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United Kingdom Veteran Landscape

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United Kingdom Veteran Landscape Military, Veterans, and Society | AUGUST 2020 United Kingdom Veteran Landscape Emma Moore Kayla Williams Zachary Jaynes Center for a New American Security 1152 15th Street NW, Suite 950, Washington, DC 20005 T: 202.457.9400 F: 202.457.9401 CNAS.org @CNASdc United Kingdom Veteran Landscape 2 About the Authors Army (Norton, 2006) and Plenty of Time When We Get Home: Love and Recovery in the Zachary Jaynes is a former Joseph S. Nye Jr. Aftermath of War (Norton, 2014). She holds a Intern for the Military, Veterans, and Society BA from Bowling Green State University and an Program at the Center for a New American MA from American University. Williams is a Security (CNAS). Jaynes is a junior at former member of the VA Advisory Committee Dartmouth College which he attends as a Posse on Women Veterans and the Army Education Foundation Scholar. He is double majoring in Advisory Committee and a current member of government and Middle Eastern studies with a the Department of Labor Advisory Committee on focus on national security. He has worked as a Veterans’ Employment, Training, and Employer research assistant in Dartmouth’s Department of Outreach. She is a 2013 White House Woman Government and was selected to be a War and Veteran Champion of Change and a 2015 Peace Fellow at the John Sloan Dickey Center Lincoln Award recipient. for International Understanding. Prior to Dartmouth, Jaynes was enlisted for five years as About the Military, Veterans, and Society an infantryman and reconnaissance, Program surveillance, and target acquisition scout in 3rd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment. During his The Military, Veterans, and Society program service he graduated from Ranger School, addresses issues facing America’s service participated in a diplomatic mission to Israel, and members, veterans, and military families, deployed to Afghanistan three times. including the future of the All-Volunteer Force, trends within the veteran community, and civil- Emma Moore is a research associate in the military relations. The program produces high- Military, Veterans, and Society Program at impact research that informs and inspires CNAS. She previously served as executive strategic action; convenes stakeholders and assistant and social media lead for Narrative hosts top-quality events to shape the national Strategies, a coalition of scholars and military conversation; and engages policymakers, professionals working to combat violent industry leaders, Congress, scholars, the media, extremism with strategic communication. and the public about issues facing veterans and Additionally, Moore worked as a program the military community. manager with ProVetus, a peer-mentoring organization helping service members transition Acknowledgments into civilian life. She served as an intern at the U.S. Naval War College’s Center on Irregular The authors would like to thank the many Warfare and Armed Groups and at Brown individuals and organizations that have University’s Costs of War Project. Moore holds contributed to and inspired the development of an MA in war studies from King’s College, this research. In addition, the authors extend London, and BA in international relations from their gratitude to Rory Brosius for her time Brown University. reviewing the report. Finally, the authors express their sincere appreciation to CNAS colleagues Kayla Williams is director of the Military, Loren DeJonge Schulman, Melody Cook, and Veterans, and Society Program at CNAS. Maura McCarthy for their time and attention in Previously she served as Director of the Center supporting the work. for Women Veterans at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), where she focused on policies, programs, and legislation. Williams spent eight years at the RAND Corporation researching service-member and veteran health needs and benefits, international security, and intelligence policy. She was enlisted for five years and authored the memoir Love My Rifle More Than You: Young and Female in the U.S. Center for a New American Security 1152 15th Street NW, Suite 950, Washington, DC 20005 T: 202.457.9400 F: 202.457.9401 CNAS.org @CNASdc United Kingdom Veteran Landscape 3 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................ 4 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 STATUS OF VETERANS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ................................................................................................. 7 Scotland ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Northern Ireland ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 OVERVIEW OF THE SECTOR .................................................................................................................................... 12 Government ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 Charitible sector ....................................................................................................................................................... 16 Corporate sector ...................................................................................................................................................... 18 CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................................................. 21 Center for a New American Security 1152 15th Street NW, Suite 950, Washington, DC 20005 T: 202.457.9400 F: 202.457.9401 CNAS.org @CNASdc United Kingdom Veteran Landscape 4 Executive Summary A close history of collaboration in national security and diplomacy between the United States and United Kingdom leads to many similarities between military personnel of both countries, both during and following service. These similarities mean both countries have much to learn from one another regarding best practices for supporting the military community broadly, despite differences in political systems, governance, and cultural norms. The United Kingdom’s veteran support landscape is sometimes considered behind that of the United States, in part due to the sector’s smaller size; however, the robust nature of the U.K.’s welfare state, combined with renewed engagement from the government, have led to significant progress in recent years. U.K. charities fill gaps in areas the government does not serve, while corporations look to recognize veteran skill sets and challenge existing societal narratives of service. The unique role of the Royal Family and Royal Foundation adds a nationwide focus on mental well-being with a key focus on the armed forces community. This landscape analysis provides an overview of support for veterans in the United Kingdom to better understand how the United States’ closest ally supports veterans from a government, charity, and corporate perspective. In addition to examining the efforts of each sector’s support for veterans, this analysis examines the status of veterans across the United Kingdom’s devolved nations. Key findings include: ▪ The charity sector is fairly collaborative, and many involved share a desire to make it better coordinated. ▪ While the government incentivizes and provides benchmarks for corporate veterans support, not all companies know how to support veterans substantively. ▪ The government is taking a leading role to better coordinate and facilitate services. ▪ While nationalized health care means all can receive care, the National Health Service (NHS) is working to make veterans’ care more targeted and culturally competent. ▪ Additional work to change public perceptions of service members and veterans is needed. Center for a New American Security 1152 15th Street NW, Suite 950, Washington, DC 20005 T: 202.457.9400 F: 202.457.9401 CNAS.org @CNASdc United Kingdom Veteran Landscape 5 Introduction The United States and United Kingdom have a long-standing collaborative relationship economically, diplomatically, and militarily. The British Armed Forces regularly deploy alongside the U.S. military, including in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, and the two countries benefit politically from a “special relationship.” Shared history and joint deployments mean there are many similarities between the service experience of personnel from the United States and United Kingdom. Yet differences in political systems, governance, and cultural norms toward the armed forces lead to a U.K. veteran support system that is both more collaborative between government, charity, and corporate actors, and less comprehensive in service offerings than that in the United States. Furthermore, U.K. charitable and government support hold different roles because the U.K. welfare state provides health care, education, and other critical support for all citizens, including veterans. While government-provided health care and education exist for veterans in the United States, they are premised on need, and the sizable nonprofit sector fills in the gaps. The United Kingdom’s veteran landscape is sometimes considered less developed than the United States’ “sea of goodwill,”
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