DOCSLIB.ORG

Development and Improvement of Next Generation Sequencing Pipelines for Mixed and Bulk Samples of German Fauna

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Development and Improvement of Next Generation Sequencing Pipelines for Mixed and Bulk Samples of German Fauna Development and Improvement of Next Generation Sequencing Pipelines for Mixed and Bulk Samples of German Fauna Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Vorgelegt von Laura Anne Hardulak München, 2020 Diese Dissertation wurde angefertigt unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Gerhard Haszprunar im Bereich von der Zoologische Staatssammlung München an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Gerhard Haszprunar 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Roland Melzer Tag der Abgabe: 23.07.2020 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 12.10.2020 Eidesstattliche Erklärung Ich versichere hiermit an Eides statt, dass die vorgelegte Dissertation von mir selbständig und ohne unerlaubte Hilfe angefertigt ist. München, den 16.6.2020 ____________________________ Laura Anne Hardulak Erklärung Hiermit erkläre ich, dass die Dissertation nicht ganz oder in wesentlichen Teilen einer anderen Prüfungskommission vorgelegt worden ist und dass ich mich anderweitig einer Doktorprüfung ohne Erfolg nicht unterzogen habe. München, den 16.6.2020 ____________________________ Laura Anne Hardulak Work presented in this dissertation was performed in the laboratory of Dr. Gerhard Haszprunar, Director of the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany. Work was performed under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Gerhard Haszprunar, Director of Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany and Dr. Axel Hausmann, Head of Department Entomology of the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany. Table of Contents 5 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... 1 List of publications and Declaration of contribution as a co-author .......................................... 2 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 3 Abstract (English) ................................................................................................................ 3 Abstract (German) .............................................................................................................. 4 General Introduction ............................................................................................................... 5 Biodiversity Monitoring ........................................................................................................ 5 Taxonomic Impediment ....................................................................................................... 9 DNA Barcoding ..................................................................................................................11 DNA Metabarcoding ...........................................................................................................17 Summary of Results ...........................................................................................................28 General Discussion ...............................................................................................................33 References ............................................................................................................................44 Appendices ...........................................................................................................................51 Publication I - DNA metabarcoding for biodiversity monitoring in a national park: screening for invasive and pest species .............................................................................................51 Publication II - A DNA barcode library for 5,200 German flies and midges (Insecta: Diptera) and its implications for metabarcoding‐based Biomonitoring ..............................................68 Publication III - DNA Barcoding in Forensic Entomology – Establishing a DNA Reference Library of Potentially Forensic Relevant Arthropod Species ...............................................98 Publication IV - High Throughput Sequencing as a novel quality control method for industrial yeast starter cultures ......................................................................................... 108 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. 115 Abbreviations BIN……………………………………….…….…………………………….…….Barcode Index Number BOLD………………………………………….…………….…………………..Barcode of Life Database bp…………………………..……………………………….…….…….…………....……...……..base pair eDNA…………………………………………………..…….…….environmental Deoxyribonucleic Acid GMTP………….……..………………………………..……………….…..Global Malaise Trap Program HTS………….......................................................................................High Throughput Sequencing LGL…………….………..……………..….…..Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit MOTU ……………...………………….…………..…………… Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit NGS…………………………………….……………….…………….…….Next Generation Sequencing NJ……………...…….…..……………….………………….……………………….…...Neighbor Joining NPBW …………..………………………………………..……..……. .Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald OTU ………………..………………………………….….…………….…...Operational Taxonomic Unit PMI …………………..………………………………….………………..………..….Postmortem interval rDNA…………………………………………………….………..……..ribosomal Deoxyribonucleic Acid ZSM …………...….....………………………..……….…….... Zoologische Staatssammlung München 1 List of publications and Declaration of contribution as a co-author Publication I: “DNA metabarcoding for biodiversity monitoring in a national park: screening for invasive and pest species” Laura Hardulak performed a majority of the laboratory work (sample preparation, DNA extraction, PCRs, and NGS library preparation) for samples collected in 2016. For samples collected in 2018, Laura assisted Jerome Morinière and Dr. Axel Hausmann in supervising the laboratory work, designed the extraction method comparison tests and performed a major portion of them in the laboratory. Laura was responsible for implementing a customized bioinformatic pipeline, performed all statistical tests, generated all plots, and wrote a majority of the manuscript. Publication II: “A DNA barcode library for 5,200 German flies and midges (Insecta: Diptera) and its implications for metabarcoding-based biomonitoring” Laura Hardulak performed the bioinformatic analysis of sequence data for the metabarcoded samples, implementing a customized pipeline for obtaining OTUs from raw NGS data. Laura ran the Automated Barcode Gap Discovery analysis on the generated OTUs, created the presence-absence diagrams, contributed to writing the metabarcoding and data analysis section of the paper, and provided English language editing. Publication III: “DNA Barcoding in Forensic Entomology – Establishing a DNA Reference Library of Potentially Forensic Relevant Arthropod Species” Laura Hardulak participated in support and supervision of the field setup and laboratory work (preparing bulk samples for NGS). Laura performed the bioinformatic analysis of sequence data for the metabarcoded samples, implementing a customized pipeline for processing raw NGS sequence data into OTUs with molecular taxonomic identifications. Laura oversaw the subsequent analysis of the data, wrote a section of the paper on data analysis, and contributed edits to the final manuscript. Publication IV: “High Throughput Sequencing as a novel quality control method for industrial yeast starter cultures” Laura Hardulak collaborated with TUM researchers in designing the experiment, and assisted in supervision of the laboratory work to prepare yeast samples for NGS. Laura performed the bioinformatic analysis of the NGS sequence data, wrote the bioinformatics secion of the paper, and provided English language editing. 2 Summary Abstract (English) As a relatively new technology, DNA metabarcoding has already shown potential for a wide variety of practical applications. Biodiversity monitoring is a discipline of particular importance currently, as hundreds or thousands of species become extinct each year, and most extant species remain undescribed. Metabarcoding can greatly assist in increasing the speed and decreasing the cost of large-scale biodiversity monitoring campaigns, but development and improvement of techniques involved in the steps of a metabarcoding pipeline, from DNA extraction through taxonomic identification of sequence data, are still needed. Projects presented in this thesis cover a range of applications of DNA metabarcoding, from biodiversity monitoring of terrestrial invertebrates, to forensic entomology, reverse taxonomy, and the quality control of food, beverage, and novel food products. A multi-year biomonitoring survey with a special focus on early detection of invasive and/or pest species was conducted in the largest national park in Europe. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of metabarcoding for characterizing biodiversity patterns and phenologies, with Principal Component Analyses and ANOSIM tests showing a significant difference in BIN compositions between groups of samples taken from inside of versus outside of the park, for each of the two study years (2016 r = 0.2, p = 2e-04; 2018 r = 0.239, p = 1e-04). Results of the same study also provide support for employing multiple methods of DNA extraction from bulk samples (i.e. homogenizing the specimens themselves, and utilization of the preservative ethanol as a source of genetic material), as well as combining multiple reference sequence databases, in order
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from India
    International Journal of Entomology Research International Journal of Entomology Research ISSN: 2455-4758 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.24 www.entomologyjournals.com Volume 3; Issue 1; January 2018; Page No. 43-48 Taxonomic studies on the genus Calliphora robineau-desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from India 1 Inderpal Singh Sidhu, *2 Rashmi Gupta, 3 Devinder Singh 1, 2 Department of Zoology, SGGS College, Sector 26, Chandigarh, Punjab, India 3 Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India Abstract Four Indian species belonging to the genus Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy have been studied and detailed descriptions have been written for each of them that include synonymy, morphological attributes, colouration, chaetotaxy, wing venation, illustrations of male and female genitalia, material examined, distribution, holotype depository and remarks. A key to the Indian species has also been provided. Keywords: India, Calliphora, calliphorinae, calliphoridae, diptera Introduction . Calliphora rufifacies Macquart, 1851. Dipt. Exot. Suppl., The genus Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy is represented by 4: 216. four species in India (Bharti, 2011) [2]. They are medium to . Musca aucta Walker, 1853. Insect. Saund. Dipt., 1: 334. large sized flies commonly called the blue bottles. The . Calliphora insidiosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Insect. diagnostic characters of the genus include: eyes holoptic or Saund. Dipt., 1: 334. subholoptic in male, dichoptic in female; jowls about half eye . Calliphora insidiosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863. Posth. 2: height; facial carina absent; length of 3rd antennal segment less 695. than 4X that of 2nd; arista long plumose; propleuron and . Calliphora turanica Rohdeau-Desvoidy, 1863. Posth., 2: prosternum hairy; postalar declivity hairy; acrostichals 1-3+3; 695.
    [Show full text]
  • Local and Landscape Effects on Carrion-Associated Rove Beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Communities in German Forests
    insects Article Local and Landscape Effects on Carrion-Associated Rove Beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Communities in German Forests Sandra Weithmann 1,* , Jonas Kuppler 1 , Gregor Degasperi 2, Sandra Steiger 3 , Manfred Ayasse 1 and Christian von Hoermann 4 1 Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany; [email protected] (J.K.); [email protected] (M.A.) 2 Richard-Wagnerstraße 9, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; [email protected] 3 Department of Evolutionary Animal Ecology, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; [email protected] 4 Department of Conservation and Research, Bavarian Forest National Park, 94481 Grafenau, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 15 October 2020; Accepted: 21 November 2020; Published: 24 November 2020 Simple Summary: Increasing forest management practices by humans are threatening inherent insect biodiversity and thus important ecosystem services provided by them. One insect group which reacts sensitively to habitat changes are the rove beetles contributing to the maintenance of an undisturbed insect succession during decomposition by mainly hunting fly maggots. However, little is known about carrion-associated rove beetles due to poor taxonomic knowledge. In our study, we unveiled the human-induced and environmental drivers that modify rove beetle communities on vertebrate cadavers. At German forest sites selected by a gradient of management intensity, we contributed to the understanding of the rove beetle-mediated decomposition process. One main result is that an increasing human impact in forests changes rove beetle communities by promoting generalist and more open-habitat species coping with low structural heterogeneity, whereas species like Philonthus decorus get lost.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Survey of Land at Beesley Green, Salford, Greater Manchester
    Peel Investments (North) Ltd ECOLOGICAL SURVEY OF LAND AT BEESLEY GREEN, SALFORD, GREATER MANCHESTER DRAFT V1 SEPTEMBER 2013 ESL (Ecological Services) Ltd, 1 Otago House, Allenby Business Village, Crofton Road, Lincoln, LN3 4NL Ecological Survey of Land at Beesley Green, Salford, Greater Manchester SCS.PH Peel Investments (North) Ltd DOCUMENT CONTROL TITLE: Ecological Survey of Land at Beesley Green, Salford, Greater Manchester VERSION: Draft V1 DATE: September 2013 ISSUED BY: Brian Hedley AUTHORS: Brian Hedley, Emily Cook, Pete Morrell, Jackie Nicholson and Andy Jukes CHECKED BY: Andrew Malkinson APPROVED BY: Vanessa Tindale ISSUED TO: Peel Investments (North) Ltd Peel Dome The Trafford Centre Manchester M17 8PL This report has been prepared by ESL with all reasonable skill, care and diligence, within the terms of the contract with the Client. The report is confidential to the Client. ESL accepts no responsibility of whatever nature to third parties to whom this report may be made known. No part of this document may be reproduced without the prior written approval of ESL. ESL (Ecological Services) Ltd, 1 Otago House, Allenby Business Village, Crofton Road, Lincoln, LN3 4NL Ecological Survey of Land at Beesley Green, Salford, Greater Manchester SCS.PH Peel Investments (North) Ltd CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 INITIAL SCOPING STUDY 1 2.1 Desk-based Study 1 2.2 Walkover Survey 3 2.3 Summary of Walkover and Recommendations for Further Survey 4 3 HABITATS, PLANT COMMUNITIES AND SPECIES 6 3.1 Survey Methods 6 3.2 Results 6 3.3 Discussion
    [Show full text]
  • Use of Necrophagous Insects As Evidence of Cadaver Relocation
    A peer-reviewed version of this preprint was published in PeerJ on 1 August 2017. View the peer-reviewed version (peerj.com/articles/3506), which is the preferred citable publication unless you specifically need to cite this preprint. Charabidze D, Gosselin M, Hedouin V. 2017. Use of necrophagous insects as evidence of cadaver relocation: myth or reality? PeerJ 5:e3506 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3506 Use of necrophagous insects as evidence of cadaver relocation: myth or reality? Damien CHARABIDZE Corresp., 1 , Matthias GOSSELIN 2 , Valéry HEDOUIN 1 1 CHU Lille, EA 7367 - UTML - Unite de Taphonomie Medico-Legale, Univ Lille, 59000 Lille, France 2 Research Institute of Biosciences, Laboratory of Zoology, UMONS - Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium Corresponding Author: Damien CHARABIDZE Email address: [email protected] The use of insects as indicators of postmortem displacement is discussed in many text, courses and TV shows, and several studies addressing this issue have been published. However, the concept is widely cited but poorly understood, and only a few forensic cases have successfully applied such a method. Surprisingly, this question has never be taken into account entirely as a cross-disciplinary theme. The use of necrophagous insects as evidence of cadaver relocation actually involves a wide range of data on their biology: distribution areas, microhabitats, phenology, behavioral ecology and molecular analysis are among the research areas linked to this problem. This article reviews for the first time the current knowledge on these questions and analysze the possibilities/limitations of each method to evaluate their feasibility. This analysis reveals numerous weaknesses and mistaken beliefs but also many concrete possibilities and research opportunities.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Noteworthy Findings of Fungus Gnats from Finland and Northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae)
    Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1068 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1068 Taxonomic paper Recent noteworthy findings of fungus gnats from Finland and northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae) Jevgeni Jakovlev†, Jukka Salmela ‡,§, Alexei Polevoi|, Jouni Penttinen ¶, Noora-Annukka Vartija# † Finnish Environment Insitutute, Helsinki, Finland ‡ Metsähallitus (Natural Heritage Services), Rovaniemi, Finland § Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland | Forest Research Institute KarRC RAS, Petrozavodsk, Russia ¶ Metsähallitus (Natural Heritage Services), Jyväskylä, Finland # Toivakka, Myllyntie, Finland Corresponding author: Jukka Salmela ([email protected]) Academic editor: Vladimir Blagoderov Received: 10 Feb 2014 | Accepted: 01 Apr 2014 | Published: 02 Apr 2014 Citation: Jakovlev J, Salmela J, Polevoi A, Penttinen J, Vartija N (2014) Recent noteworthy findings of fungus gnats from Finland and northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1068. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1068 Abstract New faunistic data on fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaroidea excluding Sciaridae) from Finland and NW Russia (Karelia and Murmansk Region) are presented. A total of 64 and 34 species are reported for the first time form Finland and Russian Karelia, respectively. Nine of the species are also new for the European fauna: Mycomya shewelli Väisänen, 1984,M. thula Väisänen, 1984, Acnemia trifida Zaitzev, 1982, Coelosia gracilis Johannsen, 1912, Orfelia krivosheinae Zaitzev, 1994, Mycetophila biformis Maximova, 2002, M. monstera Maximova, 2002, M. uschaica Subbotina & Maximova, 2011 and Trichonta palustris Maximova, 2002. Keywords Sciaroidea, Fennoscandia, faunistics © Jakovlev J et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
    [Show full text]
  • A Sur Hamp Peter 25 Ju Autho Rvey of Th Pton Brow Borough Ne 2015
    A survey of the inverttebrates of the Hampton brownfield study site, Peterborough 25 June 2015 Authors: Buglife and BSG Ecology BLANK PAGE Acknowledgements: Buglife and BSG would like to thank O&H Hampton Ltd for undertaking the habitat creation work and providing access and support Report title A survey of the invertebrates of the Hampton brownfield study site, Peterborough Draft version/final FINAL File reference OH Hampton Draft Report_Final_240715 Buglife - The Invertebrate Conservation Trust is a registered charity at Bug House, Ham Lane, Orton Waterville, Peterborough, PE2 5UU Company no. 4132695, Registered charity no. 1092293, Scottish charity no. SC04004 BSG Ecology - Registered in: England and Wales | No. OC328772 | Registered address: Wyastone Business Park, Monmouth, NP25 3SR Contents 1 Summary ....................................................................................................................................................... 2 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 3 3 Site Description ............................................................................................................................................. 4 4 Methods ......................................................................................................................................................... 9 5 Results ........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera, Syrphidae) on the Balkan Peninsula
    Dipteron Band 2 (6) S.113-132 ISSN 1436-5596 Kiel,15.9.1999 New data for the tribes Milesiini and Xylotini (Diptera, Syrphidae) on the Balkan Peninsula [Neue Daten fur die Triben Milesiini und Xylotini (Diptera, Syrphidae) van der Balkanhalbinsel] Ante VUJIC (Novi Sad) & Vesna MILANKOV (Novi Sad) Abstract: Distributional data are presented for four species of the tribe Milesiini (genus Criorhina MEIGEN, 1822) and 13 species of four genera of the tribe Xylotini (Brachypalpoides HIPPA, 1978, Brachypalpus MACQUART, 1834, Chalcosyrphus CURRAN, 1925, Xylota MErGEN, 1822) occuring on the Balkan Peninsula. The species Criorhina ranunculi (PANZER, [1804]) is recorded on the Balkan Peninsula for the fIrst time. A speci• men of Chalcosyrphus valgus (GMELIN, 1790) from Dubasnica mountain (Serbia) presents the fust verifIed record of the species on the Balkan Peninsula. Previously published reports of Xylota coeruleiventris ZETTERSTEDT,1838 on the Peninsula actually belong to X. jakuto• rum BAGACHANOVA,1980. Brachypalpus laphriformis (FALLEN, 1816), B. valgus (PANZER, [1798]), Criorhina asilica (FALLEN, 1816), Xylota jakutorum and X. jlorum (FABRICIUS, 1805) have been collected for the fust time in Montenegro. The record of Brachypalpus val· gus from Verno mountain is the first for Greece. A key to genera and species of the tribe Xylotini on the Balkan Peninsula and illustrations of characteristic morphological features are presented. Key words: Syrphidae, Brachypalpoides, Brachypalpus, Chalcosyrphus, Criorhina, Xylota, Balkan Peninsula Zusammenfassung: Verbreitungsangaben fur vier Arten der Tribus Milesiini (Gattung Criorhina MEIGEN,1822) und 13 Arten aus vier Gattung der Tribus Xylotini (Brachypalpoides HrpPA, 1978, Brachypalpus MACQUART,1834, Chalcosyrphus CURRAN,1925, Xylota MElGEN,1822), die auf der Bal• kanhalbinsel vertreten sind, werden vorgestellt.
    [Show full text]
  • Available Generic Names for Trilobites
    AVAILABLE GENERIC NAMES FOR TRILOBITES P.A. JELL AND J.M. ADRAIN Jell, P.A. & Adrain, J.M. 30 8 2002: Available generic names for trilobites. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 48(2): 331-553. Brisbane. ISSN0079-8835. Aconsolidated list of available generic names introduced since the beginning of the binomial nomenclature system for trilobites is presented for the first time. Each entry is accompanied by the author and date of availability, by the name of the type species, by a lithostratigraphic or biostratigraphic and geographic reference for the type species, by a family assignment and by an age indication of the type species at the Period level (e.g. MCAM, LDEV). A second listing of these names is taxonomically arranged in families with the families listed alphabetically, higher level classification being outside the scope of this work. We also provide a list of names that have apparently been applied to trilobites but which remain nomina nuda within the ICZN definition. Peter A. Jell, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia; Jonathan M. Adrain, Department of Geoscience, 121 Trowbridge Hall, Univ- ersity of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA; 1 August 2002. p Trilobites, generic names, checklist. Trilobite fossils attracted the attention of could find. This list was copied on an early spirit humans in different parts of the world from the stencil machine to some 20 or more trilobite very beginning, probably even prehistoric times. workers around the world, principally those who In the 1700s various European natural historians would author the 1959 Treatise edition. Weller began systematic study of living and fossil also drew on this compilation for his Presidential organisms including trilobites.
    [Show full text]
  • Biologie, Vývoj a Zoogeografie Vybraných Saproxylických Skupin
    1 Masarykova univerzita Přírodovědecká fakulta Katedra zoologie a ekologie Biologie, vývoj a zoogeografie vybraných saproxylických skupin orientálních druhů čeledi Stratiomyidae Diplomová práce 2007 Prof. RNDr. R. Rozkošný, Dr. Sc. Alena Bučánková 2 Biologie, vývoj a zoogeografie vybraných saproxylických skupin orientálních druhů čeledi Stratiomyidae Abstrakt Je popsána morfologie, biologie a zoogeografie larev čtyř druhů z čeledi Stratiomyidae. Dva z nich, Pegadomyia pruinosa a Craspedometopon sp. n., patří do podčeledi Pachygasterinae, další dva, Adoxomyia bistriata a Cyphomyia bicarinata , patří do podčeledi Clitellariinae. Larvy byly sbírány Dr. D. Kovacem pod kůrou padlých stromů v Malysii a Thajsku. Saproxylický způsob života larev v rámci celé čeledi je zde diskutován jako původní stav. Byly vytypovány morfologické a biologické znaky larev s možným fylogenetickým významem a jejich platnost byla vyzkoušena v kladistických programech Nona a Winclada. Zjištěný fylogenetický vztah hlavních podčeledí odpovídá v podstatě současnému systému čeledi. Překážkou detailnímu vyhodnocení jsou zatím jen nedostatečné popisy larev a jejich malá znalost, zvláště v tropických oblastech. Biology, development and zoogeography of some saproxylic Oriental species of Stratiomyidae (Diptera) Abstract The morphology, biology and zoogeography of four larvae of Stratiomyidae are described. Two of them, Pegadomyia pruinosa , Craspedometopon sp. n. belong to the subfamily Pachygasteinae, the others, Adoxomyia bistriata and Cyphomyia bicarinata are placed to the subfamily Clitellariinae. The larvae were collected under the bark of fallen trees in Malaysia and Thailand by Dr. D. Kovac. The saproxylic habitat of stratiomyid larvae is discussed in this thesis as an original state. The morphological and biological characters of possible phylogenetic significance are evaluated and their value was verified with use of Nona and Winclada programs.
    [Show full text]
  • The Viruan (Middle Ordovician) of Öland
    The Viruan (Middle Ordovician) of Öland By Valdar Jaanusson ABSTRACT.-The stratigraphy and lithology of the Viruan (Middle Ordovician) Iimestones of the bed-rock of Öland are described based on three bares and on field work in the outcrop area. A combined litho- and bio-stratigraphic classification (termed topo-stratigraphic) is introduced for the described sequence. The names of the Estonian stages (Aserian, Lasnamägian, Uhakuan, and Kukrusean) are used as chrono-stratigraphic references instead of the previous Swedish names of the units of stage category (Platyurus, Schroeteri, Crassicauda, and Ludibundus, re­ spectivcly). New topo-stratigraphic divisions are Segerstad Limestone (of Aserian age), Skärlöv, Seby, and Folkeslunda Limestones (of Lasnamägian age), Furudal, Källa, and Persnäs Lime­ stones (of Uhakuan age), and Dalby Limestone (of Kukrusean age in the bed-rock of Öland). The Aserian Lasnamägian topo-stratigraphic divisions have the same lithological characteris­ and tics throughout Öland. The Uhakuan beds are developed as calcilutites (Furudal Limestone) on southern Öland continuing as a tongue (Källa Limestone) on northern Öland. The middle and upper part of the Uhakuan beds of northern Öland consist of calcarenites (Persnäs Limestone) lithologically indistiguishable from the Kukrusean Dalby Limestone which forms the bed-rock only on northern Öland. Within the Segerstad Limestone two zones are distinguished (z. of Angelinoceras latum and z. of Illaenus planifrons).H ouvr ' s zones of Lituites discors, L. lituus, and L. perfectus are of Lasna­ mägian age, and their stratigraphic position and fauna! characteristics are described. Contents Introduction . 207 Methods .............. 209 Classification of the Viruan rocks of Öland 2I2 Historical survey . 2I9 Taxonornie and nomenclatural notes 22I Viruan rocks of northern Öland .
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, the Fungus Gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae
    Zootaxa 2318: 450–506 (2009) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2009 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) The fungus gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae) of Sardinia, with description of six new species* PETER J. CHANDLER 606B Berryfield Lane, Melksham, Wilts SN12 6EL, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] *In: Cerretti, P., Mason, F., Minelli, A., Nardi, G. & Whitmore, D. (Eds), Research on the Terrestrial Arthropods of Sardinia (Italy). Zootaxa, 2318, 1–602. Table of contents Abstract . .450 Introduction . .451 Study area . .452 Material and methods . .452 Abbreviations . .453 Sampling sites . .454 Faunistic list . .456 Bolitophilidae . .456 Keroplatidae, Keroplatinae, Keroplatini . .456 Orfeliini . .457 Macrocerinae . .462 Mycetophilidae, Gnoristinae . .465 Leiinae . .469 Mycetophilinae, Exechiini . .472 Mycetophilini . .480 Mycomyinae . .492 Sciophilinae . .495 Discussion . .500 Acknowledgements . .501 References . .502 Abstract The fungus gnat fauna of Sardinia is reviewed and data presented for all species recorded. Altogether one species of Bolitophilidae, 16 species of Keroplatidae and 105 species of Mycetophilidae are recognised as occurring in Sardinia. As the bolitophilid and two of the mycetophilid species are represented only by females and are not determined to species level, the total confirmed Sardinian list stands at 119 species. Four species of Keroplatidae and 19 species of Mycetophilidae are new to the total Italian fauna, whereas three species of Keroplatidae and 32 species of Mycetophilidae are newly recorded for the island of Sardinia. Six species are described as new to science: two Keroplatidae (Urytalpa juliae sp. nov., Macrocera nuragica sp. nov.) and four Mycetophilidae (Boletina ichnusa sp. nov., Trichonta sandalyon sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names
    Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus-group names. Part V Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart Evenhuis, Neal L.; Pape, Thomas; Pont, Adrian C. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Publication date: 2016 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Evenhuis, N. L., Pape, T., & Pont, A. C. (2016). Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus- group names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart. Magnolia Press. Zootaxa Vol. 4172 No. 1 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 Zootaxa 4172 (1): 001–211 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:22128906-32FA-4A80-85D6-10F114E81A7B ZOOTAXA 4172 Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart NEAL L. EVENHUIS1, THOMAS PAPE2 & ADRIAN C. PONT3 1 J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Entomological Research, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-2704, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] 3Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by D. Whitmore: 15 Aug. 2016; published: 30 Sept. 2016 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 NEAL L.
    [Show full text]