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Veterinary Anesthesia and Pain Management Secrets / Edited by Stephen A Publisher: HANLEY & BELFUS, INC. Medical Publishers 210 South 13th Street Philadelphia, PA 19107 (215) 546-7293; 800-962-1892 FAX (215) 790-9330 Web site: http://www.hanleyandbelfus.com Note to the reader Although the information in this book has been carefully reviewed for cor­ rectness of dosage and indications, neither the authors nor the editor nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. Neither the publisher nor the editor makes any warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Before prescribing any drug. the reader must review the manu­ facturer's correct product information (package inserts) for accepted indications, absolute dosage recommendations. and other information pertinent to the safe and effective use of the product described. This is especially important when drugs are given in combination or as an adjunct to other forms of therapy Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Veterinary anesthesia and pain management secrets / edited by Stephen A. Greene. p. em. - (The Secrets Series®) Includes bibliographical references (p.). ISBN 1-56053-442-7 (alk paper) I. Veterinary anesthesia-Examinations, questions. etc. 2. Pain in animals­ Treatment-Examinations, questions, etc. I. Greene, Stephen A., 1956-11. Series. SF914.V48 2002 636 089' 796'076--dc2 I 2001039966 VETERINARY ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MANAGEMENT SECRETS ISBN 1-56053-442-7 © 2002 by Hanley & Belfus, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be repro­ duced, reused, republished. or transmitted in any form, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without written permission of the publisher Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 CONTRIBUTORS G. John Benson, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Professor, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veteri­ nary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois Nigel A. Caulkett, D.V.M., M.V.Sc., D.A.C. V.A. Associate Professor, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada Sophie Cuvelliez, D.M.V., M.S., D.A.C.V.A., D.E.C.V.A. Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada Thomas K. Day, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A., D.A.C.V.E.C.C. Emergency and Critical Care Veterinarian, Louisville Veterinary Specialty and Emergency Ser­ vices, Louisville, Kentucky Tom Doherty, M.V.B., M.Sc., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, The University of Ten­ nessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee Doris H. Dyson, D.V.M., D.V.Sc., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada Jennifer Linda Fujimoto, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Senior Veterinarian, Animal Care Program. University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, Cal­ ifornia David S. Galloway, D.V.M., M.M.A.S. Major, U. S. Army Veterinary Corps; Resident of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma Stephen A. Greene, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor of Veterinary Anesthesia. Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Uni­ versity of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois Kurt A. Grimm, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A., D.A.C.V.C.P. Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine. University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois Tamara L. Grubb, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Assistant Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon Ralph C. Harvey, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Univer­ sity of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee Terrell G. Heaton-Jones, D.V.M. Researcher, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida ix x Contributors Jana L. Jones, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A., D.A.C.V.E.C.C. Assistant Professor, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Med­ icine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee Robert D. Keegan, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor, Anesthesia Section Head, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington Lisa S. Klopp, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.I.M. (Neurology) Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois JeffC. H. Ko, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma Kris T. Kruse-Elliott, D.V.M., Ph.D., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Lynne I. Kushner, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Staff Anesthesiologist, Department of Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Leigh A. Lamont, D.V.M. Resident in Anesthesiology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois Kip A. Lemke, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada Khursheed Mama, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado Elizabeth A. Martinez, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor, Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas Sheila M. McCullough, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.I.M. Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois Robert E. Meyer, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor. Department ofAnatomy, Physiological Sciences, and Radiology, North Car­ olina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina Luisito S. Pablo, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Contributors xi Jane Quandt, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Assistant Clinical Specialist in Anesthesiology, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine. Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Minnesota, SI. Paul, Minnesota David C. Rankin, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Staff Anesthesiologist, Wisconsin Veterinary Referral Center, Wankesha, Wisconsin Thomas Riebold, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Professor, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences. College of Veterinary Medicine. Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon Sheilah A. Robertson, B.V.M.S., Ph.D., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor, Section of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Yves Rondenay, D.M.V. Clinical Instructor. Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada Julie A. Smith, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Hospital Director and Chief of Anesthesia, lAMS Pet Imaging. Vienna, Virginia Lesley J. Smith, D.V.M., D.A.C.V.A. Clinical Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Vet­ erinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin William J. Tranquilli, D.V.M., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Professor of Clinical Medicine (Anesthesiology and Pain Management), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Illinois Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, Urbana, Illinois Lois A. Wetmore, D.V.M., Sc.D., D.A.C.V.A. Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts University School of Veterinary Med­ icine, North Grafton. Massachusetts Deborah V. Wilson, B.V.Sc., M.S., D.A.C.V.A. Associate Professor, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan PREFACE It is my sincere hope that the reader will find the unique question-and-answer approach to be a breath of fresh air when compared with previously published texts on veterinary anesthesia and pain management. The contributing authors are noted experts in various veterinary medical specialties, including anesthesiology, clinical pharmacol­ ogy, critical care, internal medicine, and neurology. Each has included subject matter that is of clinical relevance and interest. I am grateful for their diligent labors and will be forever in their debt. As in other Secrets volumes, this book has been presented in an informative and easily understood style. It has been organized into nine sections: Patient Management, Patient Preparation, Pharmacology, Patient Monitoring, Perianesthetic Complications, Anesthesia and Systemic Disease, Special Anesthetic Considerations, Regional Anes­ thesia, and Pain Management for Small Animals. Each section contains salient infor­ mation related to anesthetic management of small and large domestic species as well as amphibians, birds, camelids, laboratory animals, reptiles, and other wild animals. The inclusion of concepts and techniques related to pain management addresses the vital role of this increasingly emphasized aspect of veterinary medical care both in and out of the surgical theater. I want to acknowledge William Lamsback and Mary Beth Murphy at Hanley & Belfus for offering their encouragement and inspiration to make this book more than a virtual reality. Finally, I would like to dedicate this book to my colleagues, friends, and family (especially Erma, Kaitlin, and Jared) for their unwavering support of my professional efforts and to the memory of my father, Dr. Daryle E. Greene, who recognized the value of persistence in all worthwhile endeavors. Stephen A. Greene, DVM, MS, DACVA xiii I. Patient Management I. AIRWAY MAINTENANCE Jane E.
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