KIENHOLZ AND CIVIL RIGHTS TIMELINE 1994 1974 1961 Kienholz suffers a heart attack and Dainichi Can Company, Ltd., one of the Kienholz has his first solo museum exhi- dies in Sandpoint, Idaho. DIC Corporation’s affiliated companies bition at the Pasadena Art Museum, and in Japan, acquires Five Car Stud based he participates in The Art of Assemblage

1996 on a recommendation from Yoshikuni Five Car Stud displayed inside an inflated dome at Museum-goers queue up to enter LACMA for Kienholz at the Museum of Modern Art. Now Gallery, 1956, formerly the Turnabout Theater, at Walter Hopps organizes Kienholz: A Iida, a sculptor and art advisor for documenta 5; photo © Delmore E. Scott retrospective (1966); photo © Delmore E. Scott 716 N. La Cienega Boulevard; photo © Kienholz Retrospective at the Whitney Museum Katsumi Kawamura, the DIC Freedom Riders travel in buses through of American Art, which travels to the Corporation’s second president. 1972 1966 the South to help ensure the success 1956 1946–49 1927 Museum of Contemporary Art in L.A. Kienholz makes Documentation Book for LACMA curator Maurice Tuchman of the recent desegregation of the Kienholz opens the Now Gallery in Kienholz travels throughout the Edward Ralph Kienholz is born October and the Berlinische Galerie. 1977 Five Car Stud Tableau and The Sawdy organizes a retrospective of Kienholz’s interstate transportation system. a former playhouse on La Cienega Northwest, works miscellaneous jobs, 23rd on his family’s farm near The Art Show (1963–1977), a Kienholz Edition in an edition of 75 (on view work. This sparks controversy with Boulevard and organizes the All-City and informally seeks out higher Fairfield, Washington. 2008 family collaborative tableau, is exhib- in this gallery), which charts the the Los Angeles County Board of 1962 Outdoor Art Festival. education in art and architecture. LACMA acquires The Illegal Operation Detail of Backseat Dodge ’38 (1964); © Kienholz, photo ited in Berlin and at the opening of creation of Five Car Stud. 1971 Supervisors, which unsuccessfully Kienholz shows Roxys (1961–62) at 1960 He enrolls briefly at Eastern © 2011 Museum Associates/LACMA (19 6 2), on view in Ahmanson gallery 216. the Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris. LACMA curator Maurice Tuchman plans to include Five attempts to close the exhibition by the Ferus Gallery and joins the Dwan Kienholz has his first solo exhibition at Ferus. Amateur art dealer Walter Hopps gives Washington State College and then Five Car Stud is featured in documenta Car Stud in the exhibition 11 Los Angeles Artists citing claims of indecency against Gallery stable, where Los Angeles– Kienholz a solo show at the Brentwood Whitworth College in Spokane. 1981 The Kienholzes open the Faith and V, Kassel, Germany, organized by at the Hayward Gallery, London, though ultimately it Back Seat Dodge ’38 (19 6 4). based collector Virginia Dwan puts Students stage a sit-in at Woolworth’s in gallery Syndell Studio. On the occasion of the exhibition Charity in Hope Gallery in Idaho. Harald Szeemann. proves too expensive to transport. him in contact with European artists Greensboro, North Carolina, to protest segregated 1953 The Kienholz Women, Edward Kienholz 1967 such as Arman, Jean Tinguely, and lunch counters, inspiring similar demonstrations 1957 Kienholz moves to Los Angeles, where establishes that his wife, Nancy 1973 At Gemini G.E.L. Kienholz produces Sawdy, based on Six days of violent race riots break Yves Klein. throughout the South. Kienholz and Hopps open the Ferus he quickly makes connections with Reddin Kienholz, is integral to the The German Academic Exchange Program Five Car Stud, in an edition of 55. out in Newark, New Jersey, when John Gallery on North La Cienega and artists and dealers in a nascent creation of his artworks and declares (DAAD) awards Kienholz a studio in Smith, an African American cab driver, David Wolper produces a television Kienholz converts the space behind contemporary art scene. her a collaborator in all works West Berlin and a living stipend. Five Car Stud is completed and installed in the is pulled over and assaulted by two episode about Kienholz’s work (a the gallery into his studio. produced since 1972. parking lot of Gemini G.E.L. for documentation pur- white police officers. selection is on view in this gallery) 1954 Edward Kienholz: Five Car Stud travels poses. These are the last works Kienholz produces 1958 The United States Supreme Court LACMA acquires Backseat Dodge ’38 (1964). to the Akademie der Künste in Berlin in Los Angeles. 1968 1963 Irving Blum joins the Ferus Gallery outlaws the segregation of black and (January 14–February 18) and is Roxys (1961–62) is exhibited at Kienholz’s first solo show in New York and Kienholz sells off his share. white students in Brown v. Board of 1990 included in the exhibition Monumente documenta IV, organized by Arnold is held at Alexander Iolas Gallery. Education on May 17. The Dainichi Can Company’s art collec- at Städtischen Kunsthalle Düsseldorf Bode, in Kassel, Germany. Kienholz’s tion as well as that of the DIC, which (June 26–August 12). subversive work is received enthusias- 1964 1955 includes Five Car Stud, becomes the tically by a European audience in During the so-called Freedom Summer, Kienholz has his first exhibition Kawamura Memorial DIC Museum of Art in the context of the student revolts students travel to Mississippi from at Von’s Café Galleria on Laurel Sakura City, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Edward and Nancy Kienholz making a plaster cast of of May 1968. around the country to engage in Civil Canyon Boulevard and opens a makeshift former L.A. police chief (and Nancy’s father) Tom Reddin Rights events and register black voters. gallery space in the lobby of a cinema. 1991 at their studio in Hope, Idaho, for the Ozymandias Parade (1985); photo © Kienholz Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., is After the Berlin Wall falls in assassinated. President Johnson passes the Civil Installation view of Kienholz’s Students at the lunch counter of Woolworth’s; photo Activist Rosa Parks refuses a bus This chronology is based in part upon the November 1989, the Kienholzes grow first solo exhibition at Ferus © 1960 Greensboro News & Record, photo by Jack Moebes one written by Nancy Reddin Kienholz in Rights Act, overturning the driver’s order to make room in the disenchanted with the former city of with Walter Hopps, Hopps, Hopps Kienholz: A Retrospective (New York: Whitney 1969 discriminatory Jim Crow laws. (1959) in window; photo by Seymour front of the bus for white passengers. Museum of American Art and D.A.P./Distribut- West Berlin and divide their time Rosen, © SPACES-Saving and Kienholz begins work on Five Car Stud. Her arrest results in a Supreme Court ed Art Publishers, 1996). The Illegal Operation (1962); © Kienholz, photo © 2011 among Idaho, Texas, and Berlin. Preserving Arts and Cultural Museum Associates/LACMA 1965 Environments decision to desegregate buses on 1970 In mid-August, racial tensions erupt, November 13, 1956. 1992 2009–10 11 + 11 Tableaux, a Kienholz retro- causing the Watts Riots in Los Four white LAPD officers are acquit- Five Car Stud is taken from storage spective exhibition organized by Angeles, a four-day standoff among ted after brutally beating African after almost forty years in Japan and Pontus Hulten at the Moderna Museet, police, civil rights fighters, and Kienholz approaches Blum in the doorway of Ferus with John Doe (1959); photo © Marvin Silver, courtesy of American Rodney King, inciting six Kienholz at a Berlin flea market; photo © Kienholz sent to the Kienholz studio in Hope, Stockholm, travels to six major white business owners. Craig Krull Gallery, Santa Monica, CA days of violent rioting and bringing Idaho, where it was restored under the European museums. L.A.’s racial anxieties to national Sawdy, 1971; © 1971 Kienholz and Gemini G.E.L. supervision of Nancy Reddin Kienholz. The Voting Rights Act eliminates poll attention once again. taxes and literacy tests.