Children's Rights in the Digital
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Content Regulation in the Digital
Content Regulation in the Digital Age Submission to the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression by the Association for Progressive Communications (APC) February 2018 Introduction 1 I. Company compliance with State laws 2 Terrorism-related and extremist content 3 False news, disinformation and propaganda 4 The “right to be forgotten” framework? 7 How should companies respond to State content regulation laws and measures that may be inconsistent with international human rights standards? 8 II. Other State Requests 9 State requests based on platform terms of service (ToS) and “shadow” requests 9 Non-transparent agreements with companies 10 III. Global removals 11 IV. Individuals at risk 12 V. Content regulation processes 15 VI. Bias and non-discrimination 16 VII. Appeals and remedies 17 VIII. Automation and content moderation 17 IX. Transparency 18 X. General recommendations from APC 19 Introduction The Association for Progressive Communications (APC) is an international network and non- profit organisation founded in 1990 that works to help ensure everyone has affordable access to a free and open internet to improve lives, realise human rights and create a more just world. We welcome this topic because it is current and integral to our work. On the one hand there is a lot of ‘noise’ in the mainstream media about so-called “fake news” and what appears to be a fairly rushed response from platforms consisting of increasing in-house regulation of content. On the other hand, human rights defenders and activists we work with express concern that 1 platforms are removing some of their content in a manner that suggests political bias and reinforcing of societal discrimination. -
Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse Wiebke Lamer Old Dominion University
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Graduate Program in International Studies Dissertations Spring 2014 Neglecting the 'Right on Which All Other Rights Depend': Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse Wiebke Lamer Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds Part of the International Relations Commons, and the Journalism Studies Commons Recommended Citation Lamer, Wiebke. "Neglecting the 'Right on Which All Other Rights Depend': Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse" (2014). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, International Studies, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/j40y- n533 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/74 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Program in International Studies at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NEGLECTING THE ‘RIGHT ON WHICH ALL OTHER RIGHTS DEPEND’: PRESS FREEDOM IN THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS DISCOURSE by Wiebke Lamer B.A. June 2003, De Montfort University, UK M. A. September 2004, University of Leicester, UK M.Sc. September 2008, School of Advanced Study, University of London, UK A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL STUDIES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY May 2014 Approvedby: Kuri Taylor G^rhbatz (Director) tman (Member) Laura Roselle (Member) ABSTRACT NEGLECTING THE ‘RIGHT ON WHICH ALL OTHER RIGHTS DEPEND’: PRESS FREEDOM IN THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS DISCOURSE Wiebke Lamer Old Dominion University, 2014 Director: Dr. -
Operationalising Communication Rights: the Case of a “Digital Welfare State” Marko Ala-Fossi Faculty of Communication Sciences, Tampere University, Finland
INTERNET POLICY REVIEW Journal on internet regulation Volume 8 | Issue 1 Operationalising communication rights: the case of a “digital welfare state” Marko Ala-Fossi Faculty of Communication Sciences, Tampere University, Finland Anette Alén-Savikko University of Helsinki, Finland Jockum Hildén University of Helsinki, Finland Minna Aslama Horowitz University of Helsinki, Finland Johanna Jääsaari Political Science, University of Helsinki, Finland Kari Karppinen Media and Communication Studies, University of Helsinki, Finland Katja Lehtisaari Media and Communication Studies, University of Helsinki, Finland Hannu Nieminen Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland Published on 30 Mar 2019 | DOI: 10.14763/2019.1.1389 Abstract: Academic debates tend focus on attempts to codify and promote communication rights at the global level. This article provides a model to analyse communication rights at a national level by operationalising four rights: access, availability, dialogical rights, and privacy. It highlights specific cases of digitalisation in Finland, a country with an impressive record as a promoter of internet access and digitalised public services. The article shows how national policy decisions may support economic goals rather than communication rights, and how measures to realise rights by digital means may not always translate into desired outcomes, such as inclusive participation in decision-making. Keywords: Communication rights, Access, Availability, Dialogical rights Internet Policy Review | http://policyreview.info 1 March 2019 | Volume 8 | Issue 1 Operationalising communication rights: the case of a “digital welfare state” Article information Received: 15 Nov 2018 Reviewed: 20 Feb 2019 Published: 30 Mar 2019 Licence: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Germany Competing interests: The author has declared that no competing interests exist that have influenced the text. -
Communicating with Children Principles and Practices to Nurture, Inspire, Excite, Educate and Heal
Communicating with Children Principles and Practices to Nurture, Inspire, Excite, Educate and Heal Barbara Kolucki, MA Dafna Lemish, PhD © United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) November 2011 ISBN: 978-0-578-09512-7 Contents Foreword ...................................................................................................iii Acknowledgements ...................................................................................v Introduction ............................................................................................. vii Executive Summary ................................................................................. ix About the Authors ...................................................................................xi PART ONE: WHY CHILDREN, WHY COMMUNICATION? ........................ 1 • Children Are Full Human Beings in Their Own Right .......................3 • Children’s Communication Rights .....................................................3 • Children’s Diverse Media Environments ...........................................5 PART TWO: WHAT WE ALREADY KNOW ABOUT CHILDREN AND MEDIA .............................................................................7 • Media Can Have Both Positive and Negative Influences ................ 9 • Media’s Potential for Making a Difference ...................................... 12 PART THREE: CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND COMMUNICATION NEEDS AND SKILLS ................................................................................ 13 • Major Age Groups: Early Years, Middle -
Claiming and Reclaiming the Digital World As a Public Space
Claiming and Reclaiming the Digital World as a Public Space Experiences and insights from feminists in the Middle East and North Africa www.oxfam.org OXFAM DISCUSSION PAPER – NOVEMBER 2020 This paper seeks to highlight the experiences and aspirations of young women and feminist activists in the MENA region around digital spaces, safety and rights. It explores individual women’s experiences engaging with the digital world, the opportunities and challenges that women’s rights and feminist organizations find in these platforms, and the digital world as a space of resistance, despite restrictions on civic space. Drawing on interviews with feminist activists from the region, the paper sheds light on women’s online experiences and related offline risks, and illustrates patterns and behaviours that prevailed during the COVID-19 pandemic. © Oxfam International November 2020 This paper was written by Francesca El Asmar. Oxfam acknowledges the assistance of Hadeel Qazzaz, Manal Wardé, Neus Tirado Gual, Salma Jrad, Joane Cremesty, Suzan Al Ostaz, Fadi Touma and Mounia Semlali in its production, as well as the contributions of the interviewees who participated in the research process. It is part of a series of papers written to inform public debate on development and humanitarian policy issues. For further information on the issues raised in this paper please email [email protected] This publication is copyright but the text may be used free of charge for the purposes of advocacy, campaigning, education, and research, provided that the source is acknowledged in full. The copyright holder requests that all such use be registered with them for impact assessment purposes. -
Intellectual Privacy and Censorship of the Internet
Georgetown University Law Center Scholarship @ GEORGETOWN LAW 1998 Intellectual Privacy and Censorship of the Internet Julie E. Cohen Georgetown University Law Center, [email protected] This paper can be downloaded free of charge from: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/1963 8 Seton Hall Const. L.J. 693 (1997-1998) This open-access article is brought to you by the Georgetown Law Library. Posted with permission of the author. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub Part of the First Amendment Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons 1998 INTERNET SYMPOSIUM INTELLECTUAL PRIVACY AND CENSORSHIP OF THE INTERNET ProfessorJulie E. Cohen Good morning. I would like to thank the Constitutional Law Journal for inviting me to be here today. I am not a First Amendment lawyer. I am not really a constitutional law- yer, so why am I here? I think that after having heard Dan Burk's presenta- tion, you should realize that intellectual property lawyers need to be First Amendment lawyers as well. You have all heard the aphorism that the Internet interprets censorship as a malfunction and routes around it.' You also may have heard that censorship on the Internet is a terrible thing; in particular, you may have heard this in the context of debates about pornography on the Inter- net or hate speech on the Internet. I would like to suggest to you today, how- ever, that the single most prevalent problem involving censorship on the Inter- net has to do with the protection of intellectual property. If you think about it, intellectual property protection, and particularly copy- right protection, is a form of censorship. -
The Right to Privacy in the Digital Age
The Right to Privacy in the Digital Age April 9, 2018 Dr. Keith Goldstein, Dr. Ohad Shem Tov, and Mr. Dan Prazeres Presented on behalf of Pirate Parties International Headquarters, a UN ECOSOC Consultative Member, for the Report of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Our Dystopian Present Living in modern society, we are profiled. We accept the necessity to hand over intimate details about ourselves to proper authorities and presume they will keep this information secure- only to be used under the most egregious cases with legal justifications. Parents provide governments with information about their children to obtain necessary services, such as health care. We reciprocate the forfeiture of our intimate details by accepting the fine print on every form we sign- or button we press. In doing so, we enable second-hand trading of our personal information, exponentially increasing the likelihood that our data will be utilized for illegitimate purposes. Often without our awareness or consent, detection devices track our movements, our preferences, and any information they are capable of mining from our digital existence. This data is used to manipulate us, rob from us, and engage in prejudice against us- at times legally. We are stalked by algorithms that profile all of us. This is not a dystopian outlook on the future or paranoia. This is present day reality, whereby we live in a data-driven society with ubiquitous corruption that enables a small number of individuals to transgress a destitute mass of phone and internet media users. In this paper we present a few examples from around the world of both violations of privacy and accomplishments to protect privacy in online environments. -
Censorship: What Do School Library Specialists Really Know? a Consideration of Students' Rights, the Law and Implications for a New Education Paradigm
Censorship: What Do School Library Specialists Really Know? A Consideration of Students' Rights, the Law and Implications for a New Education Paradigm W. Bernard Lukenbill is Professor, School of Information, University of Texas at Austin. James F. Lukenbill is Senior Manager, Data/Analytics, Afflicated Computer Services, Austin office. Censorship of school library collections has risen significantly in the last few decades, and such attacks are increasing. American courts have ruled that students in schools have First Amendment rights and some degree of freedom of speech. Courts also have ruled that students have the right to information and to learn and discuss issues of importance within the context of their schools and libraries. This study sought to determine the knowledge levels of a sample of school librarians concerning what they know about and how they support important court rulings that affect students' First Amendment rights. The study also sought to determine predictive behaviors of these librarians in protecting students' First Amendment rights. Basically the study found that the level of knowledge concerning legal rulings is low, but that school librarians in principle support students' rights to information, and that they are willing to advocate for those rights within the confines of their positions. Data also revealed that certain personal and demographic characteristics determine predicative behaviors. The study concludes with suggestions for redefining school librarianship education, emphasizing school library media specialists' professional responsibility to understand freedom of speech issues, laws, and court rulings. Introduction Censorship has been with society since ancient times; and librarianship itself has not escaped the urge to censor and control what is read. -
Annual Report 2017
101110101011101101010011100101110101011101101010011100 10111010101110110101001 10101110001010 EDRi EUROPEAN DIGITAL RIGHTS 110101011101101010011100101011101101010011100101 10101110110101000010010100EUROPEAN010 DIGITAL001 RIGHTS11011101110101011101101100000100101101000 DEFENDING RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS ONLINE 01000111011101110101 101011101101010000100101000100011101110111010101110110110000010010110100001000111011101110101 101110101010011100 101110101011101101010011100 101011101101010000100101000100011101 101011101101010000100101000100011101110111010101110110110000010010110100001000111011101110101 101110101010011100 101110101011101101010011100 1010111011010100001001010001000111011101110101011101101100000 101011101101010000100101000100011101110111010101110110110000010010110100001000111011101110101 101110101010011100 101110101011101101010011100 10101110110101000010010100010001110111011101010111011011000001001011010000100011101110111010 101011101101010000100101000100011101110111010101110110110000010010110100001000111011101110101 101110101010011100 101110101011101101010011100 101011101101010000100101000100011101110111010101110110110000010010110100001000111011101110101 101110101010011100 101110101011101101010011100 EUROPEAN DIGITAL RIGHTS EUROPEAN DIGITAL RIGHTS ANNUAL REPORT 2017 1011011101101110111010111011111011 January 2017 – December 2017 1011011101101110111011101100110111 101011101101010000100101000100011101110111010101110110110000010010110100001000111011101110101 101110101010011100 101110101011101101010011100 101011101101010000100101000100011101110111010101110110110000010010110100001000111011101110101 -
Bridging the Gender Digital Divide from a Human Rights Perspective: APC Submission to the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
Bridging the gender digital divide from a human rights perspective: APC submission to the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Association for Progressive Communications (APC) February 2017 Table of contents 1. Introduction...............................................................................................................3 2. The nature of the gender digital divide..........................................................................4 3. Human rights implications of the gender digital divide for women and girls........................6 3.1. Censorship...........................................................................................................6 3.2. Violence against women online................................................................................7 4. Possible solutions for bridging the gender digital divide from a human rights perspective.....9 4.1. APC’s policy advocacy work to end the gender digital divide from a human rights perspective.................................................................................................................9 Recommendations to states on expanding affordable access......................................10 Recommendations to states on internet governance and regulation.............................10 Recommendations to the private sector on preventing violence against women online...11 4.2. Our work on women's rights and internet access.....................................................11 The Feminist Principles of the Internet.....................................................................12 -
00047-82167.Pdf (548.01
CYVA Research Corporation Abstract Data Slave Trade An Argument for the Abolition of Digital Slavery: The Intrusive & Coercive Collection and Trafficking Of Personal Information for Profit and Power For a Better Union of Social, Economic and Political Liberty, Justice and Prosperity Recognize and Secure the Mutual Rights & Responsibilities of Human-digital Existence Contact: Kevin O’Neil Chairman & CEO 858 793 8100 [email protected] This Abstract (“Abstract”) and the contents herein are owned by CYVA Research Corporation (“CYVA”, “we”, “our”, “us”, or the “Company”) and are being furnished solely for informational purposes. The information contained herein is intended to assist interested parties in making their own evaluations of CYVA. This Abstract does not purport to contain all information that a prospective investor might need or desire in properly evaluating the Company. In all cases, interested parties should conduct their own investigation and analysis of the Company. By accepting this Abstract, each recipient agrees to keep confidential the information contained herein or made available in connection with further investigation of the Company. Each recipient agrees not to reproduce or disclose any such information, in whole or part, to any individual or entity, without the prior written consent of the Company. DRAFT Abstract DRAFT Table of Contents Document Audience, Structure and Purpose 4 Preface 5 Slave Trade Metaphor 5 Network Community 6 1. Introduction: The Data Slave Trade 7 1.1. Our Human Dignity - What Dignity? 7 1.2. Data Protection Laws: Unending Catch-up Game 8 1.3. Awakening: Informational Self-determination 8 1.4. Privacy and Human Dignity Taking a Back Seat to Profits and Power: Recognition and Resistance 9 1.5. -
Digital Technologies and Parenting Education Susan K
Digital Technologies and Parenting Education Susan K. Walker, PhD University of Minnesota [email protected] UN DESA May 14, 2021 1 • Image of quote by Wilma Mankiller UN DESA May 14, 2021 2 Looking the future On one hand… Yet, on the other…. • Greater convenience & • Growing social and racial efficiencies (‘tele-everything’, inequality, worsening security ”smart’ devices, AI boom) and privacy and further spread • Opportunities for personal of misinformation expression, creativity. • Peoples’ mental health will be • Work as more flexible, less challenged bounded by time or place • Job insecurities due to • Adaptable worker skills valued employment shifts to automation, on-demand work Anderson, J., et al, (2021, February 18). Experts say the “New Normal” in 2025 will be far more tech-driven, presenting more challenges. https://www.pewresearch.org UN DESA May 14, 2021 3 UN DESA May 14, 2021 4 Photo credit: Brenda Ann Kenneally @ NYTimes. The most important question we must ask ourselves is, ‘are we being good ancestors’? - Jonas Salk, polio vaccine pioneer The ultimate effects of technology will be determined by technical capabilities and by how technology is used, how individuals, organizations, and policy makers prepare for/respond to shifts in economic/social landscape. National Academies of Science (2017): IT and the US Workforce: Where do we go from here? UN DESA May 14, 2021 5 Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological perspective on human development • Development as influenced by interactions of the person- in process and context – over time. • Systems that the individual interacts with directly and indirectly influence development. Credit: Hchokr at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0 UN DESA May 14, 2021 6 Internet access and use varies around the world.