Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 458 Proceedings of the International Conference On Social Studies, Globalisation And Technology (ICSSGT 2019)

Strategy of Tourism and Culture Office in Culture Development Event in City

1st Sri Hidayati 2nd Aldri Frinaldi* Magister оf Publіс Administration, Fасultу оf Mаgіѕtеr оf Publіс Admіnіѕtrаtіоn, Fасultу оf Sосіаl Sсіеnсеѕ, Social Sсіеnсеѕ, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Unіvеrѕіtas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indоnеѕіа, Indоnеѕіа. [email protected] [email protected]

Abstract—Tabuik is a cultural event in community in introducing Pariaman culture, Pariaman city which attracts thousands of (4) providing access to transportation that tourists to witness. Hovewer, beyond its provides for tourists, (5) socializing to the uniqueness, it has its shortages in means and whole community about Tabuik, (6) increasing infrastructures. The strategy must be done to supervision so that visitors are more comfor- overcome the problem. This research used table, (7) collaborating with private parties to qualitative approach with descriptive methods, increase tabuik cultural events, (8) completing informants were determined by Purposive facilities and infrastructure to support the Sampling. Data was collected through implementation of tabuik cultural events, (9) observation, interviews, and documentation collaboration with the Office of communi- studies. Data analysis used SWOT analysis cation and information related to network through installation of data processing, data improvement communication, (10) including analysis, data reduction, gathering conclusions. various types of tabuik rituals that were The results of this study show how there were different from other regions, (11) Placing the 13 strategies of the Department of Tourism and socio-cultural side, (12) acting on people who Culture in developing tabuik cultural events in practiced liar parking and raising food prices, the City of Pariaman, namely (1) displaying (13) implementing and increasing coordination ritual plans in the process of making tabuik, with stakeholders. (2) integrating between tabuik cultural events Keywords—Development Strategy, Tourism with senior artists, (3) high solidarity from the and Culture Office, Tabuik Cultural Event

I. INTRODUCTION community through the development of regional culture or regional cultural arts in order to The implementation of the Indonesian become a tourist attraction that is able to attract government today is regional autonomy that is tourist visits both foreign and domestic tourists important [1]. The existence of regional so that it can introduce the culture of the region governments in national governments can be while preserving historical heritage and found in every country. Determination of improving the welfare of the people's regional autonomy provides logical conse- economy. One of the ways to increase tourist quences for the region to be able to take care of attraction is through arts and cultural their own households and have an intense performances that are presented interestingly to responsibility for the prosperity of their people be shown to tourists. through development activities [2]. The City of Pariaman is a sloping lowland The government with the community stretch located on the west coast of Sumatra with together seek to improve the welfare of the a height of between 2 and 35 meters above sea

Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 519 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 458

level with a land area of 73 , 36 km² with a divinity or worship), its implemen-tation is coastline of ± 12.7 km and an area of sea waters merely a ceremony to commemorate Husain's of 282.69 km² with 6 small islands including death, even tabuik has become a cultural feast of Bando Island, Gosong Island, Ujung Island, children of Piaman (Pariaman). Tangah Island, Angso Island and Kasiak This tabuik ritual tradition has been inherited Island. from generation to generation by the Pariaman Pariaman City’s people are unique compared community since about two centuries ago with to the ethnic group in various processions carried out such as mambiak general. Some of the unique culture in the City land, manabang banana stems, panja down, of Pariaman are bathing in balimau, eating maatam, mangarak fingers, parade of turban, Bajamba, basapa in the act, the prophet's tabuik naiak pangkek, mahoyak tabuikfrom birthday and tabuik . Among these five cultural Pariaman Market to the beach and finally Tabuik uniqueness, the author is interested in taking Tabuang. Over time, the Batabuik tradition then the tabuik cultural tradition as a cultural as became a ritual tradition and cultural identity of a cultural event which is always there every year the Pariaman community and this Tabuik in the month of Muharam because it has the celebration has echoes reaching various regions potential to increase tourism in the City of of the archipelago. Pariaman [3]. Tabuik is a cultural heritage in the The most important thing, according to the form of rituals or ceremonies that developed in City of Pariaman, tabuik as a tourism has the Pariaman since about two centuries ago. The main goal which is to lift the image of Pariaman word tabuik comes from the ark (Arabic), which tourism to foreign countries. This agreement means a chest or wood[4]. Ark which means then resulted in a policy that the government coffin is a general understanding, but the word became the funder for the implementation of the ark has a certain extraordinary context, namely tabuik party since the tabuik cultural party was the Prophet Musa, Islamic Shiite religious designated as a tourism destination in the rituals, the tabuik ceremony in Pariaman and the national tourism calendar. tabot ceremony in Bengkulu. All the costs resulting from the Tabuik party is the influence of the rituals of implementation of this decision charged to the Shiite Muslims. For Shi'ites the respect of Regional Budget (APBD) DPA Department of Husayn for his death becomes a major religious Tourism and Pariaman City Culture in 2019 sacred ritual such as in Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, durin the facilitation of the Tabuik Piaman India, Afghanistan and in other Shiite Muslim Cultural Festival and other non-obligatory and countries [4]. The difference from the Pariaman binding donations, with the amount of funds community is that the ceremony does provided varying annually as in the table below not become a faith (a belief that relates to [5]:

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Table 1. Tabuik's Party Fund Allocation No Year The Overall Budget of Tabuik The budget Piaman's Charm Tabuik Procession

1 2015 914,700,000 250,000,000 2 2016 870,000,000 250,000,000

3 2017 808,800,000 280,000,000 4 2018 799,998,000 280,000,000

5 2019 740,000,000 280,000,000

Source: Pariaman City Tourism and Culture Office In the implementation of this tabuik, many enjoying the taboo cultural festival that was people witnessed the tabuik tradition, but not all held. But if it is not supported by adequate people know the meaning of communi-cation tourism facilities, infrastructure, the public and contained in the tabuik cultural party active role of goverment in controlling and the procession, they only participated in enlivening increasing price during tabuik cultural party, even some people who still consider tabuik as a dissatisfaction will be felt by the visitors of the Shiite sect. Broadly speaking, many meanings of tabuik cultural party in Pariaman which has an communication contained in the tabuik impact o decreasing tourism income for the year celebrations are an integral part of the social and [6]. cultural aspects that have a long history in the From this statement it can be concluded that Pariaman community. Through tabuik, people the government of Pariaman City as the host in can unite (socialize) and express the cultural the tabuik cultural party Pariaman must crystalli-zation of Pariaman. participate in controlling and overseeing the The main problem is the lack of socialization stability of prices and other entertainments from the local government to the people of which are deemed necessary to improve ser- Pariaman city about the history of the tabuik vices to visitors to avoid negative perceptions of where the tabuik is held every month, so many visitors who enjoy tabuik cultural parties people do not know about the history of Pariaman. tabuik. They only went along to enliven the tabuik cultural party and their knowledge of II. METHOD tabuik was limited to ceremonial events and the This study uses qualitative research with a wrong interpretation of tabuik (shirk). descriptive method to find out a picture of how Publication or notification to the wider the department of tourism and cultu- community is still minimal so it needs to be re's strategy in developing tabuik cultural events improved in the future. Tabuik cultural party has in the City of Pariaman. By using this approach, been included in the tourism agenda of researchers try to interact and build Pariaman City in embracing tourists from communication with the parties needed in this various regions. Pariaman's vision and mission study [7]. This study also interprets or translates is to make the city a tourist destination and a with the language of researchers about the creative economy based on the environment, results of research obtained from field culture and religion so it needs an increase in information as interviews to get an explanation publications. of the existing conditions. The promotion of tourism that is so large that Researchers used several data collection it reaches overseas must be supported by techniques including, interviews, and study adequate facilities and infrastructure and the documentation. In this case the authors use data community plays an active role in controlling analysis techniques namely SWOT analysis, prices so it makes visitors feel satisfaction after systematically identifying various factors to

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formulate the expected strategies in order to to make events culture tabuik more famous solve the problem. This analysis is based on logic facilities and infrastructure supporting event that can maximize strengths and opportunities, culture tabuik inadequate (rentals, sales of souve but at the same time can maximize weaknesses nirs, a place of prayer) , breakdown of communi- and threats [8]. cation networks during the event tabuik , less knowledge about tabuik in the community, III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION the lack of government monitoring and Strategy management will implement evaluation of food prices and parking prices. policies (policy making). Policy making is the 3. Opportunities in the Tourism and Culture policy preparation step needed to implement the Office in Developing Tabuik Cultural event requested strategy. Policy will link strategy formulation with strategy implementation [9]. Opportunity are an important favorable The basic strategy of all company managers can situation in the corporate/organizational environ prepare an implementation strategy. From the ment [8]. Important trend is a source of opportu above agreed strategies accepted in the tabuik nities. In the expert's opinion above the culture development event is the initial step or opportunity for a trend that will be achieved in initial step needed. the future by a program is so relevant to this researcher.The fields found in the field are: Econ In writing this article examines the Strategi omy, Social Affairs , Culture, the existence of in n as Tourism and Culture in the development traditional arts and supporting performing arts tabuik cultural event in the city of Pariaman , this when tabuik cultural events are carried out, research method using SWOT analysis technique promotion through social media and electronics. approach to environmental analysis. the process of assessing strengths, weaknesses, oppor- 4. Threats that have the Office of Tourism tunities, and obstacles in general to the and Culture in the Development of organization, here are the points of strengths, the Tabuik Cultural Event in the City of weaknesses, opportunities and threats found in Pariaman the field [8]. Threats are the main nuisance to the current 1. Power Owned by the Tourism and Culture position and desired by the company/ Office in the Development of the Tabuik organization [8]. From the explanation of the Cultural Event in Kota Pariaman theory above, that is, everything that becomes a bother or a bottleneck in a program.The threat Strength (stregths) are the resources, skills or found in the field is, the similarity of cultural other advantage, relative to competitors and traditions with other regions, Syiah issues. market needs are serviced or want to be served by the organization/company [8]. In imple- 5. Strategy of Tourism and Culture Office in menting the strategy of the Office of Tourism Developing Tabuik Cultural Event in Kota and Culture in the development of tabuik Pariaman cultural events where the strength found in the SWOT Analysis as one of the stages in field are: The uniqueness of the process of strategic management which is an environ- making tabuik, social and cultural commu- mental analysis approach [8]. The tool used to nity, accessibility (smooth flow of transporta- compile corporate strategy factors is the SWOT tion). matrix. This matrix can clearly illustrate how 2. Weaknesses of the Tourism and Culture external opportunities and threats faced by the Office in the Development of the Tabuik company can be adjusted to the strengths and Cultural Event weaknesses they have. This matrix can produce four sets of possible alternative strategies . The Weaknesses are limitations or deficiencies in following points-po in primary data that has resources, skills and capabilities that seriously been processed to produce a strategy on hinder the effective performance of a developing the event culture tabuik. company/organization[8]. Weaknesses ditemu right field,namely, t erbatasnya budget

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1. Strategy S - O (StrengthsOpportunities) maatam, to tabuik tabuang in the sea. All of these ceremonies functioned in building a sense of S-O (Strength and Oppurtunity) Strategy. solidarity between fellow citizens or the This strategy is made based on the company's community including visitors who came very mindset, namely by utilizing all the power to clearly at the Tabuik Tabuang ceremony. seize and take advantage of opportunities as much as possible, the alternative strategies d. Providing smooth transportation access for recommended as a strength-opportunity the convenience of tourists . The transportation strategy are [8]: access provided by the government has been going well, by providing traffic engineering a. Showing ritual attractions in the process of maps to tourists going to the Gandoriah beach making tabuik in the implementation of tabuik where the tabuik cultural event cultural events in the City of Pariaman, the is held. Engineering maps provided by the government together with the community seeks government will make it easier for tourists to to display the ritual attractions of making tabuik. find out which roads occur in traffic congestion. The ritual performed that include maambiak tanah which is the ritual of taking the land into 2. Strategy W-O (Weaknesses opportunities) rivers, manabang batang pisang stem is a banana W-O Strategy or the Weakness-Opportunity tree right felled previously taken at a location by strategy is a strategy that aims to improve the some youths sebag ai picture search for corpses program's internal weaknesses by utilizing Husa in, down panja is a decrease sega l a tools external opportunities. Some of the strategies especially the fingers that had been stored after recommended as part of the opportunity execution of the event tabuik years ago to be weakness strategy are [8]: cleaned, maatam is a procession depicting grief over pe nderitaan suffered by Husain during a. Disseminating information to the whole the pe mbantaian on him in Karbala, mangarak community about tabuik. Implementation of fingers do the crossing various neighborhoods as the development of tabuik cultural events, there picture malignancy Yazid's army, mangarak are several obstacles that are found, namely turban is a depiction is shallow li followers many people who do not know about the Husain after find Hussein, tabuik naiak pangkek is history of tabuik , the meaning of the holding a merger pangkek bawah and pangkek ateh of tabuik , the meaning of the symbols of previously made separately, maoyak tabuik is as a the tabuik for that the government must be reminder back funeral Husain, tabuik tabuang a extra in socializing the history og tabuik procession lastly throw tabuik ka lauik . These among the people. ritual ceremonies are done to attract visitors to b. Increased supervision so that visitors are more come to Pariaman and they feel enthusiastic comfortable. With the aim of expecting the about knowing the process of making tabuik. opportunities to be achieved, it can use a strategy to improve supervision so that there b.Combining tabuik cultural events with tradition. are no more dissatisfaction felt by visitors in The quite long time span during the terms of facilities and infrastructure that implementation of the tabuik the cultural event existed when the tabuik cultural event was utilized by displaying various traditional was held. With the increase in supervision arts including Piaman , Gandang Tasa from the relevant agencies , it has a positive , Silek, Debus, Gamad, and other types impact on the comfort of visitors. of traditions. This traditional art is displayed to c. Cooperating with the private sector in introduce to tourists a variety of arts in the city increasing tabuik cultural events. The strategy of Pariaman. that can be done is to collaborate with the c. High solidarity from the community in private sector is a strategy that can be taken to introducing Pariaman culture. The solidarity overcome the problem of limited the problem aspect can be drawn from a series of ceremonies budget funds provided fot the development that are able to invite sympathy to the of tabuik cultural events, such as conducting community. For example, the activities of fingers, cooperation in the field of management with

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mutually beneficial agreements and 4. Strategy W T (Weaknesses Threats) collaborating with electronic and print media to promoting tabuik cultural events. a. Acting on individuals who practice illegal d. Complementing the facilities and infrastruc parking and raise pricesfood. Efforts that can ture to support the implementation of tabuik be made to the threats found in the field are cultural events. Problems that occur during the increasing the amount of vehicle parking costs implementation of tabuik cultural events are the and rising food and beverage prices when lack of lodging places, lack of places of a tabuik cultural event is carried out from worship and many other complaints felt by related persons. The government must follow tourists. It is hoped that the government can up on individuals who practice extortion of minimize the existing deficiencies. tourists by reprimanding these persons. e. Collaboration with the Office of Communi b.Implement and improve coordination cation and Information related to the with stakeholder. Strategies undertaken to improvement of communication networks. overcome these weaknesses by increasing Weaknesses that occur during the implemen coordination with stakeholders. Coordination tation of tabuik cultural events are tourist comp- is as an adjustment to various organizational laining about the absence of telephone units in each activity so that each section networks or other communication networks provides an optimal contribution to the overall making it difficult for tourists to communicate results. at the time of the tabuik cultural events taking place. The government must cooperate with IV. CONCLUSIONS the Office of Communication and Information The results of the study and discussion can be to overcome this so that complaints from concluded that the strategies in the strategy tourists about the communication network can research of the Tourism and Culture Office in be resolved. developing tabuik cultural events in the City of 3. Strategy S T (Strengths Threats) Pariman were formulated 13 strategies, namely: (1) displaying ritual attractions in the process of a. Featuring various tabuik rituals that are making tabuik, (2) combining tabuik cultural different from other regions. Threats in the events with traditional arts, (3) high solidarity implementation of development event culture from the public in introducing Pariaman culture, tabuik is their similarity with local tradition (4) providing smooth transportation access for others are similarities tabot in Bengkulu with tourists' convenience, (5) Disseminating the tabuik in Pariaman. To anticipate this threat, entire community about tabuik, (6) Increasing the city government must innovate more so supervision so that visitors are more that the implementation of tabuik events in the comfortable, (7) Collaborating with private city of Pariaman has different rituals. parties in increasing tabuik cultural events, (8) b. Highlight the socio-cultural side Completing facilities and infrastructure To reduce the threats that exist supporting the implementation of tabuik about tabuik cultural events, the government cultural events, (9) Collaboration with the Office displays the social and cultural aspects of Communication and Information regarding contained in the meaning of tabuik . That is the the improvement of communication networks. nature of mutual cooperation that grows (10) Showing various kinds of tabuik rituals that between the communities where they help each are different from other regions, (11) other in the process of making tabuik . While the Highlighting the socio-cultural side, (12) Acting cultural side can be seen with on persons who practice illegal parking and the event culture tabuik the cultures that exist in raising food prices, (13) Implementing and the city of Pariaman can be in the highlight increasing coordination with stakeholders. to tourists.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Mr/Mrs lecturers of the Master of Public Administration. This research can be carried out well because of the guidance from Mr. Aldri Frinaldi, SH., M.Hum., Ph.D then criticized and advised from

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