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Safeguarding the Intangible Cultural Heritage and Diverse Cultural Traditions of India”
Scheme for “Safeguarding the Intangible Cultural Heritage and Diverse Cultural Traditions of India” Form for National Inventory Register of Intangible Cultural Heritage of India A. Name of the State WEST BENGAL B. Name of the Element/Cultural Tradition (in English) BENA B.1. Name of the element in the language and script of the community Concerned, if applicable 뇍যানা (Bengali) C. Name of the communities, groups or, if applicable, individuals concerned (Identify clearly either of these concerned with the practice of the said element/cultural tradition) The Bena is traditionally used by two communities - the Rajbongshis and the Meities of Manipur. The Rajbongshis are spread across North Bengal, western Assam, Meghalaya and eastern parts of Bihar and the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Nepal. The Meiteis of Manipur have a similar instrument which they call the Pena and it plays a very important role in their culture - accompanying many of their rituals and their folk music. It continues to play a much larger role in their lives than the Bena does among the Rajbongshis. D. Geographical location and range of the element/cultural tradition (Please write about the other states in which the said element/tradition is present ) The Bena is to be found in the northern districts of Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri (which has recently been bifurcated into Jalpaiguri and Alipurduar districts) in West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Bihar and also neighbouring countries like Bangladesh and Nepal. The Bena is traditionally an integral part of a Rajbongshi folk theatre called Kushan. However the Kushan tradition prevails only in North Bengal, Bangladesh and Assam. -
1 Syllabus for MA (Previous) Hindustani Music Vocal/Instrumental
Syllabus for M.A. (Previous) Hindustani Music Vocal/Instrumental (Sitar, Sarod, Guitar, Violin, Santoor) SEMESTER-I Core Course – 1 Theory Credit - 4 Theory : 70 Internal Assessment : 30 Maximum Marks : 100 Historical and Theoretical Study of Ragas 70 Marks A. Historical Study of the following Ragas from the period of Sangeet Ratnakar onwards to modern times i) Gaul/Gaud iv) Kanhada ii) Bhairav v) Malhar iii) Bilawal vi) Todi B. Development of Raga Classification system in Ancient, Medieval and Modern times. C. Study of the following Ragangas in the modern context:- Sarang, Malhar, Kanhada, Bhairav, Bilawal, Kalyan, Todi. D. Detailed and comparative study of the Ragas prescribed in Appendix – I Internal Assessment 30 marks Core Course – 2 Theory Credit - 4 Theory : 70 Internal Assessment : 30 Maximum Marks : 100 Music of the Asian Continent 70 Marks A. Study of the Music of the following - China, Arabia, Persia, South East Asia, with special reference to: i) Origin, development and historical background of Music ii) Musical scales iii) Important Musical Instruments B. A comparative study of the music systems mentioned above with Indian Music. Internal Assessment 30 marks Core Course – 3 Practical Credit - 8 Practical : 70 Internal Assessment : 30 Maximum Marks : 100 Stage Performance 70 marks Performance of half an hour’s duration before an audience in Ragas selected from the list of Ragas prescribed in Appendix – I Candidate may plan his/her performance in the following manner:- Classical Vocal Music i) Khyal - Bada & chota Khyal with elaborations for Vocal Music. Tarana is optional. Classical Instrumental Music ii) Alap, Jor, Jhala, Masitkhani and Razakhani Gat with eleaborations Semi Classical Music iii) A short piece of classical music /Thumri / Bhajan/ Dhun /a gat in a tala other than teentaal may also be presented. -
Scheme of Examination for Session 2020-21 One Year Diploma in Tabla Programme Code- DPT1 Semester-I Paper Theory/ Practical
Scheme of Examination for session 2020-21 One Year Diploma in Tabla Programme Code- DPT1 Semester-I Paper Theory/ Paper Nomenclature Maximum Internal Total Credits Practical Code of Paper Marks Assessment Marks I Theory 20CPT11C1 Basics of 80 20 100 4 Tabla II Theory 20CPT11C2 Historical & 80 20 100 4 Theoretical Study of Tabla III Practical 20CPT11C3 Stage 150 150 6 Performance IV Practical 20CPT11C4 Viva-Voce 150 150 6 Total 500 20 Paper Theory/ Paper Nomenclature Maximum Internal Total Credits Practical Code of Paper Marks Assessment Marks V Theory 20DPT12C1 History and 80 20 100 4 Basics of Tabla VI Theory 20DPT12C2 Applied 80 20 100 4 Theory of Tabla VII Practical 20DPT12C3 Stage 150 150 6 Performance VIII Practical 20DPT12C4 Viva-Voce 150 150 6 Total 500 20 The candidate has to answer five questions by selecting atleast one question from each Unit. Maximum Marks 80 Internal Assessment 20 marks Semester 1 Theory Paper - I Programme Name One Year Diploma Programme Code DPT1 in Tabla Course Name Basics of Tabla Course Code 20CPT11C1 Credits 4 No. of 4 Hours/Week Duration of End 3 Hours Max. Marks 100 term Examination Course Objectives:- 1. To impart Practical knowledge about Tabla. 2. To impart knowledge about theoretical aspects of Tabla in Indian Music. 3. To impart knowledge about Tabla and specifications of Taala 4. To impart knowledge about historical development of Tabal and it’s varnas(Bols) Course Outcomes 1. Students would able to know specifications of Tabla and Taalas 2. Students would gain knowledge about Historical development of Tabla 3. -
The West Bengal College Service Commission State
THE WEST BENGAL COLLEGE SERVICE COMMISSION STATE ELIGIBILITY TEST Subject: MUSIC Code No.: 28 SYLLABUS Hindustani (Vocal, Instrumental & Musicology), Karnataka, Percussion and Rabindra Sangeet Note:- Unit-I, II, III & IV are common to all in music Unit-V to X are subject specific in music Unit-I Technical Terms: Sangeet, Nada: ahata & anahata , Shruti & its five jaties, Seven Vedic Swaras, Seven Swaras used in Gandharva, Suddha & Vikrit Swara, Vadi- Samvadi, Anuvadi-Vivadi, Saptak, Aroha, Avaroha, Pakad / vishesa sanchara, Purvanga, Uttaranga, Audava, Shadava, Sampoorna, Varna, Alankara, Alapa, Tana, Gamaka, Alpatva-Bahutva, Graha, Ansha, Nyasa, Apanyas, Avirbhav,Tirobhava, Geeta; Gandharva, Gana, Marga Sangeeta, Deshi Sangeeta, Kutapa, Vrinda, Vaggeyakara Mela, Thata, Raga, Upanga ,Bhashanga ,Meend, Khatka, Murki, Soot, Gat, Jod, Jhala, Ghaseet, Baj, Harmony and Melody, Tala, laya and different layakari, common talas in Hindustani music, Sapta Talas and 35 Talas, Taladasa pranas, Yati, Theka, Matra, Vibhag, Tali, Khali, Quida, Peshkar, Uthaan, Gat, Paran, Rela, Tihai, Chakradar, Laggi, Ladi, Marga-Deshi Tala, Avartana, Sama, Vishama, Atita, Anagata, Dasvidha Gamakas, Panchdasa Gamakas ,Katapayadi scheme, Names of 12 Chakras, Twelve Swarasthanas, Niraval, Sangati, Mudra, Shadangas , Alapana, Tanam, Kaku, Akarmatrik notations. Unit-II Folk Music Origin, evolution and classification of Indian folk song / music. Characteristics of folk music. Detailed study of folk music, folk instruments and performers of various regions in India. Ragas and Talas used in folk music Folk fairs & festivals in India. Unit-III Rasa and Aesthetics: Rasa, Principles of Rasa according to Bharata and others. Rasa nishpatti and its application to Indian Classical Music. Bhava and Rasa Rasa in relation to swara, laya, tala, chhanda and lyrics. -
THE STORY of the POT Prof
CMANA a thriving institution and a continuing journey SANGEETHAM TNT # 26 THE STORY OF THE POT Prof. N. Govindarajan The Pot - Known as ‘Noot’ in Kashmir, ‘Mudki’ in rhythmic accompaniment. In the past it was Rajasthan and ‘Ghatam’ in Carnatic Music - is no employed as accompaniment for veena. ordinary clay pot! Methods of Playing : In North India this instrument is Origin : The Ghatam, like Mridanga and Veena is an played on a small round block with the mouth facing ancient Carnatic Music instrument. In a sloka in the upwards and is played on its round surface by the right Yuddha kanda of Ramayan, Valmiki refers to the hand and on its mouth by the left hand. Also the sound that emanates from the pot! There is an performer wears bras rings in his fingers. In South authoritative reference to it in ‘Krishna Ganam;’, a India, the performer places the instrument on his lap potential description of Lord Krishna’s flute recital. with the moutn hugging his belly. The performer The above two instances prove that Ghatam is an plays by using his fingers, wrists and even nails. instrument of ancient times in the cultural history of During accompaniment he keeps the instrument very India. close to his belly and then forces the ghatam outward Ghatam and the oridinary mud pot used for domestic which creates a peculiar bass sound. Occasionally the purposes are comparable only in that they are both performer keeps the instrument with the mouth facing made of clay and round in shape with the Ghatam the audience and plays on its neck. -
KRAKAUER-DISSERTATION-2014.Pdf (10.23Mb)
Copyright by Benjamin Samuel Krakauer 2014 The Dissertation Committee for Benjamin Samuel Krakauer Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Negotiations of Modernity, Spirituality, and Bengali Identity in Contemporary Bāul-Fakir Music Committee: Stephen Slawek, Supervisor Charles Capwell Kaushik Ghosh Kathryn Hansen Robin Moore Sonia Seeman Negotiations of Modernity, Spirituality, and Bengali Identity in Contemporary Bāul-Fakir Music by Benjamin Samuel Krakauer, B.A.Music; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2014 Dedication This work is dedicated to all of the Bāul-Fakir musicians who were so kind, hospitable, and encouraging to me during my time in West Bengal. Without their friendship and generosity this work would not have been possible. জয় 巁쇁! Acknowledgements I am grateful to many friends, family members, and colleagues for their support, encouragement, and valuable input. Thanks to my parents, Henry and Sarah Krakauer for proofreading my chapter drafts, and for encouraging me to pursue my academic and artistic interests; to Laura Ogburn for her help and suggestions on innumerable proposals, abstracts, and drafts, and for cheering me up during difficult times; to Mark and Ilana Krakauer for being such supportive siblings; to Stephen Slawek for his valuable input and advice throughout my time at UT; to Kathryn Hansen -
Classic Ssical Arts Society of Houston Ty
Classicssical Arts Societyty of Houston Presenesents a Special Summer Concert! An Eveningg of Incomparable Music by the Violin Trio Padmabhushan PrProf. T.N. Krishnan, Smt. Viji Krishnashnan-Natarajan & Sri Sriram Krishnishnan with Sri T.S. Nandakumar on Mridangam Sri Chandhandrasekara Sharma on Ghatam At 4:300 PM on Sunday, June 12, 2016 Stafford Civic Center 1411415 Constitution Avenue Stafford, Texas About our Artists Prof T N Krishnan The foremost exponent of the Carnatic violin and the senior most living expnoent of this pristine tradition, T. N. Krishnan's art represents the purest expression of the Carnatic idiom. His emphasis on melodic clarity, spectral fidelity, and emotive finesse are unparalleled in his field. He is a living legend who has witnessed and assimilated the essence of the musical giants of the golden age of Carnatic Music. His music reflects the vigour, poignance and depth of the tradition as it should be practiced. Over the course of nearly eighty years, he has become synonymous with uncompromising classicism and continues to relentlessly pursue this passion. Smt. Viji Krishnan Natarajan Viji Krishnan, daughter of Sri T N Krishnan represents the seventh generation in a family of distinguished musicians who have contributed enormously to Indian music. Her initial training began at the age of three, under grandfather Sri A. Narayana Iyer and later from her illustrious father, the maestro Professor T. N. Krishnan. Viji turned out a child prodigy and gave her first performance at the age of seven when The Hindu reported her to be, "a chip off the old block". Viji is now an international performing artist. -
Indian Music Instruments Sarangi Sitar Sitar Is of the Most Popular Music
Indian Music Instruments Sarangi Sitar Sitar is of the most popular music instruments of North India. The Sitar has a long neck with twenty metal frets and six to seven main cords. Below the frets of Sitar are thirteen sympathetic strings which are tuned to the notes of the Raga. A gourd, which acts as a resonator for the strings is at the lower end of the neck of the Sitar. The frets are moved up and down to adjust the notes. Some famous Sitar players are Ustad Vilayat Khan, Pt. Ravishankar, Ustad Imrat Khan, Ustad Abdul Halim Zaffar Khan, Ustad Rais Khan and Pt Debu Chowdhury. Sarod Sarod has a small wooden body covered with skin and a fingerboard that is covered with steel. Sarod does not have a fret and has twenty-five strings of which fifteen are sympathetic strings. A metal gourd acts as a resonator. The strings are plucked with a triangular plectrum. Some notable exponents of Sarod are Ustad Ali Akbar Khan, Ustad Amjad Ali Khan, Pt. Buddhadev Das Gupta, Zarin Daruwalla and Brij Narayan. Sarangi Sarangi is one of the most popular and oldest bowed instruments in India. The body of Sarangi is hollow and made of teak wood adorned with ivory inlays. Sarangi has forty strings of which thirty seven are sympathetic. The Sarangi is held in a vertical position and played with a bow. To play the Sarangi one has to press the fingernails of the left hand against the strings. Famous Sarangi maestros are Rehman Bakhs, Pt Ram Narayan, Ghulam Sabir and Ustad Sultan Khan. -
Ghatam SANKARA VEDIC CULTURE & ARTS INC SAVECA Canada/SAVECA Music Academy a Popular Disciple of Sangeetha Ramana Indrakumar Started His Training Kalanidhi Dr
= ARVIND VENKATARAMAN - Mridangam RAMANA INDRAKUMAR - Ghatam SANKARA VEDIC CULTURE & ARTS INC SAVECA Canada/SAVECA Music Academy A popular disciple of Sangeetha Ramana Indrakumar started his training Kalanidhi Dr. Trichy Sri. Sankaran, in Mridangam at the age of 11 under (www.saveca.ca) Arvind has been under his tutelage for Vidwan Sri. Vasuthevan Rajalingam. A Not-for-profit organization the past 10 years, learning the Through his guru, Ramana has had intricacies and nuances of the advanced training from various percussive arts of the Pudukottai Laya mridangists such as Neyveli Sri. Bani. Arvind was initiated into Venkatesh, Sri. P. Satish Kumar, Carnatic Music by his mother at the Madipakkam Sri. Suresh and Poovalur Sri. age of 5 and underwent vocal training Sriji. Ramana pursued not just the mridangam, but also the for 10 years. He was then introduced to the art of secondary percussion instruments of ghatam and kanjira. A Mridangam playing in 1998 by Vidwan Pazhani. Sri. C. great feat by Ramana was the pursuit to learn the ghatam on Kumar and also had his initial training with Vidwan Sri. his own by watching great ghatam artists from today and Sriraam Subbaraman. yester years. His playing is appreciated for its rhythmical Arvind had his Arangetram on September 22nd, 2007 clarity and speed. Ramana has participated in various radio performing alongside his Guru, Sangeetha Kalanidhi Dr. and television recordings, and has performed in many Proudly Presents Trichy Sri. Sankaran in the concert of Padma Bhushan venues across North America. Sangeetha Kalanidhi Madurai Sri.T.N. Seshagopalan. The During the last 18 years, Ramana has performed alongside occasion marked the 52nd anniversary of his guru Prof. -
Click Here for More Details
Click Here for more details https://kalakendra.com/yours-truly-margazhi/ 15-12-2020 Sozhavaram Venkatesan & R.Govindarajan - Nadhaswaram, Thavil - Adyar Tuesday D.senthil Kumar & R.jeevanandam Inaugural Function Vocal - Sandeep Narayan, Violin - Mysore Srikanth, Mridangam - Umayalpuram K Sivaraman 16-12-2020 Thiruppavai Wednesday Namasangeerthanam Vocal - ABHIRAM BHODE, Violin - Shyam Raghav, Mridangam - Indhalur Adharsh Devarajan Vocal - CHINMAYA SISTERS-UMA & RADHIKA, Violin - B.V Raghavendra Rao, Mridangam - Tanjavur K Murugabhoopathi, Ghatam - N Guruprasad Violin Duet -GANESH & KUMARESH, Mridangam - Anantha R Krishnan, Ghatam - Trichy Krishnaswamy 17-12-2020 Thiruppavai Thursday Namasangeerthanam Vocal - Chithra Moorthy, Violin - Haritha Narayanan, Mridangam - Rohith A THE CARNATIC QUARTET, Violin - Shreya Devnath, Mridangam - Praveen Sparsh, Nadhaswaram - Mylai Karthikeyan Thavil - R.Jeevanandam Vocal - TRICHUR BROTHERS - SRIKRISHNA MOHAN & RAMKUMAR MOHAN, Violin - Sayee Rakshith, Mridangam - Trichur Mohan, Kanjira - B.S Purushotham Click Here for more details https://kalakendra.com/yours-truly-margazhi/ 18-12-2020 Thiruppavai Friday Namasangeerthanam Vocal - CALCUTTA SHANKAR, Violin - V.L.V.Sudharsan, Mridangam - Manikkudi.S.Chandrasekaran Vocal - K.GAYATHRI, Violin - R. Hemalatha, Mridangam - Poongulam Subramaniam Violin Duet - A KANYAKUMARI & EMBAR S KANNAN, Mridangam - Mannargudi A Easwaran, Kanjira - B.S Purushotham 19-12-20 Thiruppavai Saturday Namasangeerthanam Vocal - SVARATHMIKA, Violin- C.S Chinmayi, Mridangam - Pazhani -
Evolution and Assessment of South Asian Folk Music: a Study of Social and Religious Perspective
British Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2(3), 60-72, 2020 Publisher homepage: www.universepg.com, ISSN: 2663-7782 (Online) & 2663-7774 (Print) https://doi.org/10.34104/bjah.020060072 British Journal of Arts and Humanities Journal homepage: www.universepg.com/journal/bjah Evolution and Assessment of South Asian Folk Music: A Study of Social and Religious Perspective Ruksana Karim* Department of Music, Faculty of Arts, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. *Correspondence: [email protected] (Ruksana Karim, Lecturer, Department of Music, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh) ABSTRACT This paper describes how South Asian folk music figured out from the ancient era and people discovered its individual form after ages. South Asia has too many colorful nations and they owned different culture from the very beginning. Folk music is like a treasure of South Asian culture. According to history, South Asian people established themselves here as a nation (Arya) before five thousand years from today and started to live with native people. So a perfect mixture of two ancient nations and their culture produced a new South Asia. This paper explores the massive changes that happened to South Asian folk music which creates several ways to correspond to their root and how they are different from each other. After many natural disasters and political changes, South Asian people faced many socio-economic conditions but there was the only way to share their feelings. They articulated their sorrows, happiness, wishes, prayers, and love with music, celebrated social and religious festivals all the way through music. As a result, bunches of folk music are being created with different lyric and tune in every corner of South Asia. -
Classification of Indian Musical Instruments with the General
Classification of Indian Musical Instruments With the general background and perspective of the entire field of Indian Instrumental Music as explained in previous chapters, this study will now proceed towards a brief description of Indian Musical Instruments. Musical Instruments of all kinds and categories were invented by the exponents of the different times and places, but for the technical purposes a systematic-classification of these instruments was deemed necessary from the ancient time. The classification prevalent those days was formulated in India at least two thousands years ago. The first reference is in the Natyashastra of Bharata. He classified them as ‘Ghana Vadya’, ‘Avanaddha Vadya’, ‘Sushira Vadya’ and ‘Tata Vadya’.1 Bharata used word ‘Atodhya Vadya’ for musical instruments. The term Atodhya is explained earlier than in Amarkosa and Bharata might have adopted it. References: Some references with respect to classification of Indian Musical Instruments are listed below: 1. Bharata refers Musical Instrument as ‘Atodhya Vadya’. Vishnudharmotta Purana describes Atodhya (Ch. XIX) of four types – Tata, Avnaddha, Ghana and Sushira. Later, the term ‘Vitata’ began to be used by some writers in place of Avnaddha. 2. According to Sangita Damodara, Tata Vadyas are favorite of the God, Sushira Vadyas favourite of the Gandharvas, whereas Avnaddha Vadyas of the Rakshasas, while Ghana Vadyas are played by Kinnars. 3. Bharata, Sarangdeva (Ch. VI) and others have classified the musical instruments under four heads: 1 Fundamentals of Indian Music, Dr. Swatantra Sharma , p-86 53 i. Tata (String Instruments) ii. Avanaddha (Instruments covered with membrane) iii. Sushira (Wind Instruments) iv. Ghana (Solid, or the Musical Instruments which are stuck against one another, such as Cymbals).