the creation of formal networks. All of these projects have Belgium, this interaction has involved the VUB, Vesalius College, KU Leuven, Kent University, the ULB, involved international collaboration. Some (COP21-RIPPLES, PACT, KF-VUB Korea UCL, and the Universities of Antwerp and Ghent. In Europe, long-standing educational collaboration is Chair) go far beyond the EU’s boundaries. However, the majority of IES project- seen in seven countries from Austria to the Netherlands. On a global scale, these relationships exist with based collaborations remain within (or close to) the EU’s boundaries. Even so, the institutions in the United States of America and in South Korea. Similar collaboration is taking place projects may have global reach. between the IES and EU-wide or global institutions, such as the European Security and Defence College and NATO Defense College.

RESEARCH

IES researchers are engaged with other institutes and organisations on an individual basis as well as on a more formalised level. These informal partnerships have been established for many years and concretely they take the shape of participation in seminars and panel discussions, acting as (keynote) speaker, co-organising workshops, co-authorship of publications, etc. Across our clusters, we have such partnerships with universities and institutes in a wide range of European and non-European countries. In terms of formal thematic networks in research, the IES is participant in a variety of institutionalised networks. These include: APSA Migration and Citizenship Network; CES (Council for European Studies) Migration network; EANRS (European Academic Network for Romani Studies); Expert Network on Value Reconciliation; IMISCOE (International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion Network), covering 18 countries; INOGOV (Innovations in climate governance), a network of excellence including researchers from 27 European countries; INSEAD network on circular economy; Lund University network on industrial ecology; REFRACT (Research Network on Regime Complexes and Fragmentation); Research Network Political Sociology of ESA (European Sociological Association); etc.

100 COLLABORATION 101 PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

Since the overhaul of the IES statutes, the Board is responsible for the appointment of all staff at the IES. However, substantial ZAP appointments and tenure must be confirmed by the Academic Board of university. Appointments of administrative staff are undertaken by daily management (the ExCom).

The total number of people directly paid by the IES in 2019 amounted to 52.4 full-time equivalents (as opposed to 55.4 FTE the year before). The total number of IES staff, including those not paid directly by the IES (e.g. the President, the Advisor, one Senior Academic, and all VUB-paid teaching and support staff) amounted to 108. An additional 18 people were associated with the Institute (as either senior associate fellow or visiting fellow). 12 different job students helped with basic research tasks and administration and we welcomed 11 interns. In 2019, 19 people left the Institute, while 17 new people joined the IES staff.

MANAGEMENT

The new IES statutes changed the management structure of the institute. The Institute is now headed by a Dean, who is assisted by two vice-Deans, an Executive and an Assistant Executive Director / Head of Secretariat.

The management of the Academic Staff falls under the auspices of the Vice Dean for Research. Since the inception of the new management structure, a lot of time has been devoted to developing a time allocation scheme that would serve as guidelines for the distribution of tasks to senior academic staff. This system will come to fruition at the beginning of 2020. Meanwhile, bilateral meetings between senior staff and management are being held so that benchmarks are set for the coming year.

Junior academic staff members are managed by their supervisors (in the case of PhD researchers) and/or by the project coordinators (in the case of project researchers).Progress and functioning of PhD researchers on the IES budget is presented annually and scrutinized by the Board. Other PhD researchers follow the procedures of the VUB and are assessed by their respective faculties. PERSONNEL The management of the Secretariat falls under the authority of the Executive Director and the Assistant Executive Director (who is also head of the Secretariat). Through meetings every six months, benchmarks are set for all secretariat personnel. As the institute is growing, and as the IES is seeking to work together more closely with Vesalius College (which also has a secretariat), a mid-management layer was created in the form of secretariat cluster 103 coordinators, who serve as intermediaries between IES management and staff. OVERVIEW OF PERSONNEL AT THE IES Five clusters were created in the Secretariat: one to assist in research acquisition and project follow-up, one to assist the teaching programmes, and their staff and students, DEPARTURES NEWCOMERS one to take care of the logistics (IT, acquisitions, events) and one that is responsible for marketing and recruitment. These fall under the authority of the Head of Secretariat. A final • Joachim Koops left the IES in January to take up a new • Jana Gheuens started in January as a PhD researcher in the ESD cluster is more overarching (HR, Finances, ExCom assistance, Audit) and falls under the position at the Institute of Security and Global Affairs at cluster. direct responsability of the Executive Director. Leiden University. • Derek-Jan Te Rijdt joined the IES secretariat in January as • Riccardo Trobbiani left the IES in February to become administrative support staff. At the end of 2019, the IES witnessed its first retirement: after service of more than 15 years UN Coordination Officer at the United Nations Office in • Lisanne Groen started in February as a postdoctoral researcher at the VUB, of which 10 were at the IES, the Institute bid farewell to its receptionist and Brussels. in the ESD cluster and EEG cluster. general secretary Hilde Van der Heyden. • Steffi Peuckert ended her contract and left the IES • Alice Vervaeke joined in March as project researcher in the MDJ secretariat in March. cluster. OVERVIEW OF PERSONNEL AT THE IES • Elke Boers ended her project under the H2020 EL-CSID • Bruno Derbaix started in April as project researcher in the MDJ programme in March. cluster. ADMIN STAFF • Chantal Lavallée ended her Marie Curie fellowship in March. • Louise Baduel rejoined the IES again in July to strengthen • Jan Völkel ended his Marie Curie fellowship in April. the GOVTRAN project and to support the Marketing and • Austin Ruckstuhl left the IES in April to work as an Communication team. • Finance: Anne Sterckx 75% (since • LLM Secretariat: Marleen Van Impe 80% independant project manager. • Marco Giuli joined the ESD cluster in September as a PhD September –formerly 90%) • IT: Peter Menke 50% • Marie Maes ended her administrative contract in April. researcher. • Finance: Romy Flower 20% (until August) • General Secretariat: Hilde Vanderheyden • Bruno Derbaix ended his contract in May. • Andrew Crosby rejoined the IES as a postdoctoral researcher in • HR: Pascale Sas 100% 50% (until November • Lisanne Groen left the IES in June to start as postdoctoral the MDJ cluster. • Communication & Marketing: Jurgen • General Secretariat: Derek-Jan Te Rijdt researcher at the Open Universiteit Nederland. • Aslak Busch started in October as a PhD researcher in the ESD Smet 100% 90% (since June, formerly 70%) • Romy Flower left the IES secretariat in August to work in cluster. • Communications Assistant: Maja • Projects & Management Assistant: Steffi the finance department of European Schools in Brussels • October also saw the arrival of Laura Vansina as PhD researcher Kovacevic 100% Peuckert 100% (until March) • Géraldine André left IES in August to work as a professor at UCL. in the International Security cluster. Her PhD project is embedded • Marketing Assistant: Louise Baduel 50% • Projects Officer: Sara Silvestre 100% • Fausta Todhe ended her PhD contract at the IES in September. in the EUtopia programme both at the IES and the University of (since November) (since November) • Laura Iozzelli and Laura Westerveen ended their PhD Warwick. • Education: René Hermens 100% • Projects & Events Assistant: Paula Cantero contract in September but stayed at IES as students.. • Sara Silvestre, as a previous self-funded PhD student, rejoined • Events Officer: Anamaria Bacsin 100% Dieguez 100% • Irina Tanasescu ended her guest professorship in September. the IES secretariat in November to start as a Project Officer. (until November) • Hilde Vanderheyden left the IES secretariat in November • In November IES welcomed Sven Van Kerckhoven, Jonas • Events Officer: Derek-Jan Te Rijdt 90% • UNU-CRIS: Noël Neven 100% on her retirement. Lefevere and Olesya Tkacheva as part-time professors. The (since December) • UNU-CRIS: Andrew Dunn 100% • Anamaria Bacsin left the secretariat in November to take contracts of Tongfi Kim and Trisha Meyer in this category were • Events logistics assistant: Jelle De Smet • UNU-CRIS: Ajsela Masovic 80% up a new role in communication at Optimy in Brussels. extended. 80% (since December) • EL-CSID Project: Elke Boers 100% (until • Rory Johnson ended his contract at UNU-CRIS in • Laura Iozzelli started as a project researcher in December to help • Student Registration Officer & March)

December. out the ESD cluster with the Govtran and Rolecs projects. PERSONNEL Administrative Assistant: Marion Tomsett • GOVTRAN Project: Louise Baduel 100% • Stephan Klose started as postdoctoral researcher in our 100% (July) International Security cluster. • In December, Jelle De Smet, a former IES student, joined the IES Following initiation of collaboration with Vesalius College, the IES was also able to draw up on the services of secretariat as an Events Logistics Assistant. Jérome Playoult as part-time Finance Officer in September and Juan Carlos Ruiz Coll as part-time Student Recruitment Officer in November. 104 105 OVERVIEW OF PERSONNEL AT THE IES OVERVIEW OF PERSONNEL AT THE IES

MANAGEMENT PROJECT RESEARCHERS AND PHD STUDENTS

• President: Karel De Gucht • Teaching programme management (LLM): Harri Kalimo • Matilda Axelson 100% • Elie Perot 100% • Dean: Luc Soete (since October) • Teaching programme management (MSc programme): • Aslak Busch 100% (since October) • Silviu Piros 100% • Vice Dean for research: Alexander Mattelaer 80% Jamal Shahin • Bruno Derbaix 100% (April/May) • Diana Potjomkina 100% • Vice Dean for Education: Sven Van Kerckhoven 20% • Linde Desmaele 100% • Austin Ruckstuhl 100% (until April) • Executive Director: Anthony Antoine 100% • Maximilian Ernst 100% • Olof Soebech 100% • Assistant Executive Director: Jacintha Liem 100% • Jana Gheuens 100% • Philipp Stutz 100% • Marco Giuli 100% * (since September) • Fausta Todhe 100% (until September) • Orsolya Gulyas 100% • Riccardo Trobbiani 100% (until February) PROFESSORS AND POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHERS • Laura Iozzelli 70% (since December, • Laura Vansina 100% * (since October) formerly 100% until September) • Maaike Verbruggen 100% • Rory Johnson 40% (since February, • Alice Vervaeke 100% (since September-– • Ilke Adam 100% • Jonas Lefevere 20% (since November) formerly 20%) formerly 80% since March) • Géraldine André 90% (until August) • Richard Lewis* • Gauri Khandekar 100% • Laura Westerveen 100% (until September) • Dirk Arts 5% • Alexander Mattelaer 80% • Lea Mateo 100% • Caroline Buts 10% • Trisha Meyer 60% (since November – formerly 40%) • Antonios Nestoras 100% * Supported by other funds • Andrew Crosby 50% (since November, formerly 100% since • Arnaud Nuyts 10% September) • Sebastian Oberthür 100% • Raluca Csernatoni 10% • Jamal Shahin 60% PHD RESEARCHERS SUPPORTED BY OTHER FUNDS • Serena D’Agostino 70% (since October, formerly 90%) • Luis Simon 100% • Ferran Davesa 90% (since October – formerly 50%) • Stefaan Smis 10% • Karel De Gucht 10% • Ben Smulders 10% • Neepa Acharya • Polizzi Giuseppe Luca • Paul De Hert 10% • Carlos Soria Rodriguez 50% (since October – formerly 100%) • Zana Abdallah • Hanna Elisabeth Schneider • Youri Devuyst 10% • Angela Tacea* • Sanches Pedro Ariel • Sara Silvestre • Daniel Fiott 10% • Irina Tanasescu 10% (until September) • Akbar Asma • Fatma Sevgi Temizisler • Ricardo Gosalbo Bono 5% • Georgeos Terzis 20% (until February) • Berdak Bayimbetov • Fabian Tudor Petru • Lisanne Groen 80% (since April; formerly 70% since February) • Olesya Tkacheva 20% (since November) • Antonio Calcara • Angela Van Dijck • Serge Gutwirth 10% • Florian Trauner 70% • Omar N. Cham • Richard Stockton Wheeler • Frank Hoffmeister 10% • Irina Van Der Vet 100% • Lorenzani Dimitri • Lingyu Xu

• Tony Joris 25% • Leo van Hove 10% PERSONNEL • Ian Izci • Meijiao Yang • Harri Kalimo 100% • Sven Van Kerckhoven 20% (since November) • Max Jansson • Rui Yan • Tongfi Kim 40% (since November, formerly 20%) • Luk Van Langenhove 40% • Jakimowicz Katarzyna • Huang Yijia • Stephan Klose 100% (since December) • Servatius van Thiel 10% • Carla Mascia • XiuLing Ye • Joachim Koops 10% (until January) • Johan Verbeke 10% • Jimi Hendry Nzally • Nechev Zoran • Marie Lamensch 10% • Jan Völkel 100% (until April) 106 • Chantal Lavallée 100% (until March) • Ingmar Von Homeyer 50% 107 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Management applies quality control measures ex ante as well as ex post. In attracting academic personnel, the IES applies the highest standards. Likewise in its financial management, the IES implements both internal and external control; equally in its services, the IES delivers the best possible services and tries to improve them through feedback from its clients.

QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT

In January 2019, the IES appointed Prof. Dr. Alexander Mattelaer as new Academic Director to replace Prof. Dr. Luk Van Langenhove, who took up a position at the VUB as Academic Commissioner for International Networks. Prof. Dr. Mattelaer has a longstanding affiliation with the Institute in different managerial capacities, having served as Assistant Director and Acting Academic Director for several years in the past and as senior member of the IES’ International Security cluster. Beyond the IES, Prof. Dr. Mattelaer held posts as Director of European Affairs at Egmont Institute, and Fulbright Schuman Fellow at Harvard University and National Defense University. With a research background in diplomacy and defence issues, he currently teaches several courses at VUB related to EU and international security.

In April 2019, the Academic Council of the VUB approved the new IES statutes, which are now embedded in the VUB’s statutes thus enabling an alignment of management roles. These regulations stipulate a new management structure, including a Dean, Vice- Deans, and Executive Director. As a result, the IES appointed Prof. Dr. Luc Soete as its Dean in October 2019. Luc Soete is a Belgian economist with a long-standing track record as Professor of International Economic Relations at Maastricht University, a university where he served as Rector Magnificus from 2012 to 2016. He is co-founder and former Director of UNU-MERIT and vice-president of the supervisory board of the Technical University of Delft. Earlier in July 2019, he also took up the role of Director Ad Interim of Bruges-based UNU-CRIS, one of the institutions with which the IES enjoys a close collaboration. Two other new appointees included Prof. Dr. Alexander Mattelaer who took up the new function of Vice-Dean for Research, while Dr. Sven Van Kerckhoven was appointed Vice-Dean for Education. The management team further consists of Executive Director Anthony Antoine and Assistant Executive Director Jacintha Liem.

109 QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY ASSURANCE

QUALITY OF PERSONNEL QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF RESEARCH

All personnel are hired through a quality control procedure, The quality of personnel is further monitored through PhD and senior researchers are appointed after a thorough selection procedure involving which, as a general rule, begins with the publication of periodical evaluations. PhD researchers meet their promoter an international call for applications and external scrutiny and interviews (see above). an external vacancy. These vacancies are published and supervisory committee at least twice a year. In the Research progress of PhD students is monitored continuously by their promoters, their internationally through relevant Internet sources, specialised Secretariat, IES personnel are evaluated through an internal doctoral committee (twice per year), the responsible senior IES researcher, and the e-mail distribution lists, newspapers and/or journals. The assessment procedure, using standard evaluation forms. Vice-Dean for Research in accordance with the IES PhD Guidelines (incorporated in the qualifications of candidates are scrutinised by (external) In 2019, the evaluation took place in May. Administrative Guidelines for Academic Staff). In the process of this quality control, junior researchers evaluators, with top-ranked individuals invited for an personnel are also supported in the development of personal present a state of affairs of their findings at least once per year at research colloquia interview with management, senior IES researchers and or work-related skills. In the framework of lifelong learning, (held biweekly). The Director of PhD Studies forms the pivotal connection between the experts in the field, as appropriate. In the case of recruitment a modest budget foresees the support for individual or researchers, IES Management and the university structures. There is also collaboration for teaching staff, the candidates present a guest/test collective training sessions and/or extra courses. Several with the Doctoral School in Social Sciences organised by the university. Postdoctoral lecture that is assessed by both colleagues and students. such sessions took place in 2019 for the staff responsible IES researchers and senior academic staff are monitored by the Vice-Dean for Research Teaching staff are further assessed by the Academic for Communications and HR. In October 2019, the VUB and IES Management with a view to establishing and reviewing benchmarks. Council of the university before a final appointment is introduced its umbrella ‘VUB LRN’ programme, offering made. Candidates for professorships (ZAP) also follow individual training programmes and team development VUB university appointment procedures. PhD students are opportunities. In order to facilitate the development and QUALITY OF EDUCATION recruited through international calls for projects. In 2019, integration of its academic and administrative staff with the IES launched three of these calls: two in the field of foreign backgrounds, the Institute also organises regular Teaching staff are recruited through international vacancy procedures, subject to Environment and Sustainable Development, one of which Dutch language courses. external scrutiny, interviews and trial lectures. Students annually assess the quality of was a project on the EU’s external energy policy funded by the teachers / courses through feedback forms. The Dean, the Vice-Dean for Education, the Research Foundation—Flanders FWO, and another call as well as the Programme Director of the respective Master Programmes oversee in the field of Migration, Diversity, and Justice. All attracted QUALITY OF FINANCES the follow-up of Programme questions relating to teaching and the overall learning a large number of candidates, which were scrutinised by objectives of both modules and programmes. a diverse team of scholars. After interviews with the most promising candidates by the cluster coordinators and a team The Financial Officer is supervised by the Executive Director, of scholars and staff, three PhD researchers were appointed who in turn reports to the Board of the IES. An external QUALITY OF STUDENTS by the IES Academic Board and awarded a scholarship for a auditor annually controls the overall finances (currently BDO maximum duration of four years. Auditors). Following EC rules, European-funded projects Students in the Advanced Master programmes, the Post- graduate programmes and of a certain magnitude (FP7 and H2020) are individually in the IES Summer School are carefully selected, based on their study background and scrutinised by an auditor prior to submitting the periodic results, their command of English, their suitability and motivation, as well as the contact financial figures to the Commission. details of referees who are available for feedback on the candidate. Applicants for the Advanced Master programmes need to have a Master's degree before starting their studies at the IES. Exceptionally, highly motivated BA students are admitted, but only if they have a study background of at least 240 ECTS (which equals a Belgian 110 Master programme) and work experience that is compatible with the programme. 111 QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY FINANCIAL REPORT

As described earlier, the IES has a very large number of achievements in 2019. For example, it delivered 4 doctorates, worked on 35 externally funded projects and published more than 104 articles (19 of which were book chapters and 20 peer-reviewed articles). It also saw its student numbers increase from 84 to 104 in the MaNaMa programmes and it hosted over 59 events. Although the IES achieved many successes in 2019 and has an impressive record of output, the Institute suffered an exceptional loss of € 131,330. Exceptional, because it concerns a combination of circumstances that could not immediately be foreseen in budgetary terms. For example, project income was € 70,000 lower than expected, mainly due to the postponement of the implementation of some projects to 2020. The end of some FP7 projects (which ran for 4-5 years) simultaneously with the end of some H2020 projects (which were only funded for 3 years) has also contributed to this, as a result of which a compensatory overlap of project durations is exceptionally less this year than before. The budget also incorrectly counted an income of ± 48,000 under “miscellaneous income”, which largely explains the difference between the budget and real income collected. On the expenditure side, the large budget overrun in project costs is striking (€ 406,308 instead of € 220,000). However, this is partly offset by less expenditure on employee costs (- 129,163; due to the nature of some projects we were propted to make adjustments here and focus on operating costs rather than personnel costs) and partly by taking back a reserve for holiday money of € 102.000. In 2019, the Institute also took the decision to book some outstanding balances as lost costs. At the same time, the aforementioned FP7 and H2020 projects were completed and any historical shortages or overestimated income in 2019 were partly provisionally recognized as a loss (total of ± € 90,000). The extra efforts to bring student numbers back up to standard through extra promotion and the allocation of a more extensive scholarship system have paid off, but also have a financial downside. However, the IES has a specially established training fund from which ± € 73,000 will be raised in 2019 to keep the Institute's two MaNaMa programmes break-even. On a total turnover of more than 5 million euros, the loss is relatively limited: only € 58,425 is taken from the reserve fund. Nevertheless, the necessary measures are being taken to avoid such situations in the future and in particular the financial follow-up of the projects will be monitored more closely. To this end, the IES hired a new employee in the autumn of 2019, while the Institute's future plan for the future is planning a more decentralized financial structure. Closer cooperation with the VUB is also being

FINANCIAL REPORT pursued in order to achieve a simplification - read: more manageable - situation. 113 Despite this exceptional loss, the IES remains a financially healthy institution which looks forward to continuing the positive operating results, coupled with a healthy financial break even in 2020. Let us hope that the new challenges - such as the outbreak of the Corona Covid-19 virus on the eve of the filing of this report - do not throw too much spanner in the works here.

114 FINANCIAL REPORT 115 ANNEX ANNEX

PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS

BOOK Trauner, F, (2019). Chapters on ‘Asylpolitik’, ‘Migrationspolitik’, ‘Raum der Freiheit, der Sicherheit und des Rechts’; In: W. Weidenfeld, W. Wessels & F.Tekin. Europa von A bis Z. New York, Springer Publications. Kaiser, R., & Prange-Gstöhl, H. (2019). The European Union’s Budget in Times of Crises. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft. Trauner, F. (2019): A multifacteted crisis as an opportunity and a risk: The EU’s long struggle to reform the Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019). North Korea-US Relations from Kim Jong Il to Kim Jong Un. (2 ed.) London: Routledge. Dublin system for asylum seekers. In: E. Springler, S. Wöhl, M. Pachel, B. Zeilinger (eds.): The State of the European Union: Post-Crisis Policy Responses, Springer Publishing, 257-274. Vansina, L. (2019). A people that does not remember its past has no future. In L. Verpoest (Ed.), Rusland, onveranderlijk anders?: Russische identiteit in politiek, cultuur en geschiedenis. (pp. 124–146). Leuven: BOOK CHAPTERS Universitaire Pers Leuven. Adam, I., Akachar, S., Celis, K., D'Agostino, S. & Severs, E. (2019). Understanding the Controversy of ‘Black Pete’ through the Lens of Symbolic Repre- Van Langenhove, L. (2019). The Discursive Ontology of the Social World. In The Second Cognitive Revolution: sentation, in The Edges of Political Representation: Mapping, Critiquing and Pushing the Boundaries, by Dupont, C. & Tanasescu, M. (eds.). ECPR A tribute to Rom Harré. Springer. Press, 121-142. Wouters, J. and Van Kerckhoven, S. (2019). The role of the EU in the G7 in the Era of Brexit and Trump, in Adam, I. and Trauner, F. (2019): Ghana and EU migration policy: studying an African response to the EU’s externalisation agenda. In: S. Carrera, J. Oldani, C. and Wouters, J. (eds.) The G7, Anti-Globalism and the Governance of Globalization, Routledge, Santos Vara, T. Striks (eds.): Constitutionalising the External Dimensions of EU Migration Policies in Times of Crisis: Legality, Rule of Law and pp. 68-89. Fundamental Rights Reconsidered, (pp. 257-271), Edward Elgar Publishing. Antoine, A., Van Langenhove, L., (2019): Global challenges and trends of university governance structures. In: Zhu, C. and Zayim-Kurtay, M. (eds.): University Governance and Academic Leadership in the EU and China, (pp. 233-245), IGI Global. FULL ARTICLES IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS WITH INTERNATIONAL PEER REVIEW Biedenkopf, K., & Mattelaer, A. (2019). Policy diffusion and transfer meet foreign policy. In K. Brummer, S. Harnisch, K. Oppermann, & D. Panke (eds.) Foreign Policy as Public Policy: Promises and Pitfalls (pp. 171-193). Manchester: Manchester University Press. D'Agostino, S. (2019). (In)visible Mobilizations. Romani Women’s Intersectional Activisms in Romania and Boulanin, V., Davis, I., & Verbruggen, M. (2019). The Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and lethal autonomous weapon systems. In SIPRI Bulgaria. Politics, Groups, and Identities (on-line first). Yearbook 2019: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security (50th ed., pp. 449–461). Oxford University Press. Gheuens, J., Nagabhatla, N., Perera, E.D.P. (2019). Disaster-Risk, Water Security Challenges and Strategies in Davesa, F., & Shahin, J. (2019). An Architecture for Hybrid Democracy in the EU: when Participation (en)counters Representation. In M. Tanasescu Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Water, 637. & C. Dupont (Eds.), The Edges of Political Representation: Mapping, Critiquing, and Pushing the Boundaries. (pp. 143–166). London: Rowman & Littefield International. James, M., Wise, D., & Van Langenhove, L. (2019). Virtual strategic positioning to create social presence: re- porting on the use of a telepresence robot. Papers on Social Representations, 28(1), 2.1-2.30. Kim, T. (2019). The North Korean nuclear weapons programme and strategic stability in East Asia. In Reassessing CBRN Threats in a Changing Global Environment (pp. 36–40). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Klingler-Vidra, R., & Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019). Beyond the Chaebol? The social purpose of entrepreneurship promotion in South Korea. Asian Studies Review, 43(4), 637-656. Lamensch, M. (2019). The DST: a critical analysis and comparison with the VAT system. In D. Weber (Ed.), Taxing the Digital Economy (pp. 225–243). IBFD. Klingler-Vidra, R., & Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019). Legitimate Social Purpose and South Korea’s support for entre- preneurial finance since the Asian Financial Crisis.New Political Economy. Lamensch, M., & Millar, R. (2019). The role of platforms in B2C e-commerce. In M. Lang (Ed.), CJEU – Recent Developments in Value Added Tax 2017 (pp. 51–78). Linde Verlag. Kalimo, H., & Söebech, Ò. & Mateo, E. & Sedefov, F. (2019). Giving Biojet Wings. Policy Instruments for a Carbon Neutral Aviation Sector. Colorado Natural Resources, Energy and Environmental Law Review, 30(2), Mattelaer, A. (2019a). Defence Burden Sharing: A Perennial Debate in International Alliance Management. In R. Matthews (Ed.), The Political Econo- 3–41. my of Defence (pp. 217–232). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,. Klose, S. (2019). The emergence and evolution of an external actor’s regional role: An interactionist role theory Mattelaer, A. (2019). The EU and NATO: The essential partners. In G. Lindstrom & T. Tardy (Eds.), Cooperation on capability development (pp. 37–47). perspective. Cooperation and Conflict: Nordic Journal of International Studies, 54(3), 426–441. Paris: European Union - Institute for Security Studies. Lamensch, M. (2019). Plateformes numériques: développements récents en matière de fiscalité.Revue Inter- Oberthur, S. (2019). Representation and Accountability of the European Union in Global Governance Institutions. In M. Tanasescu & C. Dupont (Eds.), nationale de Droit Economique, 3, 329–346. The Edges of Political Representation: Mapping, Critiquing and Pushing the Boundaries. (pp. 47–64). London: Rowman & Littlefield.

PUBLICATIONS Lefevere, J., De Swert, K., & Tsoulou-Malakoudi, A. (2019). Sub-constituency Campaigning in PR Systems. Trauner, F., & Ripoll Servent, A. (2019). Justice and Home Affairs in the European Union. In E. J. Mullen (Ed.), Oxford Bibliographies in Social Work Evidence from the 2014 General Elections in Belgium. Politics of the Low Countries., 1(3), 237–256. (pp. 1–17). Oxford: Oxford University Press Lefevere, Jonas, Julie Sevenans, Stefaan Walgrave, en Christophe Lesschaeve. 2019. “Issue Reframing by Trauner, F. (2019). The UK’s future relationship with Europol – Understanding the Trade-Offs. In H. Carrapico, A. Niehuss, & C. Berthelemy (Eds.), Parties: The Effect of Issue Salience and Ownership”. Party Politics 25(4): 507–19. Brexit and Internal Security. Political and Legal Concerns of the future UK-EU Relationship (pp. 80–82). Palgrave Macmillan. ANNEX ANNEX

PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS

Oberthür, S. (2019). Hard or Soft Governance? The EU’s Climate and Energy Policy Framework for 2030. Politics and Governance, 7(1), 17-27. Ernst, M. (2019). Doi moi and the February 2019 Trump-Kim Summit in Hanoi. IES Korea Chair Policy Brief, 2019(02). Pacheco Pardo, R., & Klingler-Vidra, R. (2019). The Entrepreneurial Developmental State: What is the Perceived Impact of South Korea’s Creative Economy Action Plan on Entrepreneurial Activity? Asian Studies Review, 43(2), 313-331. Ernst, M., Pacheco Pardo, R., Kim, T., & Desmaele, L. (2019). Hanoi Summit Explained: the Key Players’ Views. In Korea Chair Explains. Perot, E. (2019). The art of commitments: NATO, the EU, and the interplay between law and politics within Europe’s collective defence architecture. European Security, 28(1), 40–65. Ernst, M., Pacheco Pardo, R., Kim, T., & Desmaele, L. (2019). Survey analysis: One year after the Singapore summit. KF-VUB Korea Chair Report, 12 Jun 2019. Potjomkina, D. (2019). EU's value-based approach in trade policy: (free) trade for all? Global Affairs, 5(1), 63-72. Ernst, M., Pacheco Pardo, R., Park, K. B., & Kim, E. (2019). Injuries in the DPRK: The Looming Epidemic. In KF- Prange-Gstöhl, H. (2019). The EU’s Approach to Transatlantic Science and Research Relations: Between ‘Laissez Faire’ and ‘Science Diplomacy.’ VUB Korea Chair and Harvard Medical School Report. European Foreign Affairs Review, 24(2), 81–98. Giuli, M., Bjerkem, J., Pilati, M., Dheret, C., & Sipka, S. (2019). An industry action plan for a more competitive, Roos, C., & Westerveen, L. (2019). The conditionality of EU freedom of movement: normative change in the discourse of EU institutions. Journal of sustainable and strategic European Union (p. 64). European Policy Centre. European Social Policy, 1-16. Kalimo, H., & Mateo, E. (2019). EU External Trade and Investment Policy Influences on Aviation Biofuels (p. Vander Vennet, N., and Salman, M. (2019), "Strategic Hedging and Changes in Geopolitical Capabilities for Second-Tier States", Chinese Political 23). Production of fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuel from wood and other biomass (BFSJ 612). Science Review, Vol. 4, No, (1): pp. 86-134. Kim, T., & Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019). The Second US-DPRK Summit in Hanoi. Silvestre, S. (2019). Understanding the European Integration in the Asylum Policy: State-of-the-Art and Avenues for Future Research. Journal of Con- temporary European Research, 15(4), 401–409. Lavallée, C. (2019). The EU policy for civil drones: the challenge of governing emerging technologies. IES Policy Brief. Van Langenhove, L. (2019). Who cares? Science Diplomacy and the global commons. Australian Quarterly, 90(4), 18–27. Lefevere, J., Aelst, V., & P. & Peeters, J. (2019). Politieke advertenties op Facebook, een andere vorm van Verbruggen, M. (2019). The Role of Civilian Innovation in the Development of Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems. Global Policy, 10(3), 338–342. campagnevoeren? Een vergelijking van Facebookadvertenties en krantenadvertenties in de aanloop naar de verkiezingen van 2019. (p. 10). Marsden, C., & Meyer, T. (2019). How can the law regulate removal of fake news? Computers and Law, 2019 FULL ARTICLES IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS WITHOUT PEER REVIEW (Feb.). Marsden, C., & Meyer, T. (2019). Regulating disinformation with artificial intelligence:Effects of disinformation Adam, I., & Torrekens, C. (2019). Pratiques religieuses des Belges de confession musulmane. La Revue Nouvelle, 6, 61–75. initiatives on freedom of expression and media pluralism. STOA/ESMH Options Brief, 4. (March). Kim, T. (2019). U.S. Trans-Pacific and Trans-Atlantic Alliances: A Comparison.Georgetown Journal of International Affairs. Pacheco Pardo, R., Kim, T., Desmaele, L., & Ernst, M. (2019). One year after the Singapore summit: An analysis of the views of the publics of the US, China, Japan and Russia about the situation in the Korean Peninsula. Lamensch, M. (2019). Trust: A sustainable option for future of the EU VAT system? Column. International VAT Monitor, 29(2), 53–54. KF-VUB Korea Chair Report, 21 Jun 2019. Perot, E. (2019). The Blurring of War and Peace. Survival: Global Politics and Strategy, 61(2), 101–110. Pacheco Pardo, R., Kim, T., Desmaele, L., Ernst, M., Cantero Dieguez, P., & Villa, R. (2019). Moon Jae-In’s Policy Van Langenhove, L., & Wise, D. (2019). The relation between social representation theory and Positioning Theory. The Relation between Social Rep- Towards Multilateral Institutions: Continuity and Change in South Korea’s Global Strategy. KF-VUB Korea resentation Theory and Positioning Theory, 28(1). Chair Report, Dec 2019. Potjomkina, D. (2019). Governmentality in EU external trade and environment policy: between rights and mar- ket. International Affairs, Vol. 95, Issue 4, pp. 945-946. ALL OTHER PUBLICATIONS AIMED AT THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY Salman, M., and Bircan, T. (2019). Refugee Students’ Experience with the European Higher Education System. A Belgian Case Study. Institute for European Studies Policy Papers Issue 2019/01. Adam, I., & Thym, D. (2019). Integration. In P. D. B. Brouwer, M. De Somer, & J.-L. De (Eds.), From Tampere 20 to Tampere 2.0 : Towards a New European Trauner, F. (2019). EU Internal Security: Countering Threats and/or Respecting Fundamental Rights. Jean Consensus on Immigration (pp. 73–86). Brussels: European Policy Centre, Odysseus Network and Egmont Institute. Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series, 2019(05), 14. PUBLICATIONS Adam, I., Trauner, F., Jegen, L., & Roos, C. (2019). West African Interests in (EU) Migration Policy. Policy Brief 04/2019, United Nations University Trauner, F., Jegen, L., Adam, I., & Roos, C. (2019). The International Organization for Migration in West Africa: (UNU-CRIS), Bruges. Why its Role is Getting More Contested. UNU-CRIS Working Paper, Policy Brief, 2019(03), 1–5. Desmaele, L. (2019). US Forces Korea in the balance: Time to go home? KF-VUB Korea Chair Policy Brief, Mar 2019. van Erkel, P., Lefevere, J., Walgrave, S., Jennart, I., Kern, A., Marien, S., & Baudewyns, P. (2019). Verschuivingen Desmaele, L., & Simón, L. (2019). East Asia First, Europe Second: Picking Regions in US Grand Strategy. War on The Rocks. in Partijvoorkeur. Veranderingen in Partijvoorkeur 2014 - 2019, en tijdens de verkiezingscampagne van 2019. ANNEX ANNEX

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Van Langenhove, L. (2019). Creating a dialogue of civilisations: Questions of Method. In R. Higgott (Ed.), Civilisations, states, and world order: Where inar: The EU and the Crisis of the International Liberal Order: Past Mistakes, Present Challenges and Future are we? Where are we going?. (pp. 108–114). Berlin:DOC Research Centre. Policies Walgrave, S., Lefevere, J., Van Erkel, P. F. a., Jennart, I., Rihoux, B., Van Ingelgom, V., Baudewyns, P., e.a. (2019). Vlamingen en Walen stemden voor Potjomkina, D. (2019). Please Mind the Gap: Expectations and Reality of the EU’s Consultations on Trade verschillende partijen maar verschillen minder van mening over het beleid dat ze willen. (p. 12). Issues. Toronto: ISA Annual Convention 2019 Westerveen, L., & Manchenko, M. (2019). (In)visible generations: from integration to equality. Institute for European Studies Policy Brief Issue Potjomkina, D. (2019). The (Not So) Subtle Unilateral Power? EU’s Engagement with Civil Society in the Frame- 2019/02. work of EU-Georgia DCFTA. Lisbon: UACES 49th Annual Conference. Potjomkina, D. (2019). Wisdom from Experience: How Civil Society Perceives Its Inclusion in EU Trade Poli- cy-making. Toronto: ISA Annual Convention 2019. PAPERS PRESENTED AT CONFERENCES Walgrave, S., van Erkel, P., Jennart, I., Lefevere, J., & Baudewyns, P. (n.d.). How issue salience pushes voters to the left or to the right. D'Agostino, S. (2019). Transnational Political Opportunity Spaces for Intersectional Activisms: Does ‘Quality’ Matter? Exploring Romani Women’s Shahin, J., (2019). Multistakeholder governance of the internet: A European non-approach? Dublin: Future Mobilisation at the European Level, paper presented at 26th International Conference of Europeanists (20-22 June 2019); and European Confer- Visions of a Democratic Internet Conference. ence on Politics & Gender (ECPG) 3-6 July 2019. Stutz, P. (2019). Cooperating or window-dressing: A fuzzy set analysis of EU migration cooperation extensity Drieghe, L., Orbie, J., & Shahin, J. (2019). Understanding the impact of Multistakeholderism on global and regional governance, A revised proposal for with third countries. Mainz: Workshop on Europe's role in Global Migration Governance, 04.-05.07.2019. an analytical framework. Paris: Making Trade Policy More Inclusive Conference. Stutz, P. & Trauner, F. (2019). Establishing a bird’s eye view on EU return policy: how much do third countries Gallina, M., Baudewyns, P., & Lefevere, J. (2019). The role of political sophistication in shaping reasons to vote for populist parties: the case of Vlaams cooperate? Wrocław: ECPR General Conference, 04.-07.09.2019. Belang in the 2019 Federal Election. 16. Brussels: Belgium the State of the Federation conference 2019. Tacea, A, “From the respect of national legal diversity to political motivation: the use of reasoned opinions by Goldberg, A., Lefevere, J., & Vreese, C. H. de. (n.d.). Bringing issue ownership voting to the next level: Competence Perceptions and Electoral Choice national parliaments in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice”, 26th International Conference of Euro- in EP elections, and the Moderating Influence of Attribution of Responsibility. Wrocław: ECPR General Conference 2019. peanists, Madrid, June 20-22, 2019. Gheuens, J. (2019). EU climate and energy policy: how myopic is it? Paper presentation at workshop Roskilde University "Energy and environmental Tacea, A, “Using data mining and data processing to understand the EU law-making process policies – their interdependence in European integration and in creating sustainability". in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice”, 15th Congress of the French Political Science Association, Goldberg, A., Lefevere, J., & Vreese, C. H. de. (n.d.). Bringing issue ownership voting to the next level: Competence Perceptions and Electoral Choice Bordeaux, July 2-4, 2019 in EP elections, and the Moderating Influence of Attribution of Responsibility. Wrocław: ECPR General Conference 2019. Tacea, A., Trauner F., “Inter-parliamentary cooperation in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice : an in- Lavallée, C., (17 January 2019). The European Commission’s Policy Entrepreneurship in European Security. Newcastle: Third BISA European Security effective tool of policy influence ?, Workshop “Inter-parliamentary Relations in the post-Lisbon European Working Group Workshop on The Future of European Security. Union”, Maison des Sciences Humaines, University of Luxemburg, 3-4 October 2019 Lefevere, J., van Erkel, P., Walgrave, S., Jennart, I., Baudewyns, P. & Rihoux, B., (19 December 2019) Represented yet Resentful? Issue Incongruence Van Kerckhoven, S. (2019) Worth Fighting For? Selection of FTBs for WTO litigation, Belfast, EPSA conference, and Resentment of the Political System. 21 June 2019. Lefevere, J., & Van Aelst, P. (2019). Towards a First-Order Arena? Domestic vs European Attention in Belgian Party Campaigns, 2014-2019. 21. Van Kerckhoven, S. and Wellman, C.R. (2019). Entering Goliath’s arena: The rise of new beer in Belgium: how Wrocław: ECPR General Conference 2019. new players contend in a tied (house) market, Beeronomics Conference, Plzen, 13 June 2019. Lefevere, J., & Van Aelst, P. (2019). Towards a First-Order Arena? Domestic vs European Attention in Belgian Party Campaigns, 2014-2019. 26. Van Kerckhoven, S. (2019) Shifting Locations and Oversight: Clearing Houses after Brexit, Workshop, Gent, Poznan: ECREA Political Communication Section Interim Conference 17 January 2019. Magazzini, T. & D'Agostino, S. (2019). Superdiversity meets Intersectionality: Exploring New Diversity-related Challenges in Europe, paper presented Vetulani-Cęgiel, A. & Meyer, T., (16 May 2019). Power to the people? Evaluating citizen participation in EU at the 16th IMISCOE Annual Conference, 26-28 June 2019. online copyright policy. Salerno: GIG-ARTS 2019. Meyer, T., Marsden, C., & Brown, I. (2019). When you let technology decide. The effects of AI disinformation initiatives on freedom of expression and

PUBLICATIONS Vetulani-Cęgiel, A. & Meyer, T., (6 September 2019). Power to the people? Evaluating the European Commis- media pluralism. sion’s engagement efforts in EU online copyright policy. Wrocław: ECPR General Conference 2019. Pilet, J.-B., Haute, V., E., Walgrave, S., Celis, K., Lefevere, J., Deschouwer, K., Marien, S., Rihoux, B., & Van Ingelgom, V. (2019). Decomposing political Verbruggen, M., (28 March 2019). Why is spin-in not yet a win-win? Obstacles to technology transfer of AI from resentment from a citizens’ perspective. An exploration into the 2019 Belgian Election Study. the civilian to the military sector. Toronto: International Studies Association annual conference. Potjomkina, D. (2019). No Chance of Contributing to “Better Regulation”?: The Case of EU’s Consultations on Trade Issues. Ottawa: Research Sem- ANNEX ANNEX

PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS

Verbruggen, M., (29 March 2019). A historical overview of the evolving dynamic between the laws of war and military innovation. Toronto: Interna- Verbruggen, M. (2019). The question of swARMS CONTROL: Challenges to ensuring human control over military tional Studies Association Annual Conference. swarms. EU Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Consortium. Verbruggen, M., (27 June 2019). The role of China in US military pursuit of AI. Paris: European Initiative for Security Studies. Verbruggen, M., (27 October 2019). The question of swARMS CONTROL–Challenges to Ensuring Human Control over Military Swarms. Darmstadt: SCIENCE x PEACE x SECURITY. NEWSPAPER OP-EDS AND ONLINE COMMENTARY

COMMISSIONED RESEARCH AND POLICY WORK Giuli, M. (2019, October 3). Euro: energia, maggiore statuto = maggiore peso geo-economico. Affari Internazionali. Giuli, M. (2019, November 19). La neutralità climatica e la sicurezza energetica dell’Europa. Limes: Rivista Italiana Bernecker, P., Meyer, T., Shahin, J. & Söebech, O. 2019. H2020 CSA Designscapes. Feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in Brussels. (p. 9). Di Geopolitica. Bernecker, P., Meyer, T., Shahin, J. & Söebech, O. 2019. H2020 CSA Designscapes. Feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in Brussels: final Giuli, M. (2019, December 18). Il clima al centro: ragioni e conseguenze del Green Deal europeo. Limes: Rivista report (p. 4). Italiana Di Geopolitica. Kalimo, H., Mateo, L. (2019) EU External Trade and Investment Policy Influences on Aviation Biofuels. Report D8.1.5. in Project BFSJ 612763 (p. 23) Kim, T., & Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019, August 8). Why, to American voters, Trump is already winning on North Korea. European Commission. NK News. Kalimo, H., Mateo, L. & Söebech, Ò. (2019). International Trade Law implications of Innovative Aviation Biofuels Policies Report D8.1.6. in Project Mattelaer, A. (2019, July 16). Kernwapens in België weg willen is makkelijk gezegd, maar snapt iedereen de im- BFSJ 612763 (p. 79) European Commission. pact voor onze veiligheid? VRT. Mattelaer, A. (2019). Articulating the logic of nuclear-sharing. In Security Policy Briefs no. 116. Egmont - Royal Institute for International Relations. Mattelaer, A. (2019, December 17). Brexit zet extra druk op formatiegesprekken. De Tijd. Mattelaer, A. (2019). Fostering Belgo-German connectivity in the heart of Europe. In European Policy Briefs no. 55. Egmont - Royal Institute for Meyer, T. & Marsden, C. (2019, March 20). A scientist’s opinion: interview with Dr Trisha Meyer & Prof Chris Mars- International Relations. den about technology & disinformation. European Science Media Hub. Mattelaer, A. (2019). The 2019 UK General Election: Towards a Brexit Catharsis? In European Policy Briefs no. 58. Egmont - Royal Institute for Inter- Meyer, T. & Marsden, C. (2019, March 20). The promise and limitations of technological solutions to disinforma- national Relations. tion. European Science Media Hub. Mattelaer, A. (2019). The resurgence of bilateral diplomacy in Europe. In Egmont Papers no. 104 (p. 20). Egmont - Royal Institute for International Meyer, T. (2019, May 9). Swaying and safeguarding. Developments in technology and neuroscience offer re- Relations. searchers new opportunities to study and influence elections. Research Europe. Marsden, C. & Meyer, T. (2019). Regulating disinformation with Artificial Intelligence (AI). The effects of disinformation initiatives on freedom of Van Langenhove, L. (2019, July). Examining EU leadership in science and cultural diplomacy. Horizon Magazine. expression and media pluralism. European Parliament. (p. 83). Van Langenhove, L. (2019d, August 19). The Coolness of Brexit. UNU-CRIS Website. Meyer, T., Söebech, O., Shahin, J. & Bernecker, P. (2019). PARENT Brussels pilot report: D6.2. (p. 52). Van Langenhove, L. (2019, September 9). Studeren in Rome, Madrid en Antwerpen tegelijk. De Standaard. Meyer, T., Shahin, J., Söebech, Ó. & Bernecker, P. (2019). PARENT Joint pilots and living labs evaluation report: D7.5 (p. 22). Van Langenhove, L. (2019, November 8). The psychology of walls and the need for windows of dialogue. Walls Nagabhatla N., Perera, D., Gheuens, J. , Wale, C. and Devlin, M. (2019). Managing disaster risk and water security: Strategies for Small Island Devel- DOC Website. oping States. UNU-INWEH Policy Brief, Issue 6. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Van Langenhove, L., & Higgott, R. (2019, March 26). Lessons learned from the EL-CSID project. EL-CSID Website. Perot, E. (2019). The Aachen Mutual Defence Clause: A Closer Look at the Franco-German Treaty. Egmont Security Policy Brief No. 105. Shahin, J., Meyer, T., Groen, L., & Söebech, Ó. (2019). PARENT Final Recommendations: D9.2. Söebech, Ó., Foss Ballo, I., Alskaif, T. & Niessing, H. (2019). PARENT Communication report: D10.2 (p. 45). Söebech, O., Shahin, J. & Meyer, T. 2019. PARENT Scientific communication report: D10.3 (p.9). PUBLICATIONS Söebech, Ó., & Williams, H. (2019). PARENT User analysis report: Strategies for stakeholder engagement: D4.3 (p. 26). Van Der Vet, I. (2019). Mindb4Act Deliverable 1.4. Macro-Survey (p.64). Van Der Vet, I. (2019). Mindb4Act D4.1. Database on various court decisions on human rights, radicalisation and security (p. 222). Van Kerckhoven, S. (2019). Europe’s Trade Strategy, European Business Summit Policy Paper Institute for European Studies 2019 Activity Report

Published by: Prof. Karel De Gucht, IES President Compiled and edited by Anthony Antoine, Jurgen Smet and Maja Kovacevic With the kind assistance of all the researchers and secretariat staff at the IES.

All pictures courtesy of IES and VUB.